Literatura académica sobre el tema "School psychology ; Social psychology"

Pop psychology is a phenomenon that evokes extreme emotions. Myths that work to the detriment of the recipients get into the general consciousness. Of course, there are also valuable items that have the hallmarks of pop psychology. Therefore, the ability to think critically and search for reliable knowledge is important. Can students do it? They receive relatively little psychological education in schools, so if they want to learn something in this matter, they must use the knowledge available outside traditional education. In order to determine the psychological knowledge of adolescents, a CAWI quantitative study was conducted using the Qualtrics tool on a sample of 204 secondary school students. The main research problem is: What is the state of knowledge of secondary school students? Research questions: How much psychological knowledge do secondary school students have? From which source(s) do students mainly obtain psychological knowledge? Do secondary school students agree with the statement that psychological knowledge is useful in their lives? The study shows that students’ knowledge is at a relatively good level (the average value of the indicator on a scale of 1–3 was 1.94). The most frequently chosen terms to define are: phobia, anorexia, depression, narcissism, empathy. In turn, the concepts with the highest declared level of knowledge are: depression, manipulation, phobia, positive thinking, sexual orientation. The vast majority of students (91%) see the usefulness of psychological knowledge in their lives. They obtain it mainly from the Internet (71% from websites, 69% from social media), and much less often from school (29%). The school has the opportunity to equip students with reliable psychological knowledge during one of the most important (from the point of view of human development) periods in lives. Therefore, it is worth taking systemic actions that will enable students to navigate the world efficiently and understand themselves as best as possible.

Use of social media has a significant influence on the behaviors of teenagers. Although nations around the world are aware of what occurs on websites like Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, and others, there has been evidence of cyberbullying on these platforms. This study was conducted among the teenagers attending secondary schools in Nairobi County, Kenya, to investigate the coping strategies used by adolescents in dealing with the effects of cyberbullying. The research used Ex –Post- Facto design. All of the adolescents in selected secondary schools between the ages of 13 and 18 made up the study population. The study used stratified random sampling techniques to select the sample of 318 adolescents. the study also used purposive sampling to select 5 School Principals and 5 Teacher-Counselors. Data was collected using a modified Cyberbullying Coping Questionnaire. Interview schedules were used to gather information from the Teacher-Counselors and School Principals on the quality of cyberbullying coping strategies. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and presented using frequency tables and percentages. The results revealed that the coping mechanisms for cyberbullying involved team efforts from parents, teachers, and students. The study found that 58(18.2%) and 81(25.5%) would seek professional advice or report the matter to their parents, teachers or school principals. Additionally, the study found that there was age difference with those who blocked, deleted or informed the bully to stop his bullying behaviors. The study recommends that School Principals and parents should create a safe and healthy environment in both home and school. Further, the study recommends that schools to put in place surveillance strategies to support students who experience cyberbullying and to develop programmes to enhance psychological adjustment.

More than 300 public high schools were surveyed about psychology classes, with approximately 60% of the schools responding. The faculty for these courses are invariably in social studies departments, have little undergraduate or graduate coursework in psychology, and generally are not aware of the APA high school psychology program. The one-semester course emphasizes personality and developmental psychology and, to a lesser extent, social psychology, learning, and health. This personality–developmental focus and the resulting lack of student preparation for the more science-oriented college course is attributed to the limited training of the high school instructors, their job environment, and their goals for the course.

In the view of recent social sciences, the concept of resilience is associated primarily with positive adaptation regarding people exposed to various adversities and traumatic events for both children and adults. The majority of researchers ultimately agree on the coexistence of several factors affecting the disruption of an individual's functioning, illness or social maladaptation. With reference to social pedagogy, the category of resilience being not only psychological, finds comprehensive application to human and social life, including social problems, social exclusion and threats regarding family, school and education environment, and, finally, assistance in development processes and education of adults and the elderly. The aim of the article is to point out the indicated aspects.

Juvenile delinquency occurs anywhere and anytime, including in Islamic boarding schools. Several studies have shown that students’ problematic behavior is sometimes strange and deviates from the rules of the Islamic boarding school. Therefore, the researcher seeks to deeply examine the juvenile delinquency of students in the Islamic boarding school community. This research is literature research, descriptive research, qualitative research, and exploratory which examines in-depth literature based on General and Social Psychology on Islamic boarding schools to find new aspects related to juvenile delinquency of santri. The analysis used a content analysis study and an in-depth discussion of the written information contents. The results indicated that juvenile delinquency students stem from unhealthy behavior; among the causes; are psychic instability, superego deficiency, control, and defective perceptual function. The therapy for problem students is cognitive behavioral therapy or Cognitive Behavior Modification, which combines cognitive and behavioral approaches to solve problems. Some efforts were: first, initial assessment and diagnosis; second, looking for the root of the problem from negative emotions, thought process deviations, and central beliefs related to the disorder; third, an intervention plan prepared by the counselor to provide positive-negative consequences for counseling; fourth, status formulation, therapeutic focus, behavioral intervention, and fifth is relapse prevention and self-help training

This study provides a description of high school psychology teachers. A questionnaire was distributed to high school principals and teachers throughout the U.S. Data were obtained on school demographics, curricula, and teacher characteristics, including academic and professional preparation and certification. A noteworthy finding was the personality-developmental orientation of most high school psychology courses. In addition, most schools have one psychology teacher, who teaches one psychology class in the social studies department. As undergraduates, most teachers majored in social studies and took general or educational psychology courses. Classroom techniques for teaching psychology were generally not covered in professional preparation. Implications and recommendations are presented.

The concept of societal security as developed by the Copenhagen school has three underlying weaknesses: a tendency to reify societies as independent social agents, a use of too vague a definition of ‘identity’, and a failure to demonstrate sufficiently that social security matters to individuals. This article shows that applying social identity theory to the societal security concept helps remedy these weaknesses and closes the theoretical gaps that the Copenhagen school has left open. It enables us to treat ‘society’ as an independent variable without reifying it as an independent agent. It also suggests a much sharper definition of identity, and a rationale for the Copenhagen school's claim that individuals have a psychological need to achieve societal security by protecting their group boundaries. Social identity theory thus supports the societal security concept in its central assumptions while giving it stronger theoretical foundations and greater analytical clout.

This article discusses the dilemma faced by psychologists in responding to diversity. It is based on a qualitative review of relevant literature over the past decade. It first describes psychologists as frontrunners in recognizing the uniqueness and autonomy of each of their diverse clients but within the biomedical model that locates problems within clients. This raises a dilemma vis-à-vis diversity issues which are associated with discrimination suffered by minority groups who are best supported by changes in social structures and processes. An account is then given of an increasing adoption of a biopsychosocial model, with further influence of the social model of disability and mental health. Evidence of the trend is explored in a new commitment to the human rights agenda, changes in ethical codes, and in psychologists’ engagement with intervention at macro systems levels as in the promotion of inclusive education. The review concludes with the implications of these trends for greater changes in training institutions to reflect openness to diversity, and in training programmes to promote an understanding of, and skills in, using social approaches to addressing the needs of clients who are at risk of being misunderstood, devalued, and discriminated against.