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Zhang, Shouan y George W. Sundin. "Long-Term Effect of Mutagenic DNA Repair on Accumulation of Mutations in Pseudomonas syringae B86-17". Journal of Bacteriology 186, n.º 22 (15 de noviembre de 2004): 7807–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.22.7807-7810.2004.
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ABSTRACT Forty replicate lineages of Pseudomonas syringae B86-17 cells expressing the rulAB mutagenic DNA repair (MDR) determinant or the rulB::Km MDR-deficient mutant GWS242 were passaged through single-cell bottlenecks (60 cycles), with a UV radiation (UVR) exposure given to half of the lineages at the beginning of each cycle. After every 10th bottleneck cycle, single-colony isolates from all 80 lineages were subjected to 39 phenotypic screens, with newly arising mutations detected in 60 and 0% of UVR-exposed or non-UVR-exposed B86-17 lineages, respectively, by the 60th cycle. Cellular fitness, measured as growth rate in a minimal medium, of UVR-exposed lineages of both B86-17 and GWS242 after 60 cycles was not significantly different from that of the ancestral strains. Although UVR exposure and MDR activity increased the occurrence of mutations in cells, a significant reduction in overall fitness was not observed.
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Zheng, Jun, Hui Zhou, Zhi Hua Wan y Rui Peng Sang. "The Tribological Properties of Several PTFE Based Self-Lubricating Composites in Vacuum". Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (junio de 2012): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.144.
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Five commercial PTFE based self-lubricating composites were selected for candidates in space. The hardness was measured by depth-sensing indentation in CMC mode. The tribological properties of composites sliding against a 440C steel balls were investigated using a vacuum rotational ball-on-disc apparatus. The result show the hardness of Rulon 945, Rulon XL, GR 0348, D 5813 and LW 155 are about 62.01 MPa, 45.42 MPa, 84.62 MPa, 116.59 MPa and 569.40 MPa, which are higher than pure PTFE composite. The friction coefficient of Rulon 945, Rulon XL,GR 0348, D 5813, LW 155 obtained in vacuum are, 0.08 to 0.20, 0.06 to 0.10, 0.05 to 0.10, 0.06 to 0.10 and 0.05 to 0.15. Rulon XL, GR 0348 and D 5813 show very stable friction level around 0.08. For volumetric wear rate, D 5813 have the biggest volumetric wear rate of 2.36×10-7mm3/mm, which is twelve times of Rulon 945 and nearly five times of Rulon XL, GR 0348 and LW 155. Rulon XL and GR 0348 have the best friction and wear properties.
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Aprilina, Dewi, Agung Sih Kurnianto, Sigit Soeparjono, Susan Barbara Patricia Sembiring Meliala, Ayu Puspita Arum, Dyah Ayu Savitri y Setiyono Setiyono. "Rabbit Urine-based Liquid Organic Fertilizer Alters Biological Response and Improves the Yield of Three Pak Choi Varieties (Brassica rapa Sub. Chinensis)". Berkala Penelitian Hayati 29, n.º 2 (27 de julio de 2023): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.23869/bphjbr.29.2.20234.
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This research is projected to answer questions and urgencies related to the reasons for Pak Choi's lack of productivity and also be able to answer recommendations for RULOF composition, which are interacted with the selection of the best superior varieties. This research aims to analyze the effect of RULOF, varieties, and interactions with both. The research was conducted at the Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, in November-December 2022. A factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used, which consisted of 2 factors with three replications. Factor 1 = RULOF, with four levels: P0 (0 ml/liter), P1 (100 ml/liter), P2 (200 ml/liter), and P3 (300 ml/liter). Factor 2 = Varieties: V1 (Green), V2 (Nauli F1), and V3 (Emone 26). The ANOVA results show that all parameters are significant with the influence of RULOF. Varieties affect all parameters except root length. The interaction is insignificant for all parameters except the wet weight. The 200 ml/liter RULOF (P2) and Nauli F1 (V2) treatments showed the highest average value of all variables.
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Davlatzoda, B. D. "TAJIK CHORDOPHONE RUBOB: GENESIS, ERGONOMICS". Arts education and science 1, n.º 4 (2020): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202004021.
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The orchestra, as the most perfect instrumental association of musical academism, is an unusual phenomenon for Tajik culture of the monodic tradition. The organization of orchestral music in Tajikistan reflects the diffusion of monody and written academism, inspired by the state cultural policy of the USSR since the 1930s. The relevance of this topic is related not only with the analysis of the organological properties of a particular rubob, but also with the dynamics of the entire Tajik folk orchestral culture. The author reveals the problems of changes in ethnoinstrumentalism that arose in the process of interethnic transformations by the method of included observation: to confirm the main theses of the article own pedagogical and performing experience was used. Materials concerning the etymology and genesis of Tajik rubob — "Kashgar", "Badakhshan", "Afghan" and "Pamir" — are derived from well-known historical sources, while information on the optimization of tessitour and performing ergonomics of rubob is obtained as a result of analytical studies by the author. It is concluded, that rubob in Tajikistan is a widely demanded phono instrument that has preserved its traditional design, sound extraction and repertoire, and the performing ergonomics of rubob has a deep centuries-old tradition.
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Hoàng Mạnh Tưởng y Lê Tuấn Anh. "Xác định góc tư thế trục rulo hình trụ nhờ sử dụng cảm biến con quay đo tốc độ góc". Journal of Military Science and Technology, FEE (23 de diciembre de 2022): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.fee.2022.58-64.
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Bài báo đưa ra giải pháp xác định góc tư thế trục rulo nhờ sử dụng cảm biến con quay đo tốc độ góc phục vụ bài toán hiệu chỉnh. Góc tư thế mỗi trục rulo hình trụ được đặc trưng bởi một vector chỉ phương . Vector chỉ phương này có thể được xác định thông qua hai vector pháp tuyến với mặt rulo ở hai điểm khác nhau nhờ tính chất nhân có hướng hai vector. Để xác định vector pháp tuyến với mặt rulo sử dụng thiết bị đo mà trên đó ba con quay đo tốc độ góc đặt vuông góc với nhau. Tín hiệu tốc độ góc quay từ ba con quay đo tốc độ góc được sử dụng để xác định góc tư thế thiết bị đo nhờ thuật toán tính toán. Do đó, vector pháp tuyến của mặt phẳng đo của thiết bị đo này cũng được xác định. Mặt rulo có dạng hình trụ nên khi đặt thiết bị đo sao cho mặt phẳng đo tiếp xúc với mặt trục rulo thì vector pháp tuyến của chúng ở điểm đó trùng nhau. Như vậy, để xác định các vector pháp tuyến với mặt rulo trong quá trình đo cần đặt mặt phẳng đo của thiết bị đo tiếp xúc với rulo ở hai điểm khác nhau. Từ thông tin nhận được về các vector pháp tuyến với mặt rulo cho phép xác định vector chỉ phương . Trong bài báo vector được xác định trong hệ tọa độ gắn với trái đất, từ đó cho phép xác định góc hướng góc tà của rulo.
Để thực hiện kiểm tra đánh giá giải pháp đưa ra trong bài báo thực hiện mô phỏng, khảo sát thuật toán xác định góc tư thế trục rulo trong hệ tọa độ gắn với trái đất nhờ sử dụng phần mềm Matlab Simulink.
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Zhang, Shouan y George W. Sundin. "Mutagenic DNA repair potential in Pseudomonas spp., and characterization of the rulABPc operon from the highly mutable strain Pseudomonas cichorii 302959". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 50, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2004): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w03-105.
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We assessed the tolerance to ultraviolet B (UVB; 290-320 nm) radiation and UVB-induced mutability in 28 Pseudomonas spp. and four Burkholderia cepacia strains. The UVB survival of 23 (72%) of the strains was elevated (>46% survival following irradiation with a 2250 J m-2 dose), and 17 (53%) strains were defined as mutable by UVB. A mutagenic DNA repair determinant was cloned and characterized from the highly mutable strain P. cichorii 302959 and shown by sequence analysis to be an allele of rulAB, a mutagenic DNA repair determinant previously characterized from Pseudomonas syringae. Phylogenetic analyses of RulA- and RulB-related sequences indicated that the sequences identified in environmental bacteria shared a common ancestor with UmuDC-like sequences from enteric bacteria but were considerably diverged. The dynamics of UVB-induced mutability to nalidixic acid resistance (NalR) and rifampicin resistance (RifR) were studied in replicate populations of P. cichorii 302959 subjected to a daily UVB dose of 2250 J m-2 for 14 consecutive days. While there was an initial spike in the frequency of NalR and RifR mutants recovered on Days 1 and 2 of two separate experiments, the frequencies were sharply reduced and then fluctuated throughout the duration of both experiments. These experimental results are intriguing because they point to the possibility that P. cichorii possesses additional mechanisms to curtail the induction of spontaneous mutants following repeated episodes of UVB irradiation.Key words: phyllosphere, UVB survival, UVB mutability, long-term mutability, translesion synthesis, Y family DNA polymerase.
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Kim, Jae J. y George W. Sundin. "Regulation of the rulAB Mutagenic DNA Repair Operon of Pseudomonas syringae by UV-B (290 to 320 Nanometers) Radiation and Analysis of rulAB-Mediated Mutability In Vitro and In Planta". Journal of Bacteriology 182, n.º 21 (1 de noviembre de 2000): 6137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.21.6137-6144.2000.
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ABSTRACT The effects of the rulAB operon ofPseudomonas syringae on mutagenic DNA repair and the transcriptional regulation of rulAB following irradiation with UV-B wavelengths were determined. For arulB::Km insertional mutant constructed inP. syringae pv. syringae B86-17, sensitivity to UV-B irradiation increased and UV mutability decreased by 12- to 14-fold.rulAB-induced UV mutability was also tracked in phyllosphere populations of B86-17 for up to 5 days following plant inoculation. UV mutability to rifampin resistance (Rifr) was detected at all sampling points at levels which were significantly greater than in nonirradiated controls. In P. aeruginosa PAO1, the cloned rulABdeterminant on pJJK17 conferred a 30-fold increase in survival and a 200-fold increase in mutability following a UV-B dose of 1,900 J m−2. In comparative studies using defined genetic constructs, we determined that rulAB restored mutability to the Escherichia coli umuDC deletion mutant RW120 at a level between those of its homologs mucAB and umuDC. Analyses using a rulAB::inaZtranscriptional fusion in Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf5 showed that rulAB was rapidly induced after UV-B irradiation, with expression levels peaking at 4 h. At the highest UV-B dose administered, transcriptional activity of therulAB promoter was elevated as much as 261-fold compared to that of a nonirradiated control. The importance of rulABfor survival of P. syringae in its phyllosphere habitat, coupled with its wide distribution among a broad range of P. syringae genotypes, suggests that this determinant would be appropriate for continued investigations into the ecological ramifications of mutagenic DNA repair.
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Tark, Mariliis, Andres Tover, Kairi Tarassova, Radi Tegova, Gaily Kivi, Rita Hõrak y Maia Kivisaar. "A DNA Polymerase V Homologue Encoded by TOL Plasmid pWW0 Confers Evolutionary Fitness on Pseudomonas putida under Conditions of Environmental Stress". Journal of Bacteriology 187, n.º 15 (1 de agosto de 2005): 5203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.15.5203-5213.2005.
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ABSTRACT Plasmids in conjunction with other mobile elements such as transposons are major players in the genetic adaptation of bacteria in response to changes in environment. Here we show that a large catabolic TOL plasmid, pWW0, from Pseudomonas putida carries genes (rulAB genes) encoding an error-prone DNA polymerase Pol V homologue which increase the survival of bacteria under conditions of accumulation of DNA damage. A study of population dynamics in stationary phase revealed that the presence of pWW0-derived rulAB genes in the bacterial genome allows the expression of a strong growth advantage in stationary phase (GASP) phenotype of P. putida. When rulAB-carrying cells from an 8-day-old culture were mixed with Pol V-negative cells from a 1-day-old culture, cells derived from the aged culture out-competed cells from the nonaged culture and overtook the whole culture. At the same time, bacteria from an aged culture lacking the rulAB genes were only partially able to out-compete cells from a fresh overnight culture of the parental P. putida strain. Thus, in addition to conferring resistance to DNA damage, the plasmid-encoded Pol V genes significantly increase the evolutionary fitness of bacteria during prolonged nutritional starvation of a P. putida population. The results of our study indicate that RecA is involved in the control of expression of the pWW0-encoded Pol V.
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Elkoca, Candan Şen. "The Application of Taguchi Experimental Design Methodology to the Removal of Coil Break Defect". Academic Perspective Procedia 3, n.º 1 (25 de octubre de 2020): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.03.01.15.
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Sıcak haddelenmiş düşük karbonlu çelik rulolar boya kesme hatlarında açılırken bazı rulolarda istenmeyen “rulo kırığı” kusuruyla karşılaşılabilmektedir. Bu tür bir kusur özellikle dış görünümün önemli olduğu uygulamalarda istenmemektedir. Rulo kırığı kusurun giderilmesi için, rulo açma işlemi sırasında çelik sac üzerine uygulanacak işlem parametrelerinin tespit edilmesi çok fazla deney yapılmasını gerektirmektedir. Taguchi deney tasarımı uygulaması, mevcut ve kontrol edilebilir faktörleri göz önüne alarak deney sayısında yarattığı azalma ile etkin ve verimli bir araç olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Uygulama sonuçları analiz edildiğinde, çelik şeridin sıcak haddehanedeki sarılma sıcaklığı ve sıcak haddelenmiş rulonun açılma hızının istatiksel olarak önemli olduğunu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Buradaki problem bir maksimizasyon (rulo kırıklarının sığlaştırılıp sıklaştırılması, yani kırık adedinin arttırılması) problemi olarak ele alındığında, sarılma sıcaklığının belirlenen alt düzeye düşürülmesi ve rulo açma hızının belirlenen üst düzeye çıkarılmasının istenilen sonucu verdiği görülmüştür.
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Bilgin, Hülya y Ozana Ural. "Psychometric studies of pre-school teacher candidates’ guidance proficiency scale Okul öncesi öğretmen adaylari rehberlik yeterlilikleri ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi ve psikometrik özellikleri". International Journal of Human Sciences 12, n.º 2 (18 de agosto de 2015): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/v12i2.3332.
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<p>Development of pre-school teachers' guidance proficiency level is is thought as a good substitute for guidance counsellors in pre-schools, since their numbers are not enough to keep up with the demand. This is not just an alternative, because even if there were enough teachers, the ideal approach is to have active cooperation between pre-school teachers and guidance counsellors.</p><p>Since pre-school education period covers some of the most critical years in children’s development where their personality characteristics are shaped, skills and habits are set, there will always be need for pre-school teachers with high guidance proficiency.</p><p>This study aims to develop a scale to determine pre-school teacher candidates’ guidance proficiency level. For the construct validity of our scale a factor analysis test was done. For reliability of our scale Rulon and Cronbach Alpha tests, test-retest and item analysis were done. The research was conducted with random sampling on 784 senior students in pre-school teaching departments at 14 universities in Turkey.</p><p>According to the results of the factor analysis of the 72 items included in the scale we found four factors which explain 61.057% of total variance (Total Variance Explained 48.3%). When factor loads are examined it is seen that there are items which are between .461 and .722. For factor 1: “Educational Development”, rulon value is 0.962 and Cronbach Alpha value is 0.962. For factor 2: “Self-Acceptance, Family and Social Relations” rulon value is 0.969 and Cronbach Alpha value is 0.973. For factor 3: “Follow-up and assesment” rulon value is 0.959 and Cronbach Alpha value is 0.957. For factor 4: “Adaptation to School and Environment” rulon value is 0.874 and Cronbach Alpha value is 0.893. Test-retest reliability coefficients for factor 1: 0.766, for factor 2: 0.780, for factor 3: 0.818, for factor 4: 0.509 and for total: 0.823. In order to question differences between quartiles a <em>t</em>-test was conducted. According to these results, we found that there are statistically significant difference(p<.01) between the upper and lower quartiles. According to the psychometric results pre-school teacher candidates’ guidance proficiency scale which covers 4 factors is found out to be valid and reliable.</p><p><strong>Özet:</strong></p><p>Okul öncesi eğitim dönemi rastlantılara bırakılamayacak kadar önemlidir. Çocuğun bu dönemde tüm gelişimi şekillenirken, hayatı boyunca ona alt yapıyı oluşturacak bilgi, beceri ve alışkanlıklarının da temelleri atılmakta<strong>,</strong> kişilik özellikleri şekillenmektedir. Bundan dolayı, çocuk ve aileyi bu dönemde destekleyici rehberlik çalışmalarına büyük ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Ancak okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan rehber öğretmen sayısı henüz yeterli değildir. Bu gereksinimi karşılamak üzere alternatif bir çözüm olarak okul öncesi eğitimde görev yapan öğretmenlerin rehberlik yeterliliklerinin geliştirilmesi ele alınmalıdır. Bu sadece alternatif bir çözüm yolu değildir<strong>,</strong> çünkü yeterli sayıda rehber öğretmen olsa bile ideal olanı okul öncesi öğretmeni ile rehber öğretmenin işbirliği içinde çalışmasıdır. Okul öncesi dönemde rehberlik hizmetlerine bu yaklaşımla bakıldığında öğretmen ve öğretmen adaylarının rehberlik yeterliliklerinin bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Bunun için de okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının rehberlik yeterliliklerinin düzeyini anlamak için geliştirilmiş ölçme araçlarına gereksinim vardır.</p><p>Bu çalışma okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının rehberlik yeterlilik düzeylerini belirleme amacıyla bir ölçek geliştirme çalışmasıdır. Çalışmada “Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Adayları Rehberlik Yeterlilikleri Ölçeği”nin, yapı geçerliliği sınaması için faktör analizi, güvenirlik çalışmaları için ise Rulon ve Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlık katsayıları ve test-tekrar test ve madde analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırma Türkiye’deki 14 üniversitenin okul öncesi öğretmenliği anabilim dalında öğrenim görmekte olan ve 4. sınıfa devam eden okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarından rasgele örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 784 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür.</p><p>Sonuç olarak; faktör analizi sonucunda toplam varyansın % 61.057’sini açıklayan (Total Variance Explained % 48,3) ve dört faktör altında toplanan 72 madde elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin faktör yükleri incelendiğinde; .461 ile .722 arasında yük değerlerine sahip maddeler oldukları görülmüştür. Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Adaylarına Yönelik Rehberlik Yeterlilikleri Ölçeği’nin Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlılık katsayıları<em> </em>ölçeğin Faktör 1 “Eğitsel Gelişim” için rulon değeri 0,962 ve Cronbach Alpha değeri 0,962, Faktör 2 “Kendini Kabul, Aile ve Sosyal İlişkiler” için rulon değeri 0,969 ve Cronbach Alpha değeri 0,973,Faktör, 3 “Takip-Değerlendirme-Destek” için rulon değeri 0,959 ve Cronbach Alpha değeri 0,957, Faktör 4 “Okula ve Çevreye Uyum” için rulon değeri 0,874 ve Cronbach Alpha değeri 0,893 olarak bulunmuştur. Test-tekrar test güvenirlik katsayıları Faktör 1 için 0,766, Faktör 2 için 0,780, Faktör 3 için 0,818, Faktör 4 için 0,509 ve Toplam için 0,823 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Maddelerin faktör toplamına göre oluşturulan çeyreklikler arasındaki farkını sorgulamak için hesaplanan t sonuçlarına göre tüm maddeler için gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık (p<.01) olduğu bulunmuştur. Yapılan istatistiksel işlemler sonrasında 4 altboyuttan oluşan “Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Adayları Rehberlik Yeterlilikleri Ölçeği”nin geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu belirlenmiştir.<strong><br /></strong></p>
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Dematteis, Massimiliano. "Vinicia tomentosa, nuevo género y especie de Lychnophorinae (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) de Minas Gerais, Brasil." Bonplandia 16, n.º 3-4 (1 de septiembre de 2007): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/bon.163-4157.
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<div><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: #666666;">Se describe e ilustra un nuevo género y especie de la tribu Vernonieae (Asteraceae) de los cerrados y campos rupestres de Minas Gerais (Brasil). El nuevo taxon, <em>Vinicia tomentosa </em>Dematt., está estrechamente relacionado a <em>Chronopappus </em>DC. y <em>Lychnophora </em>Mart., pero difiere por presentar glomérulos pedunculados y el involucro estrechamente cilíndrico. Los dos géneros anteriores siempre tienen glomérulos sésiles y el involucro es turbinado o cilíndrico en <em>Lychnophora </em>y ovoideo en <em>Chronopappus</em>.</span></div>
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Visscher, Klaran. "De openbaringen van Jozef Rulof in eschatologisch perspectief". NTT Journal for Theology and the Study of Religion 65, n.º 4 (18 de noviembre de 2011): 307–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/ntt2011.65.307.viss.
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This article addresses the case of Jozef Rulof, one of the representatives of new religious movements in the early 20th century in the Netherlands. Self-proclaimed prophet and medium in the service of the ‘Cosmic Masters from the Other Side’, he urged his contemporaries to welcome a new cosmic age that would give the initial impetus to the Kingdom of God on Earth - to be realised by humankind itself. In his thinking, strongly based upon the concepts of reincarnation and karma, the end of times refers to the ‘fading’ of the planet as a logical step in the evolutionary development of both humanity and universe.
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Kiliç, İsmail. "Development of knowledge-based approach scale (KBAS) to some science events in daily life". African Educational Research Journal 10, n.º 3 (4 de agosto de 2022): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30918/aerj.103.22.043.
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Science events are encountered in every phase of daily life. These science events can be encountered at home, in business life, or while studying at school. Human beings can learn about these scientific events both informally and formally. Science-related events can often be confusing, even when formally learned. This study, it was aimed to develop a CRPS to investigate whether they learned some science events correctly in daily life. The study was carried out on 313 people from different age and occupational groups living in Edirne, Turkey. To develop a scale, statistical data such as item-total correlation (rit) and item-remainder correlation (rir) coefficients analysis, discrimination analysis, frequency and % values for the answers given by the participants to the items, t-test, Rulon and Cronbach Alpha coefficient transactions have been made. The scale, which started with 35 items, was reduced to 30 items due to the analysis. Cronbach Alpha and Rulon reliability coefficients were found to be 0.85 and 0.87, respectively. It was understood that the scale showed a symmetric-homogeneous distribution. According to these data, it has been determined that some scientific events in daily life can be measured with the knowledge-based approach.
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Sundin, George W., Janette L. Jacobs y Jes�s Murillo. "Sequence Diversity of rulA among Natural Isolates of Pseudomonas syringae and Effect on Function of rulAB-Mediated UV Radiation Tolerance". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, n.º 12 (1 de diciembre de 2000): 5167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.12.5167-5173.2000.
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ABSTRACT The rulAB locus confers tolerance to UV radiation and is borne on plasmids of the pPT23A family in Pseudomonas syringae. We sequenced 14 rulA alleles from P. syringae strains representing seven pathovars and found sequence differences of 1 to 12% within pathovar syringae, and up to 15% differences between pathovars. Since the sequence variation withinrulA was similar to that of P. syringaechromosomal alleles, we hypothesized that rulAB has evolved over a long time period in P. syringae. A phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of rulAresulted in seven clusters. Strains from the same plant host grouped together in three cases; however, strains from different pathovars grouped together in two cases. In particular, the rulAalleles from P. syringae pv. lachrymans and P. syringae pv. pisi were grouped but were clearly distinct from the other sequenced alleles, suggesting the possibility of a recent interpathovar transfer. We constructed chimeric rulABexpression clones and found that the observed sequence differences resulted in significant differences in UV (wavelength) radiation sensitivity. Our results suggest that specific amino acid changes in RulA could alter UV radiation tolerance and the competitiveness of theP. syringae host in the phyllosphere.
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Zgusta, L. "Linguistics and philosophy. Essays in honor of Rulon S. Wells". Lingua 81, n.º 2-3 (julio de 1990): 270–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3841(90)90015-d.
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Sundin, George W. y Jesus Murillo. "Functional analysis of the Pseudomonas syringae rulAB determinant in tolerance to ultraviolet B (290-320 nm) radiation and distribution of rulAB among P. syringae pathovars". Environmental Microbiology 1, n.º 1 (febrero de 1999): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1462-2920.1999.00008.x.
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Trần, Thị Thu Hương, Thị Hồng Châu Trần, Đình Bằng Hoàng y Thị Trúc Phương Lê. "Nghiên cứu quy trình công nghệ sản xuất gạo lứt giàu GABA (Gamma Aminobutyric Acid) từ các giống lúa: 0M 5451, OM 6979 và OM 1532 nảy mầm". Tạp chí Khoa học Đại học Văn Hiến 5, n.º 3 (5 de julio de 2017): 140–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.58810/vhujs.5.3.2017.5321.
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Nảy mầm là sự phát triển của phôi bên trong hạt khi gặp những điều kiện thuận lợi. Quá trình nảy mầm của gạo lứt làm tăng hàm lượng gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) và tạo điều kiện cho quá trình tiêu hóa các chất trong gạo lứt trở nên dễ dàng hơn. Qua khảo sát thành phần dinh dưỡng của loại gạo lứt nâu được xay xát từ giống lúa OM5451 cho thấy, khi ngâm gạo lứt ở pH7 trong 9 giờ ở nhiệt độ phòng và ủ ở nhiệt độ 30oC trong 24 giờ hàm lượng GABA đạt 34,8 ± 1,8 mg/100g tăng gấp 27,43 lần so với nguyên liệu ban đầu (1.57 ± 0,19 mg/100g với mức tăng khối lượng 1,26 lần sau khi ngâm). Quá trình xay xát lúa được thực hiện ở 3 mức khoảng cách rulo khác nhau trên máy Shatake từ 0,5 đến 1,5mm, qua đó xác định ở khoảng cách của rulo là 1mm tỷ lệ hạt gạo còn nguyên phôi cao nhất đạt 69,73% và tỷ lệ hạt nảy mầm trên cả 3 loại gạo (OM5451, OM6979, OM1532) được xay xát ở chế độ này rất cao từ 96,72 – 97,44%. Chế độ sấy gạo ở nhiệt độ 50oC trong thời gian 120 phút hạt gạo đạt độ ẩm là 13,45 ± 0,03% phù hợp để bảo quản gạo.
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Fan, Guang-Yin, Wei-Dong Jiang, Jin-Bo Wang, Rui-Xiang Li, Hua Chen y Xian-Jun Li. "Selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene over RuCoB/γ-Al2O3 without additive". Catalysis Communications 10, n.º 1 (octubre de 2008): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catcom.2008.08.002.
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Rodas, Sandra y Pedro Acuña. "Efecto de la Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) sobre el rulo de la yerba mate (Gyropsylla spegazziniana, hemíptera: Psyllidae)". Revista Científica Estudios e Investigaciones 7 (20 de julio de 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26885/rcei.foro.2018.14.
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La Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil), es un rubro tradicional del Paraguay desarrollado al inicio de forma extractiva de los bosques y con el fin de aumentar la productividad se alteró su hábitat natural y con ello también la incidencia de insectos que se mantenían en equilibrio originalmente; dándose una especial atención a la Gyropsylla spegazziniana, agente causal del rulo de la Yerba Mate. Al no existir un método de control alternativo para esta plaga, se llevó a cabo este trabajo.
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Ladd, D. Robert. "The American Four-Level Analysis of Intonation Contours". Historiographia Linguistica 42, n.º 1 (26 de mayo de 2015): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.42.1.07lad.
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Summary The four-level analysis of English intonation prevalent in American structuralist work from the mid-1940s to the late 1960s is variably credited to 1945 publications by both Kenneth Lee Pike (1912–2000) and Rulon S. Wells (1919–2008). However, Pike’s work was the basis of published language teaching materials as early as 1942. The author reports a brief correspondence with Pike in 1989, which makes clear that Pike felt that his own contribution was underappreciated in the “intellectual climate” of Bloomfieldian linguistics. Bernard Bloch (1907–1965) and especially George L. Trager (1906–1992) appear to have influenced the reception of Pike’s work and to have overstated the credit due to Wells.
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Goldsmith, John A. "Generative phonology in the late 1940s". Phonology 25, n.º 1 (mayo de 2008): 37–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675708001395.
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This paper offers a careful reading of an article published by Rulon Wells in Language in 1949 on the subject of automatic alternations in phonology. Read with a modern eye, it reveals that phonologists were exploring the value and use of phonological derivations, including both abstract representations and intermediate representations, in the late 1940s. Contrary to what has been suggested in the literature, Bloomfield's explorations in rule ordering published in 1939 were not isolated and without influence. Our conclusion is the null hypothesis: that there is an intellectual continuity from the work of Sapir and Bloomfield, through that of Wells and Harris, to that of Chomsky & Halle. We conclude by offering some suggestions as to why this is not widely recognised in the field.
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Ergin, Demirali Yaşar. "Development of Peer Bullying Scale (PeBuS)". Open Journal for Educational Research 7, n.º 1 (13 de abril de 2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojer.0701.01001e.
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The aim of this study is to develop a scale that can be used to detect bullying behaviors that can be seen in interpersonal relationships. The sample of the study consists of 381 randomly selected teachers working in primary and secondary schools in the central district of Edirne, Turkey, in the 2021-2022 academic year. In the research, the “Peer Bullying Scale”, which was prepared by the researcher and consisted of 50 Likert type items with 4 options, was used as a data collection tool. Varimax rotated exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the sub-dimensions. To determine reliability, item-total correlation, item residual correlation, Cronbach and Rulon coefficients were calculated. The construct validity of the scale was tested with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. As a result of the statistical processes, it was seen that the scale was valid, reliable and usable.
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Saumaa, Signe, Andres Tover, Mariliis Tark, Radi Tegova y Maia Kivisaar. "Oxidative DNA Damage Defense Systems in Avoidance of Stationary-Phase Mutagenesis in Pseudomonas putida". Journal of Bacteriology 189, n.º 15 (1 de junio de 2007): 5504–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00518-07.
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ABSTRACT Oxidative damage of DNA is a source of mutation in living cells. Although all organisms have evolved mechanisms of defense against oxidative damage, little is known about these mechanisms in nonenteric bacteria, including pseudomonads. Here we have studied the involvement of oxidized guanine (GO) repair enzymes and DNA-protecting enzyme Dps in the avoidance of mutations in starving Pseudomonas putida. Additionally, we examined possible connections between the oxidative damage of DNA and involvement of the error-prone DNA polymerase (Pol)V homologue RulAB in stationary-phase mutagenesis in P. putida. Our results demonstrated that the GO repair enzymes MutY, MutM, and MutT are involved in the prevention of base substitution mutations in carbon-starved P. putida. Interestingly, the antimutator effect of MutT was dependent on the growth phase of bacteria. Although the lack of MutT caused a strong mutator phenotype under carbon starvation conditions for bacteria, only a twofold increased effect on the frequency of mutations was observed for growing bacteria. This indicates that MutT has a backup system which efficiently complements the absence of this enzyme in actively growing cells. The knockout of MutM affected only the spectrum of mutations but did not change mutation frequency. Dps is known to protect DNA from oxidative damage. We found that dps-defective P. putida cells were more sensitive to sudden exposure to hydrogen peroxide than wild-type cells. At the same time, the absence of Dps did not affect the accumulation of mutations in populations of starved bacteria. Thus, it is possible that the protective role of Dps becomes essential for genome integrity only when bacteria are exposed to exogenous agents that lead to oxidative DNA damage but not under physiological conditions. Introduction of the Y family DNA polymerase PolV homologue rulAB into P. putida increased the proportion of A-to-C and A-to-G base substitutions among mutations, which occurred under starvation conditions. Since PolV is known to perform translesion synthesis past damaged bases in DNA (e.g., some oxidized forms of adenine), our results may imply that adenine oxidation products are also an important source of mutation in starving bacteria.
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Labrada, Leonardo, Fernando Chaib y Charles Augusto Braga Leandro. "Tornando possível o impossível". Per Musi, n.º 42 (19 de julio de 2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35699/2317-6377.2022.42072.
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Este artigo apresenta duas reflexões sobre Rebonds (1987-1989) e Okho (1989), obras emblemáticas de Iannis Xenakis. A perpetuação do mito do impossível como traço poético desse compositor é a principal justificativa para as práticas de simplificação e autoindulgência da comunidade percussiva em suas peças. Rebonds levou a uma reflexão mais direta sobre soluções técnicas para desafios no texto musical: a dupla apojatura (drag) e os rulos nas lâminas de madeira. Em Okho, demonstrou-se o processo dinâmico de busca de timbres no djembé, observando a tensão do que foi chamado de ‘transplante’ de material composicional de uma peça escrita para ser executada com baquetas (Rebonds) para uma executada com mãos livres. Tendo como referências bibliográficas Irlandini (2020), Solomos (1996), Soteriou (2011) e Stasi (2011), o objetivo principal deste artigo é apresentar possibilidades de soluções para performance de trechos de obras para percussão de Xenakis que suscitem a noção de ‘impossível’.
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Royadi, Dedi, Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi y Fitria Supyaningsih. "Measurement of Reliability of Test Instruments Through Management of Education and Psychology". Aptisi Transactions on Management (ATM) 2, n.º 2 (2 de julio de 2018): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/atm.v2i2.788.
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At this time in the world of work or in job management workers are required to be able to solve problems that mean that in education and psychology management must be able to build or develop instruments in all fields of management. The development of measurement instruments in the field of psychology and education many assume the use of unidimensional measurements, which conceptually formulated that there is one type of ability factor, personality, character, and attitude measured by one measurement instrument. This study aims to allow readers to understand the notions of reliability, reliability of learning outcomes tests, general models of reliability, simple methods of estimating reliability, retesting methods, parallel methods, halves, moment product equations, Flanagan equations, Rulon equations, reliability coefficients , and standard measurement errors. In order for this management research to take place smoothly, the researcher uses the literature study method as his research method.
Keywords: Educational management, Measurement Instruments, Reliability
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Setiawati, Anda. "MEKANISME PEMBENTUKAN PERHIMPUNAN PEMILIK DAN PENGHUNI SARUSUN PASCA BERLAKUNYA PP NO. 13 TAHUN 2021". Jurnal Hukum Nawasena Agraria 1, n.º 1 (13 de junio de 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/jhna.v1i1.16585.
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UURS memerintahkan agar setiap pelaku pembangunan memfasilitasi pembentukan PPPSRS yang berasal dari para pemilik sarusun. Mengenai tata cara pembentukan PPPSRS, PP No. 13/2021 menetapkan tahapan-tahapannya yang meliputi tahap persiapan, penyelenggaraan musyawarah, tahap pembentukan, tahap pembentukan dan pengesahan AD/ART. Setelah PPPSRS yang baru sudah terbentuk dan sudah dilakukan penyerahan pengelolaan atas hak bersama yang diikuti dengan audit keuangan oleh akuntan publik dan penyerahan dokumen-dokumen teknis di hadapan notaris, maka pengurus wajib menyimpan dan memelihara dokumen-dokumen tersebut guna kepentingan bersama dari para pemilik sarusun. Mengenai perubahan atau penggantian pengurus dilakukan dengan merujuk pada AD/ART dan hak suara yang dimiliki setiap pemilik dan penghuni sarusun. Dalam keadaan tertentu, perubahan pengurus dapat dilakukan melalui Rapat Umum Luar Biasa (RULB) dengan syarat dilakukan dengan cara musyawarah mufakat, semangat kekeluargaan dan tidak melanggar undang-undang
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Sundin, George W., Saranga P. Kidambi, Matthias Ullrich y Carol L. Bender. "Resistance to ultraviolet light in Pseudomonas syringae: sequence and functional analysis of the plasmid-encoded rulAB genes". Gene 177, n.º 1-2 (enero de 1996): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1119(96)00273-9.
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Ergin, Demirali Yaşar. "Developing the Scale of Classroom Management Skills". Journal of Education and Training Studies 7, n.º 4 (24 de marzo de 2019): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i4.4024.
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In general sense, management uses sources of organization voluminously to reach the common goals of the participants of the organization. Classroom management uses the sources of the classroom participant (student, teacher, school management) to be successful. Success at education may be reached if teacher, with the status of classroom manager, can perform management processes effectively. The most important factor at success at education is teacher’s level of classroom management skills. Classroom management skills cannot be dissociated from general management skills. Processes such as planning, coordination, organization, communication, making decisions, and prize-reward are also necessary for classroom management. Teacher’s success at these processes also determines his success at the teaching conducted with his students.The study was conducted with 788 students chosen randomly from Trakya University. Varimax rotated exploratory factor analysis was used as scale development statistics to ascertain sub-dimensions. Item-total correlation coefficient and item-remainder correlation coefficient, Cronbach and Rulon coefficient were calculated to determine the reliability. The scale was found to be valid, reliable and available as a result of statistical procedures.
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Rojas, Iris. "Riesgo de tendinitis de muñeca por movimientos repetitivos en terapeutas físicos de la clínica San Juan de Dios Lima - 2012". Ciencia y Desarrollo 17, n.º 1 (9 de agosto de 2016): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21503/cyd.v17i1.1101.
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Objetivo: determinar el nivel de riesgo de tendinitis de muñeca por movimientos repetitivos en terapeutas físicos de la Clínica San Juan de Dios Lima – 2012.Metodología: Tipo Descriptivo – Explicativo y el diseño no experimental – corte transversal, con una muestra de 25 terapeutas Físicos, se aplicó el instrumento Job Strain Index (Moore & Garg), Dinamometría y la Escala Análoga Visual de Dolor.Resultados: Analizando las tareas de los fisioterapista con pelota, balancín, rulo y movilizaciones de abducción y aducción del miembro inferior del paciente, se concluye que el nivel de riesgo es alto en el 100% de las tareas según Job Strain Index, en la escala de análoga visual de dolor representa 80% de la población del total de dolor leve, moderado y fuerte en muñecas. Finalmente los resultados de la dinamometría son comparados según los referentes internacionales.Conclusión: Existe evidencias suficientes para confirmar la hipótesis general planteada.Palabras Clave: Riesgo de tendinitis de muñeca, movimientos repetitivos.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21503/CienciayDesarrollo.2014.v17i1.05
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Fuenzalida E., Mauricio. "Vislumbres de la historia de rulo ‘secano’ en la toponimia chilena actual". Boletín de filología 58, n.º 1 (junio de 2023): 309–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-93032023000100309.
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Chanda Rani y Puja Ahuja. "Construction and standardization of Achievement test in Accountancy". international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 7, n.º 1 (28 de febrero de 2023): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2023.v07i01.011.
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This present study is an attempt to construct and standardized a test in Accountancy to measure the achievement of students of XI class. A list of 86 items has been prepared which contains the objective type (multiple choice, fill-ups and true/ false) items related to the Accountancy subject and this test is based on the XI class syllabi prescribed by the Board of School Education, Haryana (BSEH). A list of 86 items has been given to some professors in the field of education and subject experts alongwith 5 students of XI class to examine the linguistic ambiguity, item difficulty and relevance. After discussion with subject experts, professors and students some of the items were eliminated and modified. The second draft which contains 77 items has been administered on 50 students of the XI class. 51 items having difficulty value and discriminating power ranging from 0.20 to 0.80 were retained in this achievement test. The reliability of the test was found 0.87 and 0.86 by using the Split half method and Rulon and Flanagan Formulas respectively. Content validity was established with the help of experts in the field of commerce and education.
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Walker, David A. "A Comparison of the Spearman-Brown and Flanagan-Rulon Formulas for Split Half Reliability under Various Variance Parameter Conditions". Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods 5, n.º 2 (1 de noviembre de 2005): 443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1162354620.
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Cazorla, F. M., J. C. Codina, C. Abad, E. Arrebola, J. A. Torés, J. Murillo, A. Pérez-García y A. de Vicente. "62-kb Plasmids Harboring rulAB Homologues Confer UV-tolerance and Epiphytic Fitness to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae Mango Isolates". Microbial Ecology 56, n.º 2 (6 de diciembre de 2007): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-007-9346-7.
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Jimenez-Castellanos, Oscar y David G. Martinez. "Financing Education in a Climate of Change, 12th Edition by Vern Brimley, Deborah A. Verstegen, and Rulon R. Garfield". Journal of Education Finance 41, n.º 3 (2016): 382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jef.2016.0002.
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Atılgan, Mehmet. "Antik Çağın En Önemli Yazı Malzemesi: Papirüs". Bilgi Dünyası 7, n.º 2 (31 de octubre de 2006): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.15612/bd.2006.378.
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Antik çağda kullanılan en önemli yazı malzemesi papirüstür. Papirüsten önce; çanak-çömlek parçaları, yassı taşlar, bronz, kurşun, kalay, bakır, gümüş ve altın madenlerinden yapılan levhalar kullanılırdı. Bunların yanı sıra bitki kökleri ve yapraklarından yapılan yazı malzemeleri, balmumu ile sıvanmış tahta levhalar, fildişinden yapılan levhalar ve keten kamışından yapılan organik yazı malzemeleri de kullanılmıştır. Ancak bunların hiçbiri papirüs kadar etkili, önemli ve kalıcı olamamıştır. Papirüs ilk defa M.Ö. 3300’lü yıllarda Eski Mısır’da yapılarak kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra tüm Akdeniz ülkelerine yayılarak kullanılmaya başlanan ve en geniş kullanım alanına sahip yazı malzemesi olmuştur. Papirüs kâğıdı önemimi M.S. XI. yüzyıla kadar korumuştur. Papirüs kâğıtları beyazlığına, inceliğine, boyutlarına ve cilasına göre değişik renklerde, farklı cins ve kalitede oluyordu. Papirüs kâğıdı kalite, uzunluk ve benzeri özelliklerine göre farklı fiyatlarla satılırdı. Papirüs kalınlığına, genişliğine, rengine ve kullanım alanlarına göre ayrı ayrı isimler alıyordu. Bu isimler hem papirüsün kalitesini gösteriyor, hem kullanım alanlarını belirtiyor, hem de fiyatlarını yansıtıyordu. Papirüsün üzerine matematik, astronomi, tıp, sihir, büyü ve dinselmetinler, kral listeleri, coğrafi listeler, şehir listeleri, ölüler kitapları ve okul kitapları, mitolojik yazılar, macera ve coğrafya yazıları gibi bilimsel ve edebi yazılar yazılırdı. Yazı ile doldurulan papirüs, rulo ve kodeks fleklinde, kutu ve deri kılıflara konularak saklanır ve taşınırdı.
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William, Asuk Unyejit. "Innovative Assessment and Quality Education in Nigeria". Journal of Advances in Education and Philosophy 6, n.º 7 (5 de julio de 2022): 360–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/jaep.2022.v06i07.002.
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This study investigated the influence of innovative assessment on quality education in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted the correlation research design. The population for the study was made up of all the teachers in the senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The proportionate stratified simple random sampling technique was used to draw 300 teachers as the sample size of the study. The instrument for data collection was titled “Influence of Innovative Assessment on Quality Education (INAQE)” designed by the researcher. The instrument was validated by experts in instrument designers, Quality Assurance and Measurement and Evaluation. In the internal consistency of the instrument the RULON statistical technique was used. Five research questions were answered using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) while the five hypotheses were tested by transforming the scores to t-test statistics at 5% probability level. The results showed significant relationship between teachers’ innovative assessment of, for and as learning and quality education, teachers’ innovative assessment skills and quality education, teachers’ non-uniformity in the innovative assessment techniques and quality education, teachers’ innovative assessment of large class size and quality education. Consequently, recommendation such as teachers to employ the use of innovative assessment of, for and as learning, Federal and States ministries of education to commence the training of teachers on innovative assessment to enhance quality education.
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Schurle, Bryan. "Penson, John, Rulon Pope, and Michael Cook. Introduction to Agricultural Economics . Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice‐Hall, 1986, xvi + 566 pp., $@@‐@@29.95". American Journal of Agricultural Economics 69, n.º 1 (febrero de 1987): 202–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1241336.
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Ergin, Demirali Yaşar. "Environmental Awareness of Teacher Candidates". World Journal of Education 9, n.º 1 (16 de febrero de 2019): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wje.v9n1p152.
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The aim of this research was to determine the environmental awareness of teacher candidates. According to this aimthe research was carried out with a total of 532 students randomly selected from all departments of Trakya UniversityFaculty of Education and Pedagogical Formation program students during the fall semester of 2016-2017.“Environmental Awareness Scale" prepared by the researcher was used as data collection tool. The scale consists of71 items with a rating of 4. For each sub-scale, the internal consistency was determined by calculating the item-totalcorrelation coefficient and item-remainder correlation coefficient. In the same way, t-test between the upper quartileand the lower quartile was applied to detect the discrimination power of the items. For the scale and sub-scales, thereliability was determined by calculating the Cronbach and Rulon coefficients. It was determined that the scaleconsisting of 3 factors was valid, reliable and usable after statistical procedures. High scores in all items and factorsindicate positive environmental awareness.A questionnaire consisting of 19 questions prepared by the researcher was used to collect data about the independentvariables of the research. The questionnaire contains questions about nature love as well as demographiccharacteristics such as gender and age. The statistical analysis of data featured t test, variance analysis and LSDmethods for Post hoc analysis to determine the source of variation. In this research, generally it was found that theenvironmental awareness of the candidate teachers was very high.
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Sesma, Ane, George W. Sundin y Jesús Murillo. "Closely Related Plasmid Replicons Coexisting in the PhytopathogenPseudomonas syringae Show a Mosaic Organization of the Replication Region and Altered Incompatibility Behavior". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, n.º 10 (1 de octubre de 1998): 3948–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.10.3948-3953.1998.
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ABSTRACT Many Pseudomonas syringae strains contain native plasmids that are important for host-pathogen interactions, and most of them contain several coexisting plasmids (pPT23A-like plasmids) that cross-hybridize to replication sequences from pPT23A, which also carries a gene cluster coding for the phytotoxin coronatine inP. syringae pv. tomato PT23. In this study, three functional pPT23A-like replicons were cloned from P. syringae pv. glycinea race 6, suggesting that the compatibility of highly related replicons is a common feature of P. syringae strains. Hybridization experiments using three separate incompatibility determinants previously identified from pPT23A and the rulAB (UV radiation tolerance) genes showed that the organization of the replication region among pPT23A-like plasmids from several P. syringae pathovars is poorly conserved. The putative repA gene from four pPT23A-like replicons from P. syringae pv. glycinea race 6 was amplified by using specific primers. The restriction profiles of the resulting PCR products for the race 6 plasmids were more similar to each other than they were to that of pPT23A. These data, together with the existence of other cross-hybridizing DNA regions around the replicon among the race 6 pPT23A-like plasmids, suggest that some of these plasmids may have originated from duplication events. Our results also imply that modifications of the repA sequences and the poor conservation of putative maintenance determinants contribute to the suppression of incompatibility among members of the pPT23A-like family, thus enhancing the genomic plasticity of P. syringae.
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Nazilə Salmanova, Nazilə Salmanova, Teyfə Şərifova Teyfə Şərifova, Gülşən Həsənzadə Gülşən Həsənzadə y Gülnar Əvəzova Gülnar Əvəzova. "ÜZVI MƏNŞƏLİ MƏİŞƏT TULLANTILARINDAN ALINMIŞ KOMPOST". PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 15, n.º 04 (15 de abril de 2022): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/pahtei15042022-92.
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İnkişaf etməkdə olan ölkələr müxtəlif növ üzvi tullantıların idarə olunmasında ciddi ekoloji, sosial və iqtisadi problemlərlə üzləşir. Bu problemləri bərk tullantıların idarə olunması sistemlərində həll etmək üçün müvafiq emal strategiyaları qəbul edilməlidir. Üzvi tullantıların bütün emalı variantları arasında tullantı zibilliklərinin aradan qaldırılmasında kompostlama metodu effektiv strategiya kimi təsdiq olunmuşdur. Son onilliklər ərzində, demək olar ki, bütün dünyada bərk tullantıların miqdarı çox sürətlə artmışdır. Bu artım ilk növbədə əhali artımı ilə əlaqələndirilir. Halbuki, iqtisadi inkişaf və bununla əlaqədar urbanizasiyanın inkişafına görə müasir həyat tərzi və standartlar tullantıların əmələ gəlməsinin sürətlənməsinə böyük səbəb olmuşdur. 2016-cı ildə dünya şəhərlərində əmələ gələn bərk tullantıların miqdarı təqirbən 2 milyard ton olmuşdur. Tullantıların əmələ gəlməsində bu artım ətraf mühit sisteminin müxtəlif komponentlərinə təzyiq göstərmiş və pozmuşdur. Müvafiq olaraq, bərk tullantılar üçün uyğun və ekoloji cəhətdən təmiz idarəetmə strategiyasının həyata keçirilməsi bütün dünyada aktual məsələ hesab edilir, halbuki bu tullantıların təkrar istifadəsi və təkrar emalı dairəvi iqtisadiyyat çərçivəsində bərk tullantıların vahid idarəetmə sistemlərində ən üstün yanaşma kimi təsnif edilir. Bu baxımdan, təkrar emal, təkrar istifadə və resurs səmərəliliyinin artırılması yolu ilə iqtisadi dayanıqlığı artırmaq üçün, Avropa Parlamenti bu yaxınlarda müxtəlif qanunvericilik təkliflərini, o cümlədən AB-nin gübrə tənzimləməsini ehtiva edən dairəvi iqtisadiyyat fəaliyyət planını qəbul etmişdir. Plan AB bazarında gübrə məhsullarının istehsalını və ticarətini yaxşılaşdırmaq məqsədi daşıyır. Yeni plan üzvi tullantılardan əldə edilən gübrə (kompost) kimi üzvi məhsullar da daxil olmaqla müxtəlif gübrə qruplarını əhatə edir. Üzvi tullantıların kənd təsərrüfatında istifadə edilə bilən qida maddələrinə çevrilməsini yaxşılaşdırdığına görə, bu yanaşma həm insanların, həm də ətraf mühitin maraqlarının xeyrinədir. Bu yanaşmaya uyğun olaraq və üzvi fraksiya əsasən məişət tullantılarından yaranan tullantıların böyük bir hissəsini təşkil etdiyinə görə, bu bioloji parçalanan hissə qeyri-düzgün emal nəticəsində atılmaqdansa təkrar emal oluna və bitki qidalarının potensial mənbəyi kimi istifadə edilə bilər. Buna baxmayarq, qeyd etmək lazımdır ki, təzə üzvi bərk tullantıların torpağa birbaşa tətbiqi tövsiyə edilmir. Xüsusilə, emal edilməmiş/qeyri-stabil üzvi bərk tullantıların torpağa əlavə edilməsi xüsusi maddələr və ya düzgün olmayan böyümə şəraiti ilə bitkilərin böyüməsinə, eləcə də, bitkilər üçün zəruri olan qida maddələrinin hərəkətsizliyi, balansızlığı, fitotoksisitlik və ağır metalların, patogen bakteriyaların və qeyri-üzvi duzların mövcudluğuna təsir göstərir, bu da son nəticədə bitkinin ləng inkişafına səbəb olur. Nəticə etibarilə, düzgün biokimyəvi texnologiyaların tətbiqi sonradan kənd təsərrüfatı sahələrində təhlükəsiz istifadə oluna bilən bu qida maddələrinin bərpasına gətirib çıxarır. Müvafiq olaraq, gübrələmə texnologiyası üzvi tullantıların təkrar emal edilməsi və yüksək qida tərkibli və aşağı patogen mikroorqanizmli faydalı “gübrə” məhsuluna çevrilməsi üçün effektiv idarəetmə yanaşmasına çevrilmişdir. Bu eksperimental tədqiqat üzvi tullantılardan ayrılmış kompost istehsalı potensialının öyrənilməsinə yönəlmişdir. Tədqiqat işində xammal kimi bazar tullantıları (meyvə və tərəvəz) və bağ tullantılarından (bitki qalıqları) istifadə edilmişdir. Onlar açıq meydançada rulon yığım üsulu ilə kompostlaşmaya məruz qalmışlar. Prosesə bir neçə fiziki, kimyəvi və bioloji parametrlərə görə nəzarət edilmiş, yerində ölçmələr (temperatur və nəmlik) gündəlik olaraq aparılmışdır. Sınaq və laboratoriya analizlərinin seçilməsi bütün bioloji emal müddəti ərzində aparılmışdır. Son məhsulun normaya uygun nəmlik, ph, elektrik keçiriciliyi (EK), karbon/azot nisbəti müəyyən olunmuşdur. Kompostun bütün təhlil edilmiş nümunələri ağır metalların daha aşağı konsentrasiyalarına malik olmuşdur. Ümumiyyətlə, əldə edilən nəticələr kompostlaşmanın məişət üzvi tullantılarının emalı üçün perspektiv bir üsul olduğunu, həmçinin, yüksək keyfiyyətli kompost istehsalında separasiya üsulu ilə toplama metodunun effektivliyini göstərir. Açar sözlər: məişət üzvi tullantıları; rulon üsulu ilə kompostlama; bərk tullantıların idarə edilməsi.
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Sarwiningsih, Rida. "The Comparison Accuracy Estimation of Test Reliability Coefficients for National Chemistry Examination in Jambi Province on Academic Year 2014/2015". JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) 2, n.º 1 (1 de mayo de 2017): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jkpk.v2i1.8740.
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<p>This research aims to compare the internal consistency of reliability coefficient on classical test theory. Estimation accuracy of internal consistency reliability coefficient used several methods of the coefficient reliability formulation. The methods are Split-Half Method, Cronbach Alpha formula, and Kuder Richardson formula. Determination of the test reliability coefficients used also some formula and then their results were compared with the results of their estimation accuracy. This research is a quantitative descriptive. Data were analyzed based on responses of national chemistry examination in Jambi province on academic year 2014/2015. The data of students answer sheets were taken using proportional stratified random sampling technique. There are 200 students’ responses from 162 schools (132 public schools and 30 private schools) in Jambi province. The form of data were dichotomy data and analyzed using Split-Half Method. Their reliabilities were analyzed using Cronbach Alpha formula and Kuder Richardson formula. Reliability criteria used consist of five conditions, they are 0.5; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8 and 0.9. The results of this research indicated that (a) the coefficient of reliability in classical test theory developed by measurement experts (using Split-Half Method, Cronbach Alpha formula and Kuder Richardson formula) have varying estimates of accuracy; (b) average reliability coefficients have the precision estimation about of 0.78 up to 0.8; (c) the reliability coefficient using Spearman Brown formula was 0.78, with Rulon formula was 0.78, Flanagan formula was 0.77, Cronbach Alpha formula was 0.838, the KR20 formula was 0.838, and KR21 formula was 0.82<em>1.</em></p>
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Doğan, Coşkun, Demirali Yaşar Ergin y Hikmet Asutay. "Toplum Çevirmenliği Ölçeği’nin Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması". RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, n.º 39 (21 de abril de 2024): 1047–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1471530.
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Son yüzyılın yarısından itibaren, çeviri alanında yaşanan değişim, daha önce dilbilimin bir alt alanı olan çevirinin, bilimsel alan olarak ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Çalışma alanı gittikçe genişleyen çeviri etkinliğinin ana başlıklarından olan sözlü çevirinin alt türevlerinden biri toplum çevirmenliğidir. Toplum çevirmenliği, farklı sosyo- kültürel yapıya sahip toplumlar arasında etkileşimi sağlamak açısından hem önemli bir dilsel iletişim hem de bir toplumsal uyum hizmeti sunmaktadır. Toplum çevirmenliği, kendi içerisinde farklı çalışma alanları olan ve özellikle göçmenlerin bulundukları ülkelerde insan hakları çerçevesinde kamu hizmetlerinde faydalanmaları yönünde gönüllü çeviri hizmeti sunmaktadır. Ancak çok yeni olan ve henüz tanınmayan toplum çevirmenliği, kültürlerarası üstlendiği ve yürüttüğü sözlü çeviri çalışmaları pek tanınmamaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı toplum çevirmenliği hakkındaki görüşleri düzeylerinin saptanmasını sağlayacak ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Araştırma, Trakya Üniversitesi 2021-2022 bahar dönemi Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi ve Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi yabancı dil eğitimi bölümleri öğrencileri ile bu bölümler mezunu olup Edirne ilinde görev yapmakta olan öğretmenlerden rastgele seçilen 262 katılımcı ile yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan " Toplum Çevirmenliği Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Ölçek 4'lü derecelemeli 18 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Ölçek geliştirme istatistiği olarak alt boyutların belirlenmesinde Varimax rotasyonlu açımlayıcı faktör analizi kullanılmıştır. Her bir alt boyut için iç tutarlılık, madde-toplam korelasyon katsayısı ve madde-kalan korelasyon katsayısı ile belirlenmiştir. Benzer şekilde, ayırt etme gücünü belirlemek için üst ve alt çeyrekler arasında t-testi uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini belirlemek için ölçek ve alt boyutlar için Cronbach ve Rulon katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan istatistiksel işlemler sonucunda 10 olumlu, 8 olumsuz madde olmak üzere toplam 4 alt boyuttan oluşan ölçeğin geçerli, güvenilir ve kullanılabilir olduğu kanıtlanmıştır.
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Sembiring, Milisi, Martina Girsang, Esron Ambarita y Sondang Manik. "Translating Politeness of Persadaan Tendi Texts in Karonese Language Into English". Theory and Practice in Language Studies 13, n.º 6 (1 de junio de 2023): 1444–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1306.13.
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This paper aims to explore the politeness of persadaan tendi texts in Karonese language and translate them into English. Persadaan tendi or mukul is the process by which the bride and groom introduce themselves to their new relatives. This study was conducted using descriptive qualitative research and supported by translation and pragmatics analyses. There are three data sources of this study; from two books titled Adat Karo Si Rulo written by Ginting (2008) and Indahnya Perkawinan Adat Karo by Milala (2007); and from the researchers’ observations as participants at persadaan tendi ceremonies in Tigabinanga sub-district, Karo Regency and Tuntungan sub-district, Medan, North Sumatra. The results reveal that in persadaan tendi texts there are linguistic and cultural forms of politeness which are kalimbubu, kampil, and manok sangkep as cultural politeness. The second singular pronoun kam subject and the enclitic pronoun –ndu means ’your’, and endi or ‘here’ are linguistic politeness. Rebu (social avoidance to talk directly) among the rebu participants in Karonese society is cultural politeness. These examples of linguistic and cultural politeness in the source language (SL) are not found in the target language (TL). Molina and Albir’s (2002) translation technique of description, supported by critical discourse analysis and semantic analysis is workable to overcome untranslatable of the cultural and linguistic politeness in the SL.
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Bader, Nicholas E., Patrick K. Spencer, Alexandra S. Bailey, Karen M. Gastineau, Emily R. Tinkler, Christopher J. Pluhar y Bruce N. Bjornstad. "A loess record of pre-Late Wisconsin glacial outburst flooding, Pleistocene paleoenvironment, and Irvingtonian fauna from the Rulo site, southeastern Washington, USA". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 462 (noviembre de 2016): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.08.042.
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Karpov, Anatolii V. y Tat'yana V. Razina. "Technique for Studying Motivation Toward Scientific Activity: Development and Practical Application". Российский психологический журнал 15, n.º 2/1 (30 de septiembre de 2018): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21702/rpj.2018.2.1.4.
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Introduction. As our analysis has shown, the literature offers very few publications that address the issue of diagnosing motives for scientific activity in adult research professionals. Being guided by the principles of the meta-system approach, we developed the concept of motivation toward scientific activity as a theoretical foundation for the appropriate diagnostic technique. According to this concept, motivation toward scientific activity includes 10 various motivational subsystems (groups of motives) such as external, internal, value, cognitive, reflexive, and indirect ones, competition-, security-, and achievement-related motives, and anti-motivation. These subsystems are reflected in the corresponding scales of the developed technique.
Methods. A total of 944 research professionals at various research institutes, including universities, and commercial scientific organizations from different cities of the Russian Federation participated in this study. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to select tasks for the technique.
Results. The final version included 70 items (7 for each of the 10 scales), of which 25,71% were ‘reverse-worded’ and 74,29% were ‘positive-worded’. The technique met the criteria of test-retest reliability (r= .899, р = .001), half-split reliability (Spearman–Brown: r= .822, p = .001; Rulon: r= .814, p = .01), and internal consistency reliability (r= .814, p≤ .05). The authors determined empirical validity of the technique by examining the relationship between scientific productivity and motivation. The Motivational Profile test by W. Richie and P. Martin was instrumental in testing construct validity. A Shapiro–Wilk test showed that the scores for each scale were normally distributed, which made it possible to use sten-score scales.
Discussion. The practice of psychological support of research activity at the RAS research institutes and R&D commercial organizations enabled authors to provide recommendations for chiefs, psychologists, and human resource managers for managing and optimizing the structure and level of motivation among research workers and increasing their labour productivity.
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Cruzado Ulloa, Flavia Avelina. "Manejo de la Anemia Ferropénica en gestantes con dieta de sangre de Cuy “Cavia Porcellus” versus Sulfato Ferroso en las instituciónes prestadoras de servicios de EsSalud – ESSALUD, Clínica San Miguel Arcángel de San Juan de Lurigancho, año 2014." Ciencia y Desarrollo 22, n.º 2 (2 de julio de 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21503/cyd.v22i2.1752.
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Este es un estudio de naturaleza Aplicativa, experimental, retrospectivo, y longitudinal, en donde se seleccionaron gestantes con diagnóstico de anemia ferropénica que llevaron sus controles pre natales en las Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicios de Salud – ESSALUD – Clínica San Miguel de San Juan de Lurigancho en el año 2014. Este estudio nos permitió demostrar los beneficios nutricionales del uso de la dieta a base de la sangre de cuy en el tratamiento complementario de la anemia ferropénica en gestantes versus las gestantes que recibieron suplemento de sulfato ferroso. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 80 gestantes que corresponden a un nivel de confianza muestral del 98% y a un error relativo de e = 1,677…..%. Para la obtención de la información se aplicó una encuesta estructura, además de las Historias Clínicas Seleccionadas con el diagnóstico de estudio (Instrumento previamente valorado) que acudían a la consulta externa entre los meses de abril-setiembre del 2014.El instrumento de recolección de datos estuvo conformado por 03 segmentos, en la primera de ellas conformadas por cuatro datos de filiación, resumiéndose en los datos personales, Antecedentes personales, embarazo actual y los resultados complementarios de laboratorio; la segunda parte conformado por el cuadro de seguimiento del consumo de la dieta de sangre de cuy, y la tercera parte por los datos de control de la Hemoglobina en cada una de las gestantes del estudio. La validez y la confiabilidad del instrumento se realizó según los métodos de Spearman- Brown (0,890), Rulo n-Guttman (0,883) y Alfa de Cronback (0,854). Para el análisis de la información se aplicaron las pruebas estadísticas de Chi Cuadrado, Media, Desviación Estándar, T de Student (en la construcción de intervalos de confianza) y Z de la Normal.
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Watson, S. R., L. J. Giesler, A. D. Ziems y T. E. Brovont. "First Report of Soybean Rust Caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in Nebraska". Plant Disease 92, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2008): 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-11-1588c.
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Soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow was first observed in the continental United States in Louisiana in November 2004 (2). As part of the national soybean rust monitoring effort, samples were collected on 3 October 2007 during the scouting of fields with green leaves in southeastern Nebraska. After incubation at room temperature for 24 h, uredinea and urediniospores were observed with microscopic examination. Urediniospores were obovoid, hyaline to pale brown, and measured 20 to 30 × 18 to 20 μm. The observed morphology was typical of P. pachyrhizi (1). In addition to microscopic observation, P. pachyrhizi was confirmed with real-time (q)-PCR with Taq DNA polymerase on 4 October 2007 with the q-PCR standard operating procedure version 1.9 outlined by the USDA-CSREES and utilized by the National Plant Diagnostic Network with appropriate positive and negative controls (1). Samples initially identified with soybean rust were from Richardson County near the town of Rulo and in Otoe County south of Nebraska City. On 12 October 2007, soybean rust was confirmed in adjacent Pawnee and Nemaha counties. Soybean rust was identified in six fields with an incidence and severity of less than 1%. In fields where the disease was identified, the disease was distributed in low-lying, shaded areas near wind breaks. Although soybean rust was detected in four southeastern Nebraska counties, soybean yields were not affected by the disease. At the time of first detection, more than 80% of the Nebraska soybean crop was harvested. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. pachyrhizi on soybeans in Nebraska, and currently, the northwestern most find on any host in the continental United States. References: (1) R. D. Frederick et al. Phytopathology 92:217, 2002. (2) R. W. Schneider et al. Plant Dis. 89:774, 2005.
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Tauer, L. "A Comprehensive Assessment of the Role of Risk in US Agriculture Just Richard E., Rulon D. Pope (Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA, 2001, 600 pp., US$ 99, ISBN 079237567X". Agricultural Economics 30, n.º 1 (enero de 2004): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5150(03)00041-0.
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Salevouris, Michael J., Robert W. Brown, Linda Frey, Robert Lindsay, Arthur Q. Larson, Calvin H. Allen, Samuel E. Dicks et al. "Book Reviews". Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 12, n.º 1 (4 de mayo de 1987): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.12.1.31-48.
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Eliot Wigginton. Sometimes a Shining Moment: The Foxfire Experience-- Twenty Years in a High School Classroom. Garden City, New York: Anchor Press/ Doubleday, 1985. Pp. xiv, 438. Cloth, $19.95. Review by Philip Reed Rulon of Northern Arizona University. Eugene Kuzirian and Larry Madaras, eds. Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Issues in American History. Vol. I: The Colonial Period to Reconstruction. Guilford , Connecticut: Dushkin Publishing Group, Inc., 1985. Pp. x, 255. Paper, $8.95. Review by Jayme A. Sokolow of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Lois W. Banner. American Beauty. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1983. Pp. ix, 369. Paper, $9.95. Review by Thomas J. Schlereth of the University of Notre Dame. Alan Heimert and Andrew Delbanco, eds. The Puritans in America: A Narrative Anthology. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1985. Pp. xviii, 438. Cloth, $25.00. Review by Raymond C. Bailey of Northern Virginia Community College. Clarence L. Mohr. On the Threshold of Freedom: Masters and Slaves in Civil War Georgia. Athens and London: The University of Georgia Press, 1986. Pp. xxi, 397. Cloth, $35.00. Review by Charles T. Banner-Haley of the Frederick Douglass Institute for African and African-American Studies, University of Rochester. Francis Paul Prucha. The Indians in American Society: From the Revolutionary War to the Present. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985. Pp. ix, 127. Cloth, $15.95. Review by Darlene E. Fisher of New Trier Township High School, Winnetka, Il. Barry D. Karl. The Uneasy State: The United States from 1915 to 1945. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1983. Pp. x, 257. Paper, $7.95; Robert D. Marcus and David Burner, eds. America Since 1945. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985. Fourth edition. Pp. viii, 408. Paper, $11.95. Review by David L. Nass of Southwest State University, Mn. Michael P. Sullivan. The Vietnam War: A Study in the Making of American Policy. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky, 1985. Pp. 198. Cloth, $20.00. Review by Joseph L. Arbena of Clemson University. N. Ray Hiner and Joseph M. Hawes, eds. Growing Up In America: Children in Historical Perspective. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1985. Pp. xxv, 310. Cloth, $27.50; Paper, $9.95. Review by Brian Boland of Lockport Central High School, Lockport, IL. Linda A. Pollock. Forgotten Children: Parent-Child Relations from 1500 to 1900. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983. Pp. xi, 334. Cloth, $49.50; Paper, $16.95. Review by Samuel E. Dicks of Emporia State University. Yahya Armajani and Thomas M. Ricks. Middle East: Past and Present. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1986. Second edition. Pp. xiv, 466. Cloth, $16.95. Review by Calvin H. Allen, Jr of The School of the Ozarks. Henry C. Boren. The Ancient World: An Historical Perspective. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1986. Pp. xx, 407. Paper, $22.95. Review by Arthur Q. Larson of Westmar College (Ret.) Geoffrey Treasure. The Making of Modern Europe, 1648-1780. London and New York: Methuen, 1985. Pp. xvii, 647. Cloth, $35.00; Paper, $16.95. Review by Robert Lindsay of the University of Montana. Alexander Rudhart. Twentieth Century Europe. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1986. Pp. xiv, 462. Paper, $22.95. Review by Linda Frey of the University of Montana. Jonathan Powis. Aristocracy. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1984. Pp. ix, 110. Cloth, $24.95; Paper, $8.95. Review by Robert W. Brown of Pembroke State University. A. J. Youngson. The Prince and the Pretender: A Study in the Writing of History. Dover, New Hampshire: Croom Helm, Ltd., 1985. Pp. 270. Cloth, $29.00. Review Michael J. Salevouris of Webster University.
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"Rulon D. Pope". American Journal of Agricultural Economics 78, n.º 5 (diciembre de 1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajae/78.5.viii.
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