Literatura académica sobre el tema "Road accidents"

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Road accidents"

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Bondar, Tetiana, Olga Belenchuk, Yevhen Tepliuk y Oleksandr Pyna. "ACCIDENT ANALYSIS – THE WAY TO EFFECTIVE TRAFFIC SAFETY MANAGEMENT ON ROADS". Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny, n.º 2 (266) ’ 2021 (20 de junio de 2021): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33868/0365-8392-2021-2-266-46-52.

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Road safety management begins with a detailed analysis of accidents, which is reflected in Article 24 of the Law of Ukraine “On Road Traffic” which states that when performing repairs and maintenance of roads, streets and railway crossings road maintenance organizations in the first place should take measures for road safety on the basis of accounting and analysis of road accidents, results of inspections and surveys of roads, streets and railway crossings, and especially in emergency and dangerous areas and in places of concentration of road accidents. The problem of reducing the accident rate and reducing the number of victims of road accidents during the maintenance of roads has so far been solved mainly by identifying areas (places) of concentration of accidents with the development of measures to improve road conditions and improve the organization of traffic on them and conducting annual commission spring and autumn inspections of the road network by representatives of road organizations and the police. However, the areas of concentration of road accidents were not fully covered on the road network of local significance due to the lack of accurate reference of the places of accident in the accident registration cards, as well as they were not identified on the streets and roads of cities and other settlements due to the absence of any criteria for their identification and therefore the maximum efficiency from introduction of management of sites (places) of concentration of road accident isn’t reached. The article analyzes the criteria for determining the areas of concentration of accidents on public roads in different periods, examines the dynamics of the number of areas of concentration of accidents and considers other modern opportunities for effective traffic safety management, in particular, inspection (inspection) of existing roads.
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Yaacob, Nur Fatma Fadilah, Noradila Rusli, Sharifah Norashikin Bohari, Muhamad Razuhanafi Mat Yazid y Amsori Muhammad Das. "Integrated GIS Tool for Investigating the Relationship of Road Characteristics with Road Traffic Accidents". Jurnal Kejuruteraan 32, n.º 4 (30 de noviembre de 2020): 683–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2020-32(4)-18.

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Road accidents pose a serious economic and social problems given that the number of fatal accidents continue to rise at the national and international levels. This study investigates the relationship between three road parameters, namely number of lanes, level of service (LOS), and slope, with road accidents. The data for road accidents were obtained from the Police Department - Contingent Headquarters (IPK) Alor Setar, Kedah, the data for roads, namely number of lanes and traffic volume, were obtained from Public Works Department (JKR), while the TanDEM-X Image was provided by the licensed holder. The ArcGIS software 10.5 was used to process the data; this is followed by performing the regression and kernel density estimation to determine the relationship between the parameters with accident cases. The majority of road accidents in Kedah occurred on two-lane roads. LOS is negatively correlated with road accidents, which indicates that less accidents occurred with higher level of flow. Slope is negatively correlated with road accidents, indicating that a smaller number of accidents occurred on roads with higher slope values. Alor Setar and Sungai Petani have been identified as road traffic accident hotspots for the period from 2013 to 2015. In summary, the findings of this study provide the relevant authority such as the Traffic Police with the critical information required to make a better decision when formulating strategies to reduce road traffic accidents.
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Volchatova, I. V. "ACCIDENT RATE AND VICTIMS OF ROAD TRAFFIC IN A BIG CITY". World of Transport and Transportation 15, n.º 4 (28 de agosto de 2017): 202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2017-15-4-18.

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For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version).ABSTRACT Based on the statistics of road accidents, an analysis of accident and injury rates on the roads of Irkutsk was carried out. It is shown that, for the most part, the causes of road accidents are violation of traffic rules by drivers and pedestrians, unsatisfactory road conditions. It was revealed that the greatest number of accidents occurs in the summer-autumn period. Most often, vehicle collisions and pedestrian collisions are recorded. About 40 % of road accidents with victims are committed in the foci of accident rate, the distribution of which directly depends on density of settlement of the territory and the functional specifics of the city’s administrative units. Keywords: motor transport, road traffic accident, accident rate on roads, foci of accident, severity of accident consequences, road safety.
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Lemke, Kerstin. "Road Safety in Tunnels". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1740, n.º 1 (enero de 2000): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1740-22.

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Roads in tunnels differ from comparable open-road sections in many respects. For most drivers a tunnel is an unusual driving environment in the road network that might even cause stress. A safety analysis was carried out to estimate average accident rates and accident cost rates for different cross sections of tunnels on German roads. The analysis is based on all the available accident data for German freeway and highway tunnels reported to police. Personal injury accidents and material-damage-only accidents were analyzed separately. The findings indicate that accident rates are lower for roads in tunnels. Moreover, accidents with severe personal injury and material damage are less frequent on roads in tunnels. However, the fear of a maximum credible accident still remains.
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Kishore Kumar, K., Atmakuri Sravan Kumar, Sunkari Amarnadh Gupta y Sure Venkata Naga Parvesh. "Smart alert for smart transportation". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, n.º 1.7 (5 de febrero de 2018): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.7.10637.

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Road accident is mostly happened to a road user, though they happen quite often. The most unfortunate thing is that we don't learn from our mistakes on road. Most of the road users are quite well aware of the general rules and safety measures while using roads but it is only the laxity on part of road users, which cause accidents and crashes. Main cause of accidents and crashes are due to human errors. Many of the road accidents occurs in the human errors by overriding, drink and drive and don’t follow safety precautions on roads. Various national and international researchers have found these as most common behavior of Road drivers, which leads to accidents [4].So, we came up with an application to alert hospital emergency and cops. all the users can easily handle this application when accident emergency occur. In the same way we can save life of a person by occur road accident.
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Nidhi. R, Ms y Ms Kanchana V. "Analysis of Road Accidents Using Data Mining Techniques". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, n.º 3.10 (15 de julio de 2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.10.15626.

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Road Accident is an all-inclusive disaster with consistently raising pattern. In India according to Indian road safety campaign every minute there is a road accident and almost 17 people die per hour in road accidents. There are different categories of vehicle accidents like rear end, head on and rollover accidents. The state recorded police reports or FIR’s are the documents which contains the information about the accidents. The incident may be self-reported by the people or recorded by the state police. In this paper the frequent patterns of road accidents is been predicted using Apriori and Naïve Bayesian techniques. This pattern will help the government or NGOs to improve the safety and take preventive measures in the roads that have major accident zones.
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Zhang, Han Xin. "Analysis on Affection and Dissemination of Road Traffic Accidents". Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (febrero de 2012): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.200.

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Analysis for the road traffic accident is the dissemination of summary analysis of road traffic accidents, all types of traffic into the causes and recommends a system can reduce the effective theory of road traffic accidents. Road traffic system is a person, motor vehicles, the combined effect of the environment from the system. Road traffic safety depends on people, vehicles, roads, environment and road traffic management in all aspects of an integrated system for co-ordination. Characteristics for the occurrence of traffic accidents, road traffic accident on an analysis and research of the impact-spread of road traffic accident, to investigate the microscopic properties of a traffic accident on the traffic flow, emissions, noise impact and the dissemination of the law, analyzing the past, the scene of the accident the speed of other vehicles and drivers of the physical distribution psychological reaction to speed up the disposal of road traffic accidents, to reduce road traffic accidents on traffic flow and avoid the second derivative disasters, the elimination of road accident black spots, build a smart urban road traffic command system, to reduce pollutants in automobile exhaust emissions to protect the natural ecological environment, thus contributing to building a harmonious ecological city transport network.
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Budiawan, Wiwik, Sriyanto, Singgih Saptadi, Ary Arvianto, Harun Pamuji y Pertiwi Andarani. "DESIGN OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT PREDICTION MODEL IN TOLL ROAD USING A DECISION TREE ALGORITHM". International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Review 03, n.º 06 (2022): 11–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52267/ijaser.2022.3602.

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A toll road is a road that the users are obligated to pay, which is held to improve efficient transportation services. Although toll roads have relatively more ideal conditions than highway roads, many traffic accidents still occur on the road. Toll road managers collect operational data on toll roads, including daily traffic, weather, and accident data. One of the solutions to increase the level of toll road safety is to design an accident prediction model through data mining. In this paper, the prediction model was made using attributes according to the framework consisting of day, type of road surface, weather conditions, road surface conditions, time of occurrence, driver sex, and type of vehicle. The prediction model was built to predict certain areas' probability and severity of accidents. The prediction model is built using the decision tree algorithm. The results show that the attributes used can predict the severity of accidents with 39.73% accuracy. The most vulnerable area is in section B on 9 to 10 km, with a total number of accidents of 13.17% of total accidents.
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Lukoševičiene, Ona y Robertas Pečeliūnas. "DETERMINATION OF CAR RUN UP - BRAKING AND MANOEUVRING PARAMETERS IN AN EMERGENCY SITUATION IN THE CASE OF LIMITED ROAD SEGMENT". TRANSPORT 20, n.º 4 (30 de agosto de 2005): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2005.9638010.

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As the traffic intensity on roads increases, the number of road accidents also increases and the situations become more and more complicated. The presented method of reconstruction of preaccidental situations with the purpose of examination of road accident mechanisms can be widely used for the investigation of road accidents of different nature and for the determination of their reasons, the distance run by a car, the time of its run and speed which can be reached during the run up and followed by braking in road segments between two manoeuvres in a road segment of limited length. This method is being widely used in Lithuania for the investigation of accidental situations and for the assurance of law and order.
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Wang, Jianjun, Sai Wang, Xueqin Long, Dongyi Li, Chicheng Ma y Peng Li. "Ellipse-Like Radiation Range Grading Method of Traffic Accident Influence on Mountain Highways". Sustainability 14, n.º 21 (23 de octubre de 2022): 13727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142113727.

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To improve the efficiency of accident treatment on mountain highways and reduce the degree of disruption from traffic accidents, the grading method of the ellipse-like radiation range of traffic accident impact is proposed. First, according to the propagation law of traffic accidents, the general function of mountain highways affected by traffic accidents was constructed based on the Gaussian plume model. Then, based on the gravity field theory, the influence of the accident source point on the accident road was analyzed in the aftermath of a supposed accident. Additionally, considering the cascading failure of the road network, the influence of the accident-intersecting roads was demarcated by the cascading failure load propagation function. Based on this analysis, the ellipse-like radiation range models of traffic accidents on the accident road and the intersecting roads were proposed, respectively. Next, the adjustment parameter was further introduced to incorporate the different levels of influence of traffic accidents on the surrounding road network into the model, and the grading impacts of the accident on the potentially utilized opposite lane were discussed. Finally, according to the queuing theory model, simulation design, and portability analysis, the accuracy of the ellipse-like radiation range grading model was verified. The research results show that, compared with queuing theory and simulation results, the error of the grading model of the ellipse-like radiation range affected by traffic accidents was within a reasonable range; that is, the model can reasonably quantify the difference of traffic accident propagation on the accident road and the intersecting roads. Moreover, the heterogeneity of traffic accident propagation was verified by taking the non-occupied opposite lanes as an example. The grading method of influence radiation range utilized for traffic accidents on mountain highways can quickly provide corresponding auxiliary decision support for accident rescue within varying influence ranges.
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Tesis sobre el tema "Road accidents"

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Turner, Shane. "Estimating accidents in a road network". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5677.

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This thesis describes the development of models for predicting accidents at the intersections in a road network, from the turning traffic volumes at each intersection. The accident prediction models were developed using Poisson and negative binomial regression for each of the major accident types, at each of the major intersection types. Countrywide models that predict the motor vehicle accidents (accidents involving motor vehicles only) in a five year period, from the product of the conflicting traffic volumes were developed for each accident type. Accident prediction models have also been developed to predict the number of motor vehicle accidents occurring in different periods of the day (eg. the morning peak, 7am to 9am) and in different urban centres. This thesis also describes three case studies, where the accident prediction models have been used to predict the total number of accidents (major accident types) at the intersections in three road networks. Case studies were performed on the Christchurch Southern Arterial network, Christchurch Central network and the Lower Hutt network. For the two latter networks the total number of intersection accidents predicted was quite similar to that observed. In the Southern Arterial network, however, the total number of intersection accidents was under-predicted considerably.
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Chee, Wing-yan David. "Road accidents : identification of patterns and trends /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21128819.

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Arampamoorthy, Haran. "Analysis of spatial distributions of road accidents". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4832.

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Traffic accidents result in life and financial loss to the society. In developing countries traffic fatalities are comparable to other leading causes of death. The need for the analysis of the spatial distribution of traffic accidents, as an aid to select the most appropriate type of accident reduction programme (e.g. site, route and area plans) and assessing the effectiveness of such plans after implementation, is very important. The current practice (e.g. visual examination) for assessing the spatial distribution of accidents is reviewed. In this thesis, various methods for the statistical analysis of spatial distributions of accidents (including quadrat and nearest - neighbour methods) are reviewed and further improvements are described. Accidents are random events subject to both temporal and spatial variation. The basic variables for accident analysis are; distance and direction of accident locations in terms of North and East co-ordinates, azimuth, and the year of the accident. A new method for analysing the spatial pattern is proposed, whereby detection of a particular pattern will indicate which type of accident reduction programme is most appropriate. The method distinguishes the spatial distribution (point cluster, line cluster, area cluster or a completely spatially random distribution) of accidents in different types of road networks (regular or irregular and dense or sparse). The method can also help assessment of the changes in spatial distributions of accidents.
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Chee, Wing-yan David y 遲榮仁. "Road accidents: identification of patterns and trends". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31951879.

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Shuhaibar, Nabeel Khalil. "Road accidents in a developing country : characteristics and causes of accident rates in Kuwait". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8185.

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Shoarian-Sattari, Kamal. "Use of vehicle flow parameters as predictors of road traffic accident risk". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391324.

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Saunders, Roger. "Road traffic accidents and their implications for management". Thesis, Bournemouth University, 1987. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/413/.

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It has been known for some time that police records collected by the Department of Transport could be unreliable. Local Authorities use these data as an aid to the decision making process and to assist with objective setting. Studies warning of deficiencies in the accuracy of Stats 19 police data show confusing and often differing levels of inaccuracy. Due to the atypical nature of Road Traffic Accident typology the thesis sets out to examine a methodology for use by professional safety practitioners in order to test the reliability and accuracy of existing data and to test how in an operational environment these data might be expanded to meet the needs of the practitioner responsible for education, training and publicity measures rather than the pure highway engineering function which exists at the present time. Saunders, in 'Road Safety Management in a shire county' showed how tactical objectives were set by safety practitioners but concluded that operational resource planning was a vital stepping stone between the tactical and operational objective setting phase. The thesis examines this aspect in depth from a theoretical backcloth but illustrates throughout how this is-necessary to improve management efficiency and effectiveness within a public sector organisation. The thesis examines the levels of under-reporting in the local area from a management standpoint and considers the effects this information will have on the organisation. At the same time, aids to accident analysis such as statements made to the police and methods for improving the quality and reliability of data collection in an operational setting are considered. From this, the thesis examines the current and a proposed revision of the resource base and considers how these findings affect the operational resource plan for the organisation. This, and the methodology discussed, is a necessary management consideration if it is to enable an organisation to meet its aims and objectives.
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Caviedes, Cómbita Àlvaro Alfonso. "Exploring the Determinants of Vulnerable Road Users' Crash Severity in State Roads". PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4062.

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Pedestrians and bicyclists are the most vulnerable road users and suffer the most severe consequences when crashes take place. An extensive literature is available for crash severity in terms of driver safety, but fewer studies have explored non-motorized users' crash severity. Furthermore, most research efforts have examined pedestrian and bicyclist crash severity in urban areas. This study focuses on state roads (mostly outside major urban areas) and aims to identify contributing risk factors of fatal and severe crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists in state roads. Two ordinal regression models were developed (one for pedestrian and the other for bicyclist crashes) to examine crash severity risk factors. Additional models were developed to investigate road and traffic characteristics that could increase the likelihood of fatal crashes. In the model for pedestrian crash severity risk factors such as age, vehicle type and movement, light conditions, road classification, traffic control device, posted speed limit, location of the pedestrian and wet road surface during clear weather conditions are statistically significant. The bicyclist crash severity model indicates that age, crash location, vehicle movement and alcohol intoxication during dark conditions are statistically significant. In terms of road characteristics and traffic conditions, the models suggested risk factors such as arterials, light conditions, posted speed limit, roadways, and high heavy vehicle volume, increased the odds of a crash being fatal. The results seem to suggest that besides improvements in roadway characteristics, additional countermeasures to reduce crash severity for vulnerable users should include separation of vulnerable users from traffic, educational campaigns, more strict control of alcohol intoxicated drivers, and protection strategies of senior pedestrians.
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Naji, Jamil Abdul-Rabb. "Road accident analysis in Yemen : the identification of shortcomings in road accident data, data adjustment, cost and development of road fatality model". Thesis, University of South Wales, 1996. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/road-accident-analysis-in-yemen(8586c669-4709-4b2c-9d83-45003bc5d0bf).html.

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The true extent of the road accident problem in Yemen is questionable. Some agencies and citizens believe that the safety situation in Yemen is very critical while others disagree with this belief. Both sides however, agree that the road accident problem in Yemen is such that it requires considerable attention. Since Yemen has no history in road safety research and since there is no reliable road accident data in the country, making final judgements on the situation is difficult unless supported by adequate research. The aim of the present research is to provide a better understanding of the road accident problem in the Yemen. This can be made by investigation of the real dimensions of the road accident problem. This includes the identification of the shortcomings in road accident data, the cost of road accidents and modelling road accident fatalities.
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Hiemer, Marcus. "Model based detection and reconstruction of road traffic accidents". Karlsruhe : Univ.-Verl, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974366552.

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Libros sobre el tema "Road accidents"

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Osho, Olanrewaju Lawrence. Reducing road accidents. Abuja [Nigeria]: Safety Alliance, 2001.

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Hamid, Nasser, ed. Road accidents citator. 2a ed. Subang Indah, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia: Gavel Publications, 2007.

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Hamid, Nasser. Road accidents citator. 2a ed. Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan: Gavel Publications, 2014.

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Government, Scotland Scottish, ed. Road accidents Scotland 2006. [Edinburgh: Scottish Government, 2007.

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Council, Leicestershire County. Road accidents in Leicestershire. Leicester: Leicestershire County Council, 1994.

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Great Britain. Department of Transport. Road accidents, Great Britain. London: H.M.S.O., 1987.

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Council, Leicestershire County. Road accidents in Leicestershire. Glenfield: Leicestershire County Council, 1995.

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Parliamentary Advisory Council for Transport Safety. Road accidents in focus. London: Parliamentary Advisory Council for Transport Safety, 1992.

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California. Division of Traffic Engineering., ed. Accident data on California state highways: (road miles, travel, accidents, accident rates). Sacramento, Calif: The Division, 1985.

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Mitchell, Margaret. The Aftermath of Road Accidents. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209232.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Road accidents"

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Bryant, Bridget. "Road accidents". En The Aftermath of Road Accidents, 199–204. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209232-20.

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Eduardo F., Morales, Heredia Dulce Ma. y Rodríguez Andrés F. "Mining Road Accidents". En MICAI 2002: Advances in Artificial Intelligence, 516–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46016-0_54.

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Broughton, Jeremy. "Road accident statistics". En The Aftermath of Road Accidents, 15–30. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209232-3.

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Howarth, Glennys. "Death on the road". En The Aftermath of Road Accidents, 145–55. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209232-15.

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Hetherington, Angela, Alan Munro y Margaret Mitchell. "At the scene Road accidents and the police". En The Aftermath of Road Accidents, 113–22. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209232-12.

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Horne, David J. de L. "Treatment of pain, fear and loss following a road accident". En The Aftermath of Road Accidents, 188–98. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209232-19.

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Canterbury, Rachel y William Yule. "The effects on children of road accidents". En The Aftermath of Road Accidents, 59–69. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209232-7.

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Radanov, Bogdan P., Matthias Sturzenegger y Giuseppe Di Stefano. "Long-term outcome in whiplash injury". En The Aftermath of Road Accidents, 70–88. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209232-8.

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Lloyd-Bostock, Sally. "The natural history of claims for compensation after an accident". En The Aftermath of Road Accidents, 135–44. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209232-14.

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Mayou, Richard. "The psychiatry of road traffic accidents". En The Aftermath of Road Accidents, 33–48. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209232-5.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Road accidents"

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Ramanayake, Shirantha y Niranga Amarasingha. "Investigating a method for rating Sri Lankan roads through identifying the factors affecting road safety". En The SLIIT International Conference on Engineering and Technology 2022. Faculty of Engineering, SLIIT, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/wdmg5266.

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Road safety assessment is imminent to reduce road accidents in Sri Lanka. The existing road safety assessments in other countries are inapplicable to Sri Lankan Road conditions as there are significant differences between the road conditions of Sri Lanka and other countries. This study aims to identify the governing roadside elements which are influential to the cause of accidents and can be used for road star rating. The study was conducted in three districts of Sri Lanka: Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa and Kurunegala. The data for road characteristics were obtained through the Google Earth Web engine whereas accident data were collected from Sri Lanka Police. The variables such as road condition, road length, road width, delineation, shoulder condition, footpath, vehicle parking length, road divide status, roadside objects length, number of lanes, number of intersections, number of pedestrian crossings, and number of bus bays were analyzed to develop a Negative Binomial regression model considering the number of accidents as the dependent variable. The results reveal that six variables: number of lanes, road condition, number of intersections, road divide status, road section length and width of lane are significant towards the occurrence of accidents. Moreover, the results demonstrate the relationship between the road characteristics and the accident number which is crucial in road designing in order to reduce road accidents. The findings affirm the possibility in developing a road safety rating mechanism for Sri Lankan streets to standardize the road network with the international standards while enhancing the road conditions with reflecting to the required safety levels. KEYWORDS: Road safety, Road star rating, Sri Lankan roads, Negative binomial regression
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Onishi, Hiroki, Makoto Fujiu y Junichi Takayama. "Relationship between ages of children riding bicycles involved in traffic accidents and violations of traffic laws and ordinances in Ishikawa Prefecture". En 7th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2022.1403.

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In Japan, where the birthrate continues to decline, various initiatives are underway to promote traffic safety for children. Although these efforts have helped reduce the number of traffic accidents involving children, examination of the circumstances under which children were killed or injured in traffic accidents in recent years shows that accidents in which children were riding bicycles accounted for the highest percentage of accidents. We investigated the relationship between the ages of children involved in traffic accidents and violations of traffic laws using traffic accident statistics maintained by the Ishikawa Prefectural Police Headquarters. Our analysis of violations of laws and ordinances with respect to ages of bicyclists involved in car accidents at intersections found that, of all the age categories, elementary school students had the lowest rate of accidents with no violations and the highest rate of accidents involving failure to stop. Junior and senior high school students had lower rates of accidents involving failure to stop than elementary school students. Moreover, at non-intersections, driving safety violations were notably higher for accidents involving bicycling elementary school students than for those in other age groups.
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Vyrozhemskyi, Valerii, Liudmyla Nahrebelna, Minenko Yevhen y Nataliia Bidnenko. "New method of predicting the occurrence of road accidents in Ukraine". En 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.1067.

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Insufficient road safety level remains a serious problem in Ukraine. The number of people killed in road accidents in 2018 per 100 thousand of population is 9,11, while in the countries of the European Union, on average, this indicator is 5-6 deaths per 100 thousand of population. The growing number of vehicles and road users increases the likelihood of road accidents and, accordingly, the number of the suffered people increases. This regularity can be noted not only in our country, but also in the countries over the world. Method of prospective extrapolation is proposed for the prevention of road accidents which makes it possible to transfer the trends and links connected with the occurrence of road accidents in the past to the current period and for the future. To apply this method, it is necessary to have a qualitative statistical analysis of the road accident data. This provides an opportunity to foresee the occurrence of a particular type of accident, its location and the causes affecting its occurrence. By using the prospective extrapolation method, it is possible to reduce the number of road accidents and the severity of their consequences, including reducing the number of fatal accidents to a minimum.
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Garg, Saurabh y Kazunaga Kasai. "Telematics: Solution to Reduce Road Accidents on Indian Roads". En NuGen Summit. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-28-2446.

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Tumavičė, Aja, Juratė Vitkienė, Svaja Kaniušėnienė, Igoris Kravcovas y Ineta Lingytė. "The Key Issues of Road Design Found from Road Safety Inspections and Road Safety Audits". En Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.150.

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In order to reduce accident rate on roads and streets more and more various road safety measures are being imple- mented each year. Nevertheless, road safety problem exists in most countries. For example, even though accident rate in Lith- uania was almost halved (6372 to 3161 yearly accidents) from years 2004 to 2015, fatality rate is still quite high – 8.3 per 100000 people. New regulations, approved in 2008, dictate the need of carrying out road safety audits and road safety inspec- tions for all road and street design projects. This paper presents most common road design errors and methods of fixing those errors based on Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Road Research Institute road safety auditors’ experience from years 2011 to 2016. Most common safety problems are organized and presented in groups ordered by their importance. Recommen- dations on how to improve road safety audit and inspection procedures in the future are formulated, as well as suggestions on improving road project design stage by taking most common flaw priority into consideration.
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Shubham, A., K. Deogharia, A. Bundela, A. Chaturvedi, L. Sharma, S. Srivastava y A. Kshitij. "Smart Emergency Response System for Road Accidents with Automatic Accident Detection". En 2nd Smart Cities Symposium (SCS 2019). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2019.0193.

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Procházka, Jiří, Samuel Flimmel, Matej Čamaj y Milan Bašta. "Modelling the Number of Road Accidents". En Applications of Mathematics and Statistics in Economics. International Scientific Conference: Szklarska Poręba, 30 August- 3 September 2017. Publishing House of Wroclaw University of Economics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/amse.2017.20.29.

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Ghosh, Arijit y Rajendra Prasad. "Monitoring of Road Accidents- A Review". En 2018 International Conference on Control, Power, Communication and Computing Technologies (ICCPCCT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccpcct.2018.8574276.

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Wai, Alvin Ho Chun, Sam Yi Seng y Jeff Lai Wan Fei. "Fatality Involving Road Accidents in Malaysia". En the 2019 2nd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3343485.3343494.

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Barić, Danijela, Silvestar Grabušić y Dražen Kaužljar. "Barriers and half-barriers - violation at level crossings: A case study of drivers behaviour in Croatia". En 7th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2022.1455.

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This study investigates accidents at active level crossings (LCs) in Croatia (A.1.3., by ERA classification) equipped with barriers or half-barriers and warning automatic devices (light and sound signalling). Statistical data were collected to identify the number of yearly broken barriers and half-barriers, causes, consequences, time, location and spatial distribution of accidents. Only collisions with barriers and half-barriers were analysed. Although active LC protection systems effectively prevent accidents due to road user errors, there are many broken barriers or half barriers at the LCs (378 in 2020, 435 in 2019), which indicate risky driving behaviour of LC users. The results of the analysis show a declining trend. Still, as the high number of barriers or half-barriers at the LCs were in most cases broken just before the train was approaching, for which they were lowered, this could have led to severe accidents. Based on this, we can assume that the most significant focus of accident prevention and improving safety at LCs in the future need to be on human behaviour.
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Informes sobre el tema "Road accidents"

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Liu, Hongrui y Rahul Ramachandra Shetty. Analytical Models for Traffic Congestion and Accident Analysis. Mineta Transportation Institute, noviembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2102.

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In the US, over 38,000 people die in road crashes each year, and 2.35 million are injured or disabled, according to the statistics report from the Association for Safe International Road Travel (ASIRT) in 2020. In addition, traffic congestion keeping Americans stuck on the road wastes millions of hours and billions of dollars each year. Using statistical techniques and machine learning algorithms, this research developed accurate predictive models for traffic congestion and road accidents to increase understanding of the complex causes of these challenging issues. The research used US Accidents data consisting of 49 variables describing 4.2 million accident records from February 2016 to December 2020, as well as logistic regression, tree-based techniques such as Decision Tree Classifier and Random Forest Classifier (RF), and Extreme Gradient boosting (XG-boost) to process and train the models. These models will assist people in making smart real-time transportation decisions to improve mobility and reduce accidents.
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Fletcher, John. Rapid desk-based study: The economic impact of road traffic accidents and injuries in developing countries. Evidence on Demand, agosto de 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12774/eod_hd.june2014.fletcher.

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Sarofim, Samer y Aly Tawfik. Creating Safer Communities for the Use of Active Transportation Modes in California: The Development of Effective Communication Message Strategy for Vulnerable Road Users. Mineta Transportation Institute, julio de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2030.

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Despite increased efforts to improve safety in recent years (e.g., the Focus Cities Program in California), California continues to have a high rate of pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities. Currently, the state currently lacks a cohesive messaging strategy to improve behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclist traffic safety practices. To fulfill this need, this research showcases the differential effect of message framing on attitudes and intended behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclists traffic safety practices. This project investigated factors & risky behaviors contributing to accidents involving vulnerable road users, preventive measures to decrease accidents involving vulnerable road users, and more. The qualitative analysis presented a significant lack of coherent, long-term, evidence-based communication strategies that aimed at enhancing the safety of vulnerable road users in California. Quantitatively, this research also experimentally investigated various messages, employing different time horizons and regulatory focus message framings. Findings indicate that the messages with a limited time horizon tend to be associated with better safety perceptions and attitudes than messages with an expansive time horizon. California transportation authorities, professionals, and advocacy groups will be able to use this information to effectively allocate the communication effort and spending to induce attitudinal and behavioral change that can impact the safety of active transportation modes.
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Sarofim, Samer y Aly Tawfik. Creating Safer Communities for the Use of Active Transportation Modes in California: The Development of Effective Communication Message Strategy for Vulnerable Road Users. Mineta Transportation Institute, julio de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2030.

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Despite increased efforts to improve safety in recent years (e.g., the Focus Cities Program in California), California continues to have a high rate of pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities. Currently, the state currently lacks a cohesive messaging strategy to improve behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclist traffic safety practices. To fulfill this need, this research showcases the differential effect of message framing on attitudes and intended behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclists traffic safety practices. This project investigated factors & risky behaviors contributing to accidents involving vulnerable road users, preventive measures to decrease accidents involving vulnerable road users, and more. The qualitative analysis presented a significant lack of coherent, long-term, evidence-based communication strategies that aimed at enhancing the safety of vulnerable road users in California. Quantitatively, this research also experimentally investigated various messages, employing different time horizons and regulatory focus message framings. Findings indicate that the messages with a limited time horizon tend to be associated with better safety perceptions and attitudes than messages with an expansive time horizon. California transportation authorities, professionals, and advocacy groups will be able to use this information to effectively allocate the communication effort and spending to induce attitudinal and behavioral change that can impact the safety of active transportation modes.
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Lombardo, N. J., D. D. Lanning y F. E. Panisko. Full-length fuel rod behavior under severe accident conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), diciembre de 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7042819.

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Siefken, L. J. Preliminary design report for modeling of hydrogen uptake in fuel rod cladding during severe accidents. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/296734.

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Siefken, Larry James. Preliminary Design Report for Modeling of Hydrogen Uptake in Fuel Rod Cladding During Severe Accidents. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), febrero de 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/911504.

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Siefken, Larry James. Calculation of Hydrogen and Oxygen Uptake in Fuel Rod Cladding During Severe Accidents Using the Integral Diffusion Method - Final Design Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), junio de 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/911489.

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Siefken, L. J. Calculation of hydrogen and oxygen uptake in fuel rod cladding during severe accidents using the integral diffusion method -- Preliminary design report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), febrero de 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/751980.

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Siefken, L. J. Calculation of hydrogen and oxygen uptake in fuel rod cladding during severe accidents using the integral diffusion method -- Final Design Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mayo de 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/752085.

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