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1

Soda, S., A. Hasegawa, M. Kuroda, A. Hanada, M. Yamashita y M. Ike. "Selenium recovery from kiln powder of cement manufacturing by chemical leaching and bioreduction". Water Science and Technology 72, n.º 8 (7 de julio de 2015): 1294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.339.

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A novel process by using chemical leaching followed by bacterial reductive precipitation was proposed for selenium recovery from kiln powder as a byproduct of cement manufacturing. The kiln powder at a slurry concentration of 10 w/v% with 0.25 M Na2CO3 at 28°C produced wastewater containing about 30 mg-Se/L selenium. The wastewater was diluted four-fold and adjusted to pH 8.0 as preconditioning for bioreduction. A bacterial strain Pseudomonas stutzeri NT-I, capable of reducing selenate and selenite into insoluble elemental selenium, could recover about 90% selenium from the preconditioned wastewater containing selenium of 5 mg-Se/L when supplemented with lactate or glycerol. The selenium concentrations in the treated wastewater were low around the regulated effluent concentration of 0.1 mg-Se/L in Japan.
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2

Mal, J., Y. V. Nancharaiah, E. D. van Hullebusch y P. N. L. Lens. "Effect of heavy metal co-contaminants on selenite bioreduction by anaerobic granular sludge". Bioresource Technology 206 (abril de 2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.064.

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3

Ruiz-Fresneda, Miguel Angel, Jaime Gomez-Bolivar, Josemaria Delgado-Martin, Maria del Mar Abad-Ortega, Isabel Guerra-Tschuschke y Mohamed Larbi Merroun. "The Bioreduction of Selenite under Anaerobic and Alkaline Conditions Analogous to Those Expected for a Deep Geological Repository System". Molecules 24, n.º 21 (27 de octubre de 2019): 3868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213868.

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The environmental conditions for the planned geological disposal of radioactive waste —including hyper-alkaline pH, radiation or anoxia—are expected to be extremely harsh for microbial activity. However, it is thought that microbial communities will develop in these repositories, and this would have implications for geodisposal integrity and the control of radionuclide migration through the surrounding environment. Nuclear waste contains radioactive isotopes of selenium (Se) such as 79Se, which has been identified as one of the main radionuclides in a geodisposal system. Here, we use the bacterial species Stenotrophomonas bentonitica, isolated from bentonites serving as an artificial barrier reference material in repositories, to study the reduction of selenite (SeIV) under simulated geodisposal conditions. This bacterium is able to reduce toxic SeIV anaerobically from a neutral to alkaline initial pH (up to pH 10), thereby producing elemental selenium (Se0) nanospheres and nanowires. A transformation process from amorphous Se (a-Se) nanospheres to trigonal Se (t-Se) nanowires, through the formation of monoclinic Se (m-Se) aggregates as an intermediate step, is proposed. The lesser solubility of Se0 and t-Se makes S. bentonitica a potential candidate to positively influence the security of a geodisposal system, most probably with lower efficiency rates than those obtained aerobically.
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4

Ahmed, Faheem, Sourabh Dwivedi, Nagih M. Shaalan, Shalendra Kumar, Nishat Arshi, Adil Alshoaibi y Fohad Mabood Husain. "Development of Selenium Nanoparticle Based Agriculture Sensor for Heavy Metal Toxicity Detection". Agriculture 10, n.º 12 (8 de diciembre de 2020): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10120610.

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The presence of heavy metals in increased concentrations in the environment has become a global environmental concern. This rapid increase in heavy metals in the environment is attributed to enhanced industrial and mining activities. Metal ions possess a lengthy half-life and property to bioaccumulate, are non-biodegradable and, thus, are a threat to the human health. A number of conventional spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques are being used for the detection of heavy metals, but these suffer from various limitations. Nano-based sensors have emerged as potential candidates for the sensitive and selective detection of heavy metals. Thus, the present study was focused on the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) by using selenite-reducing bacteria in the development of a heavy metal toxicity biosensor. During the biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles, supernatants of the overnight-grown culture were treated with Na2SeO32− and incubated for 24 h at 37 °C. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. XRD and TEM results confirmed the formation of SeNPs in sizes ranging from 35 to 40 nm, with face-centered cubic (FCC) structures. The bioreduction process and validation of the formation of SeNPs was further confirmed by FTIR studies. The reduction in the biosynthesis of SeNPs using bacterial metabolite due to heavy metal cytotoxicity was analyzed by the colorimetric bioassay (SE Assay). The inhibition of selenite reduction and loss of red color in the presence of heavy metals may serve as a biosensor for heavy metal toxicity analysis. Thus, this biosensor development is aimed at improving the sensitivity and specificity of analytic detection.
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5

Borah, Siddhartha Narayan, Lalit Goswami, Suparna Sen, Deepa Sachan, Hemen Sarma, Milka Montes, Jose R. Peralta-Videa, Kannan Pakshirajan y Mahesh Narayan. "Selenite bioreduction and biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles by Bacillus paramycoides SP3 isolated from coal mine overburden leachate". Environmental Pollution 285 (septiembre de 2021): 117519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117519.

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6

Wadgaonkar, Shrutika L., Joyabrata Mal, Yarlagadda V. Nancharaiah, Neeraj O. Maheshwari, Giovanni Esposito y Piet N. L. Lens. "Formation of Se(0), Te(0), and Se(0)–Te(0) nanostructures during simultaneous bioreduction of selenite and tellurite in a UASB reactor". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 102, n.º 6 (4 de febrero de 2018): 2899–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-8781-3.

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7

Chung, Jinwook, Robert Nerenberg y Bruce E. Rittmann. "Bioreduction of Selenate Using a Hydrogen-Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor". Environmental Science & Technology 40, n.º 5 (marzo de 2006): 1664–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es051251g.

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8

Van Ginkel, Steven W., Chen Zhou, Michael Lien y Bruce E. Rittmann. "Hydrogen-Based Nitrate and Selenate Bioreductions in Flue-Gas Desulfurization Brine". Journal of Environmental Engineering 137, n.º 1 (enero de 2011): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0000288.

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9

Eregowda, Tejaswini, Eldon R. Rene y Piet N. L. Lens. "Bioreduction of selenate in an anaerobic biotrickling filter using methanol as electron donor". Chemosphere 225 (junio de 2019): 406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.158.

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10

Ratnakomala, Shanti, Nurul Fitri Sari, Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi y Puspita Lisdiyanti. "Antimicrobial Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized by Actinomycetes Isolated from Lombok Island Soil Samples". Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia 20, n.º 1 (21 de agosto de 2018): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jkti.v20i1.374.

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AbstractA total of 98 actinomycetes were isolated from the soil and litter samples collected from the cacao and coffee plantation in Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. These isolates were screened for their antimicrobial activity. Among 98 isolated strains, only 24 isolates showed antimicrobial activity against test microorganisms of which 20.4% were active against Bacillus subtilis BTCC B-612, 14.3% against Staphylococcus aureus BTCC B-611, and 5.1% against Escherichia coli BTCC B-609. Out of these 24 isolates, 3 were found to be able to grow in medium containing 3 mM Selenium oxide of which the culture were changed color to red. Two of the best strains, L-155 and L-156, were selected for assessing production of Selenium nanoparticles. Bioreduction of selenium nanoparticles was confirmed by UV–visible spectrophotometer which showed peak between 300 and 320 nm. Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticle from isolate actinomycetes L-155 and L-156 were found to have a broad spectrum of activity against the tested microorganisms: Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, and Candida albicans. This study showed rapid and eco-friendly synthesis of selenium nanoparticles from soil actinomycetes. Most of these active isolates revealed to possess antibacterial property.
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11

Ogunleye, Gbemisola Elizabeth, Kubrat Abiola Oyinlola, Oluwadurotimi Akintade, Rachel Fashogbon y Temiloluwa Adesina. "Green synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial potential of Selenium Nanoparticles from Ocimum gratissimum". Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 10, sp2 (30 de diciembre de 2022): 2903–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v10isp2.2903-2912.5615.

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Ocimum gratissimum L. is a perennial herbaceous plant used in the treatment of fungal and bacterial infections. Green synthesis has provided cost effective, environment friendly procedure and raising safe strategies for the synthesis of nanoparticles. This study was aimed at investigating the potential of O. gratissimum for the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and their antimicrobial activities. Phytochemical screening on aqueous extract was carried out using standard procedures. Selenium nanoparticles was biosynthesized by O. gratissimum and characterized using Visual detection, UV-Visible spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope, Transmission Electron Microscope, Energy dispersive X-ray, Fourier Transform Infra-red spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity of the biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles by O. gratissimum was done using agar well diffusion method. Saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids and phenols were present. The biosynthesized SeNPs had a strong plasmon resonance band at 300 nm, changes in colour from dark brown to ruby red. The SeNPs were spherical and aggregated with varying shapes and size ranged from 20 – 50 nm. Strong signal of selenium element was observed. Hydroxyl, esters, aldehyde, alkane and amine are present and responsible for the efficient stabilization and bioreduction of Selenium nanoparticle. Furthermore, biosynthesized SeNPs by O. gratissimum (OGSeNPs) exhibited higher antimicrobial activity against both Gram ositive and Gram negative bacteria. Green synthesis of nanoparticles is a promising method in the biomedical field, due to its high bioactive components.
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12

Lai, Chun-Yu, Li-Lian Wen, Ling-Dong Shi, Kan-Kan Zhao, Yi-Qi Wang, Xiaoe Yang, Bruce E. Rittmann et al. "Selenate and Nitrate Bioreductions Using Methane as the Electron Donor in a Membrane Biofilm Reactor". Environmental Science & Technology 50, n.º 18 (septiembre de 2016): 10179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b02807.

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13

Chung, Jinwook, Hodon Ryu, Morteza Abbaszadegan y Bruce E. Rittmann. "Community structure and function in a H2-based membrane biofilm reactor capable of bioreduction of selenate and chromate". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 72, n.º 6 (4 de mayo de 2006): 1330–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-006-0439-x.

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14

Piacenza, Elena, Alessandro Presentato, Francesco Ferrante, Giuseppe Cavallaro, Rosa Alduina y Delia F. Chillura Martino. "Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: A Fine Characterization to Unveil Their Thermodynamic Stability". Nanomaterials 11, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 2021): 1195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051195.

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Among the plethora of available metal(loid) nanomaterials (NMs), those containing selenium are interesting from an applicative perspective, due to their high biocompatibility. Microorganisms capable of coping with toxic Se-oxyanions generate mostly Se nanoparticles (SeNPs), representing an ideal and green alternative over the chemogenic synthesis to obtain thermodynamically stable NMs. However, their structural characterization, in terms of biomolecules and interactions stabilizing the biogenic colloidal solution, is still a black hole that impairs the exploitation of biogenic SeNP full potential. Here, spherical and thermodynamically stable SeNPs were produced by a metal(loid) tolerant Micrococcus sp. Structural characterization obtained by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed that these SeNPs were surrounded by an organic material that contributed the most to their electrosteric stabilization, as indicated by Zeta (ζ) potential measurements. Proteins were strongly adsorbed on the SeNP surface, while lipids, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids more loosely interacted with SeNMs as highlighted by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and overall supported by multivariate statistical analysis. Nevertheless, all these contributors were fundamental to maintain SeNPs stable, as, upon washing, the NM-containing extract showed the arising of aggregated SeNPs alongside Se nanorods (SeNRs). Besides, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation unveiled how thiol-containing molecules appeared to play a role in SeO32− bioreduction, stress oxidative response, and SeNP stabilization.
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15

Wang, Yuting, Qing Ye, Yujun Sun, Yulu Jiang, Bo Meng, Jun Du, Jingjing Chen, Anna V. Tugarova, Alexander A. Kamnev y Shengwei Huang. "Selenite Reduction by Proteus sp. YS02: New Insights Revealed by Comparative Transcriptomics and Antibacterial Effectiveness of the Biogenic Se0 Nanoparticles". Frontiers in Microbiology 13 (10 de marzo de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.845321.

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Biotransformation of selenite by microorganisms is an effective detoxification (in cases of dissimilatory reduction, e.g., to Se0) and assimilation process (when Se is assimilated by cells). However, the current knowledge of the molecular mechanism of selenite reduction remains limited. In this study, a selenite-resistant bacterium was isolated and identified as Proteus sp. YS02. Strain YS02 reduced 93.2% of 5.0 mM selenite to selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) within 24 h, and the produced SeNPs were spherical and localized intracellularly or extracellularly, with an average dimension of 140 ± 43 nm. The morphology and composition of the isolated and purified SeNPs were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR spectroscopy indicated the presence of proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids on the surface of the isolated SeNPs. Furthermore, the SeNPs showed excellent antimicrobial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Comparative transcriptome analysis was performed to elucidate the selenite reduction mechanism and biosynthesis of SeNPs. It is revealed that 197 genes were significantly upregulated, and 276 genes were significantly downregulated under selenite treatment. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed that genes associated with ABC transporters, sulfur metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and pyruvate dehydrogenase were significantly enhanced, indicating selenite is reduced by sulfite reductase with PPP and pyruvate dehydrogenase supplying reducing equivalents and energy. This work suggests numerous genes are involved in the response to selenite stress, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms of selenite bioreduction with the formation of SeNPs.
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