Bibliografías temáticas / Rodenticides – toxicité

Literatura académica sobre el tema "Rodenticides – toxicité"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 18 de mayo de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Rodenticides – toxicité"

Babii, V. F. y D. O. Hlavachek. "Rodenticides as the basis of deratisation: general characteristics, classification, mechanisms of action, features of application and prospects (review of literature data)". Environment & Health, n.º 4 (109) (diciembre de 2023): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.04.046.

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The aim of work is to analyze the current state of the use of rodenticides to control rodents in various areas of human activity, as well as prospects for improving rodenticides. Materials and methods of research: bibliosemantic, bibliographic and analytical methods of research. The research materials were foreign research articles. Research results and discussion. Various methods are used around the world to directly control rodent populations or reduce the damage caused by them. These methods include physical (traps, barriers), chemical (toxic baits, fumigants, repellents), biological/cultural (resistant plants, crop type, sanitation, habitat manipulation). The use of chemicals for rodent control has been practiced for almost a century and is common today. Most rodenticides used today are anticoagulants, which prevent blood clotting. The biological effectiveness of rodent control is determined not only by the toxicity of the rodenticide drug, but also by many other conditions that are closely related to the biological characteristics of the development of rodents. All rodenticides are enteric drugs. The mechanism of toxic effects of drugs in this group is different and is determined by the active substances on the basis of which they are made. The article presents various approaches to the classification of rodenticides and describes the ways of their impact on target and non-target animal species. The risk and toxicity of the most commonly used rodenticides, which have different chemical compositions and can have a wide range of clinical manifestations, are also assessed. The amount of bait that constitutes a lethal dose depends on the toxicity of the poison and the severity of the person. Conclusion: among the prospects for the further use of rodenticides, the leading place is occupied by the development of an “ideal rodenticide”, highly toxic to rodents in small quantities, non-toxic to non-target species and allows to avoid fear of the bait in rodents and, accordingly, rejection of it.

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Sakthivel, P. y P. Neelanarayanan. "Efficacy of Germinated Cereals as Bait Carrier for Zinc Phosphide and Bromadiolone against Field and Commensal Rodent Pests: A Laboratory Evaluation". Advances in Zoology 2014 (7 de agosto de 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/565306.

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Both sexes of rodent pests such as Bandicota bengalensis, Millardia meltada, Mus booduga, and Rattus rattus were subjected to toxicity tests (acute rodenticide: 1.5% and 2% zinc phosphide and chronic rodenticide: bromadiolone (0.005%), under no-choice and choice tests) by using their preferred germinated cereals, namely, paddy, pearl millet, and finger millet, as bait base, individually. The results indicated that the poison baits in the germinated cereals induced all the chosen four species of rodent pests to consume greater quantities of bait perhaps due to the bait carrier’s palatability and texture. Besides these, the chosen three germinated cereals proved themselves that they are also capable of acting as suitable bait base for both selected rodenticides in bringing maximum mortality among the tested rodent pests under both no-choice and choice tests. Therefore, these germinated cereals may be recommended as a bait carrier for both zinc phosphide (2%) and bromadiolone (0.005%) poisons for the control of all these four species of rodent pests under field conditions. However, this requires field based trials with rodenticides for making a final recommendation.

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Heggem-Perry, Brittany, Maureen McMichael, Mauria O'Brien y Clara Moran. "Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Therapy for Bromethalin Toxicity in a Dog". Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 52, n.º 4 (1 de julio de 2016): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-6396.

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ABSTRACT Bromethalin is a central nervous system toxin currently incorporated into several different rodenticides. In 2008, the EPA requested that manufacturers phase out second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides. In response, manufacturers began to increase production of bromethalin-based rodenticides. It is likely that pet exposure to bromethalin will increase in the future. Bromethalin has no known antidote and tends to deposit in fat. Intravenous lipid emulsions (ILEs) are being used with increasing frequency in both human and veterinary medicine to treat numerous acute systemic toxicities. A 4 yr old spayed female Pit bull terrier was presented following witnessed ingestion of bromethalin rodenticide by the owners. Decontamination was unsuccessful and ILE was started. Serum was frozen at −80°C before and 1 hr after completion of ILE. In rats, the half-life of desmethylbromethalin, the toxic metabolite, has been reported at 5.6 days and 6 days, and it is likely to be similar in dogs. The only intervention between the pre-lipid serum sample and the post-lipid serum sample was the administration of ILE, and the serum desmethylbromethalin levels were reduced by 75% (from 4 ppb to 1 ppb) during this time. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing treatment of bromethalin ingestion with ILE.

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DuVall, Michael D., Michael J. Murphy, Allen C. Ray y John C. Reagor. "Case Studies on Second-Generation Anticoagulant Rodenticide Toxicities in Nontarget Species". Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 1, n.º 1 (enero de 1989): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063878900100118.

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Specimens from 10 cases of second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide poisoning in dogs and cats were submitted to the Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory during 1986 and 1987. The clinical signs most frequently observed were lethargy, dyspnea, and ventral hematomas; common necropsy findings included hemoperitoneum, hemothorax, and pulmonary hemorrhage. In the instances when histopathological examination of the tissue was done, it supported a diagnosis of coagulopathy. The presence of anticoagulants in serum or liver was confirmed by high pressure liquid chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, or a combination of the two. Five cases of brodifacoum poisoning, 2 of bromadiolone, and 3 of diphacinone toxicity were verified. Concentrations of these rodenticides ranged from approximately 0.001 to 12 ppm.

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Padgett, SL, JE Stokes, RL Tucker y LG Wheaton. "Hematometra secondary to anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity". Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 34, n.º 5 (1 de septiembre de 1998): 437–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-34-5-437.

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An adult, intact female Australian shepherd presented for frank vaginal bleeding of unknown duration. The only coagulation profile abnormality upon presentation was mild prolongation of the partial thromboplastin time (PTT). The uterus was removed at surgery and contained a large amount of coagulated blood. Clotting profiles were markedly abnormal 48 hours postoperatively. Serum analysis was positive for brodifacoum, an anticoagulant rodenticide. Preoperative coagulation was most likely normalized by vitamin K1 therapy administered prior to presentation. The only manifestation of anticoagulant rodenticide was hematometra. Rodenticide intoxication should be considered in the differential diagnosis list of hematometra or metrorrhagia.

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Abder-Rahman, H. A., A. H. Battah, Y. M. Ibraheem, M. S. Shomaf y N. Ei-Batainch. "Aluminum Phosphide Fatalities, New Local Experience". Medicine, Science and the Law 40, n.º 2 (abril de 2000): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580240004000214.

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Aluminum phosphide (AlP) pesticide is a highly toxic, low cost, and easily accessible rodenticidal agent. Its toxicity results from the liberation of phosphine gas upon exposure to moisture, which leads to multisystem involvement, resulting in serious consequences. The highly toxic parathion insecticide was a common cause of mortality in pesticide fatalities, prior to its banning. Its toxicity was familiar to the public as well as to physicians. Recently, ten fatalities due to AlP were encountered within a three-month period during spring, when it was used as a rodenticide in the vicinity of grain stores. The victims' ages ranged from 1–34 years. The circumstances of death were accidental in six cases, suicidal in two and possibly homicidal in two cases. Retrospectively, the clinical manifestations, scene investigation, autopsy, histological and toxicological findings supported the diagnosis of AlP intoxication. Immediate recognition was difficult due to unfamiliarity of the agent to the physicians. The occurrence of these fatalities might suggest changes of pattern in pesticide poisoning. This should raise the attention of the physician to the problem of AlP poisoning and also necessitates the awareness of the public to the hazards of this poison. Education, proper handling, strict observation and abiding by the regulations controlling this material are good protective measures against AlP poisoning.

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Sheafor, SE y CG Couto. "Anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity in 21 dogs". Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 35, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1999): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-35-1-38.

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Twenty-three episodes of anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity were found in 21 dogs during a retrospective study conducted at The Ohio State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Dyspnea (57%), lethargy (48%), coughing/hemoptysis (30%), and pallor (26%) were the most common presenting complaints. Prolonged activated clotting time (ACT), prolonged one-stage prothrombin time (OSPT), and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were present in all dogs that had not received any prior therapy. Anemia (83%), thrombocytopenia (61%), hypoproteinemia (57%), positive fibrin degradation products (FDPs) (55%, six of 11 tested), and hyperfibrinogenemia (43%, six of 14 tested) were common hematological findings. Treatment included therapy with vitamin K1, blood products, and supportive care. The survival rate was 83%.

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Wang, Binjie, Junhao Zhu, Anli Wang, Jiye Wang, Yuanzhao Wu y Weixuan Yao. "Early detection of cyanide, organophosphate and rodenticide pollution based on locomotor activity of zebrafish larvae". PeerJ 9 (22 de diciembre de 2021): e12703. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12703.

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Cyanide, organophosphate and rodenticides are highly toxic substances widely used in agriculture and industry. These toxicants are neuro- and organotoxic to mammals at low concentrations, thus early detection of these chemicals in the aqueous environment is of utmost importance. Here, we employed the behavioral toxicity test with wildtype zebrafish larvae to determine sublethal concentrations of the above mentioned common environmental pollutants. After optimizing the test with cyanide, nine rodenticides and an organophosphate were successfully tested. The compounds dose-dependently initially (0–60-min exposure) stimulated locomotor activity of larvae but induced toxicity and reduced swimming during 60–120-min exposure. IC50 values calculated based on swimming distance after 2-h exposure, were between 0.1 and 10 mg/L for both first-generation and second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides. Three behavioral characteristics, including total distance travelled, sinuosity and burst count, were quantitatively analyzed and compared by hierarchical clustering of the effects measured by each three parameters. The toxicity results for all three behavioral endpoints were consistent, suggesting that the directly measured parameter of cumulative swimming distance could be used as a promising biomarker for the aquatic contamination. The optimized method herein showed the potential for utilization as part of a monitoring system and an ideal tool for the risk assessment of drinking water in the military and public safety.

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THOMAS, JB, JC HOOD y F. GASCHK. "Cholecalciferol rodenticide toxicity in a domestic cat". Australian Veterinary Journal 67, n.º 7 (julio de 1990): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1990.tb07792.x.

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Lewis, DC, DS Bruyette, DL Kellerman y SA Smith. "Thrombocytopenia in dogs with anticoagulant rodenticide-induced hemorrhage: eight cases (1990-1995)". Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 33, n.º 5 (1 de septiembre de 1997): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-33-5-417.

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Thrombocytopenia was documented in eight of 11 dogs with anticoagulant rodenticide-induced hemorrhage. Thrombocytopenia was transient and generally mild-to-moderate, but it became marked (i.e., less than 30,000 platelets/microl) in two cases. Petechial hemorrhages were not noted in any case. There was no relationship between hematocrit and platelet count. Platelet count changes in response to treatment with fresh-frozen plasma and isotonic electrolyte solutions were variable. Anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity should be included as a differential diagnosis for dogs with hemorrhage accompanied by mild-to-moderate thrombocytopenia.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Rodenticides – toxicité"

Mahjoub, Tarek. "Etudes des propriétés toxicocinétiques et toxicodynamiques des anticoagulants antivitamines K et leurs impacts environnementaux chez les espèces animales non-cibles". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2023. https://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m6x34xkf.

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Les rodenticides anticoagulants (AR) constituent un moyen incontournable pour lutter contre les rongeurs nuisibles. L'utilisation écoresponsable des AR tend à limiter l'exposition des espèces non-cibles. Aucune étude sur la prévalence des AR chez les animaux n'a été menée en Tunisie. De ce fait, une première enquête toxicologique a montré que les AR sont incriminés parmi les causes les plus fréquentes d'intoxications aigues aux AR chez le chien. De plus, dans une autre étude, nous avons rapporté que les anticoagulants naturels, comme le férulénol produit par Ferula communis peut causer de lourdes pertes chez les éleveurs locaux. Peu d'études se sont intéressées à la toxicocinétique des AR. Pour évaluer la prévalence d'exposition, le choix de la matrice biologique est primordial et constitue un garant de la robustesse de la méthode utilisée. Le foie est le tissu de stockage des AR et constitue le meilleur prélèvement pour mettre en évidence une exposition chez les animaux. Cependant, ce prélèvement n'est disponible que sur les animaux morts. Par ailleurs, le sang et les fèces peuvent être utilisés sur des animaux vivants. Nous avons étudié la comparaison des trois matrices (foie, sang et fèces), en tenant compte de trois facteurs d'influence : la dose, le sexe et le temps. Nos résultats démontrent que les prélèvements fécaux sont plus utiles que les prélèvements plasmatiques pour le suivi de l'exposition aux AR des animaux domestiques et sauvages. Le tableau clinique lors d'une intoxication aigue aux AR est spectaculaire, cependant, les expositions à faibles doses passent inaperçues mais présentent des effets délétères insidieux sur la santé. L'exposition asymptomatique des animaux domestiques aux AR est peu documentée. Notre étude a montré une prévalence limitée chez les chiens et les chats, contrairement à d'autres travaux où la prévalence chez les prédateurs de la faune sauvage est bien supérieure et dont les analyses ont été réalisés sur les foies d'animaux morts de manière opportuniste, sans tenir compte des animaux sains. Ce travail pourrait générer des idées pour de nouvelles stratégies analytiques et permettrait de mieux aborder les particularités toxicocinétiques et toxicodynamiques chez d'autres espèces non-cibles dans le cadre du développement de nouvelles molécules d'AR plus écoresponsables
Anticoagulant rodenticides (AR) are an essential tool for controlling rodent pests. The environmentally responsible use of AR tends to limit the exposure of non-target species. No study on the prevalence of AR in animals has been conducted in Tunisia. Therefore, a first toxicological survey showed that AR are incriminated as one of the most frequent causes of acute AR poisoning in dogs. Moreover, in another study, we reported that natural anticoagulants, such as ferulenol produced by Ferula communis can cause heavy losses to local farmers. Few studies have focused on the toxicokinetics of AR. To monitor these exposure rates, the validation of the appropriate biological matrix is essential and is a major guarantee of the robustness of the analytical method. The liver is the storage tissue for AR and is the best sample for assessing exposure in animals. However, it is only available from dead animals. Blood and feces can be used from live animals. We studied the comparison of the three matrices (liver, blood, and feces), considering three influencing factors: dose, sex, and time. Our results show that fecal samples are more valuable than plasma samples for monitoring AR exposure in domestic and wild animals. The clinical symptoms of acute AR poisoning are dramatic, but low-dose exposures go unnoticed and present insidious deleterious health effects. Asymptomatic exposure of domestic animals to AR is poorly documented. Our study showed limited prevalence in dogs and cats, in contrast to other work where prevalence in wildlife predators is much higher from analyses performed on the livers of opportunistically dead animals, without considering the healthy ones. This work could generate ideas for new analytical strategies. It would allow better addressing toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic properties in other non-target species as part of the development of new, more eco-friendly AR molecules

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Morin, Marie-Françoise. "Etude de l'impact sur le milieu naturel de la bromadiolone, rodonticide anticoagulant : évolution en milieu aqueux et bioaccumulation sur des organismes terrestres et aquatiques". Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2315.

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Libros sobre el tema "Rodenticides – toxicité"

Difenacoum Health and Safety Guide (Health & Safety Guide: 95). World Health Organization, 1995.

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Bromadiolone Health and Safety Guide (Health & Safety Guide: 94). World Health Organization, 1995.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Rodenticides – toxicité"

Bullock, Jesse y Alex Lynch. "Rodenticide Toxicity". En Textbook of Small Animal Emergency Medicine, 841–45. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119028994.ch130.

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Rattner, Barnett A. y F. Nicholas Mastrota. "Anticoagulant Rodenticide Toxicity to Non-target Wildlife Under Controlled Exposure Conditions". En Emerging Topics in Ecotoxicology, 45–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64377-9_3.

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WALTERS, J. "Anticoagulant Rodenticide Toxicity". En Veterinary Emergency Medicine Secrets, 417–20. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-56053-421-1.50110-1.

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Berny, Philippe. "Challenges of Anticoagulant Rodenticides: Resistance and Ecotoxicology". En Pesticides in the Modern World - Pests Control and Pesticides Exposure and Toxicity Assessment. InTech, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/19916.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Rodenticides – toxicité"

Lima, Márcio Pinheiro, Rafael Tuzino Leite Neves Maffei, Pedro Henrique Almeida Fraiman, João Victor Cabral Correia Férrer, Adriel Rêgo Barbosa, Victor Cardoso de Faria, Gabriel Pinheiro Martins de Almeida e. Souza, Ruan Gambardella Rosalina de Azevedo, Lucas Toshio Uenishi y Gisele Sampaio Silva. "Super-refractory status epilepticus after intoxication by quetiapine and carbamate". En XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.584.

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Introduction: Quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic, works through the agonism of multiple brain receptors, including dopaminergic, serotonergic, and adrenergic receptors. Compared to typical antipsychotics, quetiapine has a more favorable profile of adverse reactions. Myoclonus is infrequent. However, there have been reports of quetiapine overdose associated with generalized myoclonus. Electroencephalogram (EEG) modifications linked to the use of quetiapine are unusual. Aldicarb, commonly known as ‘chumbinho’ in Brazil, is a carbamate used as a rodenticide. Its toxicity is caused by the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. A few reported cases of myoclonus related to its use may be due to the anticholinesterase effect causing hyperactivity. This is a case report based on retrospective analysis of the patient’s records. Case report: A 23-year-old woman was admitted after a suicide attempt by ingesting carbamate and quetiapine 36 hours after the attempt. Her initial symptoms were vomiting and sialorrhea, followed by generalized tonic-clonic seizures and coma. At admission, she was already sedated with midazolam, with her last tonic-clonic generalized seizure two hours earlier. Her pupils were myotic, with persistent tachycardia and diffuse muscular hyperexcitability – clonic movements were evoked with minimal stimuli. Brain imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed no alterations. A loading dose of 20 mg/kg of phenytoin was administered. Upon admission, an EEG showed status myoclonus. Midazolam was then titrated to 0.8 mg/kg/h, and clobazam (30 mg/day) and levetiracetam (1.500 mg/day) were added, with resolution of the status epilepticus after three days. Conclusion: Status epilepticus should be considered a possible presentation of quetiapine and carbamate intoxication.

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