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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Sidérurgie – Environnement"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Sidérurgie – Environnement"
Antoine, J. "Le LECES, outil environnement de la sidérurgie française". Revue de Métallurgie 85, n.º 11 (noviembre de 1988): 909–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/198885110909.
Texto completoHerbaut, Claudie. "Le renouvellement de la sidérurgie bretonne à la Renaissance : l'exemple de la forge d'Avaugour en 1560, dans son environnement". Annales de Bretagne et des pays de l’Ouest 96, n.º 2 (1989): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/abpo.1989.3321.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Sidérurgie – Environnement"
Afanga, Khalid. "Modélisation systémique des filières sidérurgiques en vue de leur optimisation énergétique et environnementale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/DDOC_T_2014_0268_AFANGA.pdf.
Texto completoThis research study deals with mathematical modeling of the main steelmaking processes following a systems approach. The objective was to build a modeling tool of the whole steelmaking route devoted to its energetic and environmental optimization. We developed physical-chemical models for the blast furnace, the coke oven, the sintering plant and the basic oxygen furnace. These models were then linked together in a single flow sheet using the ASPEN Plus software. First, we focused on the top gas recycling blast furnace, a novel variant of the blast furnace in which the top gas is recycled and re-injected into the tuyeres after CO2 removal and capture. We tested both a reinjection at one level (tuyeres only) and at two levels (tuyeres and shaft). The results were successfully compared with experimental data from a pilot reactor and demonstrate that recycling can lower the blast furnace CO2 emissions by more than 20%. Recycling at two levels does not seem more efficient than at a single level. Second, we simulated the operation of an entire integrated steelmaking plant. Different configurations were tested, using a conventional blast furnace or a top gas recycling blast furnace, considering a possible recycling of the converter slag to the sintering plant, and studying the influence of Si content in the hot metal on the entire steelmaking plant operation. We show that it is possible to reduce the cost of producing steel by substituting and recycling various by-products
Wang, Tao. "Novel iron ore direct reduction process using biomass". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0297.
Texto completoSubstituting fossil carbon with biogenic carbon from biomass could considerably reduce the contribution of the steel industry to global warming. The objective of this thesis was to introduce and analyse an innovative ironmaking process, called BIORED (biomass-based iron ore reduction). In this process, iron ore pellets and granular biomass are loaded together at the top of a vertical shaft furnace. The ore is reduced by CO produced from the in-situ gasification of the biomass (Boudouard reaction). The devolatilisation and gasification kinetics of the selected biomass, charcoal, were determined from thermogravimetry experiments. These kinetics were modelled by the scheme of independent parallel reactions and the Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation, respectively. We used an existing numerical model of a gas-based direct reduction process to create a new one that considers two solids and the biomass-related reactions. The model results show that the gasification takes place at the bottom of the BIORED reactor, while the reduction of the iron ore occurs step-wisely, with the reduction of wustite to metallic iron being the slowest. The degree of metallisation is satisfactory and the top gas (CO-CO2 mixture) could be recycled to reuse CO and save energy. We developed a specific experimental protocol for the validation of the model. The experimental results satisfactorily agree with the numerical ones. Eventually, the potential industrial development of the BIORED process in different regions of the world was assessed, and a life cycle assessment of a new steelmaking route based on BIORED process showed a considerable reduction in CO2 emissions (96% less) and most other environmental impacts, compared to the conventional Blast Furnace-Basic Oxygen Furnace route
Sourisseau, Sylvain. "Recyclage vs extraction minière : concurrence, externalités environnementales et politiques publiques sur les marchés du fer et de l'acier". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLE016.
Texto completoIn addition to a solution for managing end-of-life products, recycling is also an alternative to the production of virgin raw materials. In this thesis, we are therefore wondering about this new form of competition that could potentially include recyclers, on a commodity market traditionally dominated by a mining oligopoly. To what extent can recyclers compete with mining firms and what are the effects on oligopoly? As a second line of research, we consider the differential of environmental externalities that exists between the two types of supply. We therefore include in our model a recycling subsidy and a tax on mining pollution, in response to the two market distortions: the non-competitive structure of mining extraction and the externalities that are associated with this activity. To give an empirical dimension to this thesis, we use the iron and steel industry. Prior to the analysis of the competition with recyclers, we carry out in Chapter 1, an analysis of the evolution of the markets of iron and steel following the demand shock since the year 2000. The concentration of the demand from Chinese steelmakers as well as the strategy put in place by the authorities from 2010, led to a new market structure of the world iron ore market: a thwarted monopsony.By focusing on the upstream value chain, Chapter 2 sets the theoretical framework for competition between mining firms and recyclers. Through a Cournot-Stackelberg model, we show that the market share of the mining sector increases with the degree of competition in this sector. Recyclers cannot significantly increase their market share if an efficient recycling technology is not associated with a high availability of waste. This dual condition is also necessary to ensure the reduction of the mining rent. In addition, we highlight the requirement of a minimum level of recycling technology for recyclers to enter the market.Taking into account the differential of environmental externalities in Chapter 3 strengthens the need for increasing the supply of secondary materials, with regard to its positive effect on social wellfare. For this purpose, the introduction of an environmental tax on mining extraction is less relevant than a subsidy for recycling. The tax reinforces the capacity constraint for recyclers, relies on a necessary assessment of mining pollution that is difficult to achieve for certain raw materials, and there are limits on its implementation which also seem to arise. On the other hand, the introduction of a recycling subsidy would have a significant impact on recyclers' market share and the necessary reduction of extraction-related damages. As we show, the difference in effects between the two policies is even stronger when the initial level of recycling is low.Finally, by focusing on a public policy based on the demand for materials rather than on supply, Chapter 4 highlights the weak incentive of the EU-ETS to reduce CO2 emissions from steelmakers, and therefore a potential increase of the secondary input instead of the virgin one. We also show how this climate policy interferes with the EU competition policy because it mainly benefits market leaders, to the detriment of the principle of free and undistorted competition prevailing in the EU market. More surprisingly, our results indicate that the market leader is the least efficient firm in the consumption of raw materials, considering the quantity of steel produced and the CO2 emissions generated. Conversely, the firm that seems to be the most efficient would also have been least favoured when free allowances were allocated from 2007 onwards
Rynikiewicz, Christophe. "Contrainte d'environnement global et changement technique induit : vers des trajectoires d'innovations radicales dans la sidérurgie". Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE21013.
Texto completoThis thesis aims to investigate the responses of the steel industry sector to the global carbon constraint (permits, taxes) and specifically the ULCOS (Ultra Low CO2 Steelmaking) technologies. The analysis relates more precisely to the conditions of the greening of innovations, the selection of new incremental and radical innovation and the inter-technology competition. It takes into account the uncertainty of the selection environment (evolution of the prices of energy, carbon, raw materials, steel demand, conditions of competition). The influence of the modification of the induced relative prices under different simulations is dealt with a partial equilibrium model. Complementary concepts of industrial economics and investment under uncertainty related to the decision, adoption and diffusion of technologies have been explored. I highlight the promising complementary work of integrating anticipation of actors and imperfect competition. The methodology developed is potentially useful for other sectors (industries of cement, paper, aluminium…). This case study on steelmaking illustrates the theoretical framework of the pluridisciplinary scientific agenda IHDP-Industrial Transformation that combines evolutionary and neoclassical economics of technical change
Camy, Mangen Janine. "Les mutations du bassin minier Luxembourgeois : l'influence de l'industrie minière et sidérurgique sur la vie sociale et le milieu naturel". Metz, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1997/Camy.Janine.LMZ9702_1.pdf.
Texto completoThe grand duchy of Luxembourg owes its growth to the exploitation of oolitic iron and its conversion in the iron and steel works established in the mining basin from 1870 onwards. The industrial upswing attracted a large labour force from all the regions of the country and from abroad, from eastern europe and especially from Italy. This influx of people from different backgrounds gave birth to a multicultural society. After a difficult period, urbanization developed, thanks to the combined efforts of the public authorities and the iron and steel companies. After 1975, the structural and economic crisis of the steel sector led the public authorities in concert with the iron and steel compagnies and the trade unions (tripartite action) to tackle the restructuring of heavy industry. This leading to the closure of some steel plants and synergism with foreign iron and steel firms. The great reduction in the number of persons employed (from 27766 in 1974 to 6700 in 1996) was achieved in a variety of ways (bonuses to take up other employment, redeployment, early retirement) but without ever any dismissals. At the same time, the industrial diversification commenced in the 1960's was accelerated. Efforts now being concentrated on the mining basin which had been severely hit by the crisis, the being at the expense of the nothern region. From 1978, industrial zones of a national character were created in the basin. Numerous industries were subsequently established there. These zones are located near the major road and rail links and, with the exception of the "European development zone", they are all situated on former agricultural land. Business activities have therefore shifted towards the communes adjoining the iron and steel communes. This outward movement has led to increase in commuter traffic both within the mining basin and in an outward direction towards the Luxembourg city conurbation
Afanga, Khalid. "Modélisation systémique des filières sidérurgiques en vue de leur optimisation énergétique et environnementale". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0268/document.
Texto completoThis research study deals with mathematical modeling of the main steelmaking processes following a systems approach. The objective was to build a modeling tool of the whole steelmaking route devoted to its energetic and environmental optimization. We developed physical-chemical models for the blast furnace, the coke oven, the sintering plant and the basic oxygen furnace. These models were then linked together in a single flow sheet using the ASPEN Plus software. First, we focused on the top gas recycling blast furnace, a novel variant of the blast furnace in which the top gas is recycled and re-injected into the tuyeres after CO2 removal and capture. We tested both a reinjection at one level (tuyeres only) and at two levels (tuyeres and shaft). The results were successfully compared with experimental data from a pilot reactor and demonstrate that recycling can lower the blast furnace CO2 emissions by more than 20%. Recycling at two levels does not seem more efficient than at a single level. Second, we simulated the operation of an entire integrated steelmaking plant. Different configurations were tested, using a conventional blast furnace or a top gas recycling blast furnace, considering a possible recycling of the converter slag to the sintering plant, and studying the influence of Si content in the hot metal on the entire steelmaking plant operation. We show that it is possible to reduce the cost of producing steel by substituting and recycling various by-products
Sourisseau, Sylvain. "Recyclage vs extraction minière : concurrence, externalités environnementales et politiques publiques sur les marchés du fer et de l'acier". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLE016/document.
Texto completoIn addition to a solution for managing end-of-life products, recycling is also an alternative to the production of virgin raw materials. In this thesis, we are therefore wondering about this new form of competition that could potentially include recyclers, on a commodity market traditionally dominated by a mining oligopoly. To what extent can recyclers compete with mining firms and what are the effects on oligopoly? As a second line of research, we consider the differential of environmental externalities that exists between the two types of supply. We therefore include in our model a recycling subsidy and a tax on mining pollution, in response to the two market distortions: the non-competitive structure of mining extraction and the externalities that are associated with this activity. To give an empirical dimension to this thesis, we use the iron and steel industry. Prior to the analysis of the competition with recyclers, we carry out in Chapter 1, an analysis of the evolution of the markets of iron and steel following the demand shock since the year 2000. The concentration of the demand from Chinese steelmakers as well as the strategy put in place by the authorities from 2010, led to a new market structure of the world iron ore market: a thwarted monopsony.By focusing on the upstream value chain, Chapter 2 sets the theoretical framework for competition between mining firms and recyclers. Through a Cournot-Stackelberg model, we show that the market share of the mining sector increases with the degree of competition in this sector. Recyclers cannot significantly increase their market share if an efficient recycling technology is not associated with a high availability of waste. This dual condition is also necessary to ensure the reduction of the mining rent. In addition, we highlight the requirement of a minimum level of recycling technology for recyclers to enter the market.Taking into account the differential of environmental externalities in Chapter 3 strengthens the need for increasing the supply of secondary materials, with regard to its positive effect on social wellfare. For this purpose, the introduction of an environmental tax on mining extraction is less relevant than a subsidy for recycling. The tax reinforces the capacity constraint for recyclers, relies on a necessary assessment of mining pollution that is difficult to achieve for certain raw materials, and there are limits on its implementation which also seem to arise. On the other hand, the introduction of a recycling subsidy would have a significant impact on recyclers' market share and the necessary reduction of extraction-related damages. As we show, the difference in effects between the two policies is even stronger when the initial level of recycling is low.Finally, by focusing on a public policy based on the demand for materials rather than on supply, Chapter 4 highlights the weak incentive of the EU-ETS to reduce CO2 emissions from steelmakers, and therefore a potential increase of the secondary input instead of the virgin one. We also show how this climate policy interferes with the EU competition policy because it mainly benefits market leaders, to the detriment of the principle of free and undistorted competition prevailing in the EU market. More surprisingly, our results indicate that the market leader is the least efficient firm in the consumption of raw materials, considering the quantity of steel produced and the CO$_2$ emissions generated. Conversely, the firm that seems to be the most efficient would also have been least favoured when free allowances were allocated from 2007 onwards