Tesis sobre el tema "Scotland – Highlands"
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1
Jeter-Boldt, Michael. "The greatest improvement of any country economic development in Ullapool and the Highlands, 1786-1835 /". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4627.
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Thesis (M.A.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 24, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
2
Brochard, Thomas. "The "civilizing" of the far north of Scotland, 1560-1640". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=167946.
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This thesis explores the' civilizing' of the far north of Scotland - defined as the shires of Ross, Sutherland, and Caithness as well as the Outer Hebrides - between 1560 and 1640. 'Civilizing' was part of the broader concept of State formation and integration. The thesis begins with an examination of the context for the relationships between these outlying territories and communities and the institutional authorities in Edinburgh and London, which identifies the multipolarity of power in its location and sources and disentangles the dynamics of clan interaction. It unravels a 'civilizing' model which mixes top-down institutional pressures and discipline and bottom-up self-regulating forces by means of agency and intra- peripheral means and factors. The study then elaborates a typology of clan violence and qualifies the high level of violence traditionally ascribed to Gaeldom. The fourth section delineates legislative and executive measures to remove, control, or channel the excesses of clan violence and underlines the cooperation between the centre and the periphery. The next section analyses the relationships of the far-northern society with the Church. Through social discipline, the Church's 'civilizing' efforts complemented those of the State. A more complex and hybrid faith developed in the locality with an element of individual liberty and the hierarchization of priorities. The [mal chapter disentangles the cultural web of the far- northern image and identity of the so-called barbarians. Central institutions activated this template to justify their actions. The far northerners did so, mutatis mutandis, to adjust their business with the central authorities and to suit their local needs. Besides, cultural fragmentation shatters the view of the area as a monobloc. An active participation of the clan elite in cultural production and consumption uncovers their integration into the wider Scottish and British society and an engagement of a number of far northerners with 'civility'.
3
Baker, Andrew James. "Metamorphic studies in the Scottish Highlands". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0000df07-a390-4b43-af48-31f04ba628ec.
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Conditions of 8kb and 800°C are estimated for sillimanite K feldspar bearing metapelites and garnet-clinopyroxene bearing amnphibolites in Glen Muick. These conditions are inconsistent with the simultaneous nearby presence of equilibrium between andalusite and kyanite. Andalusite in the Glen Muick area is late. The sillimanite zone may have been in part primary. There is a transition without major structural break between Tay Nappe flat belt and the "Banff Nappe". A dataset has been derived for phases in the system KCMASHCO2. The MHSRK equation of Kerrick and Jacobs (1981) has been used to extract data from mixed devolatilisation equilibria. Heats of formation are in agreement with calorimetrically determined values. Phlogopite equilibria calculated using disordered phlogopite data seem most appropriate to natural metapelite assemblages. Variations in pressure and temperature have been constrained across the Dalradian using various calibrated reactions. Temperatures vary from about 500°C in the low kyanite zone to 800°C in the sillimanite-K feldspar zone and pressures vary from 4kb to 10kb. Pressure estimates are justified on the basis that they are consistent with the aluminosilicate phase diagram. Rocks from the Central Highlands to Glen Clova underwent a decrease in pressure during evolution through peak metamorphic conditions. Amphibolites from the southern Moines show evidence of a former eclogitic assemblage of early Grampian age or earlier. High temperature regional metamorphic rocks lie at high structural levels and are are suggested to be an allochthonous unit, the Banff Nappe of Grampian age. The western margin of the Banff Nappe is marked by a temperature maximum to the immediate east, sharp thermal transitions, a train of metabasites and a high strain zone. It is suggested that emplacement of a Banff Nappe resulted in the deformation and metamorphism of structurally lower rocks.
4
Bennett, Anthony Mark. "The development of snowmelt runoff models in the Scottish Highlands". Thesis, University of Stirling, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/12553.
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Detailed snow surveys were carried out in the Allt a Mharcaidh catchment on the western edge of the Cairngorm mountains during the winters of 1985/86,1986/87 and 1988/89. Snowpack data collected included depth, density, areal extent and water equivalent. From these data it was possible to determine seasonal patterns in snowpack behaviour and relate these to the initial snowpack water equivalent volume and timing of the snow accumulation and ablation. Using meteorological and flow data collected in the Mharcaidh by the Institute of Hydrology as part of the SWAP project simple linear regression relationships were determined. These indicated that the availability of detailed meteorological data did not improve the ability to simulate observed flow and that a successful regression could be established using simple and readily available data. Using this data temperature index models were developed and tested on the Mharcaidh. These showed that the mean daily temperature provided a better index of melt than more complex indices and that simple changes regarding the addition of a freezing level hindered the model performance despite being closer to reality than other assumptions made in the model. This suggested that the degree of complexity in the model has to be similar for all operations to obtain optimum results; having one particularly complex sub-model reduces the performance of the others. Two other types were tested on the Mharcaidh based on the layered structure developed by Martinec (1975) and Anderson's (1968) method using temperature and windspeed as an index to the energy changes at the snowpack boundary during rain-on--snow events. These again show that simple methods using readily available data can produce acceptable results and that increasing the complexity of the model does not produce a similar increase in performance. The three different models were then run on different datasets for different catchments and years. The dependence of Anderson's method on good quality data is highlighted suggesting that it is not as widely applicable as the other models. The level of performance for all models is related to the extent and depth of the snowpack indicating that further improvements may be necessary to the hydrological components of the model rather than the melt sub-model itself. The models were tested in simulated real time conditions on one dataset and, following this, guidelines for use in real time to predict snowmelt runoff are given.
5
Lukas, Sven. "Younger Dryas moraines in the NW Highlands of Scotland : genesis, significance and potential modern analogues". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/10993.
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The Younger Dryas was the last period during which glaciers shaped large parts of the Scottish landscape. Reconstructing the palaeoclimate and glacial processes that operated during this time is crucial for the understanding of past atmosphere-cryosphere interactions and predicting future climate change. This thesis presents results from geomorphological and geological mapping in the NW Highlands of Scotland that have resulted in the reconstruction of a Younger Dryas ice cap. Reconstruction of equilibrium-line altitudes and palaeo-precipitation values suggest that the Scottish west coast was wetter than at present. Detailed sedimentological analyses of "hummocky moraines" allow the modes of moraine formation to be reconstructed in great detail and existing models to be tested. "Hummocky moraines" largely represent terrestrial ice-contact fans consisting of supraglacial debris flows and intercalated glaciofluvial units indicating an ice-marginal mode of formation. Different stages of deformation in these fans indicate highly dynamic glaciers that oscillated during retreat, partly or completely overriding previously formed landforms during readvances. Clast shape analyses reveal that debris was mostly subglacially derived and transported. The evidence is incompatible with a morphological model according to which the moraines could be formed by englacial thrusting. Comparison with modem glacial landsystems indicates the following similarities with Scottish Younger Dryas glaciers. Low winter temperatures are similar to those on Svalbard, the marginal response of Younger Dryas glaciers to temperate environments and the modes of deposition to less responsive debris-covered glaciers. High precipitation along the Scottish west coast probably suppressed continuous permafrost development and caused high mass turnover and very dynamic, dominantly temperate Younger Dryas glaciers. Only a narrow zone around the margins appears to have been frozen to the ground, aiding elevation of basal debris and rapid deposition near the snout. The specific climatic and glaciological conditions during the Younger Dryas appear not to have a single modem analogue.
6
Austin, Jane B. "The aetiology and prevalence of childhood asthma". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312367.
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Asthma is the commonest chronic disorder of childhood. Although the subject of study for over 4,000 years, the aetiology remains elusive and understanding of the subject is beset with problems of definition and methodology. The prevalence throughout the world varies considerably but is generally higher in countries with a western lifestyle, and appears to be increasing. Of many factors postulated to explain this increase, atmospheric pollution has been one of the most widely cited. The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to describe the epidemiology of asthma in the adolescent population in the Highlands of Scotland, a remote, culturally distinct, mainly rural area that covers one third of Scotland. A cross sectional study was undertaken using a questionnaire, supported by objective data from baseline pulmonary function and exercise testing. The prevalence of parent reported asthma in 12 year old children in 1992 (n=1825) was 14%, current wheeze 19%, eczema 14%, and hay fever 19%. Exercise induced bronchospasm was evident in 9%. The highest prevalence of asthma (17%) and exercise induced bronchoconstriction (30%) was reported on the island of Skye. Having found the prevalence to be as high in the relatively unpolluted Highlands as in urban areas of the UK, possible explanations were sought. Studies were undertaken to explore risk factors including family history, associated atopy, place of birth, indoor environment including maternal smoking, diet (with emphasis on antioxidant and fish intake), and immunisation history (including tuberculin status). Although there were some interesting findings, no specific single environmental component was identified as a major factor in the aetiology of asthma. I hope this thesis will provide a baseline of information, which may be of value to others in the future for as Churchill stated "the longer you can look back, the further you can look forward".
7
Fenyô, Krisztina. "'Contempt, sympathy and romance' lowland perceptions of the Highlands and the clearances during the Famine years, 1845-1855 /". Connect to e-thesis, 1996. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/842/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 1996.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts, Department of History, University of Glasgow, 1996. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Burt, Rodney Michael. "The geology of Ben Nevis, South-west Highlands, Scotland". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9766.
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The Ben Nevis volcanic-plutonic Complex was intruded into garnet grade Precambrian metasediments in the Southwest Highlands of Scotland towards the end of the Caledonian Orogeny. A variety of techniques have been applied to the Ben Nevis Complex in order to model its volcanic and plutonic evolution; these include: field mapping, petrography, mineral chemistry, whole rock major and trace element geochemistry and a combined study of the isotopes of neodymium and strontium. Rocks of the volcanic pile are subdivided into the following formations; the Allt a' Mhuillin formation, the Coire na Ciste formation, the Ledge Route formation and the Summit formation, and these overlie a basement of Dalradian schist. Fine grained metasediments of the Allt a' Mhuillin formation were deposited in a lacustrine basin into which entered a series of non-volcanic mass flow units. Non-volcanic deposition was terminated with the entry of the first volcaniclastic lahars of the Coire na Ciste formation into the Ben Nevis basin. Block and ash flows, lava flows and sills are also found in this formation. The Ledge Route formation testifies to a complex period of quiescence, airfall deposition and mass flow movement after which localised flows of lava dominate the overlying Summit formation. A single felsite dyke is found intruding the volcanic pile and is correlated with early members of the Ben Nevis dyke swarm in the northern area of the Ben Nevis Complex. Plutonic rocks of the Ben Nevis Complex are subdivided into the Fine Quartz Diorite, Sgurr Finnisg-aig Quartz Diorite, Coarse Quartz Diorite, Porphyritic Outer Granite and Inner Granite; these were intruded to a high level in the crust. A dextral stress regime operated during the intrusion of the plutonic rocks. Each of the above units was intruded as a series of pulses. Mass balance and qualitative trace element vector modelling (Rayleigh crystallisation) is able to model the geochemical evolution of the Porphyritic Outer Granite using plagioclase, amphibole, biotite and magnetite as the fractionating assemblage. Pyroxene is found as a phenocryst and as a groundmass phase in the quartz diorites with calcic amphibole found mainly as a replacement mineral after pyroxene; however, trace element modelling identifies amphibole as a fractionating phase. Isotopic modelling of the Ben Nevis Complex indicates the involvement of at least three components; these being a mantle source, a lower crustal source with similar isotopic characteristics to the Islay-Colonsay-Basement and, of lesser importance, Dalradian metasediments. No single parental magma can explain the geochemical and isotopic variation of the Ben Nevis Complex.
9
Richards, Caspian. "Information Technology in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2002. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU150143.
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This thesis consists of an examination of the ways in which information technology is used by people living in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, focussing on the range of uses in two locations within the region, the island of Islay, and the village of Ullapool in the northwest Highlands. The methods used to gather information were primarily ethnographic, based on extended stays in these two locations, backed up by interviews with individuals elsewhere whose professional experiences bring them into contact with information technology users throughout the region. These methods were chosen with the aim of exploring the ways in which information technology figures within the context of existing business activities, and the interviews conducted with businesses and individuals on Islay and in Ullapool provide in-depth accounts of the ways in which people have developed their ideas, skills and practices related to information technology. Their views are set alongside those expressed in published work on the contribution of information technology to rural development, an exercise which highlights a number of radical contrasts between the ways in which academic researchers and policy-makers have thought about information technology, and the manner in which people using information technology in the Highlands and Islands have approached the subject. In particular, rural development policy at various levels of government has given a high priority to publicising the supposed benefits of information technology for rural businesses, a strategy which has resulted in the publication of a considerable amount of information aimed at those living in rural areas. Those living on Islay and in Ullapool, on the other hand, generally cited 'word of mouth' as their principal source of ideas about information technology, and took a critical stance to the way information technology was presented in government publications and the media, often terming it 'hype'.
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Payne, Jill. "Hydroelectricity and landscape protection in the Highlands of Scotland, 1919 - 1980". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/562.
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This thesis employs twentieth-century hydroelectric development ventures in the Highlands of Scotland as a means of exploring conflicting demands of socio-economic development and landscape protection in cherished places. In Scotland, twentieth-century landscape protection ideals were founded upon a landscape aesthetic shaped by the principles and objectives of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Romanticism. The concept that the ‘natural’ world somehow existed separately from the world of humans, as a potential refuge from a rapidly industrialising European society, meant that the Romantic landscape aesthetic left little or no room for the incorporation of visible elements of industrialisation. This aesthetic has seen only limited change over time. As a result, satisfactory compromises between land-use and landscape protection have seldom been reached: a situation thrown into sharp relief by efforts to develop Highland water systems for the generation of hydroelectric energy during the period 1919 to 1980. The debate over hydroelectric development in the Highlands is instructive for a number of reasons, not least its parallels with the current focus on the placement of wind turbines in significant landscapes. Thanks to the Romantic legacy, attempts to modify landscapes as valued as those of the Highlands are fraught with complexity, even when development is undertaken in the interests of socio-economic enhancement. The thesis outlines the progression of both sides of the argument, assesses the significance of the compromises attempted and evaluates the lessons learned from nearly six decades of policymaking initiatives in this sphere. Core aesthetic ideals broadened, but did not change. Landscape protection progressed on the basis of protectionists’ ability to adjust the focus of their opposition; increased articulation of the idea of the collective ownership of important landscapes superseded the need to confront the viability of entrenched aesthetic orthodoxies.
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Thomas, Ben. "Cultures of empire in the Scottish Highlands, c.1876-1902". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=227015.
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This thesis explores how the people of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland - a rural region of Britain - engaged with the British Empire in a period commonly referred to as the 'Age of High Imperialism'. It does so by exploring civil society activity in the area, and examines how different aspects of domestic life - religion, politics, culture, associational activity - shaped engagement with the Empire or imperial ideas. Scholarship on the place of the Empire back 'home' in Britain has recently stressed the patchwork nature of imperial engagement, with recognition given to the fact that both British society and the Empire itself were never monolithic entities. A 'Four Nations' approach to empire has been one of the most fruitful outcomes of this new focus, and this body of scholarship has explored how each of the four nations of Britain had different relationships with the Empire, and the impact this had on individual national identities. However, both this body of literature and the wider literature on 'imperial Britain' have remained overwhelmingly urban in focus, and have failed to explore whether the models for empire engagement they portray varied outside of Britain's main urban centres. By exploring the place of the Empire in a predominantly rural region, this study therefore breaks new ground, and in 'thinking regionally' about the place of the Empire in British society it provides a clear challenge to much of the conventional literature on the Empire's impact at home in Britain. In particular, by looking at the issue through a regional prism this thesis challenges both the 'Four Nations' and 'British World' models put forward by historians, by showing clearly that local contexts and local factors often mitigated the applicability of these wider ideas. In the former case, Highland contemporaries rarely celebrated the Scottish dimensions of empire, and instead placed to the fore both their local and regional contributions. In the latter case, many individuals rejected the very notion that a Greater Britain existed across the seas, and both class and language emerge clearly as factors separating the region's lower classes from full engagement with this wider idea. Throughout this study it will be shown that local factors were vital to shaping popular engagement with empire, and that often these factors precluded the spread of cultures of empire, or shaped perceptions of empire in highly negative ways.
12
Hinchliffe, Simon. "The structure and evolution of relict talus accumulations in the Scottish Highlands". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15206.
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The aim of this thesis is to establish the evolutionary history of relict talus accumulations in the Scottish Highlands through study of their distribution, morphology, structure and sedimentology, and through dating and pollen analysis of buried soil horizons. Analyses of talus morphology demonstrates that though the investigated slopes comprise a basal concavity and upper straight slope, features hitherto interpreted as characteristic of unmodified rockfall accumulations, there is considerable variability in upper slope gradient. Surface relief indicates widespread reworking by slope failure, gullying and debris flows. Sections through gully-side exposures exhibit up to 3.5 m of stacked debris flow deposits, wash layers and buried soils overlying rockfall deposits, indicating a complex history of sediment reworking. Sedimentological analyses indicate that 27-30% of the talus sediments at one site (Trottemish) comprise fine (< 2 mm) particles representing granular weathering of the rockwall and syndepositional accumulation of both fine and coarse debris. The volume of talus on Trottemish implies an average rockwall retreat rate of c. 0.3 mm yr-1 since deglaciation, of which 0.08-0.09 mm yr-1 reflects granular weathering rather than rockfall. Failure and reworking of talus is inferred to reflect reduced infiltration rates (and high porewater pressures during rainstorms) caused by progressive accumulation of fines. Radiocarbon dating of buried soils indicates that reworking commenced prior to c. 6 cal ka BP, and has been intermittently active during the Holocene. Pollen analyses and charcoal concentration counts provide no evidence for accelerated reworking as a result of anthropogenic interference with vegetation cover, but the timing of reworking events provides support for enhanced activity associated with climatic deterioration after c. 2.7-2.3 cal ka BP. The characteristics of the investigated slopes show that models that treat talus as a free-draining accumulation of rockfall debris have limited applicability, and an alternative model that incorporates progressive reworking by other processes is proposed.
13
Morét, Ulrike. "Gaelic history and culture in mediaeval and sixteenth-century Lowland Scottish historiography". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1993. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=124215.
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The subject of this study is attitudes towards Gaelic Scotland to be found in Lowland Scottish historiography of the late fourteenth to the late sixteenth century; the authors examined were John of Fordun, Andrew Wyntoun, Walter Bower, John Mair, Hector Boece, John Leslie and George Buchanan. In the first part of the thesis the historical works were examined with respect to the attitude of each individual author towards the Highlanders of his own time. It was found that the earlier authors - i.e. Fordun, Wyntoun, Bower and Mair - mirror anti-Highland feeling and prejudice that were widespread in their own Lowland surroundings. They further the image of the Highlander as a savage. The later authors, by contrast, look upon their Gaelic contemporaries from a humanistic, or rather, 'primitivistic', point of view: to them the Gaelic Scots with their simple way of life represent the virtuous and noble customs and traditions of the Scottish forefathers. The second part of the thesis was concerned with the historians' presentation of Gaelic kings and kingship. Special attention was paid to their understanding of the Gaelic succession law; here, a lack of comprehension could be noted among the authors, which led to a distorted presentation of the reigns and characters of a number of Gaelic kings of tenth- and eleventh-century Scotland. In this historical part, no substantial difference in presentation could be found between the earlier and the sixteenth-century authors, mainly because the latter did not carry out any historical research of their own. In the case of Fordun, Wyntoun, Bower and Mair, perceptions of Gaelic Scotland are rooted in the traditional negative attitudes of their own times and surroundings; this corresponds to a lack of understanding of aspects of the Gaelic element in Scottish history. The humanist historians, on the other hand, propose a view of Gaelic Scotland which is in opposition to the views of their own Lowland contemporaries, and which they do not back up in their presentations of Scottish history.
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Douglas, Sheila M. "The king o the black art : a study of the tales of a group of Perthshire travellers in their social context". Thesis, University of Stirling, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1801.
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The thesis consists of an introductory chapter, three chapters of family history and three of tale study, two appendices, the first containing sixteen stories in all known versions and the second seventy eight stories recorded by me, based on field recordings fran Alec, Belle and John Stewart and Willie MacPhee, 1978-84. The introductory chapter examines theories of the origins of Highland travellers and sets out the historical, psychological and aesthetic concerns of the tale study. The family history sets out the material recorded frcm informants. The first chapter deals with Belle's early life in Blairgowrie which is the geographic focus of the family's later history. The second traces the fortunes of the Stewarts in Perthshire and Ireland, showing how they adapted to altered circumstances when they returned to Scotland. The third chapter covers the period since the Second World War, during which Alec's family became well-known through the Folk Revival and their children began to integrate with the settled community and lose their oral culture. The historical tale study shows the links with Gaelic tradition to be found in the story collection. The psychological chapter reveals the functions the stories had in travellers' lives: teaching ancestral wisdom, strengthening kinship ties, reinforcing values, passing on skills for survival, containing fears. The aesthetic chapter looks at the structuring of stories and demonstrates the use of signal words and phrases to guide the listener's ear, as well as giving story tellers a means of recreative transmission. Styles and versions are compared and aesthetic principles deduced frcm the use of different kinds of language and imagery.
15
Mackillop, Andrew. "Military recruiting in the Scottish Highlands 1739-1815 the political, social and economic context /". Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 1995. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/680/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 1995.PH.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts, Department of History, University of Glasgow, 1995. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Mako, Calvin Andrew. "The thermal and metamorphic evolution of the Northern Highlands Terrane, Scotland". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90180.
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The Northern Highlands Terrane (NHT) in Scotland preserves a long record of metamorphism and convergent deformation related to several orogenic events that occurred from Neoproterozoic to Devonian time. Deconvolving the signatures of multiple tectonic events and determining the rates of metamorphism in settings like the NHT are important parts of better understanding the thermal and mechanical processes controlling convergent tectonics. I have used monazite-xenotime thermometry and geochronology, in conjunction with metamorphic petrology and additional accessory phase geochronology, to place constraints on the timing and rates of thermal metamorphism in a variety of structural settings throughout the NHT. Our data show that the ductile thrust nappes of northernmost Scotland preserve a record of Scandian (435-410 Ma) orogenesis. High grade metamorphism in the hinterland Naver nappe likely resulted from the widespread infiltration of granitic magmas at c. 425 Ma, which coincided with peak metamorphism. The timing of metamorphism in the hinterland Scandian thrust nappes is apparently younger than at least some deformation in the foreland Moine thrust zone, suggesting this orogenic wedge experienced large-scale out-of-sequence deformation and metamorphism. In contrast to the Scandian nappes, the Sgurr Beag nappe records primarily Precambrian metamorphism related to the Knoydartian orogeny (780-725 Ma). Additionally, monazite in the Sgurr Beag nappe preserves a record of widespread metasomatism and metamorphism at c. 600 Ma, possibly related to the break-up of Rodinia at that time.
A potentially important heat source in orogenic systems, like those preserved in Scotland, is the thermal energy dissipated during deformation, otherwise known as shear heating. It is important to consider to how shear heating may contribute to metamorphism during orogenesis. This is challenging because there are few, if any, methods of relating observations from typical orogenic systems to magnitudes of shear heating. We have developed a model that is adaptable to a wide range of parameters that can be measured from naturally deformed rocks and places first-order constraints on magnitudes of shear heating. While our models suggest that shear heating is not particularly important in the NHT, in lower initial temperature mylonite zones shear heating could be more significant.Doctor of Philosophy
The Northern Highlands Terrane (NHT) in Scotland preserves a long record of metamorphism and convergent deformation related to several orogenic events that occurred from Neoproterozoic to Devonian time. Understanding the record of each of these events and the rates at which metamorphic changes occurred is important for improving our understanding of the processes at work in continental collisions. The work presented in this thesis involves determining the temperatures recorded by metamorphic minerals and the ages of those minerals in order to reconstruct the temperature-time evolution of samples in a variety of positions within the NHT. Our data show that the collision and thermal metamorphism at 435-410 Ma is well preserved in northernmost Scotland. We argue that metamorphism in this area resulted from the widespread intrusion of hot magmas, which coincided in time with peak metamorphism. The timing of metamorphism in the core (hinterland) of this mountain belt is apparently younger than shallower deformation at the edges (foreland) of the mountain belt, suggesting active deformation and metamorphism retreated toward the hinterland during crustal shortening. In another part of the NHT, known as the Sgurr Beag nappe, a much older metamorphic event that occurred at 780-725 Ma is better preserved. In this area, the mineral monazite appears to record evidence of widespread fluid alteration at ~600 Ma, which has not previously been widely recognized in Scotland. A potentially important heat source in the Earth’s crust is shear heating associated with the thermal energy produced during deformation. It is important to consider what contribution shear heating may have made to the preserved metamorphic record in orogenic belts. This is challenging because there are few, if any, methods of relating observations from typical metamorphic rocks to estimated magnitudes of shear heating. We have developed a numerical model that is adaptable to a wide range of realistic natural scenarios and places first-order constraints on potential magnitudes of shear heating. While our models suggest that shear heating is not particularly important in the NHT, in some lower temperature fault zones shear heating could be more significant.
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MacLean, Douglas Grant. "Early medieval sculpture in the West Highlands and Islands of Scotland". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/18381.
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This thesis places the early medieval sculpture of the West Highlands and Islands, which has previously been studied primarily in relation to either Pictish or Irish sculpture, in its own cultural context. The region is separated from the rest of Scotland by the watershed of Druimalban (the "Spine of Britain") and formed a distinctive cultural area between the late sixth and the twelfth century. Four major categories of sculpture are discussed: Pictish symbol stones, cross-marked and cruciform stones, the sculptured stone crosses of the Iona School, and monuments carved after the devastating Viking attack on Iona in 806. A review of place-name, archaeological and historical evidence establishes the existence of a Pictish province west of Druimalban, which was lost to the Gaelic kingdom of Dal Riata at the end of the seventh century. Typological examination dates the western Pictish symbol stones to the period when control of the Pictish western province passed to Dal Riata. The lateness of the western symbol stones is used to argue for an emergence date of c. 600 for the symbol stone series east of Druimalban. The establishment of the kingdom of Dal Riata provides the background for the introduction of Christianity from Ireland. Cross-marked and cruciform stones are found throughout the region and illustrate the spread of Gaelic Christianity, beginning in the late sixth century. Simple incised crosses are seen to exemplify the "white martyrdom" of monastic and eremitic life. Iona's central role in the development of Gaelic monasticism provides the context for the Iona School of crosses, which is dated between the mid-eighth century and the beginning of the ninth. The iconography and decoration of the Iona School crosses reflect artistic contact with Pictland and Northumbria, but it is argued that they were carved by Gaelic sculptors influenced by native metalwork and iconographical sources brought from the Continent of Europe. Viking raids and settlement in the first half of the ninth century led to the removal of the centre of the Columban paruchia from Iona to Kells in Ireland, the unification of the Dalriadic and Pictish kingdoms and the transference of royal rule to the east of Druimalban. Sculpture carved west of Druimalban between the mid-ninth and the eleventh century was, for the most part, outside the mainstream of Gaelic art and represents fusions in varying combinations of Gaelic, Pictish and Scandinavian taste. The Scandinavian contribution was minimal and only one monument of inferior quality, which may be as late as the early twelfth century, was carved in one of the principal Viking styles. Sculpture carved in the West Highlands and Islands between the late sixth and the twelfth centuries provides a record in stone of an area in the process of developing cultural unity. The cohesion achieved by Dal Riata in the late seventh and eighth centuries was destroyed by the Vikings and a new synthesis was achieved by the kindred of Somerled, beginning in the mid-twelfth century. Artistically, the late medieval sculpture of the Lordship of the Isles is of provincial importance, but the West Highlands and Islands made a major contribution to the early medieval art of northern Britain and Ireland.
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Kennedy, Allan D. "The civic government of the Scottish Highlands during the Restoration, 1660-88". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3560.
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Recent developments in Scottish historiography have done much to resurrect the Restoration from the obscurity in which it had conventionally languished. Lacunae remain, however, and one of these surrounds the Highlands, which has often had to make do with broad generalisation. The present thesis aims to address this deficiency through exploration of two general themes. Firstly, it considers the place of the Highlands within the broader Scottish and British contexts. Focusing on the linkages between central government and the local elite, and on the extent to which the Highlands were socially and culturally distinct, it argues that historians’ continuing treatment of the Highlands as a self-contained entity is misguided. Instead, it is suggested that the region should be viewed as simply another locality within Britain, a locality which, while displaying a unique hybridised identity, was nevertheless heavily integrated with the rest of the country. Secondly, the thesis traces the development of government policy towards the Highland periphery. Recognising that policy was usually aimed at curbing the perceived problem of endemic animal theft, it uncovers opposing intellectual underpinnings – ‘direct’ and ‘indirect’ – to the government’s approach. It then considers in detail the various policy initiatives launched over the period, arguing that most of these were shaped by the interplay of the underlying strategic impulses. It also acknowledges the influence of wider developments in British politics. Ultimately, the thesis seeks to recast the prevailing understanding of the Highlands. Moving away from well-worn stereotypes of endemic lawlessness and violence, it also questions the notion of a fundamental cleavage between central and local elites. Instead, it argues that, during the reigns of Charles II and James VII, the prevailing pattern was one of partnership and mutual reinforcement.
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Lindsay, Nicholas Geoffrey. "Contrasts in Caledonian tectonics of the northern and central highlands of Scotland". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280695.
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Howard, Martin. "Dalradian basic magmatism and basin development in the Southern Highlands of Scotland". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10964.
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There are a number of geochemically, geographically and, in most cases, stratigraphically distinct magma types around the igneous centres of Tayvallich and Loch Awe which represent separate phases of magmatism. These have been characterised by trace element geochemistry. Relationships have been established between some of the magmas, however the full range of rocks in the area (from alkaline to tholeiitic) cannot be accounted for by melting or fractional crystallisation processes, implying more than one melt source for the igneous activity. Extension across the area produced a number of parallel basins, but movement along the Cruachan Lineament allowed rotational opening of the Loch Awe basin which became a major volcanic centre. During this period, the centre of igneous activity moved in successive stages from the Tayvallich Peninsula to the Loch Awe area, producing a series of magmas, ranging from alkaline to transitional and tholeiitic. The data confirm a general increase in melt fraction and a source which was being gradually modified. A similar series can be seen on Islay and Jura. There is a strong correlation between different magma types and individual basins and sub-basins, from which we conclude that the magmatism was controlled by basin formation and evolution. The igneous activity was therefore passive and was driven by the extensional tectonics prevailing at that time. The relationship between the Green Beds and the Loch Avich Volcanics has been re-assessed. The igneous component in the Green Beds is derived from erosion of Loch Awe lavas, and the younger Loch Avich Lavas represent a final, minor episode of igneous activity. Their anomalous geochemistry is due to contamination of the small volume melt prior to eruption.
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Crawford, Ross Mackenzie. "Warfare in the West Highlands and Isles of Scotland, c. 1544-1615". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2016. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7310/.
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Warfare has long been associated with Scottish Highlanders and Islanders, especially in the period known in Gaelic tradition as ‘Linn nan Creach’ (the ‘Age of Forays’), which followed the forfeiture of the Lordship of the Isles in 1493. The sixteenth century in general is remembered as a particularly tumultuous time within the West Highlands and Isles, characterised by armed conflict on a seemingly unprecedented scale. Relatively little research has been conducted into the nature of warfare however, a gap filled by this thesis through its focus on a series of interconnected themes and in-depth case studies spanning the period c. 1544-1615. It challenges the idea that the sixteenth century and early seventeenth century was a time of endless bloodshed, and explores the rationale behind the distinctive mode of warfare practised in the West Highlands and Isles. The first part of the thesis traces the overall ‘Process of War’. Chapter 1 focuses on the mentality of the social elite in the West Highlands and Isles and demonstrates that warfare was not their raison d'être, but was tied inextricably to chiefs’ prime responsibility of protecting their lands and tenants. Chapter 2 assesses the causation of warfare and reveals that a recurrent catalyst for armed conflict was the assertion of rights to land and inheritance. There were other important causes however, including clan expectation, honour culture, punitive government policies, and the use of proxy warfare by prominent magnates. Chapter 3 takes a fresh approach to the military capacity of the region through analysis of armies and soldiers, and the final thematic chapter tackles the conduct of warfare in the West Highlands and Isles, with analysis of the tactics and strategy of militarised personnel. The second part of this thesis comprises five case studies: the Clanranald, 1544-77; the Colquhouns of Luss and the Lennox, 1592-1603; the MacLeods of Harris and MacDonalds of Sleat, 1594-1601; the Camerons, 1569-1614; and the ‘Islay Rising’, 1614-15. This thesis adopts a unique approach by contextualising the political background of warfare in order to instil a deeper understanding of why early modern Gaelic Scots resorted to bloodshed. Overall, this period was defined by a sharp rise in military activity, followed by an even sharper decline, a trajectory that will be evidenced vividly in the final case study on the ‘Islay Rising’. Although warfare was widespread, it was not unrestrained or continuous, and the traditional image of a region riven by perpetual bloodshed has been greatly exaggerated.
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Macgregor, Lindsay. "The Norse settlement of Shetland and Faroe, c.800-c.1500: a comparative study". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2728.
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This thesis provides detailed studies of settlement on four Faroese islands and in four districts of Shetland in order to isolate and explain differences and similarities between the two island groups. These studies examine topography, place-names, relationships with previous settlements, church distribution, settlement expansion, inter-relationship of settlements and land assessments. The range of sources and methods are set out in the Introduction. The first Regional Study presents two districts of Western Norway, Fjaler and Gaular, which are discussed to illustrate some of the major trends of settlement in the homeland. Detailed studies are then made of settlements on the four Faroese islands of Fugloy, Streymoy, Sandoy and Suduroy and in the four Shetland districts of Fetlar, Delting, Walls and Sandness, and Tingwall. A section arranged thematically follows, bringing together results from the Regional Studies and referring more generally to the whole of Shetland and Faroe. This section examines three themes: firstly, the relationship between the Norse settlers and pre-Norse populations; secondly, the development of the Scattalds and bygdir; -and thirdly, naming patterns. Despite very great differences in the extent of settlement prior to the arrival of the Norse in Faroe and Shetland, primary settlement patterns are essentially similar. The Scattalds and bygdir represent comparable settlement districts and reflect similar agricultural requirements and responses to the landscape while primary settlement sites in both island groups generally feature good harbours and extensive cultivable land with topographical names descriptive of their coastal location. Secondary settlement expansion takes different forms in Faroe and Shetland, however, and this is reflected in nomenclature, in particular the absence of the habitative elements stadir, bolstadr and setr from Faroe. It is concluded that the absence or presence of habitative place-name elements is dependent on the nature of settlement expansion.
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Gourievidis, Laurence. "The image of the Highland Clearances, c. 1880-1990". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2898.
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The Highland Clearances have featured in many historical analyses over the past thirty years and have particularly attracted the attention of socio-economic historians interested in the study of agricultural changes, their causes and multi-faceted impact on the Highland region and society. Yet it seems that the increasingly refined knowledge that the period now enjoys has hardly percolated down to the popular interpretation given of the events. The present study concerns itself with the popular representations of the Highland Clearances which, to a large extent, are consensual and are revealing of the collective attitudes towards the period, especially in the crofting districts. The first part concentrates on the historiographical background of the period since the nineteenth century, so as to establish the fund of knowledge gradually accumulated on the times, the standpoints adopted by the various historical currents and the evolution in historical methods and perspective. To convey the collective perception on the Clearances, three areas are selected: twentieth-century Scottish fiction, political writings and the museum world. Through the individual analysis of each, the themes, elements and viewpoints which have been given priority, will emerge. The popular representation of the Clearances yields as much information on the way people see their past as on current attitudes and concerns since it is, more often than not, recycled to fit a particular reading. It is also, because of its consistency and its recurrence, a mark of the significance of the period in the collective memory and sense of identity of the inhabitants of the crofting districts.
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Jennings, Andrew. "An historical study of the Gael and Norse in western Scotland from c.795 to c.1000". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15749.
Texto completoResumen
This thesis is an interdisciplinary study with two major objectives, namely to investigate both the cultural and historical developments which took place between c.795 and c.1000 in the West Highlands and Islands of Scotland. Various types of evidence are examined in order to understand the impact of the Norse upon the preexisting population of Western Scotland and vice versa. In Chapter 1, the onomastic evidence is reviewed in order to isolate the total area of Norse settlement, and to find within it areas where this settlement developed in differing ways. In Chapter 2, I survey the archaeological evidence. Chapter 3 examines the linguistic situation pertaining in the west vis a vis Norse and Gaelic, while Chapter 4 reviews the evidence for the survival or otherwise of Christianity. Particular attention is paid to the investigation of the people called Gall-Gaidheil 'Foreign Gael'. Using onomastics and historical sources, the area of their ethnogenesis is isolated and their linguistic and religious affiliation explored. Chapter 5 examines the evidence for their later presence in Galloway. On the historical side, Chapter 6 investigates the Norse raids and settlement and provides a date for these events. Also in Chapter 6, and in Chapters 7 and 8, I focus upon the political links between the West Highlands and Islands and the kingdoms of Scotland and Dublin during the ninth and tenth centuries.
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Stephen, John Rothney. "Challenges posed by the geography of the Scottish Highlands to ecclesiastical endeavour over the centuries". Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 2004. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1084/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Glasgow, 2004.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of Glasgow, 2004. Includes bibliographical references (p. 269.288). Print version also available.
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O'Donnell, Patrick R. G. "Explorations of the policy drive to foster a research culture within the University of the Highlands and Islands". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3031.
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This study focuses on the University of the Highlands and Islands (UHI) modelled on a federal, collegiate university based on a number of existing and geographically dispersed Further Education (FE) colleges and research institutions. The inclusion of FE colleges and their geographical dispersal distinguishes it from most mainstream institutions. The UHI was heralded by its advocates as a distinctively radical enterprise designed to meet the fast-moving challenges of the twenty-first century by embracing new technologies and overcoming geographical barriers. After attaining Higher Education (HE) status in 2001, the policy goal of fostering a research culture emerged as a prominent concern for the UHI. This study explores the policy drive to foster such a research culture, focusing on the period from 2003 to 2008. The study was informed by a constructivist grounded theory methodological approach and the data gathering included twenty-six semi-structured interviews to ascertain how this policy drive was received within the UHI partners. The study found that a unified research culture was not perceived to have embedded throughout the partners, with the exception of one or two research institutions where it can be said to have pre-existed. Against this backdrop, the study identified emerging discourses encapsulating how the policy drive was perceived by a wide spectrum of different actors throughout the UHI. Two different types of performativity discourses proved to be central in shaping the policy aspiration, namely a ‘RAE performativity discourse’ and a ‘Further Education (FE) performativity discourse’. Both discourses can be seen to have influenced the trajectory of research expansionist policy within the UHI by setting up a normative space privileging certain identities, subjectivities and associated actions at the expense of others. In highlighting both the structural and socio-cultural barriers to the policy of promoting research, the study aims to contribute to wider debates on institutional policies for building research capacity in a dual sector/hybrid institutional setting. In terms of offering direct benefits to the UHI, by analysing the different sort of assumptions and realities that shape the meaning of a research culture within the UHI, this study may help inform future policy making on research expansion within UHI partners. The study concludes by making a number of practical recommendations which the author believes will help move research from the periphery to a more central stage within the UHI partners.
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Freeman, B. "Deformation mechanisms in the Dalradian metasediments of North Knapdale, Southwest Highlands of Scotland". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.353547.
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MacColl, Allan William. "The churches and the land question in the Highlands of Scotland 1843-1888". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619795.
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Alexander, Alastair W. "A high health status sheep industry for the Highlands and Islands of Scotland". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1992. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU045257.
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The study examined the economy of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland generally and that of its agricultural industry in particular. Enzootic Abortion of Ewes (EAE) was found to be the principal cause of ovine abortion in Scotland and the United Kingdom. In addition, the Highlands and Islands' area had certain advantages with respect to EAE that could be exploited. The literature review concluded that the production and marketing of high health status (HHS) breeding sheep offered development opportunities. An HHS breeding sheep research programme was designed and implemented. Firstly, surveys were carried out with producers in Caithness and in the Highlands and Islands as a whole. Secondly, the views of veterinary practices throughout Scotland were sought. Thirdly, the opinions of lowground breeding sheep farmers were surveyed in Grampian and the Borders of Scotland. It was found that a potential market existed for HHS breeding sheep accredited for EAE and vaccinated against the Clostridial Diseases and Pasteurella. The Highlands and Islands' area appeared to have advantages in this respect, especially that EAE lent itself to control by sheep health schemes and that the purchase of HHS replacements was believed to be the most reliable method of controlling EAE by the farmers, crofters and veterinary practices surveyed. The Highlands and Islands' Sheep Health Association (a co-operative) was found to be the market leader in this development area. A production and marketing strategy was proposed for HISHA containing guidelines for the prevention and control of EAE, identifying the productive capability of the Highlands and Islands and customer requirements for HHS breeding sheep. Objectives were proposed for HISHA to maintain and increase its membership, specifically to develop the market for HHS breeding sheep in collaboration with farmers, crofters and veterinary practices for the benefit of HHS sheep industry.
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Dymoke, Peter Lindsay. "Geochronological and petrological studies of the thermal evolution of the Dalradian, South West Scottish Highlands". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/13754.
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Lorimer, Hayden. "'Your wee bit hill and glen' : the cultural politics of the Scottish Highlands, c. 1918-1945". Thesis, Loughborough University, 1997. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6859.
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This thesis examines the struggles for moral, cultural and political control of the Scottish Highlands during the period, c.1918-1945. Using library and archival material it demonstrates how a range of contesting landscape narratives, each based on an amalgam of myth, ideal and reality, were constructed for a region holding a peculiarly intense significance in the Scottish and British consciousness. By dissecting four inter-related debates about where, and to whom, the Highlands belonged, the thesis considers several overarching themes; questions of nationhood, citizenship, tradition, modernity and the division of power in society are all addressed. Firstly, it examines the creation of a sophisticated landowning mythology to counter increasingly vociferous public opposition to the elite sporting industry. Secondly, it explores how this landowning hegemony was threatened by the rise of a populist outdoor movement, and asserts that only through steady institutionalisation and the discrete involvement of reactionary interests was the vibrant recreative community emasculated. Thirdly, it analyses conflicts over the conceptualisation of the Highlands as a location suitable for modern industry, infrastuctural improvement and economic development. Examples of proposed hydro-electric power schemes are used to frame key arguments of opposition and promotion. Fourthly, it investigates the campaign mounted to re-appropriate the Highland land resource as a means to inspire agrarian and cultural revival. The role of Scotland's nationalist literary community is determined as crucial to the creation of a sophisticated, if ultimately idealistic, ruralist mythology. Despite the emergence of these oppositional narratives the thesis contends that the persistence of a feudal, sporting tradition in the Highlands reflected both the immutability and ingenuity of the established landowning hegemony. Significantly, dominant cultural constructions of Highland landscape and identity originating during the inter-war period retain much of their power to the present day.
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Brazier, Vanessa. "Late Quaternary alluvial fans, debris cones and talus cones in the Grampian Highlands, Scotland". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2941.
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Alluvial fans, debris cones and rockfall talus cones are widespread in upland Britain, but remarkably little is known about their characteristics, development and significance. This research project has three main objectives: 1. to establish the morphological and surface sedimentary characteristics of alluvial fans, debris cones and talus cones in the Grampian Highlands of Scotland; 2. to identify the factors that have controlled their formation and distribution; and 3. to determine the timing, nature and rate of fan- and cone-forming processes. On the basis of previous literature, an Orioni model that describes a continuum of fan and cone morphological and surface sedimentary properties was devised. The applicability of this model was tested using data for six variables (long profile gradient, slope form, downslope changes in clast size, roundness and form, and a scale ratio of maximum clast size to total fan or cone length) obtained for fans and cones in the Grampian Highlands and the Lyngen Peninsula in Northern Norway. The results of these tests were then used to produce a modified model appropriate to fans and cones in upland Britain. Using a combination of map, field and aerial photograph data, several environmental and morphometric controls on the distribution and type of fan and cone development were investigated. The dimensions of different types of fan and cone are shown to be determined by basin morphometry, lithology and glacial history. Discriminant analysis identified basin gradient, basin width and basin height as the principal catchment properties that influence the dominant type of fan- or cone-forming process. Stratigraphic and radiocarbon evidence suggests that many debris cones are essentially paraglacial landforms that formed in the earlier part of the Flandrian. Many of these cones have subsequently been modified in the late Flandrian by fluvial processes, in some cases in response to anthropogenic interference. However, evidence from one site has also revealed that substantial debris cone aggradation has occurred since c 300 BP, implying high rates of denudation in the recent past at this site. The volumes of other debris cones imply that as much as 1-3m of surface lowering has occurred in gullies upslope since deglaciation. Much lower values of surface lowering are associated with alluvial fan development, suggesting that, locally at least, denudation by fluvial processes has been less significant than denudation resulting from debris flow.
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Whatley, Patricia E. "The development of medical services in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, 1843-1936". Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/6c03ad5b-4933-47e1-a89a-4e7431e66f3b.
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This thesis charts the development of medical services in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland from the establishment of the new Poor Law in 1843 to the inception and development of the Highlands and Islands Medical Service from 1913 to 1936. It begins with a brief survey of the topographical, social and economic conditions of the Highlands from 1845. It was within that context that the administrative structures that constituted Highland medical services were situated. They are traced in detail as is the interdependence which developed between local authorities, poor law administrative structures and, later, public health authorities, within the political context of the gradual extension of the authority of the state, enlightened medical thought, land reform and ‘new liberalism’. It is argued that those factors, together with the longer-standing perception of the Highlands as an area requiring special attention, culminated in the establishment of the Highlands and Islands Medical Service enquiry, known as the Dewar enquiry. Established in 1912 it investigated the level and adequacy of medical services in the region. It recommended the establishment of a central body to improve the provision of medical services for the majority of the population and it also highlighted a need for a greater number of fully-trained nurses. The Dewar enquiry’s methodology is documented and its findingsassessed and evaluated. The development of district nursing is examined in a separate chapter to avoid duplication and to facilitate its specific features to be highlighted. The recommendations of the Dewar enquiry resulted in the establishment in 1913 of the Highlands and Islands Medical Service, which provided the first State-funded medical care for the Highland non-pauper population and also aimed to improve the conditions of medical practitioners working there. It is widely described, uncritically, as a ‘forerunner of the National Health Service’. Existing secondary literature on it is generally superficial, largely uncritical and relies primarily on published annual reports. One of the aims of this study has been to use new primary sources to investigate in detail its structure, administration and policy development and to provide a more balanced analysis of its development and impact. This study challenges the veracity of the view that it was an unqualified success and demonstrates that while it was unique, innovative and did achieve improvements in many areas of medical and nursing service, by 1936, there were still accepted weaknesses in the provision of medical and nursing services. Furthermore, integral to the Servicewere many of the tenets of self-help and philanthropy; voluntary contributions from all individuals and bodies related to it were embedded into its policies and administration, closely monitored by the Treasury. Following Cameron and Hunter’s work on land reform this thesis makes a contribution to historical understanding of the development of public policy in the Highlands, within a medical context, during the second half of the nineteenth and early decades of the twentieth century. The period of study ends in 1936, the date of the Cathcart Report, which reviewed the state of Scottish health services. The principal achievement of this thesis is to present a fuller and more accurate understanding of the complexity of the nature and development of medical services in the Highlands, with particular emphasis placed on the Highlands and Islands Medical Service. Widely held perceptions of it have been moderated while its importance has been demonstrated, not as a forerunner of the National Health Service, but as a striking example of the modification of the Victorian self-help ethic within the context of a publicly-funded subsidised service for a particularly vulnerable section of society. A major conclusion is that many of the problems inherent in the Highlands and Islands, related to geography, isolation and weather, which were insurmountable in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, still exist today and present a greater indomitable force than any level of medical service can mitigate against.
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Reid, Elspeth. "Landscape evolution and holocene climate change in mountain areas of the northern Highlands, Scotland". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391465.
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Scholma-Mason, Owain David. "Ceramics and regionality in the Highlands and Northern Isles of Scotland, 2500-1800 BC". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29647.
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This thesis considers the nature of pottery and its wider roles in the Highlands and Northern Isles of Scotland from 2500-1800 BC. The period under study represents a key moment in British prehistory with the introduction of metallurgy and wide-ranging changes in society. Since the inception of early Bronze Age studies pottery has played an important role in examinations of identity and chronology. As identified by several scholars there has been a recurrent emphasis on a select number of interpretive themes and regions such as Wessex and Aberdeenshire. This has marginalised certain areas creating an imbalance in our understanding of the tempo and dynamics of change during the period. Recent reviews have begun to address this issue, highlighting the importance of regional studies to our overall understanding of change in the later 3rd millennium. At present, there is no synthesis of ceramic material from the Highlands and Northern Isles that considers the diverse array of pot types and the contexts in which they are found. In response, this thesis aims to characterise the range of ceramic types, their contexts and associations. Through the course of this thesis a series of detailed regional datasets and interpretations are constructed. This is coupled with a review of the longer-term ceramic sequence across the study area, situating the advent of novel pot types within the existing ceramic repertoire. Secondly, this thesis examines the dynamics of ceramic similarity and difference, and what this reveals about regional preferences and identities alongside broader intra and supra regional networks. Drawing on recent relational approaches this thesis explores how ceramic categories came into being, persisted and dissipated at a range of scales. These approaches highlight the fluid nature of change and the need to consider pots as elements of wider assemblages. Through this examination it is possible to detect distinct trends in regional ceramics, allowing for the construction of narratives that extend beyond defining visual similarities, contributing towards understanding the wider significance of similarity and difference.
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Stokoe, Christopher John Lawson. "Closing the circle Neil Gunn's creation of a 'meta-novel' of the highlands /". Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 2007. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/989/.
Texto completoResumen
Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2007.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Department of Scottish Literature, University of Glasgow, 2007. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Rydval, Miloš. "Dendroclimatic reconstruction of late Holocene summer temperatures in the Scottish Highlands". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/8418.
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This thesis focuses on reconstructing past temperatures using Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) tree-ring chronologies developed from Scotland. The research aims to fill a spatial and temporal gap in understanding northwest European climate dynamics, thus providing the context for assessing future climate changes in this region. Development of both a spatially complete reconstruction from an extensive network of 44 'living' Scottish tree-ring chronologies for the last few centuries, but also a near-millennium length chronology from central Scotland using mainly lake-derived 'subfossil' wood material was undertaken. Before reconstruction development, a combination of treegrowth modelling and disturbance removal methodologies was utilised in order to understand the drivers of pine growth in the Scottish Highlands, and to assess and remove anthropogenic disturbance and other non-climatic influences on growth. The advantages and limitations of utilising the relatively new 'Blue Intensity' (BI) parameter was also explored and assessed, particularly in relation to its possible utilization as a more affordable surrogate for maximum latewood density in the development of temperature reconstructions and for crossdating validation of undated samples. Although BI showed much promise for dendroclimatology, elimination of low frequency biases resulting from sample discolouration still requires further attention. Chronologies from the Cairngorms in central Scotland were identified as most suitable for reconstruction development, while reconstructions based on chronologies from other areas in the west were found to be weaker due to a range of factors including disturbance. In order to maximise reconstruction strength, BI and ring width (RW) data were combined to produce composite high-frequency BI / low-frequency RW chronologies. Although it was possible to develop an ~800 year reconstruction of temperature from central Scotland, there is substantial potential to further extend this reconstruction back in time.
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Curry, Lisa Ginette. "Catholicism and the Clan Macdonell of Glengarry : religion and politics in the Highlands of Scotland". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415005.
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Sutcliffe, John B. "Subnational actors and the European Union : the case of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269266.
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Payne, Jill Rowan. "Land-use and landscape : hydroelectricity and landscape protection in the Highlands of Scotland, 1919-1980 /". St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/562.
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Newby, Andrew Geoffrey. "Shoulder to shoulder? : Scottish and Irish land reformers in the Highlands of Scotland, 1878-1894". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23135.
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Matheson, Calum Lister. "Ruinous Pride: The Construction of the Scottish Military Identity, 1745-1918". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84245/.
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Following the failed Jacobite Rebellion of 1745-46 many Highlanders fought for
the British Army in the Seven Years War and American Revolutionary War. Although these soldiers were primarily motivated by economic considerations, their experiences were romanticized after Waterloo and helped to create a new, unified Scottish martial identity. This militaristic narrative, reinforced throughout the nineteenth century, explains why Scots fought and died in disproportionately large numbers during the First World War.
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Macleod, Marsaili. "The meaning of work in the Gaelic labour market in the Highlands and islands of Scotland". Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted access until June 5, 2010, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25897.
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Smith, John A. R. "From isolation to integration : the development of roads in the northern highlands of Scotland 1800-1850". Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=59732.
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Lister-Kaye, Amelia. "Discourses of ecological restoration : conceptual and practical aspects of woodland restoration in the Highlands of Scotland". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616215.
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Banks, Christopher James. "Neoproterozoic basin analysis : a combined sedimentological and provenance study in the Grampian Group, Central Highlands, Scotland". Thesis, Keele University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414754.
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MacKinnon, Daniel Finlayson. "Local governance and economic development : re-figuring state regulation in the Scottish Highlands". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/17575.
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This thesis examines the politics of local, governance in the Scottish Highlands, taking the Highlands and Islands Enterprise (HIE) network - made up of a central core and 10 Local Enterprise Companies (LECs) - as its institutional focus. It synthesises regulationist approaches and neo-Marxist state theory to explain LECs as part of a broader process of re-regulation under consecutive Conservative governments. LECs are unelected, business-led agencies operating at the local level. The political discourse through which LECs were established and promoted created expectations of local autonomy among business representatives that clashed with the centralising tendencies of Thatcherism. The thesis examines how the resultant tension between local initiative and central control has been worked out within the HIE network. It relies on data collected from seventy semi-structured interviews with representatives of HIE, LECs, local authorities, businesses and community groups. The initial chapters introduce the research and consider key methodological issues, set out the theoretical framework, and review the practices of the Highlands and Islands Development Board (HIDB, HIE's successor). The thesis then explores the key tension between local initiative and central control, explaining how it has been mediated and resolved through routine institutional practices. It also examines HIE-LECs relations with other key agencies, notably local authorities, through selected examples of multi-agency partnerships and assesses LECs' local accountability and representativeness. Finally, a concluding chapter sets out the main findings and considers their implications. While key managerial 'technologies' such as targeting, audit and financial controls allow central government to monitor and steer the HIE network, the thesis argues that the authoritative resources of the HIE core - grounded in the combination of local knowledge and technical expertise inherited from the HIDB - enables it to adapt key aspects of the operating regime to its own purposes. Local autonomy is limited by the relative centralisation of the Network, and LECs operate in a system of structured flexibility in which their scope to adapt policy to local conditions is constrained by state rules and procedures. In emphasising that local autonomy is limited by hierarchical mechanisms of control, the thesis argues that local governance in the Scottish Highlands continues to be underpinned by government. It also points to the limits of the regulation approach and neo-Marxist state theory as theoretical perspectives, suggesting that neo-Foucauldian writings on govemmentality are useful in providing stronger analytical purchase on the specific mechanisms and procedures through which state regulation is practised.
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Hilderbrandt, Scott Andrew. "The Highland soldier in Georgia and Florida a case study of Scottish Highlanders in British military service, 1739-1748 /". Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2010. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0003019.
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Davison, Richard William. "The measurement of the natural potential of sites in the eastern Highlands of Scotland for downhill skiing". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23839.
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Curtis, Sara Francis. "Fault movement history, related mineralisation and age dating of the Tyndrum fault, the Grampian highlands of Scotland". Thesis, University of Manchester, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582123.
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During the late Silurian to early Devonian, end-Caledonian sinistral transpression caused movement on a series of N to NE trending strike slip faults that transected the Dalradian terrain. One of this set of faults, the Tyndrum Fault, was active from the end of the Caledonian orogeny to after Permo-Carboniferous times. Detailed mapping of fault zone fractures and veins has revealed a long and complicated movement history involving both sinistral and dextral strike-slip fault movement. Reactivation involved both the formation of new structures and the utilisation of old structures The Tyndrum Fault hosts both economic lead-zinc and gold-silver-telluride mineralisation. The gold-silver mineralisation occurred in a sinistral strikeslip fault set adjacent to the Tyndrum Fault probably before 410Ma. The leadzinc mineralisation occurred at - 340 Ma in a dextral strike-slip movement and is hosted by the Tyndrum fault plane and in subparallel fractures. Many episodes of quartz mineralisation have also occurred. Individual mineralisation episodes show a cyclic character, with hydrothermal brecciation and cataclastic events. When distinctive mineralising fluids were pumped through the fault, individual groups of cycles may be recognised. Several cycles were responsible for the gold mineralisation. An initial hydrothermal brecciation deposited quartz and pyrite. Electrum was adsorbed onto this pyrite in a following cataclastic event, and several more cycles of hydrothermal brecciation and cataclasis occurred. The lead-zinc mineralisation occurred by a similar mechanism, and these cycles may be related to the earthquake process. Stable isotopic ratios from veins containing the gold mineralisation have been determined. 0180 values for quartz ranged from +10 to +15 %0. oD values from water in fluid inclusions ranged from -91 to -34%0. 034 S val ues ranged from +0.25 to +8%0 for pyrite. Later lead-zinc veins in the vicinity gave 034S values of +50/00 for galena. Fluid inclusion studies indicated the gold-bearing veins were formed from C02 -rich, low salinity, unmixed fluids. The 't values of. 290-350°C probably represent true trapping temperatures. The isotopic ratios of the mineralising fluid were calculated as between -1.0 to +6.80/00 fa r sulphur and for oxygen as between +3.6 to 6.8%0. Comparison with nearby .porphyry-style mineralisation suggests an original magmatic origin for the mineralising fluid but there may be an influence from a meteoric component. The sulphur isotopic ratios suggest a mainly country rock source, though a magmatic component is also apparent.