Literatura académica sobre el tema "Socio-economic transition"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Socio-economic transition"
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Kozlov, Mikhail. "Transition trends towards socio-economic cybernetics". Вестник Пермского университета. Математика. Механика. Информатика, n.º 1(52) (2021): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/1993-0550-2021-1-61-69.
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The article examines modern socio-economic relations from the standpoint of the cybernetic approach. When analyzing the problem, we used works on the general theory of systems founded by Ludwig von Bertalanffy, the concept of the philosopher, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vyacheslav Stepin on post-nonclassical rationality, work on synergetics and predicting the behavior of complex systems, the work of a psychologist, Professor Vladimir Lepsky and his colleagues on control systems. and the formation of third-order cybernetics on the basis of selfdeveloping active environments, and the work on Decision-making theory, Political Science, Sociology and Behavioral Economics was also taken into account. It is proposed to consider socioeconomic cybernetics as the development of social cybernetics and third order cybernetics.
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Lee, Soo-Kyung y Jeffery Sobal. "Socio-economic, dietary, activity, nutrition and body weight transitions in South Korea". Public Health Nutrition 6, n.º 7 (octubre de 2003): 665–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2003485.
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AbstractObjective:Socio-economic development influences many factors that affect health, especially diet and nutrition. This investigation proposes that a system of transitions occur as societies develop, with socio-economic, physical activity, dietary, nutrition and body weight transitions operating in relationship with each other. This model of transitions was examined empirically using South Korea as an example of a nation that has undergone considerable changes.Design:Data were drawn from published government reports: the Korean National Nutrition Survey and annual reports at the national level for the years between 1969 and 1993. The socio-economic transition was assessed by gross national product. The physical activity transition was assessed using annual proportions of the population involved in primary, secondary and tertiary industries, as well as the number of cars and driver's licences. The dietary transition was measured by plant and animal food consumption. The nutrition transition was assessed by percentages of energy from carbohydrate, protein and fat. The body weight transition was measured by body mass index calculated from the average height and weight of adolescents.Results:Results revealed that the transitions were highly correlated as expected, with the socio-economic transition exhibiting major changes. South Koreans tended to decrease their physical activity and plant food consumption, and to increase animal food consumption, percentage of energy from dietary fat and body weight, in relationship to the socio-economic transition.Conclusion:Examining a system of transitions on a national level in one country that has undergone rapid economic development may provide a strategy for examining how such transitions operate in other nations.
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Stanaitis, Algirdas. "Lithuanian Population After the Socio-Economic Transition". Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 13, n.º 13 (1 de enero de 2010): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10089-010-0004-3.
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Lithuanian Population After the Socio-Economic Transition The article presents changes of Lithuanian population after the restoration of state self-dependence and future prognoses. The article is based on the data at the Statistical Department of the Republic of Lithuania. There are brief analysis of the principal demographic indices: natural movement of population and migration flows. The analysis embraces the years before and after restoration of independence and future perspectives. The results of analysis was showed that the negative natural increment and migration balance have adversely affected other demographic indices: age structure, lifespan, number of marriages, deaths due to external causes, etc.
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Weilandt, Ragnar. "Socio-economic challenges to Tunisia’s democratic transition". European View 17, n.º 2 (octubre de 2018): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1781685818805681.
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Among those countries that faced the so-called Arab Spring in 2011, Tunisia is the last one for which hope for a successful democratic transition remains justified. However, the country’s comparatively favourable institutional evolution has led to a dangerous complacency not only in Europe but across the West. While important reforms have been implemented, democracy has so far failed to fulfil the high expectations it has raised within the population. Tunisians’ discontent with their living conditions and the new system’s perceived inability to deliver are fundamental threats to the country’s transition. This article argues that the EU has a major interest in making Tunisia a democratic and socio-economic success story, as failure would not only constitute a lost opportunity to create a role model in the region but would also jeopardise European security interests. The EU should therefore provide more substantial support with the aim of realising socio-economic improvements in Tunisia.
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Shokhmansur, Shokhazamiy y Elmuradov D. . "Socio-Economic Sistemology: Multidimensional Science for a Comprehensive Study of the Socio-Economic and Legal System". Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 6, n.º 10 (30 de octubre de 2014): 824–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v6i10.541.
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The main feature of the development of science in the second half of the 20th century was the transition from a single-dimensional science of past centuries, based mainly on experimentation, to the science of two dimensional, which is based on a systems approach. However, the conditions and trends of development of the world economy and society, therefore, the humanities and social sciences, including economics, in the twenty-first century calls for transition to new more advanced phase of science to integrated presentation and study in the relationship between the various components of the socio-economic and legal systems (SELS) based on a systematic approach. The importance of this completely new paradigm of science-its transition from two dimension in the multi dimension in general socio-economic and legal space is already quite fully understood, because it is based a well elaborated the theoretical-methodological and practical implications for the future of the base, a it seems extremely profound and promising.
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Фесина, Елена y Elena Fesina. "NATIONAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY: SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS". Russian Journal of Management 7, n.º 1 (19 de junio de 2019): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/article_5d0a4295bef536.18059343.
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The problem of national and economic security is of particular relevance in the period of the formation and development of a market economy, which in modern conditions is characteristic of both Russia and the CIS countries. In the event of an economic stagnation, the possibility of its resilience and adaptability to internal and external threats is sharply reduced. Violation of proportions and connections between different components of the system leads to its destabilization and is a signal of the economy's transition from a safe state to a dangerous one.Economic security is fully achieved when its degree of dependence on the dominant economy does not exceed the limit that threatens to lose national sovereignty, a significant weakening of economic power, a significant decrease in the standard of living and health of the nation, disrupting the achievement of global strategic goals.
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Hou, Feng y Anne Milan. "Neighbourhood Ethnic Transition and Its Socio-Economic Connections". Canadian Journal of Sociology / Cahiers canadiens de sociologie 28, n.º 3 (2003): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3341929.
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Ramsamy, Edward. "Socio‐economic transition and housing: Lessons from Zimbabwe". Development Southern Africa 12, n.º 5 (octubre de 1995): 685–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768359508439849.
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Bleischwitz, Raimund, Nikolas Bader y Sören Christian Trümper. "The socio-economic transition towards a hydrogen economy". Energy Policy 38, n.º 10 (octubre de 2010): 5297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.04.010.
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Kalediene, Ramune y Jadvyga Petrauskiene. "Socio-economic transition, inequality, and mortality in Lithuania". Economics & Human Biology 2, n.º 1 (marzo de 2004): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2003.12.001.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Socio-economic transition"
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Ren, Mingchuan. "Accounting transition in China : a socio-economic perspective". Thesis, University of Hull, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396739.
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Skokic, Vlatka. "Tourism entrepreneurship in transition economies : unpacking the socio-economic contexts". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18802.
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Magnússon, Magnús S. "Iceland in transition labour and socio-economic change before 1940 /". Lund : [Universitet], 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/15205389.html.
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Abou, Jeb Saria y Evgeny Konov. "Socio-economic sustainable banking : A study on the transition to cashless banking in Sweden from the lens of socio-economic sustainability". Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Jönköping University, JTH, Logistik och verksamhetsledning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-50465.
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Purpose – This research is investigating the Swedish banks transitioning to cashless bank offices. The investigation is carried out to fully understand the reasons behind the transition and what impacts it brought upon the stakeholders affected by it. The purpose of this is to analyze the transition for social and economic effects so that it can be concluded whether the transition was a move towards sustainable banking. Method – The researchers carried out a case study at one of the biggest banks in Sweden. The empirical data for the research was collected through qualitative interviews and a survey with the bank’s employees as participants. Findings – Several reasons for the transition to cashless banking were found. Both positive and negative effects brought up on stakeholders were also illuminated from the transition. The transition could not be deemed entirely as a move towards sustainable banking due to negative effects on stakeholders. However, it provides important information about the negative impacts and the stakeholders affected. Implications – No clear answers can be provided due to many interrelated factors that are surrounding the transition, further studies need to be made to which are more focused on each the role of each and one of these factors. Limitations – The case study is carried out in the Swedish banking sector, therefore, is geographically limited to Sweden as the transition might be different in different societies. The research is investigating the social and economic impacts brought by the cashless transition. Thus, the findings do not provide data regarding environmental impacts.
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Nkhumeleni, Mpho. "Supportive socio-economic conditions to achieve a successful demographic dividend in South Africa". University of the Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7987.
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Magister Philosophiae - MPhilOne of the population structures associated with demographic dividend is “demographic transition”, which is a shift from high fertility and mortality to low fertility and mortality. It is understood that low dependency ratio (shows that there are relatively more adults of working age who can support the young and the old of the populace) is one major factor in achieving a successful demographic dividend (DD) (Esther, 2013). DD refers to the fast-economic growth that is achieved by a country when there are dependency ratios. This definition means that the proportion of people of working age group (15-64) is higher, compared to those of ages lower than 15 and above 64 years (Statistics SA, 2017).
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Stoyanova-Bozhkova, S. "Tourism development in transition economies : an evaluation of the development of tourism at a Black sea coastal destination during political and socio-economic transition". Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2011. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/18828/.
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The present research addresses a gap in the academic literature on the transformation and development of coastal destinations in the transition economy of Bulgaria. It takes further the tradition in tourism studies that calls for the incorporation of the contextual change in the process of destination development. The purpose of this study was to determine whether, and in what ways, the nature of the socio-economic and political transition has influenced the processes of tourism development of a coastal tourism destination in the period 1989-2009 and if the tourism stakeholders have incorporated and implemented the principles of sustainability in the transformation and operation of the tourism sector, with the associated questions of why, why not, and how. In order to answer the research questions, a case study research was undertaken in the Varna-Balchik destination on Bulgaria‟s North Black Sea coast, which allowed the study of the whole spectrum of developmental processes in the period of transition. Data for the research was collected using a multi-method research approach with a combination of secondary data and primary data gathered using qualitative research techniques including a series of stakeholder interviews and observation. The semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with decision-makers, involved in tourism development in the destination studied at some time over the studied period (1989-2009), from the stakeholder groups at a local, regional and national level. This research employed the path-dependent path-creative approach to analyse the nature of transformation and conceptualise the forces which impact on tourism development on Bulgaria‟s North Black Sea coast. The research findings indicated that sustainability did not fit well into the rapidly changing CEE transition context. In spite of the increasing empowerment of the local communities and their attempts to achieve balanced development by implementing integrated and long-term planning, the primary data revealed growing concerns over the ineffectiveness of policy-making, the increasing urbanisation of the coastal strip and the competitiveness of Bulgaria‟s North Black Sea coast tourism offer. An analytical framework was developed based on the research findings to explain the specific development path(s) of the destination studied. It took into account the political (politicising), psychological (mentalities), institutional dimensions of transition (property rights, social networks and local empowerment), the role of the state (reduced state intervention) and the individual (human capital). Some of these themes (politicising and mentalities in particular) have been largely absent from previous research on tourism in transition and from the wider tourism studies.
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Hu, Zhanping. "Socio-economic drivers of agricultural production in a transition economy : a case study of Hu Village, Sichuan Province, China". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3079.
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Contemporary global agriculture has been undergoing transition towards different pathways. In developed countries, a shift from productivist agriculture to multifunctional agriculture has begun since the 1980s (Wilson, 2007). In the developing world, agricultural modernisation is still the primary strategy for agricultural development, and driven by urbanisation and industrialisation, deagrarianisation of rural society has been widely identified (Bryceson, 1996; Rigg, 2006a). As the largest developing country in the world, China embarked on market reform three decades ago and has ever since experienced dramatic socio-economic transition towards modernisation, industrialisation and urbanisation. Significant levels of academic attention have focused on empirically identifying economic and policy drivers of Chinese agricultural production from a structuralist standpoint, largely neglecting the agency of smallholders and sociocultural factors. To address the resulting literature gap, this thesis adopts an approach that combines political economy and cultural analysis through an in-depth case study of a rural community in southwest China. A multi-methods approach is used to collect data, including questionnaires, in-depth interviews, focus groups, participant observation and the analysis of secondary data. The results suggest that Chinese smallholder agriculture has been dramatically transformed by an array of socio-economic forces. The “intensive, sustainable, diverse” Chinese smallholder agriculture which Netting (1993) portrayed, has been progressively shifted towards extensive, unsustainable and less diverse pathways. It suggests that the “perfunctory agriculture” performed by Chinese smallholders is the outcome of interactions and negotiations between various political, socio-economic and institutional constraints and farmers’ agency. Another key finding is that moving out of agriculture is becoming the norm in Chinese rural society. Most smallholders show willingness to rent out agricultural land and to enter into a capitalist relationship with employees, rather than primarily being cultivators of their land. Land transfer markets have become increasingly buoyant at the local level, and large-scale capitalist agriculture seems to be the desired future of Chinese smallholder agriculture for both the Chinese government and smallholders. Besides, based on the case of Hu Village, this thesis discusses the convergences and divergences between the road of Chinese agricultural development and that of developed countries and other emerging BRIC economies. Lastly, based on the findings of this research, four policy implications are proposed including sponsoring agricultural mutual aid groups, strengthening agricultural extension services, enhancing farmers’ negotiation power through laws, and initiating comprehensive socio-economic reforms to facilitate farmers’ pursuit of non-farm employments.
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Pettersson, Theodora. "Araby: A Self-fulfilling Prophecy? : The Reproduction of Rumours and Socio-Economic Conditions in Araby, Växjö". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-55630.
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Questions of integration and immigration are increasingly subject to public debate in Sweden. With the arrival of many immigrants, the current ethnic housing segregation in the country is enforced. The problems associated to segregated and socio-economic weak areas are to a larger extent also defined in terms of ethnicity: connecting problems of a place to the people of that place. Research shows that many problems in these neighbourhoods exist regardless of who happens to be the residents today. Based on this, the current study aims to better understand the reproduction of rumours and socio-economic conditions in Araby, Växjö. The voices of people from Araby are brought forward in order to let them reflect about their neighbourhood. The main material collected through interviews provide an exploration of different perceptions present in relation to processes of reproduction in Araby. The material is discussed in relation to the concepts zone in transition and stigmatisation of place and mutually the concepts are discussed by situating them in relation to the material. Two new insights not pronounced in previous studies were found: the segregation unfolding within Araby, and the understanding of the neighbourhood as a zone in transition in a positive light. In conclusion, the study strengthens previous literature on segregated and socio-economic weak areas and also problematizes the application of the concepts used. The exploration lays ground for future research, in Araby, or in other kinds of segregated neighbourhoods.
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Girdwood, Jill Lynette. "Towards authentic family-school relationships: Engaging families through early years transition-to-school programs". Thesis, Griffith University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/378154.
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How early years transition-to-school programs have been used to engage families and foster family-school relationships is the focus of this study. Understanding how family-school relationships are created can inform future school engagement practices and ensure that all families are empowered to support their child’s educational outcomes. A review of literature suggests that families in low socio-economic and diverse communities are often perceived by schools as lacking interest or ability to play the role schools expect. Further, the cultural values, beliefs, and economic circumstances of these families are identified as affecting the ways they engage with schools, which may impact on the educational outcomes for children. A paucity of information was evident on how schools go about engaging families from different cultural, linguistic, and economic backgrounds. Early years programs have been shown to provide support for families as children transition to school, but how all families in a community can be engaged through such programs has not been clarified. An aim of the current study is to provide a rich description of how two Australian schools situated in diverse communities set about engaging all families in authentic relationships. A qualitative approach, using a multiple case study design, was used to examine how schools engaged parents through early years transition-to-school programs. Participants included school personnel and mothers of children who attended the programs – a playgroup and a pre-Prep program at one school, and a pre-Prep program at the other. Volunteer sampling was used to select parents for the study. Data were collected in focus group discussions and interviews, supplemented by researcher observations and publicly available school documents. Social capital theory provided a theoretical frame for the examination of findings and discussion. Findings suggest the cultural and linguistic diversity of the communities was not represented by the families who attended the early years programs. Both schools were seen to hold deficit perceptions in relation to community families and family resources. The purpose of engaging families in the transition-to-school period became one of addressing the inadequacies perceived in parents’ capacity and children’s development in terms of preparedness for school. As school leadership has an important influence on the development of family-school relationships, including more in-depth interviews with school leaders may have provided further insight. This research makes a useful contribution to the area. It provides a rich description of how schools in culturally and linguistically diverse communities go about engaging families in relationships and by framing thinking using social capital theory, shows how a school could shift deficit thinking to acknowledge the skills and resources families possess, and potentially engage all families. The study suggests that working in a collaborative manner with community stakeholders could enhance educational outcomes. Additionally, the adoption of a strengths-based approach is suggested as essential if schools are to develop authentic family-school relationships through early years transition-to-school programs.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School Educ & Professional St
Arts, Education and Law
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Obiri, Beatrice Darko. "Improving fallow productivity in the forest and forest-savanna transition of Ghana : a socio-economic analysis of livelihoods and technologies". Thesis, Bangor University, 2003. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/improving-fallow-productivity-in-the-forest-and-forestsavanna-transition-of-ghana--a-socioeconomic-analysis-of-livelihoods-and-technologies(421000d8-39ca-4fc4-8103-54a988d3d0a6).html.
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Rotational bush fallowing, the dominant agricultural land-use practice in Ghana is no longer sustainable as fallow periods have declined from over 10 to five or less years mainly due to increased population pressure on land, along with inter alia drought and rampant wild fires. Managed fallows have in recent times been useful in improving short fallow productivity in many parts of the tropics including Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, adoption of agricultural innovation by smallholders has often been poor. This is attributed to the inappropriateness of sound scientific breakthroughs to the complex socio-cultural and economic conditions that characterize rural livelihoods in the SSA. This study forms part of a bigger project that tested and developed managed fallow technologies in a participatory manner in three villages, Gogoikrom, Subriso III and Yabraso in the Atwima, Tano and Wenchi Districts of Ghana respectively. It involves a socio-economic analysis of livelihoods of farmers and their involvement in the development of the technologies to complement bio-physical aspects to ensure that technologies developed suit the socio-cultural, tenurial and economic circumstances of farmers and are adoptable by the farmers. PRA tools, mainly key informant, group and semi-structured interviews as well as structured questionnaire interviews of 242 households, were employed in collecting data to characterize the livelihoods of the people in the study villages. This guided the identification of suitable fallow improvement interventions and possible domains for their uptake. The data were analyzed descriptively and complemented with a regression analysis and analysis of variance to describe the infra and inter-village similarities and differences. Input-output data on crop, livestock and off farm enterprises were collected and analyzed to estimate farmers' financial resource capacity. Primary and secondary economic data on the technologies were gathered and analyzed through ex-ante cost benefit analysis to assess the profitability of the technologies. A chi-squared analysis was carried out to identify the determinants of adoption of the technologies. Community perceptions of the performance of the technologies and adoption potential were assessed and verified with a survey of 99 non-participating farmers. Farmer indicators were developed for evaluating the performance and the design of the experiments by participating farmers. Technology expansion and diffusion of knowledge gained by the experimenters were also assessed. The study area is characterized by two main classes of farmers, natives (indigenous landowners) and settlers (mainly tenants) whose livelihoods rely largely on the management of natural fallow rotations for the cultivation of a range of crops, i. e. maize, plantain, rice and cocoa for Gogoikrom; maize, plantain, cassava, groundnuts, tomato and pepper for Subriso; and maize, yam, groundnuts and pepper for Yabraso. However, fallow periods have declined and numerous associated problems of which poor soils, high weed pressure, poor yields and low farm incomes are paramount. Four interventions, namely: maize-legume relay suitable for all three districts; plantain-legume for Atwima and Tano; and cocoa-shade tree for Atwima and planted tree fallow for Wenchi were identified for on-farm experimentation after a series of ranking and discussion of interventions proposed at a stakeholder workshop to address the short fallow constraints. The interventions were experimented with farmers over two seasons. Farmers' assessment of the technologies over the two seasons revealed that the weed suppression and moisture conservation or retention potential of the maize-legume relay had been realized, V while they anticipated improved maize yields and a reduction in labour for land preparation in subsequent years. The major limitation to the use of this technology identified during a monitoring process was labour for weeding before and after relaying the legume to facilitate growth and spread. The labour constraint for relaying the legume can be addressed by targeting this activity to coincide with the first or second weeding as appropriate to the fanner. The weeding after the legume relay is a necessity where weed pressure is high as this may retard legume biomass productivity. The potential effects of the plantain-legume, cocoa-shade tree and planted tree fallow are likely to be realized in the long-term. However, farmers were hopeful that these technologies would address their respective targeted problems based on their judgments of the performance of the technologies at the time. The ex-ante economic assessment of the farmer experiments yielded higher gross margins, returns to labour, B/C ratios, NPV, LEV and IRR than the alternative options in the absence of the technologies but were sensitive to reductions in prices and yields. However, tenure, age and gender differences may be important in technology adoption. Although all the main community groupings participated in technology development it was observed that male tenants and landowners are potential adopters of the most preferred cocoa-shade tree technology in Gogoikrom-Atwima while in Subriso-Tano, middle-old aged, landowner men are potential adopters of the maize-legume relay and plantain-legume technologies. Native landowners including women are the potential adopters of the maize-legume and planted tree fallow technologies in Yabraso-Wenchi. The participatory technology development process was documented. It was observed that while the process was interactive, enlightening both farmers and scientists, farmers need to be encouraged to take greater control to enhance innovativeness and reduce research cost. Improving fallow productivity should be a national concern, as it has a wider implication on the livelihoods of rural people and that of the economy of the country. The majority of the producers that are directly involved in crop production may be tenants who are unlikely to improve soil productivity due to tenure restrictions. Government policies that encourage landowners to adopt fallow improvement technologies are required. Policies encouraging education, training or extension of improved fallow techniques are useful. Likewise, participatory policy research for improving traditional tenure systems to encourage sustainable land improvement need consideration. Policies that ensure stability in prices of agricultural commodities will improve farm income gained from improved fallow productivity and encourage the adoption of fallow techniques.
Libros sobre el tema "Socio-economic transition"
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Aryeetey, Ellen Bortei-Doku. Human capital development for socio-economic transformation. Legon, Ghana: Institute of Statistical, Social & Economic Research, University of Ghana, 2001.
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Devi, V. Chithra. Agrarian transition and socio-economic changes in Baroda State. Thiruvananthapuram: Sunday Circle, 2008.
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Iceland in transition: Labour and socio-economic change before 1940. Lund: [Ekonomisk-historiska föreningen i Lund], 1985.
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Adivasis and the raj: Socio-economic transition of the Hos, 1820-1932. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan, 2011.
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1945-, Mills Allen George, ed. The return of Mitteleuropa: Socio-economic transition in post-communist Central Europe. Commack, NY: Nova Science Publishers, 1998.
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1926-, Kovács János, Dallago Bruno 1950- y Magyar Tudományos Akadémia. Közgazdaságtudományi Intézet., eds. Economic planning in transition: Socio economic development and planning in post-socialist and capitalist societies. Aldershot, Hants., England: Dartmouth, 1990.
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Nochteff, Hugo. Economic shocks without vision: Neoliberalism in the transition of socio-economic systems : lessons from the Argentine case. Madrid: Iberoamericana, 2000.
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Nochteff, Hugo. Economic shocks without vision: Neoliberalism in the transition of socio-economic systems ; lessons from the Argentine case. Frankfurt am Main: Vervuert, 2000.
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The Syrian Christians of Kerala: Demographic and socio-economic transition in the twentieth century. New Delhi: Orient Longman, 2006.
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United Nations Population Fund, Bangladesh, ed. The impact of demographic transition on socio-economic development in Bangladesh: Future prospects and implications for public policy. Dhaka: United Nations Population Fund, Bangladesh Country Office, 2015.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Socio-economic transition"
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Bongaarts, John y Dennis Hodgson. "Socio-Economic Determinants of Fertility". En Fertility Transition in the Developing World, 51–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11840-1_4.
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AbstractThe fertility levels of developing countries correlate with many socio-economic variables including girls’ or women’s education, infant and child mortality, GDP/capita, and percent urban. To determine whether these correlations are causal or simply due to collinearity we rely on multivariate fixed effect regression analyses. The results identify women’s education as the most important determinant of fertility, which is consistent with past studies. Next, we examine the relationship between education and fertility over the course of transitions from 1960 and 2015 in individual developing countries. Instead of finding continuous relationships during the transitions, several puzzling anomalies appear. In the pre-transition phase, fertility is unresponsive to rising education resulting in delays in the onset of transition. Once a few countries in a region enter the transition, other countries follow sooner than expected and over time the onset of the transition occurs at ever lower levels of education. Moreover, once a transition is underway, fertility in many countries declines more rapidly than can plausibly be expected from rising education levels alone. To explain these anomalies, we rely on several concepts that have been neglected in conventional demographic theories: diffusion processes, social norms, and family planning programs.
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Martins, Jo M., Fei Guo y David A. Swanson. "Population and Socio-economic Prospects". En Global Population in Transition, 277–316. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77362-9_10.
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Schneider, Jean-Luc. "Transition and Stability of Redistribution Policies". En The Socio-Economic Transformation, 65–84. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230379039_5.
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Baier, Scott y Gerhard Glomm. "Fiscal Policy and Transition: The Case of Poland". En The Socio-Economic Transformation, 85–99. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230379039_6.
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Mikhalevich, Mikhail. "Modelling of the Labour Market in a Transition Economy". En The Socio-Economic Transformation, 117–41. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230379039_8.
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Quintelier, Ellen y Marc Hooghe. "The Impact of Socio-economic Status on Political Participation". En Democracy in Transition, 273–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30068-4_14.
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Schridde, Henning. "Socio-Economic Exclusion and the Stability of the Urban Social Order". En Cities in Transition, 93–121. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333982273_8.
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Shumilina, Vera y Violetta Tyapkina. "Eco-socio-economic development of Russia". En Socio-economic and legal problems of modern society, 6–16. au: AUS PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/chapter_61e7f12a771db5.71762788.
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This article examines the principles of socio-economic development. The aim of the article is to find out how to achieve balanced development of society and society, based on the concept of sustainable development and the main role of man, who occupies a central place in the eco-socio-economical system, who is not an object, but a subject of development. The interconnections of sustainable development and their main components are considered. Necessary prerequisites for transition from traditional economic relations to new economy are touched upon
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Petrovic, Milenko. "Socio-Economic and Political Facts on Post-Communist Transition". En The Democratic Transition of Post-Communist Europe, 11–30. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137315359_2.
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Marr, Philipp, Stefan Winkler y Jörg Löffler. "Environmental and Socio-Economic Consequences of Recent Mountain Glacier Fluctuations in Norway". En Mountain Landscapes in Transition, 289–314. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70238-0_10.
Texto completoActas de conferencias sobre el tema "Socio-economic transition"
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Zhu, Zhiwen, Hongli Wang y Jia Xu. "Nonlinear Characteristics of Socio-Economic System During Economic Transition". En 2008 IEEE Symposium on Advanced Management of Information for Globalized Enterprises, AMIGE. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/amige.2008.ecp.50.
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Ge, Jiaqi y Bernardo Alves Furtado. "Simulating Urban Transition in Major Socio-Economic Shocks". En 2021 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wsc52266.2021.9715510.
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Селимова, Джамиля Джамаловна. "FACTORS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIFFERENTIATION OF TERRITORIES". En Исследование и практика в социально-экономической и гуманитарной сфере: сборник избранных статей Всероссийской (национальной) научно-практической конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Декабрь 2021). Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/ipgs323.2021.87.51.003.
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Социально-экономическая дифференциация территорий регионов РФ способствует торможению перехода экономики к новому технологическому укладу. Неравномерность распределения ресурсов приводит к снижению связности внутрирегионального экономического пространства, что требует обоснования механизма регулирования территориального развития с целью снижения масштабов внутрирегиональной дифференциации. The socio-economic differentiation of the territories of the regions of the Russian Federation helps to slow down the transition of the economy to a new technological order. The uneven distribution of resources leads to a decrease in the connectivity of the intraregional economic space, which requires a substantiation of the mechanism for regulating territorial development in order to reduce the scale of intraregional differentiation.
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Leontieva, A. N. y O. M. Bublis. "HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE CONTEXT OF SOLVING THE PROBLEM TRANSITION TO THE DIGITAL ECONOMY". En CONVERSION PROBLEMS AND REGULATION OF REGIONAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS. INSTITUTE OF PROBLEMS OF REGIONAL ECONOMICS OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52897/978-5-7310-6198-8-2023-52-64-67.
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The article examines the issues of studying human capital through the prism of the process of digital transformation of the economy and society, justifies the need to change the approach to assessing human capital, taking into account the components of digital maturity and the importance of continuous learning for its formation.
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Jiang, Qibo y Oinamei Tan. "Corruption and enterprise innovation under the background of transition in China". En 2019 6th International Conference on Behavioral, Economic and Socio-Cultural Computing (BESC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/besc48373.2019.8963024.
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Semina, Shezhana. "New Trends in the Development of Handicraft Industry in Irkutsk Province in the Second Half of the 1920s". En Irkutsk Historical and Economic Yearbook 2020. Baikal State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/978-5-7253-3017-5.19.
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The article highlights trends in the development of handicraft production in the conditions of recognition of market relations, mechanisms of socio-economic incentives to cooperative forms of Association, difficulties of transition of handicraft industry to cooperation, results and results of socio-economic development of handicraft production by the end of the 1920s.
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Gerni, Cevat, Selahattin Sarı, Mustafa Kemal Değer y Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "Liberalism and Economic Growth in Transition Economies". En International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00290.
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In the world economy, since 1960s, countries, which are open and apply liberal policies succeeded higher economic growth and welfare. Therefore, liberal policies became more attractive. In that case, the transition, which has political, economic, and socio-cultural aspects, means moving from socialist-authoritarian structure to market based-liberal structures. In the literature, there are many studies which point out labor force and capital are not significant on the economic growth. In addition, the literature focuses on the importance of institutions on the economic growth. In this study, we compare the countries which were quickly away from the socialist structures with the countries which were slow on the reforms. Our analysis depends on their economic growth with cross section. However, we know the importance of institutional aspects on the growth research; therefore, we applied 2SLS regression analysis and to determine the economic liberalism indicators we used political rights, civil liberties, years that were under the socialism, openness, secondary school ratio, and public spending/GDP ratio. In the late phase, GDP per capita, as an indicator of economic growth, is explained with an independent variable which is predicted in the first phase via liberalism variable, and labor-population ratio and constant capital stock GDP ratio variables used in Neo-classical Solow-type growth model.
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Kuznetsov, S. V. y E. A. Gorin. "Enterprises in a changing world: threats and opportunities for national industrial business". En Problems of transformation and regulation of regional socio-economic systems. INSTITUTE OF PROBLEMS OF REGIONAL ECONOMICS OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52897/978-5-8088-1783-8-2022-50-63-73.
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The consequences of the abrupt transition of technological and industrial relations that have developed in the world division of labor from globalization to isolationism are discussed. The changes in the activity of the enterprise as the basic link of industrial production in the modern conditions of the global economic crisis and the increase in sanctions restrictions are considered. The fundamental importance of cognitive sovereignty for ensuring technological independence is noted. The impact of technological modernization processes on the structure of production, the role of cooperation and specialization in the economic activities of enterprises and organizations, opportunities for the formation of new product niches in innovative directions are evaluated.
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Grigoreva, Ekaterina. "Sustainable Development in Russia: Specific Features of Transition Procedure". En International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01420.
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Current issues on economic security, preventing new challenges and threats to its strength and stability along with sustainable development of the regions require scientific background and scientific justification. New conceptual approaches to the mechanisms and methods are being searched for the purpose of the Russian Federation, as well as its constituent entities’, enterprises’ and organizations’, public and entrepreneurship activity spheres’ economic interests protection, which is reflected in the strategy of socio-economic development of the Russian regions.
The article considers conceptual frameworks of sustainable ecological and economic development at a global level. It defines the concept of sustainable development in terms of economic science and the range of its problems. It also discusses debating points of experts and volunteer environmentalists concerning the transition procedure to sustainable development models in Russia.
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Kostyrin, Evgeniy V., Evgeniy V. Sokolov y Tatyana V. Volokhova. "Breakthrough strategies for sustainable socio-economic development of enterprises and economy in Russia". En Sustainable and Innovative Development in the Global Digital Age. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.ecny9693.
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The developed in this article breakthrough strategies for sustainable socio-economic development of enterprises and the economy of the Russian Federation allow to meet the following expectations at quite achievable rates of enterprises revenue growth by 3% per year: 1) ensure the growth of wages for working citizens by 34% over 5 years at quite achievable rates of enterprises revenue growth by 3% per year, which will practically end poverty; 2) increase contributions to the development fund by 16% over 5 years. Almost 4 trillion rubles will accumulate already in the first year of implementation during the transition to social financial technologies on pension and medical accounts of the Russian Federation citizens, and 74 trillion rubles will have been accumulating by 2026.
Informes sobre el tema "Socio-economic transition"
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Lozano, Alejandra, Vicente Silva, Pedro Cisternas, Magdalena Sepúlveda, Sergio Chaparro, Sandra Guzmán, Felipe Pino y Liliana Avila. Green and Progressive Taxes for the Socio-Ecological Transition - Perspectives from Latin America and the Caribbean - Executive Summary. Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, diciembre de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53110/shrq7460.
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This summary discusses the need to implement green and progressive taxes in Latin America and the Caribbean in response to a triple planetary crisis that includes climate change, biodiversity loss, and water scarcity, exacerbated by marked regional inequalities. It argues that the region must lead tax reforms that address these challenges comprehensively, proposing specific taxes on the wealthiest and environmentally harmful practices. It emphasises the urgency of acting in a coordinated manner at both regional and global levels to ensure socio-ecological transitions that reconcile economic and social well-being with environmental sustainability, within a framework of justice and equity.
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Bößner, Stefan, Dimas Fauzi y Pranita Rimal. A just coal transition in Indonesia: actors, framings and future directions. Stockholm Environment Institute, octubre de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2023.051.
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Indonesia, the world’s third largest coal producer after China and India, committed to becoming a “net-zero” economy by 2060 at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP26) in Glasgow in 2021. However, reaching this objective will be difficult, given the importance of coal for both the country’s economy and power generation, but also necessary. Included in the many challenges are diverging visions of stakeholders as to how and sometimes whether to phase out coal usage, and how to follow a “just energy transition” pathway. This paper, based both on a desk review of scientific and other literature and on in-country stakeholder consultations, explores how those diverging visions and priorities might hinder a coal phase-down and, in the end, a phase-out of coal in Indonesia. In addition to exploring those visions, the report also sheds light on the socio-economic barriers to a truly just energy transition in the country.
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Alfonso, Mariana, Alexandre Bagolle, Dulce Baptista, maría Soledad Bos, Andreas Fazekas, Liora Schwartz, Adrien Vogth-Schilb y Manuel Urquidi. Advancing a Just Transition in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, octubre de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005216.
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To contain the climate crisis and meet the Paris Agreements goal of limiting global warming to 1.5C above pre-industrial levels by 2050, countries around the world need to undergo deep socio-economic transformations towards carbon neutrality. This transition towards net-zero can take many forms and pathways for each economic sector, but regardless of its shape, there will be winners and losers. For countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), for example, achieving this goal can bring significant net financial benefits, estimated at 1% of the regions GDP by 2030. But if not well managed, the transition runs the risk of increasing inequality and exclusion. For that reason, countries in the region should be mindful of ensuring that it is just and that its benefits are distributed equitably. They should also ensure that its negative impacts are avoided, or that policies to reduce and compensate for negative impacts, especially for low-income households, are introduced. The impacts range from the transformations of jobs, skills, households and communities to fiscal stability and challenges to the political economy. This document identifies the social impacts of the transition to net-zero for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). It discusses how a just transition is included in the climate change agenda and presents a set of actions that governments in the region can take to ensure that the transition to net-zero is just and inclusive.
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Elnour Abdelkarim, Zeinab. Assessing Sudan's Electoral Legal Framework. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, mayo de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2022.18.
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Assessing Sudanʼs Electoral Legal Framework provides an in-depth insight and analysis of Sudanʼs current legal framework for elections. It measures Sudanʼs legal electoral framework against a common international understanding of the principles, norms and obligations that define credible and democratic elections. The objective of this analysis is not to criticize or pass judgement on the countryʼs existing electoral processes; instead, it offers an unbiased assessment of how Sudanʼs existing electoral laws and country context create an enabling or disabling environment for free and fair elections. It provides comprehensive and constructive recommendations to strengthen existing legislation and improve fairness, uniformity, reliability, consistency and professionalism in Sudanʼs future elections. This Report also assesses the status of core democratic principles and freedoms that provide the foundation for credible elections and highlights any restrictions on these fundamental rights and liberties that could interfere with the countryʼs upcoming elections or delay its political transition. It calls upon the transitional government to protect citizensʼ rights and liberties and prevent abuses that may influence public trust, fairness, and openness of electoral and other transitional processes. Lastly, this Report discusses political, socio-economic, and legal issues impacting Sudanʼs roadmap to democratic transition before the October 2021 military coup.
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Bancalari, Antonella, Samuel Berlinski, Giancarlo Buitrago, María Fernanda García, Dolores de la Mata y Marcos Vera-Hernández. Health Inequalities in Latin American and the Caribbean: Child, Adolescent, Reproductive, Metabolic Syndrome and Mental Health. Inter-American Development Bank, octubre de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005208.
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Health constitutes a fundamental aspect of our well-being. It is also a key factor in determining our contribution to market and non-market output. Health inequality refers to the unequal realization of health outcomes between different groups in the population. Systematic disparities in health outcomes and in access to health resources not only undermine basic principles of fairness and social justice but also contributes towards perpetuating poverty and disadvantage. In this chapter, we start by presenting evidence on how the burden of disease in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has changed during the last 30 years. Consistent with the fall in fertility and population aging, the region has shifted from a burden of disease dominated by maternal, neonatal, and communicable disease in the 1990s to one dominated by cardiovascular disease, cancers, diabetes, and increasingly by mental health disorders. The poorest in the region are burdened by worst access to maternal care and higher levels of infant mortality and stunting. Despite being knowledgeable about contraceptive methods, young women in Latin America and the Caribbean have very high levels of teenage pregnancy with a steep socio-economic gradient. Noncommunicable diseases also affect the poor disproportionately in many countries. Finally, mental health is a growing source of lost days of healthy living among women and the poor. Overall, our results highlight that despite the epidemiological transition which is underway, socio-economic health disparities in the LAC region are still more important on early childhood and teenagerhood than in adulthood, at least as it pertains to the outcomes analyzed in this chapter. At the same time, we show that while socio-economic inequalities in child health are smaller in the richest countries, the contrary happens with inequalities in some adult outcomes.
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Bull, Benedicte. A Social compromise for the Anthropocene? Elite reactions to the Escazú Agreement and the prospects for a Latin American transformative green state. Fundación Carolina, octubre de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dtfo07en.
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The world is urgently facing the need for a “green transformation”, involving not only a transition towards the use renewable energy and reduction of biodiversity loss, but a deep social change towards social justice and sustainability. Such action requires social compromises between elites and popular sectors that allow the building of strong institutions to implement changes. Latin America is faced with huge tasks to increase equality, justice and sustainability, but it also plays a pivotal role in the global green transformation. The region is further characterized by both strong elites, strong socio-environmental movements and deep environmental conflicts making social compromises difficult. This Working Paper discusses elite reactions to the most advanced regional agreement on environmental regulation and conflict resolution, the Escazù Agreement. In many countries, elites opposed it vehemently referring to national sovereignty, but particularly rejecting the institutional implications of the agreement involving a stronger compromise to allow popular participation. This was opposed by economic elites in democratic countries (Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Peru) as well as governmental elites in authoritarian countries (El Salvador and Venezuela). However, in various cases, elite opposition was overcome after popular mobilization and dialogue. The paper discusses what we can learn from elite reactions to the Escazú Agreement of importance for future social compromises as a basis for the emergence for transformative states in Latin America.
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Tapia, Carlos, Nora Sanchez Gassen y Anna Lundgren. In all fairness: perceptions of climate policies and the green transition in the Nordic Region. Nordregio, mayo de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2023:5.1403-2503.
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The survey presented in this report reveals that Nordic citizens are concerned about climate change. Many people are willing to increase efforts to fight climate change, even if this entails a personal contribution in terms of higher taxes or behavioural change. The survey shows that different social groups perceive the impacts of climate change and climate mitigation policies in different ways. In general, attitudes towards climate policies and perceptions regarding their fairness are conditioned by socio-demographic factors such as gender, age, employment status, type of housing and transport behaviour. General attitudes towards climate change and climate policies The first part of this report explores general attitudes towards climate change and climate policies. This section shows that seven in ten (71%) respondents think that climate change is a serious or very serious problem, particularly among the youngest age group (18-29 years). Three in four (74%) interviewed persons in this group share this view. Those with a university degree are more concerned about climate change (83%) than those with primary or secondary education (57% and 62%, respectively). Approximately half (48-51%) of respondents in all age groups agree that more financial resources should be invested in preventing climate change, even if this would imply an increase in taxes. The survey results show that women in the Nordic Region are more concerned about climate change than men (79% compared to 64%). It also reveals that people living in urban areas are more worried about climate change (82%) than those who live in towns and suburbs (68%) or in rural areas (62%). Urban dwellers are also more positive about investing more resources in preventing climate change (59%) than those who live in rural areas (39%) and in towns and suburbs (46%). More than half of the respondents (52%) agree that taking further action on climate change would be beneficial for the economy. Students, unemployed and retired people are more likely to agree with this view (55%, 57% and 55%, respectively) than those currently in employment, including the self-employed (50%). Those employed in carbon-intensive sectors are less positive about the expected economic impact of climate policies than those who work in other economic sectors (41% compared to 55%). They are also more concerned about the risk of job losses during the transition to a low-carbon economy than those employed in sectors with lower carbon intensity (37% compared to 24%). Concerns about this issue are also higher among those who live in rural areas (31%) or towns and suburbs (30%) compared to those who live in cities (22%). Present and future effects of climate change mitigation policies on individuals and households The central part of the survey explores perceptions regarding the present and future impacts of climate policies. Such challenges are perceived differently depending on specific sociodemographic conditions. Nearly one fourth (23%) of respondents state that high energy costs mean they are struggling to keep their homes at a comfortable temperature. Those living in houses report being more impacted (27%) than those living in apartments (18%), and those using fossil fuels to heat their homes are most affected (44%). The risk of energy poverty is also higher among non-EU immigrants to the Nordic Region. Those who say they are struggling to keep their homes at a comfortable temperature range from 23% among Nordic-born citizens to 37% among non-EU immigrants. Nearly three in ten respondents (28%) have modified their transportation behaviour during the last year due to high fuel costs. This proportion is substantially greater among those living in towns and suburbs (32%) compared to those who live in rural areas (29%) or cities (23%). The majority of the Nordic population (52%) states that current climate policies have a neutral effect on their household economies. However, 28% of respondents say they are negatively impacted by climate policies in economic terms. Men report being negatively affected more frequently than women (33% vs 22%, respectively). People who live in houses are more likely to claim they are being negatively impacted than people who live in apartments (31% and 23%, respectively). Nearly half (45%) of the respondents in the Nordic Region agree that climate initiatives will improve health and well-being, and half of the respondents (50%) think that climate change initiatives will lead to more sustainable lifestyles in their area. However, half (51%) of the Nordic population expect to see increases in prices and the cost of living as a consequence of climate policies, and those who believe that climate policies will create jobs and improve working conditions in the areas where they live (31% and 24%, respectively) are outnumbered by those who believe the opposite (35% and 34%, respectively). Fairness of climate policies The last section of the report looks at how the Nordic people perceive the fairness of climate policies in distributional terms. In the survey, the respondents were asked to judge to what extent they agree or disagree that everyone in their country or territory is equally affected by initiatives to fight climate change regardless of personal earnings, gender, age, country of origin and where they live – cities or rural areas. The results show that the Nordic people believe climate change initiatives affect citizens in different ways depending on their demographic, socioeconomic and territorial backgrounds. More than half of the respondents (56%) disagree that everyone is equally affected by initiatives to fight climate change regardless of earnings. Only 22% agree with this statement. Younger age groups are more pessimistic than older age groups on this point (66% in the 18-29 age group compared to 41% in the 65+ group). Almost half of respondents (48%) agree that climate policies are fair from a gender perspective, while 25% disagree with this statement and 23% are neutral. Roughly one in three (30%) respondents in the Nordic Region agree that people are equally affected by climate change initiatives regardless of age, 41% disagree with this statement and 25% are neutral. More than one third (35%) of the Nordic population agree that everyone is equally affected by initiatives to fight climate change regardless of the country of origin, while 34% of them disagree. More than half of respondents (56%) think that the impact of climate initiatives differs between rural and urban areas, while only 22% think that all areas are equally affected. Respondents who live in cities are more likely to respond that climate policy impacts differ between rural and urban areas (60%) than respondents who live in rural areas (55%) and towns and suburbs (53%). One third (33%) of respondents in the survey think that the Sámi population is affected by climate change initiatives to the same extent as the rest of the population. In Greenland, a majority of the population (62%) agrees that the indigenous population in Greenland is equally affected by measures to combat climate change. The results from this survey conducted in the autumn of 2022, show that the population in the Nordic Region perceive the impacts of climate mitigation policies in different ways. These results can raise awareness and stimulate debate about the implementation of climate mitigation policies for a just green transition.
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Hausner, Beatrix, Samira Karner, Hannah Tomasi y Azadeh Badieijaryani. Energy consulting: A tool for inclusion? Users TCP, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47568/7xr134.
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This case study was conducted within the framework of the Austrian task participation IEA User-Centred Energy Systems Empowering all: Gender equality for the energy transition and analyzes to what extent the instrument of company-independent energy consulting in Austria addresses different target groups and takes gender and diversity aspects into account. Energy efficiency, climate neutrality in heating and electricity consumption are relevant aspects for the implementation of the energy transition. In addition, longer-term cost reduction for energy use is increasingly relevant for consumers and households. In Austria, therefore, company-independent energy consulting is offered and required renovations are partially subsidized (Stadt Wien, 2022). From a gender and diversity perspective, the following questions arise in this context: Who can take advantage of energy consulting? Who benefits from energy consulting? Are gender aspects, migration, age and socio-economic factors, as well as the overlaps of mentioned aspects (intersectionality) taken into account? What should be considered in gender and diversity friendly energy consulting? What could be a suitable approach for gender- and diversity-friendly energy consulting? In order to answer these questions, results of the international literature on the aspect of inclusion in energy consulting were first compiled, which were used for the development of the guideline for the data collection tools and for the data analysis. Based on this, internet research on the implementation of company-independent energy consulting and its funding opportunities in Austria was conducted. The unanswered questions about the systematics and processes of energy consulting were answered in a semi-structured expert interview with a person who conducts energy consulting. The case study is structured as follows: First, essential terms are explained. Then, the relevance of the case study for Austria as well as the international state of research are presented. This is followed by the results of the research and the interview along the guiding themes and the discussion of the results. Finally, the results are summarized, and recommendations are elaborated.
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Greenhill, Lucy. MASTS ‘Brexit’ event – summary report. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.25094.
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Background. As negotiations continue in relation to the UK’s departure from the European Union, considerable uncertainty remains around the final structure of any deal and the implications across all policy areas. Maritime issues are of key concern in Scotland and numerous reports and opinions are accumulating, highlighting significant areas of concern, ranging from fisheries to decommissioning, and some potential opportunities. There is a critical need for knowledge and capacity to support and influence the on-going negotiation process, at both the Scottish and UK level. Expertise regarding the broad range of marine research, operations and commerce is in demand to support discussion, promote interests and secure advances where possible. Such discussion must be based on the best available science but taking into account the socio-economic and historical context. The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland1 (MASTS) is supporting this discussion, providing scientific expertise and promoting the development of emerging policy and progress towards sustainable marine management, during the transition period and for the post-departure UK organisation. This workshop, supported by MASTS, brought government and academia together to consider the legal, governmental and research framework under which Brexit is taking place and to identify priority areas and activities where information can be shared and options considered for enhancing scientific support for the Brexit process. The objectives were to: • Understand current status of Brexit with respect to marine systems and research capacity, including the legislative framework • Identify the priority gaps in knowledge • Develop ways to enhance communication pathways for the best scientific advice required to support the Brexit process.
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Abdullah, Hannah, Karim Elgendy y Hanne Knaepen. Climate Resilience in Cities of the EU’s Southern Neighbourhood: Opportunities for the EU Green Deal. The Royal Institute of International Affairs, noviembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc016.
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Cities in the Middle East and North Africa are already suffering the effects of climate change. Weak urban regulation, ineffective climate policies, limited decentralization and insufficient empowerment of local authorities and civil society further decrease urban resilience. Future climate scenarios and projected urban growth threaten the stability of the region; with potential negative knock-on effects on Europe. This CASCADES Spotlight Study examines climate vulnerabilities in urban areas in countries to the south of the EU and the wider Middle East and North Africa region and advocates for systemic approaches to addressing urban climate resilience by strengthening the water-energy-food nexus, as well as other enabling factors such as decentralization. It concludes with recommendations on how the European Green Deal can help cities in the region adapt to climate impacts, based on a water-energy-food nexus approach. Over the past two decades, the European Commission has stepped up its support for urban climate action and resilience. An increasing number of programmes financed under the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) South have addressed urban climate resilience in response to the region’s rapid urbanization and the high climate vulnerability of cities. The number of urban dwellers in the wider Middle East and North Africa region is estimated to reach 527 million in 2050, an increase of 72% compared to 2020. At the same time, climate impacts – including both slow onset changes and sudden disasters – are putting additional stress on urban infrastructure. This stress is aggravated by weak urban regulations that have created unsustainable development trends which undermine the potential benefits of urbanization and adversely affect urban climate resilience. The prevalence of highly centralized administrative systems and incomplete decentralization reforms hamper local capacity building and decision-making, which are prerequisites for effective adaptation and resilience. At the same time, climate impacts – including both slow onset changes and sudden disasters – are putting additional stress on urban infrastructure. This stress is aggravated by weak urban regulations that have created unsustainable development trends which undermine the potential benefits of urbanization and adversely affect urban climate resilience. The prevalence of highly centralized administrative systems and incomplete decentralization reforms hamper local capacity building and decision-making, which are prerequisites for effective adaptation and resilience. The convergence of the region’s harsh climatic conditions with rapid, unsustainable urbanization and the associated socio-economic burdens can exacerbate existing political instability, conflict-induced migration and poverty. These developments could cascade into the EU, altering security, trade and diplomatic relations with the Southern Neighbourhood. The EU’s evolving approach to working with local authorities on urban infrastructure and climate governance is a first step towards addressing the region’s intertwined urban and climate crises. However, this approach is still in the early stages and there is a need to reflect on lessons learned and how urban spaces, climates and governance are evolving in the region. This study suggests that the EU’s overwhelming focus on supporting cities in the region with energy efficiency and the transition to sustainable energy systems is not enough to strengthen urban climate resilience. In cities of the Southern Neighbourhood, which typically struggle with resource management and scarcity, climate resilience will increasingly depend on local capacities to formulate and implement nexus approaches, especially in the water, energy and food sectors. Based on case studies of three small and intermediary urban areas, the study advocates for a systemic approach to addressing urban climate resilience in Southern Neighbourhood cities. Considering the established effectiveness of applying a water-energy-food nexus approach to improving climate resilience, the paper stresses the need for local governments to explore nexus opportunities between the water, energy and food sectors in order to achieve resilient and sustainable urbanism, while also highlighting other enabling factors such as decentralization. It concludes by exploring how future external action around the European Green Deal and its ambitions for systemic transformation could benefit from stepping up cooperation with cities in the Southern Neighbourhood around the water-energy-food nexus.