Tesis sobre el tema "Services de renseignements – 1900-1945"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 30 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Services de renseignements – 1900-1945".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Aron, Castaing Gaby. "Le contrôle général de la surveillance du territoire et la lutte contre l'espionnage et la trahison 1934-1942". Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOL034.
Texto completoRios-Bordes, Alexandre. "Les précurseurs sombres : l’émergence de l’« État secret » aux États-Unis (1911-1941)". Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0088.
Texto completoThis dissertation contends that a major change took place in the U. S. Federal government during a period supposed to be still and inert. It recounts three breaks intertwined to the point of making one, that is a reconfiguration of the relation between the Government and the People, or to put it more accurately: between the federal state apparatus and the population. It narrates the emergence of a portion of the state apparatus shielded from the imperative of publicity, occupied by bureaucratie organs thus freed from the usual constraints usually weighing on government actions, doing and contemplating the unthinkable and the unspeakable. Using a wide variety of congressional, judicial, and military archives, we retrace the building of a "secrecy System" based on the law, on regulations, procedures, and practices, and guaranteed by the possibility of punishment. We show how, behind this impenetrable veil of secrecy, the military intelligence services - the Military Intelligence Division (MID) and the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI) - started to operate structurally in the "grey zone" in order to keep their own civilian population under watch. And we explain that this accumulation of knowledge is conducted in the name - and according to - a new reasoning on the threats the population may represent. This is the silent emergence of an American "Secret State", that is: a portion of the apparatus defined by state secrecy, embodied by secret and radically autonomous bureaucracies, elaborating, formulating and operating an undisclosable rationality, what one may call a contemporary form of reason of state
Le, Page Jean-Marc. "Les services de renseignement français pendant la guerre d'Indochine (1946-1954)". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0011.
Texto completoAmong reasons whose explain the French defeat in Indochina, insufficiency of intelligence services has been put forward. We want to show that it was not case. When the French expeditionary corps landed in Saigon, in October of 1945, the new commander in chief had to rebuild the French military structure. It was particularly the case of intelligence services. Little by little, all range of the sources of information was put in place. If the security service was restored from 1946, it was only in 1949 that the air-force intelligence service became autonomous. The means were increased in 1951, during the command of the general of Lattre. His successor, the general Salan, followed a very technical orientation which caused a loss of effectiveness of the services. The general Navarre tried to redress this situation. He developed the human sources and attempted to instil an «intelligence mystic ». The intelligence services were operated and gave information to the different commander in chief, which allowed them to avoid a strategical surprise. The organs of the DRV’s counterespionage could not prevent it, in spite of a totalitarian coverage of the population. From the first years, the Indochina war became international. A productive exchange of information existed between France and his allies (GB, United States and Siam). We study the functioning of services in the daily, as well in the functioning of intelligence agent networks directed by the territorial intelligence officers, that in the relations between the different services
Albertelli, Sébastien. "Les services secrets de la France Libre : le Bureau central de renseignement et d'action (BCRA), 1940-1944". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0037.
Texto completoFrom 1940 to 1944, the Bureau Central de Renseignement et d’Action (BCRA) was the link between the Free French – in London and Algiers – and those who, in France, committed themselves in the resistance against the occupying forces. This service of a new type was created and managed by André Dewavrin (Passy). Throughout the war, an important and successful part of its activities has been to collaborate with the Intelligence Service to create intelligence networks. In 1941, it started to collaborate with the Special Operations Executive (SOE) in order to create a Secret Army under the orders of general de Gaulle as well as to conceive and to implement destruction plans so that the reaction of the enemy would be delayed when the allied landing happens. After June 1942, the BCRA was also in charge of implementing the political missions that the Commissariat National à l’Intérieur was working out. A service with so wide functions was subject to covetousness and criticisms. It was accused by de Gaulle’s enemies to be a powerful instrument that served the political ambitions of the Free French leader. It is a fact that de Gaulle has always been anxious to keep his control on the BCRA, consequently on action in France. This service served his will to assert French sovereignty towards the Allies and to assert the state authority towards the leaders of resistance organisations in France. Among de Gaulle’s followers, some accused the BCRA to turn into a law under itself. It is a fact that the activities of this service were so important for the success of de Gaulle’s political plans that its leaders could secure themselves an important position in the gaullist state
Couderc, Agathe. "Sous le sceau du secret : les coopérations internationales des Chiffres britannique et français, militaires et navals pendant la Première Guerre mondiale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUL060.pdf.
Texto completoAt the end of the 19th century, thanks to the evolution of telecommunications, military and naval circles rediscover cryptology, also known as “science of secret writing”, and become more and more interested by it. Its quick development in wartime can be depicted by the creation or expansion of several units, called “Cipher services”, in France and in the United Kingdom. These services have two missions: protecting the national and allied communications, and attacking the secret codes of the enemy. Their growth during the First World War illustrates the emergence of a brand new branch of intelligence and its reflection in counter-espionage: signals intelligence, or SIGINT. A comparison between the French and British Cipher services within their armed forces shows that there were similarities in the establishment of these services, particularly in recruiting personnel whom were subject to secrecy, although the temporalities of certain missions differed. Within the Entente Cordiale, a secret, joint and allied cooperation was established between the various French and British signals intelligence services. This alliance included the creation of shared codes, as well as the sharing of information resulting from the interception and decrypting of enemy communications. It thus highlights the importance of cryptology for the Franco-British alliance in the fight against the Central Empires, which can also be observed in their other alliances, such as the one with the Americans. It also sheds light on the extent to which this intelligence specialty took on in the conduct of the war, which explains the shape taken by the French and British Ciphers after the war
Kahn, Martin. "Measuring Stalin's strength during total war : U.S. and British intelligence on the economic and military potential of the Soviet Union during the Second World War, 1939-1945 /". Göteborg : Ekonomisk-historiska institutionen, Goteborgs universitet, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39917694w.
Texto completoColom, y. Canals Baptiste. "Le renseignement aérien en France (1945-1994)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040146.
Texto completoThrough the study of the Aerial Intelligence in France from 1945 to 1994, is to replace the use of this decision making tool on a long time scale to understand his perception among French policymakers. To analyze the evolution of Aerial Intelligence, we compared operational experiences with the doctrinal corpus and technological innovations of the collection system. We worked on tactical, strategic and political implications of our object of study to clarify the various aspects of his job perceptions. To better understand these evolutionary factors in the French context, we also introduced comparative points with the United States and Britain. It's also a way to perceive the influence of foreign factors on the using developments and perceptions of French aerial intelligence, but while specifying the French specificities. Between the collecting mission, defined as the reconnaissance and the entire Aerial Intelligence, the question arises is to know what is understood like the object to the perception of military or political decision maker. The Aerial Intelligence can it be understood in France as a separate intelligence service or just as a collection system at the service of decision-actor? The other question is how the various developments that have affected our object of study have influenced his using perceptions. Beyond these issues, the relationship between the image and the decision maker, specific to Aerial Intelligence, influences also its perspective of use?
Rossé, Christian. "Les échanges de l'ombre : passages des services de renseignements suisse et alliés à travers la frontière de l'Arc jurassien 1939-1945". Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BELF0010/document.
Texto completoThe Franco-Swiss border was well guarded during the French occupation, on the one side by the Germans, seconded by the French customs and on the other, by the Swiss. Border crossings were strictly controlled and the border was supposed to be water-tight. The French side of the border was doubled by a first zone accessible only by special authorisation, and a second forbidden zone 1 to 3 km wide stretching along the frontier. In the minds of the German occupying forces, this corridor along the border was supposed to be a no man’s land in which only the border guards patrolled.This ideal was a long way from being the achieved, since the corridor was the scene of intense clandestine activity. The key player was the ‘passeur’ who smuggled across the border and who was usually assisted by by-standers, residents on both sides of the border-zone who did not cross the border themselves, but who supplied the logistical support of safe houses, food etc… Thanks to this network of smugglers and by-standers, a heterogeneous mass of people, objects and even animals crossed the border in both directions – French and Polish POWs, Jewish refugees, Allied airmen, Swiss and Allied spies, French resistance fighters, post, and all sorts of merchandise…The Swiss Intelligence Service (SR) was tasked with supplying the commander-in-chief and the AHQ with the information which would allow them to lead the army. The collection of information was in theory the task of the outposts spread along the border as well as of the central stations. Amongst the various methods used to collect the raw information – such as the questioning of travellers and deserters, the study of reports issued by Swiss military attachés abroad and the exploitation of intelligence lines– the SR sent agents on missions beyond the Swiss borders.Part of the mechanism which allowed the SR to be well informed between 1940 and 1944, was its collaboration at all levels with the foreign secret services and the resistance networks. In fact a number of Allied organisations chose Switzerland as the hub of their intelligence networks. Information converged from all over Europe towards the embassies and consulates established in Switzerland, and these in turn transmitted it via radio emitters from their delegations, or via clandestine ones, to London, Moscow or Washington.Whether it was at the level of the head of the SR, or of the listening posts, Roger Masson’s men took advantage of this flow and set up relationships on a give and take basis with the foreign networks. In exchange for information affecting the security of the nation, they organized the border crossings of foreign agents and of documents coming from abroad, and allowed the international intelligence community agents to go about their business with almost total impunity on Swiss soil.The SR was perfectly integrated into the international ‘intelligence community’ established on Swiss soil during World War II. In the field, it ‘shared’ its agents and smugglers with the foreign networks
Catros, Simon. "Sans vouloir intervenir... : Les états-majors généraux français – Armée, Marine, Armée de l’Air et Colonies – dans la prise de décision en politique étrangère, 1935-1939". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040106.
Texto completoThis dissertation is a contribution to the rich historiography of France’s foreign policy in the 1930s. Its aim is to explore the specific role played by France’s general staffs in shaping foreign policy, drawing largely on sources that have recently come to light. Employing a combination of structural analysis and case studies, it focuses on a five-year period for the purpose of examining the role played by France’s general staffs in the decision-making process, both in routine affairs and in each succeeding diplomatic crisis, from the proclamation of Germany’s rearmament to the Wehrmacht’s offensive in Poland. The study begins by exploring the general staffs’organization, composition, and functioning, as well as their relations with the Foreign Affairs Ministry and the place they occupied in the decision-making process. An analysis of their perceptions of the diplomatic and strategic situation, and of domestic and international political developments, sheds light on the multiple, complex, and occasionally contradictory motives behind their interventions in foreign policy. Lastly, a study of the forms of intervention and a review of their results reveal the significance and, in some cases, the decisiveness of the general staffs’ role in shaping French diplomacy from Rome in January 1935 to Moscow in August 1939, by way of Stresa, London, and Munich
Colom, y. Canals Baptiste. "Le renseignement aérien en France (1945-1994)". Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040146.
Texto completoThrough the study of the Aerial Intelligence in France from 1945 to 1994, is to replace the use of this decision making tool on a long time scale to understand his perception among French policymakers. To analyze the evolution of Aerial Intelligence, we compared operational experiences with the doctrinal corpus and technological innovations of the collection system. We worked on tactical, strategic and political implications of our object of study to clarify the various aspects of his job perceptions. To better understand these evolutionary factors in the French context, we also introduced comparative points with the United States and Britain. It's also a way to perceive the influence of foreign factors on the using developments and perceptions of French aerial intelligence, but while specifying the French specificities. Between the collecting mission, defined as the reconnaissance and the entire Aerial Intelligence, the question arises is to know what is understood like the object to the perception of military or political decision maker. The Aerial Intelligence can it be understood in France as a separate intelligence service or just as a collection system at the service of decision-actor? The other question is how the various developments that have affected our object of study have influenced his using perceptions. Beyond these issues, the relationship between the image and the decision maker, specific to Aerial Intelligence, influences also its perspective of use?
Jarry, Maud. "La France, les Français et les armes de représailles allemandes V1-V2, 1943-1945". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0012.
Texto completoThe A4 / V2 rocket and the Fi 103 / V1 flying bomb were developed at the end of 1942, at the time when the Allies began defeating the Axis Powers and when the RAF began to bombard Germany cities. These raids fed a desire for revenge against England, which these weapons made possible. From 1943 to 1945, because of the choice of the target and the range of the rockets, France and the French found themselves caught in the middle of the battle that the Germans and the Allies fought over the implementing of the V weapons. The French helped each side. They helped the Germans, whether under constraint or as volunteers, economically, socially and militarily, to build their launch ramps and to produce their weapons. On the other hand, other French fought on the side of the Allies to make the German plan fail. The French Resistance, in the front lines, informed secret services based in London, including the BCRA, providing information concerning the sites and the description of the arms. The sites were then bombarded by the RAF, which was supported by the USAAF and the FAFL. Although these attacks slowed the use of the V weapons, they also destroyed the surrounding countryside. After the D-Day, the Germans succeeded in firing their rockets. The French bases were then even more intensively bombed until the allied troops captured them at the end of the summer. Their inspection, carried out sometimes with French interested by this new technology, as well as the discovery of the rockets themselves, provided the technical basis of modern rocket science, which in turn led to the exploration of outer space
Catros, Simon. "Sans vouloir intervenir... : Les états-majors généraux français – Armée, Marine, Armée de l’Air et Colonies – dans la prise de décision en politique étrangère, 1935-1939". Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040106/document.
Texto completoThis dissertation is a contribution to the rich historiography of France’s foreign policy in the 1930s. Its aim is to explore the specific role played by France’s general staffs in shaping foreign policy, drawing largely on sources that have recently come to light. Employing a combination of structural analysis and case studies, it focuses on a five-year period for the purpose of examining the role played by France’s general staffs in the decision-making process, both in routine affairs and in each succeeding diplomatic crisis, from the proclamation of Germany’s rearmament to the Wehrmacht’s offensive in Poland. The study begins by exploring the general staffs’organization, composition, and functioning, as well as their relations with the Foreign Affairs Ministry and the place they occupied in the decision-making process. An analysis of their perceptions of the diplomatic and strategic situation, and of domestic and international political developments, sheds light on the multiple, complex, and occasionally contradictory motives behind their interventions in foreign policy. Lastly, a study of the forms of intervention and a review of their results reveal the significance and, in some cases, the decisiveness of the general staffs’ role in shaping French diplomacy from Rome in January 1935 to Moscow in August 1939, by way of Stresa, London, and Munich
Ramos, Raphaël. "L'administration Truman et l'émergence d'une communauté du renseignement aux Etats-Unis (1945-1953)". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30060.
Texto completoIn the wake of World War II, the Truman Administration initiated several high-scale institutional reforms which included an overhaul of its intelligence capabilities. By establishing the CIA in 1947 and the NSA in 1952, President Harry S. Truman laid the foundations of an intelligence community that would grow throughout the Cold War and beyond. The institutionalization of intelligence, which involved many bureaucratic players, both civilian and military, faced numerous hurddles highlighting the inner workings of the U.S. state apparatus as well as American democratic traditions. Based on a large amount of recently declassified archival material, this dissertation aims to identify the players and dynamics involved in the reorganization carried out by the Truman Administration. It also seeks to assess their impact on the formation of an intelligence apparatus and on how it operated from 1945 to 1953. Firstly, this study illustrates how the intelligence overhaul was influenced by the unification of the armed forces which lead to the emergence of the national security concept in 1947. It then shows how the principles of coordination and collective decision-making implied by the National Security Act hampered the development of an integrated intelligence apparatus. Lastly, it explains how the deteriorating international situation, symbolized by the start of the Korean War in 1950, prompted an uneven streamlining of intelligence activities
Branche, Raphaëlle. "L'armée et la torture pendant la guerre d'Algérie : les soldats, leurs chefs et les violences illégales". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0037.
Texto completoRomon, François. "Les écoutes radioélectriques et les services techniques des Transmissions dans la Résistance française, 1940-1945 : le Groupement des contrôles radioélectriques (GCR), le Service des transmissions nationales (STN) et le « Groupe Romon » du Service de renseignements (SR) Alliance". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040034.
Texto completoA specific and hardly known way of resistance: the continuation of the fight against the german invader led within the technical services of Transmissions of French army, especially the Groupement des contrôles radioélectriques (GCR), the Radio control Group, immediatly after the armistice of June 1940 and carried on until the final victory. A resistance at the initiative of Transmission officers, which, at the heart of the institutions of the Etat français, French State, have secretly communicated military intelligence to the allied Forces. This latent resistance leads, after november 1942, up to an active resistance by the implementation of a clandestine network, the Service des transmissions nationales (STN), the National Transmissions Service, under the aegis of NAP-PTT, then to its integration, in october 1943, under the name « Groupe Romon », to the resistance network Alliance, as well as the commitment of numerous GCR transmitters in various other resistance networks.The case of a resistance from the inside which has effectively contributed to the final victory of the Allied, despite a systematic and ferocious repression from the occupant
Romon, François. "Les écoutes radioélectriques et les services techniques des Transmissions dans la Résistance française, 1940-1945 : le Groupement des contrôles radioélectriques (GCR), le Service des transmissions nationales (STN) et le « Groupe Romon » du Service de renseignements (SR) Alliance". Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040034.
Texto completoA specific and hardly known way of resistance: the continuation of the fight against the german invader led within the technical services of Transmissions of French army, especially the Groupement des contrôles radioélectriques (GCR), the Radio control Group, immediatly after the armistice of June 1940 and carried on until the final victory. A resistance at the initiative of Transmission officers, which, at the heart of the institutions of the Etat français, French State, have secretly communicated military intelligence to the allied Forces. This latent resistance leads, after november 1942, up to an active resistance by the implementation of a clandestine network, the Service des transmissions nationales (STN), the National Transmissions Service, under the aegis of NAP-PTT, then to its integration, in october 1943, under the name « Groupe Romon », to the resistance network Alliance, as well as the commitment of numerous GCR transmitters in various other resistance networks.The case of a resistance from the inside which has effectively contributed to the final victory of the Allied, despite a systematic and ferocious repression from the occupant
De, Witte Parra Mona. "La protection du renseignement britannique, américain et allemand pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale". Thesis, Reims, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REIML004.
Texto completoThis thesis investigates the protection of British intelligence sources during World War Two, and includes a comparison with American and German practices. In these three countries, intelligence officers adopted very different approaches to preserve these sources and to ensure that the latter could be used in the long term. Each country had a different perception of the balance between the immediate use of intelligence and the protection of its sources, between the short-term benefits and long-term preservation of these assets in the context of the war. Drawing on a vast amount of archival material, both civilian and military, this research presents these three countries’ various approaches and uses this analysis to reflect on their concrete achievements. This study interrogates the preconceived ideas about these countries’ intelligence practices, in particular the reputation of secrecy of the British agencies, as opposed to the lack of discretion of their American counterparts. Moreover, this thesis emphasises the particular situation of German secret services in a very divided country.The ambiguous cooperation between Britain and the United States during the Second World War helped pave the way for their « special relationship ». During the war, the balance of power between the two nations shifted dramatically, in the intelligence field as in many others. Moreover, the analysis of the exchanges between the British intelligence officers and their French and Soviet colleagues opens new research avenues in the study of their international relations and on these complex and fluctuating alliances
David, Michel. "Les maquis autochtones face au Viet-Minh 1950-1955". Montpellier 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON30019.
Texto completoNeviaski, Alexis. "Képi blanc, casque d’acier et chemise brune : une tentative subversive vue par les archives françaises". Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040060.
Texto completoThe litigations between Germany and the French Foreign Legion started before the 1st World War. Despite this, the end of the war changed the situation. For one part, the two nations were no longer equal to each other, as Germany had lost the war, and was suffering from important internal problems. On the other hand ‘the old Legion had died in the trenches in the North of France’. Because of this, the Legion, as an institution, needed to rebuild itself. Unfortunately to do this, and to renew itself, it needed war- hardened troupes, which could only be recruited from their old enemy, Austria and Germany. This paradox, not only was the start of a rivality between the nations, to assure the recruitment, or its refusal, but also led to a spy system being formed between the two countries. In its term this led to a communication’s system being formed around social evolutions and the life surrounding the Legion. For the French Foreign Legion, the period between the two World Wars, is a passage from one war to another, and has no peaceful moments. It is a period where it questioned itself, adapted to subversive political elements, and which it became part of the rivality between growing colonial and political differences
Mireval, Damien. "Armées, sécurité et rébellions : le rôle du renseignement et des actions spéciales dans les guerres du Tchad (1969-1990)". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30025.
Texto completoIn Chad, the triptych « armed forces, security and rebellion » is inextricably linked, so much it mixes armed players that dominated the scene since the independence in 1960. The interlacing of interests and fights also led to the involvement of external players, making Chad an enduring challenge for France, Libya, United-States and many others. Those countries, along with local players, participated to this historical sequence, 1969-1990, dominated by the apparition of the FROLINAT’ rebellion, that will finally seize power and generate a civil war followed by a liberation war of the Northern provinces. Thus France will commit itself in Chad in 1969, in its first real African war since the independence of Algeria, and by then will remain actress of Chad’s destiny whatever the political system is, from Tombalbaye to Hissène Habré’s reign. France will try to keep its autonomous situation awareness and collect intelligence on the Chadian rebel groups, the Jamariyya, or even its own allies, in order to provide to the political and military decision-makers some keys for understanding and acting. In this new type of warfare, unknown by the French population, intelligence and special actions manage to be fundamental weapons at the core of operational commitment, sensors evolutions, and interagency tensions between the SDECE/DGSE and the other intelligence services. Because France wants to keep its rank in Africa, especially in the Sahelian strip, challenged by the United-States, defying Libya and hampered by the Soviet Union; because it is deeply committed in the internal affairs of Chad, sometimes too deeply; and finally because its adversaries do compel it to an everlasting adaptation of its posture and military capabilities, France will make Chad its focal point in Africa, the laboratory of its future deployments, at the edge between legacy and legitimacy, between conventional and special actions, between raison d’Etat and diplomacy
Le, Voguer Gildas. "Secret et démocratie dans l'Amérique de l'après-guerre : le contrôle parlementaire de l'activité des services de renseignement, 1947-1987". Orléans, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1995ORLE1012.
Texto completoPorte, Rémy. "La Direction des Services Automobiles des armées et la motorisation des armées françaises (1914-1919) : vues au travers de l'action du commandant Doumenc". Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040007.
Texto completoDuring the First World War, a number of technical evolutions completely transform “the art of war”, and from 1915 on, with war becoming total, the situation requires the mobilisation of all available manpower and equipment of the belligerent parties. The automobile engine is in the centre of these military and technical changes. Captain (later Major) Doumenc is the only officer permanently in charge of the army’s motorisation and must be considered simultaneously the inspiring and initiating force and the most important personality in the process of this technical and intellectual revolution which gradually imposes on the army new rules of organisation and employ. Major Doumenc must be regarded as an untypical officer for tips time, uniting the qualities of an officer and an industrialist, of a tactician and an engineer. He manages to make available to the commanding General of the French and Allied armies the military, human and material means enabling them to respond to the German attacks and thus finally leading to the decisive counter-attack. For all these different reasons, his actions must, in the long run, be considered those of a pioneer
Lê-Germain, Élisabeth. "La politique sportive de la ville de Lyon au temps d'Édouard Herriot : 1905-1957". Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10214.
Texto completoBeauvalet, Franck. "L'enseignement primaire et les œuvres post et périscolaires dans le département de l'Eure sous la IIIe République". Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUEL005.
Texto completoBetween 1879 and 1889, the Republicans voted the landmark educational laws finalizing the movement in favour of instruction that had developed all throughout the century. Composed, among others, of the triptych free, compulsory, secular education, as well as the Goblet laws, these texts constituted the beginning of a new era. From then on, school progress meant a better life. In order to carry their project through to a successful conclusion, the Republicans benefited from the League of Education's support. Taking as an example Eure, this thesis aims to highlight how the primary order was built in this area under the Third Republic. After having given a review of the situation of primary education at the end of the Second Empire, we then focused on how the founding texts had been enforced and which consequences they had had on the elementary, nursery-school and post elementary networks. Next by studying themes such as the training at the Teacher Training College, the curriculum implemented, the certificate given after an examination at the end of an elementary course of studies, the relation between the teachers and their superiors or the structuring of the teaching profession, we depicted the reality of what being a teacher could be. Finally, we widened our study to further and extracurricular institutions, school celebrations, as well as to the societies of popular instruction and education in order to measure their roles and contributions. This reasoning enabled us to define the new primary order in Eure and to show its progress but also its limits
Pollack, Guillaume. "A travers les frontières : la résistance des réseaux (1940-1945)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H045.
Texto completoThis thesis is the first global study about French Resistance networks during the Second World War (1940-1945). We ask several questions. How did these organisations break out political borders built in Europe by the Nazis after their victory in France in May-June 1940 ? How did these networks construct communications beyond these borders (by air, earth and sea) with the Allied secret services in only four years ? Finally, through the study of fighting experience, the role distribution in these networks and the question of repression, we also wonder : how did the clandestine war disrupt gender relations between men and women fighting against the Nazis ?
O'Keefe, David R. "Bitter harvest, a case study of Allied operational intelligence for Operation Spring Normandy, July 25, 1944". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ26354.pdf.
Texto completoCazauran, Jean Marie. "Trajectoires des acteurs et des structures dans l'organisation d'un système de santé en Dordogne de 1803 à 1939". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30007.
Texto completoConsidering the important place of health in our contemporary society, this work will focus on the study of the transition from an « Ancien Régime » health system to the current system, in a rural department such as the Dordogne. In 1803, the first laws were created to establish medical and pharmaceutical monopolies to lead, in 1939, to the main elements of our current system. The evolution of the system is a consequence of the meeting of the demands for health and well-being of ever-widening populations and the provision of health care by individuals becoming more professional. In the 19th century (Part I), medical doctors eliminated competition (health officers, quacks and other health care providers) and found their real place in society (epidemics, hygiene, social life). Pharmacists moved from manufacturing and selling simple products to the selling of increasingly industrial medecine and other parapharmacy products. Midwives and congregational sisters were either assistants or rivals. The demand for healthcare came from more and more different social groups and for more and more varied illnesses. The needy were taken care of by charitable offices, beggars’homes and hospital-hospices which were in growing numbers, expanding their clientele outside of indigence. In the 20th centuty (Part II) the system oscillated between liberalism defended by health providers (trade unionism) and statism to improve the health of increasingly large populations. The medical specialization appeared and the pharmacists, comforted by their monopole, became a part of a capitalist system. The State’s social mission was carried out through the organization of public health by geographical departement, through the opening of dispensaries and through the passing of laws (free medical aid, assistance to the elderly, infirm and disabled, industrial accidents, workers’ and peasant farmers’ pensions, etc.). Charitable offices seemed inadequate. The specialization of hospital structures took place, hospitals received patients and the fight against scourges (tuberculosis, syphilis) mobilised the authorities and carers. Advances in surgery made it possible to open private surgical clincs in the cities. The financing of the system (Part III) involved three modes : private charity and its corollary public assistance, foresight with the Mutual Aid Societies and solidarity in the form of Social Insurance. Until now, no system has supplanted the others and the coexistence of the three is one of the characteristics of the French Health System
Nouat, Romaric. "Soigner la Grande Guerre : Le Service de Santé aux Armées dans la 9e région militaire durant la Première Guerre mondiale". Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR2002/document.
Texto completoDuring the World War I, health care and supervision of soldiers are essential for the continuation of the war. Indeed, the French Army has millions of seek and wounded people during the battles and 1,400,000 dead people. The study of the hospital’s organization in the 9th French Military District shows an unknown history: those of soldier’s care in areas far from the battlefront. This study demonstrates the adaptation of this hospital’s organization to the evolution of the conflict and the care. It shows the function of each person who participates in these care: Red Cross “Croix Rouge”, Army Health Service, inhabitants, and civilian authorities. This study is showing which care are given to seek and wounded soldiers in this area and who are the medical practitioners who are giving the care. During the World War I, the 9th French Military District steadily becomes a secondary area in the chirurgical emergencies, but an important area for the soldier’s medical supervision
Durand, Mathieu. "L'« observateur » officieux : John Franklin Carter et son réseau du renseignement au service du président Roosevelt de 1941 à 1945". Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2738/1/M11317.pdf.
Texto completoBarsalou, Mathieu. "La coordination de la politique canadienne de renseignement dans le cadre de relations de coopération institutionnalisées". Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1367/1/M10330.pdf.
Texto completo