Literatura académica sobre el tema "Road passenger company"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Road passenger company"
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Lyubimov, I. I., N. N. Yakunin, N. V. Yakunina y Sh M. Minatullaev. "THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE NUMBER OF ROLLING STOCK UNITS OF PASSENGER ROAD TRANSPORT AND GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCTS". Intellect. Innovations. Investments, n.º 6 (2022): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2022-6-88.
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Passenger road transport plays an important role in the functioning of the state. This thesis can be substantiated by the fact that passenger road transport performs an important social task — the transportation of passengers. Passenger road transport is fully integrated into the transport system of the country and its subjects. The article considers three main types of activities in which passenger road transport is involved. The authors refer the commercial transportation of passengers to the first type, the transportation of passengers for the own needs of the carrier company to the second, and the use of passenger road transport as a means of individual mobility to the third. If we consider these groups from the point of view of the openness of information on them in various databases, then the first type of activity is the most informative, and the second and third are the least informative. Currently, there is no tool for qualitative and quantitative assessment of the impact of passenger road transport on gross regional products (GRP) and their components. This leads to inadequate reactions in the control system, for example in the field of passenger transportation. Increasing the validity of the development of passenger road transport systems by improving the accuracy of assessing its impact on the socio-economic development of regions is an urgent scientific and practical task. The working hypothesis is that passenger road transport is one of the key factors influencing the development of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Finding the relationship between the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the impact of passenger road transport on GRP and their components will create an understandable and informative tool for assessing the socio-economic condition of the subject in particular, and the country as a whole. The work uses methods of system analysis, mathematical statistics, in particular, correlation and regression analysis. When analyzing the data and processing the results, the authors used the discovery of information databases. The aim of the work is to create theoretical prerequisites for an analytical platform for managing the structure of the passenger vehicle fleet in the regions. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the revealed relationship between the number of passenger vehicles and the gross regional products of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (correlation coefficients from 0.57 to 0.79), as well as parts of gross regional products by industry (correlation coefficients from 0.07 to 0.9). For the first time, an indicator of the number of conditional passenger motor transport units in the region is proposed, which gives an integral assessment of the methods of passenger motor transport correspondence, taking into account the categories and classes of vehicles. The practical significance of the study lies in the creation of a modern tool for managing passenger transportation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation by improving the process of operating passenger road transport and managing the number, categories and classes of passenger vehicles. Directions for further research are to apply the above methodology to the integrated management of transport systems of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
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Gao, Shuhan y Zhiyong Wang. "Analysis of Space-time Characteristics of Urban Residents' Travel in Chongqing with Customized Passenger Transport". Academic Journal of Science and Technology 5, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2023): 162–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajst.v5i1.5542.
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Intercity customized passenger transport as a new travel mode has been widely accepted by the road passenger transport industry and enterprises. Under the guidance and support of national policies, passenger transport enterprises all over the country are actively exploring the business practice of inter-city customized passenger transport, which is booming. In this context, this paper uses python and other analysis software to collect the 2021 operation data of Chongqing Yukexing Company and analyze the distribution of gender, age, and refund rate of customized passenger transport of Chongqing residents throughout the year. In addition, the time and space characteristics of customized passenger transport are explored. And then provide data support for relevant enterprises to provide relevant management innovation programs.
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Saputra, Arikha y Dyah Listyorini. "IMPLEMENTATION OF GO RIDE PASSENGER INSURANCE IN ONLINE TRANSPORTATION DUE TO ACCIDENTS". Awang Long Law Review 6, n.º 1 (30 de noviembre de 2023): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.56301/awl.v6i1.999.
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The presence of online transportation is considered to really help the community in the process of mobilizing goods or people. Online transportation is currently very popular among the public, because online transportation is considered cheap and practical. Transportation is a system consisting of facilities and infrastructure, supported by management and human resources which form a service network that functions as a driver, driver and supporter of development. Protection by providing compensation for losses is an important basic basis in insurance, requiring the company to have a legitimate financial interest in the object or event being insured. In the context of online transportation, it is important for companies like Gojek to apply this principle in passenger accident life insurance. This research is a legal research using a normative juridical approach. The specifications of this research are analytical descriptive, because this research can provide a comprehensive, systematic picture and analysis of the realities in the field, especially regarding liability and insurance protection contained in legislation. Data collection is carried out by making observations and using applicable legislation. In carrying out transportation activities other than carrying out passenger trips, the transportation service provider is obliged to insure its liability, meaning that the public transportation company is obliged to compensate for losses suffered by passengers or goods senders due to negligence in carrying out transportation services. Based on article 237 paragraph (1) of the Road Traffic and Transportation Law, it is stated that public transportation companies are obliged to participate in an accident insurance program as a manifestation of their responsibility for insurance coverage for victims and public transportation companies are obliged to insure people employed as vehicle crew. The form of insurance protection provided by Gojek to passengers who use its services is the application of Article 302 of the Criminal Code. The online transportation service provider company Gojek provides insurance to passengers to ensure that travel is protected because passenger safety is Gojek's priority. The form of insurance protection for passengers in Gojek online transportation is stated in the GoRide Pasangger Insurance provisions.
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Maryanto, Maryanto y Ahmad Suhasan. "Politics of Law of Social Security of Passenger Accidents Construction of State Responsibility". Law Development Journal 3, n.º 1 (7 de marzo de 2021): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/ldj.3.1.30-37.
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The role of the presence of the state is important so that the implementation of social security from the government to the community is managed from compulsory contributions and community contributions. Management and control of the funds are submitted to the State Owned Enterprises (BUMN) PT. Jasa Raharja. This research method is normative juridical (normative law research) using normative legal studies in the form of legal behavior products. Research findings: (1) The Political Law of Social Security for Passenger Accidents and Road Traffic Accidents provides an overview of the Insurance business that has been managed so far PT. Jasa Raharja is a social insurance program that can be organized by BUMN, so PT. Jasa Raharja as a state-owned company is the only provider of social security insurance for passenger accidents and road traffic accidents. (2) Barriers to adjusting the implementation of the Social Security Program based on Act No. 40 of 2014 concerning Insurance in terms of regulation between Act No. 33 and 34 of 1964 with Act No. 40 of 2014 concerning Insurance, the institutional provisions of article 89 of the Insurance Law are implemented, so there is a fundamental change in the administration of the mandatory insurance coverage for passenger accidents and road traffic accidents.
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Pratama, Dwita. "Legal Protection of Passenger on Online Transportation Based on Highway Traffic Act". Journal of Law and Legal Reform 2, n.º 4 (24 de agosto de 2021): 569–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v2i4.49351.
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The presence of online transportation can be recognized if it fulfills the requirements of the Ministerial Regulation of Transportation Act Number 108 of 2017 concerning the Implementation of Transportation of People with Public Motorized Vehicles Not on Routes. The problem that arises is when this online transportation does not have a transportation operation permit, which then the passengers do not get legal protection for it. The method used is normative juridical where the data used are primary data and secondary data and the data collection used is library research. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively. From the discussion it can be concluded that 1.Insurance compensation for passengers who have an accident through PT Jasa Raharja is given to an online application-based transportation company that already has a transportation operation permit based on the provisions of the Ministerial Regulation of Transportation Act Number 108 of 2017 concerning the Implementation of Public Transportation with Public Motorized Vehicles Not On Routes which is carried out based on Act Number 33 of 1964 concerning the Passenger Accident Compulsory Insurance Fund, for online application-based transportation companies that do not have a transportation operation permit, in the event of an accident the passenger does not receive insurance compensation from PT Jasa Raharja. The responsibility of online transportation service providers has complied with Article 188 of Act Number 22 of 2009 concerning Traffic to compensate for the loss of passengers or shippers due to omission in carrying out transportation and road transportation services.
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Dronova, O. B. y V. I. Tarasova. "Sources of evidentiary information to be studied in the investigation of road traffic crimes involving route vehicles". Sociology and Law 14, n.º 3 (25 de septiembre de 2022): 324–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/2219-6242-2022-3-324-331.
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The authors consider the sources of evidentiary information that allow us to form a full-fledged idea of the mechanism of committing traffic crimes in the process of transporting passengers by buses. The article focuses on the need for the subjects of the investigation to operate on the legal and technical aspects of the organization of passenger transportation, the regulations of which are subject to strict compliance and reflected in the relevant accompanying documentation of transport companies. Special attention is paid to the evidentiary value of information obtained from the results of studying the testimony of participants in criminal proceedings, as well as physical evidence (objects and documents). The possibility of creating, on the basis of a set of information obtained from various sources of information, a model of committing a traffic crime, including both elements of the organization of transportation of a particular company, and the direct mechanism of illegal act.
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Kusuma, Raffi Wahyu, Singgih Laksana y Muhammad Masruchan. "Desain Sistem Daily Pre Trip Inspection Di SBU Pemeliharaan Dan Perbaikan Perum PPD Berbasis Android". Jurnal Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan (Indonesian Journal of Road Safety) 5, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2018): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46447/ktj.v5i1.59.
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Daily pre trip inspection is a checking activity conducted by Djakarta Passenger Public Company (Perum PPD)before the vehicle operates on the road. In fact, there is still a lot of damage causing the decline in the numberof buses that operate. In addition, the inspection is done manually using the paper media checklist formresulting in data loss checking, writing is not clear, the data is not recorded properly to the detriment of thecompany. This research uses qualitative analysis with descriptive method resulted in standard operatingprocedure design (SOP) daily pre trip based inspection android. Combining existing check sheets is enhancedby Government Regulation No. 55/2012 on technical requirements and road worth of vehicles, Decree of theDirector General of Land Transportation No. 523 of 2015 on guidelines for the implementation of traffic safetyinspection and public transport of roads, and adjusted to the standard of checks HINO, generate a new checksheet. With the new SOP utilizing android applications, is expected to reduce the company's losses, bus damageand accidents while operating.
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Raut, Mr Abhijit. "Automotive Safety Rolling Barrier". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, n.º VII (20 de julio de 2021): 1684–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36250.
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The government is always looking at the latest technology that can ensure safety of road users, as outlined in the construction industry transformation plan. A small Korean manufacturing company invented a new concept longitudinal barrier, (The Rolling Barrier) which had continuous pipes covered with urethane rings. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the “Rolling Barrier” and to understand the Rolling Barrier’s characteristics of crash cushioning, how to correct the vehicles running direction and the required strength of barriers. They convert that impact energy into rotational energy to propel the vehicle forward rather than potentially breaking through an immovable barrier. When a car hits the barrier, the rotating barrel converts shock from the vehicle to rotational energy. Upper and lower frames adjust tires of large and small vehicles to prevent the steering system from a functional loss. The Rolling Barrier can be effectively used in curved roads sections, ramps, medians and entrance or exit ramps in parking garages. In this paper, the description and studies of Rolling Barriers are elaborated. In 2015, there were 63,805 traffic accidents over on the Maharashtra, India, with 54.2 % composed of vehicles that crashed into longitudinal barriers. Such accidents can be drastically reduced if more safe barriers are installed for traffic safety. A small Korean manufacturing company invented a new concept longitudinal barrier, the Rolling Barrier (RB), which has continuous pipes covered with urethane rings. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the RB & to understand the RB’s characteristics of crash cushioning, how to correct the vehicle’s running direction & the required strength of barriers. Experiments with barriers performance & crashing vehicle behavior at curved sections using a 1.3-ton passenger car & a 3.5-ton truck showed satisfactory vehicle behavior as they ran parallel with the RB after crashing. The structural problem of the RB wasn’t found during the time of the crash. In the strength performance test using the 8-ton truck & in the passenger protection test using the 1.3-ton passenger car, the RB satisfied the Ministry of Construction & Transportation’s “ Guidelines for Installation & Management of Road Safety Facilities.” The differences between the RB & conventional barriers where crash cushioning & required strength of barriers were involved were verified by mathematical equations. The RB can be effectively used in curved road sections, ramps, medians & entrance/exit ramps in parking garages. Keywords: -accidents, longitudinal barrier, rolling barrier, traffic barrier, vehicle, collision
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Poliak, Milos y Peter Varjan. "The Possibility of Using Knowledge from Unconventional Financing of Suburban Bus Transport as an Innovative Tool for Cost Reduction in Logistics". Applied Mechanics and Materials 803 (octubre de 2015): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.803.47.
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The paper deals with the possibility of using knowledge from unconventional financing of bus transport as an innovative tool for cost reduction in logistics. The first part provides an overview of financing road transport including public passenger transport in Slovak republic (with dividing on railway transport, bus transport and urban public transport). Other part of paper describes option of using CNG fuel in suburban bus transport in particular company (SAD Zilina). Also this part contains economic comparison between diesel and CNG buses.
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Kołsut, Bartłomiej, Tadeusz Stryjakiewicz y Jędrzej Gadziński. "Do Motorisation Statistics Reflect the Real Geography of Car Ownership in Poland?1". Quaestiones Geographicae 41, n.º 2 (1 de junio de 2022): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2022-0016.
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Abstract The article aims to identify the shortcomings of the statistics describing the size and structure of passenger car parc in Poland, and to formulate the consequences of these limitations for geographical research. Analysed in detail, the shortcomings are divided into three groups: (1) ‘dead souls’, i.e. an overestimation of the number of vehicles which have not been on the road for a long time but remain on the register; (2) ‘cars with a grid’ (cars registered as trucks in which the cargo part is separated from passenger seats by a metal grid), i.e. an underestimation of the number of passenger cars and overestimation of the number of trucks related to the mass phenomenon of registering passenger cars as large goods vehicles (LGV-approved cars); and (3) company cars, i.e. an overestimation of the number of vehicles in cities where leasing companies and large enterprises owning those cars have their headquarters. The article determines the scale of car ownership overestimation in Poland and the areas where this overestimation is the highest, using districts (PL: powiaty) as basic spatial units. We conclude that the present motorisation statistics do not fully reflect the real geography of car ownership in Poland.
Tesis sobre el tema "Road passenger company"
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Birouk, Ghania. "L'égalité professionnelle dans le transport routier de voyageurs : un impossible équilibre ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021STRAA027.
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La mise en œuvre de l’égalité professionnelle femme homme en entreprise est impulsée depuis plus de 50 ans par les évolutions réglementaires, législatives et conventionnelles, soit spécifiques à l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, soit dans un contexte plus général de non-discrimination.Nous sommes sans doute encore loin d’une application optimale de « l'égalité » femme homme, tant cette notion est source de controverses et de fluctuations. En revanche, des interrogations subsistent, notamment dans la sphère professionnelle.Dans le cadre de cette thèse, l’étude portera sur la négociation collective relative à l’égalité professionnelle, dans les sociétés de Transport Routiers de Voyageurs (TRV). Il s’agira d’identifier les freins entre l’obligation qui leur est faite de négocier sur ce thème et les difficultés à se saisir de ce sujet comme objet de négociation. La singularité de ce secteur d'activité et le peu d’études menées dans ce domaine ont été de nature à motiver notre démarcheThe implementation of gender equality at work in companies has been driven for more than 50 years by regulatory, legislative and contractual changes, either specific to equality between women and men, or in a more general framework of non-discrimination.There is no doubt that we are still far from an optimal enforcement of "equality" between women and men, as this concept is such a cause of controversy and fluctuations. However, questions remain, especially in the work area.Within the frame of this thesis, the study will focus on collective bargaining for gender equality at work in road passenger transport companies. This work aims at identifying the obstacles between the obligation for women to negotiate in this area and the difficulties in owning this topic as a means of negotiation. The uniqueness of this sector of activity and the few studies carried out in this particularly area motivated our approach
Libros sobre el tema "Road passenger company"
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Scribbins, Jim. The Milwaukee Road, 1928-1985: Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific. Forest Park, Ill: Heimburger House Pub. Co., 2001.
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New York (State). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Office of the Inspector General. An investigation into the construction of high-level passenger platforms by the Long Island Rail Road. [New York, N.Y.]: The Office, 1987.
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Kinkaid, James. C&NW color guide to freight and passenger equipment: Passenger cars, cabooses and acquired roads. Scotch Plains, NJ: Morning Sun Books, Inc., 2008.
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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act to incorporate the Montreal City Passenger Railway Company. Quebec: Thompson, Hunter, 2003.
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Dorin, Pat. Milwaukee Road Passenger Service. TLC Publishing, 2004.
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Nighswonger, Doug. Milwaukee Road Color Guide to Freight and Passenger Equipment. Morning Sun Books, Inc., 1999.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Road passenger company"
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Carter, Tim, Rae-Wen Chang, Andrew Colvin y Robbert Hermanns. "Transport". En Fitness for Work, 319–39. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198808657.003.0015.
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Many tasks in the transport industries pose risks to public safety. Health problems and disabilities in workers may contribute to these. Fitness standards are usually set by statutory bodies. They aim to protect passengers and the general public. Driving a road vehicle or train or piloting an aircraft is, in essence, a workstation task where sensory inputs are analysed and form the basis for responses to signals, other users, and ambient conditions. Thus standards place emphasis on the capability and reliability of sensory, cognitive, and motor performance. Different capabilities may be required, for instance when working in an air traffic or other control centre. Some jobs also require additional capabilities, such as manual handling in delivery driving or the ability to manage passenger evacuation in the event of an emergency. Statutory or company standards need to take account of such requirements.
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Smith, Ronald A. "The English Background of Early American Collegiate Sport". En Sports And Freedom, 3–12. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195065824.003.0001.
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Abstract The Superintendent OF the Boston, Concord, and Montreal Rail road, James Elkins, was enjoying the company of Yale College ‘s James Whiton, a junior and member of the Yale Boat Club in 1852. They might well have been discussing whether the underground railroad would be suppressed by the Fugitive Slave Act passed two years before and whether the attempt to prevent blacks in southern states from achieving their freedom northward would be success ful. Elkins, though, was likely more interested in the freedom to pursue his own dream-a profitable above-ground line which would increase his passenger traffic as the railway passed from Boston to Montreal through the vacation lands of New Hampshire.
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Naletina, Dora y Mate Damić. "Innovations on rail freight market". En Sustainable development: Innovations in business, 103–13. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/978-83-8211-084-5/7.
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Ten years ago, the European Union recognized the importance of stopping further development of road freight transportation and the need for making rail freight a more prominent branch of industry. Rail transportation used to hold a more relevant position, but because of slow response to changes on the market and no investments in modernization, it now occupies only around 10% of the share in freight transportation in most EU member states. Most members have initiated the implementation of the restructuring and liberalization of rail market, with the aim of establishing a multimodal transportation network and reducing negative impact of road freight on the environment. The Croatian market is no exception, of course. It has liberalized the rail freight market since the Accession to the EU, while the rail passenger traffic is still monopolized by a company owned by the state. The Croatian national carrier HŽ Cargo has decided to face the competition by restructuring the current business and giving a sharper focus on innovation (intermodal terminals, RO-LA, and digitalization of business operations). The above-mentioned topics are analysed in the following chapter.
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Mathur, SB, Sudhakar Bokephode y DD Balsaraf. "The Power of Three". En Indian Business Case Studies Volume VI, 107—C12.P33. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192869425.003.0012.
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Abstract It has three brands in play, but only flagship Volkswagen (VW) has captured significant space in mind and market. Now, the German auto group is looking to unleash the collective power of Skoda, VW, and Audi in India with the prospect of more brands being launched. Lutz Kothe first stepped on Indian soil in 2008 to attend the Auto Expo in New Delhi. At 4 am the head of marketing at VW India strode into the Park Hotel and, when checking in, said he was from Volkswagen. The name didn’t ring a bell with the front office staff. That’s when Kothe learnt his first lesson: Europe’s largest carmaker was a virtually unknown entity in India. Lesson No 2 was to follow soon. Kothe walked into the VW pavilion at the Expo but he couldn’t see any cars on display. Kothe panicked as the VW global board was scheduled to stopover. Then he realized why he couldn’t see the cars: they were all covered in dust. Over the next couple of hours he scurried around and got the place spick and span—in the nick of time before the board visit. Kothe’s second takeaway: if VW has to get it right in the country, it needs to marry German planning with Indian ingenuity. By all accounts, VW has been getting better at that endeavour with every passing year. It entered India late, but in just four years since it set up India operations, the German carmaker has sold a little over 1 lakh cars (till October 2011). Its seven models of compacts, sedans, and luxury cars have helped VW carve out a 3.5% market share—something the Detroit giants have not been able to do after more than a decade in the country. What’s more, the VW group is not a one-horse wonder. Globally, it owns a clutch of marquee auto names, from Audi, Bentley, and Lamborghini to Porsche, SEAT, and Skoda. In India, the group is present with three of these brands—Skoda came in first a decade ago, and Audi and VW hit Indian roads in 2007. The troika has still to collectively pull its weight in the group’s quest to become a carmaker to reckon with. But if ever there was a time to get the show on the road, it is now. The current slowdown notwithstanding, demand for and interest in passenger vehicles-from small cars to high-end luxury coupes-have heightened. That has emboldened the VW group to consider getting in more of its brands into the country-one-time Spanish auto major SEAT is likely to be brought in under the VW umbrella, as are luxury brands Porsche and Lamborghini (currently, they are imported by independent dealers). The Long Road Ahead Even as things stand today, the presence and power of multiple brands—VW, Skoda, and Audi—gives VW a distinct edge over many of its multinational competitors. ‘No other car maker with every model being so distinct,’ says John Chacko, VW group chief representative for India. ‘But naturally it will be the core brand that will have a lot of load on itself, in terms of (absorbing) investment, suppliers and volumes,’ adds Chacko. Backed by hatchback Polo and sedan Vento, the ‘core brand’s’ sales jumped 10-fold in 2010 to 32,627 units over a year ago. Till October 2011, that figure had more than doubled to a little over 66,000. Like most global carmakers, VW has adopted a top-down strategy, entering with the Passat and the Jetta (a large and a small family car, respectively). But it was only after the entry of the Polo (in early 2010) and the Vento (in mid-2010) that the pace of VW’s sales quickened. The company is now eyeing a market share of 10% by 2015. A chunk of that growth will come from the launch of the compact car up in a segment one rung lower than the Polo, by early 2013, benefits across the three brands. One synergy is in manufacturing. In 2006, VW invested Rs 3,300 crore in a factory in Chakan on the outskirts of Pune to produce the high-volume Polo and Vento. The unit, which can produce 1,30,000 units annually, also makes the premium compact, the Skoda Fabia, and will also roll out the soon-to-be-launched Skoda Rapid sedan.
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Ochoa-Zezzatti, Alberto, Alfonso Uribe y Eder Fuentes. "Determining Maximum Load of Passengers and Goods to an Aerotaxi in Southwestern Chihuahua". En Handbook of Research on Military, Aeronautical, and Maritime Logistics and Operations, 434–50. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9779-9.ch023.
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Travel in Chihuahua is a very complicated situation to realize because the distances between land routes is very far because the poor quality of road. The importance of this research is to understand from a Multivariable optimization associated with the path of a group of airplanes associated with an aero taxi company and determine the optimal flight route involve speed, storage and travel resources for determining the cost benefit have partnered with a travel plan, which has as principal basis the orography airstrip restriction, although this problem has been studied on several occasions by the literature failed to establish by supporting ubiquitous computing for interacting with the various values associated with the achievement of the group of airplanes -Cessna 208 Caravan- and their cost-benefit of each issue of the company and comparing their individual trips for the rest of group. There are several factors that can influence in the achievement of a group of Cessna 208 Caravan group for our research we propose to use Bat Algorithm, which has proven to be efficient for the convergence of several issues (artificial bats) when they have such restrictions and obstacles should use this energy to avoid in our case, a gain resource as food which in our case is represented as the use of travel passengers and goods optimally for the duration of a long trip with the uncertainty of not knowing when you have a resupply or reduce this quantity.
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Bortolazzo, Shadia S. Assaf, Eugênio Cavallazzi y Amir Mattar Valente. "Optimization in urban transport: an intermodal simulation with emphasis on energy efficiency". En METHODOLOGY FOCUSED ON THE AREA OF INTERDISCIPLINARITY- V1. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/methofocusinterv1-080.
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In general, it can be said that patterns of energy production and consumption have been based on fossil fuels, which generate emissions of local pollutants; greenhouse gases (GHGs) and jeopardize the energy supply long-term on the planet. Concerning urban transport, Brazilian cities have developed with an emphasis on road transport. Thus, it is relevant to study energy efficiency in transport, to implement good solutions that meet the movements of users, and promote the efficient use of natural resources. This paper aims to estimate, on a network of fictitious transport, energy efficiency displacement of a given passenger demand using different modes of transport to measure the energy efficiency of the network. Specifically, we intend to verify and compare the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in intermodal transport by rail modes - Light Rail (LRT) and bus - bus. The methodology was developed based on documentary and bibliographical research for data collection, and applied operations research techniques to assess the energy efficiency of the simulated network. The review includes the study of transport, its indispensability, and its influence on the environment. Energy efficiency in the transport matrix and the use of operations research as a support tool for optimization models are discussed. Finally, it observed that the modal integration, feeder system - distributor system - is an efficient solution as the energy consumption and GHG emissions. The methodology proved to be satisfactory and relevant and can be used for larger networks and real scenarios. As a continuation of this study is developing a methodological contribution to sustainable planning of urban passenger transport ( MPTS - URB ), which aims to estimate the monetary cost of energy efficiency from data on emissions and energy consumption by transport modes used in the transport network.
Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Road passenger company"
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Nagle, Paul, Tyler Brooker, Ghazi Bari, Joel Walter, John Toth y Shaun Skinner. "The Ford Rolling Road Wind Tunnel Facility". En WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0654.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The Ford Motor Company Rolling Road Wind Tunnel (RRWT) is a state-of-the-art aerodynamic wind tunnel test facility in Allen Park, Michigan. The RRWT has operated since January 2022 and is designed for passenger and motorsport vehicle development. The test facility includes an office area, three secure customer vehicle preparation bays, a garage area, a vehicle frontal area measurement system, and a full-scale ¾ open jet wind tunnel. The wind tunnel features an interchangeable single belt and 5-belt Moving Ground Plane (MGP) system with an integrated 6-component balance, a two-position nozzle, boundary layer removal systems, and two independent flow traverse systems. Each flow traverse has a large horizontal box beam and vertical Z-strut that can position the flow traverse accurately within the test volume. The individual traverse systems can also operate in tandem and have the capability to perform stereo PIV measurements and scale model vehicle testing, including vehicle passing or drafting simulations. The MGP can be quickly changed between single belt and 5-belt operations, requiring only a single eight-hour shift to transition between the two configurations. The efficient wind tunnel airline is capable of airspeeds up to 250 km/h in the large 26.4 m<sup>2</sup> nozzle configuration and 322 km/h in the small 18.6 m<sup>2</sup> nozzle configuration using a 12-blade, 8 m diameter fan with a 5.4 MW motor. The wind tunnel’s flow quality and aerodynamic performance compare well with similar facilities in the automotive industry. Ford Motor Company is currently correlating aerodynamic measurement data from the RRWT with other similar facilities, using 60 vehicles across multiple product lines.</div></div>
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Fürst, Alexander, David Inkermann y Thomas Vietor. "Design for Pedestrian Protection". En ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34349.
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Pedestrians are among the most vulnerable participants in current city traffic. While in the past original equipment manufacturers (OEMs, in meanings of carmakers) mainly focused on passenger safety, nowadays strict legislation requirements call for the development of more effective pedestrian safety concepts. Considerations for constructive and technological road safety measures generally take place in a company-specific product development process, but mainly in phases, that do not allow for innovative products in terms of new solutions. Thus, the importance of early development phases as well as design process models, such as Pahl and Beitz, will be described here. Also the significance of the development design cases will be handled, as they can mainly influence the innovation degree of the resulting products. In the end an approach will be introduced, of how an analysis of product models regarding their possibilities for adequate evaluation can help, to support a safety-related development process by integrating suitable design methods and tools.
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Iridiastadia, Hardianto y Ani Umyatib. "Train Accidents at Level Crossings in Indonesia – A Preliminary Study". En Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100749.
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Accidents involving passenger trains in Indonesia are still prevalent. Accidents at level crossings, in particular, have not been declining. In 2013, for example, a major accident at a level crossing occurred that resulted in a number of fatalities and significant financial implications. The impacts of such accidents ranged from property damage to fatalities. This study aimed at understanding the statistics of accidents at railway level crossings in Indonesia. This was achieved by conducting a survey to a couple of government institutions responsible for managing the railway transportation. Furthermore, this study will describe factors related to the accidents by employing Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). A total of 81 cases out of 134 accidents (between 2006 and 2011) were studied and classified. Results of this study indicated that the majority (97%) of the accidents were caused by “outside factors”, particularly vehicles trying to pass the crossings while the barriers and warnings have been activated. A small percentage of these accidents dealt with operators or technical aspects of the warning/barrier system. Existing road safety regulations specifically indicated, in a large number of cases, that the company operating the railway train might not be responsible for the accidents. Nevertheless, this company (and relevant ministries) could offer a more proactive approach in minimizing the accidents. This includes understanding driver behaviors at level crossings and designing a more effective warning/barrier system.
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Kondo, Yosuke, Shota Hamauchi, Yoshihito Kowada, Kyoji Shibuya y Yoshinori Otsuki. "Development Of On-board Multi-component Gas Analyzer Toward Euro 7". En 2023 JSAE/SAE Powertrains, Energy and Lubricants International Meeting. 10-2 Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan: Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-32-0026.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The Euro 7 emission regulations currently under consideration by the EU will adopt on-road emissions test as the main Type Approval procedure, and it has been proposed that the number of gas components to be measured will be increased. Therefore, the Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS) used for on- road emissions testing must be able to simultaneously measure more components with higher precision while maintaining the same compact and lightweight structure as in the existing PEMS. The authors have applied a relatively new technique, quantum cascade laser infrared spectroscopy (QCL-IR), to an on-board multi-component gas analyzer. Comparison with laboratory tests on a gasoline passenger car on a dynamometer showed that the newly developed QCL- IR PEMS correlated well with conventional PEMS and stationary conventional analyzers. Signal noise and interference from other gases was also confirmed to show the expected performance, which was equal to or better than that of conventional analyzers.</div></div>
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Mishra, Satyakam, Tej Prasad y Javier Maruenda Sanz. "Adopting Pothole Mitigation System for Improved Ride, Handling and Enhanced Component Life". En Symposium on International Automotive Technology. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-26-0059.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Potholes are a major cause of discomfort for riders and vehicle damage. The passive suspension systems which are used in the passenger vehicles are primarily reaction based. These can’t adapt to the changing road conditions which means the best ride quality and handling characteristics cannot be ensured for different driving situations. Passive suspension system also needs more maintenance due to its inability to reduce the impact of the road irregularities. In recent years, semi-active suspension systems have been developed to improve ride comfort and vehicle safety. This paper covers the integration of a semi-active suspension system with a road preview mechanism with a TATA car model to investigate its impact on ride comfort, handling characteristics and component loads in digital domain.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">A quarter car vehicle model is used to compare different active damping control strategies. The best strategy is selected and integrated in a full vehicle MBS model to gain deeper insight on ride and loadpaths.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The simulation results show that the proposed system reduces the vertical acceleration and displacement of the vehicle during pothole impacts. The system also improved the vehicle's pitch, roll and other critical characteristics. Loads on different suspension components also reduced.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Adoption of semi-active suspension systems in a TML passenger cars would lead to a transformation in the performance of ride comfort, handling dynamics and enhanced component life. The proposed system provides a practical and cost-effective solution to address the issue of potholes and has a positive impact on vehicle dynamics during pothole impacts. Overall, it will provide a more dynamic, comfortable and safer driving experience, making it a choice for a high performance car.</div></div>
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Bourque, Robert. "A Compact External Combustion Engine With High Part-Load Efficiency". En ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90058.
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An external combustion engine design using steam is described which has good efficiency at full power and even better efficiency at the low power settings common for passenger vehicles. The engine is compact with low weight per unit power. All of its components fit in the engine compartment of a front-wheel drive vehicle despite the space occupied by the transaxle. It readily fits in a rear-drive vehicle. Calculated net efficiencies, after accounting for all losses, range, depending on engine size, from 28–32% at full power increasing to 33–36% at normal road power settings. A two-stage burner, 100% excess air, and combustion temperature below 1500°C assure complete combustion of the fuel and negligible NOx. The engine can burn a variety of fuels and fuel mixes, which should encourage the development of new fuels. Extensive software has been written that calculates full power and part-load energy balances, structural analysis and heat transfer, and performance in specified vehicles including using SAE driving cycles. Engines have been sized from 30 to 3200 hp. In general, fuel consumption should be at least 1.5 times lower than gasoline engines and about the same as diesels operating at low to moderate load settings. Due to this analysis, a prototype, when built, should perform as expected.
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Thorbole, Chandrashekhar K., Mary Aitken, James Graham, Beverly Miller y Samantha Hope Mullins. "Assessment of the Dynamic Behavior of a Single Person ATV in Presence of a Passenger: Outcome on the Rider and Passenger Crash Impact Kinematics Using Computational Model". En ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86164.
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An ATV (All-terrain vehicle) is a gasoline powered, fast moving off road vehicle often used for farming and industrial activities as well as recreational activities. The popularity of this type of vehicle has increased over the last decade with more than 10 million in use today. Most ATVs are designed for only single rider even though the seat of the ATV may appear big enough to carry a passenger. The presence of an additional person on a single person ATV greatly affects its dynamic handling characteristics. This change increases the risk of a crash and subsequent injuries to both riders. ATV crashes involving climbing and descending on steep hills are common. Lateral rollover crashes are often the result of riding an ATV at a high speed on uneven terrain. The presence of passenger on a single person ATV during these conditions changes the rider impact kinematics and resulting injury outcome, as the ATV behaves differently in the presence of an additional person. The computational model of a single person, adult-sized ATV, as developed previously for the study of child injury prevention, was used for this study. The multi-body computational model of this ATV was developed using biodynamic code MADYMO. This computational model was validated against the laboratory test for its dynamic and suspension characteristics. The tilt table test and the drop test were employed to compare the computational model result. This computer model was used to simulate the crash mechanism involving climbing and descending steep hills with two people on the ATV. This model was also used to simulate the lateral rollover of ATV with two people. The rider and the additional passenger on this single rider ATV were modeled using a 50th percentile male and a 5th percentile female. The two rider simulation was compared with single rider simulation for similar terrain and ATV speed to gain insight about the influence of this additional passenger weight on the crash kinematics of the ATV and the rider. These simulations will also be used in the future to generate more visually dramatic videos for educational intervention for ATV safety programs and other injury prevention activities.
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Cervone, Davide, Massimo Sicilia, Marco Romano, Pierpaolo Polverino, Cesare Pianese, Emmanuele Frasci, Ivan Arsie y Paolo Sementa. "Modelling of a Hybrid Quadricycle (L6e vehicle) Equipped with Hydrogen Fueled ICE Range Extender and Performance Analysis on Stochastic Drive Cycles Generated from RDE Profile". En 16th International Conference on Engines & Vehicles. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-24-0149.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The last environmental regulations on passenger vehicles’ emissions harden constraints on designing powertrains. A promising solution consists in vehicle electrification leading to hybrid configurations: the tank-to-wheel pollutant emissions can be drastically reduced combining features of typical battery electric vehicles adding an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) controlled as a Range Extender (REX). Furthermore, HC and CO/CO2 emissions can be avoided using green hydrogen as fuel for the ICE; moreover, in absence of a mechanical coupling between REX and wheels the best operating conditions in terms of maximum ICE efficiency may be easily achieved. In this work, a light quadricycle (EU L6e, classification) series hybrid vehicle with four in-wheel motors is studied for the application of a range extender system. The powertrain features a 0.25 Liter hydrogen-fueled ICE, whose performance data are available thanks to an experimental campaign performed at STEMS-CNR research center; then, optimal REX operations strategies are identified, and a rule-based controller is implemented for energy management purposes of the powertrain. As a first analysis, a study on hydrogen tank sizing is performed starting from an estimation of the energy demand on the range extender; then, a study on battery pack size is conducted to understand the behavior of the engine fed with hydrogen along with an overall fuel consumption analysis for a standard drive cycle (i.e., on a flat road); the same analysis is then conducted on a Real Driving Emissions (RDE) drive cycle with road slope included to compare the results of battery sizing with respect to the previous case. A stochastic algorithm for drive cycle and road slope generation is implemented to generate RDE drive cycle to explore the behavior of the vehicle on different road load conditions which are reproduced through the cycle. Finally, a study on battery sizing is achieved. The results of the analyses exhibit configuration of battery pack which express the best tradeoff between mileage and equivalent fuel consumption.</div></div>
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Kelly, Jarod C., Taemin Kim, Christopher P. Kolodziej, Rakesh K. Iyer, Shashwat Tripathi, Amgad Elgowainy y Michael Wang. "Comprehensive Cradle to Grave Life Cycle Analysis of On-Road Vehicles in the United States Based on GREET". En WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-2830.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">To properly compare and contrast the environmental performance of one vehicle technology against another, it is necessary to consider their production, operation, and end-of-life fates. Since 1995, Argonne’s GREET® life cycle analysis model (Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Technologies) has been annually updated to model and refine the latest developments in fuels and materials production, as well as vehicle operational and composition characteristics. Updated cradle-to-grave life cycle analysis results from the model’s latest release are described for a wide variety of fuel and powertrain options for U.S. light-duty and medium/heavy-duty vehicles. Light-duty vehicles include a passenger car, sports utility vehicle (SUV), and pick-up truck, while medium/heavy-duty vehicles include a Class 6 pickup-and-delivery truck, Class 8 day-cab (regional) truck, and Class 8 sleeper-cab (long-haul) truck. Powertrain coverage includes internal combustion (spark ignition and compression ignition) engines, hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid, full battery electric, and fuel cell vehicles powered by conventional and low carbon energy sources. The results offer insights into the current state of these technologies, as well as a projection of the likely environmental implications of future fuel and vehicle advancements through a time-series evaluation of life cycle greenhouse gas emissions.</div></div>
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Snitzer, Philip, Evan Stegner, John Bentley, David M. Bevly y Mark Hoffman. "New Controller Evaluation Techniques for Autonomously Driven Heavy-Duty Convoys". En WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0688.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Platooning vehicles present novel pathways to saving fuel during transportation. With the rise of autonomous solutions, platooning becomes an increasingly apparent sector requiring the application of this new technology. Platooning vehicles travel together intending to reduce aerodynamic resistance during operation. Drafting allows following vehicles to increase fuel economy and save money on refueling, whether that be at the pump or at a charging station. However, autonomous solutions are still in infancy, and controller evaluation is an exciting challenge proposed to researchers. This work brings forth a new application of an emissions quantification metric called vehicle-specific power (VSP). Rather than utilize its emissions investigative benefits, the present work applies VSP to heterogeneous Class 8 Heavy-Duty truck platoons as a means of evaluating the efficacy of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC). VSP creates a bridge between types of passenger vehicles to compare emission rates via estimating powertrain effort to maintain current conditions (speed, acceleration, road grade, etc.). In this study, different controller strategies and platoon configurations are examined to determine the applicability of VSP to controller evaluation. Experiments were completed at the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) circuitous track, the American Center for Mobility’s (ACM) freeway loop, and a straight section of NCAT’s track dubbed “ideal” for platooning efficiency. One truck is analyzed and compared to a lead truck, where VSP traces are calculated at each time step of experimentation. The influence of road grade, platoon size, and platooning position is considered in this study. Because the calculation of VSP considers an isolated driving environment, it effectively assesses the controller’s ability to reduce energy consumption for platooning vehicles.</div></div>