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Riccardi, C., A. Cannone Falchetto, M. Losa y P. Leandri. "Estimation of the SHStS transformation parameter based on volumetric composition". Construction and Building Materials 157 (diciembre de 2017): 244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.083.
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Armstrong, Gary, Dick Hobbs y Iain Lindsay. "Calling the Shots". Urban Studies 48, n.º 15 (24 de octubre de 2011): 3169–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098011422397.
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The Olympic Games promise great things; world peace and the transformation of the host city are but two ambitions of the Olympic Movement. The benefits and changes that the 2012 Olympics are supposed to bring to the London Borough of Newham—which will host some 80 per cent of the Olympic events—have been much lauded by the Olympic apparatchiks who typically proselytise about the transformation of communities, countries and individuals via the staging of the Games. The local Organising Committee and others—typically within the real estate sector—are the people who shape these sentiments into particular land deals that will serve to justify the plethora of deals, contracts and developments. Whilst the Olympics are about transformations, ostensibly in the lives of athletes, ordinary people and communities, transformations of an even more lasting sort occur in the Olympic neighbourhood through massive construction and servicing contracts. The Olympics are also about discipline which plays out not only in terms of the preparation of athletes to perform at their utmost, but is imperative to all the arrangements required to host such a huge event. For the good of the Games, people living in the shadow of the 2012 Olympic stadium face having their movements and their neighbourhoods subjected to all manner of prohibitions and limitations.
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Pearl, Sharrona. "Deglamming as Estrangement: Ugly in Monster, The Hours, and Cake". CINEJ Cinema Journal 8, n.º 1 (11 de marzo de 2020): 218–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2020.268.
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In this paper, I explore female actresses undergoing radical or seemingly radical physical transformation in service of a broader kind of career transformation. I problematize the simple calculation of deglamming, thinking more closely about the ways that celebrity structure raises challenges to actors and especially actresses attempting to engage with against-type characters. I turn specifically to three well-known examples of this trend: Charlize Theron in Monster (2003), Nicole Kidman in The Hours (2002), and Jennifer Aniston in Cake (2014). I argue that the process we see is not about deglamming (or getting ugly) for its own sake. Deglamming in these cases is a process of estrangement: from beauty, from the celebrity machine, from audience expectations. I draw on screen shots, film reviews and interviews to explore the relationship between deglamming and estrangement as a kind of acting and character technique, paying particular attention to the stakes for presenting historical characters in biopics. And while the three films I examine here – Monster, The Hours, and Cake – are often thought together as examples of actress Oscar uglification, they are actually quite different, both in terms of the physical transformations the actresses underwent in service of their characters, and the ways in which these transformations were understood and received.
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Wu, Acanda, Canton y Zale. "Efficient Biolistic Transformation of Immature Citrus Rootstocks Using Phosphomannose-isomerase Selection". Plants 8, n.º 10 (30 de septiembre de 2019): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8100390.
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This research utilized the E. coli manA gene encoding phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) selection on sucrose/mannose medium to increase transformation efficiencies after biolistic transformation of two immature citrus rootstock cultivars. Plasmid DNA, containing the manA gene and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) reporter gene, was bombarded into epicotyl explants of immature Carrizo citrange and Swingle citrumelo. GFP positive shoots were micro-grafted onto in vitro grown immature Carrizo rootstocks. Nineteen transgenic Carrizo shoots were obtained from ten paired shots, and eight Swingle shoots from five paired shots. The mean transformation efficiency of Carrizo was 1.9 transgenics/paired shot while the transformation efficiency of Swingle was comparable at 1.6 transgenics/paired shot. The transformants were analyzed by PCR for the presence of transgenes. Southern blot analysis of eight representative Carrizo transgenic events and four Swingle transgenic events showed that all transgenics had one to three copies of the manA gene. The PMI enzyme activity in the transgenic lines was confirmed using the chlorophenol red assay.
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Darma, I., Nanik Suciati y Daniel Siahaan. "Neural Style Transfer and Geometric Transformations for Data Augmentation on Balinese Carving Recognition using MobileNet". International Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Systems 13, n.º 6 (31 de diciembre de 2020): 349–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22266/ijies2020.1231.31.
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The preservation of Balinese carving data is a challenge in recognition of Balinese carving. Balinese carvings are a cultural heritage found in traditional buildings in Bali. The collection of Balinese carving images from public images can be a solution for preserving cultural heritage. However, the lousy quality of taking photographs, e.g., skewed shots, can affect the recognition results. Research on the Balinese carving recognition has existed but only recognizes a predetermined image. We proposed a Neural Style Geometric Transformation (NSGT) as a data augmentation technique for Balinese carvings recognition. NSGT is combining Neural Style Transfers and Geometric Transformations for a small dataset solution. This method provides variations in color, lighting, rotation, rescale, zoom, and the size of the training dataset, to improve recognition performance. We use MobileNet as a feature extractor because it has a small number of parameters, which makes it suitable to be applied on mobile devices. Eight scenarios were tested based on image styles and geometric transformations to get the best results. Based on the results, the proposed method can improve accuracy by up to 16.2%.
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Sato, Yuki, Go Saito y Daichi Fujimoto. "Histologic transformation in lung cancer: when one door shuts, another opens". Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology 14 (enero de 2022): 175883592211305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17588359221130503.
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Histologic transformation (HT) is a major cause of drug resistance to therapy in patients with lung cancer. HTs to small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) have been reported frequently in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR)-mutated lung cancer. Although HTs have an impact on the clinical outcomes in patients owing to a high refractoriness to treatments, there is limited data on the prevalence, causes, mechanisms, treatment efficacy, and future treatment strategies. In this review, we assess the literature regarding HTs comprehensively, including those describing EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, other molecular targeted drugs, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanisms of HTs and the lineage plasticity to SCLC and squamous cell carcinoma in lung cancer. In addition, we summarize the treatment efficacy and future perspectives of HTs in patients with lung cancer, and propose better management strategies for this group of patients.
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Sandage, Steven J., Mary L. Jensen y Daniel Jass. "Relational Spirituality and Transformation: Risking Intimacy and Alterity". Journal of Spiritual Formation and Soul Care 1, n.º 2 (noviembre de 2008): 182–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193979090800100205.
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We extend a relational model of spirituality and transformation based on Shuts’ and Sandage's previous interdisciplinary work in Transforming Spirituality. Spirituality is conceptualized based on a relational framework, and transformation is understood as emerging through an intensification of relational anxiety. Spiritual maturity is related to differentiation of self, based on theology and social science. The risks and challenges of relational intimacy and alterity are proposed as two relational pathways toward differentiation and spiritual transformation. Practical relational strategies to enhance spiritual formation based on this model within a seminary training context are described with particular attention to intercultural development and relational justice.
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Mittet, Rune y Ketil Hokstad. "Transforming walk‐away VSP data into reverse VSP data". GEOPHYSICS 60, n.º 4 (julio de 1995): 968–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443862.
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Marine walk‐away vertical seismic profiling (VSP) data can be transformed into reverse VSP data using an elastic reciprocity transformation. A reciprocity transform is derived and tested using data generated with a 2-D high‐order, finite‐difference modeling scheme in a complex elastic model. First, 201 shots are generated with a walk‐away VSP experimental configuration. Both the x‐component and the z‐component of the displacement are measured. These data are collected in two common receiver data sets. Then two shots are generated in a reverse VSP configuration. We demonstrate that subtraction of the reverse VSP data from the walk‐away VSP data gives very small residuals. The transformation of walk‐away data into reverse VSP data makes prestack shot‐domain migration feasible for walk‐away data. Synthetic data from a multishot walk‐away experiment can be obtained from one or a few modeling operations with a RVSP experimental configuration. The required computer time is reduced by two orders of magnitude.
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Ordóñez, Enrique García, María del Carmen Iglesias Pérez y Carlos Touriño González. "Performance Assessment in Water Polo Using Compositional Data Analysis". Journal of Human Kinetics 54, n.º 1 (1 de diciembre de 2016): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2016-0043.
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AbstractThe aim of the present study was to identify groups of offensive performance indicators which best discriminated between a match score (favourable, balanced or unfavourable) in water polo. The sample comprised 88 regular season games (2011-2014) from the Spanish Professional Water Polo League. The offensive performance indicators were clustered in five groups: Attacks in relation to the different playing situations; Shots in relation to the different playing situations; Attacks outcome; Origin of shots; Technical execution of shots. The variables of each group had a constant sum which equalled 100%. The data were compositional data, therefore the variables were changed by means of the additive log-ratio (alr) transformation. Multivariate discriminant analyses to compare the match scores were calculated using the transformed variables. With regard to the percentage of right classification, the results showed the group that discriminated the most between the match scores was “Attacks outcome” (60.4% for the original sample and 52.2% for cross-validation). The performance indicators that discriminated the most between the match scores in games with penalties were goals (structure coefficient (SC) = .761), counterattack shots (SC = .541) and counterattacks (SC = .481). In matches without penalties, goals were the primary discriminating factor (SC = .576). This approach provides a new tool to compare the importance of the offensive performance groups and their effect on the match score discrimination.
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Liu, Ke, Xin Bian, Li Xin Hou y Xin Zhou. "Study on Star Shot Analysis for Physics Quality Assurance in Radiotherapy". Applied Mechanics and Materials 541-542 (marzo de 2014): 1313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.541-542.1313.
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Star shot analysis is one common and important module in physics quality assurance (QA) which is regularly performed on the radiotherapy machine. A star shot analysis method by image processing is proposed. First, through ROI selection and image binarization, the irrelevant image parts are excluded and the star-shots are highlighted. Then the center and beam branches of the shots are determined by iteration, coordinate transformation, threshold values analysis and image segmentation. Finally, beam center lines and a minimum circle encompassing beam intersections are calculated by mathematic operations. The proposed method is performed on three star shot films and all beam center lines, beam intersections and minimum circles are obtained instantly and showed clearly. The results present good consistency with the commercial verification software and indicate that the proposed method provides the physicist a considerable comparison in physics QA.
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Petrillo, Caroline Pereira, Newton Portilho Carneiro, Antônio Álvaro Corsetti Purcino, Carlos Henrique Siqueira Carvalho, José Donizeti Alves y Andréa Almeida Carneiro. "Optimization of particle bombardment parameters for the genetic transformation of Brazilian maize inbred lines". Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 43, n.º 3 (marzo de 2008): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2008000300012.
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The objective of this work was to develop a genetic transformation system for tropical maize genotypes via particle bombardment of immature zygotic embryos. Particle bombardment was carried out using a genetic construct with bar and uidA genes under control of CaMV35S promoter. The best conditions to transform maize tropical inbred lines L3 and L1345 were obtained when immature embryos were cultivated, prior to the bombardment, in higher osmolarity during 4 hours and bombarded at an acceleration helium gas pressure of 1,100 psi, two shots per plate, and a microcarrier flying distance of 6.6 cm. Transformation frequencies obtained using these conditions ranged from 0.9 to 2.31%. Integration of foreign genes into the genome of maize plants was confirmed by Southern blot analysis as well as bar and uidA gene expressions. The maize genetic transformation protocol developed in this work will possibly improve the efficiency to produce new transgenic tropical maize lines expressing desirable agronomic characteristics.
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Kamal, Faisal. "THE TRANSFORMATION OF ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS AS INSTITUTIONS OF THE 21st CENTURY". PARAMUROBI: JURNAL PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM 1, n.º 2 (20 de diciembre de 2018): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32699/paramurobi.v1i2.524.
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Boarding school as early education institution characterized by an Indonesia (WaliSanga era heritage), the institutional form of pesantren has undergone a change form.Today, pesantren as an Islamic institutions transform and showed rocketing shots madein the system changes. It looks at the elements such as pesantren educational objectives,curriculum, methods, and institutional management. An evolutionary change in boardingschool, indeed confirms that the institution is not an old-fashioned boarding school andchange. The attitude of the pesantren education system renew in precisely shows howthe process of change is done carefully and meticulously. It proved to be nowadays moreand more popping up pesantren an increasingly progressive in advancing their educationsystem. This research specifically discuss how the process of institutional transformationof the pesantren education based on the study and analysis of libraries. As for the resultis pesantren as an institution of Islam has been transformed and the changes that canbe seen from the function of the pesantren as a social institution and as an educationalinstitution
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Iglesias Pérez, María del Carmen, Enrique García Ordóñez y Carlos Touriño González. "Game-Related Statistics in the Spanish Water Polo League: Differences between Seasons (Estadísticas de partido en la Liga Española de Waterpolo: Diferencias entre temporadas)". Retos, n.º 33 (9 de octubre de 2017): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i33.56007.
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The aim of this study was to identify the differences between seasons in men´s water polo regular competition by analysing the changes of game-related statistics. The sample comprised 88 games from the Spanish Professional Water Polo League (2011-2014). The game-related statistics were clustered into five groups: attacks in relation to the different playing situations, shots in relation to the different playing situations, attacks outcome, origin of shots and technical execution of shots. Univariate (ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and Generalized Linear Model tests) and multivariate (Discriminant) analyses were used to compare seasons, and statistical significance and effect sizes of the differences between seasons were calculated for the game-related statistics. The data were compositional data, therefore the variables were modified with additive log-ratio transformation. During the 2011-2012 season, the teams had significantly higher averages in even attacks (p<.01) and shots from zone 3 (p<.05). In the 2013-2014 season, teams had significantly higher averages in counterattack (p<.001), counterattack shots (p<.01), shots from zone 6 (p<.05) and 4 (p<.05). The variables that best distinguished between seasons were counterattack shots, counterattack, shots from zone 6 and 3, and even attacks. The group that best discriminated among seasons was “Origin of shots” (46.5% original sample and 42.3% cross-validation). The increase in counterattacks and in zone 6 shots seems to indicate a trend towards faster games and greater relevance of the centre forward. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of water polo performance indicators, helping the coaches to prepare the players accordingly.Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las diferencias entre temporadas para las estadísticas de juego en waterpolo masculino. La muestra consistió en 88 partidos de la Liga Española de Waterpolo (2011-2014). Las estadísticas de juego fueron agrupadas en cinco grupos: ataques según las diferentes situaciones de juego, lanzamientos según las situaciones de juego, resultado del ataque, origen de lanzamiento y ejecución técnica de lanzamiento. Se aplicaron varios métodos estadísticos, univariantes (ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis y Modelo Lineal Generalizado) y multivariantes (análisis discriminante) para comparar las estadísticas entre las diferentes temporadas, calculándose diferencias significativas y tamaños del efecto. Debido a la existencia de datos composicionales, las variables fueron transformadas utilizando la función log-cociente aditiva. Se observó que durante la temporada 2011-2012 los equipos realizaron más ataques en igualdad (p<.01) y lanzamientos desde zona 3 (p<.05). En la temporada 2013-2014, realizaron más contraataques (p<.001), lanzamientos en contraataque (p<.01) y lanzamientos desde zona 6 (p<.05) y 4 (p<.05). Las variables que mejor discriminaron entre temporadas fueron los contrataques, lanzamientos en contrataque, lanzamientos de zona 6 y 3, y ataques en igualdad. El grupo que mejor discriminó entre temporadas fue “Origen de lanzamiento” (46,5% muestra original y 42,3% validación cruzada). El aumento de contraataques y lanzamientos de zona 6 parecen indicar una tendencia hacia juegos más rápidos y mayor relevancia del boya. Estos hallazgos pueden contribuir a mejorar el conocimiento de la evolución de los indicadores de rendimiento en waterpolo, ayudando a los entrenadores para preparar a sus jugadores de acuerdo a estos cambios.
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Barazzetti, Luigi. "High dynamic range photography without a tripod". International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications 10, n.º 2 (27 de mayo de 2014): 140–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpcc-03-2014-0025.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a new multi-image registration methodology that is able to align a set of hand-held bracketed shots. Design/methodology/approach – The procedure is a two-step algorithm where corresponding multi-image points are automatically extracted from the bracketed image sequence and a least squares adjustment recovers transformation parameters. Findings – The images can be processed with high dynamic range algorithms to combine multiple low dynamic range pictures into a single mosaic with a superior radiometric quality. Originality/value – Simulated and real examples are illustrated to prove the effectiveness of the developed affine-based procedure.
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Mazzola, Elizabeth. "Noise, Sound and Fury in Macbeth". Critical Survey 35, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/cs.2023.350101.
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Abstract Early modern ballads supplied tools for managing information, allowing audiences to compare stories, handle variants and sort through multiple interpretations. These activities revised how and what people learn when they come together, a transformation of social life similarly explored in Macbeth, where this technology takes shape in the messenger Ross. Ross dispenses information but also disrupts and sometimes shuts down lines of communication, connecting courts with battlefields, inventorying the dead and preparing bodies for slaughter. Drawing on scholarship about ballad reception, cognitive ecology and Shakespearean surveillance, I consider Ross's communications within a larger early modern social world which deactivates its members.
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Franks, T. y RG Birch. "Gene Transfer Into Intact Sugarcane Cells Using Microprojectile Bombardment". Functional Plant Biology 18, n.º 5 (1991): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9910471.
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A microprojectile accelerator has been constructed and used to bombard cultured sugarcane tissues with GUS reporter gene constructs. Design features useful to minimise target tissue damage and variation between shots are described. Transient expression of GUS occurred in pEmuGN-bombarded cells of nonregenerable suspension culture as well as in regenerable embryogenic callus of commercial sugarcane cultivar 463, and in suspension cultures capable of regeneration to plants. Parameters yielding transient GUS expression in up to 1055 cells per bombardment in homogeneous suspension cultures of sugarcane have been established with a mean of 206 expressing cells per bombardment over a series of 8 independent experiments. Approximately 4% of these transiently expressing cells continued to express GUS for extended periods, indicating probable stable transformation of intact cells of the commercial sugarcane cultivar. Microprojectile bombardment appears the most promising of the available gene transfer techniques for practical genetic transformation of sugarcane because most commercial cultivars readily form regenerable callus suitable for bombardment.
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Zhou, Fan, Wenchun Jiang, Yang Du y Chengran Xiao. "A Comprehensive Numerical Approach for Analyzing the Residual Stresses in AISI 301LN Stainless Steel Induced by Shot Peening". Materials 12, n.º 20 (13 de octubre de 2019): 3338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12203338.
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Shot peening is one of the most famous mechanical surface treatments to improve fatigue performance of metallic components, which is attributed to high amplitude compressive residual stresses. A numerical approach is developed to analyze the residual stresses in 301LN metastable austenitic stainless steel by shot peening. The material behavior is described by a proposed constitutive model in which strain-induced martensitic transformation, isotropic hardening and kinematic hardening effects are taken into account properly. Both single shot and random multiple shots peening were simulated and analyzed. A numerical method is presented with the Python programming language to make the multiple shots follow a random probability distribution. Results demonstrate that the simulated equivalent plastic strains and martensitic volume fractions agree well with the experimental ones, which verify the validity of the constitutive model. Besides, the numerical method is effective at achieving a realistic surface coverage. The maximum compressive residual stress by the Johnson–Cook model is 12% higher than that of the proposed model. Additionally, each hardening effect has an effect on the simulated residual stress. The developed numerical approach can provide a feasible simulation of the shot-peening process and makes an accurate prediction of the residual stress field in 301LN steel.
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Jiao, Wangwang, Weizhe Hong, Pulin Li, Shihu Sun, Jing Ma, Mengding Qian, Mengdie Hu y Zengyi Chang. "The dramatically increased chaperone activity of small heat-shock protein IbpB is retained for an extended period of time after the stress condition is removed". Biochemical Journal 410, n.º 1 (29 de enero de 2008): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20071120.
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sHSP (small heat-shock protein) IbpB (inclusion-body-binding protein B) from Escherichia coli is known as an ATP-independent holding chaperone which prevents the insolubilization of aggregation-prone proteins by forming stable complexes with them. It was found that the chaperone function of IbpB is greatly modulated by the ambient temperature, i.e. when the temperature increases from normal to heat-shock, the chaperone activity of IbpB is dramatically elevated to a level that allows it to effectively bind the aggregation-prone client proteins. Although it is generally believed that the release and refolding of the client protein from the sHSPs depends on the aid of the ATP-dependent chaperones such as Hsp (heat-shock protein) 70 and Hsp100 when the ambient temperature recovers from heat-shock to normal, the behaviour of the sHSPs during this recovery stage has not yet been investigated. In the present study, we examined the behaviour and properties of IbpB upon temperature decrease from heat-shock to normal. We found that IbpB, which becomes functional only under heat-shock conditions, retains the chaperone activity for an extended period of time after the heat-shock stress condition is removed. A detail comparison demonstrates that such preconditioned IbpB is distinguished from the non-preconditioned IbpB by a remarkable conformational transformation, including a significant increase in the flexibility of the N- and C-terminal regions, as well as enhanced dynamic subunit dissociation/reassociation. Intriguingly, the preconditioned IbpB displayed a dramatic decrease in its surface hydrophobicity, suggesting that the exposure of hydrophobic sites might not be the sole determinant for IbpB to exhibit chaperone activity. We propose that the maintenance of the chaperone activity for such ‘holdases’ as sHSPs would be important for cells to recover from heat-shock stress.
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Sapountzaki, Kalliopi y Ioannis Daskalakis. "Expansionary Adaptive Transformations of Socio-Hydrological Systems (SHSs): The Case of Drought in Messara Plain, Crete, Greece". Environmental Management 61, n.º 5 (22 de febrero de 2018): 819–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-018-1012-y.
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Klochkova, Elena N. y Natalya A. Sadovnikova. "Transformation of education in the conditions of digitalization". Open Education 23, n.º 4 (6 de septiembre de 2019): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/1818-4243-2019-4-13-22.
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Purpose of the study is carrying out the analysis of current trends in education in the conditions of digitalization. In the put modern economic and technological conditions new modern approaches to development of key competences of digital economy, ensuring mass digital literacy of experts and personalisation of educational process are required. For realization of the specified purpose the passport of the Federal project “Shots for Digital Economy” is approved on May 28, 2019. According to target indicators of the Project by 2024 have to be trained on online to programs of development of digital literacy; 120 thousand people have to be accepted on training in programs of the higher education in the sphere of information technologies; about 8 programs of the higher education for the benefit of digital economy are created. The research problem – to establish as far as realizuyema goals.Materials and methods. For the purpose of the description of the current situation methods of descriptive statistics are used. The analysis of information collected during the sociological poll organized and held by PPS of department of statistics together with ANO Council for Questions of Management and Development at Department of work and social protection of the population of the city of Moscow is provided. Methods of visualization of data are applied to evident data presentation. Data processing was carried out with application of MS of Excel and a package of the IBM SPSS Statistics application programs.Results. The carried-out analysis allowed to define top trends in education. The revealed trends proved need of improvement of quality of education with application of information and communication technologies. Results of a research show about demand in labor market of experts in the sphere of information and communication technologies, including among persons with limited opportunities. The world rankings testify to low positions of Russia on the level of involvement of the experts having the specified skills.Conclusion. At the same time, the programs implemented by the state in education will allow to build a qualitative education system at all levels, including both support of talented youth in mathematics and informatics, and training of the highly qualified personnel conforming to new requirements of digital economy and also programs of retraining and professional development for the most demanded professions.
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Mahobia, Girija Shankar, Chandra Shekhar Kumar y Kausik Chattopadhyay. "Nanocrystallisation of Nickel Free High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel through Ultrasonic Shot Peening". Key Engineering Materials 813 (julio de 2019): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.813.43.
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Ultrasonic Shot Peening (USP) - a novel route of surface modification was employed on biomedical grade Nickel free high nitrogen stainless steel (18Cr-21Mn-0.65N-balance Fe) to obtain a surface nanostructure without changing its chemical composition and microstructural phase transformation. Hardened steel shots of diameter 2 mm and 3mm were repeatedly impacted on the specimen surface at a constant frequency of 20KHz for 2 and 8 minutes duration. Coarse surface grains of size 36±6µm transformed into nanocrystalline grains of size 13-18 nm. The deformed layer resulted by USP treatment increased with increase in shot diameter and duration of USP. The microstructure was characterized by using optical microscope, SEM, XRD and TEM technique. The hardness and roughness of the treated surface was also found to be strongly dependent on the USP process parameters.
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Kasi, Vijaykumar S. y Dhandapani Kuppuswamy. "Inhibition of Src Family Kinases by a Combinatorial Action of 5′-AMP and Small Heat Shock Proteins, Identified from the Adult Heart". Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, n.º 10 (1 de octubre de 1999): 6858–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.19.10.6858.
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ABSTRACT Src family kinases are implicated in cellular proliferation and transformation. Terminally differentiated myocytes have lost the ability to proliferate, indicating the existence of a down-regulatory mechanism(s) for these mitogenic kinases. Here we show that feline cardiomyocyte lysate contains thermostable components that inhibit c-Src kinase in vitro. This inhibitory activity, present predominantly in heart tissue, involves two components acting combinatorially. After purification by sequential chromatography, one component was identified by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies as 5′-AMP, while the other was identified by peptide sequencing as a small heat shock protein (sHSP). 5′-AMP and to a lesser extent 5′-ADP inhibit c-Src when combined with either HSP-27 or HSP-32. Other HSPs, including αB-crystallin, HSP-70, and HSP-90, did not exhibit this effect. The inhibition, observed preferentially on Src family kinases and independent of the Src tyrosine phosphorylation state, occurs via a direct interaction of the c-Src catalytic domain with the inhibitory components. Our study indicates that sHSPs increase the affinity of 5′-AMP for the c-Src ATP binding site, thereby facilitating the inhibition. In vivo, elevation of ATP levels in the cardiomyocytes results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins including c-Src at the activatory site, and this effect is blocked when the 5′-AMP concentration is raised. Thus, this study reveals a novel role for sHSPs and 5′-AMP in the regulation of Src family kinases, presumably for the maintenance of the terminally differentiated state.
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Zhu, X. P., F. G. Zhang, Y. Tang y M. K. Lei. "Phase transformation under beam-target interactions during high-intensity pulsed ion beam irradiation at low pressure". Laser and Particle Beams 29, n.º 3 (21 de junio de 2011): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034611000280.
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AbstractNitrides and/or carbonitrides formation of high efficiency was found on titanium target under irradiation of high-intensity pulsed ion beam (HIPIB) with a few shots at a low pressure of 10−2 Pa order, which is extraordinary in comparison with conventional thermo-chemical diffusion process such as gas nitriding and/or carbonitriding of metals necessarily heated at high temperatures during a processing time of hours. The underlying mechanism of the nitrides and carbonitrides formation on titanium targets was explored by a comparative study on three typical HIPIB sources, i.e., TEMP-6, TEMP-4M, and ETIGO-II, varying the irradiation intensity within several J/cm2 per shot of a 60–70 ns pulse duration and the shot number of similar ion species. It is revealed that ambient gases and ion source material are the main sources providing the nitrogen and carbon species for the phase transformation on titanium target at the low pressures, whereas the ion species of HIPIB composition is negligible at a low implantation dose of 1013–1014 ions/cm2. The adsorbed gaseous species, the deposited layer of the ion source material, and in-situ formed compound top layer from reactions between ablation plasma and the ambient species during HIPIB irradiation, can be effectively incorporated into the irradiated target surfaces under a controlled HIPIB-target interaction.
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Chapman, Phillip L. y George E. Seidel, Jr. "Experimental design, power and sample size for animal reproduction experiments". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, n.º 1 (2008): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd07183.
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The present paper concerns statistical issues in the design of animal reproduction experiments, with emphasis on the problems of sample size determination and power calculations. We include examples and non-technical discussions aimed at helping researchers avoid serious errors that may invalidate or seriously impair the validity of conclusions from experiments. Screen shots from interactive power calculation programs and basic SAS power calculation programs are presented to aid in understanding statistical power and computing power in some common experimental situations. Practical issues that are common to most statistical design problems are briefly discussed. These include one-sided hypothesis tests, power level criteria, equality of within-group variances, transformations of response variables to achieve variance equality, optimal specification of treatment group sizes, ‘post hoc’ power analysis and arguments for the increased use of confidence intervals in place of hypothesis tests.
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Daneshmand, Morteza, Egils Avots y Gholamreza Anbarjafari. "Proportional Error Back-Propagation (PEB): Real-Time Automatic Loop Closure Correction for Maintaining Global Consistency in 3D Reconstruction with Minimal Computational Cost". Measurement Science Review 18, n.º 3 (1 de junio de 2018): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msr-2018-0013.
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AbstractThis paper introduces a robust, real-time loop closure correction technique for achieving global consistency in 3D reconstruction, whose underlying notion is to back-propagate the cumulative transformation error appearing while merging the pairs of consecutive frames in a sequence of shots taken by an RGB-D or depth camera. The proposed algorithm assumes that the starting frame and the last frame of the sequence roughly overlap. In order to verify the robustness and reliability of the proposed method, namely, Proportional Error Back- Propagation (PEB), it has been applied to numerous case-studies, which encompass a wide range of experimental conditions, including different scanning trajectories with reversely directed motions within them, and the results are presented. The main contribution of the proposed algorithm is its considerably low computational cost which has the possibility of usage in real-time 3D reconstruction applications. Also, neither manual input nor interference is required from the user, which renders the whole process automatic.
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Sundaram, Gopinath M., Hisyam M. Ismail, Mohsin Bashir, Manish Muhuri, Candida Vaz, Srikanth Nama, Ghim Siong Ow et al. "EGF hijacks miR-198/FSTL1 wound-healing switch and steers a two-pronged pathway toward metastasis". Journal of Experimental Medicine 214, n.º 10 (21 de agosto de 2017): 2889–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20170354.
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Epithelial carcinomas are well known to activate a prolonged wound-healing program that promotes malignant transformation. Wound closure requires the activation of keratinocyte migration via a dual-state molecular switch. This switch involves production of either the anti-migratory microRNA miR-198 or the pro-migratory follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) protein from a single transcript; miR-198 expression in healthy skin is down-regulated in favor of FSTL1 upon wounding, which enhances keratinocyte migration and promotes re-epithelialization. Here, we reveal a defective molecular switch in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This defect shuts off miR-198 expression in favor of sustained FSTL1 translation, driving metastasis through dual parallel pathways involving DIAPH1 and FSTL1. DIAPH1, a miR-198 target, enhances directional migration through sequestration of Arpin, a competitive inhibitor of Arp2/3 complex. FSTL1 blocks Wnt7a-mediated repression of extracellular signal–regulated kinase phosphorylation, enabling production of MMP9, which degrades the extracellular matrix and facilitates metastasis. The prognostic significance of the FSTL1-DIAPH1 gene pair makes it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention.
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Anipko, O., D. Baulin, I. Biryukov y O. Gunko. "PREDICTION OF CHANGES IN THE BALLISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SHOTS OF SEPARATE-SLEEVE LOADING WITH LONG-TERM CHARGES". Integrated Technologies and Energy Saving, n.º 1 (21 de junio de 2022): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2078-5364.2022.1.06.
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Currently, the problem of many countries of the world, including Ukraine, is the presence in arsenals, bases and warehouses of a large number of various ammunition that are beyond the boundaries of the guaranteed storage periods. The lack of production capacity in Ukraine for the manufacture of ammunition has led to the fact that ammunition is currently in operation, the storage time of which exceeds 30 years.
As the results of studies show, during long-term storage, nitrocellulose-based gunpowders used in ammunition undergo various physical and chemical transformations, which leads to changes in their properties and, in turn, to the negative consequences of the use of such ammunition.
This article analyzes publications devoted to scientific research on the problems of operating long-term ammunition, their impact on the ballistic characteristics of weapons and the feasibility of using such ammunition, both in terms of personnel safety, and the accuracy of performing fire missions and the operation of weapons in general.
The general problem of the operation of ammunition with post-warranty storage periods is presented, as well as one of the tasks associated with the possibility of predicting changes in the properties of powder charges at different storage periods.
The generalizing data of the shooting experiment with the use of the 122-mm D-30 howitzer and shots of various years of manufacture are given. A change in the firing range depending on the life of the ammunition is shown, as well as a change in some ballistic characteristics. On the basis of the experiment, a relation has been obtained that makes it possible to predict changes in the initial velocity of the projectile depending on the mass of the charge.
The possibility of restoring the properties of powder charges by treating them with hydrogen peroxide is shown, as well as a predictive assessment of the appropriate timing for the regeneration of nitrocellulose powder charges for homologation of the ballistic and energy characteristics of ammunition.
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Theocharis, Stefanos, Eleftherios P. Pappas, Ioannis Seimenis, Panagiotis Kouris, Dimitrios Dellios, Georgios Kollias y Pantelis Karaiskos. "Geometric distortion assessment in 3T MR images used for treatment planning in cranial Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Radiotherapy". PLOS ONE 17, n.º 5 (23 de mayo de 2022): e0268925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268925.
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Magnetic Resonance images (MRIs) are employed in brain Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Radiotherapy (SRS/SRT) for target and/or critical organ localization and delineation. However, MRIs are inherently distorted, which also impacts the accuracy of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Computed Tomography (MRI/CT) co-registration process. In this phantom-based study, geometric distortion is assessed in 3T T2-weighted images (T2WIs), while the efficacy of an MRI distortion correction technique is also evaluated. A homogeneous polymer gel-filled phantom was CT-imaged before being irradiated with 26 4-mm Gamma Knife shots at predefined locations (reference control points). The irradiated phantom was MRI-scanned at 3T, implementing a T2-weighted protocol suitable for SRS/SRT treatment planning. The centers of mass of all shots were identified in the 3D image space by implementing an iterative localization algorithm and served as the evaluated control points for MRI distortion detection. MRIs and CT images were spatially co-registered using a mutual information algorithm. The inverse transformation matrix was applied to the reference control points and compared with the corresponding MRI-identified ones to evaluate the overall spatial accuracy of the MRI/CT dataset. The mean image distortion correction technique was implemented, and resulting MRI-corrected control points were compared against the corresponding reference ones. For the scanning parameters used, increased MRI distortion (>1mm) was detected at areas distant from the MRI isocenter (>5cm), while median radial distortion was 0.76mm. Detected offsets were slightly higher for the MRI/CT dataset (0.92mm median distortion). The mean image distortion correction improves geometric accuracy, but residual distortion cannot be considered negligible (0.51mm median distortion). For all three datasets studied, a statistically significant positive correlation between detected spatial offsets and their distance from the MRI isocenter was revealed. This work contributes towards the wider adoption of 3T imaging in SRS/SRT treatment planning. The presented methodology can be employed in commissioning and quality assurance programmes of corresponding treatment workflows.
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Liu, Xuejian y Yike Liu. "Plane-wave domain least-squares reverse time migration with free-surface multiples". GEOPHYSICS 83, n.º 6 (1 de noviembre de 2018): S477—S487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0570.1.
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Free-surface multiples have been used in the reverse time migration (RTM) procedure to provide additional subsurface illumination. However, imaging multiple reflections with conventional RTM operators generates many crosstalk artifacts. Least-squares RTM (LSRTM) can be used to iteratively suppress crosstalk artifacts of multiples; however, the method is computationally intensive. By applying the linear Radon transformation to hundreds of shots of acquired data to produce dozens of plane-wave gathers, we have developed plane-wave domain LSRTM with free-surface multiples, which could efficiently provide images from the multiples with the crosstalk artifacts effectively suppressed. The proposed method has high computational efficiency when the dynamic plane-wave encoding scheme is used, in which only one or two plane-wave gathers of multiples are migrated at each iteration. We apply the method to numerical Pluto1.5 data and find that the proposed method can reduce most crosstalk artifacts and enhance spatial resolution, using even less computational time relative to RTM with multiples. Furthermore, joint imaging of primaries and multiples by plane-wave LSRTM can provide broader illumination and higher fold for the subsurface when compared with the imaging process with primaries only.
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Georgiou, E. –S. "THE GREEK – ROMAN AQUEDUCT: THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION WITH TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAPHY". International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-5/W1-2022 (3 de febrero de 2022): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-5-w1-2022-103-2022.
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Abstract. The current paper is a part of the scientific category HBIM, with ground photography and photogrammetric processing. The photogrammetry is an important tool for recording, storing, promoting and documenting buildings. The purpose of the work is to construct a three-dimensional model of the Greek-Roman aqueduct of the city of Kavala, in northern Greece. First of all, the aqueduct has a very important historical and aesthetic value for the city, because it is a tourist attraction. Also, it is an urban physical boundary, which separates part of the old town from the new roads of the coastal front. Moreover, the methodology was based on photographic shots, then on photogrammetric processing with Zephyr software. The methodology of the 3D model had as a purpose the terrestrial photography in a rapid and effective way. The result, of the work is the presentation of the three-dimensional model of the aqueduct, the analysis of the methodological steps of photogrammetric processing and the analysis of the historical transformation of the aqueduct area by a medieval and modern coastal city. The advantages of photogrammetric documentation have a role in the storage of the three-dimensional form of the historical building and in the smart promotion of its historical, touristic, urban aspects.
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Halim, Marwa y Suharjito Suharjito. "Learning Management System Development with Application of Asynchronous Learning Method in STMIK IBBI Medan". CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal 9, n.º 2 (31 de octubre de 2015): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/commit.v9i2.1652.
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This article will explain asynchronous learn- ing system using attractive discussion forums and video teaching materials features for user so that the devel- opment of both features will increase e-learning system usage by students and lecturers which can eventually im- prove the students’ absorption on the provided teaching materials, increase the active participation of students, improve self-learning ability, and to improve the quality of learning materials. The method used in this study by distributing questionnaires in online form to stakeholders users consisting of lecturers and students with the num- ber of respondents is 225 people and author use model ADDIE which focuses on Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation as development design. Results of this study is an application of web-based asynchronous learning which can be used by students and lecturers with the results of the application evaluation is based on a survey to students and lecturers. From this study, can be concluded that to support online learning with asynchronous method using the video learning feature in online lecture needs to be developed in order to support the science transformation process from lecturers to students. Attractive video teaching materials model for students has characteristics such as screen shots and presentation models.
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Cheiliakh, Oleksandr P. y Irina V. Kolodyazhna. "New Wear-Resistant Metastable Strain Hardenable Alloyed Cast Irons". Key Engineering Materials 457 (diciembre de 2010): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.457.267.
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This work addresses an urgent problem which is saving alloying elements (Ni, Mo, Nb, V, W and others) -which very scarce in Ukraine and other countries- while increasing the physical, mechanical and operational properties of the new designed and developed wear-resistant cast irons. Optical microscopy, x-ray structure analysis, transmission and scanning (fracture) electron microscopy methods, different-thermal, magnetometric and x-ray analyses, as well as hardness and micro-hardness tests, impact energy, and abrasive wear tests in environments of cast-iron shots were employed in the research. The work summarizes the controlling conditions for forming various metastable phases by including deformation (or strain) induced phase transformation (DIPT) and through realization in the process of testing. New wear-resistant economical alloyed cast irons with a metastable austenite-carbide and austenite-martensite-carbide structure are developed, which are being strain- hardened under impact-abrasive wearing operation conditions due to the realization of process DIPT in the superficial layer. These new cast irons are intended for manufacturing parts of different equipment (protective plates of sinter machines, furnaces, tracks for transferring raw materials at iron and steel works, etc.). These cast irons do not contain expensive and deficit alloying components, like nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, and more expensive similar materials. Simultaneously they possess enhanced impact-abrasive wear resistance.
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Алдошина, M. Aldoshina y Гришина. "Formation of Quality Competence of Future Teachers and Heads of the Educational Organizations at University". Standards and Monitoring in Education 5, n.º 3 (5 de junio de 2017): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_591c00f54ba400.46915597.
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In the conditions of system transformations of an education system the contradiction between requirement of society for the teachers of a new formation acting as the guarantor of quality education, and a fragmentariness of the quality training of students at university which isn’t providing fully the social order convinces of need of formation at students of evidence-based, integrative knowledge in the fi eld of quality assessment as element of professional competence. In the article results of modeling of process of formation of quality competence of future teachers and heads of the educational organizations are stated. At the same time pedagogical modeling in the context of the publication is understood as development of the purposes (the general idea) of creation of required pedagogical process and the main ways of their achievement. At creation of model authors were guided by the experience of pedagogical researches, general scientifi c requirements relating to process of modeling and personal practice of formation the quality of competences of university. The presented model gives the chance of transfer of the obtained data in real practice by means of adaptation to specifi c objectives of quality education in the conditions of implementation of professional educational programs of preparation of pedagogical shots.
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Nam, Soon-Kwon y Yunseong Park. "Interaction of Electron Beams and Polarized Radiation in a Two-Beam Free-Electron Laser". Energies 15, n.º 10 (18 de mayo de 2022): 3703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103703.
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Recent research has focused on shorter pulses, new spectral ranges, higher photon fluxes, and the production of photons with a variety of polarizations. A time-dependent three-dimensional free-electron laser oscillator code was developed for a two-beam free-electron laser system with an elliptically polarized undulator. Characteristics of the interaction of the electron beams and polarized radiation in the XUV region were studied using this code. The code utilized an optical field using the spectral method in the paraxial approximation by a fast Fourier transformation, a Gaussian modal expansion for the optical field, and Newton–Lorentz force equations for particle tracking. As the emittance was increased, the degrees of polarization of the single-beam system with an elliptically polarized undulator and the two-beam system with a planar undulator were decreased significantly compared to those of a two-beam system with an elliptically polarized undulator in the XUV regions. The radiation intensities, the evolutions of the radiation power for wavelength, and the time in the two-beam system were increased significantly compared to those of a single-beam system. The statistical simulation result for the distribution of the number of shots in the degrees of polarization in the two-beam system was much better than that of the case with the single-beam system.
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Wright, Gerald C. y Elizabeth Rigby. "Income Inequality and State Parties: Who Gets Represented?" State Politics & Policy Quarterly 20, n.º 4 (8 de abril de 2020): 395–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532440020912461.
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Recent studies of representation at the national and state levels have provided evidence that elected officials’ votes, political parties’ platforms, and enacted policy choices are more responsive to the preferences of the affluent, while those with average incomes and the poor have little or no impact on the political process. Yet, this research on the dominance of the affluent has overlooked key partisan differences in the electorate. In this era of hyperpartisanship, we argue that representation occurs through the party system, and we test whether taking this reality into account changes the story of policy dominance by the rich. We combine data on public preferences and state party positions to test for income bias in parties’ representation of their own co-partisans. The results show an interesting pattern in which underrepresentation of the poor is driven by Democratic parties pushing the more liberal social policy stances of rich Democrats and Republican parties reflecting the particularly conservative economic policy preferences of rich Republicans. Thus, we have ample evidence that the wealthy, more often than not, do call the shots, but that the degree to which this disproportionate party responsiveness produces less representative policies depends on the party in power and the policy dimension being considered. We conclude by linking this pattern of influence and “coincidental representation” to familiar changes which define the transformation of the New Deal party system.
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Ryabchenko, A. G. y I. D. Zolotareva. "Features of party education in the USSR in the late 1920s-1930s". Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, n.º 4 (28 de enero de 2020): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2019-4-129-133.
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The article attempts to reveal the main features of the emergence and further development of the Soviet party elite of the USSR in 1920-1930. In the article, the political elite is understood as the partyadministrative elite of the country, which, as a rule, consisted of members or candidates of the CPSU (b), and was the most significant in its influence on the life of the country group of managers, both national and local authorities. One of the necessary attributes, by the end of the 1920s. it became possible to get education in Soviet party schools in a number of relevant areas. At the beginning of the 1930s. had to deploy a system of party schools, lower, middle and higher, the main purpose of which was to train the party-Soviet and partyeconomic managers of higher and middle management. But also higher education institutions not party also were a forge of shots of party managers-functionaries and Communists-economic managers and experts. The article is devoted to the history of the system of training managers of the party-state apparatus of the USSR. Attention is drawn to the peculiarities of the formation of the Soviet state, associated with the implementation of three global transformations, such as industrialization, collectivization and cultural revolution, which contributed to a significant change in the social structure of society.
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Webster, Ian T. y Graham P. Harris. "Anthropogenic impacts on the ecosystems of coastal lagoons: modelling fundamental biogeochemical processes and management implications". Marine and Freshwater Research 55, n.º 1 (2004): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf03068.
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This paper presents a biogeochemical model of a coastal lagoon intended to be representative of lagoons occurring along the south-east and south-west coasts of Australia. Many of these lagoons are threatened by increased nutrient loads because of land use change, by alterations to their freshwater inflows and by modification to their tidal flushing regimens. The model simulates the biogeochemical response of the lagoon to nutrient (nitrogen) loading and includes nutrient transformation processes in the sediments, as well as in the water column. The paper focuses on the response of primary producers to increasing and decreasing nutrient loads and how the response is altered by changes in the flushing rate of the lagoon with the sea. In common with lakes, the modelled lagoon exhibits alternative stable states representing macrophyte or phytoplankton dominance depending on nutrient loading and history. A third state representing severe degradation occurs when denitrification shuts down. A characteristic of Australian coastal lagoon systems is that, due to highly sporadic rainfall patterns, nutrient inflows are dominated by intermittent extreme events. The modelling demonstrates that such a loading regimen may be expected to generally increase the vulnerability of the lagoon to increasing nutrient loads. The results of the analysis presented are pertinent to several questions raised by coastal managers, such as what are the expected benefits of improving flushing by dredging and what are the consequences of altering the timing and magnitudes of the loads reaching the lagoons?
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Resta, Giuseppe. "Landscape transformations in Albania. A photographic survey on the traces of Italian travellers in the Balkans". Sophia Journal 6, n.º 1 (12 de enero de 2022): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-8976_2021-0006_0001_8.
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After the fall of the Ottoman Empire, Albania became a possible land of conquest for Italy, France, and Austria. Explorations and surveys of the newly liberated territory involved numerous scientific a nd military expeditions. At the end of the nineteenth century, the Reale Società Geografica Italiana had been carrying out a systematic study of Albanian landscape, mainly aimed at geographical research. Relevant Italian scholars and geographers travelled to Tirana and Valona. Antonio Baldacci (1867-1950) between 1892 and 1902, Roberto Almagià (1884-1962), Aldo Sestini (1904-1988) in 1940, Bruno Castiglioni (1898-1945) who recorded geomorphological aspects as an army officer following Italian troops. Two expeditions in 1940 allowed them to collect all the information needed to publish the fundamental monograph “L’Albania”, printed in 1943. Bruno Castiglioni oversaw the geomorphological aspects of the study, Ferdinando Milone covered anthropology and economics, and Aldo Sestini investigated the geographical features of each region. Another landmark contribution is Antonio Baldacci’s Itinerari albanesi: (1892-1902), which described discovering an obscure land, its natural features and the built environment.
The contribution for the sixth issue of Sophie draws on a photographic campaign carried out between July 2016 and June 2018, and currently being finalised in the form of a Catalogue of Landscape Typologies. The author c onducts a photographic c ampaign a long the s ame itineraries covered by the aforementioned geographers, discovering similarities and differences with the contemporary Albanian landscape. Manuscripts, diplomatic accounts, publications, and photographs produced by Italian travellers of the early twentieth century are being compared with the current status of the visual environment. Tourism-related activities have altered the scenery of the coast, particularly the so-called Riviera that connects Vlorë with Sarandë, while other sectors of the northern mainland have remained relatively unchanged.
This ongoing research is expected to inform a general catalogue of Albanian landscapes, intended as a tool for planning future interventions across the country. The catalogue could be a useful tool to build an alternative visual cartography. The Catalogue of Landscape Typologies collects four hundred geolocated shots of selected views, which have been classified and redrawn to identify recurring features and visual landmarks. Images are being disassembled in coherent morphological layers: woods, agricultural plains, cultivated slopes, spontaneous vegetation fields, urbanization areas, water bodies and the profile of the mountains. Contemporary Albania and other countries in the Balkans are rapidly changing the quality of its built environment in an attempt to emerge and progress towards the European standards. On the other hand, one could argue that unique views can be lost along the way.
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Knisely, Jonathan P., James E. Bond, Ning J. Yue, Colin Studholme y Alain C. J. de Lotbinière. "Image registration and calculation of a biologically effective dose for multisession radiosurgical treatments". Journal of Neurosurgery 93, supplement_3 (diciembre de 2000): 208–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2000.93.supplement_3.0208.
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✓ The purpose of this study was to develop techniques for registering image sets associated with staged or multifraction radiosurgical treatments of large targets with the Leksell gamma knife to transform shot coordinates between treatment sessions and produce cumulative dose distributions and to investigate the theoretical biological effects of such protracted treatments by means of such concepts as the linear—quadratic model and biologically effective dose. An image registration technique based on normalized mutual information was adapted to produce one fused-image study from an imaging series acquired during distinct treatment sessions. A spreadsheet computer program was developed to determine coordinate transformations between the associated stereotactic coordinate systems based on digitized coordinates of fiducial markers appearing on the fused images. Coordinates of shots used during one treatment session could then be transformed to the stereotactic space of another session, and cumulative dose distributions could be computed. The procedure was applied to the two-stage treatment of a giant arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Overall uncertainty in each transformed shot position is approximately 0.7 mm. An effective single-fraction dose (Deff) was defined and computed for the two-stage AVM treatment. The simple summed dose distribution was compared with the Deff distribution. Because dose values differ significantly in overlap regions between the individual distributions, the clinical usefulness of the simple cumulative distribution is dubious. It may be useful for a future update of the GammaPlan treatment planning software to generate effective single-session dose distributions for such cases.
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Sosin, I., Y. Chuev y O. Goncharova. "Integrated Identification of New Substantional Gadget Addiction: With Selfie-mania Phenomenon Model". European Psychiatry 41, S1 (abril de 2017): S705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1254.
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IntroductionModern selfie-infatuation extent went far beyond fashion and subculture causing distinct tendency to non-chemical addiction state transformation requiring evidential scientific identification.Aims and objectivesTo develop clinical-psychological and classification basis for new type of gadget addiction (selfie-mania), prevention and approaches to mental correction and rehabilitation.MethodSelfie attitude testing of 157 respondents-students, and internet resources topical data analysis were done.ResultsBehaviour models were rubricated, design and content, causes, clinical-psychological description, selfie-phenomenon prevalence were clarified. It allows to state selfie-addiction specific key symptoms, conforming to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for addiction states:– psychological and emotional supercomfort feeling during realizing selfie-interventions (substantional analogue of euphoria phenomenon caused by psychoactive substances in narcology);– desire for permanent updating and layouting in social networks selfie-portraits, selfie-positions (impulse control disorder analogue);– selfie-modifying need causing adrenaline extreme and life threat (analogues: compulsive craving, megadoses, overdosages, amnesias);– obsessive craving to increase daily number of selfie-shots (tolerance syndrome analogue);– constant foreshortening change of selfie-interventions (analogue: experimentation with different psychoactive substances, searching behaviour);– selfie-destruction psychopathological consequences (neurotism, mental and behavioural disorders, group pattern of behavioural selfie-deviations);– formation of associated comorbid chemical and other substantional addiction forms;– selfie-deprivation syndrome (analogue: alcohol or drug withdrawal syndrome);– interdisciplinary range of problems (professional sphere of study for sociologists, psychologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, narcologists, psychotherapists, sexopathologists, lawyers).ConclusionsSelfie-addiction problem recognition is necessary on the level of inclusion to ICD, that will allow to develop scientific, legal and clinical base for integrated prevention, rehabilitation and treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Beaulieu, Marie-Claude, Ahmad Nehme, Francis Fortin, Fatine Karkri, Nicole Daneault, Yan Deschaintre, Laura C. Gioia et al. "Non-Contrast CT and CT-Angiogram for Late Window Ischemic Stroke Treatment Selection". Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 47, n.º 3 (13 de enero de 2020): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2020.15.
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ABSTRACT:Introduction:The benefit of late window endovascular treatment (EVT) for anterior circulation ischemic stroke has been demonstrated using perfusion-based neuroimaging. We evaluated whether non-contrast CT (NCCT) and CT-angiogram (CTA) alone can select late-presenting patients for EVT.Methods:We performed a retrospective comparison of all patients undergoing EVT at a single comprehensive stroke center from January 2016 to April 2017. Patients planned for EVT were divided into early (<6 hours from onset) and late (≥6 hours from onset or last time seen normal) window groups. Incidence of symptomatic hemorrhagic transformations (sHTs) at 24 hours and 3-month modified Rankin scores (mRSs) were compared.Results:During the study period, 204 (82%) patients underwent EVT in the early and 44 (18%) in the late window. Median (interquartile range) NIH Stroke Scale Score was similar between groups (early: 18 [15–23] vs. late: 17 [13–21]), as were median ASPECT scores (early: 9 [8–10] vs. late: 9 [7–9]). In the late window, 42 (95%) strokes were of unknown onset. Similar proportions of sHT occurred at 24 hours (early: 12 [6%] vs. late: 4 [9%], p = 0.43). At 3 months, the proportion of patients achieving functional independence (mRS 0–2) were comparable in the early (80/192 [42%]) and late (16/41 [39%]) windows (p = 0.76).Conclusion:NCCT- and CTA-based patient selection led to similar functional independence outcomes and low proportions of sHT in the early and late windows. In centers without access to perfusion-based neuroimaging, this pragmatic approach could be safe, particularly for strokes of unknown onset.
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Stauskis, Vytautas y Vytautas Kunigėlis. "ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PULSED SOUND SOURCES OF VARIOUS TYPES/ĮVAIRIŲ TIPŲ IMPULSINIŲ GARSO ŠALTINIŲ AKUSTINĖS CHARAKTERISTIKOS". JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 4, n.º 4 (31 de diciembre de 1998): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.1998.10531423.
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The paper examines the acoustic characteristics of explosion-type pulsed sound sources of four types. These include a Calibre 8 sound gun, a start gun, a Calibre 16 hunting gun, and a toy gun. The latter was included both because of its short pulse duration and for comparison purposes. Correct selection of a source is very important because it largely determines the results of acoustic measurements. Certain requirements are set for a sound source. In order to concentrate as much energy as possible at the given moment, the signal bandwidth-duration product must be as large as possible. The range frequencies to be excited depend on the pulse duration. The latter also determines whether interference phenomena will occur in the room and whether individual reflections will merge. The experiments were conducted in a room of 12 m2. The distance between the microphone and the pulsed sound source was 1 m. The structure of reflections depends on the pulse by means of which the sound field is excited. The smallest number of reflections is generated by a sound source. During a 20 ms experiment, the amplitudes of these reflections almost coincided with the direct sound amplitude. A sound gun emits more sound energy than other pulses. When the sound field is excited by means of a start gun and a hunting gun, the reflection structure, by amplitude, is very different from that produced by a sound gun. A dense reflection structure is formed by a toy gun but it emits less energy. The structure of reflections generated by a hunting gun is acceptable but its shots are very unstable, which is a major drawback in an experiment. The shots from a sound gun differ only by about 0.1% among themselves by amplitude, ie they are sufficiently stable. Among the four sound sources, the best reflection structure is produced by a sound gun. A sound gun is characterised both by the longest pulse duration (about 0.55 ms) and the highest levels of energy emitted. The pulse duration of the rest three guns is almost equal and is about 0.15 ms, ie is 3.6 times shorter than that of a sound gun. The forms of signals emitted by these sound sources are also very different. The spectrum of a sound source was established on Fourier transformation basis. The spectrum is largely dependent on the type of a gun by means of which the sound field is excited. The maximum width of the spectrum generated by a sound gun occupies almost two octaves, from 500 to 2000 Hz, and the radiation in this range is quite uniform. The spectra of a start gun and a hunting gun are similar but these guns emit less sound energy than a sound gun. The structure of reflections generated by them is also quite different. A toy gun radiates energy in a less narrower band, the width of which occupies about a half of octave, with a maximum at 2000 Hz. This is not very good because too small quantities of low- and medium-frequency sound energy are radiated.
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KYSH, Liydmila. "LOGISTIC PROVISION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION". "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", n.º 4 (44) (abril de 2019): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-4-6.
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In the conditions of modern market economy the role of logistic grows constantly. Speed of товаропотоків and volume of the attracted money depends on the effective planning and co-ordination of logistic chains of delivery. The logistic providing foresees a complex from the management of deliveries chains, which is used for satisfaction of necessities of clients by planning, control and introduction of the effective moving and storage of corresponding information, commodities and services from the place of production to the place of consumption. A management logistic helps companies to decrease expenses and promote the level of service of customers. As a rule, large retail dealers or producers own basic parts of the logistic network. Most companies, however, pass to this function the mediators. To the number of basic factors of rapid introduction of logistic in a world economy belong: - dynamic development of information technologies; - globalization of markets; - structural changes are in organization of business; - philosophy of management quality. Modern development of logistic status is characterized by a few tendencies: by computerization of logistic operations, expansion of containertraffics, minimization of charges, related to transporting, storage, repacking, custom registration; by the increase of demand on high-quality logistic services; diminishing of charges of producers due to optimization of logistic chains. Negative factors which influence on market of logistic services development in Ukraine is dissatisfaction by demand on a ware-house economy and a transport infrastructure is developed not enough, absence of skilled shots in logistic. Transformation of logistic infrastructure must be based on approach of the systems, which enables to ground strategy of her development and working out in detail in perspective and current plans. The basic result of optimization of logistic infrastructure must be minimization of charges on maintenance of materially-material streams. Perspective direction of further researches is a study of directions of optimization of logistic charges during organization of international transportations.
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Giovannoni, Giulio. "The Social Life of Gas Stations". Journal of Public Space 1, n.º 1 (18 de octubre de 2016): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/jps.v1i1.12.
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Literature on gas stations is attributable to a handful of approaches: a nostalgic/historical approach on the first vernacular manifestations of such roadside artifacts; an opposite bleak approach, stressing their features of "non-places"; the obvious branch of technological literature; and a few others. Almost never are gas stations considered as public spaces. However gas stations, as well as other curbside artifacts, abound of social life. This is particularly true in Italy, where thanks to the post-war tradition of Autogrill, gas stations are often much more than just a place to fill up. They provide coffee shops, restaurants, pastry shops, as well as newsstands, stores, food vendors, not to say of the inevitable Mac Drives. Al that accessible, easy to park, and in many instances open 24/7, in a country which shuts at 7.00 pm, or at best at 9.00 pm. Therefore gas stations end to be the crossroads of many social interactions, especially – but not only –of youth subcultures. For these reasons gas stations deserve being studied for what they are, avoiding both nostalgic and bleak approaches. The paper presents the first results of an ongoing research on the social life of gas stations in central Italy. It is structured in five main sections. Section one synthesizes the main positions on gas stations, from the pessimistic ones equating gas stations to nonplaces, to the more optimistic framing gas stations within street and car cultures. Section two frames the relevance of gas stations within the wider transformation produced on cities by the advent of car. Section three provides an historical framework in order to explain today’s social relevance of gas stations in Italy. Section four presents the research findings on the social life of such ‘architectures in motion’, confirming the importance of gas stations for public life. The conclusive section of the paper draws policy implications of such findings claiming the necessity of explicitly designing gas stations as places for public life.
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Kirby, D., S. Green, F. Fiorini, D. Parker, L. Romagnani, D. Doria, S. Kar, C. Lewis, M. Borghesi y H. Palmans. "Radiochromic film spectroscopy of laser-accelerated proton beams using the FLUKA code and dosimetry traceable to primary standards". Laser and Particle Beams 29, n.º 2 (8 de abril de 2011): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034611000206.
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AbstractA new approach to spectroscopy of laser induced proton beams using radiochromic film (RCF) is presented. This approach allows primary standards of absorbed dose-to-water as used in radiotherapy to be transferred to the calibration of GafChromic HD-810 and EBT in a 29 MeV proton beam from the Birmingham cyclotron. These films were then irradiated in a common stack configuration using the TARANIS Nd:Glass multi-terawatt laser at Queens University Belfast, which can accelerate protons to 10–12 MeV, and a depth-dose curve was measured from a collimated beam. Previous work characterizing the relative effectiveness (RE) of GafChromic film as a function of energy was implemented into Monte Carlo depth-dose curves using FLUKA. A Bragg peak (BP) “library” for proton energies 0–15 MeV was generated, both with and without the RE function. These depth-response curves were iteratively summed in a FORTRAN routine to solve for the measured RCF depth-dose using a simple direct search algorithm. By comparing resultant spectra with both BP libraries, it was found that the effect of including the RE function accounted for an increase in the total number of protons by about 50%. To account for the energy loss due to a 20 µm aluminum filter in front of the film stack, FLUKA was used to create a matrix containing the energy loss transformations for each individual energy bin. Multiplication by the pseudo-inverse of this matrix resulted in “up-shifting” protons to higher energies. Applying this correction to two laser shots gave further increases in the total number of protons, N of 31% and 56%. Failure to consider the relative response of RCF to lower proton energies and neglecting energy losses in a stack filter foil can potentially lead to significant underestimates of the total number of protons in RCF spectroscopy of the low energy protons produced by laser ablation of thin targets.
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Yakovenko, Vadim, Nataliia Furmanova, Ihor Flys, Yuryi Shchavinsky, Oleksii Farafonov, Oleksandr Malyi y Sergiy Samoylyk. "Determining the components of the structural-automatic model of firing a single target in armor protection with fragmentation-beam projectiles of directed action in a series of three shots based on the reference graph of states". Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, n.º 3(119) (30 de octubre de 2022): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.266275.
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The problem of determining the components of the structural-automatic model is solved by creating a graph of states and transitions. The purpose of the process is to form a formalized expression of the object of study in the form of a structural-machine model of the process of firing a mobile armored vehicle with a series of three shots with fragmentation-beam projectiles of directional action. This model can be further practically implemented during the development of the latest samples of fire resistance in order to reduce errors at the stage of system design. This approach reduces the cost of design and production of prototypes by up to 25 %. This paper considers the process involving interrelated elements of the components of a system while accounting for all possible variants of its behavior from the moment of detection to the failure of a single target in armor protection to perform tasks as intended. The execution of a fire task is considered as a set of certain procedures characterized by the average value of their duration. The explosive destruction of the hull of each fragmentation-beam projectile is characterized by the self-propagation of the reaction of explosive transformations based on tabular data on an armored combat vehicle. Appropriate procedures (phases) of firing a single target in armor protection are advisable to formalize to create preconditions for obtaining the value of a statistical indicator of the effectiveness of causing damage to the target and to study further alternative options for this process. For the proposed structural-automatic model of the process of firing a single target in armor protection with a series of fragmentation-beam projectiles of directional action, validation and verification were carried out, which demonstrated the convergence of the results that exceeded 60 %. The use of the structural-automatic model's components proposed in this work increases the probability of performing a fire task for the first shot from 0.23 to 0.88, for the second – from 0.35 to 0.95, for the third – from 0.45 to 0.98
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Dergachov, Konstantin, Leonid Krasnov, Vladislav Bilozerskyi y Anatoly Zymovin. "Methods and algorithms for protecting information in optical text recognition systems". RADIOELECTRONIC AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS, n.º 1 (23 de febrero de 2022): 154–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/reks.2022.1.12.
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The subject of the study. A concept of OCR systems performance improvement is proposed, which is achieved through the integrated use of special algorithms for preliminary processing of documents picture, an extended set of service functions, and advanced techniques for information protection. Study objectives: development of algorithms that compensate for the influence of the unfavorable points like imperfect lighting conditions overshooting, images geometric deformation, noises, etc., which corrupt the pictured text, on the efficiency of that text recognition. It is needed to provide for a series of service procedures that would ensure adequate data handling while viewing, converting, and storing in standard formats the results, and ensuring the possibility to exchange data in open communication networks. Additionally, it is necessary to ensure the information protection against unauthorized use at the stage of data processing and provide secretiveness of their transmission through the communication channels. Investigation methods and research results: developed and tested algorithms for preliminary picture data processing, namely, for the captured image geometry transformation, picture noise correction with different filters, image binarization when using the adaptive thresholds reduced the negative influence of irregular image portions illumination; in the software, the special services ensure the data processing ease and information protection are affected. In particular, the interactive procedure for text segmentation is proposed, which implies the possibility of anonymizing its fragments and contributes to collecting confidentiality for documents treated. The package for processing document shots contains the face detection algorithm bringing the identification of such information features; it can be used further in the task of face recognition. After the textual doc is recognized, the received data encryption is provided by generating a QR-code and the steganography methods can deliver the privacy of this information transmission. The algorithms' structures are described in detail and the stability of their work under various conditions is investigated. Focused on the case study, docs' text recognition software was developed with the usage of Tesseract version 4.0 optical character recognition program. The program named "HQ Scanner" is written in Python using the present resources of the OpenCV library. An original technique for evaluating the efficiency of algorithms using the criterion of the maximum probability of correct text recognition is implemented in the software. Conclusions. The study results can constitute the basis for developing advanced specialized software for easy-to-use commercial OCR systems.
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Poulaki, Aikaterini, Theodora Katsila, Ioanna E. Stergiou, Stavroula Giannouli, Jose Carlos Gόmez Tamayo, Konstantinos Kambas, George Patrinos, George Vassilopoulos y Michael Voulgarelis. "The Metabolomic Status of the Differentiating Myeloid Lineage in MDS with Low and High Bone Marrow Blast Counts". Blood 136, Supplement 1 (5 de noviembre de 2020): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-140468.
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Despite its major role in cellular biology, metabolism has only recently acquired a principal role in the research of the most profound cellular cycle disturbance, cancerous transformation. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), a massively heterogeneous group of Hematopoietic Stem/ Progenitor Cell (HSC/HPC) disorders lie at the interface of normal differentiation and malignant transformation and have thus drew great attention due to their polymorphic presentation and elusive pathophysiology. Failure to establish a direct etiopathogenic relationship with specific genetic aberrations, along with the novel finding of a highly deregulated HIF1 activity by several unrelated research groups worldwide, including ours, urged us to investigate the metabolomic status of human bone marrow derived differentiating myeloid lineage in comparison with one another as well as with control samples. BM aspiration samples collected from 14 previously untreated MDS patients (10 patients with <5% (1 SLD, 8MLD, 1del5q, group 1- G1) and 4 with >5% BM blasts (2 EB1, 2 EB2group 2 - G2)) and 5 age matched controls. Myeloid lineage cells were isolated through ficoll bilayer protocol. All samples contained homogenous myeloid lineage subpopulations, assessedthrough optical microscopy. Two different metabolite extraction protocols were applied. The one with the best metabolites yield (50% MeOH, 30% ACN, 20% H2O) was chosen. LC-MS/MS analysis was performed using UPLC 1290 system (Agilent Technologies) coupled to a TripleTOF 5600+ mass spectrometer (SCIEX) equipped with SWATH acquisition, SelexION technology and an electrospray ionization source (ESI). A threshold of a minimum of three samples expressing a given metabolite was set against data sparsity. Data tables were scaled by data centering and setting unit variance. Log2 Foldcalculation and PLS analysis were performed for the two datasets (positive and negative ion-modes). R2 and Q2 for positive ion-mode and negative-ion mode analyses were determined. Both datasets were merged in a unique data table by taking into account maximum absolute log2 foldvalues, when a metabolite was found in both datasets. Warburg effect was evidently present in both the G1 and G2 vs control comparisons, yet the role of this stem like aerobic glycolysis seems markedly different in the two groups. While in the G2 group it serves to rescue glucose from complete burn in the mitochondrion and thus shuts it towards nucleotide synthesis (Pentose Phosphate Pathway found upregulated) with the added benefit of increased reduced Glutathione synthesis and improved redox state, in the G1 group proves detrimental. This greatly variable effect of the same phenomenon in the cellular fate lies upon the quality and functionality of the cellular mitochondrial content. G2 precursors presented functional mitochondrial (decreased NAD/NADH and FAD/FADH2) contrary to the G1 ones (Table). Failing TCA cycle, with increased NAD/NADH and FAD/FADH2 ratios and markedly increased ADP/ATP levels leads to FAs accumulation due to failure of effective adequate β oxidation. The uncontrolled increase in the NAD/NADH ratio stimulates upper glycolysis into a turbo mode further increasing the ADP/ATP, depleting cellular energy contents, engaging it to a never-ending deadly metabolism. The enormous abundance of upper glycolytic intermediates is relieved through phospholipid and ceramide synthesis, all found massively upregulated in both the MDS vs control yet also in the G1 vs G2 comparisons. FAs, mostly phospholipid and ceramide accumulation, interrupt the mitochondrial membrane lipidome further incapacitating metabolic integrity and inducing their autophagic degradation which further stimulates the Warburg effect. This type of metabolic reprogramming is eventually targeted to epigenetic modifier production, increased S-adenosyl-methionine, the major methyl group donor, 2-HydroxyGlutarate, a potent epigenetic modifier and notorious oncometabolite, Acetyl-Lysine, the major acetyl- group donor, even glutathione. We therefore present a model of an uncontrolled Warburg effect which in the G1 group confers premature death of the hematopoietic precursors, the ineffective hematopoiesis of MDS. Yet, under the pressure of the vastly upregulated epigenetic modifiers cellular fate changes, the G1 precursors adapt and transform to the G2 ones yet eventually to Acute Myeloid Leukemia blasts. Table Disclosures Vassilopoulos: Genesis pharma SA: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Research Funding; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
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Корякина, Владилина Владимировна y Елена Юрьевна Шиц. "Модель Колмогорова–Джонсона–Мела–Аврами в исследовании кинетики образования гидрата природного газа в обратных эмульсиях нефти". Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy = Condensed Matter and Interphases 22, n.º 3 (18 de septiembre de 2020): 327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2020.22/2963.
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В статье приведены результаты исследования процесса гидратирования водной фазы обратных эмульсий нефти природным газом с высоким содержанием метана (более 90 об.%). Целью работы являлось исследование кинетики кристаллизации эмульсий нефти при образовании в их среде гидратов природного газа с помощью метода дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии (ДСК).Объектами исследования являлись обратные эмульсии нефти, содержащие 20, 40, 60 и 80 мас.% воды. Для изучения кинетики гидратирования эмульсий нефти газом был использован метод ДСК в условиях квази-равновесного эксперимента.Показана применимость модели Колмогорова–Джонсона–Мела–Аврами (КДМА) при описании процесса кристаллизации обратных эмульсий нефти в условиях квази-изотермического ДСК-эксперимента. Определены кинетические показатели модели КДМА в эмульсиях для процессов превращения капель воды в лед, а также их гидратирования природным газом. Показано, что в системе «природный газ-нефть-вода» процесс льдообразованияхарактеризуется высокими значениями показателя Аврами (n > 3) и степени свободы (l = 3), а процесс образования гидрата природного газа – низким показателем Аврами (n < 3) и средними показателями степени свободы (l = 1–3).Показано, что в непрерывной водной фазе гидраты природного газа формируются путем мгновенногозародышеобразования в виде отдельных одномерных кристаллов, а в нефти – гидраты нуклеируют с постоянной скоростью и, в зависимости от содержания воды, растут в виде разрозненных кристаллитов, корки или сферолитов. Полученные результаты исследований позволяют углубить уровень знаний о кинетике и механизмах гидратирования эмульсий нефти, и могут быть использованы в качестве дополнения к научным основам создания новых технологийсовместной транспортировки нефти и гидратированного в ней природного газа.
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Possebon, Évelyn Paniz, Luciano Pivoto Specht, Hervé Di Benedetto, Silvio Lisboa Schuster y Deividi da Silva Pereira. "Rheological properties, 2S2P1D modelling and SHStS transformation of 12 Brazilian bitumens and mixtures". Road Materials and Pavement Design, 11 de diciembre de 2021, 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2021.2010589.
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