Tesis sobre el tema "Séparations de biens"
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Lipinski, Pascal. "La liquidation dans le régime de la séparation de biens". Paris 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA020004.
Texto completoBoussougou-Bou-Mbine, Farafina Loangou. "La pénétration des idées communautaires dans les régimes séparatistes". Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR30010.
Texto completoSeparatist marriage settelements - that is to say separate ownership of property and participation on property acquired after marriage - are defined by the absence of common property of the spouses, the exclusive practice of powers by each of the spouses on his or her property, and the mutual absence of enrichment of the spouse. This theorical description does not correspond to reality. This assertion is founded on community marriage practice of the spouses. It is also based on the observation of a recent legislative phenomenon which finds an extension in the judicial precedent: it is about the will of bringing together separatist and community settlements. This act of bringing together presents itself in a triple side. First: that of the existence of common assets and liabilities. Second, that of interferences in the management of the spouse property, and finally that of participation to enrichment of the aforementioned spouse. The aim of this study is to bring out the whole various mechanisms of this act of bringing together
Monget, Quentin. "Les mutations du statut patrimonial des couples". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ASSA0003.
Texto completoMany French couples today move from cohabitation to civil partnership, then from civil partnership to marriage, which are the three forms of conjugality offered by contemporary law. Each has its own specific property status (providing for the division of assets and debts, establishing social and tax effects, etc.). But these statuses are in a state of flux,with countless legal and case law changes being made. What are these changes ? How far should they continue ? That is the purpose of this study. It sets itself apart by putting into perspective the idea that a common law governing couples will emerge : it notes that, even if a phenomenon of convergence is at work, other developments are tending to increase certain differences between conjugal relationships. It then shows that positive law is structured on the model of a gradation. The more a couple chooses a stable and committed conjugal relationship, the more their property status becomes exorbitant, communal and protective. Lovers are thus encouraged to embark on a path marked out by predetermined stages (romantic relationship, moving in, civil partnership, marriage) that can be called iter copulae ; thismodel is in line not only with positive law, but also with modern sociological reality. The study summarises current developments. It suggests deepening them where they are incomplete, tempering them where they are excessive, and enshrining them where they are praetorian. The study is interspersed with proposals for reform, all designed to put positive law on a sustainable footing, since it is more in tune with modern aspirations
Bui, Minh Hong. "Les régimes matrimoniaux, étude de droit comparé français et vietnamien". Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1G029.
Texto completoMatrimonial regime, under French law and Vietnamese law, is a very important part of the family law. It regulates the financial reports of spouses and protects the legitimate interests of each member of the family as well as the third party members. Both French and Vietnamese laws adopt community property as matrimonial law. This similarity between the two systems of law reflects a cultural analogy between the two countries. However, many differences can also be found between them. Vietnamese law maintains the legal regime as the only matrimonial regime applicable to all married couples. In contrast, French law establishes the diversity of matrimonial regimes. On the one hand, it establishes the principle of freedom of the marriage contract between the spouses that allows them to maintain a private property, the legal regime applies only to spouses who do not have marriage contract. On the other hand, it establishes the basic regime regulating primary conditions for the household maintenance and the education of children for which the rules are applied to all spouses, regardless of their matrimonial regime. The study and comparison of matrimonial regime under French and Vietnamese law shows the similarities and differences between the two systems, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of each of them. More importantly, this study establishes fundamental proposals for law reform in Vietnam in the direction of recognizing of the diversity of matrimonial regimes
Lebel-Cliqueteux, Aurélie. "Le consentement des époux à la séparation : l'officialité de Cambrai à la croisée des influences (XIVe-XVIIIe siècles)". Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL20002.
Texto completoCanon law organized the legal separation settlement, which was considered as a sanction. It was the monopoly of ecclesiatic courts in the Middle Ages, who succeded in States. In the meridional part of the Low-Countries, the officiality of Cambrai progressively allowed husband and wife obtain " divortium quoad thorum " by consent and for temperament incompatibility. Secular courts, while they seized upon the issue, had a completely different practice of it, restricting the rigth to obtain legal separation to the most serious situtions, making husband and wife consent ineffective. At the end of the Ancien Régime, the officiality of Cambrai, then under french soverignty, progressively adopted this kind of legal practice, doing away an ancient tradition inheritated from the Romans and that the french Revolution will reintroduce
Makki, Ahmad. "Étude de modèles en séparation de phase tenant compte d'effets d'anisotropie". Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2288/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is situated in the context of the theoretical and numerical analysis of models in phase separation which take into account the anisotropic effects. This is relevant, for example, for the development of crystals in their liquid matrix for which the effects of anisotropy are very strong. We study the existence, uniqueness and the regularity of the solution of Cahn-Hilliard and Alen-Cahn equations and the asymptotic behavior in terms of the existence of a global attractor with finite fractal dimension. The first part of the thesis concerns some models in phase separation which, in particular, describe the formation of dendritic patterns. We start by study- ing the anisotropic Cahn-Hilliard and Allen-Cahn equations in one space dimension both associated with Neumann boundary conditions and a regular nonlinearity. In particular, these two models contain an additional term called Willmore regularization. Furthermore, we study these two models with Periodic (respectively, Dirichlet) boundary conditions for the Cahn-Hilliard (respectively, Allen-Cahn) equation but in higher space dimensions. Finally, we study the dynamics of the viscous Cahn-Hilliard and Allen-Cahn equations with Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions respectively and a regular nonlinearity in the presence of the Willmore regularization term and we also give some numerical simulations which show the effects of the viscosity term on the anisotropic and isotropic Cahn-Hilliard equations. In the last chapter, we study the long time behavior, in terms of finite dimensional attractors, of a class of doubly nonlinear Allen-Cahn equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions and singular potentials
Deiller, Nicolas. "Le régime juridique des biens cultuels : vers une nouvelle approche du droit des cultes en France ?" Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCF007/document.
Texto completoCultual goods, and more generally the cults themselves, have undergone many changes in their legal system. To be interested in the legal regime of the cultual goods is necessarily to study the system of cults, as a whole. Starting from the management of the material goods of the different cults, we propose an analysis of the current law of religions. In 1905, the law on the separation of churches and the state was passed. An eminently political law, it aims to secularize public institutions and proposes a new material organization for the different cults present on the national territory. In order to replace the former public establishments of the cult concordats, cult associations, private, are set up: they are intended to represent the cult and to manage its material goods. The difficulty arose with the refusal of the Catholic Church to constitute such associations, forcing the legislator to accompany this law of separation by a body of law, premise of future state accommodations in this area. The law of 1905 was not applied in its entirety since its promulgation and the body of law it engendered resulted in a multitude of compromises to two cults in particular: the Catholic Church and Islam. Today, these two religions are hardly subject to the provisions of the 1905 law, from a material, organizational or financial point of view. The absence of unity of the law of cults in France (even within the law of 1905, in Alsace-Moselle and in the DOM-TOM) is not likely to answer the questions raised by the religious metamorphosis that occurs France. It may have been time to make this juridical regime of cults evolve again, adapting it more to the current religious context
Bernard, Sylvain. "Le droit patrimonial des couples et la liquidation des opérations non dénouées". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAD009.
Texto completoLiving together, which is an inherent feature of a couple, leads to the creation of common proprietary interests whose distribution is made even more complex by ongoing contracts at the moment of the couple’s union or dissolution, which the French doctrine refers to as "opérations non dénouées". These contracts are characterized by the fact that their effects are still running at the time of the formation or dissolution of the union; they may be only partially executed or not exectuted at all at the time of the couple’s union or dissolution.Indeed, property law struggles to comprehend some contracts whose outcome remains uncertain.And yet, the number of these contracts has significantly increased. They may be the technical basis of some fees paid to one of the spouses (through profit sharing or stock option), the result of his or her savings (life insurance policies or capitalization contracts) or that of the acquisition terms and conditions of property (an interest loan, an option, a preliminary sales agreement). The issue of a couple’s liquidation and distribution of assets has recently become a greater source of conflict and difficulty insofar as it occurs following a divorce or a separation.Faced with the legal and economic uncertainty pertaining to the "opérations non dénouées", one may then wonder how to deal with their distribution even though their results are precisely unknown.The diversity of these contracts, whose conclusion is somewhat complex and whose settlement is delayed makes it necessary to conduct a comprehensive study of the criteria that should be used to determine whether the assets belong to one of the spouses, or fall within the realm of undivided property, as well as of the issue of valuation. The purpose of this study is to suggest fair solutions for the distribution of these "opérations non dénouées". In other words, it aims at proposing solutions, which are more likely to ensure a fair distribution between the spouses. To achieve the goal of ensuring distributive justice, it is necessary to set appropriate criteria and to valuate as fairly as possible the economic advantages or the debts resulting from these "opérations non dénouées"
Agresti, Jean-Philippe. "Les régimes matrimoniaux en Provence à la fin de l'ancien régime : contribution à l'étude du droit et de la pratique notariale en pays de droit écrit". Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32026.
Texto completoBefore the enactment of the french Civil Code which instored a legal united property of marriage, there were in Provence marital agreements. No researches were made on it for the 18th century. Confronted archives show that Provence had a complete and unique system of rules which had the same function as other legal systems founded on inner customs. The provençal marital agreements form an efficient system based on a de facto separation of estates, copied on a triumphal roman model. The dotal agreement is favored by jurisconsults as the wright model. Jurisconsults and notaries use dowry system and separation of estates with talent and good sense. Provence shows a very common practise of marital agreement which corresponds to the rules applied by jurisconsults. There are very few examples of united property in marriage. Nevertheless, at this time, the marital agreement is no more a familial charter but is already centered on dotal apport
Masker, Davys. "Traitement juridique de la prodigalité sous l'Ancien Régime". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS117/document.
Texto completoIt is difficult to categorize the concept of Prodigality: between madness, weakness of mind or a simple trait of character. The legislator hesitates not only about the solution to be adopted but also about the need to intervene.The Romans were undoubtedly the first to define and codify the curatorship of the prodigals in the law of the XII Tables by implementing the legal inability of the prodigal.The society of the Ancien Régime is a fertile ground for the development of prodigality. Indeed, both the bourgeoisie and the nobles wish to protect their wealth from the voracity of an heir. The former legal inability due to prodigality is then exhumed alongside other devices, constituting a real arsenal available to families.The relatives are ruthless, sometimes using very easily the legal measures at their disposal against the one who endangers the durability of the family inheritance. With prodigality, often associated with other failings such as gambling, debauchery, drunkenness or idleness, modes of neutralization become privileged tools not only to put an end to excessive spending but also to control attitudes that disturb the social order on which Ancien Régime society is based. The extension of the legal inability to "madly" remarried widows to persons too far from their social condition (article 182 of the Blois Ordinance of 1579), regardless of any prodigality, is a perfect illustration of this.Despite the changes made to the legal inability during the Ancien Régime, this provision has critical flaws (cost and length of the procedure, humiliating nature, difficulty in providing proof of prodigality, uncertain outcome) which will lead families to turn away from it. Thus, the excesses of the prodigals are sometimes curbed by a separation of property between husband and wife, an unofficial disinheritance , a fideicommissum , a promise to keep the succession or a confinement.The excesses of families are denounced by the Enlightenment. Thus, the royal power supervises certain devices more strictly and the magistrates themselves are reluctant to pronounce prohibitions for simple prodigals. To compensate for this lack, they are even at the origin of an original provision: the judicial council.With the Revolution, the question arose whether to continue interfering with the prodigal's affairs. In any case, if there is a neutralisation measure, it must respect individual freedoms and the right to property.After fierce debates, the preparatory work reveals that, the prodigal will continue to benefit from legal protection by transposing into the civil code the jurisprudential creation of the judicial council.This study will examine the different legal techniques available but also the foundations that have innervated legislation, jurisdictional activity and doctrine
Peng, Shuiran. "Analyse mathématique et numérique de plusieurs problèmes non linéaires". Thesis, Poitiers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018POIT2306/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is devoted to the theoretical and numerical study of several nonlinear partial differential equations, which occur in the mathematical modeling of phase separation and micro-electromechanical system (MEMS). In the first part, we study higher-order phase separation models for which we obtain well-posedness and dissipativity results, together with the existence of global attractors and, in certain cases, numerical simulations. More precisely, we consider in this first part higher-order Allen-Cahn and Cahn-Hilliard equations with a regular potential and higher-order Allen-Cahn equation with a logarithmic potential. Moreover, we study higher-order anisotropic models and higher-order generalized Cahn-Hilliard equations, which have applications in biology, image processing, etc. We also consider the hyperbolic relaxation of higher-order anisotropic Cahn-Hilliard equations. In the second part, we develop semi-implicit and implicit semi-discrete, as well as fully discrete, schemes for solving the nonlinear partial differential equation, which describes both the elastic and electrostatic effects in an idealized MEMS capacitor. We analyze theoretically the stability of these schemes and the convergence under certain assumptions. Furthermore, several numerical simulations illustrate and support the theoretical results
ZINSOUGA, DEHOTO Léandre Sourou. "La contribution de l’Eglise catholique à la défense de la paix sous le pontificat de Jean Paul II". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30017.
Texto completoChurch and State have the same field of action in common: the national and international setting. Their mission is to promote the common wellbeing of mankind, to give meaning to life and to create the proper environment for the fulfillment of human safety. However, politicians have always had the tendency to relieve themselves from the religious point of view, and to turn their back on the transcendental source which the religions safe keep. In fact, this separation of the religious and of the political creates complex and conflicting situations. The re enchantment of religion in secular democracies is the signature of complex but necessary relationships between the religious and the political. Thus, the boundary between worldly and spiritual matters remains hard to define; alliances and misalliances of the religious and the political greatly influence the security and peace problematic. So what contributions can the religion, in this instance the catholic Church, bring to the security and peace problematic?John Paul II pontificate initiated a world scale project in favor of the defense of human rights and dignity. His several trips during which the religious and political dimensions echo each others, his numerous encyclical letters, his homilies, his allocutions in front of representatives of international instances and his bold and daring opinions are characteristic of John Paul II exception in a world longing for peace and security. With him, the catholicity of the Church expressed itself daily and unveiled the specific character of its mission to serve humanity as well as of salvation through Jesus-Christ. By claiming human rights for all, the pope stresses a category of rights altogether the most universal and the most vilified in political systems, in this case Marxism. John-Paul II is credited of all-out interventionist political actions and of extremely diverse presence. Far from inferring a disorganized scattering, his mind is unified and centered around man as the central and foremost value and as the focal point of all his attentions
Goicochea, Julio. "Trajectoire conjugale des parents et rendement et motivation scolaires d’une cohorte d’enfants québécois en 6e année du primaire". Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22477.
Texto completoZeynodini, Fateme. "The legal regime governing the economic situation of married women in Iran : a dialogical view from Quebec". Thèse, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23508.
Texto completoLa famille est l'unité de base de la société et est fondée sur des constructions sociales, juridiques, religieuses et économiques. En fonction des cultures et des sociétés et du traitement souvent différencié qu’ils appliquent aux hommes et aux femmes, le mariage peut détériorer la situation économique des femmes. La division du travail fondée sur le sexe au sein de la famille, qui pèse de manière disproportionnée sur les femmes, notamment en raison de leurs responsabilités en matière de garde d'enfants, entraîne une baisse substantielle du revenu des femmes et interrompt leur éducation et leur emploi. Cela rend difficile pour les femmes d'avoir une carrière pour elles-mêmes après une séparation ou un divorce. Par conséquent, il est généralement admis que les principes juridiques et les lois régissant la relation conjugale et les droits de propriété devraient être structurés de manière à protéger les intérêts économiques des femmes. Pour établir un cadre économique équitable entre les époux, la Convention sur l'élimination de toutes les formes de discrimination à l'égard des femmes (CEDAW) opte pour un régime égalitaire qui exige l'égalité des droits et des responsabilités pour les hommes et les femmes, pendant et après le mariage. Elle se prononce en faveur d'une communauté partielle de biens entre époux selon laquelle tous les avantages et inconvénients économiques résultant d'un mariage et de sa dissolution devraient être assumés également par les deux parties. Cependant, les régimes juridiques diffèrent en définissant le mode de contribution que chaque conjoint doit engager pour le ménage, l'entretien financier et le partage des biens après une séparation ou un divorce. Certains régimes juridiques, à la suite de la CEDAW, mettent l'accent sur l'égalité formelle et accordent des droits et des responsabilités similaires aux deux parties, tout en établissant une communauté partielle de biens. Un autre groupe de régimes juridiques établit la séparation des biens comme principe directeur des relations économiques conjugales, où les dépenses devraient être supportées par les hommes en tant que chefs de famille, tandis que les femmes devraient être indemnisées pour leurs contributions impayées au ménage. En tant que pays doté d'un système de droit civil fondé sur la charia et ayant une culture particulière, l'Iran a son propre régime matrimonial spécial et ne suit pas l'approche de la CEDAW concernant les droits et les responsabilités des femmes et des hommes. Le régime matrimonial Iranien se fonde sur l'approche de la charia à l'égard des hommes et des femmes et est ancré dans la culture Iranienne. Cela explique un système matrimonial légal différent des lois existant dans les pays occidentaux. Dans ce système, le mari et la femme ont des responsabilités économiques différentes. Cette thèse examine le régime matrimonial de l’Iran et le compare au régime matrimonial du Québec. Alors que le droit de la famille du Québec adopte une approche contributive pour les deux conjoints dans la vie conjugale, toutes les institutions économiques en vertu du droit de la famille Iranien sont conçues pour appliquer une approche compensatoire à l'égard de la relation économique des conjoints. L'approche compensatoire de la loi Iranienne concernant les aspects financiers de la vie conjugale cause certaines difficultés à l'épouse, qui sont exacerbées au moment de la fin du mariage. Une telle étude comparative espère apporter de nouvelles suggestions visant à corriger certaines lacunes du régime matrimonial Iranien actuel. Outre l’évaluation des problèmes liés au régime matrimonial de l’Iran, cette recherche cherche à proposer des solutions juridiques pour améliorer les droits économiques des femmes. Une approche holistique sera donc adoptée, ce qui nous amènera à prendre en considération certaines spécificités culturelles et religieuses devenues des droits obligatoires en Iran. Les propositions de réforme présentées dans cette thèse chercheront donc à répondre au contexte social actuel de l’Iran. Cette étude examinera la situation économique des femmes dans le mariage, la séparation, le divorce et le décès de leur conjoint. Il soutiendra que les spécificités culturelles de la société Iranienne et du droit Islamique doivent être examinées et évaluées. Il analysera également la situation économique des femmes dans les relations conjugales en Iran et au Québec. L’étude de ces deux juridictions de droit civil se concentrera sur le principe de l’égalité et examinera les arguments et les idéologies connexes concernant les droits et les responsabilités des femmes.
Soares, Cíntia Dalila. "Évolution dans des populations structurées en classes". Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22666.
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