Bibliografías temáticas / Solar tower power

Literatura académica sobre el tema "Solar tower power"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 22 de junio de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Solar tower power":

Schlaich, Jo¨rg, Rudolf Bergermann, Wolfgang Schiel y Gerhard Weinrebe. "Design of Commercial Solar Updraft Tower Systems—Utilization of Solar Induced Convective Flows for Power Generation". Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 127, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2005): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1823493.

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A solar updraft tower power plant—sometimes also called “solar chimney” or just “solar tower”—is a solar thermal power plant utilizing a combination of solar air collector and central updraft tube to generate a solar induced convective flow which drives pressure staged turbines to generate electricity. The paper presents theory, practical experience, and economy of solar updraft towers: First a simplified theory of the solar tower is described. Then results from designing, building and operating a small scale prototype in Spain are presented. Eventually technical issues and basic economic data for future commercial solar tower systems like the one being planned for Australia are discussed.

Kolb, Gregory J., Richard B. Diver y Nathan Siegel. "Central-Station Solar Hydrogen Power Plant". Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 129, n.º 2 (13 de abril de 2006): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2710246.

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Solar power towers can be used to make hydrogen on a large scale. Electrolyzers could be used to convert solar electricity produced by the power tower to hydrogen, but this process is relatively inefficient. Rather, efficiency can be much improved if solar heat is directly converted to hydrogen via a thermochemical process. In the research summarized here, the marriage of a high-temperature (∼1000°C) power tower with a sulfuric acid∕hybrid thermochemical cycle was studied. The concept combines a solar power tower, a solid-particle receiver, a particle thermal energy storage system, and a hybrid-sulfuric-acid cycle. The cycle is “hybrid” because it produces hydrogen with a combination of thermal input and an electrolyzer. This solar thermochemical plant is predicted to produce hydrogen at a much lower cost than a solar-electrolyzer plant of similar size. To date, only small lab-scale tests have been conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of a few of the subsystems and a key immediate issue is demonstration of flow stability within the solid-particle receiver. The paper describes the systems analysis that led to the favorable economic conclusions and discusses the future development path.

Shatnawi, Hashem, Chin Wai Lim y Firas Basim Ismail. "Solar Thermal Power: Appraisal of Solar Power Towers". MATEC Web of Conferences 225 (2018): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822504003.

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This study delves into several engineering procedures related to solar power tower plants. These installations come with central receiver system technologies and high-temperature power cycles. Besides a summary emphasizing on the fundamental components of a solar power tower, this paper also forwards a description of three receiver designs. Namely, these are the tubular receiver, the volumetric receiver and the direct absorber receiver. A variety of heat transfer mediums were assessed, while a comprehensive explanation was provided on the elements of external solar cylindrical receivers. This explanation covers tube material, molten salt, tube diameter and heat flux.

Morosini, Ettore, Giancarlo Gentile, Marco Binotti y Giampaolo Manzolini. "Techno-economic assessment of small-scale solar tower plants with modular billboard receivers and innovative power cycles". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2385, n.º 1 (1 de diciembre de 2022): 012109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2385/1/012109.

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Abstract This work investigates performances and costs of various configurations of 5 MWel solar tower CSP plants, located in Sicily. The design of the plants aims at comparing two solar towers concepts (i.e., a single tower and modular towers), both adopting billboard receivers. A sensitivity on various heat transfer fluids (i.e., solar salt and sodium), storage fluids (solar salt and NaCl-MgCl2) and power block technologies (i.e., steam Rankine and sCO2 cycles) is also proposed. For each investigated plant configuration, tailored numerical models are presented to assess the performances of each plant subsystem (e.g., solar field, receiver, piping system, power cycle). The results show very competitive LCOE (between 160 and 180 $/MWhel), achievable with satisfactory capacity factors (around 55%), while suggesting good profitability levels for such investments in small scale CSP plants.

Falahat, Farah M. y Mohamed R. Gomaa. "A review study on solar tower using different heat transfer fluid". Technology audit and production reserves 5, n.º 1(67) (21 de noviembre de 2022): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2022.267560.

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The object of research is distinguishing the different heat transfer fluids (HTF) in concentrating solar power (CSP). CSP technologies are gaining more attention these years due to the fact that the world is facing significant problems, especially concerning environmental issues and the increasing electricity demand. The world countries are currently committed to mitigating climate change and limiting greenhouse gas emissions to keep the global temperature rising below 2 °C. As a result, renewable energy sources are required for power generation. One of the most widely used technologies is the solar tower, where mirrors reflect solar radiation into a central receiver on top of a tower that contains a working fluid known as heat transfer fluid. The HTF is one of the most important components in solar power tower plants used to transfer and store thermal energy to generate electricity. This study focuses on the HTF used in solar power towers and how it can affect the efficiency of the plant. The HTF discussed in this study are air, water/steam, molten salts, liquid sodium, and supercritical CO2. Among the review of HTFs in the solar tower system, the result of the research shows that the Air can reach the highest temperature while liquid sodium achieves the highest overall plant efficiency.

Zhou, Xinping y Yangyang Xu. "Solar updraft tower power generation". Solar Energy 128 (abril de 2016): 95–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2014.06.029.

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Abdelsalam, Emad, Fares Almomani, Shadwa Ibrahim, Feras Kafiah, Mohammad Jamjoum y Malek Alkasrawi. "A Novel Design of a Hybrid Solar Double-Chimney Power Plant for Generating Electricity and Distilled Water". Sustainability 15, n.º 3 (2 de febrero de 2023): 2729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032729.

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The classical solar chimney offers passive electricity and water production at a low operating cost. However, the solar chimney suffers from high capital cost and low energy output density per construction area. The high capital investment increases the levelized cost of energy (LCOE), making the design less economically competitive versus other solar technologies. This work presents a new noteworthy solar chimney design for high energy density and maximizing water production. This was achieved by integrating a cooling tower with the solar chimney and optimizing the operating mood. The new design operated day and night as a hybrid solar double-chimney power plant (HSDCPP) for continuous electricity and water production. During the daytime, the HSDCPP operated as a cooling tower and solar chimney, while during the night, it operated as a cooling tower. The annual energy output from the cooling towers and solar chimney (i.e., the HSDCPP) totaled 1,457,423 kWh. The annual energy production from the cooling towers alone was 1,077,134 kWh, while the solar chimney produced 380,289 kWh. The annual energy production of the HSDCPP was ~3.83-fold greater than that of a traditional solar chimney (380,289 kWh). Furthermore, the HSDCPP produced 172,344 tons of fresh water per year, compared with zero tons in a traditional solar chimney. This led to lower overall capital expenditures maximizing energy production and lower LCOE.

Abu-Hamdeh, Nidal H. y Khaled A. Alnefaie. "The First Solar Power Tower System in Saudi Arabia". Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (octubre de 2014): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.123.

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This article is about designing and building a small scale prototype tower system to gather solar energy and store it in a molten salt tank. The system consists of several heliostats directing incident solar rays to a receiver at the top of a tower. It is intended to establish highly reputable research and development facility in solar thermal energy systems. A thorough investigation in the field of building and utilizing solar tower system was conducted. The authors studied and presented the current state of art of the technological developments concerning the solar tower systems and an assessment of their advantages and disadvantages. The adaptability of CSP (Concentrating Solar Power) power systems to Saudi Arabia climate was closely investigated. A scheme for a pilot solar power plant that it most suited to the conditions of Saudi Arabia was proposed. The next stage will be building, fabrication, and constructing the various subsystems; heliostats, tower, receiver, and storage tank.

Buck, R. y S. Friedmann. "Solar-Assisted Small Solar Tower Trigeneration Systems". Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 129, n.º 4 (27 de marzo de 2007): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2769688.

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Solar-hybrid gas turbine power systems offer a high potential for cost reduction of solar power. Such systems were already demonstrated as test systems. For the market introduction of this technology, microturbines in combination with small solar tower plants are a promising option. The combination of a solarized microturbine with an absorption chiller was studied; the results are presented in this paper. The solar-hybrid trigeneration system consists of a small heliostat field, a receiver unit installed on a tower, a modified microturbine, and an absorption chiller. The components are described, as well as the required modifications for integration to the complete system. Several absorption chiller models were reviewed. System configurations were assessed for technical performance and cost. For a representative site, a system layout was made, using selected industrial components. The annual energy yield in power, cooling, and heat was determined. A cost assessment was made to obtain the cost of electricity and cooling power, and eventually additional heat. Various load situations for electric and cooling power were analyzed. The results indicate promising niche applications for the solar-assisted trigeneration of power, heat, and cooling. The potential for improvements in the system configuration and the components is discussed, also the next steps toward market introduction of such systems.

Rowe, Scott C., Taylor A. Ariko, Kaylin M. Weiler, Jacob T. E. Spana y Alan W. Weimer. "Reversible Molten Catalytic Methane Cracking Applied to Commercial Solar-Thermal Receivers". Energies 13, n.º 23 (26 de noviembre de 2020): 6229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236229.

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When driven by sunlight, molten catalytic methane cracking can produce clean hydrogen fuel from natural gas without greenhouse emissions. To design solar methane crackers, a canonical plug flow reactor model was developed that spanned industrially relevant temperatures and pressures (1150–1350 Kelvin and 2–200 atmospheres). This model was then validated against published methane cracking data and used to screen power tower and beam-down reactor designs based on “Solar Two,” a renewables technology demonstrator from the 1990s. Overall, catalytic molten methane cracking is likely feasible in commercial beam-down solar reactors, but not power towers. The best beam-down reactor design was 9% efficient in the capture of sunlight as fungible hydrogen fuel, which approaches photovoltaic efficiencies. Conversely, the best discovered tower methane cracker was only 1.7% efficient. Thus, a beam-down reactor is likely tractable for solar methane cracking, whereas power tower configurations appear infeasible. However, the best simulated commercial reactors were heat transfer limited, not reaction limited. Efficiencies could be higher if heat bottlenecks are removed from solar methane cracker designs. This work sets benchmark conditions and performance for future solar reactor improvement via design innovation and multiphysics simulation.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Solar tower power":

Pretorius, Johannes Petrus. "Solar Tower Power Plant Performance Characteristics". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16413.

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Thesis (MScIng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates energy generation by large-scale solar tower power plants. The performance characteristics of a so-called reference plant with a 4000 m diameter glass collector roof and a 1500 m high, 160 m diameter tower are determined for a site located in South Africa. The relevant draught and conservation equations are derived, discretized and implemented in a numerical model which solves the equations using speci ed meteorological input data and determines the power delivered by the plant. The power output of a solar tower power plant over a twenty-four hour period is presented. Corresponding temperature distributions in the ground under the collector are shown. Variations in seasonal generation are evaluated and the total annual electrical output is determined. The dependency of the power output on collector diameter and tower height is illustrated, while showing that greater power production can be facilitated by optimizing the roof shape and height. The minor in uence of the tower shadow falling across the collector is evaluated, while the e ect of prevailing winds on the power generated is found to be signi cant.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek elektrisiteitsopwekking deur grootskaalse sontoringkragstasies. Die uitsetkarakteristieke van 'n sogenaamde verwysings-kragstasie met 'n 4000 m deursnee glas kollektor en 'n 1500 m hoë, 160 m deursnee toring word ondersoek vir 'n spesi eke ligging in Suid-Afrika. Die toepaslike trek- en behoudsvergelykings word afgelei, gediskretiseer en geimplementeer in 'n numeriese rekenaarmodel. Die rekenaarmodel los die betrokke vergelykings op deur gebruik te maak van gespesi seerde meteorologiese invoerdata en bepaal dan die uitset gelewer deur die kragstasie. Die uitset van 'n sontoring-kragstasie oor 'n periode van vier-en-twintig uur word getoon. Ooreenstemmende temperatuurverdelings in die grond onder die kollektor word geïllustreer. Die variasie in seisoenale elektrisiteitsopwekking word ondersoek en die totale jaarlikse elektriese uitset bepaal. Die invloed wat die kragstasie dimensies (kollektor deursnee en toring hoogte) op die uitset het, word bestudeer en resultate getoon. Daar is ook bevind dat verhoogde uitset meegebring kan word deur die vorm en hoogte van die kollektordak te optimeer. Die geringe e ek van die toringskadu op die kollektor word bespreek, terwyl bevind is dat heersende winde 'n beduidende e ek op die kragstasie uitset het.

Stalin, Maria Jebamalai Joseph. "Receiver Design Methodology for Solar Tower Power Plants". Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192664.

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Centrala solmottagarsystem (CRS) är på frammarsch på grund av deras höga koncentrationsfaktor och höga potential att minska kostnaderna genom att öka kapacitetsfaktorn av solkraftanläggningar med lagring. I CRS kraftanläggningar är solljuset fokuserat på mottagaren genom arrangemanget av tusentals speglar för att omvandla solstrålning till värme för att driva värmecykler. Solmottagare används för att överföra värmeflux från solen till arbetsmediet. Generellt arbetar solmottagare i driftpunkter med hög temperatur och därför genereras strålningsförluster. Vidare har solmottagaren en betydande påverkan på den totala kostnaden för kraftverket. Således har konstruktion och modellering av mottagaren en signifikant påverkan på kraftanläggningseffektivitet och kostnad. Målet med detta examensarbete är att utveckla en designmetodik för att beräkna geometrin hos solmottagaren och dess verkningsgrad. Denna designmetodik riktar sig främst till stora kraftverk i området 100 MWe, men även skalbarheten av designmetoden har studerats. Den utvecklade konstruktionsmetoden implementerades i in-house designverktyg devISEcrs som även integrerar andra moduler som modellerar solspegelfält, lagring och kraftblocket för att beräkna den totala kraftverksverkningsgraden. Designmodeller för de andra komponenterna är delvis redan implementerade, men de är modifierade och/eller utvidgade för att integrera den nya CRS mottagarmodellen. Slutligen har hela mottagarmodellen validerats genom att jämföra resultaten med testdata från litteraturen.
Central Receiver Systems (CRS) are gaining momentum because of their high concentration and high potential to reduce costs by means of increasing the capacity factor of the plant with storage. In CRS plants, sunlight is focused onto the receiver by the arrangement of thousands of mirrors to convert the solar radiation into heat to drive thermal cycles. Solar receivers are used to transfer the heat ﬂux received from the solar ﬁeld to the working ﬂuid. Generally, solar receivers work in a high-temperature environment and are therefore subjected to diﬀerent heat losses. Also, the receiver has a notable impact on the total cost of the power plant. Thus, the design and modelling of the receiver has a signiﬁcant inﬂuence on eﬃciency and the cost of the plant. The goal of the master thesis is to develop a design methodology to calculate the geometry of the receiver and its eﬃciency. The design methodology is mainly aimed at large-scale power plants in the range of 100 MWe, but also the scalability of the design method has been studied. The developed receiver design method is implemented in the in-house design tool devISEcrs and also it is integrated with other modules like solar ﬁeld, storage and power block to calculate the overall eﬃciency of the power plant. The design models for other components are partly already implemented, but they are modiﬁed and/or extended according to the requirements of CRS plants. Finally, the entire receiver design model is validated by comparing the results of test cases with the data from the literature.

Avapak, Sukunta. "Failure mode analysis on concentrated solar power (CSP) plants : a case study on solar tower power plant". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/102375/1/Sukunta_Avapak_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis is an investigation of critical failure modes of solar tower power system in concentrated solar power (CSP) technology. The thesis evaluated the causes and impacts of failure on the major components and apply the failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) to CSP solar tower system. This research proposed an alternative method to overcome the limitations of Risk Priority Number (RPN) from traditional FMEA. A case study applies the proposed approach to CSP solar tower system for a better prioritization of failure mode in order to reduce the risk of failures.

Björkman, Nils. "Heliostat Design". Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-157159.

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A heliostat is a motorized mirror used in a Solar Power Tower plant. The technology has been around since the 1970’s, and involves hundreds or thousands of heliostats reflecting the sun’s rays to the top of a high tower, where the incident solar energy is converted to heat energy, which in turn is used to drive steam turbines and produce electricity. Demonstration plants have been built in the U.S.A. and Spain, and a number of new facilities have been added since 2005. To achieve a commercial breakthrough, the technology must be made more efficient so that electricity can be produced at prices comparable with other options such as wind, photovoltaic, nuclear and coal. A critical component in the economics of the Solar Power Tower plant is the cost of the heliostat, which is estimated to account for approximately 50 % of the investment cost of the total plant. This report deals with the heliostat from a multifaceted perspective. Different design approaches are explained. First, mirror geometries, with manufacturing dimensions, for a rotation-symmetric paraboloid-shaped mirror-assembly are obtained for mirrors with different sizes with a Matlab code. Investigating wind loads are among the most important tasks in a heliostat development project, as large wind loads radically complicates the design work. A wind load calculation-method based on previous work by Sandia National Laboratories and finite element method (FEM) is used in this work to design heliostats to withstand expected wind loading. The design of the geometry and the structure to withstand wind loading is illustrated with two azimuth elevation heliostats (25 m 2 and 49 m2). Finally, a number of innovative technical solutions are suggested. These are a new mirror facet mounting technique, sliding bearings, elevation drive, and a very unique azimuth motor module, which uses steel wires as belts with an integrated brake. It is hoped that the results and designs presented in this thesis will be a good foundation for further research in the heliostat structures and heliostat controls at the Robotics lab in IISc and elsewhere. Keywords: Solar Power, Heliostat, Thermal solar power, Solar Power Tower, Central Receiver System
En heliostat är en motordriven spegel som används i tornsolkraftverk, kända som Solar Power Tower, även kallade Central Receiver system. Tekniken har funnits sedan 1970-talet och går ut på att hundratals eller tusentals heliostater speglar solstrålarna till toppen av ett högt torn, där stålningsenergin omvandlas till värmeenergi, som t.ex. kan användas till att driva ångturbiner och producera elektricitet. Demonstrationsanläggningar har byggts i bland annat USA och Spanien, och ett flertal nya installationer har tillkommit sedan år 2005. För att verkligen nå ett kommersiellt genombrott måste tekniken göras billigare så att solelen kan produceras till minst lika bra pris som andra alternativ, så som t.ex. solceller, kärnkraft och kolkraft. En kritisk komponent för tornsolkraftverkens ekonomi är kostnaden för heliostaterna, som beräknas stå för ungefär 50 % av anläggningens totala investeringskostnad. Den här rapporten avhandlar heliostaten ur ett mångfacetterat perspektiv där olika konstruktionsspår förklaras. Vidare behandlar rapporten spegelgeometrier, och en Matlab-kod som genererar tillverkningsmått för en rotationssymmetrisk paraboloidformad spegelyta finns bifogad. Att undersöka vindlaster är bland det viktigaste i ett heliostatutvecklingsprojekt, eftersom dessa är de dimensionerande lasterna för designarbetet. Här används en vindlastberäkningsmetod utgiven av Sandia National Laboratories, som kortfattat går ut på att man multiplicerar det dynamiska vindtrycket med en korrigeringsfaktor som baserats på emiriska studier av heliostatmodeller i vindtunnel. En dimensioneringsprocess för heliostater föreslås och utvecklingsgången för två Azimut-Elevation heliostater i storlek 25 m 2 resp. 49 m2 demonstreras. FEM-mjukvara nyttjas som det främsta verktyget för att dimensionera heliostatkonstruktioner som kan stå emot vindlasterna. Slutligen ges förslag på innovativa tekniska lösningar för spegelmontering, glidlager, montering av elevation-motorerna, och en unik azimut-motormodul, vilken använder stålvajrar som remmar och har en integrerad broms. Med all denna information bör Robotics Lab på IISc ha en god grund att stå på inför vidare forskning inom konstruktion och styrning av heliostater. Nyckelord: Solenergi, Heliostat, Termisk solenergi, Solar Power Tower, Tornsolkraftverk

Slootweg, Marcel. "Numerical performance analysis of novel solar tower receiver". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/70354.

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Concern over the altering climate due to the release of anthropogenic greenhouse gases has caused a major shift in the developments of ways to minimise human impact on the climate. Solar energy is seen as one of the most promising sources to transform the energy market for low-carbon energy generation. Currently, solar power is generated via photovoltaic (PV) and concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies. The advantage of CSPs to scale up renewable energy to utility level, as well as to store thermal energy for electrical power generation when the sun is not available (after sunset or during cloudy periods) makes this technology an attractive option for sustainable clean energy. CSP development, however, is still in its infancy, and for it to be a competitive form of energy-generation technology, techno-economic developments in this field need to improve the efficiency and decrease the costs of this technology. A policy report by the European Academies’ Science Advisory Council (EASAC) (2011) indicated that central receiver (solar tower) CSP systems show the greatest margin for technological improvements (40% to 65% is estimated), and that an improvement in receiver technology could make the greatest contribution to increase efficiency. This study therefore focused on analysing the optical and thermal performance of a new proposed solar cavity molten salt receiver design for a central receiver CSP system using a numerical approach. In this study, the receiver’s performance was analysed by first selecting an existing heliostat field, Planta Solar 10 (PS-10). For the numerical analysis to reflect conditions that are as realistic as possible, numerical models for different aspects were selected and validated. For modelling the sun, the solar tracking numerical model proposed by Iqbal (1983) was selected and implemented after literature and comparison showed adequate results. The direct normal irradiation (DNI) was modelled by applying a clear sky model, with the parameterisation model C proposed by Iqbal (1983) as the chosen model. The variables in this model that were subject to temperature, and humidity values were more accurately presented by adding numerical approximations of the region’s actual weather data. The DNI model reflected realistic fluctuations. For the thermal modelling, a validation study was conducted on impingement flow heat transfer to select an appropriate Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model that would provide accurate results when conducting the thermal performance test on the receiver. The study concluded that the transitional Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model performed the best. A new method was also developed and validated that allows one to not only simulate complex geometries within the Monte Carlo ray tracing environment SolTrace, but also to apply the results obtained by simulating this model as a heat source within the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) environment ANSYS Fluent. This allows SolTrace modelling to be more accurate, since models do not need to be approximated to simple geometries. It also provides an alternative for solar modelling in ANSYS Fluent. The optical analysis was conducted by first performing an analysis on the receiver aperture and studying its sensitivity on the captured flux. This was followed by analysing the optics of the proposed receiver, the flux distributions on a simplified absorber surface area, and how these distributions are altered by changing some parameters. An in-depth analysis was finally done on the absorber area by applying the aforementioned model to simulate complex geometries within SolTrace, with the results illustrating the difference of the detailed geometry on optical modelling. An alternative receiver design with improved optical features was proposed, with an initial study providing promising results. The thermal analysis was done within the CFD environment, with only a section of the absorber surface area considered, and by applying the solar flux simulated during the optical analysis as heat source within the geometry model. This allowed the model to simulate the effects of re-radiation at the surface of the absorber while simulating the heat transfer at the fluid molten salt side simultaneously. The results showed that, for the current design and requirements, the absorber surface temperature reaches impractical temperatures. Altering the design or being more lenient on the requirements has, however, shown dramatic improvements in terms of thermal performance. Sensitivity studies for both the optical and thermal analyses have shown that changes in design can dramatically improve the performance of the design, making it a possible feasible receiver design for central receiver systems.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
National Research Foundation (NRF)
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted

Ferruzza, Davide. "Thermocline storage for concentrated solar power : Techno-economic performance evaluation of a multi-layered single tank storage for Solar Tower Power Plant". Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172456.

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Solar Tower Power Plants with thermal energy storage are a promising technology for dispatchable renewable energy in the near future. Storage integration makes possible to shift the electricity production to more profitable peak hours. Usually two tanks are used to store cold and hot fluids, but this means both higher related investment costs and difficulties during the operation of the variable volume tanks. Another solution can be a single tank thermocline storage in a multi-layered configuration. In such tank both latent and sensible fillers are employed to decrease the related cost by up to 30% and maintain high efficiencies. The Master thesis hereby presented describes the modelling and implementation of a thermocline-like multi-layered single tank storage in a STPP. The research work presents a comprehensive methodology to determine under which market structures such devices can outperform the more conventional two tank storage systems. As a first step the single tank is modelled by means of differential energy conservation equations. Secondly the tank geometrical design parameters and materials are taken accordingly with the applications taken into consideration. Both the steady state and dynamic models have been implemented in an existing techno-economic tool developed in KTH, in the CSP division (DYESOPT). The results show that under current cost estimates and technical limitations the multi-layered solid PCM storage concept is a better solution when peaking operating strategies are desired, as it is the case for the two-tier South African tariff scheme. In this case the IRR of an optimal designed power plant can be decreased by 2.1%. However, if a continuous operation is considered, the technology is not always preferred over the two tank solution, yet is a cheaper alternative with optimized power plants. As a result the obtained LCOE can be decreased by 2.4%.

Desai, Ranjit. "Thermo-Economic Analysis of a Solar Thermal Power Plant with a Central Tower Receiver for Direct Steam Generation". Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-131764.

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Ertl, Felix. "Exergoeconomic Analysis and Benchmark of a Solar Power Tower with Open Air Receiver Technology". Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-101320.

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Stockinger, Christopher Allen. "Numerical Analysis of Airflow and Output of Solar Chimney Power Plants". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71670.

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Computational fluid dynamics was used to simulate solar chimney power plants and investigate modeling techniques and expected energy output from the system. The solar chimney consists of three primary parts: a collector made of a transparent material such as glass, a tower made of concrete located at the center of the collector, and a turbine that is typically placed at the bottom of the tower. The collector absorbs solar radiation and heats the air below, whereby air flows inward towards the tower. As air exits at the top of the tower, more air is drawn below the collector repeating the process. The turbine converts pressure within the flow into power. The study investigated three validation cases to numerically model the system properly. Modeling the turbine as a pressure drop allows for the turbine power output to be calculated while not physically modeling the turbine. The numerical model was used to investigate air properties, such as velocity, temperature, and pressure. The results supported the claim that increasing the energy into the system increased both the velocities and temperatures. Also, increasing the turbine pressure drop decreases the velocities and increases the temperatures within the system. In addition to the numerical model, analytical models representing the vertical velocity without the turbine and the maximum power output from a specific chimney were used to investigate the effects on the flow when varying the geometry. Increasing the height of the tower increased the vertical velocity and power output, and increasing the diameter increased the power output. Dimensionless variables were used in a regression analysis to develop a predictive equation for power output. The predictive equation was tested with new simulations and was shown to be in very good agreement.
Master of Science

Nithyanandam, Karthik. "Investigations on Latent Thermal Energy Storage for Concentrating Solar Power". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23189.

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Thermal energy storage (TES) in a concentrating solar power (CSP) plant allows for continuous operation even during times when solar radiation is not available, thus providing a reliable output to the grid. Energy can be stored either as sensible heat or latent heat, of which latent heat storage is advantageous due to its high volumetric energy density and the high Rankine cycle efficiency owing to the isothermal operation of latent thermal energy storage (LTES) system. Storing heat in the form of latent heat of fusion of a phase change material (PCM), in addition to sensible heat, significantly increases the energy density, thus potentially reducing the storage size and cost. However, a major technical barrier to the use of latent thermal energy of PCM is the high thermal resistance to energy transfer due to the intrinsically low thermal conductivity of PCMs, which is a particularly acute constraint during the energy discharge. Secondly, for integration of TES in CSP plants, it is imperative that the cyclic exergetic efficiency be high, among other requirements, to ensure that the energy extracted from the system is at the maximum possible temperature to achieve higher cycle conversion efficiency in the power block. The first objective is addressed through computational modeling and simulation to quantify the effectiveness of two different approaches to reduce the thermal resistance of PCM in a LTES, viz. (a) developing innovative, inexpensive and passive heat transfer devices that efficiently transfer large amount of energy between the PCM and heat transfer fluid (HTF) and (b) increase the heat transfer area of interaction between the HTF and PCM by incorporating the PCM mixture in small capsules using suitable encapsulation techniques. The second portion of the research focuses on numerical modeling of large scale latent thermal storage systems integrated to a CSP plant with the aforementioned enhancement techniques and cascaded with more than one PCM to maximize the exergetic efficiency. Based on systematic parametric analysis on the various performance metrics of the two types of LTES, feasible operating regimes and design parameters are identified to meet the U.S. Department of Energy SunShot Initiative requirements including storage cost < $15/kWht and exergetic efficiency > 95%, for a minimum storage capacity of 14 h, in order to reduce subsidy-free levelized cost of electricity (LCE) of CSP plants from 21¢/kWh (2010 baseline) to 6¢/kWh, to be on par with the LCE associated with fossil fuel plants.
Ph. D.

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Libros sobre el tema "Solar tower power":

United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Branch, ed. Dynamic characteristics of power-tower space stations with 15-foot truss bays. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1986.

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M, Becker, Böhmer M y Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt., eds. GAST: The Gas-Cooled Solar Tower Technology Program : proceedings of the final presentation, May 30-31, Lahnstein, Federal Republic of Germany. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Zhou, Xinping. Solar Updraft Tower Power Technology. Trans Tech Publications, Limited, 2013.

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Zhou, Xin Ping y Hong Ping Zhu. Solar Updraft Tower Power Technology. Trans Tech Publications, Limited, 2013.

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Zhou, Xin Ping y Hong Ping Zhu. Solar Updraft Tower Power Technology. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/b-vrv9ak.

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Gast the Gas-Cooled Solar Tower Technology Program. Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K, 1989.

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Becker, M. Gast: The Gas Cooled Solar Tower Technology Program : Proceedings of the Final Presentation May 30-31, Lahnstein, Federal Republic of Germany. Springer, 1988.

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Khhanage, Shardul. Solar Power Towers: A Promising Source of Renewable Energy. Independently Published, 2018.

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Fleming, James Rodger. First Woman. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862734.001.0001.

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This book, based on the life and work of Joanne (Gerould) Simpson (1923–2010), charts the history of women in meteorology and the history of tropical meteorology in the context of her long and productive career as pioneer scientist, project leader, and mentor. In 1943 women had no status in meteorology, tropical weather was largely aer incognita, and Joanne Gerould, a new graduate student at the University of Chicago, had just set her sights on understanding the behavior of clouds. Establishing her career in an era of overwhelming marginalization of women in science was no easy matter, and Joanne (who published under three married names and raised three children) had to fight every step of the way. Under the mentorship of Herbert Riehl, she received a PhD degree from Chicago in 1949. Later, while working at Woods Hole, she collaborated with Riehl on their revolutionary and controversial “hot tower” hypothesis that cumulonimbus clouds were the driving force in the tropical atmosphere, providing energy to power the Hadley circulation, the trade winds, and by implication, the global circulation. The mechanism of hot towers alludes to the incessant battle between buoyancy and entrainment in tropical convection, valorizing those clouds that successfully break through the trade wind inversion to soar to the top of the troposphere. The metaphor of hot towers points to the incessant battles Joanne waged between her sky-high aspirations and the dark psychological and institutional forces dragging her down. Yet she prevailed, reaching the pinnacle of personal and professional accomplishment, especially in her years at NASA, as she conditioned the atmosphere for further breakthroughs for women in science. She is best remembered as a pioneer woman scientist, the best tropical scientist of her generation.

Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Solar tower power":

Alexopoulos, Spiros y Bernhard Hoffschmidt. "Concentrating Receiver Systems (Solar Power Tower)". En Solar Energy, 29–71. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5806-7_677.

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Alexopoulos, Spiros y Bernhard Hoffschmidt. "Concentrating Receiver Systems concentrating receiver system (CRS) (Solar Power Tower) solar power tower". En Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 2349–91. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_677.

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Moukhtar, Ibrahim, Adel Z. El Dein, Adel A. Elbaset y Yasunori Mitani. "Modelling of a Central Tower Receiver Power Plant". En Solar Energy, 57–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61307-5_3.

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Alexopoulos, Spiros y Bernhard Hoffschmidt. "Concentrating Receiver Systems (Solar Power Tower)". En Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 1–49. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2493-6_677-3.

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Alexopoulos, Spiros y Bernhard Hoffschmidt. "Concentrating Receiver Systems (Solar Power Tower)". En Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology Series, 63–110. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1422-8_677.

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Wehowsky, P., D. Stahl, J. de Marcos y L. Crespo. "The Gas-Cooled Solar Tower Project ‘Gast’". En Thermo-Mechanical Solar Power Plants, 433–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5402-1_64.

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Carrizosa, E., C. Domínguez-Bravo, E. Fernández-Cara y M. Quero. "Optimal Design of Solar Power Tower Systems". En Mathematics in Industry, 179–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23413-7_23.

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Utamura, Motoaki, Yutaka Tamaura, Minoru Yuasa, Rina Kajita y Takashi Yamamoto. "Optimal Heliostat Layout for Concentrating Solar Tower Systems". En Challenges of Power Engineering and Environment, 1196–201. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76694-0_223.

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Klaiß, Helmut y Michael Geyer. "Economic Comparison of Solar Power Electricity Generating Systems". En GAST The Gas-Cooled Solar Tower Technology Program, 335–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83559-9_23.

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Yoshikawa, H. y N. Ikeda. "Conceptional Design of Solar Power Plant with Central Receiver Tower Based on Improved Heliostats". En Thermo-Mechanical Solar Power Plants, 86–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5402-1_13.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Solar tower power":

Monemi, Sean, Matt Easton y Chris Freire. "Solar Updraft Tower Project". En ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49125.

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In this project, we designed a small scale model of a solar updraft tower. Our design was based upon previous renderings for solar updraft towers in Spain and Arizona. The purpose of our small scale solar updraft tower was twofold: 1) to prove the theory behind the solar updraft tower is plausible and 2) to produce enough energy to charge a battery storage system. The battery storage system would be used as a backup for fault conditions in our Smart Grid system. Our main objectives were to find optimal dimensions and materials to construct our solar updraft tower, all within the constraints of a budget. Our goal was to use what we’ve learned through design and testing to expand the knowledge of solar updraft towers.

Convery, Mark R. "Closed-loop control for power tower heliostats". En SPIE Solar Energy + Technology, editado por Kaitlyn VanSant y Raed A. Sherif. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.898564.

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Kolb, Gregory J., Richard B. Diver y Nathan Siegel. "Central-Station Solar Hydrogen Power Plant". En ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76052.

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Solar power towers can be used to make hydrogen on a large scale. Electrolyzers could be used to convert solar electricity produced by the power tower to hydrogen, but this process is relatively inefficient. Rather, efficiency can be much improved if solar heat is directly converted to hydrogen via a thermochemical process. In the research summarized here, the marriage of a high-temperature (∼1000 °C) power tower with a sulfuric acid/hybrid thermochemical cycle (SAHT) was studied. The concept combines a solar power tower, a solid-particle receiver, a particle thermal energy storage system, and a hybrid-sulfuric-acid cycle. The cycle is “hybrid” because it produces hydrogen with a combination of thermal input and an electrolyzer. This solar thermochemical plant is predicted to produce hydrogen at a much lower cost than a solar-electrolyzer plant of similar size. To date, only small lab-scale tests have been conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of a few of the subsystems and a key immediate issue is demonstration of flow stability within the solid-particle receiver. The paper describes the systems analysis that led to the favorable economic conclusions and discusses the future development path.

Yang, Huiqiang, Yan Xu, Alberto Acosta-Iborra y Domingo Santana. "Solar tower enhanced natural draft dry cooling tower". En SOLARPACES 2016: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4984393.

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Alexopoulos, Spiros, Bernhard Hoffschmidt, Christoph Rau y Johannes Sattler. "Simulation of Hybrid Solar Tower Power Plants". En ISES Solar World Congress 2011. Freiburg, Germany: International Solar Energy Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18086/swc.2011.25.03.

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Neises, Ty y Michael J. Wagner. "Simulation of Direct Steam Power Tower Concentrated Solar Plant". En ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91364.

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Power tower concentrated solar plants have the potential to reach temperatures higher than those achievable by a parabolic trough plant. These higher temperatures allow for greater power cycle efficiencies and therefore make power towers an attractive option and a growing topic of research. One common design is to pump water through the tower such that it boils and returns to the power cycle as saturated or superheated vapor. One option to increase power cycle efficiency for a direct steam system is to send the steam exiting the high pressure turbine through a committed reheat receiver section and then through a low pressure turbine. This paper details a new semi-empirical, first-principles thermal model of a direct steam receiver consisting of dedicated boiler, superheater, and reheater sections. This thermal model — integrated with a regression power cycle model and a heliostat field model in SAM — is used to simulate the performance of a direct steam power tower concentrated solar plant and the analysis results are presented.

Buck, Reiner, Thomas Bräuning, Thorsten Denk, Markus Pfänder, Peter Schwarzbözl y Felix Tellez. "Solar-Hybrid Gas Turbine-Based Power Tower Systems (REFOS)". En ASME 2001 Solar Engineering: International Solar Energy Conference (FORUM 2001: Solar Energy — The Power to Choose). American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sed2001-144.

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Abstract Solar hybrid power plants have a significant potential for cost reduction when the solar energy is introduced into a gas turbine system. The introduction in gas turbine systems could be realized with pressurized volumetric air receivers heating the compressed air of the gas turbine before it enters the combustor. A receiver module, consisting of a secondary concentrator and a volumetric receiver unit, was tested at the Plataforma Solar de Almería, Spain. Air exit temperatures up to 815°C and power levels of 410 kW were achieved. Total solar test time summed up to 247 h. Receiver efficiencies were in the range of 70%. A new secondary concentrator with improved efficiency was designed and built. Based on an inexpensive manufacturing technology, the secondary concentrator geometry was optimized to reduce the optical losses. Performance tests with this new secondary and a cold-water calorimeter proved the efficiency increase of about 10%. Maximum operation power was 450 kW at the exit aperture. The incidence-angle depending behaviour showed good agreement with the predictions, as well as the results of a special photographic measurement campaign. Several configurations of solar-hybrid gas turbine cycles in the low to medium power range are examined for performance and costs. The results confirm the promising potential of this technology to reach competitiveness in certain power markets: Results of a comparison between a 30 MW solar-hybrid combined cycle plant and an ISCCS power plant are presented. Future developments for system improvement and cost reduction are discussed.

Han, Wei, Hongguang Jin, Rumou Lin, Yalong Wang y Jianfeng Su. "A Novel Concentrated Solar Power System Hybrid Trough and Tower Collectors". En ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68991.

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Global warming, fossil fuel shortage, and environment pollution are a growing concern on concentrated solar power (CSP) because of the largest amount of energy resource. Parabolic troughs and power towers are state-of-the-art commercial technologies. The primary drawbacks of current CSP technologies are low thermal efficiency and high investment cost. In the current study, a novel CSP system is proposed. This system integrates a solar parabolic trough power system and a solar tower power system. In this hybrid system the tower collectors with high concentration ratio generate high-temperature heat at 574 °C, and the trough collectors with a relative low concentration ratio generate mid-temperature heat at 390 °C. The mid-temperature heat from trough collectors generates steam up to 370 °C. The steam is then superheated and reheated by the high-temperature heat generated by the tower collectors. Compared with an individual solar trough plant, the temperatures of the primary and reheated steam are increased from individual trough plant’s 370 °C in the individual trough plant to 535 °C in the hybrid system, thus increasing the conversion efficiency from heat to power. Based on the simulation results, the annual thermal efficiency of the hybrid system can reach 15.84%, higher by 1.77 and 2.29 percentage points compared with those of the individual solar trough and tower plants. The electricity generation cost of the new system can be decreased by 7.5% to 12.4% compared with that of the individual trough or tower plants. The results obtained in the present study provide a new approach for utilizing solar energy more efficiently and more economically.

Peterseim, Juergen H., Amir Tadros, Udo Hellwig y Stuart White. "Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Plants Using Solar Towers With Thermal Storage to Increase Plant Performance". En ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98121.

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In Australia both natural gas and an excellent solar irradiance are abundant energy sources and its combination is one option to implement concentrating solar power (CSP) systems in Australia’s traditionally low cost electricity market. The recently introduced carbon pricing mechanism in Australia is likely to steer investment towards combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plants. This will also lead to further plants being built in high solar irradiance areas where CSP could provide valuable peak capacity. Hybridisation would enable more competitive power generation than standalone CSP systems as hybrid plants share equipment, such as steam turbine and condenser, therewith lowering the specific investment. This paper investigates the novel hybridization of CCGT and solar tower systems to increase the efficiency of integrated solar combined cycle (ISCC). Currently, all ISCC plants use parabolic trough systems with thermal oil as this technology is most mature. However, increases in plant efficiency, simpler solar tower integration as well as further synergies of solar tower ISCC systems, such as joint use of tower as CCGT stack, are likely to enhance the economic viability of new ISCC plants. In addition to a technical concept description this paper outlines the ideal sites for ISCC plants in Australia and presents a 200MWe ISCC case study with 3h molten salt thermal storage for the conversion of the Port Hedland open cycle gas turbine (OCGT) facility in Western Australia into a solar tower ISCC plant.

Keck, Thomas, Joaquin Gracia, Iban Eizaguirre, Dengke Sun, Markus Balz y Jesus Iriondo. "Solar field experiences from Hami solar tower project". En SOLARPACES 2020: 26th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0086590.

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Informes sobre el tema "Solar tower power":

Author, Not Given. Solar power tower. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), enero de 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1216670.

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ZAVOICO, ALEXIS B. Solar Power Tower Design Basis Document, Revision 0. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), julio de 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/786629.

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McDowell, Michael y Kris Miner. Concentrating Solar Power - Baseload Electricity Solar Tower Final Scientific/Technical Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), noviembre de 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1355408.

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Kearney, D. Utility-Scale Power Tower Solar Systems: Performance Acceptance Test Guidelines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzo de 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1069189.

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Moore, Robert Charles, Nathan Phillip Siegel, Gregory J. Kolb, Milton E. Vernon y Clifford Kuofei Ho. Design considerations for concentrating solar power tower systems employing molten salt. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septiembre de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1008140.

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Ambrosini, Andrea. High-Temperature Solar Selective Coating Development for Power Tower Receivers (Final Report). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), febrero de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1505228.

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Author, Not Given. Assessment of Parabolic Trough and Power Tower Solar Technology Cost and Performance Forecasts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), octubre de 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15005520.

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Sullivan, Robert y Jennifer M. Abplanalp. Visibility and Visual Characteristics of the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System Power Tower Facility. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzo de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1330577.

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Author, Not Given. Executive Summary: Assessment of Parabolic Trough and Power Tower Solar Technology Cost and Performance Forecasts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), octubre de 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15005526.

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Oldinski, Keith. Development of High Temperature (>700°C) molten Salt Pump Technology for Gen3 Solar Power Tower Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), diciembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1866406.

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