Literatura académica sobre el tema "Running races in art"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Running races in art"
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Thokair, Mosaad Al, Minjian Zhang, Umang Mathur y Mahesh Viswanathan. "Dynamic Race Detection with O(1) Samples". Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 7, POPL (9 de enero de 2023): 1308–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3571238.
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Happens before-based dynamic analysis is the go-to technique for detecting data races in large scale software projects due to the absence of false positive reports. However, such analyses are expensive since they employ expensive vector clock updates at each event, rendering them usable only for in-house testing. In this paper, we present a sampling-based, randomized race detector that processes only constantly many events of the input trace even in the worst case. This is the first sub-linear time (i.e., running in o ( n ) time where n is the length of the trace) dynamic race detection algorithm; previous sampling based approaches like run in linear time (i.e., O ( n )). Our algorithm is a property tester for -race detection — it is sound in that it never reports any false positive, and on traces that are far, with respect to hamming distance, from any race-free trace, the algorithm detects an -race with high probability. Our experimental evaluation of the algorithm and its comparison with state-of-the-art deterministic and sampling based race detectors shows that the algorithm does indeed have significantly low running time, and detects races quite often.
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Grivas, Gerasimos V. "Beyond the Finish Line: Examining the Role of Children in Marathon Races—A Narrative Review". Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 9, n.º 1 (7 de marzo de 2024): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9010047.
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Compared with other sports, running is popular sport for children throughout the world. Over the last few decades, marathon running has become increasingly popular even in the age group below 18 years. While the majority of youth athletes fall within the 16–18 age range, it is noteworthy that there are also participants younger than 12 years engaging in marathon races. Advice on the safety of youth athletes participating in these events is frequently sought by parents, coaches, sport scientists, and medical professionals, particularly concerning potential short- and long-term health consequences. The act of marathon running has the potential to impact key organ systems during the crucial phases of growth and development. To ensure the safety of marathon running in youth runners, it is essential to address multiple physiological and psychological aspects of health. These recommendations are directed towards ensuring the safe participation of youth athletes in marathon races through proper and individualized assessments.
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Carmona, Gerard, Emma Roca, Mario Guerrero, Roser Cussó, Cristina Bàrcena, Mercè Mateu y Joan Cadefau. "Fibre-type-specific and Mitochondrial Biomarkers of Muscle Damage after Mountain Races". International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, n.º 04 (5 de marzo de 2019): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0808-4692.
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AbstractConsequences of running mountain races on muscle damage were investigated by analysing serum muscle enzymes and fibre-type-specific sarcomere proteins. We studied 10 trained amateur and 6 highly trained runners who ran a 35 km and 55 km mountain trail race (MTR), respectively. Levels of creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB isoform (CK-MB), sarcomeric mitochondrial CK (sMtCK), transaminases (AST and ALT), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and fast (FM) and slow myosin (SM) isoforms, were assessed before, 1 h, 24 h and 48 h after the beginning of MTR. Significant SM increases were found at 24 h in the 55 km group. Levels of CK, CK-MB, AST and cTnI were significantly elevated in both groups following MTR, but in the 55 km group they tended to stabilize in at 48 h. Using pooled data, time-independent serum peaks of SM and CK-MB were significantly correlated. Moreover, concentration of sMtCK was significantly elevated at 1 and 24 h after the race in the 35 km group. Although training volume could confer protection on the mitochondria, the increase in serum CK-MB and SM in the 55 km group might be related to damage to the contractile apparatus type I fibres. Competing in long-distance MTRs might be related to deeper type I muscle fibre damage, even in highly trained individuals
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Simpson, Richard J., Martin R. Wilson, James R. Black, James A. Ross, Greg P. Whyte, Keith Guy y Geraint D. Florida-James. "Immune Alterations, Lipid Peroxidation, and Muscle Damage Following a Hill Race". Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 30, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 2005): 196–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h05-115.
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Hill races usually include large downhill running sections, which can induce significant degrees of muscle damage in a field setting. This study examined the link between muscle damage, oxidative stress, and immune perturbations following a 7-km mountainous hill race with 457 m of ascent and 457 m of descent. Venous blood samples were taken from 7 club level runners before, immediately after, and 48 hrs postrace. Samples were analysed for total and differential leukocyte counts, markers of muscle damage (CK), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and acute phase proteins (CRP; fibrinogen; α-1-ACT). The total antioxidant status (TEAC) and plasma levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were also determined. Subjective pain reports, and plasma activities of CK, MDA, and circulatory monocytes reached peak values at 48 hrs postrace (p < 0.05). TEAC and the cytokine IL-8 increased immediately after the race (p < 0.05). Plasma TNF-α remained unchanged (p > 0.05). Despite the reports of muscle damage and soreness, no evidence of an acute phase response was observed (p > 0.05), which may be explained by the failure of the race to induce a plasma TNF-α response. Future studies should examine the link between muscle damage, oxidative stress, and the acute phase response following hill races of longer duration with larger eccentric components. Key words: acute phase response, cytokines, antioxidant capacity, creatine kinase, field study
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Rauh, Mitchell J., Micah C. Garcia, David M. Bazett-Jones, Jason T. Long, Kevin R. Ford, Mark V. Paterno y Jeffery A. Taylor-Haas. "Comparison of Y-Balance Test Performance by maturation status in youth distance runners". Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, n.º 7_suppl3 (1 de julio de 2021): 2325967121S0008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00084.
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Background: Distance running is a popular interscholastic sport, but also has an associated high risk of running-related injuries. Recent literature suggests that functional tests may help to identify athletes at increased risk of injury. The Y-Balance Test (YBT) is an objective measure used to assess functional muscle strength and balance and to expose asymmetries between tested limbs. Purpose: To determine if YBT performance was associated with maturation status in healthy, youth distance runners. We hypothesized that mid-pubertal (MP) runners would demonstrate less functional reach distance than pre-pubertal (PrP) or post-pubertal (PoP) runners. Methods: A convenience sample of 142 (Females: n=79, Males: n=63) uninjured youth runners (ages 13.5±2.7 years; weekly running distance: 18.2±20.4 km) were recruited from the local community. All runners met inclusion criteria, indicating that they were between 9 and 19 years old and participated in long-distance running activities such as school/club track and field, cross country, road races, trail running, and/or soccer. The runners completed a modified Pubertal Maturational Observation Scale (PMOS), then were screened for right (R) and left (L) anterior (ANT), posteromedial (PM) and posterolateral (PL) reach distances (cm) normalized by lower limb length (cm). Composite reach distance was calculated by the sum of the three reach distances divided by three times the limb length multiplied by 100 for R and L limbs. ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests were used to compare maximum normalized reach distances for the three directions and composite reach distance by maturation status and sex. Results: Overall, 31.7% were classified as PrP status, 26.1% as MP, and 42.3% as PoP, with similar percentages by sex ( p=0.84). The only significant mean difference was found for R ANT maximum normalized reach distance between PrP and PoP ( p=0.02), indicating a greater normalized reach in PrP athletes. No significant mean differences were found for R or L PM and PL maximum normalized reach distances, or for R or L composite reach distances, by maturation status or when stratified by maturation and sex ( p>0.05). Conclusions: In this sample of youth runners, the YBT was only a discriminator of anterior reach distance between pre-pubertal and post-pubertal runners. As decreased anterior reach is associated with reduced quadriceps muscle strength and anterior knee pain, reduced anterior reach in post-pubertal runners may potentially signify an increased risk of sustaining a running-related injury. Thus, preventive efforts to ensure good functional quadriceps muscle strength may be merited.
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Robinson, Sarah L., Clara Kulich, Cristina Aelenei y Vincenzo Iacoviello. "Political Ideology Modifies the Effect of Glass Cliff Candidacies on Election Outcomes for Women in American State Legislative Races (2011–2016)". Psychology of Women Quarterly 45, n.º 2 (2 de marzo de 2021): 155–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684321992046.
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Research on glass cliff political candidacies shows that compared to men, women are more likely to run for office in districts where they are likely to lose. We examined if party differences in whether female candidates face these worse conditions in the United States could account for persistent and growing party and state variation in women’s representation. Using election data from 2011 to 2016, we compared Republican versus Democratic candidacies at the state legislative level. We found that women in both parties faced glass cliffs in House races, but not in the Senate. For Republican women, glass cliff conditions accounted for worse election outcomes, but Democratic women were more likely to win when these conditions were considered. Variation in party by state measures of glass cliff effects were also found to explain state variation in women’s office holding. We found that for Democrats, more women win when more women run, but for Republicans, more women win only when the seats they face are more winnable. These results point to the role of polarized traditional versus progressive political ideologies in structuring the motives which underlie glass cliff conditions for women in politics, suggesting that practical solutions be tailored to party. To overcome the growing gap in women’s representation, current efforts to increase the quantity of women running would be complemented by a focus on improving the quality of contests they face, with Republican women most likely to benefit. Further research attending to the multiple sources of variation which impact gendered election outcomes can inform more targeted solutions for advancing equality. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ's website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684321992046
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Loland, Sigmund. "Caster Semenya, athlete classification, and fair equality of opportunity in sport". Journal of Medical Ethics 46, n.º 9 (20 de julio de 2020): 584–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2019-105937.
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According to the Differences of Sex Development (DSD) Regulations of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), Caster Semenya and other athletes with heightened testosterone levels are considered non-eligible for middle distance running races in the women’s class. Based on an analysis of fair equality of opportunity in sport, I take a critical look at the Semenya case and at IAAF’s DSD Regulations. I distinguish between what I call stable and dynamic inequalities between athletes. Stable inequalities are those that athletes cannot impact or control in any significant way such as inequalities in biological sex, body size and chronological age. Dynamic inequalities, such as inequalities in strength, speed and endurance, or in technical and tactical skills, can be impacted and to a certain extent controlled by athletes. If stable inequalities exert significant and systematic impact on performance, they provide a rationale for classification. If high testosterone level is an inborn, strong and systemic driver of performance development, inequalities in such levels can provide a rationale for classification. As is emphasised by the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), this leads to a dilemma of rights: the right of Semenya to compete in sport according to her legal sex and gender identity, and the right of other athletes within the average female testosterone range to compete under fair conditions. I conclude with providing conditional support of the CAS decision in the Semenya case and of IAAF’s DSD Regulations.
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Bozianu, Dominic y Leighton Jones. "Exploring the use of music during ultramarathons using a think-aloud procedure". Graduate Journal of Sports Science, Coaching, Management, & Rehabilitation 1, n.º 3 (7 de junio de 2024): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/gjsscmr.v1i3.1551.
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Introduction: ultrarunning is a rapidly growing sport and is receiving increased attention in scientific literature. Ultrarunning is the act of running ultramarathons, defined as any distance over a marathon (42.2 km). Some ultramarathons are run over a set time e.g., 12 hours. Ultrarunners face many different challenges throughout their races, including injuries and pain, thoughts of quitting, and boredom (Holt et al., 2014, Sport Psych, 28, 22-35). The application of music during sports and exercise has been shown to be a powerful psychological and ergogenic aid, however, there is a dearth of studies exploring how music is applied in ultrarunning. Previous research around ultramarathons has typically used interviews or a range of scales to collect data (Watkins et al., 2022, Psych Sport Ex, 63, 102271). Think-Aloud (TA) procedures have been used in studies involving shorter distance running (Johnson et al., 2023, Int J Sport Ex Psych) but have not yet been applied to ultrarunning. Accordingly, the present study uses a TA approach to capture ultramarathoners’ thoughts and feelings during an event where they listen to music. Method: ten participants completed a two-stage training procedure of TA to conform with established procedures (McGreary et al., 2024, Sport Ex Perf Psych). The TA procedure permits recording of real-time thoughts. The first stage consists of two problems: a multiplication problem, and an anagram-based problem. The second stage involves thinking aloud for a short period while on a training run. Following the training, participants recorded their thoughts at six time points around their event: before the race, after 1 mile, at 30, 60, and 90% into the race, and within five minutes of race completion. Data Analysis: thematic analysis will be undertaken on the transcribed data and will follow standard procedures. Applications: TA has not been applied in ultrarunning previously and its use in the present study can offer evidence to its future feasibility for similar research. Findings of this study will inform the practical application of music around ultramarathon events, with insights offered for athletes and coaches. Moreover, recommendations will be made as to when music could be applied during an event to maximise its effects. These findings will be couched within contemporary conceptual frameworks for applying music in sport and exercise contexts and offer fresh insight into how these models could be expanded to consider ultra-endurance events more fully.
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Scott, Johan. "Regspraak: ’n Tydige waarskuwing dat waaksaamheid van sowel deelnemers as omstanders by padwedlope – ’n oënskynlik nie-riskante sportsoort – verwag kan word". Tydskrif vir die Suid-Afrikaanse Reg 2023, n.º 2 (2023): 332–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/tsar/2023/i2a9.
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In South Africa road-running has developed into a very popular sport over the last few years. Those participating in it range from novices to professionals, the homeless to billionaires. Notwithstanding the vast numbers of participants, spectators and other bystanders present at road-running events, very few injuries and fatalities have thus far been recorded, and then exclusively in respect of participants. Cases of injuries or fatalities to spectators and bystanders can rather be expected in other forms of sport and recreation such as cricket, rugby, golf and car races, although our jurisprudence is devoid of any such examples, with one exception, namely Clark v Welsh (1975 4 SA 469 (W); 1976 3 SA 484 (A)), containing extensive obiter dicta applicable to spectator injuries. In the USA there have been some development regarding the law applicable to spectator injuries, while English law contains only a few judgments dealing specifically with this topic. In both American and English law it would appear that delictual liability for the causing of injury to spectators and other bystanders is mostly dependent on a finding of negligence, although the doctrine of volenti non fit iniuria also features in some cases. In the case at hand, Kalmer, a well-known top South African Olympian, seriously injured a spectator/bystander, Salie, who had negligently stepped into the runners’ path, by running into her at full speed during the annual Spar ladies’ race in Cape Town. In the Cape Town high court Salie failed in her damages claim against both Western Province Athletics who had organised the event, and Kalmer. The court found no negligence in the conduct of both defendants. Salie subsequently passed away and her appeal to the full Cape court was brought by Davids in her capacity as executrix of the latter’s deceased estate. The appeal partially succeeded, as the court found Kalmer to have been negligent. The court issued an order based on section 1(1)(a) of the Apportionment of Damages Act in terms of which the appellant could recover only 30 per cent of proven damages in view of a finding of 70 per cent contributory negligence on Salie’s part. Gamble J first dealt with the claim against Kalmer. After meticulously analysing the evidence, he found that she had been negligent because she could have avoided the accident by keeping a better lookout – based on case law applicable to the drivers of motor vehicles in collision cases, with reference inter alia to drivers’ reaction times. Furthermore, it was held that the injured Salie had not been a spectator in the strict sense of the word, but an occasional bystander, rendering the case law applicable to spectators useless. It is argued that the court erred in this regard, mainly because the analogy drawn between the conduct of an athlete such as Kalmer and the driver of a motor vehicle in ordinary traffic is a strained one. A better analogy would have been that of a racing driver during the Monte Carlo F1 race, or a cyclist in the Tour de France contest. Furthermore, the court contradicted itself in characterising Salie as a disconnected bystander on the one hand, and someone fully aware of her surroundings on the other hand. It is further argued that the outcome of this appeal would mean that top athletes who have developed a successful running style over a prolonged period – which style has the effect that they cannot keep a proper lookout over longer distances (as in this case) – would have to adapt their style according to the specific venues of events, which is unacceptable as it would adversely affect their performance. Although the court favoured Kalmer (or her insurer) with its reduction of the amount of damages to be proven by 70 per cent, she was held responsible for the appellant’s legal costs. Furthermore, the reduced amount of damages will probably still be considerable. This is an extremely unfair outcome for a top performer who merely exercised her sport in an accepted way to achieve her best performance. It is suggested that Kalmer should have presented expert evidence on the effect of running style and related factors on performance, which would have enabled her to prove that her style was acceptable and should not have been found to form the basis of negligence.
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Diez, Y., M. Fort, M. Korman y J. A. Sellarès. "Group evolution patterns in running races". Information Sciences 479 (abril de 2019): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2018.11.044.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Running races in art"
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Tallam, Sriraman Madapusi. "Fault Location and Avoidance in Long-Running Multithreaded Applications". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194927.
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Faults are common-place and inevitable in complex applications. Hence, automated techniques are necessary to analyze failed executions and debug the application to locate the fault. For locating faults in programs, dynamic slices have been shown to be very effective in reducing the effort of debugging. The user needs to inspect only a small subset of program statements to get to the root cause of the fault. While prior work has primarily focussed on single-threaded programs, this dissertation shows how dynamic slicing can be used for fault location in multithreaded programs. This dissertation also shows that dynamic slices can be used to track down faults due to data races in multithreaded programs by incorporating additional data dependences that arise in the presence of many threads. In order to construct the dynamic slices, dependence traces are collected and processed. However, program runs generate traces in the order of Gigabytes in a few seconds. Hence, for multithreaded program runs that are long-running, the process of collecting and storing these traces poses a significant challenge. This dissertation proposes two techniques to overcome this challenge. Experiments indicate that the techniques combined can reduce the size of the traces by 3 orders of magnitude. For applications that are critical and for which down time is highly detrimental, techniques for surviving software failures and letting the execution continue are desired. This dissertation proposes one such technique to recover applications from a class of faults that are caused by the execution environment and prevent the fault in future runs. This technique has been successfully used to avoid faults in a variety of applications caused due to thread scheduling, heap overflow, and malformed user requests. Case studies indicate that, for most environment bugs, the point in the execution where the environment modification is necessary can be clearly pin-pointed by using the proposed system and the fault can be avoided in the first attempt. The case studies also show that the patches needed to prevent the different faults are simple and the overhead induced by the system during the normal run of the application is less than 10 \%, on average.
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Bosch, Andrew Norman. "A comparative study of acute responses to running in elite black and white marathon athletes". Thesis, Rhodes University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001839.
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Experienced male marathon runners, 9 black and 10 white, with marathon times of 2 hours 45 minutes or faster, acted as subjects for the study, the purpose of which was to determine whether black runners are better suited to marathon running than whites. Body composition was determined by anthropometry. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ max) and other physiological variables were measured during a continuous, speed-incremented treadmill protocol using a computer-aided data acquisition system. Subjects also ran a simulated marathon at 92.5% of the running speed at which the ventilatory threshold (VT) occurred. Physiological, gait and RPE variables were measured at 10 minute intervals during the marathon. Major findings are detailed below:- The VO₂, max averaged 60.4 ∓ 6.5 and 63.2 ∓ 2.9 mI. kg⁻¹.min⁻¹ in the black and white runners respectively and was highly correlated with best marathon race time (r = 0.86 and 0.85 respectively) and VT (r = 0.84 and 0.60 respectively) (p < 0.05). No significant differences existed between the groups in submaximal oxygen uptake (VO₂,) or % VO₂ max utilised at 16 km.hr⁻¹, but the estimated % VO₂ max utilised during a marathon race was higher in the black (89.0 ∓ 5.5%) than the white runners (81. 5 ∓ 3.1%) {p .( 0.05). The % VO₂ max utilised at 16 km.hr⁻¹ (84.8 ∓ 9.1 and 78.6 ∓ 5.8% in the black and white runners respectively) was significantly correlated with the % VO₂, max utilised while racing in the white (81.5 ∓ 3.1%) (r = 0.70) (p < 0.05), but not the black runners (89.0 ∓ 5.5%). The VT occurred at 82.7 ∓ 7.7 and 75.6 :∓ 6.2% VO₂; max in the black and white groups respectively (p < 0.05). Post-marathon blood lactic acid levels were lower in the black (1.30 ∓ 0.26 mmo1.l⁻¹) than the white runners (1.59 ∓ 0.20 mmol.l⁻¹). The respiratory exchange ratio (R) was higher in the blacks than whites when running at 16 km.hr ⁻¹ (1.03 ∓ 0.07 and 0.98 ∓ 0.03 respectively) and during the marathon (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in pulmonary minute ventilation (Vı) between the groups, but breathing frequency (f) was higher in the black (59 ∓ 12 breaths.min⁻¹) than the white runners (45 ∓ 8 breaths. min⁻¹ ) and tidal volume (V⊤) lower in the black ( 1.33 ∓ 0.16 l.breath⁻¹) than the white runners (1.75 ∓ 0.36 I.breath⁻¹) during submaximal running at 16 km. hr⁻¹ (p < 0.05). The same trend was observed during the marathon run. During the time-course of the marathon f increased and V⊤ decreased In both groups (p < 0.05). Stroke volume decreased and heart rate increased In both groups during the time-course of the marathon (p< 0.05). Cardiac output was therefore maintained. Thermal responses were similar in the two groups. A significant increase in rectal temperature coincided with a decrease in skin temperature and may have been related to an increase in f (r = 0.86 and 0.67 in the blacks and whites respectively), H/R (r = 0.70 and 0.67 respectively) and "local" (leg) RPE (r = 0.84 and 0.82 respectively). It was concluded that black runners were able to run marathon races at a higher % VO₂ more than whites due to the blacks having lower blood lactic acid levels when running at a similar % VO₂ max. Given similar maximal oxygen uptakes, this would enable blacks to run faster. Cardiopulmonary adjustments occur during the time-course of a marathon which maintains Q and Vı
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Jackson, Megan Renee y Megan Renee Jackson. "Running Bodies: Contemporary Art's Histories". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621284.
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The basic, universal movement of the running body has been repeated and made visible in aesthetic, scientific, and political debates. Such debates of the body may depend on live movements in real space-time, movements articulated by motion capture devices, or movements that exercise in imagination: a head of state who uses the running body to manipulate his political subject, for example, or a series of images taken from an optical motion capture system that simultaneously represents and dissects movement patterns of the body in its swiftest motions, or a sound art installation that voices the familiar dynamics of running steps and heavy breathing. In each instance, the bodily practice of running is extracted from its seemingly unmediated everyday, placed instead within aesthetic methodologies and technologies to scrutinize the movement and its complex of meanings. This action is meant to reveal that real experience-that nonfictional movement, as it were-of the body running, to see into the rhetorical, cultural productions of our public, bodily realities. I begin this inquiry by defining the term "running body" and examining the manner in which that body was scientifically observed and aesthetically codified in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Then, the running body is investigated in experimental choreography, visual arts, and political demonstrations in the 1960s and 1970s. Thirdly, I will address the use of the actual running body within contemporary art exhibitions, as either an intervention or interruption to accustomed meaning-making within traditional spaces for art. At the dissertation's end will be an exploration of the running body as a critical method for reorienting the narrative of contemporary history with image technologies, art installation devices, and the moving body. This study demonstrates that if, at the very base of our existence, our bodies move the world and, in turn, the world around us moves our body, this same reciprocity can hold true in shaping historical consciousness and self-consciousness.
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Zhang, Xin. "An investigation of the management and socio-economic impacts of the 2006 Old Mutual Two Oceans Marathon". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1602.
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Thesis (MTech (Tourism and Hospitality Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007.South Africa is a fast growing and developing sport tourism destination and has hosted various international sport tourism events. With specific reference to the 2006 Old Mutual Two Oceans Marathon (OMTOM), which is considered one the most beautiful marathons in the world, this study focuses on different stakeholders' perceptions concerning the management and socio-economic impacts of sport tourism events. Questionnaire surveys for spectators (n=200), participants (n=200) and residents (n=400), as well as key informant interviews for established businesses (n=20), stallholders/exhibitors (n=20), sponsors (n=4), the event organiser (n=1) and the destination marketing organisation (n=1), were designed specifically for this study. Spatially-based random sampling for spectators and participants, was implemented, while purposive sampling for residents, stallholders/exhibitors, established businesses, sponsors, the event organiser and CTRU, were adopted to collect data. Volume counts were undertaken to estimate the number of spectators, while the number of participants was provided by the event organisers. The direct economic impact of the total of the event's contribution to the local economy was ascertained by utilising spending patterns of the spectators and participants. The contribution of the event to the local economy is estimated at R44.7 million, which is relatively significant. The event is diverse in terms of spectators and participants. The stakeholders were generally satisfied with the event organisation. Engendering community pride, utilising a sport tourism event as a regional showcase and providing economic opportunities for local businesses in terms of leveraging opportunities, were key benefits for local businesses and residents in close proximity to the race route. However, problems such as traffic congestion and insufficient parking were raised by all stakeholders and there is still room for improvement in this area as well as the management on the day of the event. The study reveals that there is a greater need to consider attendees' motivations, spending patterns, perceptions and altitudes, demographic profiles, the dire need for community involvement, as well as current and possible event leveraging opportunities for local businesses to enhance the management and positive impacts of sport tourism events. Furthermore, this study also provides holistic information to manage sport tourism events and to retain standard service quality, fulfil customer satisfaction and generate more economic, socio-cultural benefits for the tourist destination in a sustainable manner. Stakeholders can share information, which would improve relevant performance problems in the sport tourism event industry, moreover, effectively make management decisions and assess the socio-economic impacts of sport tourism events.
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Patimo, Melania <1995>. "Races of Monsters or Monstrous Races? How Identitarian Claims and Aesthetic Discourse Shaped Colonial Interpretative Perceptions on Hindu Religious Art". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15854.
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Since ancient times, the encounter with faraway and exotic people has captivated the curiosity of Western armchair travelers and, in the meantime, has set in motion a query about identity, questioning who is the ‘other’ and how should it be conceived, thus triggering a supremacist struggle.
But, has the quest for identity an impact over the way we perceive the world? To what extent?
And how does the cultural background mediate for the aesthetic interpretation of ‘other’ artistic streams?
In this final MA thesis, I focused my attention on the strong relationship between identitarian policies related to racial claims, and monstrosity, showing how these two aspects came to mold and affect different mindsets when they came to interpret the world, in particular other artistic forms. Albeit it is clear that aesthetic gradients vary from one culture to another so that it resulted in diverse beauty canons, monstrosity is an evergreen aspect common to human communities all over the world, from the Greek civilization and even before, until today, because “there is a deep-seated emotional need for monsters in our world of imagination. […] To me, this expresses a universal need that transcends local considerations” (Mitter, 2012, p. 341). In this sense racial orientalist claims and the cultural-mediated conception of monstrosity came to shape the colonial English approach towards Indian art, depicting the Hindu gods as pagan monsters, whereas Gandharan Buddhist sculpture as a magnificent manufacture because of its inherited Hellenized 'influences'.
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Cazzola, D. "INVESTIGATING THE METABOLIC PROFILE OF RUN-UP RACES AND THE MECHANICS OF WOBBLING VISCERAL MASS IN VERTICAL JUMPS". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150073.
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This Thesis is organized in two parts based on two different investigations about human
motion: the metabolic and mechanical analysis of ‘skyscraper running’, and the estimation
of the visceral mass displacement in vertical jumps.
Skyscraper running is a novel sport activity, in which the athletes run on emergency stairs
of the tallest building of the world, during the ‘run up’ races of the world championship
circuit. In PART I of this Thesis, this topic has been analysed in terms of mechanical and
metabolic requirements, both at general and individual level.
Skyscraper runners’metabolic profile, has been inferred from the total mechanical power
estimated in 36 world records (48-421 m tall buildings), ranked by gender and age range.
Individual athlete’s performance (n=13) has been experimentally investigated during the
Pirelli Vertical Sprint, with data loggers for altitude and heart rate. At a general level, a
non-linear regression of Wilkie’s model relating maximal mechanical power to event
duration, revealed the gender and age differences in term of maximum aerobic power and
anaerobic energy resources particularly needed at the beginning of the race. The total
mechanical power was found to be partitioned among: the fraction devolved to raise the
body centre of mass:
W˙ STA.EXT = 80.4 ± 2.9%, the need to accelerate the limbs with respect
to the body:
W˙ STA.INT = 4.5 ± 2.1%, and running in turns between flights of stairs:
W˙ TUR =15.1 ± 2.0%. At the individual level, experiments revealed that these athletes show a
metabolic profile similar to middle-distance runners. Furthermore, best skyscraper runners
keep constant vertical speed and heart rate throughout the race, while others suddenly
decelerate, negatively affecting the race performance.
In PART II of this Thesis another interesting study has been discussed: the mechanics of
visceral mass motion in vertical jumps. This internal mass motion could occur in all the
locomotion paradigms, and also in all the movements characterized by a high centre of mass vertical displacement. Moreover, visceral mass shows significant couplings with the
respiratory system, as has been discussed in the past in famous studies on quadruped
locomotion. Here viscera motion has been analyzed in a simple and well know motor task
as the vertical jump, focusing on the effect of respiratory and muscle contractions
strategies to limit its displacement, and to improve trunk-pelvis segment stiffness.
A validated method for the estimation of visceral mass displacement has been applied during jump sequences with two different techniques: six subjects before and after a specific training period, executed the natural jump and the “controlled” jump sessions. In
that method, the simultaneous measurement of ground reaction forces and spatial
coordinates allow the estimation of the relative movement between the ‘invisible’ abdomen
content and the ‘container’, i.e. the rest of the body as described by the position of external
markers.
The results show a significantly higher (p < 0.05 – paired t-test) mean of visceral mass
displacement (Total = 0.087 ± s.d. 0.021 m) of all the subjects, in normal jumps, compared
to the mean of visceral mass displacement (Total = 0.070 ± s.d. 0.027 m) in controlled
jumps. An analysis of variance (ANOVA 2-ways) shows a significant effect of jump
technique but also of subject and jump-subject interaction, confirming an elevated
variability between the subjects. A intraclass-correlation exhibit a significant pattern (ICC=
0.791; p = 0.017) and in 5 of 6 subjects, there is a higher mean nominal value of VMD in
normal jumps. Also pectorals and low abdominal fat displacements has been measured,
showing mean values (weighted by a scaling factor) of 4.5×10-4 m and 8.9×10-4 m in
normal jumps, and 4.5×10-4 m and 9.6×10-4 m in controlled jumps respectively.
A quantitative and qualitative analysis on visceral mass displacement curve has been
completed for both the jumping techniques: a comparison with the ‘periodic’ curve of body
centre of mass show a constant delay (‘phase shift’) with a mean value of 18.1 ± s.d. 5.73
ms during the aerial phase and 18.8 ± s.d. 9.8 ms in the landing phase.
Finally a preliminary estimation of the internal mass vibration parameters has been
showed: the mean values and s.d. of the stiffness in normal and controlled jumps are k1=
18.2 ± 13.5 KN/m and k2= 17.9 ± 12.1 KN/m respectively, while the damping constant
mean values and s.d. are c1 300.3 ± 170.7 N/(m/s) is and c2 is 287.3 ± 129.8 N/(m/s).
For the first time, a method for the estimation of visceral mass displacement, useful in
biomechanics and in locomotion-respiratory coupling investigations, has been used in an
applied condition. The effects of the “controlled” jumping techniques using respiration and
muscles contraction strategies to limit viscera displacement has been demonstrated. The
displacement of visceral mass and the body frame have been quantified and compared, and
a preliminary estimation of vibration parameter of the internal system has been showed.
We foresee an increasing interest in sports biomechanics to improve athletes jumping
performance, as well as in the energetics and biomechanics of locomotion.
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Kroiz, Lauren. "New races, new media : the struggle for a modern American art, 1890-1925". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45940.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 347-369).
American modernism was formulated at the turn of the twentieth century, when artists and intellectuals became newly self-conscious of their aesthetic strategies in a rapidly urbanizing United States. During that same period, new immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe poured into the U.S., native-born black and white Americans undertook internal migrations to northern cities, and advances in the technology of image making - photography, film, and even improvements in the graphic reproduction of caricature in newspapers - provoked uncertainty in the art world. This dissertation explores the intersections of these two trajectories in period artworks and debates about artistic medium, examining how notions of America as a diverse nation operated at an aesthetic and a cultural level.The immigrant critics and practitioners at the center of my study - Japanese-German critic Sadakichi Hartmann, Mexican-born artist Marius De Zayas, and English-Sri Lankan curator Ananda K. Coomaraswamy - each formed conflicted partnerships with the American photographer Alfred Stieglitz. These allies attacked America's homogeneous arts, positioning themselves as critical hybrid outsiders, and identifying marginal media as means by which to devise and theorize a new art in the U.S. This dissertation examines three episodes in their formulation of American modernism, arguing that each aesthetic breakthrough informed and was informed by a double debate: one occurring in the political and cultural sphere, and a parallel discourse about artistic media themselves.
(cont.) Part one traces the origins of "straight" photography in relation to the nascent philosophy of cultural pluralism (1895-1907); part two explores caricature's role as a hybrid medium for negotiating between African and modern European art (1907-1917); and part three examines how the motion picture served to engage both popular white nativism and avant-garde celebration of ethnic spiritualism (1917-1925). With independent expressive properties, each art form could restructure the artistic canon and enable the formulation of what I term a "composite" American modernism.Formalist criticism has used medium specificity to isolate the study of art from other modes of history writing, but this dissertation restores a crucial historical context for modernist media theory to reveal that the ongoing American dilemma of integrating difference lies at the heart of American modernism.
by Lauren Kroiz.
Ph.D.
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Dean, Corinna. "Establishing the Tate Modern Cultural Quarter : social and cultural regeneration through art and architecture". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/983/.
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The focus of my PhD is to examine the role of cultural regeneration through arts and architecture using Tate Modern as the principal case study. My analysis questions the role of culture in acting as an urban regeneration tool in north Southwark and in London more widely and how cultural output connects with those who influence the urban environment of Tate Modern. I begin by examining the ways in which the establishment of Tate Modern as an internationally acclaimed gallery of art has influenced the cultural regeneration of Bankside and London more broadly. I discuss local planning policy in which the former Power Station was situated, in order to understand the impact of the subsequent gallery of art socially and economically. I then discuss the wider ramifications of the establishment of Tate Modern by examining the recent history of developments around Tate Modern, in relation to the changing urban environment, as well as the jostling for urban ʻimaginariesʼ that potentially prioritises one direction of urban growth over another. In discussing how the regeneration affected the social conditions and concepts of community I consider how the institution adopted and implemented a strategy of inclusion towards the local community prior to its opening in 2000. Through my research I embedded myself within key grass roots organisations working directly or alongside Tate Modern (Better Bankside and Bankside Open Space Trust) and the local community in order to gain close access and observation of and into the field. Key to this project is identifying how the public interact with the gallery, and the ability of the building to act as a key urban element by knitting the hitherto underused North Southwark site into the surrounding urban fabric, whilst at the same time enabling key connections through and across the site. The focus of my research narrows from a micro to the macro-analysis in which, central to resolving the debate about the unique urban potential of the site and the building and institutionʼs ability to extend a definition of public within the urban environment, I focus on the spatial condition of the Turbine Hall. My analysis of the Turbine Hall as a public space, mediated through a major arts institution, enables me to arrive at a definition of public, which transgresses the urban and art sphere. This research is supported by an architectural theoretical analysis combined with art theory, and examines primary research material made up of photographic images posted on the social networking site Flickr as well as my own photographic images of the area.
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Williams, Claire Marie. "“The Rise of Skirt Culture”: A Multi-Faceted Analysis of Running Skirts and the Skirt Chaser 5k Race Series". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1280789526.
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Fairweather, Lindon P. "Models to estimate arrival counts and staffing requirements in nonstationary queueing systems applied to long distance road races". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4890.
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As the traffic intensity gets lower, we find that staffing results based on the PASB are similar to staffing results based on the Erlang loss formula. These findings suggest that the PASB can be a valuable tool to aid race directors in making staffing decisions for races of all traffic intensities.; We examine the problem of staffing refreshment stations at a long distance road race. A race is modeled as a mixed queueing network in which the required number of servers at each service station has to be estimated. Two models to represent the progress of runners along a long distance road race course are developed. One model is a single-class model that allows a road race manager to staff service stations assuming the runners are identical to those in some historical dataset. Another model is a multi-class simulation model that allows a road race manager to simulate a race of any number of runners, classified based on their running pace into different runner classes. Both the single-class model and the multi-class model include estimates for the rates at which the runners arrive at specified locations along the course. The arrival rates, combined with assumed service rates, allow us to base staffing decisions on the Erlang loss formula or a lesser known staffing rule that gives a lower bound for the required number of servers. We develop a staffing strategy that we call the Peak Arrival Staffing Bound (PASB), which is based on this staffing bound. The PASB and the Erlang loss formula are implemented in the single-class model and the multi-class simulation model. By way of numerical experiments, we find that the PASB is numerically stable and can be used to get staffing results regardless of the traffic intensity. This finding is in contrast to the Erlang loss formula, which is known to become numerically unstable and overflows when the traffic intensity exceeds 171. We compare numerical results of the PASB and the Erlang loss formula with a blocking probability level of 5% and find that when the traffic intensity is high, staffing results based on the PASB are more conservative than staffing results based on the Erlang loss formula.ID: 030423488; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 122-126).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Libros sobre el tema "Running races in art"
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Lindsay, Edwards, ed. Running races. South Melbourne, Vic: Cengage Learning Australia, 2011.
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Eastman, Gil. Deaf mosaic. Washington, DC: Dept. of Television, Film, and Photography, Gallaudet University, 1992.
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Lyden, Robert M. Distance running. [S.l.]: The Running Book, 2003.
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Running for fitness, for sport, and for life. Dubuque, Iowa: W.C. Brown, 1985.
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Aaseng, Nathan. Ultramarathons: The world's most punishing races. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Co., 1987.
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Aaseng, Nathan. Ultramarathons: The world's most punishing races. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Co., 1987.
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Karnazes, Dean. Run!: 26.2 stories of blisters and bliss. Emmaus, Pa: Rodale, 2012.
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Karen, Rosen, ed. Sports illustrated track: Championship running. New York: Sports Illustrated, 1988.
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Nietz, Katie McDonald. Runner's world guide to road racing: Run your first (or fastest) 5-k, 10-k, half-marathon, or marathon. [Emmaus, Penn.]: Rodale, 2008.
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Bunion derby: The 1928 footrace across America. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2007.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Running races in art"
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Mann, Christian y Sebastian Scharff. "Horse Races and Chariot Races in Ancient Greece: Struggling for Eternal Glory". En The Running Centaur, 8–27. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003247654-2.
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Parnell, David Alan. "The Emperor and His People at the Chariot Races in Byzantium". En The Running Centaur, 78–90. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003247654-4.
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Jaser, Christian. "Urban Palio and Scharlach Races in Fifteenth- and Early Sixteenth-Century Italy and Germany". En The Running Centaur, 117–32. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003247654-6.
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Preez, Amanda du. "Running-As-If". En Art, the Sublime, and Movement, 61–84. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367501624-5.
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Parlangeli, Andrea. "“The Radio Says: The Racers Are Running Away…”". En A Pure Soul, 35–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05303-1_4.
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Crook, Paul B. "Working and Running". En The Art and Practice of Directing for Theatre, 145–56. New York : Routledge, 2016.: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315669588-10.
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Shaw, Becky. "Running across Subsidence, Following Leaks". En The Failures of Public Art and Participation, 116–35. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003161356-9.
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Warner, John-Michael H. "The Running Fence Corporation, LLC and Sociality". En Socially Engaged Art History and Beyond, 235–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43609-4_18.
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Nelson, Peter. "Tourism and Gun-Running in Counter-Strike: Global Offensive". En Computer Games As Landscape Art, 83–118. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37634-4_5.
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Jonker, Jan y Niels Faber. "The Art of Doing". En Organizing for Sustainability, 177–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78157-6_14.
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AbstractThe purpose of the Business Model Template (BMT) is to help you turn your idea into a viable project or organization. To illustrate this, two real-life case studies are offered in this chapter. Firstly, the KipCaravan project, which is a mobile home—a caravan—for chickens. It involves low-scale egg production in several locations. Secondly, the Sun at School NSV2 project in the city of Nijmegen. For both projects you will find a step-by-step description of the different routes followed. As you will see, the interpretation of the building blocks is different for every project and there is no best order in which to stack the building blocks. Bear in mind that both projects are still up and running successfully at the time of writing. These examples are shown in simplified versions and with the benefit of hindsight, of course. Perhaps the essence of doing business is having the courage to start without a ready-made recipe.
Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Running races in art"
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Bedore, Daniel B., Paul Crivelli y Nip Shah. "Considerations for Planning and Running Educational Engineering Contests". En ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-62368.
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Educational goals and other requirements to successfully run design contests for university engineering students are discussed. The authors held human powered submarine design contests and races in Escondido, California in the summers of 2000, 2002 and 2004. These events were specifically designed to expose university engineering students to the types of decisions and processes an engineer in industry would face 5–10 years after receiving a bachelor’s degree in engineering. In building a submarine for this contest, students gained technical expertise in conceptual and detail design and manufacturing, experience in teamwork and time management, and exposure to gaining funding and controlling expenditures. At the contest, oral presentations simulate industrial final design reviews, and races simulate functional tests and demonstrations for customers. Lessons and examples drawn from planning and running HPS2000, HPS2002, and HPS2004 are included and may be useful to persons planning similar educational engineering contests, and to contestants in such events.
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Pugachev, Igor'. "FACTOR IDENTIFICATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF CONDITION PREPAREDNESS OF MASTERS OF SAILING RACES ON YAL-6". En VII All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation "Sports Informatics Day". Russian Association of Computer Science in Sports, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62105/2949-6349-2024-1-s1-28-30.
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Factor analysis revealed the parameters that have the greatest communality: running for 1 and 3 km; pull-ups on the bar; lifting a kettlebell; 100 m swimming; 100 m running. Obviously, when three control exercises are included in the program, their communality indicators should be quite high.
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Pugachev, Igor'. "FACTOR IDENTIFICATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF CONDITION PREPAREDNESS OF MASTERS OF SAILING RACES ON YAL-6". En VII All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation "Sports Informatics Day". Russian Association of Computer Science in Sports, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62105/conferencearticle_65aec744b6a959.20907652.
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Factor analysis revealed the parameters that have the greatest communality: running for 1 and 3 km; pull-ups on the bar; lifting a kettlebell; 100 m swimming; 100 m. Obviously, when three control exercises are included in the program, their communality indicators should be quite high.
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Qiu, Liangheng y Jim Parejko. "Raceway Curvature Effect Analysis and Optimum Design on Ball Bearing Life Performance". En ASME/STLE 2004 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/trib2004-64031.
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The effect of raceway curvature on ball bearing contact stress and fatigue life is analyzed with both Hertzian theory and FEM. A numerical program and a 3-D FEM model are developed to calculate the contact stress and deformation at the bearing ball and raceway. The simulation results of the contact stress and deformation are discussed. The accuracy is evaluated by contrasting finite element results with analytical solutions from Hertzian theory. The effect of bearing race curvature on the contact maximum stress and area between ball and races is discussed. The results show that the race curvature is very sensitive factor to affect the bearing contact stress. The raceway curvature effect on the bearing thrust load capability and bearing running temperature is analyzed and discussed as well. For the validation, A. B. Jones’ program has been used to calculate bearing life with different raceway curvatures.
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Harris, Dougal, Giles Thomas y Martin Renilson. "A Time-Domain Simulation for Predicting the Downwind Performance of Yachts in Waves". En SNAME 15th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium. SNAME, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/csys-2001-007.
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Yachts racing in many of today's high profile races, such as the America's Cup and the Volvo Ocean Race, spend much time sailing downwind in following seas. The development of a method for predicting the performance of yachts sailing downwind in waves would therefore provide a valuable design tool for racing yacht designers. This paper describes the development of a timedomain simulation for predicting the performance of yachts sailing in irregular seas for apparent wind angles between 90 and 180 degrees. The simulation output may be used to either directly compare different designs or augment existing polar plots for the effect of a following sea. The simulation is comprised of three main modules: the wave induced longitudinal force, the resistance force and the sail aerodynamic force. The resistance and wave force modules have been validated through semi-captive model experiments. Results from the complete simulation have been compared with those obtained from free running model experiments. Numerical experiments on a number of hull and rig configurations have been conducted using the simulation. Results are presented with conclusions being drawn on the effect of hull form and environmental conditions on downwind performance.
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Shahsavari, Sajad, Eero Immonen, Masoomeh Karami, Hashem Haghbayan y Juha Plosila. "How to run a world record? A Reinforcement Learning approach". En 36th ECMS International Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2022-0159.
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Finding the optimal distribution of exerted effort by an athlete in competitive sports has been widely investigated in the fields of sport science, applied mathematics and optimal control. In this article, we propose a reinforcement learning-based solution to the optimal control problem in the running race application. Well-known mathematical model of Keller is used for numerically simulating the dynamics in runner's energy storage and motion. A feed-forward neural network is employed as the probabilistic controller model in continuous action space which transforms the current state (position, velocity and available energy) of the runner to the predicted optimal propulsive force that the runner should apply in the next time step. A logarithmic barrier reward function is designed to evaluate performance of simulated races as a continuous smooth function of runner's position and time. The neural network parameters, then, are identified by maximizing the expected reward using on-policy actor-critic policy-gradient RL algorithm. We trained the controller model for three race lengths: 400, 1500 and 10000 meters and found the force and velocity profiles that produce a near-optimal solution for the runner's problem. Results conform with Keller's theoretical findings with relative percent error of 0.59% and are comparable to real world records with relative percent error of 2.38%, while the same error for Keller's findings is 2.82%.
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Arnold, Gerald E. "Exploring the Potential for the Application of Ceramic Bearing Technology to the Wheel/Rail Interface". En ASME/IEEE 2007 Joint Rail Conference and Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc/ice2007-40043.
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Ball or roller bearings have much in common with a railway wheel running on a rail. Both have high Hertzian stresses and are subject to rolling contact fatigue. Silicone Nitride (Si3N4), a Technical Ceramic, has now firmly established itself in the engineering marketplace as part of a hybrid bearing, where the rolling elements are silicone nitride and the races are steel. The paper explores the possibility of a Silicon Nitride/steel wheel/rail combination and finds that, because Silicon Nitride has a higher Modulus of Elasticity, it is not suitable as a direct replacement on existing systems, because it would produce a smaller contact patch and greater contact stress. The low toughness of Silicon Nitride in comparison to steel could be an obstacle to its general railway use, however, it could made into a composite material in the same manner as Carbon Reinforced Silicon Carbide (C/SiC) is used in brake discs. There is a possibility that, under the right conditions, Silicon Nitride could return very low wear rates, because of its extreme hardness, and because it’s excellent resistance to rolling contact fatigue (noted in hybrid bearings). This could give a wheel high mileage, without the need to remove fatigued material by controlled wear or by turning. A promising future application for the material is a cable-hauled system, where the predicted lower adhesion between Silicon Nitride and a steel rail is not a problem and the wheels are not required to be conductive.
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Romanowski, Andrzej, Sven Mayer, Lars Lischke, Krzysztof Grudzień, Tomasz Jaworski, Izabela Perenc, Przemysław Kucharski, Mohammad Obaid, Tomasz Kosizski y Paweł W. Wozniak. "Towards Supporting Remote Cheering during Running Races with Drone Technology". En CHI '17: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3027063.3053218.
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Oliveira, Guilherme, Joao Comba, Rafael Torchelsen, Maristela Padilha y Claudio Silva. "Visualizing Running Races through the Multivariate Time-Series of Multiple Runners". En 2013 XXVI SIBGRAPI - Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images (SIBGRAPI). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sibgrapi.2013.23.
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Hrušová, Dagmar. "Development Of Running Races And Theirs Attendance: A Study Of Hradec Králové". En 7th icCSBs 2018 - The Annual International Conference on Cognitive - Social, and Behavioural Sciences. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.02.02.46.
Texto completoInformes sobre el tema "Running races in art"
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Nishimura, Masatsugu, Yoshitaka Tezuka, Enrico Picotti, Mattia Bruschetta, Francesco Ambrogi y Toru Yoshii. Study of Rider Model for Motorcycle Racing Simulation. SAE International, enero de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-32-0572.
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Various rider models have been proposed that provide control inputs for the simulation of motorcycle dynamics. However, those models are mostly used to simulate production motorcycles, so they assume that all motions are in the linear region such as those in a constant radius turn. As such, their performance is insufficient for simulating racing motorcycles that experience quick acceleration and braking. Therefore, this study proposes a new rider model for racing simulation that incorporates Nonlinear Model Predictive Control. In developing this model, it was built on the premise that it can cope with running conditions that lose contact with the front wheels or rear wheels so-called "endo" and "wheelie", which often occur during running with large acceleration or deceleration assuming a race. For the control inputs to the vehicle, we incorporated the lateral shift of the rider's center of gravity in addition to the normally used inputs such as the steering angle, throttle position, and braking force. We compared the performance of the new model with that of the conventional model under constant radius cornering and straight braking, as well as complex braking and acceleration in a single (hairpin) corner that represented a racing run. The results showed that the new rider model outperformed the conventional model, especially in the wider range of running speed usable for a simulation. In addition, we compared the simulation results for complex braking and acceleration in a single hairpin corner produced by the new model with data from an actual race and verified that the new model was able to accurately simulate the run of actual MotoGP riders.
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Bruce. L52282 State-of-the-Art Assessment of Alternative Casing Repair Methods. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), julio de 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010195.
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Many natural gas storage wells suffer damage during normal storage operations. Storage operators spend upwards of $100 million per year recovering lost deliverability. Damage to casings in gas storage wells is largely the result of localized loss of metal from corrosion; however, other types of damage do occur. Individual corrosion pits can be found either on the inside or outside of the casing wall. Repair methods that are currently used for natural gas storage well casings include patches, plugs, liners, etc. While currently-used repair methods can be a cost-effective means of repairing damaged casings as compared to the cost of running an entirely new casing, there is a need to identify and develop alternative casing repair methods that are more economical and/or do not have inherent operational disadvantages. Many of the current repair methods are proprietary, and as a result, are relatively costly to perform. In addition, many of these repair methods (e.g., tube and packer system repairs) result in a decreased cross-sectional area, which creates operational limitations due to flow restrictions and reduces the ability to perform well logging operations. The objective of this project was to review current state-of-the-art casing repair technologies to identify more cost effective alternatives. The most prominent form of underground U.S. gas storage is depleted reservoirs. American Petroleum Institute specification 5CT contains the industry standard design guidance for new casings; however, there are no industry standard repair procedures and each state has their own. The most common state required repair integrity test is pressure testing. Casings must withstand tensile, burst, and collapse loads. Most state repair procedures do not specify a target mechanical property that defines repair success. It is therefore easy to assume that a repair should return a casing back to its original integrity level; however, it may not be necessary. The major types of damage mechanisms are corrosion, threaded connection separation, sealant leaks, split casings, and drill bit damage. While a literature search indicated that the most commonly used types of cost effective repair processes are squeezes, liners, and plating, industry feedback indicated that liner repair is the most commonly used repair process. Adhesively bonded, helically-wound, steel strip repair and magnetic pulse welding are the most promising alternative repair technologies identified, mainly because both are applicable for a broad range of damage types and as an alternative to both traditional casing liner and expandable tubular repair technologies.
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McIntyre, Phillip, Susan Kerrigan y Marion McCutcheon. Australian Cultural and Creative Activity: A Population and Hotspot Analysis: Albury-Wodonga. Queensland University of Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.206966.
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Albury-Wodonga, situated in Wiradjuri country, sits astride the Murray River and has benefitted in many ways from its almost equidistance from Sydney and Melbourne. It has found strength in the earlier push for decentralisation begun in early 1970s. A number of State and Federal agencies have ensured middle class professionals now call this region home. Light industry is a feature of Wodonga while Albury maintains the traditions and culture of its former life as part of the agricultural squattocracy. Both Local Councils are keen to work cooperatively to ensure the region is an attractive place to live signing an historical partnership agreement. The region’s road, rail, increasing air links and now digital infrastructure, keep it closely connected to events elsewhere. At the same time its distance from the metropolitan centres has meant it has had to ensure that its creative and cultural life has been taken into its own hands. The establishment of the sophisticated Murray Art Museum Albury (MAMA) as well as the presence of the LibraryMuseum, Hothouse Theatre, Fruit Fly Circus, The Cube, Arts Space and the development of Gateway Island on the Murray River as a cultural hub, as well as the high profile activities of its energetic, entrepreneurial and internationally savvy locals running many small businesses, events and festivals, ensures Albury Wodonga has a creative heart to add to its rural and regional activities.
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Weeks, Timothy "Dash". DTPH56-13-X-000013 Modern High-Toughness Steels for Fracture Propagation and Arrest Assessment-Phase II. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), septiembre de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012037.
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NIST work developed processes to identify the stress/strain/crack velocity conditions for unstable high-rate ductile crack propagation found in a full-scale pipeline burst test and duplicate those conditions in a medium-scale test. With modeling to validate conditions and assumptions used in reducing the scale of the tests. A medium-scale test to elucidate material property data necessary to qualify high-strength high-toughness steels based on the correlation to large-scale tests. Parametric determination of the material properties governing fracture propagation or arrest-ability was developed. This will assist researchers to determine a relevant and effective small-scale test (or tests) that provides enough information for material selection, design, reliability, as well as integrity and risk assessment. Pipe evaluated includes API5L X70 and X80 pipe. The strain was measured by a three-dimensional digital image correlation system. This project takes a phased approach with complementary research in successive phases beginning with a road map to systematically fill gaps in knowledge and understanding of the problem of unstable high-rate ductile running failures in pipelines. This report is structured to highlight the problem statement with respect to the current state of the art understanding, define knowledge gaps and present the plan, and progress toward meeting the objective. The following sections specifically cover the effort to develop and inform a constitutive material model necessary for the structural model of the medium-scale test. The material testing required to inform the constitutive material model is presented. Conclusions of this phase of the project are also presented in addition to the proposed work in Phase III of the project.
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Menuz, Diane y Rebekah Downard. Opportunity for Improved Wetland Mitigation in Utah - In-Lieu Fee Mitigation Potential in Utah. Utah Geological Survey, septiembre de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ofr-756.
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Wetlands play a crucial role in watersheds and provide critical ecosystem functions, most notably, water quality improvement, fish and wildlife habitat, flood attenuation, drought mitigation, and carbon sequestration. Wetlands in Utah are regulated primarily by the federal government under the Clean Water Act (CWA), which requires mitigation to replace ecological services that are lost to permitted activities. Utah House Bill 118 (2022) directed the Utah Geological Survey to explore the potential for an In-Lieu Fee (ILF) mitigation program to improve wetland resources in Utah. An ILF program would allow entities seeking CWA permits to pay a fee to mitigate impacts to streams and wetlands rather than having to develop their own mitigation plans. To research the possible consequences of an ILF, we conducted document research and interviews with mitigation practitioners and wetland stakeholders and analyzed ten years of permit data. Interview participants agreed that an ILF would improve the quality of wetland mitigation projects, which currently are often small, isolated, and overrun with weeds. An ILF would also improve coordination between the various entities involved in natural resource protection, permitting, and restoration. Further, permittees would benefit from an ILF because it would streamline the permitting process. Research and input from current practitioners showcased that there were many options for running an ILF program that can work for Utah, which has few permitted wetland impacts compared to other, less arid states. The most effective way to build an ILF in Utah is to support a full-time ILF administrator to establish the program and develop and maintain strong relationships with regulators, restoration specialists, and those seeking permits. Based on historical permit rates, such a position could be funded by program fees after the program is established. The future of a self-sustaining ILF program is uncertain, however, due to the recent Sackett v. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supreme Court decision which limited the types of wetlands that are regulated by the federal government. The expected reduction in wetland permitting creates a more challenging environment in which to operate an ILF program because permit fees will likely no longer support a full-time ILF administrator’s salary. At the same time, ensuring high quality mitigation will be more important than ever because there will be more unpermitted and thus unmitigated wetland impacts, leading to loss in ecological functions. Given these considerations, we recommend establishing a position for a wetland mitigation and restoration coordinator who can explore multiple options to preserve and restore wetlands in Utah, coordinate among agencies, and begin to implement an ILF program at a rate and scale appropriate to the new regulatory conditions. By investing in a wetland mitigation and restoration coordinator, the state can support voluntary restoration measures to increase wetland functions while at the same time improving mitigation outcomes for permittees and projects. Together, these actions will lead to healthier, more resilient wetlands that will protect the quality of life for all Utahns.
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Willson. L51709 Development-Test Electronic Gas Admission for Large Bore Engines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), agosto de 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010114.
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The pipeline industry uses over 8,000 large bore engines in gas transmission/compression service". These engines are typically gas fueled and spark ignited. Some early versions of the engines are piston scavenged, but most are turbocharged. Some models, especially those equipped for lean burn operation, utilize pre-combustion chambers for enhanced ignition. Typically, the gaseous fuel is admitted directly into the top of the engine combustion chamber by a cam-operated, mechanical gas admission valve (MGAV). The MGAV is operated by an engine driven cam, cam follower, push rod, and rocker assembly. Such mechanisms offer little in the way of adjustability of the gas admission event: the ability to change the start of gas admission (SOA) and end of gas admission (EOA). The gas admission system is generally optimized for a particular mode of engine operation, typically rated speed and full load, and is fixed in that state. Desired changes in the gas admission cycle are not easily accomplished. At the same time, however, undesired changes commonly occur due to wear, failure, and mis-adjustment of the MGAV drive train. This report documents the development of a natural gas-fueled large-bore engine test bed (LBET) at Colorado State University and the subsequent test of an electronic gas admissions valve (EGAV) with in-cylinder pressure feedback. The LBET is now a state-of-the-art natural gas-fueled test facility. It will be open for use in late 1994 or early 1995 to all parties interested in testing equipment that might lead to safer, more economical and cleaner burning gas fueled engines. The EGAV tests were successful. The valve allows for precise control of fuel admission and end of admission timing. This results in the engine running in a real-time balance condition. Laboratory tests showed a 30% reduction of hydrocarbons and nitrous oxides reductions with a 2% reduction in fuel consumption. Field testing will continue in 1995 prior to commercialization.
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Tcha, MoonJoong. From Potato Chips to Computer Chips: Features of Korea's Economic Development: Knowledge Sharing Forum on Development Experiences: Comparative Experiences of Korea and Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, junio de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007002.
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When considering countries of phenomenal economic development and growth, Korea is among the top tiers. While there are other economies with similar economic growth, including those of Singapore, Hong Kong, and Taiwan, the economic growth of Korea is exceptional considering that the country lacked basic economic foundation in the past. R. Lucas Jr. (1993), a Nobel Laureate in economics and also a renowned scholar of the respective field, praised the country's economic success, by stating that "I do not think it is in any way an exaggeration to refer to this continuing transformation of Korean society as a miracle". As an evidence for his argument, he asserted "Never before have the lives of so many people undergone so rapid an improvement over so long a period, nor is there any sign that this progress is near its end". Yet, the history of Korea is more than just its outcome; it is the history of continuous national ordeal, a series of challenges and crisis that required people to toil night and day to overcome the situation. If it were not for today's splendid economic success, it would have been more appropriate to describe the history of Korea as that of wretchedness and misery. The fact that South Korea became one of the leading nations in the world is nothing less than a miracle, considering that it underwent many hardships after its independence such as fratricidal Korean War, a long period of dictatorship, 4.19 revolution as a reactionary to the dictatorship, 5.16 military coup, the engagement in the Vietnam War, two oil crises, another military coup afterwards, civil revolutions, a foreign exchange crisis, and the global economic crisis. Economic growth means value-added increase in a certain period of time. To boost this value-added increase, the elements of production such as labor, capital, and land must be both accumulated and invested. Furthermore, it requires the effective use of these elements by combining them when necessary, so that the best value can be drawn out. In other words, the vital factor in economic growth is raising productivity. Then, given similar situations, how come some countries show different performance in factor accumulation or productivity improvement? The accumulation of resources and increase of productivity depend on economic incentive. Proper institution in an economy that provides incentives for economic agents enables factors to flow and to be accumulated where productivity is high. It also gives motivation for innovation and improvement of productivity. Competition in product markets and acquisition of resources and raw materials with low cost through an open-door policy can induce the accumulation of elements and improvement of technology, where in a broader perspective, open-door policy can also be considered as a part of institution.The growth of the Korean economy is unique since only a few economies could demonstrate compatibly high growth rates for a long period. However, at the same time, Korea's case is never unique as its success story is based on factor accumulation, productivity enhancement and, most of all, a fundamental called institution. Its growth was possible due to the fact that there was a proper functioning of market backed by the establishment of proper institutions. The Korean government indeed worked favorably towards the establishment of institution and running of economy in a market-friendly manner. Some features of its growth pattern are worthwhile to be illustrated as there are still a large number of developing countries and high income countries with unstable institutions worldwide, which could gain from a part of Korea's story, at least, and collect substantial knowledge for their future growth.
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Chopra, Deepta, Devanik Saha, Luize Guimarães, Lucia Bernadete y Kerry Selvestre. The case of MUVA Assistentes: Moving Beyond Income Generation to a New Approach Towards Achieving Women’s Empowerment. Institute of Development Studies, marzo de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/muva.2023.002.
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This paper highlights the case of MUVA Assistentes, a public works programme (PWP) that provided training and mentoring to young vulnerable women (YVW) in urban Mozambique. Our paper draws out the main learnings from the MUVA Assistentes project to inform the design of other PWPs that have women’s empowerment as their major aim. We show through our analysis that it is possible for PWPs to achieve women’s empowerment, but only if they go beyond a sole focus on income provision through paid work to women. Instead, we argue that if PWPs formulate their theory of change in line with Kabeer (1999)’s notion of empowerment, with its three interrelated dimensions (resources, agency and achievements), women’s empowerment through PWPs can be both realistic and long-lasting. PWPs have always been popular in low- and middle-income countries as tools for poverty alleviation and mitigating high unemployment rates among young people. Given the disproportionate impact of poverty on women and girls, many existing PWPs often include a ‘gender’ component in their theories of change. A common limitation of such PWPs and theories of change is their overarching focus on providing income opportunities, which they suggest leads to women’s empowerment. However, this has not been the case for most PWPs; hence, learnings from a project that has led to substantive empowerment of young women are highly valuable. The MUVA Assistentes project was a component of the broader MUVA Programme running in urban Mozambique. It provided training to YVW and gave them paid work as classroom assistants in primary schools for one academic year. The project addressed two major problems plaguing Mozambique today: (1) high unemployment among urban young people, especially women; and (2) poor educational outcomes among primary school students. Through a dedicated focus on mentoring the participants, the project supported these women to build soft assets and skills to enable them to realise their future goals and aspirations. This paper highlights that the MUVA Assistentes project led to three major outcomes: (1) building technical skills; (2) improving opportunities for women’s employability in the labour market (while improving public goods); and (3) building soft assets through training and mentoring. Through a close discussion of the experiences of four women participants, we find that the MUVA Assistentes led to an increase not only in income opportunities for YVW, but also in their sense of self‑worth and confidence to exercise their agency in achieving their goals. Further, the project also provided a critical public good by working towards improving the quality of classroom outcomes in government primary schools. We conclude that through building these skills and increasing women participants’ self-worth, PWPs can build women’s resources, agency and achievements, thereby moving closer to achieving a holistic view of empowerment, which encouragingly extends beyond the PWPs’ duration as well.
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Hunter, Fraser y Martin Carruthers. Iron Age Scotland. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, septiembre de 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.193.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings: Building blocks: The ultimate aim should be to build rich, detailed and testable narratives situated within a European context, and addressing phenomena from the longue durée to the short-term over international to local scales. Chronological control is essential to this and effective dating strategies are required to enable generation-level analysis. The ‘serendipity factor’ of archaeological work must be enhanced by recognising and getting the most out of information-rich sites as they appear. o There is a pressing need to revisit the archives of excavated sites to extract more information from existing resources, notably through dating programmes targeted at regional sequences – the Western Isles Atlantic roundhouse sequence is an obvious target. o Many areas still lack anything beyond the baldest of settlement sequences, with little understanding of the relations between key site types. There is a need to get at least basic sequences from many more areas, either from sustained regional programmes or targeted sampling exercises. o Much of the methodologically innovative work and new insights have come from long-running research excavations. Such large-scale research projects are an important element in developing new approaches to the Iron Age. Daily life and practice: There remains great potential to improve the understanding of people’s lives in the Iron Age through fresh approaches to, and integration of, existing and newly-excavated data. o House use. Rigorous analysis and innovative approaches, including experimental archaeology, should be employed to get the most out of the understanding of daily life through the strengths of the Scottish record, such as deposits within buildings, organic preservation and waterlogging. o Material culture. Artefact studies have the potential to be far more integral to understandings of Iron Age societies, both from the rich assemblages of the Atlantic area and less-rich lowland finds. Key areas of concern are basic studies of material groups (including the function of everyday items such as stone and bone tools, and the nature of craft processes – iron, copper alloy, bone/antler and shale offer particularly good evidence). Other key topics are: the role of ‘art’ and other forms of decoration and comparative approaches to assemblages to obtain synthetic views of the uses of material culture. o Field to feast. Subsistence practices are a core area of research essential to understanding past society, but different strands of evidence need to be more fully integrated, with a ‘field to feast’ approach, from production to consumption. The working of agricultural systems is poorly understood, from agricultural processes to cooking practices and cuisine: integrated work between different specialisms would assist greatly. There is a need for conceptual as well as practical perspectives – e.g. how were wild resources conceived? o Ritual practice. There has been valuable work in identifying depositional practices, such as deposition of animals or querns, which are thought to relate to house-based ritual practices, but there is great potential for further pattern-spotting, synthesis and interpretation. Iron Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report v Landscapes and regions: Concepts of ‘region’ or ‘province’, and how they changed over time, need to be critically explored, because they are contentious, poorly defined and highly variable. What did Iron Age people see as their geographical horizons, and how did this change? Attempts to understand the Iron Age landscape require improved, integrated survey methodologies, as existing approaches are inevitably partial. Aspects of the landscape’s physical form and cover should be investigated more fully, in terms of vegetation (known only in outline over most of the country) and sea level change in key areas such as the firths of Moray and Forth. Landscapes beyond settlement merit further work, e.g. the use of the landscape for deposition of objects or people, and what this tells us of contemporary perceptions and beliefs. Concepts of inherited landscapes (how Iron Age communities saw and used this longlived land) and socal resilience to issues such as climate change should be explored more fully. Reconstructing Iron Age societies. The changing structure of society over space and time in this period remains poorly understood. Researchers should interrogate the data for better and more explicitly-expressed understandings of social structures and relations between people. The wider context: Researchers need to engage with the big questions of change on a European level (and beyond). Relationships with neighbouring areas (e.g. England, Ireland) and analogies from other areas (e.g. Scandinavia and the Low Countries) can help inform Scottish studies. Key big topics are: o The nature and effect of the introduction of iron. o The social processes lying behind evidence for movement and contact. o Parallels and differences in social processes and developments. o The changing nature of houses and households over this period, including the role of ‘substantial houses’, from crannogs to brochs, the development and role of complex architecture, and the shift away from roundhouses. o The chronology, nature and meaning of hillforts and other enclosed settlements. o Relationships with the Roman world