Tesis sobre el tema "Safety logiciel"
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Sun, Yanjun. "Consolidation de validation fonctionnelle de systèmes critiques à l'aide de model checking : application au contrôle commande de centrales nucléaires". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENST0047.
Texto completoThe verification and validation of safety-critical real-time system are subject to stringent standards and certifications. Recent progress in model-based system engineering should be applied to such systems since it allows early detection of defects and formal verification techniques. This thesis proposes a model-based testing (MBT) methodology dedicated to functional validation of safety-critical real-time systems. The method is directed by the structural coverage of the Lustre model co-simulated with tje physical process and also by the functional requirements. It relies on a repetitive use of a model checker to generate coverage-based open-loop test sequences. We also propose a refinement technique of progressively adding environment constraints during test generation. The refinement is expected to support the passage from coverage-based open-loop test sequence to functional requirements-based closed-loop test case. Our methodology also considers the state explosion problem of a model checker and proposes a heuristic called hybrid verification combining model checking and simulation
Mariano, Georges. "Evaluation de logiciels critiques développés par la méthode B : une approche quantitative". Valenciennes, 1997. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/823185e9-e82a-44fc-b3e2-17a0b205165e.
Texto completoChu, Liu. "Reliability and optimization, application to safety of aircraft structures". Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAM0008/document.
Texto completoTremendous struggles of researchers in the field of aerodynamic design and aircraft production were made to improve wing airfoil by optimization techniques. The development of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) in computer simulation cuts the expense of aerodynamic experiment while provides convincing results to simulate complicated situation of aircraft. In our work, we chose a special and important part of aircraft, namely, the structure of wing.Reliability based optimization is one of the most appropriate methods for structural design under uncertainties. It struggles to seek for the best compromise between cost and safety while considering system uncertainties by incorporating reliability measures within the optimization. Despite the advantages of reliability based optimization, its application to practical engineering problem is still quite challenging. In our work, uncertainty analysis in numerical simulation is introduced and expressed by probability theory. Monte Carlo simulation as an effective method to propagate the uncertainties in the finite element model of structure is applied to simulate the complicate situations that may occur. To improve efficiency of Monte Carlo simulation in sampling process, Latin Hypercube sampling is performed. However, the huge database of sampling is difficult to provide explicit evaluation of reliability. Polynomial chaos expansion is presented and discussed. Kriging model as a surrogate model play an important role in the reliability analysis.Traditional methods of optimization have disadvantages in unacceptable time-complexity or natural drawbacks of premature convergence because of finding the nearest local optima of low quality. Simulated Annealing is a local search-based heuristic, Genetic Algorithm draws inspiration from the principles and mechanisms of natural selection, that makes us capable of escaping from being trapped into a local optimum. In reliability based design optimization, these two methods were performed as the procedure of optimization. The loop of reliability analysis is running in surrogate model
Pandya, Nishant. "Analyse de sensibilité paramétrique d’un outil de modélisation des conséquences de scénarios d’accidents. Application à la dispersion atmosphérique de rejets avec le logiciel Phast". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT031G/document.
Texto completoWe have undertaken a parametric sensitivity analysis of the Phast software tool’s models for atmospheric dispersion of toxic and/or inflammable gases. We have coupled Phast with the sensitivity analysis tool SimLab, and have automated the execution of a large number of simulations while varying simultaneously selected model parameters. The global sensitivity analysis method used, E-FAST, is based on analysis of the variance of model outputs, and allows us to estimate sensitivity indices. We have studied continuous release scenarios for six different products (nitric oxide, ammonia, chlorine, nitrogen, n-hexane and hydrogen fluoride), which were chosen to cover a wide range of physical characteristics and storage conditions. Our analysis of Phast’s Unified Dispersion Model comprises two phases: a screening phase which allows the sensitivity of a wide range of parameters to be compared, followed by a phase focusing on the sensitivity of internal model parameters (excluding weather and source term variables), over a wide input range. For each product, we have broken down base-case scenarios into a number of sub-scenarios corresponding to different release conditions. This work has allowed us to rank model parameters according to their influence on the variability of a number of model outputs. It also includes a per-product comparative analysis indicating, for each release condition studied, which parameters have the most influence on the outputs. In the final part of the work, we have analyzed the local sensitivity of these parameters in a narrow range around their default values
Gobillot, Nicolas. "Validation d’architectures temps-réel pour la robotique autonome". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESAE0006/document.
Texto completoA robot is a complex system combining hardware and software parts. In order to simplify the robot design, the whole system is split in several separated modules. However, the complexity of the functional and temporal validation to improve the safety counterweights the robot design simplicity. We can find scheduling analysis tools for task-based software. These tools are used to check and validate the schedulability of the tasks involved in a software, run on a specific hardware. However, these methods considers the tasks as monolithic entities, without taking into account their internal structure. The resulting analyses may be too much pessimistic and therefore not applicable to robotic applications. In this work, we have modeled the internal structure of the tasks as state-machines and used these state-machines into the schedulability analysis in order to improve the analysis precision. Moreover, the tools developed during this work have been tested on real robotic use-cases
Louis, Christophe. "La protection des logiciels : une solution pour ordinateurs personnels utilisant la carte a micro-calculateur". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066373.
Texto completoGodot, Jean. "ALEBAS : une méthodologie de développement et d'analyse de sûreté de fonctionnement des systèmes embarqués". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS057/document.
Texto completoNowadays, the increasing complexity of embedded systems requires the management, from the first prototypes and software level, of requirements usually handled later even only when passing in production, such as including dependability constraints. We propose a development methodology for embedded software that can meet the needs and constraints of developing this software in the prototyping phase. The flexibility of the methodology ensures better management of recurring changes characterizing the software in the prototyping phase. Also, due to its well-adapted structure, and automated aspect of its integration and implementation, our methodology ensures a significant cost reduction of serialization and implementation of norms such as ISO 26262 or DO-178. To illustrate the results, we apply our methodology and the associated toolchain to an innovative industrial project which consists to robotize a prototype car. The case study focuses on the accelerator function of the prototype
Goutal, Pascale. "Jeux non-coopératifs finis appliqués à la sécurité nucléaire". Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066362.
Texto completoSirgabsou, Yandika. "Proposition d’une approche dirigée par les modèles pour la sûreté de fonctionnement logicielle - Application à l'architecture logicielle des véhicules connectés et autonomes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, INSA, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ISAT0062.
Texto completoIn the context of automotive software development, the general problem that motivated this work was the growing complexity of software architectures and the limitations of the current practices in terms of safety analyses. Despite the development of MBSE (Model Based Systems Engineering), these practices are still characterized by the reliance on manual traditional safety analysis techniques such as Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) or Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Although still useful, these techniques fall short when faced with complexity with the possibility of resulting in subjective, inefficient, poor quality and error-prone analyses. Hence, to improve the state of the current practice in the automotive context, our proposal is to apply the Model Based Safety Analysis (MBSA) approach that is a relevant Model Driven Engineering approach applied to safety. However, the review of the current state of the art of current MBSA approaches suggests that most of these approaches are systems oriented and lack clear methodological support. In addition, some of the MBSA approaches (especially those relying on a dedicated model) require deep understanding (in terms of modeling paradigm) and can be challenging to implement in the case of complex systems (limitations of manual modeling). Also in current practices, safety analysis at software level suffers of poor integration with the software development process, which can result in inconsistent safety analyses. To address these issues, the essence of our contribution is to provide a methodology that adapts the concepts, principles, and methods of MBSA for the purpose of improving the practice of software safety analysis, taking into consideration the current state of practices (in the existing software development process).Our first contribution consists of a methodology covering all the steps required to perform safety analysis on automotive software architectures using the model-based approach while addressing the challenges presented by the lack of inadequate inputs brought by the use of document-centric artifact in some parts of the software engineering process. Through this contribution, we propose a step-by-step methodology for defining the safety analysis context, constructing the dysfunctional architecture, and using it for safety analyses relying on a dedicated model approach.The second proposal, also methodological, aims to address some challenges related to complexity brought by the limitations of a dedicated model approach. It consists of using software fault patterns based on ISO 26262 software fault templates to ease the construction of the dysfunctional model. Through this proposal, prototypes of common software fault patterns are developed and reused to build the dysfunctional model.The third contribution, still undergoing development, is a tooling proposal to partially automated and ease the construction of software component’s fault behavior and propagation through functional to dysfunctional logic translation. It aims to ensure a better consistency of software safety analyses with the software development process constantly with ISO 26262 recommendations
Moy, Yannick. "Automatic modular static safety checking for C programs". Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112001.
Texto completoIn this PhD thesis, we present automatic and modular solutions to the three main problems that come up when applying deductive verification techniques to C programs, in order to prove the absence of security flaws that exploit memory corruption. These problems are the generation of logical annotations, memory separation and the treatment of unions and casts. Deductive verification relies on the presence of logical annotations in programs. In practice, it is not possible to add all annotations manually. We propose a technique to generate such annotations based on abstract interpretation, weakest precondition calculus and quantifier elimination. When programs contain pointers, deductive verification is precise enough only if memory regions pointed-to are disjoint. We propose a technique to separate memory regions based on a contextual version of Steensgaard's alias analysis, whose correction is guaranteed by generating additional preconditions. When programs contain unions and casts, the usual hypothesis made in deductive verification that fields of structures are separated is not valid anymore. We propose a classification of unions and casts, as well as a combination of typed memory model and byte-level memory model, that validates the usual hypothesis of field separation. We have implemented these techniques in Frama-C and Why platforms. By applying them to the verification of existing libraries for strings, we both managed to find memory safety bugs in the original versions and to check the safety of corrected versions of the same libraries
Sango, Marc. "Traceability of concerns and observer-based verification for railway safety-critical software". Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10067/document.
Texto completoIn recent years, the development of critical systems demands more and more software. In order to reduce their costs of development and verification, actors in critical domains, such as avionics and automotive domains, are moving more and more towards model-driven engineering. In contrast, in the railway domain, for strategic and organizational reasons, actors remain faithful to traditional methods that allow them to take advantage of their knowledge. However, these conventional approaches suffer from a lack of abstraction and do not provide supports for traceability of concerns and formal verification, which are highly recommended for the development of railway safety-critical software. To address these shortcomings, we present in this thesis a systematic approach based on model driven engineering and component-based model, in order to better manage software complexity and traceability of concerns. In this dissertation, we provide in particular three major contributions. First, we provide an integrated set of meta-models for describing the concerns of software requirements, software components, and traceability between the concerns and software components. With the second contribution, we propose a formal support of our model to allow formal verification of temporal properties. Finally, with the last contribution, we propose a software component-based development and verification approach, called SARA, and included in V-lifecycle widely used in the railway domain. Experiments we conducted to validate our approach through a few case studies of the new European train control system ERTMS/ETCS, show that by using component model that explicitly include requirement traceability, we are able to provide a practical, scalable and reliable approach
Weber, Hendrik, Julian Bock, Jens Klimke, Christian Roesener, Johannes Hiller, Robert Krajewski, Adrian Zlocki y Lutz Eckstein. "A framework for definition of logical scenarios for safety assurance of automated driving". Taylor & Francis, 2019. https://publish.fid-move.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A72236.
Texto completoTheos, Constantin. "Modélisation du mouvement des personnes lors de l'évacuation d'un bâtiment à la suite d'un sinistre". Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENPC9407.
Texto completoVoiron, Guillaume. "Exploration concrétisée et pertinente de systèmes d'événements abstraits en vue de la génération automatique de tests". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCD027.
Texto completoThe work presented in this thesis contributes to the automated under-approximation generation techniques in order to generate tests from models.Model based testing aims at guaranteeing the conformity of an implementation with regards to a model, both designed from specifications by two distinct teams.In this thesis, we propose to use well known abstraction techniques by using predicates extracted from behavioural models allowing to reduce the manipulated state space to a finite and narrow set. We propose to extract the abstraction predicates from the test purpose so that the generated tests cover the behaviours it targets. However, the computation of an abstraction causes a loss of information of the reachability with regards to the initial model. Our goals are, on the one hand, to efficiently compute an abstraction of the model as representative as possible of a test purpose. On the other hand, we strive to extract executions from this abstraction which can be instanciated on the model before its abstraction, targeting the behaviours to test, and aiming at covering the states and the transitions of the abstracted model.Our contributions are the following. We define a test generation method combining various algorithms allowing to obtain a good structural coverage of the abstraction of a non deterministic behavioural model. We first propose an algorithm computing the abstraction of a model using predicates extracted from a test purpose expressed as a temporal property. This algorithm computes an under-approximation of the model by covering the abstract states and transitions of the model. It applies various exploration heuristics and techniques with the aim of increasing the amount of reached instances. Then, we propose to improve by the means of two other algorithms the structural coverage obtained by this first under-approximation. The first of these algorithms, fully automated, takes advantage of the known modalities of the abstract transitions which provide us with reachability properties. The second under-approximation extension algorithm uses the expertise of the tester who must, from non covered transitions, design a relevance predicate which will guide and limit the exploration and the instanciations. We define a set of rules allowing to express this relevance predicate and compute a variant guaranteeing the termination of the exploration algorithm. These two algorithms complete the under-approximation by necessarily instanciable executions. Finally, we experimentally assess the quality of the method on five case studies
Gazeau, Ivan. "Safe Programming in Finite Precision: Controlling Errors and Information Leaks". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/91/34/69/PDF/main.pdf.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we analyze the problem of the finite representation of real numbers and we control the deviation due to this approximation. We particularly focus on two complex problems. First, we study how finite precision interacts with differentially private protocols. We present a methodology to study the perturbations on the probabilistic distribution induced by finite representation. Then we show that a direct implementation of differential privacy protocols is not safe while, with addition of some safeguards, differential privacy is preserved under finite precision up to some quantified inherent leakage. Next, we propose a method to analyze programs that cannot be analyzed by a compositional analysis due to ''erratic'' control flow. This method based on rewrite system techniques allows us to use the proof of correction of the program in the exact semantics to prove the program is still safe in the finite representation
Basnyat, Sandra. "A generic integrated modelling framework for the analysis, design and validation of interactive safety-critical, error tolerant systems". Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30246.
Texto completoThis thesis presents a multi-perspective approach for the design of interactive safety-critical systems called the « Generic Integrated Modelling Framework ». The goal is to propose techniques, methods and tools for the model-based design while taking into account human and system-related erroneous behaviour. Our research focuses on task and system modeling, which like other models, are often developed from an error-free perspective, without taking into account human or system errors. These models are often developed by experts with different backgrounds and cultures. It is thus unlikely that the data gathered, analysed and documented will be represented in the same way. We have developed an approach which allows the integration of erroneous behaviour of both the users and the system via models (notably the task and system model). This perspective extends the boundaries of model based design since this additional information allows us to take into account previous failures. The main aim is to improve the design process in order to produce safer safety-critical interactive systems. This approach has been applied to two case studies : A fatal mining accident involving a gas management system within a cement plant An interactive cockpit application meeting the requirements of the ARINC 661 specification. The fundamental idée is to bring together within a single framework principle issues of user centred design within the safety-critical domain
Ngô, Van Chan. "Formal verification of a synchronous data-flow compiler : from Signal to C". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01067477.
Texto completoMouelhi, Sebti. "Contributions à la vérification de la sûreté de l'assemblage et à l'adaptation de composants réutilisables". Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01015089.
Texto completoRahmoun, Smail. "Optimisation multi-objectifs d'architectures par composition de transformation de modèles". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENST0004.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we propose a new exploration approach to tackle design space exploration problems involving multiple conflicting non functional properties. More precisely, we propose the use of model transformation compositions to automate the production of architectural alternatives, and multiple-objective evolutionary algorithms to identify near-optimal architectural alternatives. Model transformations alternatives are mapped into evolutionary algorithms and combined with genetic operators such as mutation and crossover. Taking advantage of this contribution, we can (re)-use different model transformations, and thus solve different multiple-objective optimization problems. In addition to that, model transformations can be chained together in order to ease their maintainability and re-usability, and thus conceive more detailed and complex systems
Rahmoun, Smail. "Optimisation multi-objectifs d'architectures par composition de transformation de modèles". Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENST0004/document.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we propose a new exploration approach to tackle design space exploration problems involving multiple conflicting non functional properties. More precisely, we propose the use of model transformation compositions to automate the production of architectural alternatives, and multiple-objective evolutionary algorithms to identify near-optimal architectural alternatives. Model transformations alternatives are mapped into evolutionary algorithms and combined with genetic operators such as mutation and crossover. Taking advantage of this contribution, we can (re)-use different model transformations, and thus solve different multiple-objective optimization problems. In addition to that, model transformations can be chained together in order to ease their maintainability and re-usability, and thus conceive more detailed and complex systems
Kopka, Bernard. "Étude et validation d'une redondance homogène d'ordre deux à décalage temporel pour des applications à haut niveau de sécurité". Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10041.
Texto completoMaisonneuve, Vivien. "Analyse statique des systèmes de contrôle-commande : invariants entiers et flottants". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0007/document.
Texto completoA critical software is a software whose malfunction may result in death or serious injury to people, loss or severe damage to equipment or environmental harm.Software engineering for critical systems is particularly difficult, and combines different methods to ensure the quality of produced software.Among them, formal methods can be used to prove that a software obeys its specifications.This thesis falls within the context of the validation of safety properties for critical software, and more specifically, of numerical properties for embedded software in control-command systems.The first part of this thesis deals with Lyapunov stability proofs.These proofs rely on computations with real numbers, and do not accurately describe the behavior of a program run on a platform with machine arithmetic.We introduce a generic, theoretical framework to adapt the arguments of Lyapunov stability proofs to machine arithmetic.A tool automatically translates the proof on real numbers to a proof with floating-point numbers.The second part of the thesis focuses on linear relation analysis, using an abstract interpretation based on the approximation by convex polyhedrons of valuations associated with each control point in a program.We present ALICe, a framework to compare different invariant generation techniques.It comes with a collection of test cases taken from the program analysis literature, and interfaces with three tools, that rely on different algorithms to compute invariants: Aspic, iscc and PIPS.To refine PIPS results, two code restructuring techniques are introduced, and several improvements are made to the invariant generation algorithms and evaluated using ALICe
Wang, Chen. "A chemistry-inspired middleware for flexible execution of service based applications". Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00982804.
Texto completoCormier, Geoffroy. "Analyse statique et dynamique de cartes de profondeurs : application au suivi des personnes à risque sur leur lieu de vie". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S146.
Texto completoIn France, fall is the first death cause for people aged 75 and more, and the second death cause for people aged 65 and more. It is considered that falls generate about 1 to 2 billion euros health costs per year. The human and social-economical issue is crucial, knowing that for the mentioned populations, fall risk is multiplied by 20 after a first fall; that the death risk is multiplied by 4 in the year following a fall; that per year, 30% of the people aged 65 and more and 50% of the people aged 85 and more are subject to falls; and that it is estimated that more than 30% of the French population whill be older than 65 years old by 2050. This thesis proposes a ground lying event detection device which bases on the real time analysis of depth maps, and also proposes an improvement of the device, which uses an additional thermal sensor. Depth maps and thermal images ensure the device is independent from textures and lighting conditions of the observed scenes, and guarantee that the device respects the privacy of those who pass into its field of view, since nobody can be recognized in such images. This thesis also proposes several methods to detect the ground plane in a depth map, the ground plane being a geometrical reference for the device. A psycho-social inquiry was conducted, and enabled the evaluation of the a priori acceptability of the proposed device. This inquiry demonstrated the good acceptability of the proposed device, and resulted in recommendations on points to be improved and on pitfalls to avoid. Last, a method to separate and track objects detected in a depth map is proposed, the measurement of the activity of observed individuals being a long term objective for the device
Lisý, Ondřej. "Stavebně technologický projekt ayurvédského pavilonu v Počátkách". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409935.
Texto completoBobot, François. "Logique de séparation et vérification déductive". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00652508.
Texto completoLi, Ping. "Safety analysis using a Smart Safety Helmet embedded with IMU and EEG sensors applied in industrial facility". Thèse, 2015. http://constellation.uqac.ca/3315/1/Li_uqac_0862N_10126.pdf.
Texto completoAl-Ali, Khaled Ali Dawoud. "The safety of logical structures". 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/22466.
Texto completoLien, Kuo-Ting y 連國廷. "Development and Application of the Logical Structures of IEEE Safety Standards". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92051268069815514977.
Texto completo元智大學
資訊工程學系
96
Safety and Security are the characteristics of software systems. For Safety systems, there is already a standard, namely, “Common Criteria, CC” for creating, inspecting or evaluating security requirement documents. For Security systems, however, there are no such standards so far. In this paper, we proposed to a common- standard-like approach to safety systems. We developed the logical structures for IEEE 603, a safety standard for nuclear power station. The logical structures include threats, critical asset constraints, defensive measures, and assurance as the top level components. The common-criteria-like classes, families, and components are then designed. Case studies using this approach have been conducted. Our approach improved the efficiency of the review process for the conformance of IEEE safety standard. Therefore, the safety of the reviewed system can then be enhanced.