Tesis sobre el tema "Salles de cinéma parisiennes"
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Pluquet, Céline. "Le cinéma muet, un art musico-visuel : pratiques, théories et esthétiques de la musique de cinéma à Paris entre 1907 et 1929". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080053.
This thesis intends to articulate the historical, theoretical, cultural and aesthetic aspects of film music during the silent era through the case of Parisian theaters. It questions the role of music and how it defined cinema at that specific time. This study shows the establishment of practices, theories, filmic and musical forms conditioned by film music. A first definition of film music between 1906 and 1907 describes the cinematic show as being a cinematic pantomime from the moment it appears as an artistic representation, as both a musical and visual experience. Shortly after the Great War, film music is gradually marked by the recognition of the orchestra as a model of musical accompaniment practice in Parisian theaters. Finally, film music becomes fully embedded when theorists establish the idea of the musical accompaniment of a cinematic art throughout the 1920s.This investigation thus leads us to rethink the role of the cinematic show in the definition of cinema. In short, film music represents the cornerstone which brings together a perception of cinema as being both an art and a performance
Touarigt, Boualem. "Les salles de cinéma en Algérie : histoire d'un équipement urbain". Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100116.
The audiences of Algerian movie houses consisted of poor European and Algerian immigrants of the country sides and the cities. The Algerian cinema didn't stand out but coalesced with animated areas of the public space. In the regional economic metropolises it was affected by the social stratification and signified a different relation with the city. As popular leisure looking for the largest audiences, the cinema didn't reflect colonial system segregations between areas and populations. Now, the movie house is included in public attractive areas outside the traditional physical limits of the city, and remains collective leisure place despite individual consumption of audio visual products
Yakovenko, Indira. "Mondialisation et nouveaux marchés cinématographiques : le cas des films russes et des salles de cinéma ukrainiennes". Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE2024.
Dans notre recherche, nous nous intéressons à la production cinématographique russe présente sur les marchés internationaux audiovisuels comme MIPTV et MIPCOM à Cannes. Nous analysons l’influence de la mondialisation, les transformations dans l’esthétique et la promotion de nouveaux films russes à travers notre observation participante et une enquête auprès des producteurs et distributeurs russes, ukrainiens et internationaux. Notre travail se situe au croisement de plusieurs disciplines : sciences de la communication, industrie du film, marketing, anthropologie culturelle. Les données sont issues de l’analyse de 15 films russes, produits entre 2000 et 2005, de 15 entretiens de professionnels du film et de 159 questionnaires recueillis auprès des participants, venus de 33 pays, au marché international du film de Cannes en 2006. Dans les nouveaux films russes, nous observons le processus de la réévaluation des événements historiques et la révélation des tabous. Ils ont les points communs avec le cinéma américain ou européen comme l’ordre étant plus important que la morale ou la présence de héros de l’âge du narcissisme. Le nouveau héros russe est plus tragique et complexe que le personnage hollywoodien. Pour la plupart des participants du marché international, le cinéma russe est un cinéma européen. La mondialisation est considérée comme américanisation. Cependant, elle fait émerger d’autres identités cinématographiques. Les séries russes triomphent à la télévision ukrainienne et leurs personnages plus proches et compréhensibles remplacent les héros américains. Les films contemporains russes se placent comme un cocktail des modèles : soviétique, hollywoodien et indien
Bergeron, Mario. "Société québécoise, salles de cinéma au Québec et à Trois-Rivières : quatre aspects". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1999. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3127/1/000664912.pdf.
Pinto, Aurélie. "Les salles de cinéma d'art et d'essai : sociologie d'un label culturel entre marché politique et politique publique". Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0026.
This dissertation adopts an interdisciplinary approach which combines economic sociology, sociology of culture and political science in order to study the "Art et essai" label. It aims at explaining the specificity of a market in which a quality label functions as amesurement and as a still open issue. The first part "Socio-history and topography of the 'Art et essai' label reveals the competing priciples at stake in the process of qualification on the market of cinematographic exploitation, in which are intertwined cultural, educational, industrial and political considerations. Two statistic surveys, one based on data relative to the labelled movie theatres, the other based on the itinerary of movie classified as "Art et essai" in French movie theatres show clearly the heterogeneity of the "Art et essai" movie theatres and highlight local configurations of competition between movie theatres which produce extremely variegated local exploitation markets. A second part, "Local markets of 'Art et essai' movie theatre demonstrates hox the 'Art et essai' label is defined structurally on its actual existing markets. Contesting an essentialist definition of the label, our approach here aims at explaining its different meanings according the social structuration of the audiance, the history of the exploitation in each territory, and the social trajectory of the movie theatres managers. The "Art et essai" movie theatre, considered it turns as "shapr", "independant", "small", "prestige", "repertoire" or "neighbourhood" movie theatre, is less defined through the programming of an aesthetic canon than through an alternative and always locally situated offer of cultural goods
Ndiltah, Patrick. "Les écrans noirs de N’Djaména : les ciné-clubs comme réponse à la fermeture des salles traditionnelles en Afrique : le cas du Tchad". Thesis, Avignon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AVIG1122/document.
This study explores the conditions surrounding the closure of traditional movie theatres inWest Africa, particularly in Chad. It will look at the multi-facetted causes, such as thetechnological, economic, political and financial reasons which have led to the transformationof these cinemas into shops or places of worship.It examines the process of setting up film-viewing alternatives that seem typical of Africa:cultural centers run by church congregations, embassies or the Chadian government andespecially “video-clubs” or “cine-clubs”, informal establishments of cinema distributionfound throughout the African urban landscape.The detailed analysis of these devices as family businesses, social venues and vectors of abastardized form of cinema culture is at the heart of this research. It allows us to identify theeconomic impact of these players as links in the process that takes a movie from itsreproduction in pirated form by Nigerian or Cameroon companies through to screening beforea Chadian audience.Through interviews conducted within a sample of spectators, we have studied their cinemahabits, behaviour and attachment to the films proposed.The latter is the second main axis of this study, particularly concerning the relationship thatthese audiences maintain with Chadian cinema, and, in a broader context, with cinema fictionitself. This thesis lays the foundations for a reflection on the role that the State could play inimproving the conditions of distribution and reception of African cinema throughout Chad
Baik, Seung Kyung. "Faire valoir le cinéma de qualité ˸ les labels d’art et essai en France et les salles réservées aux art films en Corée du Sud". Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030008.
This present research explores the valuing process of art cinema through two markets, created mainly by the movie theater label “Art et Essai” in France and “Movie Theater for Art films” in South Korea. It traces the economic, political and practical inventions, which enabled quality cinema, or auteur cinema, to be formed and to gradually define the very notion of quality. Inspired by pragmatic ideas, this study addresses the collective experience of the audience that leads to the distinction between “going to the cinema” and “seeing a movie”. This comparative historical research of two different countries which have strong traditions of “quality” cinema reveals the importance of the relationship between the socio- economic construction of quality and the various dimensions invented by movie industry participants, who are interested not only in screening films, but also and notably in attracting spectators and creating their audiences.Despite the similarity of some general figures of their industry such as national films’ market share and cinema admissions per capita, they differ in three ways: the beginning and the development process of the quality film market; government subsidies for art houses by means of quality labels and their impact on the identity formation of quality films in the market; and finally the landscape of art houses today. Analyses of each country presented in turn, because of their great difference, are however following the same path: starting from the presentation of enlightening early stage of the film industry and of the first government intervention against the American invasion; entering into details about art film market creation, subsidy policy changes and implementation of different modes of distribution in movie theater market; and concluding with the present situation
Bourgatte, Michael. "Ce que fait la pratique au spectateur. Enquêtes dans des salles de cinéma Art et Essai de la région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur". Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00369730.
La première partie propose de définir l'objet de la recherche : la pratique du cinéma dans les salles Art et Essai. Elle construit des outils permettant de saisir empiriquement cette pratique et démontre qu'elle engage un rapport spécifique au social. La deuxième partie montre que les recherches sur la pratique du cinéma en salle réduisent, le plus souvent, l'activité spectatorielle à un geste d'appropriation des films alors que cette activité renvoie tout autant à un geste de constitution sociale de la valeur sociale des films. Enfin, la troisième partie étudie la manière dont les individus se positionnent et réagissent vis-à-vis de cette valeur. Elle montre qu'il y a une identité de l'Art et Essai autour de laquelle se constituent des agglomérats d'individus assimilables à des regroupements communautaires. Elle permet ainsi de repenser ces espaces de pratique à partir de la notion de communauté.
En s'appuyant sur l'étude de la pratique cinématographique, cette recherche propose, plus largement, de discuter la pertinence de la question de l'(il)légitimé des objets culturels.
Bourgatte, Michaël. "Ce que fait la pratique au spectateur : enquêtes dans des salles de cinéma Art et essai de la région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur". Avignon, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/36/97/30/PDF/These_Bourgatte.pdf.
Throughout a communicational and a sociological approach, this research work offers to consider the practice of Art cinema as a dynamic process that brings different individuals into contact with one another as well as with the movies. It is based on two research surveys aimed at the audiences of Art houses in the French Region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. The results of these surveys were completed by the outcome of two semiotic and discursive analyses - one covering the movies’ critics of French magazine Télérama, the other one the French Art house’s programme Utopia, in the city of Avignon. Eventually, some movies have been analysed taking into account an aesthetic sociology of cinema. Therefore, the target is to study the semiotic and discursive formation of value towards cinema and to consider to what extent this value partakes of creating spectators’ communities around Art Cinema, given that this very value circulates and generates social representations. The first part puts forward a definition of the issue studied: the practice of cinema in Art houses. It builds up some theoretical tools leading to an empirical understanding of this practice, showing that it entails a specific relationship towards the social sphere. The second part shows that most researches on movie theatres’ practices reduce the audience’s behaviour to an appropriative one while it should also be considered as a constitutive one, since it socially constructs the social value of movies. To end up with, the third part focuses on the way individuals relate to this value and how they react to it. It shows that Art Cinema has an identity around which individuals come together to create a community. Thus, it allows to reconsider the practice-related issue through the notion of community. Based on a study of the practice of cinema, this research more generally aims at rating to what extent the issue of cultural objects’ (il)legitimacy might be relevant
Lyczba, Fabrice. "La question du réalisme dans le cinéma hollywoodien, 1917-1927". Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100223/document.
In the 1920s, as Hollywood cinema is undergoing industrial institutionalization, critical and advertising discourses maintain active a spectatorial pleasure derived from the sensational presence of reality in fiction films. The notion of « realism » used in those discourses is a « cluster concept » aiming on the one hand to derive cinema’s legitimacy from the serious purpose of realistic arts, and on the other to emphasize the relationship between film and the reality of on location or studio shooting, of the manufacturing of films, and of the tricks behind the realistic illusion. Those discourses therefore reveal all that is real in how fiction works in films and support a realistic project to construct an active and non-illusionistic spectatorial gaze that is invited to analyze film as an artifical illusion. These discourses are extended to spectators’ daily life through advertising practices that aim to create a playful space of reception where reality and romance merge in circus-inspired ballyhoo, in lobby decorations, and in on-stage prologues before, or during, the film. This realistic gaze developped by such discourses and practices allows us to analyze the reception of Hollywood silent films as a playful and participative moment. Aiming to awaken spectators’ senses and sharpen their attention, such discourses and practices allow us to raise the question of a Hollywood realism that would aim to create an active, conscious and critical game with the filmic illusion
Allamand, Clémence. "Les acteurs de la diffusion cinématographique en salles en France au prisme du passage à la projection numérique : enjeux socio-économiques d’un secteur en mutation (1999-2018)". Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030035.
This PhD work analyses the challenges of the transition to the digital projection of the cinema distribution sector in France between 1999 and 2018. Following a socio-economic approach of cinema, it lightens up the technological transition process in order to account for the process logic, the stakeholder’s strategies and the balance of the power relations, but also in order to provide an analytical comprehension of the technical, socio-economic and political changes in the cinema sector in its entirety. The research is based on discourse analysis of a field survey of 48 professionals from the sector and a study of the French corporate magazine Le Film Français between 1999 and 2018.Driven and imposed by the Hollywood majors in the 2000s, the digitization of cinematographic diffusion accelerated worldwide in 2009 following the announcement of the Avatar movie release. Financially, this change relied on the principle of sharing the costs between the main broadcasting players, which meant introducing a tax: the VPF. In France, the switchover to digital cinema has been monitored and financially supported by the public authorities, so that by the end of 2014 the movie theaters have been fully equipped. Therefore, the digitization of film distribution modifies the tasks, the « know-how » and the skills required for the sector lines. It also generates different restructuring of the field mainly linked to economic imperatives within the cinema sector wholeness. Furthermore, the growing impact of technical intermediation questions the historical dynamics of power and relations among the traditional actors in the sector, raising issues of concentration, diversity and regulation
Lévy, Hartmann Florence. "Diversité des marchés cinématographiques et carrières des films : les cas des films en salles en Europe et des films en vidéogrammes en France". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0060.
The research seeks to apply the idea of diversity to cultural markets and in particular to film markets (films screened in theatres and films on video). Starting from the largely political idea of cultural diversity, the work attempts to forge an operational economic concept of relevance to the international analysis of audiovisual markets. To counterbalance the semantic dilution associated with the words « diversity » and « culture », the framework of the research has to be clearly defined (chapter 1). The availability of the basic data and the complementary data collection prove to be crucial for the framing and for the completion of the case studies (chapter 2). Thanks to the data collected, three distinct measures of the diversity of film markets are proposed (chapter 3): the diversity of the market of screened films in six countries during three years (1998, 2001, 2004); the diversity of the film on video market in France, during two years (2003 and 2005); and finally the diversity of the film on video market in France in 2005 analysed per distribution network. The calculations aim to highlight the methodological issues raised in attempting to measure the diversity of a cultural market. They also allow one to draw some conclusions in terms of international comparisons and comparisons over time, or to characterise how the levels of diversity evolve along with the value-chain of the film markets (from the supply to the demand). In addition, in order to better understand the diversity of film markets, and in particular the diversity of the consumption of film, the work provides an analysis of the factors influencing box-office and video success for films (chapter 4)
Vitrinel, Ece. "Le cinéma en salle face à la multiplication des écrans. Une analyse pluridisciplinaire de la situation en Turquie". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA046.
The object of this research is the movie theaters and the relationship of the audience with them. To embrace all aspects of the movie theaters in the era of proliferation of screens, the study which follows up a socio-economic perspective articulating quantitative and qualitative methods is organized into three parts. The first part describes the general lines of the cinematic experience with its screens and sites, the second directly addresses the context of the film industry in Turkey, and the third sets out to analyze the place of the movie spectators in this particular context. It thus tries to build up like a jigsaw puzzle, a portrait of the typical spectator in Turkey, hoping that this portrait would be relevant to understand today’s audience. The field observations made within the framework of this study demonstrate the existence of a common line cutting across all types of movie theaters, whether it be multiplexes, neighborhood cinemas or alternative screening areas, and illustrate the continuation of the theater experience at home
Karadzha, Ksenia. "La politique de l'Etat russe en matière d'exploitation cinématographique. Analyses à partir du cas de Saint-Pétersbourg [1995-2005]". Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030190.
What is the solution of the problems with the price accessibility and repertoire policy for the modern cinemas ? What are the determinants of cinemas attendance and how to increase the target audience of cinemas ? What is the suitable form for the "system of alternative film exhibition" ? These were the questions to answer with the recent thesis. The purpose of the research is consisted in the determination and elaboration of theoretical and methodological bases for increasing the efficiency of Russian film exhibition management using the accumulated Russian and French experience of maintaining the national identity of cinematograph culture in the conditions of cultural globalization. As a result of the conducted research the international structure of film exhibition was elaborated and presented widely in the organizational, economical and marketing aspects with the aim of increase the efficiency of the solution of economical and socio-cultural problems. The results of this scientific work can be used while defining the state policy in the film exhibition field on the federal, regional and local levels ; in the process of reforming and increasing the efficiency of film exhibition management ; during the practice of foundation the perspective directions of marketing activities in the film exhibition field
Tabeau, Tiffanie. "Le droit administratif et l'exploitation des oeuvres cinématographiques". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1067.
The study of the exploitation of films through the prism of administrative law reveals a little-known side of cinema law. Indeed, far from the preconceptions, research shows how administrative law was first an instrument to preserve and promote movie theaters and how it remains today a powerful means of promoting and distributing cinematographic works.Moreover, at a time when digital cinema distribution methods will totally disrupt the film industry, the thesis confirms that there is no doubt that the legal framework for its development will necessarily be weakened. New challenges will have to be officially recorded by the law, because the cinema hall (movie theater), as the principal medium of the work, is now faced with scanning equipment or planned obsolescence of the current media timeline. All this therefore implies an adaptation or mutation of administrative law if its duty is to retain a central role in regulating the exploitation of cinematographic works. The main intention of this thesis is to reveal and to understand the continued need for a framework formed by the administrative law of cinematographic works. To do this, before showing how administrative law is still a legitimate way to organize and support the distribution-projection of works, it will first be shown that "special" law, although binding, was very quickly essential to the very existence of movie performances and generally speaking, to the maintenance of the French film industry
Marignan, Marylin. "Évolution de la fréquentation des cinémas et des théâtres à Lyon (1929-1939)". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20055.
The first time that an American sound film was shown in a cinema in Lyon, was on March 8, 1929. The movie was entitled Wings (Les Ailes, William A. Wellman, 1927). This film was a starting point for sound films also known as talking pictures, in the capital of the Gauls. From that point, cinemas started to equip. It was a phenomenal success. The beginnings and the triumph of sound films worried the theatre world, which saw them as a serious and fierce rival. This is the time when a lot of articles comparing cinematographic art and drama were published, many of them wondering about the future of drama. What were the repercussions of the transition to sound films on the evolution of theatres attendance in Lyon? How did theatres react to the rise of talking pictures? Did this new technology have an impact on theatres attendance and functioning? This thesis will pay attention to the evolution of attendance in Lyon’s cinemas and theatres in the 1930s focusing on a sociocultural, economic and historic approach. The study of the impact of the transition to sound films as well as the economic crisis and the implementation of laws by the Front populaire in June 1936 are then determining to understand the evolution of the connection between drama and cinema
Parayre, Ariane. "L'utopie numérique : discours et réalités sur la numérisation des salles de cinéma illustrés par le cas de l'entreprise DigiScreen". Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6053.
The goal of this thesis is to demonstrate the impossible realization of the "myth of Hollywood digital disruption" as described by Kira Kitsopanidou. This idea put simply suggests the enlargement of film diversity in theaters due to the advent of digital technology. This myth, which perpetuates the idea of Hollywood’s death, was carried by several texts (espacially thoses produced by mass media) and participate in what can be qualified, following Foucault, as a "discursive formation" revolving around technology. The first chapter will analyze the main differences between this utopic discourse and reality based on the socio-economic factors affecting the processes of innovation’s implementation, particulary thoses related to the movie theaters. Secondly, we will consider the realities that affect the implementation of digital technology in movie theaters. Advantagously, these also explain the slowness of this process, a situation that was interpreted by the discourse as a delay. The third chapter will illustrate the concepts discussed in the previous chapters, using as a case study the example of DigiScreen, a company that wanted to increase film diversity in movie theaters by providing theatre owners with digital equipment at discounted prices. DigiScreen in some ways encapsulates the hopes generated by the digital utopia. Finally, we will look at different cases which draw a portrait of the digitization of theatres in the early years of the twenty-first century.
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Thibodeau, Simon. "Expérience hétérotopique du cinéma : approches théoriques et historiographiques du cinéma en salle". Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12523.
This thesis explores how theories of moving image reception that have or have had a significant impact on the development of film studies as a discipline are centered around the movie theater and on “movie-going” practices. The analysis of a representative set of theoretical and historiographical approaches to the cinematic experience allows for the definition of key principles that unearth various forms of mediation at play in the movie-going experience. Jean-Louis Baudry’s “apparatus theory” and Christian Metz’s notion of the “imaginary signifier” both suggest a theory of movie-going experience stressing the transparency effects on spectators of the mediation of certain architectural and technological aspects of movie theaters and focusing on the symbolic and institutional nature of this form of mediation. In contrast, Roger Odin’s semio-pragmatic approach and New Cinema History’s critical historiography (as theorized by Robert C. Allen and Richard Maltby) conceptualize the opacity of a complex set of sensory, relational, social, and economic mediations occurring in movie theaters, which last during the entire experience of the audience in these exhibition sites. By unspooling the complexity of the theoretical stances above mentioned, this thesis moves towards the definition of a heterotopic cinema experience formulated from within the context of film studies.
Pannetier, Leboeuf Gabrielle. "De ícono político a ícono cultural : la figura de Ernesto "Che" Guevara en "Diarios de motocicleta", de Walter Salles". Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19532.
This thesis studies how the movie "Motorcycle Diaries" (2004), directed by Walter Salles, is symptomatic of the transformation of Ernesto "Che" Guevara from a political icon into a cultural icon. Accounting for the dilution of the revolutionary’s political weight in a growing number of consumer items and advertisements, this study focuses on the participation of Salles’s film in the cultural resemanticization of Ernesto Guevara’s mythical figure and on the corresponding depoliticization of the icon. This research shows that the film’s cultural reprocessing and depoliticization of the Che Guevara icon is the small-scale expression of a wider historical shift that globalization has generated in the West since the 80s: culture’s expansion –to the detriment of politics– and its instrumentalization as a resource. In the film, Che’s cultural transition is evident in 1) the depiction of the protagonist as a romantic hero; 2) the attenuation or even suppression in the plot of the most political biographical events; 3) the transnational reading of both Che and the film as consumer goods and economical resources on a global scale. The analysis is complemented by cultural and semiological theoretical perspectives that confirm the connection between the icon and its sociohistorical context.
Esta memoria estudia cómo la película “Diarios de motocicleta” (2004), del director brasileño Walter Salles, es sintomática de la transformación del ícono político de Ernesto “Che” Guevara en ícono cultural. Partiendo de cierta preocupación por la dilución de la carga política de la imagen del revolucionario en un número creciente de objetos de consumo y de publicidades, este estudio se enfoca en la participación de la película de Salles en la resemantización cultural de la figura mítica de Ernesto Guevara y en la consecuente despolitización relativa del ícono del guerrillero. Esta investigación destaca que la reconstrucción cultural y la despolitización del Che Guevara en la cinta sintetizan a pequeña escala un cambio histórico más amplio que la globalización ha impulsado en Occidente a partir de los años ochenta: la expansión de la cultura –en detrimento de la política– y su instrumentalización como recurso. La transición cultural del Che se manifiesta en la película a través de 1) la presentación romántica del protagonista; 2) la atenuación o incluso la supresión en la trama de los acontecimientos biográficos más políticos; 3) la dimensión transnacional del Che y de la cinta en tanto mercancías de consumo y recursos económicos globales. El análisis se nutre también de teorías culturales y semiológicas que confirman la conexión del ícono del Che con su contexto sociohistórico.