Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Societies (National and patriotic), Armenian"
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HOVSEPYAN, Aghvan. "Patriotism And Armenian Statehood In The Norms Of Armenian Law". WISDOM 14, n.º 1 (24 de marzo de 2020): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v14i1.318.
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The purpose of the article is to study and present the sources of Armenian law that contain provisions on patriotism and Armenian statehood.
To achieve this goal, our task is to investigate the legal and patriotic labor standards of Hakob and Shahamir Shahamirian’s Girk Anvanial Vorokait Parats (Snare of Glory). It is no secret that the work "Vorokait Parats" is one of the most important documents of Armenian law, which for the first time in the reality of Armenia presents a holistic and orderly system of norms of various branches of law.
As a result of the research were applied both scientific (analysis, the principle of historicity) and special (comparative legal) methods.
The study of the above mentioned legal and patriotic norms gives us the opportunity to conclude that they play a key role in the development of our national, legal, political thought and are a kind of value radiating patriotism.
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Petrosyan, D. V. y T. R. Danielyan. "The Translational Fiction Literature in the Armenian Magazines of Tiflis (1860–1881)". Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 22, n.º 6 (22 de agosto de 2023): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2023-22-6-47-59.
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The article analyzes the tendencies of the development of Armenian translated fiction and its importance as a communication channel in the genesis of national identity. The magazines under study published those works in which the collective image of the nation and its axiological system were embodied, and parallels were drawn between its past and present. Under the influence of socio-political and cultural factors, translated literature developed both in intralinguistic and inter-lingual directions and turned into one of the main catalysts for the formation of the modern Armenian language. The literature translated into Armenian improved the structure of the modern Armenian literary language and replenished its vocabulary with neologisms and borrowed words. Quantitative and qualitative analysis indicates that the thematic vector is shifting from social problems to patriotic content. Compositions of patriotic themes, in addition to aesthetic perception, awakened the national dignity of the Armenian people, faith in the revival of the Homeland, and Their own future. Comparison with the Russian newspaper “Kavkaz” (“Caucasus”) of the same period confirms the directly opposite thematic preferences of the editors: the literary geography in the Russian newspaper covered the South-East, and in the Armenian magazines – the North-West.
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ASLANYAN, ASHOT y GAGIK KHACHATRYAN. "PATRIOTIZM IN THE SYSTEM OF IDEOLOGICAL BASIS OF TRANSFORMING". Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 2, n.º 2 (11 de septiembre de 2013): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v2i2.281.
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Patriotism is perceived differently. It is always important and it is the ideological basis on which the state builds its strategic goals. Our transforming society is not in a state of many existing spiritual and moral, social and political ideological trends and tendencies have finally sorted out the formation and establishment of its most affordable, efficient model. This model should facilitate a uniform and harmonious development of the whole Armenian society and its full integration into the community of civilized nations, without the loss of Armenian national identity. This article attempts to study philosophical approaches of ideological foundations of educating the society, the role and place of patriotism, as well as patriotic education in the context of these views. The article reflects the principles and particular importance of the military–patriotic education of the most active part of the society – the youth.
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Gasparyan, Luiza A. y Zaruhi G. Hayryan. "Sayat-Nova’s Oeuvre in the Light of Interpretation and Translation by V. Bryusov". Studia Litterarum 9, n.º 1 (2024): 168–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2500-4247-2024-9-1-168-185.
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Each national literature is a part of national history. It presents the features of the national culture and the people who live and develop in specific cultural and traditional conditions. Each nation has its unique genius that sings the national beauty. Armenian ashug Sayat’-Nova’s creativity has had a significant influence on Armenian literature. Sayat’-Nova, as a national poet, had created poetry with its genre subdivisions. We can consider such categories as spiritual, patriotic poetry, glamorous social poetry, and folk-gusan songs. The present research has been carried out along the lines of Sayat’-Nova’s verbal creativity through the interpretive prism of theorists and literary critics with special reference to Valeri Brusov, who highlighted the exclusive richness of Sayat’-Nova’s artistic devices, the peculiar features of his literary genre, style, and language. The article focused on the relevance of Russian-Armenian literary relations, which became particularly crucial with the publication of Valeri Brusov’s anthology “Poetry of Armenia” in 1916. The outstanding Russian writer, critic, and translator has highly appreciated the exceptional richness of Armenian literature and interpreted each piece of verbal creativity with great accuracy. His opinion is that Sayat’-Nova name deserves to be a part of world literature. Armenian ashug has to stand next to the honored names and glorified works of Western literature.
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Hovhannisyan, Susanna. "Hovhannes Tumanyan’s role in activities of the Armenian Relief Committee (1921–1923)". Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, n.º 3 (mayo de 2023): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.3-23.088.
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The purpose of the article is to fill one of the relatively little-studied pages of the scientific biography of the great Armenian poet Hovhannes Tumanyan and his national-patriotic and social activities. The task of the article is to show the Hovh. Tumanyan’s role in the activities of the Armenian Relief Committee. Armenian historiographic science distinguishes three periods of the Committee’s activity: 1921–1923, 1923–1931, 1931–1937). However, Tumanyan’s role in the implementation of program tasks and in the formation of the Committee in the first period of its activity has not been studied either in historiography or in literary criticism. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the study of the Hovh. Tumanyan’s activities as chairman of the Armenian Relief Committee. The presentation of historical events in the article, accompanied by scientific comments, argues the importance of studying this “white page” of Armenian reality, its topicality and its relevance to today. The article discusses Tumanyan’s efforts to establish relationships between the newly created Soviet Armenia and foreign Armenian diasporas, to form a positive attitude towards the new social formation that won in Russia. The historical and narrative aspect in the article is presented in the context of the human character and psychological portrait of Hovh. Tumanyan.
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Григорян, Арсен Артурович. "National Church Council of the Armenian Apostolic Church in 1945: Preparation and Decisions". Церковный историк, n.º 1(3) (15 de junio de 2020): 16–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/ch.2020.3.1.001.
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Национально-церковным собором называется Поместный Собор Армянской Апостольской церкви. Состоявшийся в 1941 г. собор из-за отсутствия необходимого кворума не смог решить важнейшего вопроса церкви - выбрать Верховного Патриарха и Католикоса всех армян, поэтому Армянская церковь семь лет оставалась без католикоса. Разрешение и поддержку правительства СССР в проведении очередного собора церковь получила благодаря своей патриотической деятельности в годы Великой Отечественной войны. Для своего времени собор является уникальным, поскольку собрал большое число делегатов из зарубежных епархий; особенно важно было присутствие Киликийского католикоса, Иерусалимского и Константинопольского патриархов. Изумляет также царившая на соборе атмосфера единомыслия советских и зарубежных представителей церкви. 22 июня 1945 г. абсолютным большинством Католикосом всех армян был избран архиепископ Геворг (Чеорекчян). Кворум Национально-церковного собора позволил рассмотреть и ещё один важный вопрос - разработку «Конституции Армянской Национальной Святой Апостольской Церкви». The National Church Council of 1945 was a Local Council of the Armenian Apostolic Church. Due to the absence of the quorum, the council that took place in 1941 could not resolve the most important issue of the church - to elect the Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, so the Armenian Church remained without a Catholicos for seven years. The church received permission and support from the government of the USSR in holding the next council thanks to its patriotic activities during the Great Patriotic War. For that time the Council was unique, as it gathered a large number of delegates from foreign dioceses; the presence of the Catholicos of Cilicia and the Patriarchs of Jerusalem and Constantinople was especially important. The atmosphere that prevailed at the Council - the spirit of unanimity between all the representatives of the church, both from Soviet Union and abroad - was also amazing. On June 22, 1945, Archbishop George (Chorekchian) was elected Catholicos of all Armenians. The quorum of the National Church Council made it possible to consider another important issue - the development of the «Constitution of the Armenian National Holy Apostolic Church».
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GATRELL, PETER. "Displacing and Re-placing Population in the Two World Wars: Armenia and Poland Compared". Contemporary European History 16, n.º 4 (noviembre de 2007): 511–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777307004158.
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AbstractDuring the twentieth century Armenia and Poland alike were sites of widespread population displacement, which brought into sharp focus arguments about national ‘survival’ advanced by patriotic leaders who found in refugees the embodiment of recurrent national suffering. Population displacement also attracted external support from sympathetic foreigners and from the Armenian and Polish diaspora, who regarded it as an affront to civilisation. Among Armenians a groundswell of support for repatriation gathered momentum after both world wars, because Soviet ‘protection’ offered the most realistic chance for national survival. In contrast many Poles opted not to return to Poland after 1945, regarding the communist takeover as a betrayal of Poland's struggle for independence.
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Hahner. "The National Committee of Patriotic Societies and the Aesthetics of Propaganda". Rhetoric and Public Affairs 17, n.º 1 (2014): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.17.1.0035.
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Шагоян, Гаяне. "«Национальное по содержанию и социалистическое по форме»: Палимпсест мемориалов Советской Армении". Bulletin of Armenian Studies, n.º 9 (5 de abril de 2023): 122–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.58226/2579-275x-2022.9-122.
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В статье рассматривается мемориальная культура советской Армении, где один из основных идеологических принципов «национальное по форме и социалистическое по содержанию» здесь действовал с точностью до наоборот: «национальное по содержанию и социалистическое по форме». Такая подмена происходила особенно в тех мемориалах, которые отсылали к существенным для армянской идентичности историческим сюжетам (геноцид армян в Османской империи, отчасти Великая отечественная война). Возможность вписать советский мемориальный язык в национальный контекст является результатом семантической связи народных поминальных традиций с соответствующими религиозными практиками, а также ассоциативной связи архитектуры, считающейся «национальной», с церковной. С другой стороны, мемориальный язык армянского советского модернизма позволил найти с точки зрения идеологии такую нейтральную форму, которую можно было заполнить замалчиваемой советскими властями темой геноцида. The article deals with the memorial culture of Soviet Armenia, where one of the main ideological principles “national in form and socialist in content” was acting exactly in the opposite way: “national in content and socialist in form”. Such a substitution took place especially in those memorials that referred to historical subjects important for the Armenian identity (Armenian genocide in the Ottoman Empire and partly the Great Patriotic War). The chance to inscribe the Soviet memorial language into the national context was the result of the semantic connection of folk obitual traditions with the corresponding religious practices, as well as the associative connection of the “national” architecture with the church one. On the other hand, the memorial language of Armenian Soviet modernism made it possible to find such a neutral form from the point of view of ideology, which could be filled with the theme of genocide hushed up by the Soviet authorities.
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Suslov, Aleksei, Irina Belova y Elena Litinskaya. "Legal and civil patriotic education in Russia university as a factor of sustainable development societies". E3S Web of Conferences 295 (2021): 05011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129505011.
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The article analyzes the problem of forming patriotism and citizenship during the period of students ’ education in higher educational institutions. Educational work is considered as an integral part of the educational activity of a higher educational institution. The goals and objectives of legal and civil patriotic education, its role in the formation of a fullfledged citizen and patriot of their country are formulated. The article reveals the successful experience of individual educational institutions in organizing mass events of a civil-patriotic orientation among students, as well as the difficulties and problems in conducting them. Special attention is paid to the experience of the Kazan National Research Technological University.
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Dzyra, Olesia. "RELATIONS BETWEEN UKRAINIAN PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS IN CANADA IN 1918–1939: CONFLICTS ON IDEOLOGICAL AND CONFESSIONAL GROUND". Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, n.º 24 (2019): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2019.24.12.
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The article describes the division of the Ukrainian community of Canada in the interwar period into a number of public and political organizations. The focus is on the national and patriotic bloc, which opposed the communist one. The basis of this bloc constituted liberal the Ukrainian self-reliance league of Canada, nationalist the Ukrainian war veterans association in Canada, the Ukrainian national federation of Canada, conservative the Ukrainian catholic brotherhood of Canada, and the United hetman organization. The basis of the various conflicts in the bloc, including differences in ideological postulates of liberal, nationalist and conservative societies and views on the religion of Orthodox and Greek Catholics who were members of the organizations mentioned above are analyzed in the study. It is described how opposing parties resisted against each other, and what role the press played in those conflicts. The article also enlightens attempts of agreements between public organizations and mentions joint actions to support the Ukrainian issue in the world. The common goal could reconcile the national and patriotic public associations at the time of the formation of the Ukrainian Canadian Committee on November 7, 1940, which marked a new stage in the social and political life of the Ukrainian Diaspora, as it was emphasized in the article. The reasons that hindered Ukrainian societies from reaching a mutually acceptable consensus and promoted further aggravation of relations were elucidated. The main consequences of conflicts in the environment of national and patriotic public organizations were identified, namely how it was reflected in the social and political life of the Ukrainian diaspora during the interwar period, how it was perceived by the ruling circles of Canada, and how it was used by the communist groups.
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ATANESYAN, ARTHUR. "SOME POLITICAL-ECONOMIC FACTORS OF PERCEPTION OF EUROPE IN ARMENIAN SOCIETY". Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 12, n.º 3 (12 de diciembre de 2016): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v12i3.148.
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The article discusses the possible impact of such events as economic crisis in the EU, unprecedented immigration to the EU countries from the Middle East and social changes in European societies on perception of the image of «Europe» outside its borders. Armenian society used to perceive «Europe» not only because of the events mentioned, but based on much more essential factors including Armenian national identity and its correlations with «Europe», socioeconomicties with the EU, as well as participation in the alternative projects, such as membership in the Eurasian Economic Union. Besides, being affected by the Russian Media space and having an impact of Russia-made approaches and stereotypes about Europe, Armenia has its specific scope of arguments and factors which make its perception of «Europe» different.
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CHURA, Vasil. "Lviv as a Center of National Revival During the Period of “Perestroika”". Наукові зошити історичного факультету Львівського університету / Proceedings of History Faculty of Lviv University, n.º 22 (14 de julio de 2022): 138–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/fhi.2021.22.3705.
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At the turn of 1980s the Communist Party leadership dared to introduce a policy of “perestroikaˮ as a way to preserve Russia's political monopoly in a multinational country, the principles of which had been significantly shaken. However, the “perestroikaˮ was unsuccessful attempt to install democratic tools and the elements of a market economy into the autocratic Soviet background and its planned economy. This unnatural synthesis led to a partial weakening of the political regime in the country, which manifested itself in the form of a policy of publicity. It made the numerous communist crimes of the past decades, carefully concealed by the Communist Party publicly available and began the process of demolishing the Communist Party doctrine in general and communist structures in particular. For centuries, patriotic Lviv was one of the first cities in the USSR to perceive “perestroikaˮ not as a democratic renewal, but as an opportunity for Ukrainian national revival. In 1986–1987, “informalˮ societies appeared in the city. All of them came under the control of pro-Russian communist and Komsomol organizations in the city. However, the debating historical, cultural and artistic activities of the young “informalsˮ were filled with national content by semi-legal human rights unions, which advocated depriving the Communist Party of a monopoly on political power in the USSR and thus restoring Ukraine's state independence. The synchronization of the activities of “informalsˮ and human rights activists gradually transformed them into non-communist-controlled national organizations, whose program goals took on anti-communist features and whose activities gave rise to the first street protests. The key feature of 1989 was the rapid politicization of national societies, which lost their “informal” features and accepted the demands of the patriotic public of Lviv. This process resulted in strikes and “rally marathons, which turned the democratic movement into a national one and gave it liberating features. In 1990, the national societies of Lviv became the basis for the consolidation as well as the foundation of political parties that deprived the Communists of power in the city before the collapse of the USSR and the restoration of state independence of Ukraine. At this stage, the national movement was so politicized that it acquired pronounced state-building features. The final stage of Lviv's national revival was 1991. Patriotic citizens, led by political parties, were ready to repel the State Committee of Emergency Situations and were preparing for an indefinite political strike. After the failure of the coup in the USSR, the Lviv national authorities deprived Communist Parties of property and put this organization outside the law.
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Hambardzumyan, Naira V. "Armenian Charitable Organisations of Constantinople and the Problem of Female Emancipation". Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 67, n.º 4 (2022): 1160–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.408.
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The aim of the research is to study the activities of Armenian national, charitable organizations, boards of trustees, unions, colleges and schools established in the large cities of the Ottoman Empire with considerable Armenian population, particularly in Constantinople, in the second half of the 19th century. The charities helped schools and colleges with clothing, daily allowance, stationery, and financial means. The study undertakes to classify these companies and unions according to the purpose of their humanitarian and patriotic activities and their ideological basis. It is important not only in terms of systematization of charities and colleges but also in terms of women's issues in Armenology. The relevance of the study concerns the formation of ideas about women's issues and the awakening of women's self-consciousness in the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. As a result, in the context of women's emancipation processes, not only the function of the Armenian charitable associations and colleges founded in the Ottoman Empire in the second half of the 19th century, but also their goals, plans, strategies, and ideological bases have been studied. In addition, the research examines the issues of women's rights, emancipation, education, and upbringing in the period in question. Charities, schools and colleges founded by women functioned as a result of activities for the benefit of the nation. Many graduates of these institutions later became teachers, worked in newly opened schools and colleges, and spread progressive ideas of women's emancipation.
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García-Bryce, Iñigo. "Politics By Peaceful Means: Artisan Mutual Aid Societies in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Lima, 1860-1879". Americas 59, n.º 3 (enero de 2003): 325–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2003.0010.
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In July 1866, Lima conducted its independence celebrations with great fanfare. The festivities began at the main portal of the walled city, where the members of various patriotic associations gathered to celebrate Independence Day. The participants included the Sociedad de Fundadores de la Independencia, the veteran corps from both the Independence Wars and from the recent war with Spain, the national fire brigades, and the members of an artisan society named the Sociedad de Artesanos de Auxilios Mutuos. Together they sang the national anthem while standing at the foot of a Tree of Liberty, a republican symbol dating back to the French Revolution. They subsequently marched into the city, thus initiating two days of celebrations that included fireworks displays and an intricate reenactment, in Lima's central plaza, of the recent naval combat with Spain. In the course of the ceremonies, two artisans were presented with prizes, one for the most outstanding piece of craftsmanship (in the 1866 celebration the prize was won by Vicente Pedraza for making an organ) and the other for the artisan who had shown the most bravery during the recent military encounter with Spain. The prizes were in the amount of 200 soles. At another point in the celebrations the Chief of the Artisan Fire Brigade gave a patriotic speech and following the speech a young girl offered the President Mariano Ignacio Prado a laurel wreath in the name of the artisans.
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Perga, Tetiana. "National-Patriotic Education of Ukrainian Youth in the CYM Ranks in Canada and Australia (1950’s – 1960’s)". American History & Politics Scientific edition, n.º 8 (2019): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2019.08.06.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the positive experience of the Ukrainian diaspora in the implementation of national-patriotic education of youth in the 1950s and 1960s. The task of the research is to compare the situation in the countries located on different continents – Canada and Australia. The object of the research is the activities of the Union of Ukrainian Youth – SUM. This scientific problem has still remains the “white spot” in the Ukrainian studies. It has proved that the concept of national-patriotic education of the youth formed in Canada in the 1950s-1960s on the initiative of political migrants of the third wave of Ukrainian emigration. Great role in this process played WCFU. This determined the necessity to prepare the potential human resources for the struggle with the Soviet totalitarian regime: future fighters had to identify themselves with Ukrainian nation, love Ukraine and want its independence. The tasks of the Ukrainian educational system, the purpose of the educational ideal of Ukrainians in the diaspora, the main principles and directions of national-patriotic education has investigated. The main institutions that were to implement them have identified, such as following: church, school, family, youth organizations, cultural and educational societies. It have concluded that the main principles of national and patriotic education of Ukrainians were realized in both countries, and much attention was paid in this context to the development of Ukrainian schooling, preserving and spreading of Ukrainian culture, camps. In spite of significant difficulties, in the 1950s-1960s CYM СUM activities in Canada and Australia have brought a number of positive results. In particular, it promoted the unity of Ukrainian youth, the education of patriotism, self-identification, and continuity of traditions of national liberation struggle. At the same time, the nature of the measures implemented in these countries determined by the peculiarities of living in the countries of the new settlement, the size of the diaspora and its financial resources. In this context, CYM activities in Canada was more complex.
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Seyrayan, Lilit. "The poetic world of Arshak Chopanyan". JOURNAL FOR ARMENIAN STUDIES 5, n.º 59 (16 de diciembre de 2022): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/journalforarmenianstudies.v5i59.20.
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The poetics of the great figure of Armenian culture, cultural critic, literary critic, publisher, editor, national public figure, poet, writer, playwright, translator, propagandist of Armenian culture in the West A. Chopanyan undoubtedly bears the stamp of ideology and poetics of symbolism, in particular, French and Russian symbolism, but the subtle and deep structure of his unique imaginative thinking is based on the tradition of national poetry, also due to his temperament. In the process of researching the poetic world of Arshak Chopanyan, taking into account the available valuable meta-text, structural-semiotic, psychological, comparative-historical methods, principles of historical and cultural research, interdisciplinary approaches were combined. The main themes, motifs and symbols of Chopanyan's poetic world were highlighted and emphasized, among which the national-patriotic theme, the theme of life and death, the motif of silence, the aesthetics of white, olfactory motifs, the relationship of the moment and eternity, fairy tales and boredom of life, dreams and reality, symbols butterfly, star, shooting star, lily, sea, parallels sea-life, sea-woman, woman-life and woman-death. These symbols form a unique sign system. By studying the semantic nuances and interactions of these symbols, analyzing the historical and cultural context, comparative historical research, and some interdisciplinary observations, the overall picture of Chopanyan's poetic world was revealed. A number of Chopanyan's poems about love, about the cosmic thought, in particular, a poem with the refrain "Hate, but don't forget me", revealing one of the layers of the psychology of love, can be presented to the court of world poetry. Short and long poems, poems in prose, white, blue or,, gloomy,, sonnets, rondos, geghons and taghs with personal, national and universal significance are ultimately aimed at revealing the mystery of existence.
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Kvas, Olena y Magdalyna Marushka. "Teaching Ukrainian folk dances to children and youth in Galicia (1919–1939)". Visnyk of Lviv University. Series Pedagogics, n.º 35 (2021): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vpe.2021.35.11310.
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The article is devoted to the peculiarities of teaching Ukrainian folk dances to children and youth in Galicia (1919-1939), when it was important to preserve national identity, and the study of folk choreography was one of the means of national-patriotic education and cultural development. The authors argue that the interest in folk dance was revived under the influence of a choreographer Vasyl Avramenko’s performing skills and pedagogical activity. Vasyl Avramenko ystematized the theory and practice of folk dances teaching and opened the first school of Ukrainian national dances. The school functioned in various cities of Galicia. It is emphasized the role of cultural, educational and sports societies and organizations in popularizing the art of folk dance among children and youth. Thus, folk dances were taught at various courses, clubs and societies such as «Prosvita», «Ukrainska Zakhoronka», “Ridna shkola”, gymnastics societies «Sokil», «Luh» etc. It is discovered that at concerts on various holidays children and youth performed Ukrainian folk dances and music performances based on folk motifs interpreted by Vasyl Avramenko, Oksana Sukhoverska, Volodymyr Terletskyi, Yaroslav Bulka, Petro Lazoryshchak and other choreographers. The most popular folk dances were: «Kolomyika», «Arkan», «Kateryna», «Chumak», «Kozachok», «Hopak», «Zhuravel». Dancers performed them solo, in pairs or in groups. Although the methodolody of dance teaching was not systematized and well-developed, students developed a sense of rhythm and harmony, grace, plasticity, artistry. This was confirmed by numerous positive reviews on the performances of young Ukrainian dancers in the press of the time. Keywords: folk dance, folk dance courses, cultural and educational organizations, youth societies.
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Bevzyuk, Y. y O. Tabanyukhova. "Early Intellectual Institutions of the Scientific and Academic Phase of the Czech National Revival". Problems of World History, n.º 10 (27 de febrero de 2020): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2020-10-4.
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The article deals with the process of formation of the Czech national identity, a distinctive phenomenon that has combined ethnic originality and the common flow of formation of European nations. As a large-scale European phenomenon of the period of formation of nations, this process was a multifaceted and multilayered social movement. The latter defined not only the cultural, social and political conditions of the modern nations and states, but also their national ideas, which have continued shaping the real content of the modern European history. As a matter of fact, the formation of the modern quality of the Czech society largely depended on educational intellectual societies, scientific and educational institutions and public organisations that generated the elements of intellectualisation of the public, formed an independent personality, promoted the cultivation of a civic duty. In general, the activities of early academic institutions were not just a changing subject in the political complex of the imperial cultural architecture. Early Czech patriotic institutions served as catalysts for the process of modernisation of national consciousness. At the same time, they remained Zemsky institutions with a small readership, and, of course, in some way, this reduced the intensity of the national process. Taking into account the linguistic basis of the formation of the scientific and patriotic Czech institutions, the fact, that all of them have gained experience of public education, should be emphasized; the process of spiritual institutionalisation of the "third state" was initiated, the linguistic ideologeme of the Czech National Revival grew stronger and later became part of political programmes of future national Czech parties.
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Shi, Yudan, Eric King Man Chong y Baihe Li. "Chinese civic education being globalised". Social Transformations in Chinese Societies 15, n.º 1 (7 de mayo de 2019): 37–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/stics-11-2018-0016.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare the curriculum developments of civic education in three emerging Chinese societies: China and two Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macao, which are increasingly under the impacts of globalisation in this information world. Design/methodology/approach The analytical method is used and the following are identified: active and global civic education-related learning units and key themes and main contents in official curriculum guidelines and updated textbooks related to civic education. Findings A major finding is that elements of both active and global citizenship, such as participation in the community and understanding about the world and thus forming multiple identities, can be found alongside their emphasis on enhancing national citizenship. Thus, ideas of global citizenship and multiple levels of citizenship from local, national to global start to develop in these three Chinese societies. Social implications The implications of such findings of both active and global citizenship, as well as multiple identities, found in these three Chinese societies could be huge for informing civic literature and sociological point of views, in particular, pointing to the next generations receiving a broadened and transcended notion of multiple levels of citizenship, apart from local and national citizenship. Originality/value The significance of this paper is that it argues that ideas of active citizenship in terms of community participation and global citizenship have been found in China, Hong Kong and Macao civic education curriculum and textbooks because of the expectations placed on students to compete in a globalized world, though national citizenship and patriotic concerns have been primary concerns. Globalisation makes the world society by impacting on these three Chinese societies for active and global citizenship, though they still retain their particular curricular focusses.
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Demirtshyan, Movses. "The Culture of Community Life in the Context of National Identity". Bulletin of Yerevan University E: Philosophy, Psychology 13, n.º 1 (37) (3 de mayo de 2022): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/bysu:e/2022.13.1.027.
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Modern processes of globalization present new challenges for different societies and cultures, as they relate to everyday relationships of people and change the way of life that has developed over the centuries. When living conditions change very slowly - over the course of dozens of generations, the reproduction of culture, which acts primarily as a system of prohibitions, is able to organize the life of each subsequent generation in the same way through norms, values and ideals inherited from the past, which may not change significantly, because the social environment hasn`t changed. But in the modern world, when radical changes take place already in the life of one generation, it is obvious that simple reproduction can no longer give the culture viability and duration. The article shows that rich and viable, first of all, is the culture that is able to adapt to the changing reality and offer alternative ways of organizing life. Alternative in this case are all mechanisms that allow groups of people (nations, ethnic groups), while maintaining their cultural identity, to express themselves and find their place in a changing reality. This experience of adaptation and survival was also historically acquired by the Armenian people, who, in the conditions of geographical fragmentation and deprived of the opportunity to unite into a single national state, were forced to organize their lives through autonomous cultural communities. The main task of cultural communities was mainly survival, not development, but thanks to this, members of the communities acquired such qualities as initiative, flexibility, awareness of belonging to “we” (family, community). This rich experience of Armenian culture is also the basis for the fact that in this case the culture takes birth to a nation-state, unlike many Western countries, where the nation-state purposefully creates and disseminates national culture - a common language, norms of behavior, narratives, values, etc.
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Erina, Yu I., T. K. Kim, G. A. Kuzmenko y A. V. Kravchenko. "The Ideological Basis of Sports, Military-Sports Training and Patriotic Education of Russian Schoolchildren in the Reflection of the Conceptual Lines of Mentors’ Worldview". Prepodavatel XXI vek, n.º 3/1 (30 de junio de 2023): 240–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2073-9613-2023-3-240-255.
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The article reveals personal ideological grounds for conducting educational activities in sports, military-sports training and patriotic education of Russian schoolchildren. The worldview positions of teachers-mentors are revealed, the pedagogical characteristics of the categories “military-sports training” and “patriotic education” are given, their content directions and the problems of recruiting teenagers and youth for classes in the Centers are determined; the goals and targets of the individual for military-sports training are highlighted, the tasks are specified; the Centers range of activities and the vision of the prospects for cooperation with educational, public organizations (Russian Army, Air Force and Navy Volunteer Society; sports societies), executive authorities, uniformed agencies, military units in the Russian Federation subjects are presented, taking into account probable difficulties in communicating with teenagers, boys, girls; the vectors of education, teaching, upbringing, development of those involved are determined with the characteristic of expected results of the mentor’s professional work, psychological and activity portrait of the shaped military-sports pedagogical and student team; features of transferring the experience by those involved in the Center for military sports training and patriotic education to their peers are characterized; requests for material and technical support are systematized taking into account the regional characteristics of the Centers’ organization, national and cultural issues, climatic and territorial conditions for the activities implementation.
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Barinova, O. N., O. N. Kuzina y I. V. Manaeva. "Armenian Diaspora of Mordovia: Socio-Cultural Portrait (Experience of Sociological Analysis)". Discourse 10, n.º 1 (23 de febrero de 2024): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-42-55.
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Introduction. The relevance of studying national diasporas in Russia is due to the intensification of ethno-confessional contradictions in the near abroad and the expansion of migration flows. The importance of the issues of adaptation and integration of migrants within the framework of established regional societies increases, a certain conflict potential within diasporas is fixed. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the data of the sociological study of the Armenian Diaspora for 2023 was introduced into scientific circulation. The purpose of the article is to describe the sociocultural portrait of the Armenian Diaspora in the conditions of a multi-ethnic and multi-confessional region (Republic of Mordovia).Methodology and sources. The genre of the sociological portrait in the framework of the study of society involves a comprehensive description of society, a systematic analysis of its basic characteristics. The authors compiled a sociocultural portrait of the Armenian diaspora, and at the same time emphasized the problems of adaptation and integration of Armenians into the multiethnic space of the region.Results and discussion. The primary data were the results of two waves of sociological research in 2017 and 2023, conducted by employees of the State Institution of the Republic of Moldova «Scientific Center for Socio-Economic Monitoring». 185 respondents were interviewed in 2017 and 285 in 2023. The sample is targeted, the recruitment of respondents was carried out through regional diaspora networks, as well as by the «snowball» method. As a result, the features of the settlement of the Armenian Diaspora, employment and labor practices are identified. The article characterizes the ethnic and confessional attitudes of the diaspora, and also reveals the specifics of social identity and linguistic attitudes.Conclusion. The socio-cultural portrait of the Armenian Diaspora in Mordovia is quite static and differs in already formed features. The social well-being of Armenians in Mordovia is generally positive. Positive assessments prevail in the perception of the financial situation, relations with the local society, and respect for their rights. The integration processes taking place in the Armenian Diaspora are characterized by a high degree of expression and positive dynamics, but do not imply complete assimilation. Integration occurs with varying degrees of intensity in specific areas of everyday life, such as economic, social, cultural and political.
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Sliužinskas, Rimantas. "Folklore Life in Multicultural City of Klaipeda (1990-2015)". English version, n.º 10 (22 de octubre de 2018): 200–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.51515/issn.2744-1261.2018.10.200.
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The fatal social disasters have taken place in the city of Klaipėda by the end of the Second World War. After 1945, very few local bilingual (Lithuanian and German speaking) people could be found in Klaipėda. Almost all of the survivors had moved to Germany to escape the Soviet occupation. Soviet authorities created favourable social conditions for skilled volunteers, who came to deserted city from other regions of Lithuania, and from all over the Soviet Union, to work in Klaipėda port and to restore the entire marine industry in the 1950s–1960s period. The Russian, Belorussian, German, Jewish, Ukrainian, Polish, Latvian, Tartar, Armenian, Azerbaijani, and other national minorities have become an integral part of the social and cultural life in contemporary Klaipėda. In the light of these historical facts, the goal of the article is to discuss the possibilities of the most representative national societies to maintain and promote their ethnic roots, traditions and the authentic folklore in the city at present times.
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Smyrnov, I. y O. Lyubitseva. "DEVELOPMENT OF KAMIANETS IN PODILIA AS A COMPLEX TOURIST DESTINATION: RESOURCES OF CULTURAL-COGNITIVE, NATIONAL-PATRIOTIC, MYSTICAL AND MEMORIAL TOURISM". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, n.º 80-81 (2021): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2021.80-81.8.
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The peculiarities of the resource base for the complex development of tourism in Kamianets-Podilskyi, in particular the cultural-cognitive, national-patriotic, mystical and memorial types of tourism are revealed. Resources of cultural, cognitive and mystical tourism are considered on the example of images of Coats of arms and Latin inscriptions on ancient buildings of the city-fortress. Tourist resources during the subordination of Podillya to the authorities of other states were emphasized: “Lithuanian” Kamianets, “Polish” Kamianets, “Turkish” Kamianets, “Armenian” Kamianets, “Jewish” Kamianets. The Polish-Lithuanian period of the city’s existence has left behind numerous Coats of arms and inscriptions in Latin on fortifications, including “autographs” of two Polish kings – Stefan Batory (1585 A. D.) and Stanislaw August Poniatowski (1785 A. D.), which are extremely valuable historical and tourist attractions, in particular for the development of mystical tourism. The resources of national and patriotic tourism are related to the capital status of the city of Kamianets-Podilskyi during the UPR in 1919–1920. As for the resources of memorial tourism, they are related to the Holocaust of the Jewish population in Ukraine during World War II. Ten places of the most massive executions of Jews in Ukraine by the Nazi occupation authorities during World War II have been identified and described in the corresponding table. Crimes in Kyiv (Babyn Yar – almost 34 thousand people) and in Odessa (25 thousand people) have had the largest number of victims. The third-largest number of victims was the Kamyanets-Podilsky Massacre (23,000 people), but it was the first chronological case of the Nazi massacre of Jewish population in Ukraine. The peculiarities of the mass extermination of the Jewish population in Kamianets-Podilskyi, where a ghetto was created not only for the local Jewish population, but also for deported Jews from Hungary, are highlighted. Three “waves” of memorialization of Holocaust memorial sites in Kamianets-Podilskyi have been identified, the main monuments of the Holocaust have been described, and directions for its further memorialization and using in tourism have been proposed.
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Canitez, Ilker Salih y Tulay Canitez. "Wood Construction System of Traditional Edirne Houses". Advanced Materials Research 778 (septiembre de 2013): 935–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.778.935.
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Architecture heritage is one of the most considerable items that create the identity of the city. Architecture heritage transmits to following generation with its original form and special features are the basic principle of conservation. The most characteristic factor for continuity is fixed building materials and building technologies. Through the study; it is analyzed those wood constructions, usage of materials and methods of construction were built in the late 19 century and early 20 century and also hardly accessible in Edirne where the societies lived together with their different national and religious values (Grek, Bulgarian, Armenian, Jewish...). It is intended to secure this cultural heritage with its methods of construction and all details against the danger of extinction and to transmit following generations. Keywords: Wood Construction System, Tradional House, Sustainable Conservation
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Lekesizalın, Ferma. "Cosmopolitan Discourse in Amin Maalouf’s Les Échelles du Levant". Mediterranean Studies 31, n.º 2 (octubre de 2023): 204–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/mediterraneanstu.31.2.0204.
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ABSTRACT This article investigates the cosmopolitan discourse of Amin Maalouf’s novel Les Échelles du Levant, published in English in 1996 as Ports of Call. Centered on Ossyane Ketabdar’s memories, the novel reconstructs the history of the Levant from the viewpoint of the oppressed and portrays the devastating effects of nationalism and national struggles on the Levantine cultures and societies. Born to a Turkish father and Armenian mother, Ossyane grows up in the cosmopolitan and multicultural atmosphere of Beirut, where he learns to question parochialisms. His cosmopolitan agency is based on the moral principle of recognition and respect for the other. Centered on an uprooted and liminal protagonist with a mixed identity, Les Échelles du Levant explores cosmopolitan agency as a form of resistance against homogenized and consolidated subject positions produced by the modern nation-states.
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Klay Kieh, George. "Warlords, Politicians and the Post-First Civil War Election in Liberia". African and Asian Studies 10, n.º 2-3 (2011): 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921011x586979.
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AbstractThe issue of post-conflict elections has become one of the major areas in both the scholarly literature and in policy circles. This is because post-conflict elections are considered critical to the peacebuilding process in war-torn societies. The rationale is that post-conflict elections can be used to address the vexing problem of choosing the leadership for states recovering from war. With the leadership chosen in the context of free, fair and transparent elections, it can then shepherd the arduous process of rebuilding the society. In this vein, using the first post-conflict election in Liberia as a case study, this article examines the electoral landscape, and the factors that led to the Taylor-led National Patriotic Party (NPP) winning a landslide victory.
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Medjedovic, Janko y Boban Petrovic. "Predictors of party evaluation in post-conflict society: The case of Serbia". Psihologija 46, n.º 1 (2013): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi1301027m.
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The goal of present study is to increase understanding of evaluation of political parties by exploring their relations with dispositional constructs conceptually related to political behavior. These are: personality traits, social attitudes and the Ethos of conflict, which emerges from protracted violent conflict between societies. The conflict examined in this study involves Serbs and Albanians in Kosovo. Principal components analysis conducted on parties? preferences isolated two dimensions which can be broadly interpreted as Socio-liberal and National-conservative orientation. Regression analyses have shown that these two dimensions are explained mostly by the Ethos of conflict, followed by social attitudes and personality traits. Personality traits of Honesty and Originality predict evaluation towards Socio-liberal parties. High patriotism and a positive evaluation of one?s own nation characterize supporters of National-conservative parties, while Socio-liberal participants have low patriotic attitudes and do not consider that the aims of Serbian politics in Kosovo automatically exclude the Kosovo Albanian aims.
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Pobedonostseva-Kaya, Angelika. "“The Soviet Government Approves of Our Religion”: Yezidism in Soviet Cinema". Oriental Courier, n.º 3 (2022): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s268684310023761-5.
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Yezidi studies in Russia and the USSR were connected, first of all, with the general development of Kurdish studies. Due to long-term social isolation and religious persecution, the Yezidis were a closed society, which, due to its low social “proletarian” status, was considered by the Bolsheviks as a society capable of assimilating a new revolutionary ideology. One of the most important elements of nation-building was the formation of a national identity among the ethnic groups of the eastern and southern regions of the USSR through the promotion of the ancient heritage of these peoples, as well as the interpretation of their religious traditions as part of their national identity. Unlike the European part of the country, here it was about pre-modern societies and was complicated by tribal and religious aspects. National minorities in the USSR were often assigned to one or another republic, within the framework of which they received the institutions of modern culture and elements of their own administration. In Armenia, home to the largest Yezidi community in the region, Kurdish identity has long been linked to Islam, which could potentially also mean opposition to modern Armenian identity, which emphasizes Christianity. The Armenian side made references to the common past during the First World War and looked for additional ethnic groups as potential allies. Armenia's monopoly on the Kurds and Yezidis is reflected in the cinema. There were few films dedicated to the Kurds during the entire existence of the SSR of Armenia. The main emphasis in the report is made on the films of the interwar period: “Zare” (1926) and “Yezidi Kurds” (1932). These paintings are interesting not only as one of the earliest depictions of Kurdish society, but also as an attempt to represent and interpret Yezidi rites and customs on film.
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Tserkovnyk, S. I. "Legal basis for the regulation and functioning of youth sports and educational organizations in Eastern Galicia from 1848 to 1939". Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 1, n.º 81 (27 de marzo de 2024): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.81.1.15.
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The Prosvita Society in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries played a key role in the formation and development of the Ukrainian cultural and educational sphere in Eastern Galicia. Its activities were based on historical and legal principles that determined its purpose, tasks and organisational structure. The main goal of Prosvita was to raise the educational and cultural level of Ukrainians. Its activities were based on the idea of national and cultural consciousness and self-awareness. It also promoted the creation of an extensive network of societies covering different segments of the population. This allowed for the formation of a united community that understood national needs and aspirations. She actively worked on the Ukrainisation of the school system and the promotion of the Ukrainian language in the educational process. «Prosvita» initiated and supported the creation of various public, educational, cultural and other organisations, such as «Selskii Hospodar», «Maslosoyuz», «Narodna Torgovlya», «Ridna Shkola», «Ruska Besida», «Union of Ukrainian Women», «Sokil», «Sich», «Plast», «Luh» and many others. It played a prominent role in the national liberation movement, in which Prosvita was considered one of the main institutions that fostered patriotic feelings and national consciousness among Ukrainians. The organisational structure of Prosvita helped to unite Ukrainians into a strong and well-organised community that was ready for self-determination and national revival. It actively worked to preserve and develop Ukrainian culture and identity, supporting Ukrainian traditions and language. A number of student organisations, such as the Ukrainian Student Society Sich, Academic Circle, Druh, Druzhnyi Lichvar, Academic Brotherhood, Vatra, Academic Community, Osnova, and Ukrainian Student Union, demonstrate the diversity and multilayered nature of the Ukrainian student movement. They worked on the basis of the leading higher education institutions of Lviv, such as Lviv University and Lviv Polytechnic. On the eve of the Second World War, in the western part of Ukraine, particularly in Galicia, there were a significant number of youth associations that were united into county unions. These associations ranged in size from 10 to 30 local societies and performed various functions in the fields of sports, culture, and education. At the end of May 1933, there were 109 unions in Galicia, uniting 12 county and 254 local societies. Their membership totalled 13,245 people. The societies were actively engaged in various activities such as football, volleyball, skiing, drama, and other types of cultural and educational events.
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Gantsev, Sh Kh, A. M. Belyaev, V. V. Starinsky, E. R. Ivanova y Sh R. Kzyrgalin. "Establishment of the Russian Oncology Service after the Great Patriotic War". Creative surgery and oncology 10, n.º 2 (26 de julio de 2020): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24060/2076-3093-2020-10-2-162-170.
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Oncology was officially acknowledged as a separate branch of medical science 75 years ago. Historically, it was landmarked by Order No. 323 of the People’s Commissariat for Health of the USSR of April 30, 1945 “On efforts to improve national oncology care”. This decision triggered deployment of a network of oncological institutions that covered almost the entire country in relatively short time and persists today. Aside to rapid revival of existing cancer institutions, new research centres for oncology and radiology, cancer dispensaries and rooms were being set up to gear universal and comprehensive case archival, due-time tumour diagnostics and vocational training, along with manifold other measures to contain cancer. A milestone event was the erection of the Oncological Society in 1954 by the Scientific Council Presidium of the USSR Ministry of Health. The Moscow and All-Union oncological societies contributed greatly to establishment of the Oncology Service and promoted the prestige of Soviet oncology, professional activity in the Union’s republics and overall effectiveness against cancer. Involvement of outstanding scientists, leading oncologists and healthcare decision makers in fostering the Oncology Service cannot be overstated. Today, a progress is made towards understanding the roots of cancer, supply of medical institutions with state-of-the-art equipment, implementation of effective diagnostic and therapy practices. Nevertheless, as yet timely remain further enhancement of preventive medicine, deployment of regional programs for cancer monitoring, education and higher-level professional training, remodelling of diagnostics and care in specialised oncological and primary medical institutions, creation of a unified system for prevention, earlier diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Jurek, Tomasz y Agnieszka Połaniecka. "Physical education and sports in Polish education in Germany in the years 1918–1939". Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe 6, n.º 4 (2023): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/sit.2023.04.02.
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Between 1918 and 1939, Germany had a Polish population of about 1.5 million. Most Poles lived in Silesia, East Prussia, the central part of the country, Rhine-Westphalia and the eastern borderlands. One of the forms of patriotic activity to avoid assimilation was physical education, sports, tourism and recreation, the gymnastic movement within the framework of the Gymnastic Society “Sokol”. An important role in this national activity was played by Polish education in Germany. Educational affairs were handled by the Union of Polish School Societies, established in 1922. Among many subjects, physical education classes and extracurricular sports activities were very popular. In the years 1918–1939, a real battle for Polish school in Germany with physical education classes and after school activities took place. This struggle affected mainly the Polish- German borderland and in this particular area the sport activities were also the most visible ones. Physical education had a utilitarian and a preventative role, but the Polish activists also laid an emphasis on the high standards of the physical education classes and after school activities that were very often educational and patriotic. All primary school students took part in obligatory physical education classes and additional after school activities. It should be noted that all students of Polish schools in Germany attended compulsory physical education lessons.
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Rusyn, Halyna. "YOUTH PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS AND THEIR ACTIVITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF ETHNIC PEDAGOGICS OF WESTERN UKRAINIANS". Social work and social education, n.º 2(7) (29 de septiembre de 2021): 278–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2618-0715.2(7).2021.244861.
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This article analyzes the activities of children and youth organizations with a pronounced national pedagogical component. It is noted that the progressive development of these organizations acquired the features of consistency at the turn of the 20th century. Social movement in the student environment is associated with education in many educational institutions in Western Ukraine's school communities. With their help, Ukrainian literary circles, theatres, libraries were created, which, on the one hand, contributed to the youth’s self-education, on the other – reflected the people's pedagogical experience of teaching and upbringing of children accumulated over centuries; student societies often issued their periodicals.
The ethnopedagogical component of the activities of created youth organizations and movements ("Sokil", "Sich", "Plast", "Lugh", Kamenyary”, "Dorist", etc.) is analyzed. People's pedagogical foundations of their activities expressed in moral and ethical principles, included, as a rule, the upbringing of a healthy body and spirit of the young generation of the Ukrainian nation, love for Ukraine, concern for the national honour, the development of a strong character, ability and aptitude for daily work and cohesion. The connection between the content of the activities of youth organizations and movements and the leading ethnopedagogical concepts is highlighted: Family
(these public organizations declared and embodied the enduring value of the Ukrainian family as the most important unit of national education and the formation of a Ukrainian patriotic character), language (all youth societies of the late XIX - early decades of the 20th century were Ukrainian-speaking and considered the Ukrainian language as an indispensable basis for their nationally oriented activities), Faith (each of the youth organizations had representatives of Christian churches, most often - Greek Catholic), Society (each of such organization was itself a community, implemented a social model of functioning and management; the collective nature of decision-making provided youth organizations with wide popularity and respect among the Western Ukrainian national-conscious community).
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Korolchuk, Olena L. "National resilience in democracy: Ukrainian experience". Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine 28, n.º 2 (25 de junio de 2021): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37635/jnalsu.28(2).2021.34-46.
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The actuality and importance of this issue are due to the fact that ensuring resilience of the nation and the country and modern development of democratic societies requires synergistic activities and effective dialogue between public authorities and citizens to understand the problems and needs of the state and society, especially under rapidly changing turbulent conditions. The purpose of this article is to identify the main threats to Ukraine and clarify the definition of national resilience, understanding that the basis of the interface between national security and national resilience is the human perception of these problems, including their relationship to the government and administrative institutions. The leading approach to the study of this issue was content analysis, which allowed to provide the main answers, in accordance with the goal – to identify the main threats and clarify the concept of national resilience; statistical methods were also used – combined methods of data collection and processing, such as generalization and systematization, processing of sociological information, assessment of distribution patterns, graphical method, etc. The article reveals that the main threats to Ukraine among the Ukrainian student youth are considered to be the internal challenges of governing society, external threats to territorial integrity and economic danger; at the same time, we update the concept of national resilience, emphasizing the most commonly used components, such as the ability of nations and countries to successfully overcome internal and external threats, while maintaining patriotic spirit and national identity, given the high level in quality of life in a socially independent country. This article has practical value for rethinking the term “national security” and “national resilience”, according to their characteristics, bringing the quality of the results of this concept to the most satisfactory for both the state and its citizen. Thus, the development of necessary measures of resilience in Ukraine can be directed; the results of the article can be used by scientists, practitioners, government officials, civil society for the development and implementation of this concept in Ukraine and be a basis for further study of this concept in other democracies
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Bottoni, Stefano. "Finding the Enemy: Ethnicized State Violence and Population Control in Ceaușescu's Romania". Journal of Cold War Studies 19, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2017): 113–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00766.
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State violence as a complex system of ideological prescriptions, normative values, and everyday practices has been emerging as a major topic in the study of Soviet-type regimes. Overcoming the Cold War preoccupation with the totalitarian character of these societies, new historiographical approaches put at the center the changing degree of physical and psychological violence. This article sketches the evolution of state violence concepts and practices in Communist-era Romania, focusing on the treatment of the large Hungarian minority in Transylvania. Although Nicolae Ceaușescu's Romania has been largely acknowledged as a special case, incompatible with the overall development of the Soviet bloc, it is possible to apply the model of “civilized violence” and “reliability of expectations” to the specific conditions of the late phase of Romanian national Communism. The most primitive forms of physical violence such as shooting or the savage beating of inmates never disappeared from the power instruments available to the different repressive bodies, but these techniques were supplemented by more refined attempts to encourage social collaboration based on patriotic conviction.
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Lobacheva, Yulia. "Women’s Organizations in Belgrade from the Last Quarter of the Nineteenth to the Early Twentieth Centuries". Central-European Studies 14, n.º 5 (2022): 347–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2619-0877.2022.5.14.
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This article considers the emergence and activities of women’s organizations in Belgrade from the last quarter of the nineteenth to the early twentieth centuries. An attempt is made to show that their features, circumstances of formation, and activity are connected with the history of Serbian society from the second half of the nineteenth to the early twentieth centuries. Special attention is paid to the position and particular aspects of the life of Serbian women at that time, as well as the history of women’s education, in the context of which the Women’s Higher School in Belgrade is mentioned. This paper considers the foundation and work of several charitable and charitable patriotic societies and briefly presents the activities of the Serbian National Women’s Union, the Working Women’s Society (Consciousness), and the Secretariat of the Women of the Social Democrats. Attention is drawn to the great role of educated women in the foundation and work of such organizations, who were undoubtedly of outstanding personal qualities, and had the desire and opportunity to work for the benefit of society and the country. The attitude of Belgrade society and the state to their activities is also examined. It is emphasised that the “collective”, patriotic, and heroic principles characteristic of the Serbian worldview manifested in the nature and activities of a number of organizations. This occurred at a time when there were no real internal or external conditions for the development of a movement in favour of changes in the position of women in Serbian society or broadening their rights. The research is based, in particular, on the testimonies of some Russian observers (scholars-Slavists, travellers etc.) who visited or lived in Serbia in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, which complement the idea of the overall picture of Serbian and Belgradian life at that time.
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GALYAPINA, Victoria, Oksana TUCHINA y Ivan APOLLONOV. "ACCULTURATION OF ARMENIANS IN RUSSIA: ROLE OF SOCIAL IDENTITIES AND DIASPORA ACTIVITY". CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS 22, n.º 4 (17 de diciembre de 2021): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37178/ca-c.21.4.10.
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The Armenian diaspora is one of the largest in Russia and in the world. The Armenians living in the Krasnodar Territory are a large and active group, thus, an investigation into the problem of their acculturation is of scientific and practical importance. Based on the theory of social identity, the theory of acculturation, and the regional socio-cultural context, the study focused on the role of ethnic, regional and Russian national (civic) identities and diaspora activity in the acculturation of the Armenians in the Krasnodar Territory. The study used the scales from the MIRIPS project questionnaire (Mutual Intercultural Relations in Plural Societies). The sample consisted of 181 respondents. Using structural equation modeling, the ethnic and Russian national identities of the Armenians living in the Krasnodar Territory were revealed as factors that contributed to their integration, and regional identity—as factors that fostered assimilation. Diaspora activity was determined by both ethnic and regional identity and predicted the Armenians’ attitudes towards integration and separation. Also, diaspora activity of the Armenians in the Kuban region facilitated the interconnection of ethnic and regional identities with the separation strategy. In general, the study revealed that all identities (ethnic, regional and Russian national) contribute to a certain degree to the acceptance of the host society culture by the Armenians in the Krasnodar Territory. At the same time, diaspora activity can be an effective mechanism for the adaptation of migrants or a source of problems associated with increased impenetrability of diaspora’s borders, the migrants’ exclusive focus on their ethnic group and their decreased desire for sociocultural integration into the host society. It is important to take this into account when shaping the regional interethnic relations policy.
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KAMENTSEV, Denys. "THE ROLE OF VOLODYMYR SALSKYI IN THE ORGANIZATION UKRAINIAN MILITARY EMIGRATION (1921-1940)". Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood 31 (2018): 190–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2018-31-190-202.
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The study considers the issue of saving the tradition of Ukrainian statehood in emigration, which is essential and challenging in modern historiography. It is noted that the contribution of individuals to the organization of emigrant life, preservation of national culture and identity remains poorly investigated, despite the considerable interest of researchers in its institutional level – the activities of Ukrainian political, public and cultural organizations and societies. At the personal level, on the example of Volodymyr Salskyi, the contribution to the cause of the organization of Ukrainian military emigrants' life was investigated. The basic directions of V. Salskyi's activity regarding preserving the wholeness, structure and combat capability of the UNR's Army, improving the material and living conditions of the former military, increasing their educational level, professional skills (through the organization of various military training courses and training of former UNR officers), as well as supporting the patriotic spirit were analyzed. The strategy and practical steps of V. Salskyi as the Minister of Military Affairs in exile for providing activities of emigrant political and public structures in various foreign centers such as Poland, Czechoslovakia, France, and Bulgaria are presented. In particular, the focus is on personnel policy, the creation of a human intelligence network that not only carried out intelligence assessment in the region but also tried to consolidate Ukrainians, organized their national and cultural life in new places. Keywords Ukrainian military emigration, Volodymyr Salskyi, UNR State Center, UNR Ministry of Military Affairs.
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Митрофанов, А. А. "The Idea of the «Nazione Piemontese» in Italian-French political thought. Patriotic discussion of 1799". Диалог со временем, n.º 80(80) (5 de diciembre de 2022): 253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2022.80.80.014.
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Статья посвящена рассмотрению концепта «нации» в политической франко-итальянской публицистике Пьемонта периода Французской революции и французской оккупации. Анализ публицистики 1799 - начала 1800-х гг. показывает, что в дискуссии о судьбе Пьемонта активно участвовали как радикальные, так и умеренные республиканцы, члены различных клубов и обществ. Идея французского правительства и части итальянских республиканцев о присоединении Пьемонта к Французской республике вызвала мощное сопротивление среди интеллектуалов. «Патриоты» 1799 г. рассматривали создание особой Пьемонтской республики как часть проекта будущего объединения Италии. Они обосновывали суверенитет «пьемонтской нации» или «субальпийского народа», апеллируя к чувству местного патриотизма, национальному характеру, языку, истории, традициям и вере. Анализируется влияние, которое оказали пьемонтские интеллектуалы конца XVIII в. на становление традиций политического партикуляризма и местного национализма в революционный период. Отмечается, что идея особой «пьемонтской нации» получила развитие и в публицистике эпохи Наполеоновского господства в Италии. The article is devoted to the consideration of the concept of «nation» in the political thought of Piedmont during the French Revolution and French occupation. Analysis of political writings of 1799 – early 1800s. shows that both radical and moderate Republicans, members of various clubs and societies, actively participated in the discussion about the fate of Piedmont. The idea of the French government and part of the Italian republicans to annex Piedmont to the French Republic provoked strong resistance among intellectuals. The Patriots of 1799 saw the creation of a special Piedmont republic as part of the project for the future unification of Italy. They substantiated the sovereignty of the «Piedmontese nation» or «subalpine people» by appealing to the feeling of local patriotism, national character, language, history, traditions and faith. The influence of the intellectuals of Piedmont in the late 18th century is analyzed on the establishment of traditions of political particularism and local nationalism in the revolutionary period. It is noted that the idea of a special «Piedmont nation» was also developed in the political literature of the era of Napoleonic rule in Italy.
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Bagriy, Maria. "ГРОМАДСЬКО-ПОЛІТИЧНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ТА НАЦІОСОФІЯ ВАСИЛЯ СТЕФАНИКА ЯК ОСНОВА ДЕРЖАВНИЦЬКОЇ ІДЕОЛОГІЇ". Mountain School of Ukrainian Carpaty, n.º 24 (1 de junio de 2021): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/msuc.2021.24.28-30.
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The article is dedicated to Vasyl Stefanyk, who not only wrote a bright page in the history of national literature, representing the literary process of its western region, but also significantly contributed to the formation of Ukrainian national education.The writer actively raised issues of education, social struggle, and political confrontations in his work and voiced them in the pages of contemporary periodicals, expanded his creative contacts with Ukrainian periodicals, intensified his activities as a publicist, which actually contributed to the rapid development of Ukrainian journalism. imprint of pedagogization: reflected the problems of development of the Ukrainian school, raised topical issues of national education, included works of modern authors and writers of the past, covering the heroic and patriotic theme, ie Ukrainian periodicals fulfilled its social function - to awaken the people of the region. consciousness of children, youth and adults, «enlightened» them, and so on. These works of Stefanyk were closely connected and caused by their active civil position.The article presents the term «national philosophy», which was introduced into the scientific lexicon in the 1930s by the Ukrainian sociologist, political scientist and ethnologist of Polish-Lithuanian origin O.-I. Bochkovsky. Having singled out nationalism as «pure science», O. Bochkovsky also included the philosophy of the nation, which he called «national philosophy», in the competence of the latter. It must become a «method of sociological typology and characterology» of nations. According to the scientist, the competence of national philosophy «includes the clarification of the problems of the nation from the ideological and philosophical point of view, therefore, the scientific coverage of issues such as nation and humanity, cosmopolitanism, internationalism and nationalism. Vasyl Stefanyk's socio-political achievements became more accessible to people through Ukrainian periodicals, served as a means of educating national consciousness, patriotism, love for the native land, opened a treasury of oral folk art, formed a sense of pride in belonging to the great "Russian people". This journalism even served as a didactic material for educational initiatives of Ukrainian public societies in the field of adult education.
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Boiko, Svitlana. "EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES IN THE CREATION OF MODERN UKRAINIAN NATIONAL IDENTITY: FROM THE TOTALITARIAN CONFLICT TO THE EUROPEAN DIALOG". Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, n.º 23 (2018): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2018.23.18.
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The article studies the problem of forming Ukrainian national identity of the Ukrainian citizens, which becomes crucial in the modern Ukrainian studies discourse, especially during the opposition to the hybrid war initiated by Russia against Ukraine. The formation of a national identity is a decisive socio-cultural trend not only for Ukraine, but for the whole of the modern world. The urgency and importance of this problem is expressed in the fact that for some societies, the crisis of national identity has become such forms and scales that overcoming it means not only the choice of an adequate strategy for development, but also becomes a problem of survival. The attention is drawn to the fact that since the establishment of the new Ukrainian state in 1991, Ukrainians haven’t managed to overcome Russian identity with its “friendship of nations” and great Russian culture. The majority of citizens in the new country have preserved the distorted understanding of their own history and state traditions, related to the historical myths and a pantheon of historical heroes and traitors. It is determined that our state must construct its own policy of shaping Ukrainian national identity, which must be implemented in the system of education and upbringing of the younger generation. This context requires giving credence to the researchers’ opinion about the priority of education as the key factor for shaping modern Ukrainian national identity, which serves as the base for the national development, national security, and consolidation of the Ukrainian society. It is with education that modern scholars associate the implementation of the state policy of preserving the united socio-cultural space of Ukraine, the formation of a value system, genuine citizenship and patriotism, the formation of a consolidation of society and Ukrainian national identity. Today, the Ukrainian education is undertaking a journey from de-ideologization and humanization to the national focus on the European vector of transformations. Special attention is paid to the educational strategies: National Education Development Strategy for 2012–2021, Strategy of National and Patriotic Education of Children and Youth for 2016–2020, «Ukraine 2020» Sustainable Development Strategy, etc.
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Assev, Sergey Yu y Yaroslava Yu Shashkova. "Factors in the Formation of Patriotic Values and Attitudes in High School Seniors (Case Study of Siberian Federal District)". Integration of Education 26, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2022): 559–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/1991-9468.108.026.202203.559-578.
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Introduction. The issue of patriotism tends to be one of the most discussed in official discourse on the Russian youth. Still the issue lacks explicit conceptual interpretation and consistent mechanism of implementation at different levels. The article aims at evaluating the scope of influence of the specifics of the regions, their socio-cultural, informational and institutional environment on the way senior school children understand patriotism, the type of patriotism dominating their conscience and their attitude to patriotic education in Russia. Materials and Methods. The article draws on the surveys of the pupils of 8th–11th grades of secondary schools in 10 regions of Siberian Federal District (n =2 050 people; non-linked quota samples with monitoring age, grade, type of locality and region). The data were collected through direct questionnaires at the respondentsʼ place of study. Results. The article has revealed prevailing emotional interpretation of patriotism by senior school children. The model of “blind” patriotism and its activity-orientated interpretation are wide-spread among school children of national republics, while “constructive” patriotism is spread among school children of administrative regions. The factors determining this split are peculiarities of the environment, values, current and prospective political involvement of the youth, the level of its trust for social and political institutions. The article has traced the influence of the dominant models of patriotism and the degree of school children involvement into the system of patriotic education on their attitude to this system, their evaluation of its forms and methods. Based on the conducted survey the article has proved the consistency of applying models of “constructive” and “blind” patriotism to composite societies on both a country and a region level. Discussion and Conclusion. The conclusions and the materials of the research can be useful for state departments of youth policy, youth social and political organizations, institutions of education as well as for research in politics and sociology of youth.
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Munn, Jamie. "Gendered Realities of Life in Post-Conflict Kosovo: Addressing the Hegemonic Man*". Nationalities Papers 34, n.º 3 (julio de 2006): 289–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990600766552.
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In 2005, years after an enforced peace was constructed between Serbia and its Albanian-majority province Kosovo, the outcome of a better life for ordinary citizens seemed yet to be fulfilled. However, this was not the most important change in the lives of Kosovars. I will argue that the lives of Kosovars are characterised by a lack of economic growth and the increased importance of the normative concept of the hegemonic man. Kosovars, like many “traditionally” patriarchal societies, have constructed identities of the patriotic man and the exalted childbearing woman as icons of national survival. These designated identities often negate the realities of war-affected communities. The gendered places of man and woman in political reality are marred by the traumatic events of life. Within this framework, I analyze interviews with people who have developed “alternative” identities or, as phrased by Carver, “bonded” senses of self-esteem as a result of viewing themselves as somewhat unable to live up to the iconic emblem. In the context of a continued occupation of the province by both the international bodies assigned to the province and the Serbian state (Kosovo is not yet independent from Serbia), one of the main questions asked by many Kosovars today remains: “What was the war about if not independence and where are the spoils of victory?”
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Vdovychenko, H. V. "CULTURAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ORIGINS AND ATTITUDES OF THE EARLY WORKS OF P. TYCHYNA: "THE LAST SUPPER, GUILLOTINE DAYS"". UKRAINIAN CULTURAL STUDIES, n.º 2 (7) (2020): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/ucs.2020.2(7).05.
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The article explores cultural and philosophical origins and attitudes of the early works of P. Tychyna, namely defining the ones events and phenomena of domestic and foreign ethnocultural and professional cultural life, cultural and philosophical ideas and teachings, as well as P. Tychyna's own cultural and philosophical views, revealed mainly in his poetry books of 1918 – 1924. One of the most important, but still little- known pages of the biography and ideological and artistic evolution of P. Tychyna is the formation during the first third of the twentieth century, fundamental for his entire life cultural and philosophical guidelines of early creativity. The study of this problem is closely connected with the long overdue need for unbiased systematic classification and consideration of the whole spectrum of cultural and philosophical sources and guidelines of ideological and artistic evolution of the poet of ideologically contradictory poems-myths of Ukrainian national renaissance and enslavement – "Golden Homin" as a sacred figure-symbol of modernism and, at the same time, social realism in Ukrainian literature, the most famous and, at the same time, the most criticized domestic artist-model of evaluative polarity of official and public myth-making in the USSR and, later, in Ukraine. In light of the assessment of the main achievements of tychynology, a cultural-philosophical-literary analysis of the three stages of the ideological and artistic evolution of P. Tychyna of this period was carried out. These stages are: 1. formation (Kyiv-Chernyhiv): 1906 – 1916; 2. creative rise and blossoming (Kyiv): 1917 – 1921; 3. decline and crisis (Kyiv-Kharkiv): 1922 – 1929. Two groups of origins of the poet's early works were examined. The first one is represented by domestic and foreign ethnocultures and consists of three subgroups of folklore: 1. Ukrainian; 2. foreign (of other Slavic peoples); 3. foreign, mainly of the peoples of the Near and Middle East (Armenian, Turkish and Indian). The second group is represented by domestic and foreign professional cultures, the last of which is divided into three subgroups: 1. Russian; 2. European and North American; 3. Eastern (the Near, Middle and Far East). P. Tychyna was a symbol and myth of modernism and Socialist realism in the literature and culture of the Ukrainian SSR, and the early stages of his cultural and philosophical credo's evolution from the neopagan-Christian Ukrainian national-patriotic myth to the national-communist pantheistic-materialistic cosmogony.
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Andreev, Alexander Alekseevich y Anton Petrovich Ostroushko. "STRUCHKOV Viktor Ivanovich (to the 110th of birthday)". Vestnik of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 10, n.º 3 (19 de noviembre de 2017): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2017-10-3-253.
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Viktor Ivanovich Struchkov was born 30 July (12 August) 1907 year in Ryazhsk Ryazan region. After graduating from the 2nd Moscow medical Institute V. I. Struchkov worked as a resident surgeon, and then head of the surgical Department in Voskresensk Interdistrict hospital in Moscow region (1931-1941). During the great Patriotic war, he was a leading surgeon (1941), the chief inspector and a specialist of the 21st army, the army surgeon of the 13th army in Bryansk and 1st Ukrainian front (1942-1945). In 1946, V. I. Struchkov with the rank of Colonel of medical service was transferred to reserves and became an assistant of the hospital surgical clinic, then became an associate Professor of operative surgery, since 1951 – Professor, and since 1953 – the head of the Department of General surgery of the 1st Moscow medical Institute. I. M. Sechenov, while working as chief surgeon of the Ministry of health of the USSR (1949-1965). In 1946 he defended his thesis, and in 1949 – his doctoral dissertation. In 1961, V. I. Struchkov was awarded the Lenin prize. In 1965, his monograph on "tumors of the lung" is awarded the prize. S. I. Spasokukotskogo of medical Sciences of the USSR, and Viktor Ivanovich became an academician of the USSR AMS. 1966-1976 Struchkov V. I. – academician-Secretary of the Presidium of the USSR AMS. His textbook "General surgery" was awarded the state prize of the USSR in 1975. In 1977 Victor Ivanovich was awarded the Title of hero of Socialist Labor.
Viktor Ivanovich Struchkov died on December 25, 1988. He has created a school of more than 45 doctors and 140 candidates of medical Sciences, he published more than 400 scientific works, including 33 monographs. He was the Deputy Chairman of the all-Union scientific society of surgeons, chief editor of the journal "Thoracic surgery", an honorary member of the Medical society of the name of J. Purkinje (Czechoslovakia), foreign, national and regional societies of surgeons, holder of two orders of Lenin, October Revolution, red banner, Patriotic war 1-St and 2-nd degree, two orders of Labour red banner, Friendship of peoples, the red Star, awarded with numerous medals.
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Park, In Joo y Jun Hee Hong. "A Historical Exploration of Sungjae, Lee Donghwi's Social Education of Saving Country as the Root of Korean Social Education". Korean Society for the Study of Lifelong Education 28, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2022): 167–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.52758/kjle.2022.28.3.167.
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The purpose of this critical review is to find the origin and implications for the direction of lifelong education in the future through social education studies during the Japanese colonial period. Through historical literature approach, the researcher studied the thought formation process of Sungjae Lee Dong-hwi's social education and his social education practice.
As a result of the critical review, Sungjae Lee Dong-hwi's social education ideology would be influenced by Lee Seung-gyo's teaching, raising modern consciousness during military training and activities in the Independence Club, freedom and equality from Christian admission, and proletarian revolutionary ideology embraced socialism. It was confirmed that Lee Dong-hwi's practice of social education was a kind of revolutionary social education movement to save the country from Japanese oppression. He practiced early social education from Socialism with the building of schools actively, patriotic enlightenment movements through academic societies and social organizations, religious social education movements that carried out Christian evangelism and educational movements, and establishing the Korean Socialist Party and the Goryeo Communist Party.
These changing process of Sungjae Lee Dong-hwi's social education and practicing social education that recognizes the importance of people's education and national independence as the highest value rather than socialist ideology could provide the important implications to Korean lifelong education by establishing its philosophy and presenting direction, solution of emerging challenges, and orientation of lifelong education after unification.
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Sterkhov, Dmitry. "The Protestant Church and Military Mobilisation in Prussia during the Wars of Liberation in 1813". Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, n.º 5 (2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640019933-4.
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The author analyses the political sermons preached and published by Evangelical pastors during the War of Liberation against Napoleonic France in 1813. The aim of the article is to demonstrate the contribution made by Evangelical clergy to the modernisation of the Prussian military system at the beginning of the nineteenth century. The study is a case study as it analyses the interaction between religion and politics taking the Kingdom of Prussia as a specific example. An analysis of the sources shows that the idea of mass mobilisation in Prussia was disseminated by means of religious reasoning, with preaching being the key tool of military propaganda. Drawing on biblical quotations, Prussian pastors presented the campaign against Napoleon as just, fair, and holy, as it was being waged in the name of God for the sake of all mankind. German national and patriotic values were also declared sacred and worth dying for, although preachers clearly emphasised local religious and dynastic Prussian patriotism. Through sermons, Prussian pastors encouraged the willingness of the population to make material and immaterial sacrifices to save the Prussian/German Fatherland as well as all mankind from Napoleonic tyranny. Thus, the mass mobilisation in Prussia in 1813 went hand in hand with an increase in religiosity. The author concludes that both religion and the church could make a significant contribution to the modernisation of European states and societies in the early nineteenth century.
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Kostaschuk, Ivan y Roman Kisil. "TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION OF MUSEUMS AS OBJECTS OF ETHNOCULTURAL POTENTIAL OF CHERNIVTSI OBLAST". GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM, n.º 64 (2021): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2308-135x.2021.64.42-52.
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Goal of the article: Conduct research on the territorial organization of museums of different levels and types in the communities of Chernivtsi oblast as important objects of ethnocultural potential of the region. Identify the distribution of museums by different classification criteria and trace their importance for the development of certain types of tourism. Research methodology. To obtain information, various sources of information were first studied, namely: literary, official Internet portals of communities and districts of Chernivtsi Oblast State Administration and Chernivtsi Oblast Council. At the next stage, a fairly detailed database was formed, which reflects the types of museums according to all the classification features presented in the work, as well as their ethnicity. This allowed to establish the contribution of each ethnic group in the formation of ethnocultural potential of the region, which allows us to talk about cooperation with neighboring countries in the framework of ethnocultural interaction. Results of the research. Chernivtsi oblast is a striking example of ethnocontact and polyethnic region, in which Ukrainians, Romanians, Moldovans, Jews, Russians, Poles, Armenians and other ethnic groups created and continue to create their cultural heritage. Ukrainians in the region own 152 museums, Romanians – 12, Moldovans – 14, Russians – 1. Also, separate exhibitions are dedicated to the Jewish, Polish, German, Armenian and other ethnic groups. Of course, such differences in the ethnicity of museums, as an important component of ethnocultural development of the region, are of great practical and scientific importance. The scientific novelty lies in the development of a detailed classification of museums and their typology, as well as in identifying the place of museums in the ethnocultural development of the polyethnic region. These studies should be conducted in other regions of our country. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the possibility of finding investments to increase the tourist attractiveness of both individual administrative units and the region as a whole. Museums also play an important role in shaping the ethnic, historical, ethnocultural, national-patriotic and other perceptions of the territory and identity of their people.
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Костючок, Петро. "POLITICAL PRACTICES AND EXPERIMENTS OF ETHNIC SEPARATION OF UKRAINIANS OF THE CARPATHIAN REGION IN THE 1930s". КОНСЕНСУС, n.º 2 (2024): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.31110/consensus/2024-02/098-111.
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The goal of the work is to analyze political practices and experiments of ethnic separation of Ukrainians of the Carpathian region in the 1930s in the Second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The methodology is based on the use of general scientific and special historical methods. Based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, critical evaluation of sources, methods of analysis and synthesis, ethnological methods are widely used in the research: comparative-historical, analytical-typological. Scientific novelty. On the basis of domestic and foreign archival sources and scientific literature, an attempt was made to substantiate the peculiarities of Polish ethnopolitics regarding the separation of Hutsuls, Lemkos, and Boykos as representatives of separate regional nations/ethnic groups from Ukrainians with the aim of their separation, assimilation, and denationalization. Conclusions. In the 1930s, the state ethnopolitics of the Second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was aimed at building the loyalty of representatives of national minorities to Polish statehood, denying and eradicating any manifestations of Ukrainianness. The strengthening of the policy of state separation and assimilation was facilitated by the adoption of laws, the formation of associations, and the promotion of scientific theories of the ethnic separateness of the Ukrainian population of the Carpathian region. The bright identity of the Ukrainian culture of the mountain population of the Carpathians was emphasized by the Poles in order to separate them from the Ukrainian people. The Society of Friends of Hutsul Region, the Society for the Development of Eastern Lands, the Union of the Farm Nobility, and the Apostolic Administration of Lemkiv Region were important tools for the practical implementation of the policy of regionalism. The activism of the Polish authorities regarding the denationalization of the Carpathian Ukrainians mobilized the Ukrainian political leadership to socio-political opposition, the development of its own national position by conducting public and political work on the ground, intensifying the activity of national cultural and educational societies, holding patriotic events and alternative holidays.