Bibliografías temáticas / Soil fauna

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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Soil fauna"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021
Última modificación: 9 de junio de 2025

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Soil fauna"

1

Kudureti, Ayijiamali, Shuai Zhao, Dina Zhakyp, and Changyan Tian. "Responses of soil fauna community under changing environmental conditions." Journal of Arid Land 15, no. 5 (May 2023): 620–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40333-023-0009-4.

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AbstractSoil faunas account for 23% of known animal species and play a crucial role in ecosystem processes such as mineralizing nutrients, regulating microbial community composition, forming soil aggregates, and enhancing primary productivity. However, due to global climate change, population density, community composition, and distribution patterns of soil fauna vary. Understanding the responses of soil fauna to major environmental change facilitate the conservation of biodiversity. Therefore, a review work of recent researches for analysing the effects of key environmental factors on soil fauna, such as warming, drought, food quality, and soil physical-chemical properties was studied. For most species, warming may exert a positive effect on their abundance and population development, however, it can inhibit the survival and reproduction of hibernating species. Drought leads to low soil porosity and water holding capacity, which reduces soil fauna population and changes their community composition. Drought also can reduce the coverage of flora and alter microclimate of the soil surface, which in turn indirectly reduces fauna abundance. Climate warming and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide can reduce litter quality, which will force soil fauna to change their dietary choices (from higher-quality foods to poor quality foods) and reduce reproduction for survival. However, it is still predicted that enhanced species richness of plant (or litter) mixtures will positively affect soil fauna diversity. Habitat loss caused by the deterioration of soil physical-chemical property is primary factor affecting soil fauna. We mainly discuss the threats of increased salinity (a major factor in arid land) to soil fauna and their potential responses to anthropogenic disturbance in saline soils. The increase in soil salinity can override other factors that favour habitat specialists, leading to negative effects on soil fauna. Moreover, we find that more studies are needed to explore the responses of soil fauna in saline soils to human activities. And the relationship of important ecological processes with soil fauna density, community structure, and diversity needs to be redefined.
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Telnov, Dmitry, and Ineta Salmane. "Ecology and Diversity of Urban Pine Forest Soil Invertebrates in Rīga, Latvia / Augsnes Bezmugurkaulnieku Bioloģiskā Daudzveidība Urbānajos Priežu Mežos Rīgā, Latvijā." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 69, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/prolas-2015-0017.

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Abstract A study on ecology and diversity of soil invertebrates of urban pine and mixed pine forests was carried out in seven different sampling plots in Rīga during 2014. Ninety eight soil samples were processed and in total, 40 426 specimens were extracted (of them, 25 237 specimens were identified to species level and 15 189 to order level). Indices (abundance, community similarity etc.) characterising faunal diversity and species communities of Rīga city soil fauna were estimated. The most numerous soil invertebrate groups were Collembola, Oribatida and Mesostigmata, accounting for 95% of all collected animals. There was rather high diversity of soil invertebrates in the disturbed urban forest habitats, but undisturbed soils harbour a greater species richness of mite fauna than disturbed soils.
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Li, Zhiyong, Xi Yang, Wei Long, Ranran Song, Xuchao Zhu, Tongchuan Li, Ming’an Shao, Mingyu Chen, and Miao Gan. "Temperature Mainly Determined the Seasonal Variations in Soil Faunal Communities in Semiarid Areas." Land 13, no. 4 (April 12, 2024): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13040505.

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The implementation of the Grain for Green Project has increased vegetation coverage and provided suitable habitats and food resources for soil fauna, thereby promoting the development of soil faunal communities. Studying seasonal variations in soil fauna communities in different vegetation areas can improve our understanding of the mechanisms that drive soil fauna recovery. We selected five typical artificially restored vegetation habitats, including Populus simonii (POS), Pinus tabulaeformis (PIT), Caragana korshinskii (CAK), Stipa bungeana (STB), and Medicago sativa (MES), and one farmland (Zea mays, FAL) habitat on the Loess Plateau. In this study, soil fauna communities and environmental factors were investigated during spring (May), summer (August), and autumn (November). Among the habitats, the STB habitat had the largest seasonal variation in soil faunal density (from 1173 ind·m−2 in May to 10,743 ind·m−2 in August), and the FAL habitat had the smallest (from 2827 ind·m−2 in August to 5550 ind·m−2 in November). Among the restored vegetation habitats, Acarina (44.89–88.56%) had the highest relative abundance of all taxa. The redundancy analysis (RDA) results showed that among the factors driving seasonal variation in soil animal communities, temperature (47.41%) was the most important, followed by precipitation (22.60%). In addition, the dominant groups, Acarina and Collembola, played an influential role in seasonal variations in soil faunal density. Temperature mainly determined the seasonal variations in soil faunal communities. Seasonal factors should be considered when conducting soil fauna research, as they contribute to biodiversity conservation and regional ecological management in the Loess Plateau.
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Acosta, J. A., S. Martinez-Martinez, A. Faz, J. M. Van Mourik, and J. M. Arocena. "Micromorphological and Chemical Approaches to Understand Changes in Ecological Functions of Metal-Impacted Soils under Various Land Uses." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2011 (2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/521329.

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We investigated the changes in faunal activities as measures of the ecological functions of soils impacted by potentially toxic metals (PTMs) under urban, industrial, agricultural, and natural uses. Concentrations and distributions of Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Mn, and Fe were estimated by sequential chemical extractions, while relicts and present faunal activities were studied by micromorphological analyses. Urban and natural lands were contaminated with Pb, Cd, and Zn. Microarthropods and fungi are observed to be active in the litter decomposition in natural, agricultural and urban lands which indicates that total concentration of PTMs in soils is not a good indicator to evaluate the limitations of PTMs to fauna activity. Metals immobilization on carbonates and Fe/Mn oxides, and fertilizations reduced the negative effects of metals on faunal activity. Micromorphological analyses showed the impacts of metal on soil ecological functions in industrial site, where the surface soils are devoid of any evidence of faunal activity; likely due to high proportion of Pb and Zn in organic components. Therefore, the impacts of metals in soil fauna activities, hence ecological functions of soils, are best evaluated by the knowledge of metal partitioning on solid phases in combination with observations of fauna activities using micromorphological techniques.
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Zheng, Xiaoxue, Yan Tao, Zhongqiang Wang, Chen Ma, Hong He, and Xiuqin Yin. "Soil macro-fauna respond to environmental variations along a coastal-inland gradient." PeerJ 8 (July 14, 2020): e9532. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9532.

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Varied environmental conditions in coastal-inland zones tend to influence soil faunal communities. However, few studies have focused on the responses of soil fauna to environmental variations along the coastal-inland gradient. In order to better understand the aforementioned responses, a total of 80 soil macro-faunal samples were collected at the five different distances from the coastline of China’s Bohai Bay. The results revealed that the compositions, structural characteristics and diversity of the soil macro-fauna varied among the different habitats. With the increases in the distance from the sea, the individual density, richness and diversity levels of the soil macro-fauna all first increased and then decreased. The individual density, richness and diversity values were all at their maximum at 30 km from the sea. The Edge effect promoted unique and rare soil macro-faunal taxa. Formicidae, Curculionidae and Aphodiidae were found to be the edge taxa. Agelenidae, Liocranidae and Nematocera were considered to be indicator taxa of severe sea effects. Paradoxosomatidae was an indicator taxon of slight effects. Overall, the environmental variations along the coastal-inland gradient were found to have the potential to affect the soil macro-faunal communities, and the different taxa of the soil macro-fauna responded to those variations in different ways. This study further revealed the processes and mechanisms of the sea influencing the soil macro-faunal communities, which had been caused by the coastal-inland gradient. The results of this study also provided a theoretical basis for developing future biodiversity guidelines for coastal ecosystems.
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Li, Xiaoqiang, Xiuqin Yin, Zhenhai Wang, and Weihong Fan. "Interaction between decomposing litter and soil fauna of the Betula ermanii forest floor of the Changbai Mountains, China." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44, no. 12 (December 2014): 1507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2014-0248.

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Soil fauna play a key role in litter decomposition as they influence the litter mass loss rate in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the interaction between decomposing litter and soil fauna has not been adequately addressed. We examine the interaction between different types of decomposing litter and soil fauna on the Betula ermanii Cham. (BE) forest floor of the Changbai Mountains, China, by measuring the mass loss of six litter species groups using litterbags with two sizes of mesh (4 mm and 0.01 mm) during a yearlong experiment. Soil fauna were identified at the order level. We found that soil fauna have a limited effect on litter mass loss at the initial stage of the experiment. Its positive effect became apparent at month 12 of the experiment. After 1 year, soil fauna increased the litter mass loss rate of the high-quality litter of Parasenecio komarovianus (Pojark.) Y.L. Chen (PK) by 7.02% and of the low-quality litter of Rhododendron aureum Georgi (RA) by 25.26%. BE + PK litter was associated with a significantly higher abundance of soil fauna at months 8 and 10 of the experiment and also with a significantly higher richness of soil fauna at month 10 of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, however, the Shannon–Wiener diversity index of soil fauna was not necessarily higher in mixed-species litter. Litter mixing did promote the abundance, richness, and diversity of soil fauna during the warm season in the high-quality litter substrate of BE + PK. Our results illustrate that the impact of soil fauna on the litter mass loss of both single- and mixed-species litterbags ranges from a limited impact to a positive impact as litter mass loss advances. The soil fauna contribute more to the litter mass loss of the low-quality litter with higher C to N ratios than to those with a low C to N ratio. The promoting effect of litter mixing on the soil faunal community composition is only short term and is dependent on substrate quality.
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Lee, KE, and RC Foster. "Soil fauna and soil structure." Soil Research 29, no. 6 (1991): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9910745.

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Significant effects of soil fauna on soil structure are achieved mainly by a few groups among the larger soil invertebrates that are widely distributed and generally present in large numbers. Of these groups the most important are earthworms, termites and ants. The review deals mainly with earthworms, which are distributed throughout all but the coldest and the driest regions of the world. The effects of termites and ants on soil structure are also discussed. These groups of soil animals are also widely distributed, but are most common and most effective in influencing soil structure in tropical and warm temperate regions. A brief section deals with the influence of microarthropods, which are commonly found in large numbers, but because of their small size are unable to make large burrows in the mineral soil horizons, and are largely confined to pre-existing voids in litter and surface soil horizons. Their faecal pellets are granular and largely organic, with little included mineral soil material, and they sometimes make up the major proportion of forest litter layers. Quantitative assessment of the influence of earthworms on soil structure is available, but information on other groups is largely qualitative. The burrows of earthworms contribute to macroporosity and so influence water infiltration and aeration. Anecic species, that live in semi-permanent burrows opening to the soil surface and feed at the surface, provide more or less vertical channels for water infiltration and gas exchange. Endogeic species, that burrow continuously in search of food within the soil, provide more horizontally oriented, frequently extensive and intersecting networks of macropores that promote water movement and gas diffusion. Burrows that penetrate soil surface crusts are particularly important for water entry to the soil. Water movement through pores of the dimensions of earthworm burrows is important only when rainfall or irrigation supplies water at rates that exceed the capacity of the soil surface for capillary uptake. The combination of increase in surface area available for capillary uptake through the burrow walls and of hydraulic pressure resulting from the column of water in a water-filled burrow increases infiltration. Occupied burrows of anecic species may be sealed with soil or plant litter by the resident earthworm when water is ponded on the soil surface, or blocked by the earthworm's body, so as to be ineffective for water infiltration. When burrows are air-filled they provide surfaces that penetrate below ground and facilitate gas exchange.
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Senicovscaia, Irina, Andrei Danilov, and Andriana Danilov. "BIODIVERSITY OF EDAPHIC FAUNA IN GRAY FOREST SOILS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA." Current Trends in Natural Sciences 10, no. 19 (July 31, 2021): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2021.v10i19.018.

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Gray forest soils of the natural ecosystems in the central and northern zones of the Republic of Moldova are the habitat and the source of conservation and reproduction of the edaphic fauna. They represent themselves the standards of the biodiversity for soil invertebrates. Invertebrates sampling was carried out from test cuts by manual sampling of soil layers to the depth of soil fauna occurrence. The main content of invertebrates in gray soils under the forest was in the layer of 0-20 cm. In addition to the Lumbricidae family there were found the species of the Clubionidae, Hydromiidae, Scarabaeidae, Oniscidae, Tortricidae, Julidae, Curculionidae, Carabidae, Geophilidae, Tenebrionidae, Melandryidae and Formicidae families. Species of Eisenia rosea, Euomphalia strigella, Formica rufa, Tortrix viridana, Curculio glandium, Melolontha melolontha and others have been identified in three subtypes of gray forest soils of natural ecosystems. The long use of these soils in agricultural production led to the considerable decrease in the number and biomass of invertebrates and degradation of the faunal complex in general. The number of families decreased from 6-12 to 1-3. Species of Lumbricidae, Elateridae, Tortricidae and Coccinellidae have been found in arable gray forest soils. The trophic pyramids are stable in the typical virgin gray soil. The relationship between trophic levels of the edaphic fauna in the typical gray forest soil is stronger in comparison with albic and molic gray forest soils.
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Crawford, Clifford S. "Desert Soil Fauna." Journal of Arid Environments 8, no. 3 (May 1985): 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-1963(18)31288-6.

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Xue, Huajian, Qiong Wang, Kuncai Mao, Yuanqiu Liu, Xueru Jiang, Philip J. Murray, Lvshui Zhang, and Wei Liu. "Positive Effects of Reforestation on the Diversity and Abundance of Soil Fauna in a Landscape Degraded Red Soil Area in Subtropical China." Forests 13, no. 10 (September 29, 2022): 1596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13101596.

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Serious soil degradation due to human intervention in subtropical China has resulted in a series of ecological problems. Soil fauna is an important part of forest soil ecosystems and plays a vital role in the maintenance of soil quality and can sensitively reflect the soil disturbances caused by human activities. This study assessed the long-term effects of reforestation on the soil fauna community and underground food web. Soil fauna was sampled from plots in a 30-year reforestation positioning test site. Six reforestation models (the pure Schima superba (Ss) forest, pure Liquidambar formosana (Lf) forest, pure Pinus massoniana (Pm) forest, mixed forest of Lf & Ss, mixed forest of Pm & Ss, and the mixed forest of Lf & Pm) were chosen in Taihe County, southern China. The results found that the mixed vegetation restoration of Lf & Pm significantly improved the soil fauna abundance and biomass when compared with other reforestation models in the degraded red soil region. Acari and Collembola accounted for 65.8% and 23.3%, respectively, of the total soil fauna abundance in the region. The mixed forest of Lf & Pm had a positive effect on the abundance of secondary decomposers and micro predators in Acari. Moreover, a significant increase in the abundance of Collembola was found in the Lf & Pm stand type. The stand type with the highest soil faunal population also had a higher soil fauna biomass. Therefore, reforestation in a degraded red soil area had positive effects on the soil fauna community.
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Más fuentes

Tesis sobre el tema "Soil fauna"

1

Southern, Roger L. "The effects of oil spillages on soil fauna." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357081.

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Lindberg, Niklas. "Soil fauna and global change : responses to experimental drought, irrigation, fertilisation and soil warming /." Uppsala : Dept. of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/s270.pdf.

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Zinn, Yuri Lopes. "Textural, mineralogical and structural controls on soil organic carbon retention in the Brazilian Cerrados." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1131381122.

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Bird, Stephanie. "The impact of native and exotic plants on soil biodiversity and ecosystem function." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2016. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/the-impact-of-native-and-exotic-plants-on-soil-biodiversity-and-ecosystem-function(c9707653-095b-4570-83d9-a444585f5b71).html.

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Soil biodiversity is an often overlooked component of global biodiversity, despite being important for supporting soil ecosystem services, notably decomposition processes. As the UK becomes increasingly urbanised, knowledge is required to help gardeners maximise urban green space resources for biodiversity. It is often assumed that non native vegetation has negative impacts on biodiversity, however, this hypothesis has not been tested for soil biodiversity. The overarching aims were to establish whether the geographical origin of vegetation affected soil faunal assemblages and decomposition rates for a UK soil. Traditional taxonomic methods and a molecular phylogenetic approach were used to characterise the Collembola communities of plots planted with vegetation from three geographical regions: ‘Native’, ‘Near native’ and ‘Exotic’. For comparison, additional soil cores were collected from the amenity grassland sites adjacent to the experimental plots, a lowland heath and a semi-natural woodland. No difference was found either in terms of the taxonomic diversity (1-D & H’) or phylogenetic diversity (PD & MPD) for the Collembola, under the different vegetation treatments, although differences in abundance were observed for some taxa (Acari & Collembola). Decomposition rates were assessed for each plot, using both twig (B. pendula) and leaf (Q. robur) litter bags for the soil mesofauna and bait lamina strips for earthworm activity; none of these parameters showed evidence of a vegetation origin effect on decomposition processes. The greatest differences were found when all sites were considered, with distinct Collembola communities found at each of the habitats; the semi-natural habitats had greater Collembola species diversity than the experimental plots, however, the decomposition rates of the latter were significantly higher. The implications of all results have been discussed with regards to the management of gardens for soil biodiversity, reaching the conclusion that vegetation origin is not of paramount importance.
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Malmström, Anna. "Effects of wildfire and prescribed burning on soil fauna in boreal coniferous forests /." Uppsala : Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/2006111.pdf.

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Lindberg, Niklas. "Impact of climate change on soil fauna diversity : effects of experimental drought, irrigation, soil warming and nutrient addition /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2001. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2001/99-3576673-X.pdf.

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Alves, Paulo Roger Lopes. "Avaliação ecotoxicológica da vinhaça de cana-de-açúcar no solo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11140/tde-30042015-145435/.

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O uso da vinhaça de cana-de-açúcar na fertirrigação de solos agrícolas, além de ser uma boa opção para o descarte do resíduo, gera vantagens econômicas. Embora, há anos, este tipo de efluente seja amplamente aplicado em áreas agrícolas, pouco se sabe sobre seus riscos ecológicos para os organismos do solo. Neste estudo, os efeitos de duas vinhaças provenientes de usinas destilatórias diferentes (VA e VB), e outra derivada de uma destilação em laboratório (VC), sobre a fauna e microbiota do solo, foram avaliados em dois Latossolos (LV e LVA) e em um Solo Artificial Tropical (SAT). Concentrações crescentes das vinhaças foram aplicadas nos três solos para avaliar os efeitos sobre a reprodução e comportamento de espécies da fauna, bem como os efeitos dos efluentes sobre a biomassa microbiana de carbono (BMC), respiração basal (C-CO2), atividade da enzima desidrogenase (DHA), colonização de raízes de cana-de-açúcar por fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) e estrutura da comunidade bacteriana foram avaliados nos Latossolos LV e LVA. Para a fauna do solo, as vinhaças das usinas destilatórias foram consideradas as mais tóxicas, uma vez que os solos tratados com estes efluentes foram evitados pelas minhocas e colêmbolos, assim como a reprodução de todas as espécies foi reduzida em pelo menos um, entre os solos testados. A vinhaça originada em laboratório não causou fuga nos organismos testados e somente reduziu a reprodução de minhocas e enquitreídeos em SAT e LVA, respectivamente. Os ácaros foram os organismos menos sensíveis à presença das vinhaças. O crescimento (BMC) e metabolismo microbiano (C-CO2) aumentaram na presença de todas as vinhaças, assim como também houve incremento na colonização dos FMA nas raízes, em LVA. Entretanto, a estrutura da comunidade bacteriana foi alterada na presença das vinhaças, ocorrendo, inclusive, reduções da riqueza e diversidade, bem como aumentos da dominância de alguns grupos bacterianos no solo LV. A toxicidade das vinhaças para a fauna foi atribuída, principalmente, ao alto teor de sais, em especial ao potássio. Contudo, sugeriu-se que os aumentos no crescimento e metabolismo microbiano foram decorrentes do aumento da matéria orgânica e de outros nutrientes, adicionados ao solo pelas vinhaças. As alterações na colonização dos FMA nas raízes de cana-de-açúcar e na estrutura da comunicade bacteriana também podem ter sido influenciadas pelo acrécimo de nutrientes no solo, ou foram respostas a elementos ou substâncias poluidores presentes nas vinhaças, como, por exemplo, o excesso de potássio, ou outros aditivos utilizados durante a fermentação. Estes resultados indicam que critérios de proteção para organismos do solo devem ser considerados na derivação das doses de vinhaça de cana-de-açúcar aplicadas em solos tropicais.<br>The use of vinasse of cane sugar in ferti-igation of agricultural soils is a good option for disposal of this waste and generates economic advantages. This type of waste has been applied to agricultural soil for many years; however, there is little information about its ecotoxicological risks on soil organisms. In this study, the effects of two vinasse from different distillerie plants (VA and VB), and another from a laboratory distillation (VC) on the soil fauna and soil microorganisms were evaluated in two Oxisols (LV and LVA) and in a Tropical Artificial Soil (TAS). Increasing concentrations of these vinasses were applied to the soils to assess the effects on the behavior and reproduction of fauna species, and the effects of the effluents on microbial biomass carbon (MBC), basal respiration (C-CO2), dehydrogenase activity (DHA), colonization by mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and on the structure of the bacterial community were evaluated in the Oxisols. For the soil fauna, the vinasses from commercial distilleries proved to be the most toxic: earthworms and collembolans avoided the soils that were contaminated with these vinasses, and the reproduction of all organisms was reduced in at least one of the soils. The vinasse from the laboratory did not promote any avoidance behavior in the tested organisms and only reduced the reproduction of earthworms and enchytraeids in TAS and LVA soil, respectively. Mites were the least sensitive organisms to the vinasses. Microbial growth (MBC) and metabolism (C-CO2, DHA) increased in the presence of all the vinasses, and there was an increase in the AMF colonization of sugar-cane roots. The structure of the soil bacterial community was significantly modified by all the vinasses, with richness and diversity reductions, and increases of the dominance of bacterial groups. For the soil fauna the toxicity was attributed mainly to the high salt contents, especially to the potassium content in the vinasses. However, the increases in microbial growth and metabolism were attributed to the additional organic carbon and other nutrients added into the soils by the wastes. Changes in colonization by AMF and on the bacterial community may also have been influenced by the nutrient increase; however, these were especially considered microbial responses to the polluting elements/substances in the vinasses, as high potassium content, antibiotics or other substances added during the fermentation process. These results indicate that protection criteria for soil organisms should be considered during the derivation of the application limits of sugarcane vinasse in tropical soils.
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Nhamo, Nhamo. "The contribution of different fauna communities to improved soil health : a case of Zimbabwean soils under conservation agriculture." Bonn ZEF, 2007. http://www.zef.de/fileadmin/webfiles/downloads/zefce̲cologyd̲evelopment/EDS56N̲hamot̲ext.pdf.

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Batista, Itaynara [UNESP]. "Relação entre macrofauna, agregação e atributos edáficos em sequência de culturas sob plantio direto." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134005.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-05T18:29:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-04-27. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-02-05T18:33:17Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000858636.pdf: 1625386 bytes, checksum: f780626b836aa2024118438b39cf66cc (MD5)<br>O sistema de plantio direto (PD) é apresentado como técnica agrícola que melhora as propriedades químicas, físicas e biológicas do solo. No entanto, ainda permanecem muitas questões quanto ao efeito do tipo e sequência de culturas sobre as interações planta-organismos-solo. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito de sequências de culturas em sistema de plantio direto na comunidade da macrofauna edáfica e nas características químicas e físicas dos agregados em duas épocas de avaliação, seca e chuvosa em áreas de domínio morfológico de Mata Atlântica. As hipóteses testadas foram: i) a rotação de culturas com espécies de gramíneas/leguminosas (milho/soja) favorece a formação dos agregados de diferentes tipos morfológicos com diferentes características físicas e químicas, devido à atuação de raízes e a seleção alimentar pela macrofauna do solo; ii) a época de avaliação promove mudanças no ambiente para a formação dos agregados em função da cultura recente e da sazonalidade; iii) os agentes biológicos (macrofauna e raízes) alteram a dinâmica da matéria orgânica associada aos agregados do solo, devido à seleção alimentar pela macrofauna e pela atuação de raízes; iv) a rotação de gramíneas/leguminosas promove maior riqueza de indivíduos, uniformidade da macrofauna edáfica, maior abundância de grupos decompositores de matéria orgânica e engenheiros do ecossistema quando comparada com gramíneas ou com leguminosas, devido a melhoria na disponibilidade de recursos alimentares. O experimento foi realizado sob PD em Jaboticabal - SP, os tratamentos analisados foram: monocultura de soja (leguminosa) no verão e crotalária (leguminosa) na entressafra (S-C), monocultura de milho (gramínea) no verão e milho na entressafra (M-M), rotação soja/milho no verão e uma milho na entressafra (S/M-M) e rotação soja/milho no verão e crotalária ...<br>The no-tillage system (NT) is presented as an agricultural technique that improves the chemical, physical and biological soil properties. However, many questions still remain as to the effect of the type and sequence of cultures on plantsoil- organisms interactions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of crop sequences in no-tillage system in the community of soil macrofauna and chemical and physical characteristics of aggregates in two evaluation periods, dry and wet in areas of morphological domain of Atlantic Forest. The hypotheses tested were: e) crop rotation with species of grass/legumes (corn/soybean) favors the formation of aggregates of different morphological types with different physical and chemical characteristics, due to the action of roots and food selection by soil macrofauna; ii) the evaluation period promotes changes in the environment for the formation of aggregates due to the recent culture and seasonality; iii) biological agents (macrofauna and roots) alter the dynamics of organic matter associated with soil aggregates due to food selection by macrofauna and action of roots; iv) the rotation of grass/legumes promotes greater richness of individuals, uniformity of soil macrofauna, greater abundance of groups decomposers of organic matter and engineers of the ecosystem when compared to grasses or legumes, due to improvement in the availability of food resources. The experiment was conducted under NT in Jaboticabal - SP, the treatments analyzed were: soybean monoculture (legume) in the summer and sun hemp (legume) in the off season (S-SH), corn monoculture (grass) in the summer and corn in the off season (C-C), rotation soybean/corn in the summer and a corn in the off season (S/C-C) and rotation soybean/corn in the summer and sun hemp in the off-season (S/C-SH). The sampling was carried out in August 2012 and March 2013. ...
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Friberg, Hanna. "Persistence of Plasmodiophora brassicae : influence of non-host plants, soil fauna and organic material /." Uppsala : Dept. of Entomology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://epsilon.slu.se/2005115.pdf.

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Libros sobre el tema "Soil fauna"

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Khotʹko, Ė I. Pochvennai͡a︡ fauna Belarusi. Minsk: "Navuka i tėkhnika", 1993.

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Bahuguna, V. K. Tropical forest ecosystem soil fauna in sub-tropics. Dehra Dun, India: International Book Distributors, 1991.

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Eisenbeis, Gerhard. Atlas on the biology of soil arthropods. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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K, Veeresh G., Rajagopal D, Viraktamath C. A, and International Soil Zoology Colloquium (10th : 1988 : Bangalore, India), eds. Advances in management and conservation of soil fauna. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Pub. Co., 1991.

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Setälä, Heikki. Effects of soil fauna on decomposition and nutrient dynamics in coniferous forest soil. Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 1990.

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United States. Bureau of Land Management. Jarbidge Resource Area. Watershed activity plan: Hagerman Fauna Site. [Boise, Idaho]: [Bureau of Land Management], Jarbidge Resource Area, Boise District, 1985.

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Lagerlöf, Jan. Ecology of soil fauna in arable land: Dynamics and activity of microarthropods and enchytraeids in four cropping systems. Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Ecology and Environmental Research, 1987.

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Hazra, A. K. Ecology of subterrenean macro and micro arthropod fauna in different degraded and polluted soil environment of West Bengal, India. Calcutta: Zoological Survey of India, 1990.

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United States. Bureau of Land Management. Hagerman Fauna Sites National Natural Landmark: Interim management plan. Boise, Idaho?]: [U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management], 1985.

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Vatsauliya, P. K. Ecological studies on jhum fallows (Meghalaya) with particular reference to soil fauna. Calcutta: The Survey, 1993.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Soil fauna"

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Schaefer, M., and J. Schauermann. "Soil Fauna." In Ecological Studies, 93–102. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b82392_8.

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Savin, Mary C. "Soil: Fauna." In Landscape and Land Capacity, 243–50. Second edition. | Boca Raton: CRC Press, [2020] | Revised edition of: Encyclopedia of natural resources. [2014].: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429445552-33.

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Mukherjee, Swapna. "Soil Fauna." In Current Topics in Soil Science, 193–200. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92669-4_18.

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Paz, Carlota Garcia, Teresa Taboada Rodríguez, Valerie M. Behan‐Pelletier, and Stuart B. Hill. "Fauna." In Encyclopedia of Soil Science, 231–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3995-9_212.

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Szlavecz, Katalin, Csaba Csuzdi, Elisabeth Hornung, and Zoltan Korsós. "Urban soil fauna." In The Routledge Handbook of Urban Ecology, 425–38. Other titles: Handbook of urban ecology Description: Second Edition. | New York: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429506758-36.

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Tian, G., and M. A. Badejo. "Soil Fauna and Soil Fertility." In Sustaining Soil Fertility in West Africa, 45–67. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub58.ch3.

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Kumar, N. G., Byrappa Ammagarahalli, and H. R. Gopalkrishna. "Soil Fauna and Sustainable Agriculture." In Innovative Pest Management Approaches for the 21st Century, 211–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0794-6_11.

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Zaman, M., K. Kleineidam, L. Bakken, J. Berendt, C. Bracken, K. Butterbach-Bahl, Z. Cai, et al. "Direct and Indirect Effects of Soil Fauna, Fungi and Plants on Greenhouse Gas Fluxes." In Measuring Emission of Agricultural Greenhouse Gases and Developing Mitigation Options using Nuclear and Related Techniques, 151–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55396-8_5.

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AbstractSoils harbour diverse soil faunaand a wide range of soil microorganisms. These fauna and microorganisms directly contribute to soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes via their respiratory and metabolic activities and indirectly by changing the physical, chemical and biological properties of soils through bioturbation, fragmentation and redistribution of plant residues, defecation, soil aggregate formation, herbivory, and grazing on microorganisms and fungi. Based on recent results, the methods and results found in relation to fauna as well as from fungi and plants are presented. The approaches are outlined, and the significance of these hitherto ignored fluxes is discussed.
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Menta, Cristina, and Stefania Pinto. "Biodiversity and Ecology of Soil Fauna in Relation to Truffle." In Soil Biology, 319–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31436-5_19.

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Crotty, Felicity. "Assessing soil health by measuring fauna." In Advances in measuring soil health, 3–24. London: Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003048046-1.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Soil fauna"

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Jgenti, Lali, Eka Tskitishvil, and Tengiz Vadachkoria. "TAXONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF FREE-LIVING AND PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES IN POTATO FIELDS IN KHULO (AJARA, EASTERN GEORGIA)." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024, 401–8. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/3.1/s14.47.

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The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of plant parasitic nematodes in the main potatoe growing area in Ajara and to show whether altitu-dinal gradient affects nematode diversity and community structure along three contrasting altitudinal localities of Ajara: Kobuleti (10 m.a.s.l), Shuakhevi (450 m.a.s.l) and Khulo (950 -1800 m.a.s.l). The first part of this study is to assess for the first time the taxonomic and ecological structure of plant parasitic and free-living nematodes in agroecosystems of Khulo in this territory. Fauna of soil nematodes was studied in three villages of Khulo municipality: Dekanashvilebi, Okhropilauri and Uchkho. Sampling was conducted in six sites in early spring, in middle summer and in late fall. The 3 composite soil samples collected from each field (weighing 300-500g) consist of 50 individual sub-samples of soil and roots. Nematodes were extracted by a modified Baermann�s method from a sample of 50 g, and exposition time was 48 h. The fauna consists of 109 forms of free-living and phytoparasitic nematodes, with up to species identified. The majority of the unidentified nematodes are in larval forms. 2 forms have been identified down to the family level. Registered nematodes belong to 8 orders and one suborder (Enoplida; Filipjev, 1929, Araeolaimida De Coninck &amp; Schuurmans Stekhoven 1933, Dorylaimida; Pearse, 1942, Mononchida Jairajpuri, 1969, Rhabditida; Chitwood, 1933, Tylenchida Thorne, 1949; Aphelenchida; Siddiqi, 1980), encompassing 33 families and 53 genera. The largest abundance of nematodes was observed in the village Uchko, with 86 specimens/ 50 g soil, and the smallest was in the village Dekanashvili, with 37 specimens/50g. Plant-parasitic nematodes from 7 genera (Ditylenchus, Xiphynema Tylechus, Tylenchorhynchus, Helicotylenchus, Pratylenchus, Aphelenchus) were found in soil and (or) potato root samples. All these nematodes can be divided into five groups according to their feeding habits. The omnivore group, with 23 species (45,9%) in Spring, 38 species (34,2%) in Summer and 41 species (40,2%) in Autumn, constitut the core of nematode community. Investigations reveal that nematode populations and communities vary seasonally, with their maximum numbers observed during harvest. The number of identified phytoparasitic nematodes does not exceed a certain limit, which causes measurable economic damage. The obtained data are very significant for studying the biodiversity of the nematode population in Georgia.
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Tskitishvili, Eka, Lali Jgenti, Nino Lomidze, and Tengiz Vadachkoria. "TAXONOMIC STRUCTURE OF THE NEMATODE COMMUNITIES IN AGROECOSYSTEMS OF SHUAKHEVI (AJARA, GEORGIA)." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024, 331–38. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024v/3.2/s13.41.

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Potatoes is the fourth important food crop worldwide after maize, wheat, and rice and are grown in more than 100 countries worldwide under temperate, subtropical and tropical conditions, however, they are considered as cool temperature crop. Potato is one of the most important food crops in Georgia and potato growing has always been the subject of great importance for settlement of food supply problems in country. Potato crops are severely affected by approximately forty soil borne diseases worldwide including those caused by soil inhabiting fungi, bacteria and nematodes. Plant-parasitic nematodes are among the important pests of potato production, they can cause serious yield losses but remain unnoticed, in most cases. Above ground symptoms of nematode damage are rarely observed since most nematodes cause damage on roots and tubers. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of plant parasitic nematodes in the main potatoe growing area in Ajara. Fauna of soil nematodes was studied in three villages of Shuakhevi municipality: Dgvani, Dabadzveli and Okhropilauri. Sampling was conducted in nine sites in early spring, in middle summer and in late fall. The 3 composite soil samples collected from each field (weighing 300-500g) consist of 50 individual sub-samples of soil and roots. Nematodes were extracted by a modified Baermann�s method from a sample of 50 g. and exposition time was 48 h. From a total of 83 species of nematodes were found. The richest by the number of species was Dorylaimida order that was presented by 26 species (32 % of species composition). The registered nematodes belong to 2 subclasses, 7 orders, 63 genus and 27 families. The largest abundance of nematodes was observed in the Dgvani village with115 specimens/ 50g soil , and the smallest was in Okhropilauri, with - 37 specimens/50g. Plant-parasitic nematodes from 6 genera (Ditylenchus, Tylechus, Tylenchorhynchus, Helicotylenchus, Pratylenchus, Aphelenchus) were found in soil and (or) potato root samples. All these nematodes can be divided into five groups according to their feeding habits. The omnivore group with 23 species (45,9%) in Spring, 38 species (34,2%) in Summer and 41 species (40,2%) in Autumn, constitut the core of nematode community. Investigations reveal that nematode populations and communities vary seasonally. Plant parasitic nematodes does not exceed a certain limit, which causes measurable economic damage.
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O’Connor, Thomas P. "Measuring Soil Fauna in Stormwater Green Infrastructure." In International Low Impact Development Conference 2023. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784485002.013.

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Wackett, Adrian, Kyungsoo Yoo, Erin Cameron, Nicolas Jelinski, Nathaniel Looker, Carolina Olid, Hanna Jonsson, Saúl Rodríguez-Martínez, Lee Frelich, and Jonatan Klaminder. "Soil fauna and the fate of soil organic carbon in northern forests." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.12592.

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Salmane, Ineta, and Rūta Sniedze-Kretalova. "Fauna of soil predatory Mesostigmata mites (Acari, Parasitiformes) in the urban grasslands of Rīga, Latvia." In 82nd International Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia, 23–27. University of Latvia Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.22364/iarb.2024.03.

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Soil invertebrates are an integral part of soils and are important for the formation of soils. Soil invertebrates and among them Mesostigmata mites, play a vital role in the production and maintenance of healthy soils. Unfortunately, the significance of the soil invertebrates is seldom recognized. In collaboration with Latvian Fund for Nature and in the frames of the project “Introducing adaptive community-based biodiversity management in urban areas for improved connectivity and ecosystem health urban LIFE circles” collecting of soil samples in Rīga grasslands was performed. In total collection in 14 urban grassland sampling sites was made. Samples were taken by the soil corer and extracted on modified Berlese-Tullgren funnels. Although there was no intensive trampling in the investigated sites, grassland fragmentation and closeness of intensive traffic made a great impact on soil mite fauna. Mesostigmata mite species composition of investigated urban city sites differed from that in the natural grasslands of Latvia. Totally 20 Mesostigmata mite species in Rīga grasslands were determined. Nine of those species are also known from the natural grassland habitats in Latvia. The most frequent Mesostigmata species in urban grasslands were members of the families Rhodacaridae, Parasitidae, and Laelaptidae. Mesostigmata species, known as eudominant in the territory of Latvia, were not found in the urban grassland soils of Rīga.
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Artemieva, Elena A., and Maksim A. Selishchev. "INTEGRATED ECOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE PION BALKA NEAR THE VILLAGE OF URUSOVKA, RADISHCHEVSKY DISTRICT, ULYANOVSK REGION." In Treshnikov readings – 2022 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-88-4-2022-16-17.

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The indicators of soil and fauna of the regional protected area “Pionovaya Balka near the village of Urusovka of Radishevsky District, of Ulyanovsk Region” are considered. Fauna observations were made. Features of soil indicators are revealed.
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Rawat, Monika. "Soil Respiration Variation under the Canopy of Dominant Tree Species across different seasons in Temperate Forest." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0021.

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Soil respiration is defined as the production of carbon dioxide when soil organisms are active. It is an important process in the ecosystem and has direct influence on climate change. Therefore understanding it under different vegetation types is an essential goal in soil science. The major sources which effect the soil respiration rate are plant roots, the rhizosphere, microbes and soil fauna and these sources are control by various factors like temperature, moisture, nutreint content and oxygen in the soil. Soil respiration rate is important for understanding soil biological activity, nutrient cycling, soil microbial biomass, soil organic matter and its decomposition.Therefore soil respiration was studied under the canopy of ten dominant tree species of temperate forest. Our study determined that highest soil respiration was under the canopy of Eunonymous pendulus (EP) i.e. 20.01 μmolm−2 s−1 and across season it was high during the rains.
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Hristozova, Milena. "PRESENCE OF NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL RADIONUCLIDES IN THE SOIL AND TERRESTRIAL FAUNA OF LIVINGSTON ISLAND, ANTARCTICA." In 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b51/s20.090.

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Cerevkova, Andrea, Marek Renco, and Lenka Bobulska. "DIVERSITY OF SOIL NEMATODES IN THE TREATENED ECOSYSTEMS OF PONICKA CAVE." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s29.91.

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Ponicka Cave, situated in central Slovakia, is a natural wonder, known for its stunning stalagmites, stalactites, and underground lakes. This unique cave system has a hydrological connection to the Earth's surface, representing a very vulnerable habitat. Long-lasting intensive livestock grazing in the aquifer area of Ponicka cave and insufficiently insulated manure dump were the main reasons for the contamination of this cave. Soil nematodes are the most abundant multicellular organisms on Earth with respect to both species� richness and abundance. They are ubiquitous invertebrates in the soil that include a variety of feeding types, and they perform key functions in soil food webs. They are considered as one of the best soils bioindicators. Although the mesofauna of caves in Slovakia is relatively well described, information about soil nematodes are missing. In this study, we present the first data on the fauna of free-living and plant-parasitic nematode species from soil taken in the Karst region (karst spring, ponor, sink hole) and manure. Totally we identified 54 nematode species across 43 genera, 28 families, and 9 orders. The highest number of identified nematode species (44) was observed in Ponor, while 33 species were observed in both the karst springs and in a sinkhole and only 8 species were found in manure. Bacterivores were the dominant trophic group in all sites. Differences in nematode species composition in sites around Ponicka Cave, showing the differences in the environmental conditions nearby and site characteristic. This study emphasizes how important it is to know, understand and protect the soil biota that plays an important role in keeping the cave and the surrounding environment healthy.
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Chekanyshkin, A. "PROTECTIVE FOREST PLANTATIONS AS THE MOST IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF AGROECOSYSTEMS OF THE CENTRAL BLACK EARTH REGION." In Biotechnologies in innovative afforestation and reforestation, monitoring of forest and forest reclamation systems, 163–69. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2024. https://doi.org/10.58168/biarmffrs2024_163-169.

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The results of optimization of environmental management of agricultural territories through protective forest plantations are revealed using the example of forest-agrarian landscapes of the Stone Steppe. Under the influence of forest plantations, improved microclimate indicators, favorable soil water regime, increased productivity of agricultural crops in adjacent field areas and an increase in the number of fauna representatives are ensured. The existing problems of protective afforestation in the Central Black Earth Region are noted.
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Informes sobre el tema "Soil fauna"

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Muñoz Chávez, Anyi Milena, Lina Marcela Cárdenas Cleves, Luis Fernando Marmolejo Rebellón, Dagoberto Angulo, Norberto Estrada, and Jaiber Amaya. Community-based Management of Used Cooking Oil for its Sistainable Use and Valorisation. Universidad del Valle, September 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/policy-briefs.pb.12-eng.

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Used Cooking Oil (UCO) is a waste product from food preparation whose physicochemical characteristics change during the cooking process, making it unfit for human consumption; additionally, its inadequate management affects water resources, soil, fauna and public health. Its management is usually regulated for generators that carry out industrial, commercial and service activities, including basic duties for the residential sector, oriented towards its collection and delivery to storage sites, not usually accessible to all households. This Policy Brief proposes the incorporation of individual and collective community management of UCO as an opportunity to ensure the proper handling of this waste at the place of generation and proposes a series of recommendations to foster this practice. This approach reduces the costs of UCO management, avoids the disposal of this type of waste in the surrounding areas and increases the possibility of achieving its transformation into a new product with added value for the communities where it is generated.
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Schweiger, E., Joanna Lemly, Dana Witwicki, Kirk Sherrill, Ruth Whittington, Lewis Messner, Erin Cubley, Katherine Haynes, and Sonya Daw. Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument wetland ecological integrity: 2009?2019 synthesis report. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2300778.

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Wetlands at Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument (FLFO) are important because they are biodiversity hotspots and support iconic wildlife. They also provide valuable ?ecosystem services? such as attenuating floods, storing water, recharging aquifers, stabilizing and sequestering sediment, storing carbon, enhancing water quality, and cycling nutrients. This report summarizes 11 years (2009?2019) of wetland monitoring in three sentinel wetland complexes in FLFO. Monitoring included annual samples of 10 wet meadow and fen wetland sites in these complexes. We partition the data into a baseline period encompassing the first three years of our work for which we estimate conditions using a variety of indicators, or vital signs. We then estimate trend across the whole period of record. Results are compared to assessment points that allow us to interpret results in a management relevant context. We collected data on vascular plant species composition, woody species stand structure and damage and mortality of woody stems, soil chemistry, groundwater chemistry, and depth to water at shallow groundwater wells in each complex. We also documented human disturbance in and around each wetland complex. Projections suggest that climate change will likely reduce the number and extent of wetlands in the park and cause declines in the condition of associated flora and fauna and critical ecological functions, such as carbon and water storage. Human use can cause disturbance to wetlands across multiple scales and has well documented relationships with wetland condition. Wetlands at FLFO were impacted by over a century of cattle ranching and other human uses that increased soil erosion, altered hydrology, and made the area more susceptible to invasion by exotic plant species. Disturbance indicators at both a landscape and smaller scale generally showed an intermediate level of disturbance in and around our sentinel sites. Across all sites and indicators, we generally saw lower groundwater levels in response to drought conditions in 2010?2013 and in 2017?2018. However, groundwater at the Hornbek complex responded differently, potentially benefiting from a restoration project that filled incised channels in late summer 2012. Vegetation indicators showed relatively stable and healthy conditions in the park, except for native species cover, which was in intermediate condition.
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Medina, Alvin Leroy. An English-Spanish glossary of terminology used in forestry, range, wildlife, fishery, soils, and botany (Glosario en Ingles-Espanol de terminologia usada en forestales, pastizales, fauna, silvestre, pesqueria, suelos, y botanica). Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rm-gtr-152.

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Garavito Mendoza, Lina María, and N. Naranjo Robayo. Reptiles de los Cerros Orientales de Bogotá. Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18359/litgris.7039.

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Los reptiles, animales de “sangre fría” o ectotermos, están cubiertos de escamas y tal vez son uno de los animales que causa más curiosidad entre las personas cuando tienen la posibilidad de verlos, una curiosidad que por nuestra historia cultural y por el escaso conocimiento a disposición del público, ha derivado en miles de mitos y leyendas que lastimosamente termina costándole la vida a estos inofensivos animales. Entre bosques, potreros, casas, jardines de Bogotá D.C. y sus alrededores se puede encontrar seis especies de reptiles únicos en el mundo. Dos de ellas son serpientes, la serpiente de pantano (Liophis bimaculatus), la serpiente sabanera (Atractus crassicaudatus); y cuatro son lagartijas, el “camaleón sabanero” (Anolis heterodermus), las lagartijas de tierra (Anadia bogotensis y Riama striata) y el lagarto collarejo (Stenocercus trachycephalus). Ninguno de estos reptiles representa peligro alguno para los seres humanos. Por el contrario, estos animales, que solo se pueden encontrar en nuestro país, han vivido aquí desde antes que el humano cruzara el estrecho de Bering, por lo que hacen parte del equilibrio natural que tienen nuestros páramos y bosques andinos. Estos reptiles se desplazan entre piedras y ramas para tomar el sol, de esta forma obtienen la energía necesaria para comenzar su día. Entre la maleza se ocultan, al acecho de pequeñas moscas y otros insectos, de los cuales se alimentan, también cavan túneles finos bajo tierra, los cuales nos ayudan a mantener las raíces de nuestros cultivos sanas y oxigenadas. Estos servicios gratuitos son apenas una muestra de los servicios ecosistémicos que nos brindan las lagartijas y serpientes de Bogotá, esto evidencia lo mucho que necesitamos estar en equilibrio con el mundo natural. Por ello es importante crear y mantener en buen estado los ambientes urbanos verdes, así nuestra fauna nativa puede encontrar los refugios necesarios para vivir. Y en estos ambientes podemos observar, aprender y admirar nuestra biodiversidad. La cual lleva mucho tiempo adaptándose al ambiente bogotano, y de ellos, es preciso de quienes debemos aprender para afrontar problemáticas ambientales actuales y futuras. Dado el historial de colonización que ha vivido La Sabana de Bogotá, tal vez nunca sepamos cuál era la herpetofauna (especies de reptiles y anfibios) original que habitaba en los Cerros Orientales. Hoy sabemos lo que nos queda, sabemos que son especies únicas o endémicas de Colombia, que se encuentran en distintos grados de amenaza (peligro de extinción), en su mayoría debido a la acelerada expansión urbana, la cual cambia las condiciones bioclimáticas dentro de las cuales estos reptiles han vivído durante muchos años. Además junto con la ciudad llegan nuevos depredadores introducidos, como ratas y gatos, quienes diesman las poblaciones de fauna endémica de forma crítica. Por lo cual, somos afortunados de tener la oportunidad aún de conocerlos y conservar los sitios claves para que puedan seguir ejerciendo sus servicios ecosistémicos por mucho tiempo más. Existen muchos relatos y mitos que rodean a los reptiles, los cuales nacieron como arte de supervivencia de nuestros ancestros, pero gracias a la curiosidad nata de los seres humanos, base de los avances científicos, hoy en día podemos descartar varios mitos respecto a su peligrosidad, que aún persisten en el imaginativo colectivo. Los reptiles de Bogotá no son especies venenosas, no pican con la cola, tampoco se meten en la nariz de las personas, ni se pegan a la piel o chupan leche de las vacas. Por ello, el conocimiento es la mejor herramienta que tenemos como humanidad para poder superar el miedo a lo que no conocemos bien. Por tal razón, se realizó esta cartilla, una herramienta que sirve para poder identificar las distintas especies de reptiles bogotanos. Finalmente, los invito a aprender sobre la mayor riqueza que poseemos, nuestras especies nativas y sus distintas interacciones con la naturaleza que nos rodea.
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