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Skagen, Susan K., Jeffrey F. Kelly, Charles van Riper, Richard L. Hutto, Deborah M. Finch, David J. Krueper y Cynthia P. Melcher. "Geography of Spring Landbird Migration Through Riparian Habitats in Southwestern North America". Condor 107, n.º 2 (1 de mayo de 2005): 212–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.2.212.
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Abstract Migration stopover resources, particularly riparian habitats, are critically important to landbirds migrating across the arid southwestern region of North America. To explore the effects of species biogeography and habitat affinity on spring migration patterns, we synthesized existing bird abundance and capture data collected in riparian habitats of the borderlands region of the U.S. and Mexico. We determined the importance of geographic factors (longitude and latitude) in explaining variation in abundances and capture rates of 32 long-distance and three short-distance migrant species. Abundances and capture rates of 13 and 11 species, respectively, increased with increasing longitude, and four species' abundance and capture rates decreased with increasing longitude. Riparian associates, but not nonriparian species, were more abundant in western sites. Their abundance patterns were only weakly influenced by species biogeography. In contrast, biogeography did influence abundance patterns of nonriparian birds, suggesting that they choose the shortest, most direct route between wintering and breeding areas. We hypothesize that riparian obligate birds may, to some degree, adjust their migration routes to maximize time spent in high-quality riparian zones, but they are able to find suitable habitat opportunistically when crossing more hostile landscapes. In contrast, nonriparian birds adhere more closely to a hierarchical model in which the migratory route is determined by biogeographic constraints. Conservation of riparian habitats is necessary to meet future habitat stopover requirements of many western Neotropical migrant birds. We advocate a coordinated research effort to further elucidate patterns of distribution and habitat use so that conservation activities can be focused effectively. Geografía de la Migración de Primavera de Aves Terrestres a Través de Hábitats Riparios en el Sudoeste de Norteamérica Resumen. Los recursos que sirven como paradas migratorias, especialmente los hábitats riparios, son críticamente importantes para las aves migratorias terrestres a través de la región árida del sudoeste de Norteamérica. Para explorar los efectos de la biogeografía de las especies y la afinidad de hábitat sobre los patrones de migración de primavera, sintetizamos los datos existentes de abundancia y capturas de aves colectados en hábitats riparios en la zona fronteriza entre Estados Unidos y México. Determinamos la importancia de factores geográficos (latitud y longitud) en explicar la variación en las abundancias y en las tasas de captura de 32 especies migratorias de larga distancia y 3 de corta distancia. Las abundancias y tasas de captura de 13 y 11 especies, respectivamente, aumentaron con el aumento de la longitud, y cuatro especies mostraron una disminución con el aumento de la longitud. Las aves asociadas a los ambientes riparios fueron más abundantes en los sitios del oeste que las especies no riparias, y su abundancia sólo se vio levemente influenciada por la biogeografía de las especies. De modo contrastante, la biogeografía sí influenció los patrones de abundancia de las especies de aves no riparias, lo que sugiere que éstas escogieron la ruta más corta y directa entre las áreas de invernada y de reproducción. Proponemos la hipótesis de que las aves de hábitat ripario obligatorias pueden, hasta cierto grado, ajustar sus rutas migratorias para maximizar el tiempo en zonas riparias de alta calidad, pero también son capaces de encontrar hábitats adecuados de manera oportunista al cruzar paisajes más hostiles. De modo contrastante, las aves no riparias se adhieren más cercanamente a un modelo jerárquico en el cual la ruta migratoria es determinada por restricciones biogeográficas. La conservación de los hábitats riparios es necesaria para cumplir los requerimientos futuros de las paradas durante la migración de muchas aves migratorias Neotropicales del oeste. Abogamos por un esfuerzo de investigación coordinado para elucidar los patrones de distribución y de uso de hábitat de manera que las actividades para la conservación puedan ser enfocadas de manera eficiente.
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Lefaan, Paskalina Th, Hans Fence Zakeus Peday, Simon Petrus Oktovianus Leatemia, Luky Sembel y Emmanuel Manangkalangi. "Structure of Riparian Vegetation and Its Implications for The Habitat Conditions of Arfak Rainbowfish, Melanotaenia Arfakensis at The Nimbai Stream, Manokwari, West Papua". Samakia : Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan 10, n.º 1 (4 de abril de 2019): 38–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35316/jsapi.v10i1.258.
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Riparian vegetation has an important role in maintaining water stability, one of which is the river. This study aims to describe the structure of riparian vegetation so that its implications can be seen for the conditions of rainbow arfak habitat on the Nimbai River. The study was conducted in three forest types, namely primary riparia forest, secondary riparia forest and open riparia forest. Sample collection of riparian vegetation was carried out by purposive sampling using sample plots. Plots measuring 2 m x 2 m are used to sample seedling and understorey growth, plots measuring 5 m x 5 m for growth at the stake level, while plots measuring 10 m x 10 m and 20 m x 20 m, for growth of pole and tree levels respectively. The identification results obtained a total of 35 species of understorey and 51 tree-level plants in all three types of riparian forests. Based on the analysis of vegetation structure, it is known that the condition of primary riparia forest and secondary riparian forest still relatively supports the life of arfak rainbow fish compared to open riparian forest. Higher tree level density associated with canopy cover which has implications for the temperature of the water to be colder and less fluctuating, input larger litter into the food chain in the river, and hold suspended particles into the river. Also, the function of riparian vegetation in spawning activities, substrate attaching eggs and nursery habitat for arfak rainbow fish larvae. The results of this study indicate the importance of riparian vegetation structure on the condition of rainbow arfak fish habitat. An understanding of the structure of vegetation is also a basic information for efforts to rehabilitate this endemic fish habitat to maintain the existence of a natural population.
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Portillo Reyes, Héctor Orlando y Fausto Elvir. "MAMÍFEROS EN DOS BOSQUES RIPARIOS DE LA SABANA DE PINO EN LA MOSKITIA HONDUREÑA". Revista Mexicana de Mastozoologia 1, n.º 2 (15 de diciembre de 2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ie.20074484e.2018.1.2.262.
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ResumenEn los bosques riparios de la Sabana de Pino en la Moskitia hondureña realizamos un muestreo con cámaras-trampa para registrar a los mamíferos terrestres medianos y grandes de la región. Los resultados indican que estos ecosistemas son de suma relevancia, ya que se encuentran 17 especies de mamíferos medianos y grandes, agrupados en 7 órdenes, 10 familias, con un número de registro total de 595 eventos. En el estudio se reportaron especies de importancia para su conservación como el el jaguar (Panthera onca), el oso hormiguero gigante (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), la jagüilla (Tayassu pecari) y el danto (Tapirus bairdii). Los bosques riparios en la Sabana de Pino cumplen la función de enlace para muchas especies asociadas a los bosques de hoja ancha, permitiendo el intercambio y flujo genético entre poblaciones. Las Sabanas de la Moskitia hondureña cuentan con un área aproximada de 6,000 km2 e incluyen 19 ecosistemas; su geografía contiene cursos de agua acompañados por bosque ripario que se extienden a lo largo y ancho de esta región. Estos bosques, llamados también criques, conforman una inmensa red hídrica de aproximadamente 4,771 km lineales. Se tiene poco conocimiento de la biodiversidad en estos bosques y cómo funcionan ecológicamente. Por lo tanto, es necesario continuar monitoreando y establecer estrategias para conservar estos ecosistemas, así como mantener los beneficios que ofrecen a las comunidades indígenas Miskitas.Palabras clave: crique, Ripario, Moskitia hondureña, Sabana de Pino.AbstractWe sampled the riparian forest in the Pine Savanna of Hondurans Moskitia using camera traps to register medium and large mammals in the region. The results indicate that these ecosystems are of great importance, being 17 species of medium and large mammals, grouped in 7 orders, 10 families, with a total registration number of 595 events. Species of importance for conservation are reported such as the jaguar (Panthera onca), the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), the jagüilla (Tayassu pecari), and the tapir (Tapirus bairdii). These forest works as corridor for many species associated with broadleaf forests, allowing the exchange and genetic flow between populations. The pine savannas of the Honduran Moskitia have an approximate area of 6,000 km2, includes 19 ecosystems; their geography contains small streams accompanied by riparian forest that extend throughout this region. These riparian forest also called creeks, make up an immense water network of approximately 4,771 linear km. There is few information of biodiversity in these ecosystems and how they work ecologically. It is necessary to continue monitoring and establishing strategies to conserve the pine savannas and riparian forests in order to maintain its benefits for the Miskito indigenous communities.Key words: creek, riparian, Moskitia hondureña, Pine Savanna.
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Bando, Arman Hi, Ratna Siahaan y Marnix D. Langoy. "KEANEKARAGAMAN VEGETASI RIPARIAN DI SUNGAI TEWALEN, MINAHASA SELATAN-SULAWESI UTARA". JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 16, n.º 1 (6 de mayo de 2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.16.1.2016.12197.
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KEANEKARAGAMAN VEGETASI RIPARIAN DI SUNGAI TEWALEN, MINAHASA SELATAN - SULAWESI UTARAABSTRAK Vegatasi riparian merupakan sumberdaya alam yang mudah terganggu akibat aktivitas manusia misalnya konversi riaria menjadi lahan permukiman, pertanian dan industri. Vegetasi riparian dapat berfungsi mempertahankan kualitas air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman vegetasi riparian di Sungai Tewalen, Minahasa Selatan - Sulawesi Utara. Metode purposive digunakan untuk menentukan lokasi dan pengelompokan berdasarkan kriteria pertumbuhan untuk memperoleh data kekayaan jenis dan kelimpahan. Sebanyak 3 stasiun penelitian ditentukan yaitu hulu, tengah dan hilir. Tiga ulangan dilakukan di tiap stasiun. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan Indeks keanekaragaman jenis Shannon - Wienner (H’), Indeks Kemerataan dan Indeks Kesamaan Jenis Sorensen. Kekayaan jenis egetasi riparian sebanyak lima puluh enam (56) jenis yeng termasuk dalam tiga puluh (30) suku. Tiga (3) suku terbesar yaitu Poaceae (22%), Cyatheaceae (13%) dan Araceae (11%). Keanekaragaman vegetasi riparian pada tingkat rumput hingga pohon di lokasi penelitian termasuk sedang (H’ 1≤ H ≤ 3). Vegetasi riparian di Sungai Tewalen secara umum memiliki tingkat kemerataan yang tinggi yaitu mendekati 1 yang menunjukkan jumlah individu masing-masing jenis sama atau tidak jauh berbeda. Kesamaan jenis antar stasiun penelitian rendah yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaaan komunitas vegetasi riparian antar stasiun. Kata kunci: Vegetasi riparian, Sungai Tewalen, Minahasa Selatan, Sulawesi Utara RIPARIAN VEGETATION DIVERSITY OF TEWALEN RIVER,SOUTH MINAHASA REGENCY- NORTH SULAWESI ABSTRACT Riparian vegetation is natural resource easily disturbed by human activities such as conversion of riparia to be settlement, agriculture and industry areas. Riparian vegetation serves to maintain water quality. This study aimed to analyze the diversity of riparian vegetation of Tewalen River, South Minahasa - North Sulawesi. Purposive sampling method was used to determine the locations and grouping based on growth criteria to obtain data on species richness and abundance. Three (3) research locations were determined that were up, mid and downstream parts. Three replications were applied at each location. Data were analyzed descriptively based on species diversity index Shannon - Wienner (H '), Evenness Index and Sorensen Similarity Index. Species richness of riparian vegetation were fifty-six (56) species were grouped into thirty (30) families. The biggest families were Poaceae (22%), Cyatheaceae (13%) and Araceae (11%). Riparian vegetation diversity from grass to trees were moderate (H '1≤ H ≤ 3). Generally, riparian vegetation of Tewalen River had high evenness (close to 1) that showed the number of individuals of each species were same or not different. The low index of species similarity between stations showed the differences riparian vegetation communities between stations. Keywords: Riparian vegetation, Tewalen River, South Minahasa, North Sulawesi.
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Rodewald, Paul G. y Stephen N. Matthews. "Landbird use of Riparian and Upland Forest Stopover Habitats in an Urban Landscape". Condor 107, n.º 2 (1 de mayo de 2005): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.2.259.
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Abstract Stopover habitat relationships of landbirds are not well known and this constitutes a shortcoming in conservation plans for migratory birds. We compared migrant use of mature upland and riparian forests during spring in an urbanizing landscape within central Ohio. We surveyed stopover migrants along 250-m transects, and quantified both local- and landscape-level habitat characteristics (percent urban and forest land). During spring stopover, migrant abundance was 86% and 118% higher in upland forests for Nearctic-Neotropical transient (long-distance migrants) and temperate transients (short-distance migrants), respectively. Of 27 transient species, 22 species differed in their use of riparian and upland forests, and 20 of those were most abundant in upland forest (e.g., Blue-headed Vireo [Vireo solitarius], Least Flycatcher [Empidonax minimus], Swainson's Thrush [Catharus ustulatus], Nashville Warbler [Vermivora ruficapilla], Magnolia Warbler [Dendroica magnolia], Bay-breasted Warbler [D. castanea], and Ovenbird [Seiurus aurocapillus]). Species richness was 58% and 75% higher in upland forests relative to riparian forests for Neotropical transient and temperate transient groups, respectively. Percent urbanization within 1 km was unrelated to abundance of Neotropical transients and temperate transients. Abundance of Neotropical transients and temperate transients was unrelated to percent forest cover within 1 km. Mature upland and riparian forests differed in that riparian sites had lower percentage of shrub cover, higher percentage of canopy cover, and different species composition of trees. Abundance of Neotropical transients was positively associated with mean canopy height; temperate transients were positively associated with mean number of trees >38 cm DBH and mean percentage of shrub cover. Our data indicate that mature upland forests were more heavily used by migrating landbirds than riparian forests within an urbanizing Midwestern landscape and may represent valuable habitats for the conservation of migratory landbirds within highly fragmented landscapes. Uso de Bosques Riparios y de Llanuras por Aves Terrestres como Hábitats de Paradas Migratorias en un Paisaje Urbano Resumen. Las relaciones de los hábitats que sirven como paradas migratorias para las aves terrestres no están bien conocidas, y esto constituye una deficiencia en los planes de conservación de las aves migratorias. Comparamos el uso de bosques maduros de llanuras y de bosques riparios por parte de aves migratorias durante la primavera en un paisaje que está siendo urbanizado en Ohio central. Registramos aves migratorias en las paradas de migración a lo largo de transectos de 250 m y cuantificamos las características del hábitat tanto a nivel local como a nivel del paisaje (porcentaje de cobertura urbana y de bosque). Durante la parada migratoria de primavera, la abundancia de las aves migratorias en bosques de llanura fue un 86% mayor para las aves transitorias del Neártico-Neotrópico (aves migratorias de larga distancia) y un 118% mayor para las aves transitorias templadas (aves migratorias de corta distancia). De 27 especies transitorias, 22 especies se diferenciaron en su uso de bosque ripario y de llanura, y 20 de éstas fueron más abundantes en bosques de llanura (e.g., Vireo solitarius, Empidonax minimus, Catharus ustulatus, Vermivora ruficapilla, Dendroica magnolia, D. castanea, Seiurus aurocapillus). La riqueza de especies en bosques de llanura con relación a el bosque ripario fue un 58% mayor para los grupos de aves transitorias Neotropicales y un 75% mayor para las aves transitorias templadas. El porcentaje de cobertura de urbanización en un radio de 1 km no se relacionó con la abundancia de aves transitorias Neotropicales ni con las transitorias templadas. La abundancia de las aves transitorias Neotropicales y templadas no se relacionó con la cobertura de bosque dentro de un radio de 1 km. Los bosques maduros de llanura y los bosques riparios se diferenciaron en que los sitios de bosque ripario tuvieron menor cobertura de arbustos, una mayor cobertura de dosel y una composición de especies de árboles diferente. La abundancia de las aves transitorias Neotropicales se relacionó positivamente con la altura promedio del dosel, mientras que las aves transitorias templadas se relacionaron positivamente con el número promedio de árboles con DAP >38 cm y con la cobertura promedio de arbustos. Nuestros datos indican que los bosques maduros de llanuras fueron utilizados con mayor intensidad por aves migratorias terrestres que los bosques riparios en un paisaje urbanizado del medio-oeste, y que estos bosques pueden representar un tipo de hábitat valioso para la conservación de las aves migratorias terrestres en un paisaje altamente fragmentado.
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McNeish, Rachel E., M. Eric Benbow y Ryan W. McEwan. "Removal of the Invasive Shrub, Lonicera maackii (Amur Honeysuckle), from a Headwater Stream Riparian Zone Shifts Taxonomic and Functional Composition of the Aquatic Biota". Invasive Plant Science and Management 10, n.º 3 (4 de agosto de 2017): 232–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/inp.2017.22.
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Riparian plant invasions can result in near-monocultures along stream and river systems, prompting management agencies to target invasive species for removal as an ecological restoration strategy. Riparian plant invaders can alter resource conditions in the benthos and drive bottom-up shifts in aquatic biota. However, the influence of management activities on the structure and function of aquatic communities is not well understood. We investigated how removal of a riparian invader, Lonicera maackii (Amur honeysuckle), influenced aquatic macroinvertebrate community functional and taxonomic diversity in a headwater stream. We hypothesized that removal of L. maackii from invaded riparia would result in (H1) increased aquatic macroinvertebrate abundance, density, and diversity; (H2) a taxonomic and functional shift in community composition; and, in particular, (H3) increased functional diversity. Aquatic macroinvertebrates were sampled monthly from autumn 2010 to winter 2013 in headwater stream riffles with a dense riparian L. maackii invasion and those where L. maackii had been experimentally removed. We found macroinvertebrate density was significantly higher in the L. maackii removal reach (P<0.05) and that macroinvertebrate community structure and functional trait presence was distinct between stream reaches and across seasons (P<0.05). The removal reach exhibited greater functional richness during spring and summer and had more unique functionally relevant taxa (20% and 85%) compared with the L. maackii reach (5% and 75%) during summer and autumn seasons. Our results suggest bottom-up processes link restoration activities in the riparian corridor and aquatic biota through alterations of functional composition in the benthic community.
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Gende, Scott M. y Mary F. Willson. "Passerine Densities in Riparian Forests of Southeast Alaska: Potential Effects of Anadromous Spawning Salmon". Condor 103, n.º 3 (1 de agosto de 2001): 624–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/103.3.624.
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AbstractSpawning salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) greatly influence many biotic processes in both the aquatic and terrestrial components of riparian systems, possibly including the community of breeding birds. In southeastern Alaska in 1996–1997, the riparian forests bordering salmon streams supported, on average, higher densities, but not diversity, of forest passerines compared to non-salmon streams. The presence of salmon in the fall increases the abundance of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates and possibly enhances food resources to riparian birds in the spring.Densidades de Aves Paserinas en Bosques Riparios del Sureste de Alaska: Efectos Potenciales del Desove de Salmones AnádromosResumen. El desove de salmones anádromos (Oncorhynchus spp.) ejerce una importante influencia sobre muchos procesos bióticos en los componentes acuáticos y terrestres de los sistemas ribereños, incluyendo posiblemente las comunidades de aves. Entre 1996 y 1997, los bosques riparios del sureste de Alaska ubicados alrededor de arroyos con salmones tuvieron en promedio mayores densidades (pero no mayor diversidad) de aves paserinas de bosque que bosques situados alrededor de arroyos sin salmones. La presencia de los salmones en el otoño incrementa la abundancia de invertebrados terrestres y acuáticos y posiblemente causa aumentos en la cantidad de recursos alimenticios disponibles para las aves ribereñas en la primavera.
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Tockner, K. y J. V. Ward. "Biodiversity along riparian corridors". River Systems 11, n.º 3 (20 de diciembre de 1999): 293–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/lr/11/1999/293.
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Pinay, Gilles y G. P. Malanson. "Riparian Landscapes." Journal of Applied Ecology 31, n.º 3 (agosto de 1994): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2404455.
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Slater, F. M. y G. P. Malanson. "Riparian Landscapes." Journal of Ecology 82, n.º 3 (septiembre de 1994): 704. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2261283.
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Bendix, J. "Riparian landscapes". Geomorphology 11, n.º 2 (diciembre de 1994): 172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-555x(94)90082-5.
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Allen, Edith B. y William A. Niering. "Riparian Restoration". Restoration Ecology 5 (28 de junio de 2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100x.1997.tb00198.x.
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Mountain, Alicia. "Riparian County". Pleiades: Literature in Context 38, n.º 2 (2018): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plc.2018.0119.
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Carlisle, Jay D., Sarah L. Stock, Gregory S. Kaltenecker y David L. Swanson. "Habitat Associations, Relative Abundance, and Species Richness of Autumn Landbird Migrants in Southwestern Idaho". Condor 106, n.º 3 (1 de agosto de 2004): 549–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/106.3.549.
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AbstractWe used count surveys and mist-net captures to compare habitat associations, relative abundance, species richness, and community similarity of migrant landbirds among four major habitats in the Boise Foothills of southwestern Idaho. Count surveys were conducted from August through October 1997–2000 in conifer forest, mountain shrubland, shrubsteppe, and riparian shrubland. We compared bird detections among habitats for all birds pooled, individual species, and three migration strategies: Neotropical, temperate, and resident (including irruptive migrants). Mountain shrubland supported the highest numbers of temperate migrants; both mountain shrubland and riparian shrubland had the highest numbers of Neotropical migrants; and conifer forest had the highest numbers of residents. Species richness was highest in riparian shrubland and lowest in shrubsteppe, whereas diversity and evenness were highest in conifer forest and mountain shrubland. Mist netting was conducted from mid-July to mid-October in two habitats: mountain shrubland (1997– 2002) and riparian shrubland (1998–1999). Captures (adjusted for effort) were compared among habitats in 1998–1999 and were similar for temperate migrants, whereas mountain shrubland had higher abundance of Neotropical migrants and riparian shrubland had higher abundance of irruptive migrants. Richness, diversity, and evenness were similar and there was high community similarity between mountain shrub and riparian shrubland habitats. These results emphasize the importance of montane habitats, especially deciduous shrub communities, to migrants in the Intermountain West.Asociaciones de Hábitat, Abundancia Relativa y Riqueza de Especies de Aves Migratorias Terrestres de Otoño en el Sudoeste de IdahoResumen. Empleamos muestreos por conteos y capturas con redes de niebla para comparar asociaciones de hábitat, abundancia relativa, riqueza de especies, y similitud entre comunidades de aves migratorias terrestres, presentes en los cuatro hábitats principales de piedemonte de Boise en el sudoeste de Idaho. Los conteos fueron realizados entre agosto hasta octubre de los años 1997–2000 en bosque de coníferas, hábitat de matorral de montaña, matorral de estepa, y en matorral ripario. Comparamos la detección de aves entre hábitats para todas las especies juntas, para cada especie por separado y para tres categorías de estrategia de migración: especies migratorias neotropicales, especies migratorias de la zona templada y especies residentes (incluyendo migrantes irruptivas). El hábitat de matorral de montaña tuvo los números más altos de especies migratorias templadas. Los hábitats de matorral de montaña y matorral ripario tuvieron los números más altos de especies migratorias neotropicales y el bosque de coníferas tuvo los números más altos de especies residentes. La riqueza de especies fue mayor en el matorral ripario y menor en el matorral de estepa, mientras que la diversidad y la equidad fueron mayores en bosque de coníferas y matorral de montaña. El muestreo con redes de niebla se llevó a cabo desde mediados de julio hasta mediados de octubre en dos hábitats: matorral de montaña (1997–2002) y matorral ripario (1998–1999). Las capturas (ajustadas por esfuerzo de muestreo) fueron comparadas entre hábitats en 1998–1999. La abundancia de las especies migratorias de la zona templada fue similar entre hábitats, mientras que el hábitat de matorral de montaña tuvo la mayor abundancia de especies migratorias neotropicales y el matorral ripario tuvo la mayor abundancia de especies migratorias irruptivas. La riqueza, la diversidad y la equidad fueron similares entre hábitats y las comunidades de los hábitats de matorral de montaña y matorral ripario presentaron alta similitud. Estos resultados enfatizan la importancia de los hábitats de montaña, especialmente la de los hábitats de comunidades arbustivas deciduas, para las especies migratorias en el oeste intermontano.
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Fitch, L. y B. W. Adams. "Can cows and fish co-exist?" Canadian Journal of Plant Science 78, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 1998): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p97-141.
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Our paper provides an ecological perspective on the interrelationship between livestock grazing and riparian areas through a review of topical literature. We also describe the Alberta Riparian Habitat Management Project (also known as "Cows and Fish"), and draw upon our experience to provide a perspective on future riparian management actions. Those actions should begin with an understanding that prairie landscapes evolved with herbivores, in a grazing regime timed and controlled by season and climatic fluctuations where grazing by native grazers was followed by variable rest periods. Prevailing range management principles represent an attempt to imitate the natural system and describe ecologically based grazing systems. Traditionally, range management guidelines have focused on grazing practices and impacts in upland, terrestrial rangelands, with a lack of attention devoted to riparian areas.Three decades of riparian investigation have quantified the effect unmanaged livestock grazing can have on range productivity and watershed function. We contend that suitable grazing strategies for riparian areas will be developed first by understanding the function of riparian systems and then by applying range management principles to develop riparian grazing strategies. A key step towards determining the fit of livestock grazing is an understanding of the formation of riparian systems and their ecological function. We describe riparian structure, function and process to provide linkages between livestock grazing, riparian vegetation health and stream channel dynamics. We summarize the effects of unmanaged livestock grazing on riparian habitats and fish and wildlife populations. The general conclusion is that unmanaged grazing results in overuse and degradation of riparian areas. The literature provides several options for the development of riparian grazing strategies. We provide an overview of strategies suitable for riparian areas in Southern Alberta which should maintain ecological function and sustained use. Key words: Riparian, grazing management, grazing systems, riparian grazing
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Gomes, Duanne Mendes, Paulo Monteiro Araujo, Sávio Freire da Silva, Veridiana Rebelo dos Santos, Stanley Juan Chavez Gutierrez, Lyghia Maria Araújo Meirelles y Maria das Graças Freire de Medeiros Carvalho. "Potencial bioativo dos análogos sintéticos das riparinas: uma revisão sistemática". Research, Society and Development 10, n.º 16 (13 de diciembre de 2021): e328101623510. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23510.
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Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática dos estudos com os análogos sintéticos da Aniba riparia, as riparinas A, B, C, D, E e F, com o intuito de evidenciar os potenciais farmacológicos já elucidados. Metodologia: Utilizou-se três bases de dados para seleção dos artigos a serem incluídos na revisão Embase, Pubmed e Web of Science, com a seguinte estratégia de busca simplificada (Riparin or Aniba riparia), ao final da seleção, resultou em 10 artigos para a elaboração deste trabalho. Resultados: As publicações dos estudos com derivados sintéticos foram identificadas entre os anos de 2014 a 2021. Sendo que a maioria das pesquisas utilizavam a riparina A, seguida pela B, e todos tratavam-se de estudos pré-clínicos. Foram relatados importantes efeitos farmacológicos, como as atividades antibacteriana, antifúngica, anti-inflamatória, antinociceptiva, antitumoral, imunomoduladora, antiprotozoário, antiparasitária, ansiolítica e antioxidante. Discussão: Os estudos realizados com os análogos sintéticos têm colocado as mesmas como possíveis ferramentas terapêuticas, considerando as importantes atividades farmacológicas já relatadas. Conclusão: Contudo, considerando que a literatura já relata seis riparinas sintéticas, o número de artigos publicados voltados para elucidação de possíveis atividades farmacológicas parece reduzido, mesmo sendo promissoras candidatas para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas direcionadas para descobertas de novos fármacos.
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Forio, Marie Anne Eurie, Niels De Troyer, Koen Lock, Felix Witing, Lotte Baert, Nancy De Saeyer, Geta Rîșnoveanu et al. "Small Patches of Riparian Woody Vegetation Enhance Biodiversity of Invertebrates". Water 12, n.º 11 (2 de noviembre de 2020): 3070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12113070.
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Patches of riparian woody vegetation potentially help mitigate environmental impacts of agriculture and safeguard biodiversity. We investigated the effects of riparian forest on invertebrate diversity in coupled stream-riparian networks using a case study in the Zwalm river basin (Flanders, Belgium). Agriculture is one of the main pressures in the basin and riparian forest is limited to a number of isolated patches. Our 32 study sites comprised nine unshaded “unbuffered” sites which were paired with nine shaded “buffered” sites on the same stream reach, along with five ‘least-disturbed’ sites and nine downstream sites. We sampled water chemistry, habitat characteristics and stream and riparian invertebrates (carabid beetles and spiders) at each site. Three methods were used to quantify riparian attributes at different spatial scales: a visually-assessed qualitative index, quantitative estimates of habitat categories in six rectangular plots (10 × 5 m) and geographic information system (GIS)-derived land cover data. We investigated relationships between invertebrates and riparian attributes at different scales with linear regression and redundancy analyses. Spiders and carabids were most associated with local riparian attributes. In contrast, aquatic macroinvertebrates were strongly influenced by the extent of riparian vegetation in a riparian band upstream (100–300 m). These findings demonstrate the value of quantifying GIS-based metrics of riparian cover over larger spatial scales into assessments of the efficacy of riparian management as a complement to more detailed local scale riparian assessments in situ. Our findings highlight the value of even small patches of riparian vegetation in an otherwise extensively disturbed landscape in supporting biodiversity of both terrestrial and freshwater invertebrates and emphasize the need to consider multiple spatial scales in riparian management strategies which aim to mitigate human impacts on biodiversity in stream-riparian networks.
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Komonen, Atte, Mari E. Niemi y Kaisa Junninen. "Lakeside riparian forests support diversity of wood fungi in managed boreal forests". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, n.º 10 (octubre de 2008): 2650–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x08-105.
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Riparian forests often have a more diverse tree species composition and more woody debris than neighboring upland forests, but little is known about their importance for the conservation of deadwood-dependent species. We studied the forest characteristics and the diversity of wood fungi (poroid Aphyllophorales) in lakeside riparian (flat and sloping topography) and upland boreal forests in eastern Finland. Riparian forests had a higher density of broadleaved trees and broadleaved debris than did upland forests. A total of 48 species of wood fungi were recorded, including eight red-listed or old-growth forest indicator species. Overall, more species and records and greater diversity were observed in the flat riparian sites than in the sloped riparian and upland sites. The mean species richness did not differ significantly among site categories, indicating greater β diversity among the flat riparian sites. Species composition was more similar between the two riparian categories than between the riparian and upland sites. Riparian sites also hosted more fungal species associated with broadleaved trees. The results show that riparian forests support the diversity of wood fungi in managed boreal forests. Diversity of deadwood-dependent organisms can be promoted by leaving wider and completely unharvested riparian buffer zones.
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Nakagawa, Takeo y Takafume Kanehira. "Near-Nature Riparian Scheme and Japanese Style Riparian Scheme." ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH 20 (1992): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/proer1988.20.41.
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Holmes, Stephen B., David P. Kreutzweiser y Peter S. Hamilton. "Operational and economic feasibility of logging within forested riparian zones". Forestry Chronicle 86, n.º 5 (1 de septiembre de 2010): 601–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc86601-5.
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The placement of riparian setbacks around water bodies has been shown to reduce logging impacts on aquatic and riparian communities and processes. However, the systematic application of no-harvest riparian setbacks can result in unnatural, linear patterns of older-growth forest across the landscape, a pattern that is inconsistent with the goal of emulating natural disturbances. Partial harvesting within riparian zones could provide a partial solution to this problem. As part of a larger project to evaluate the environmental consequences of partial harvesting within stream riparian zones of boreal mixedwood forests, we measured wood volumes removed from riparian zones and compared feller buncher productivity between partially harvested riparian zones and adjacent clearcut uplands. On average, from 20% to 33% of the total basal area (27% to 39% of the spruce/pine/fir basal area) was removed from the riparian zones. The riparian harvest resulted in considerable heterogeneity in residual stand structure, however, with basal areas within 50-m segments along the streams ranging from just over 50% to >95% remaining. Our results suggest that, even though the absolute effort required to harvest trees was greater in riparian zones, the larger average size of the trees more than compensated, so that the wood volume removed per unit effort was higher in riparian zones than in clearcuts. Key words: machine productivity, partial harvest, residual stand structure, riparian zone
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Lupon, Anna, Susana Bernal, Sílvia Poblador, Eugènia Martí y Francesc Sabater. "The influence of riparian evapotranspiration on stream hydrology and nitrogen retention in a subhumid Mediterranean catchment". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, n.º 9 (14 de septiembre de 2016): 3831–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3831-2016.
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Abstract. Riparian evapotranspiration (ET) can influence stream hydrology at catchment scale by promoting the net loss of water from the stream towards the riparian zone (i.e., stream hydrological retention). However, the consequences of stream hydrological retention on nitrogen dynamics are not well understood. To fill this gap of knowledge, we investigated changes in riparian ET, stream discharge, and nutrient chemistry in two contiguous reaches (headwater and valley) with contrasted riparian forest size in a small forested Mediterranean catchment. Additionally, riparian groundwater level (hgw) was measured at the valley reach. The temporal pattern of riparian ET was similar between reaches, and was positively correlated with hgw (ρ = 0.60) and negatively correlated with net riparian groundwater inputs (ρ < −0.55). During the vegetative period, stream hydrological retention occurred mostly at the valley reach (59 % of the time), and was accompanied by in-stream nitrate release and ammonium uptake. During the dormant period, when the stream gained water from riparian groundwater, results showed small influences of riparian ET on stream hydrology and nitrogen concentrations. Despite being a small component of annual water budgets (4.5 %), our results highlight that riparian ET drives stream and groundwater hydrology in this Mediterranean catchment and, furthermore, question the potential of the riparian zone as a natural filter of nitrogen loads.
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Woodward, Brian D., Paul H. Evangelista, Nicholas E. Young, Anthony G. Vorster, Amanda M. West, Sarah L. Carroll, Rebecca K. Girma et al. "CO-RIP: A Riparian Vegetation and Corridor Extent Dataset for Colorado River Basin Streams and Rivers". ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 7, n.º 10 (5 de octubre de 2018): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7100397.
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Here we present “CO-RIP”, a novel spatial dataset delineating riparian corridors and riparian vegetation along large streams and rivers in the United States (U.S.) portion of the Colorado River Basin. The consistent delineation of riparian areas across large areas using remote sensing has been a historically complicated process partially due to differing definitions in the scientific and management communities regarding what a “riparian corridor” or “riparian vegetation” represents. We use valley-bottoms to define the riparian corridor and establish a riparian vegetation definition interpretable from aerial imagery for efficient, consistent, and broad-scale mapping. Riparian vegetation presence and absence data were collected using a systematic, flexible image interpretation process applicable wherever high resolution imagery is available. We implemented a two-step approach using existing valley bottom delineation methods and random forests classification models that integrate Landsat spectral information to delineate riparian corridors and vegetation across the 12 ecoregions of the Colorado River Basin. Riparian vegetation model accuracy was generally strong (median kappa of 0.80), however it varied across ecoregions (kappa range of 0.42–0.90). We offer suggestions for improvement in our current image interpretation and modelling frameworks, particularly encouraging additional research in mapping riparian vegetation in moist coniferous forest and deep canyon environments. The CO-RIP dataset created through this research is publicly available and can be utilized in a wide range of ecological applications.
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Arriaga-Flores, Julio César, Iván Castro-Arellano, Arnulfo Moreno-Valdez y Alfonso Correa-Sandoval. "Temporal niche overlap of a riparian forest bat assemblage in subtropical Mexico". Revista Mexicana de Mastozoología (Nueva Epoca) 2, n.º 1 (20 de septiembre de 2012): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ie.20074484e.2012.2.1.18.
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Use of time as mediator of ecological interactions is important but has been poorly studied and has received less attention than other niche axes. We characterized and compared patterns of activity, and temporal activity overlap of a bat assemblage at a riparian forest from La Peregrina Canyon, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Bats were captured during twenty one-nights, distributed over a year, using mistnets. Nets were opened before sunset and closed 13 h later, being checked every 30 min. A total of 22 species were recorded, with Sturnira lilium, Desmodus rotundus, S. ludovici, Artibeus lituratus and Pteronotus davyi, as the most abundant species. The activity of D. rotundus was different from other abundant species, except with A. lituratus with whom had a high activity overlap. Within the assemblage, the highest temporal overlap was between S. lilium and S. ludovici. Among common guilds, frugivores showed a different pattern from that of insectivores and sanguinivores. Although riparian zones mainly provide roost, food and water, they also provide protection along streams, therefore are used as a flight corridor. This is the first study that analyzes temporal use by neotropical bats of a riparian habitat using null model analysis with different time resolutions. key words: activity patterns, chiroptera, chronoecology, community structure, La Peregrina Canyon, Mexico, null models. La repartición del nicho temporal puede ser un mecanismo viable para la coexistencia de las espe- cies, pero ha sido pobremente estudiado y recibido menor atención que otros ejes (i.e. alimento y espacio). En este estudio caracterizamos y comparamos patrones de actividad y sobrelapamiento de actividad temporal en un ensamblaje de murciélagos del bosque ripario en el cañón de La Peregrina, Tamaulipas, México. Se capturaron murciélagos durante veintiuna noches utilizando redes de niebla. Las redes se abrieron antes de la puesta del sol, se cerraron 13 hr después, y se revisaron cada 30 min. Se registraron un total de 22 especies, con Sturnira lilium, Desmodus rotundus, S. ludovici, Artibeus lituratus y Pteronotus davyi, como las especies más abundantes. La actividad de D. rotundus fue diferente a la del resto de especies abundantes, con excepción de A. lituratus con quién presento el mayor sobrelapamiento de actividad. Dentro del ensamblaje, el más alto sobrelapamiento temporal fue entre S. lilium y S. ludovici. A través de gremios tróficos, los frugívoros mostraron un patrón diferente al de insectívoros y sanguinívoros. Aunque las zonas riparias proporcionan principalmente refugio, alimento y agua, también brindan protección a lo largo de arroyos, por lo tanto son utilizadas como un corredor de desplazamiento. Este es el primer estudio que analiza el uso temporal por murciélagos neotropicales de un hábitat ripario utilizado análisis de modelo nulo con diferentes resoluciones de tiempo. palabras clave: patrones de actividad, Chiroptera, cronoecología, estructura de comunidades, Cañón La Peregrina, México, modelos nulos.
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Goodson, J. M., A. M. Gurnell, P. G. Angold y I. P. Morrissey. "Riparian seed banks: structure, process and implications for riparian management". Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 25, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2001): 301–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913330102500301.
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After a brief description of the evolution of seed bank research, this review highlights the importance of the seed bank in understanding the character and dynamics of river margins. Through a discussion of published research on wetlands in general, the lack of research focused on riparian systems is highlighted. This is followed by an evaluation of current knowledge concerning the nature and dynamics of riparian seed banks and the factors that control the erosion, transport and deposition of riparian seeds. The paper concludes by (i) indicating the complexity of the interactions that control the riparian seed bank and that require understanding if the consequences of alterations in river flow regime and riparian management are to be fully understood and (ii) identifying some major research gaps relating to interactions between fluvial processes and riparian seed banks.
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Pu, Ge, Lindi J. Quackenbush y Stephen V. Stehman. "Identifying Factors That Influence Accuracy of Riparian Vegetation Classification and River Channel Delineation Mapped Using 1 m Data". Remote Sensing 13, n.º 22 (18 de noviembre de 2021): 4645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13224645.
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Riparian vegetation delineation includes both the process of delineating the riparian zone and classifying vegetation within that zone. We developed a holistic framework to assess riparian vegetation delineation that includes evaluating channel boundary delineation accuracy using a combination of pixel- and object-based metrics. We also identified how stream order, riparian zone width, riparian land use, and image shadow influenced the accuracy of delineation and classification. We tested the framework by evaluating vegetation vs. non-vegetation riparian zone maps produced by applying random forest classification to aerial photographs with a 1 m pixel size. We assessed accuracy of the riparian vegetation classification and channel boundary delineation for two rivers in the northeastern United States. Overall accuracy for the channel boundary delineation was generally above 80% for both sites, while object-based accuracy revealed that 50% of delineated channel was less than 5 m away from the reference channel. Stream order affected channel boundary delineation accuracy while land use and image shadows influenced riparian vegetation classification accuracy; riparian zone width had little impact on observed accuracy. The holistic approach to quantification of accuracy that considers both channel boundary delineation and vegetation classification developed in this study provides an important tool to inform riparian management.
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Halofsky, Jessica E. y David E. Hibbs. "Determinants of riparian fire severity in two Oregon fires, USA". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, n.º 7 (julio de 2008): 1959–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x08-048.
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We sought to understand how vegetation indicators and local topographic factors interact to influence riparian fire severity in two recent fires in Oregon, USA. A stratified random sampling design was used to select points in a range of fire severity classes, forest stand ages, and stream sizes in each fire. At each point, plots were sampled in riparian areas and adjacent uplands. Fire severity was assessed in each plot, and measurements were made of factors that have been found to influence riparian fire severity. Understory fire severity (percent exposed mineral soil and bole char height) was significantly lower in riparian areas compared with adjacent uplands in both fires, suggesting a decoupling in understory fire effects in riparian areas versus uplands. However, overstory fire severity (percent crown scorch and percent basal area mortality) was similar in riparian areas and adjacent uplands in both fires. Fire severity in riparian areas was most strongly associated with upland fire severity. In addition, vegetation indicators, particularly those describing riparian fine fuel component and species composition, were strong predictors of riparian fire severity. Consistency in factors controlling fire severity in the two fires suggests that controls on riparian fire severity may be similar in other regions.
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Luke, Stacey H., Nancy J. Luckai, Janice M. Burke y Ellie E. Prepas. "Riparian areas in the Canadian boreal forest and linkages with water quality in streams". Environmental Reviews 15, NA (diciembre de 2007): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a07-001.
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Riparian areas in the Canadian boreal forest represent the transition zone between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. We review factors that influence riparian vegetation communities and the associated interactions with boreal streams. Regional and local drivers (e.g., climate, edaphic factors, and natural disturbances) that affect upland boreal vegetation also operate in riparian areas. However, the proximity of riparian areas to the stream channel not only modifies some of these drivers, but it means that the stream itself becomes a driver of riparian vegetation dynamics. For example, hydrological disturbances like flooding and ice scour affect soil texture and alter successional pathways, sometimes completely denuding streambanks of vegetation. Even in riparian areas unaffected by such catastrophic disturbances, saturated soil conditions can influence riparian forest composition and nutrient cycling. Saturated soils support lower mineralization rates, therefore organic layers store relatively more carbon and nitrogen than adjoining upland soils, and primary productivity is generally lower. Saturated soils also have implications for the ability of the riparian area to “buffer” streams from inputs of water and nutrients. For example, reducing conditions in riparian soils could be the sites for nitrate removal from groundwater by denitrification. Spatial variation in weather, soils, vegetation cover, slope, accumulation of organic matter, geographic location, and relief undoubtedly add to the complexity of understanding the role of riparian systems in Canada’s vast boreal forest. However, the opportunity to identify patterns relating to riparian areas will assist in our understanding and management of these multifaceted systems.
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Popescu, Cristina, Mihaela Oprina-Pavelescu, Valentin Dinu, Constantin Cazacu, Francis Burdon, Marie Forio, Benjamin Kupilas et al. "Riparian Vegetation Structure Influences Terrestrial Invertebrate Communities in an Agricultural Landscape". Water 13, n.º 2 (14 de enero de 2021): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13020188.
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Stream and terrestrial ecosystems are intimately connected by riparian zones that support high biodiversity but are also vulnerable to human impacts. Landscape disturbances, overgrazing, and diffuse pollution of agrochemicals threaten riparian biodiversity and the delivery of ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. We assessed how terrestrial invertebrate communities respond to changes in riparian vegetation in Romanian agricultural catchments, with a focus on the role of forested riparian buffers. Riparian invertebrates were sampled in 10 paired sites, with each pair consisting of an unbuffered upstream reach and a downstream reach buffered with woody riparian vegetation. Our results revealed distinct invertebrate community structures in the two site types. Out of 33 invertebrate families, 13 were unique to either forested (6) or unbuffered (7) sites. Thomisidae, Clubionidae, Tetragnathidae, Curculionidae, Culicidae, and Cicadidae were associated with forested buffers, while Lycosidae, Chrysomelidae, Staphylinidae, Coccinellidae, Tettigoniidae, Formicidae, and Eutichuridae were more abundant in unbuffered sites. Despite statistically equivocal results, invertebrate diversity was generally higher in forested riparian buffers. Local riparian attributes significantly influenced patterns in invertebrate community composition. Our findings highlight the importance of local woody riparian buffers in maintaining terrestrial invertebrate diversity and their potential contribution as a multifunctional management tool in agricultural landscapes.
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Jayasuriya, Maneesha T., René H. Germain y John C. Stella. "Applying the “Goldilocks Rule” to Riparian Buffer Widths for Forested Headwater Streams across the Contiguous U.S.—How Much Is “Just Right”?" Forests 13, n.º 9 (17 de septiembre de 2022): 1509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13091509.
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Delineating riparian management zones (RMZ) around streams to protect riparian ecological functions is critical during forest management. This study compared the area dedicated to RMZ using the USFS functional-based riparian buffer approach versus individual state-defined riparian buffer allocation strategies along headwater streams across 17 states within the US. The USFS method uses a variable-width riparian buffer that seeks to capture the functions of a riparian area. Our study sought to contrast this USFS method with various state-defined RMZ guidelines. The functional approach delineated the highest percentages of the watershed area around headwater streams in most watersheds, sometimes >20% of forestland, whereas state RMZ guidelines delineated <10% of forestland around headwater streams in many watersheds. Although many state guidelines failed to identify the variable widths of functional riparian areas, some watersheds in the Great Lakes states over-allocated forestland as riparian when compared to a functional riparian delineation. The topographic and forest composition differences observed across the study area were not represented by their respective state RMZ guidelines, and these variables strongly influence the delineation of a functional RMZ.
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Salma, Marija. "Riparian water rights". Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta, Novi Sad 49, n.º 4 (2015): 1571–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrpfns49-9556.
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Goodson, J. M., A. M. Gurnell, P. G. Angold y I. P. Morrissey. "Riparian seed banks: structure, process and implications for riparian management". Progress in Physical Geography 25, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2001): 301–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/030913301680193797.
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Fonseca, André, Vera Zina, Gonçalo Duarte, Francisca C. Aguiar, Patricia María Rodríguez-González, Maria Teresa Ferreira y Maria Rosário Fernandes. "Riparian Ecological Infrastructures: Potential for Biodiversity-Related Ecosystem Services in Mediterranean Human-Dominated Landscapes". Sustainability 13, n.º 19 (22 de septiembre de 2021): 10508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910508.
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Riparian Ecological Infrastructures are networks of natural and semi-natural riparian areas located in human-dominated landscapes, crucial in supporting processes that directly or indirectly benefit humans or enhance social welfare. In this study, we developed a novel multimetric index, termed Habitat Ecological Infrastructure’s Diversity Index (HEIDI), to quantify the potential of Riparian Ecological Infrastructures in supporting biodiversity, and related ecosystem services, in three managed landscapes: Intensive Agriculture, Extensive Agriculture, and Forest Production. Metrics describing the structure, composition, and management of riparian vegetation and associated habitats were used to derive the potential of Riparian Ecological Infrastructures in supporting three distinct biological dispersal groups: short-range dispersers (ants), medium-range dispersers (pollinators), and long-range dispersers (birds, bats, and non-flying small mammals). The composition of floristic resources, assessed by identifying trees and shrubs at the species and genus level, and herbaceous plants at the family level, was used as a proxy to evaluate the potential of Riparian Ecological Infrastructures in promoting seed dispersal and pollination ecosystem services provided by the three biological communities. Our research evidenced that Riparian Ecological Infrastructures located in the Forest Production and Intensive Agriculture landscapes exhibited the highest and lowest potential for biodiversity-related ecosystem services, respectively. The Forest Production landscape revealed higher suitability of forage resources for short- and medium-range dispersers and a higher landscape coverage by Riparian Ecological Infrastructures, resulting in more potential to create ecological corridors and to provide ecosystem services. The Riparian Ecological Infrastructures located in the Extensive Agriculture landscape seemed to be particularly relevant for supporting long-ranges dispersers, despite providing less habitat for the biological communities. Land-use systems in the proximity of Riparian Ecological Infrastructures should be sustainably managed to promote riparian vegetation composition and structural quality, as well as the riparian width, safeguarding biodiversity, and the sustainable provision of biodiversity-related ecosystem services.
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Fu, B. L., Y. Li, Y. Q. Wang, E. T. Gao y D. L. Fan. "STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL STRUCTURAL INTEGRALITY AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES VALUE IN THE RIPARIAN ZONE". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W10 (8 de febrero de 2020): 839–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w10-839-2020.
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Abstract. Riparian zone is crucial to the health of streams and their surrounding environment. A healthy riparian zone can provide food, habitats, protecting water quality and many other ecological functions and environmental benefits. Evaluating riparian quality is essential to achieve and maintain good stream health, as well as to guarantee the ecological functions that riparian areas provide. In this study, we addressed the consistency of characterizing integrality of ecosystem of a riparian zone in Northeast China with physical structural integrality (PSI) and ecosystem service value (ESV), and explored the relationship between the PSI and ESV. The procedures included (1) evaluation of PSI of the riparian zone based on remote sensing; (2) calculation of the riparian ESV based on basic evaluation units (BEUs); (3) exploration of statistical relationships between the PSI and the ESV by the performance of linear regression. The study concluded that the trend of PSI was the same as the ESV, and they were consistent in describing the quantitative trend of the riparian zone’s ecosystem integrity. There was statistically significant correlation (R = 0.66, P < 0.01 level) between PSI and ESV.
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Herron, N. F. y P. B. Hairsine. "A scheme for evaluating the effectiveness of riparian zones in reducing overland flow to streams". Soil Research 36, n.º 4 (1998): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/s96098.
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Two time-independent equations are developed to assess the effectiveness of riparian zones in reducing overland flow to streams for events in which the time-scale of subsurface water redistribution exceeds that of the rainfall event. In one equation, the effectiveness of the riparian area is limited by the storage capacity of its soils, while in the other equation, the infiltration rate determines the buffer’s effectiveness. Riparian zone widths, expressed as a proportion of total hillslope length, are calculated for a number of different climate, antecedent moisture, and management scenarios for hillslopes of varying topographic convergence. A riparian zone width not exceeding 20% of total hillslope length is proposed as a practical management option in this paper. Riparian zone widths that fall within these bounds are predicted for areas where both the hillslopes and riparian areas are in good condition. Where conditions in either area are degraded, disproportionately large riparian buffer widths are predicted. The results suggest that land management initiatives need to be directed at the catchment as a whole if riparian buffers of realistic widths are to be effective.
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Sargac, Jasmina, Richard Johnson, Francis Burdon, Amélie Truchy, Geta Rîşnoveanu, Peter Goethals y Brendan McKie. "Forested Riparian Buffers Change the Taxonomic and Functional Composition of Stream Invertebrate Communities in Agricultural Catchments". Water 13, n.º 8 (9 de abril de 2021): 1028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13081028.
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Riparian zones form the interface between stream and terrestrial ecosystems and play a key role through their vegetation structure in determining stream biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and regulating human impacts, such as warming, nutrient enrichment and sedimentation. We assessed how differing riparian vegetation types influence the structural and functional composition (based on species traits) of stream invertebrate communities in agricultural catchments. We characterized riparian and stream habitat conditions and sampled stream invertebrate communities in 10 independent site pairs, each comprising one “unbuffered” reach lacking woody riparian vegetation and a second downstream reach with a woody riparian buffer. Forested riparian buffers were associated with greater shading, increased gravel content in stream substrates and faster flow velocities. We detected changes in invertebrate taxonomic composition in response to buffer presence, with an increase in sensitive Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) taxa and increases in key invertebrate species traits, including species with preference for gravel substrates and aerial active dispersal as adults. Riparian vegetation independently explained most variation in taxa composition, whereas riparian and instream habitat together explained most variation in functional composition. Our results highlight how changes in stream invertebrate trait distributions may indirectly reflect differences in riparian habitat, with implications for stream health and cross-ecosystem connectivity.
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Fonseca, André, Jean-Philippe Ugille, Adrien Michez, Patricia María Rodríguez-González, Gonçalo Duarte, Maria Teresa Ferreira y Maria Rosário Fernandes. "Assessing the Connectivity of Riparian Forests across a Gradient of Human Disturbance: The Potential of Copernicus “Riparian Zones” in Two Hydroregions". Forests 12, n.º 6 (25 de mayo de 2021): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12060674.
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The connectivity of riparian forests can be used as a proxy for the capacity of riparian zones to provide ecological functions, goods and services. In this study, we aim to test the potential of the freely available Copernicus “Riparian Zones” dataset to characterize the connectivity of riparian forests located in two European bioclimatic regions—the Mediterranean and the Central Baltic hydroregions—when subject to a gradient of human disturbance characterized by land-use/land-cover and hydromorphological pressures. We extracted riparian patches using the Copernicus “Actual Riparian Zone” (ARZ) layer and calculated connectivity using the Integral Index of Connectivity (IIC). We then compared the results with a “Manual Riparian Zone” (MRZ) layer, produced by manually digitizing riparian vegetation patches over a very high-resolution World Imagery layer. Our research evidenced reduced forest connectivity in both hydroregions, with the exception of Least Disturbed sites in the Central Baltic hydroregion. The ARZ layer exhibited overall suitability to assess the connectivity of riparian forests in the Central Baltic hydroregion, while the Mediterranean hydroregion displayed a consistent pattern of connectivity overestimation in all levels of human disturbance. To address this, we recommend some improvements in the spatial resolution and thematic accuracy of the Copernicus ARZ layer.
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Ramberg, Ellinor, Francis J. Burdon, Jasmina Sargac, Benjamin Kupilas, Geta Rîşnoveanu, Danny C. P. Lau, Richard K. Johnson y Brendan G. McKie. "The Structure of Riparian Vegetation in Agricultural Landscapes Influences Spider Communities and Aquatic-Terrestrial Linkages". Water 12, n.º 10 (14 de octubre de 2020): 2855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102855.
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Riparian habitats are important ecotones connecting aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, but are often highly degraded by human activities. Riparian buffers might help support impacted riparian communities, and improve trophic connectivity. We sampled spider communities from riparian habitats in an agricultural catchment, and analyzed their polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content to quantify trophic connectivity. Specific PUFAs are exclusively produced by stream algae, and thus are used to track uptake of aquatic resources by terrestrial consumers. Riparian spiders were collected from 10 site pairs situated along agricultural streams, and from five forest sites (25 sites total). Each agricultural site pair comprised an unshaded site with predominantly herbaceous vegetation cover, and a second with a woody riparian buffer. Spider communities differed between site types, with web-building spiders dominating woody buffered sites and free-living spiders associated with more open habitats. PUFA concentrations were greatest overall in free-living spiders, but there was also evidence for increased PUFA uptake by some spider groups when a woody riparian buffer was present. Our results reveal the different roles of open and wooded riparian habitats in supporting terrestrial consumers and aquatic-terrestrial connectivity, and highlight the value of incorporating patches of woody vegetation within riparian networks in highly modified landscapes.
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NUNES, SÂMIA S., JOS BARLOW, TOBY A. GARDNER, JOÃO V. SIQUEIRA, MÁRCIO R. SALES y CARLOS M. SOUZA. "A 22 year assessment of deforestation and restoration in riparian forests in the eastern Brazilian Amazon". Environmental Conservation 42, n.º 3 (4 de noviembre de 2014): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892914000356.
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SUMMARYBrazilian environmental law imposes more restrictions on land-use change by private landowners in riparian forests than in non-riparian forest areas, reflecting recognition of their importance for the conservation of biodiversity and key ecosystem services. A 22-year time series of classified Landsat images was used to evaluate deforestation and forest regeneration in riparian permanent preservation areas over the past two decades, focusing on the municipality of Paragominas in the state of Pará in eastern Amazonia. There was no evidence that riparian forests had been more effectively protected than non-riparian forests. Instead, deforestation was found to be comparatively higher inside riparian permanent preservation areas as recently as 2010, indicating a widespread failure of private property owners to comply with environmental legislation. There was no evidence for higher levels of regeneration in riparian zones, although property owners are obliged by law to restore such areas. A number of factors limit improvements in the protection and restoration of riparian forests. These include limited awareness of environmental compliance requirements, the need for improved technical capacity in mapping the distribution and extent of riparian forests and the boundaries of private properties, and improved access to the financial resources and technical capacity needed to support restoration projects.
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Hoover, Trent M., Xavier Pinto y John S. Richardson. "Riparian canopy type, management history, and successional stage control fluxes of plant litter to streams". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41, n.º 7 (julio de 2011): 1394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x11-067.
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The food webs of forest stream ecosystems are based primarily on cross-boundary flows of terrestrial plant litter (PL). As such, changes in the composition of riparian forest canopies can alter flows of PL, affecting the ecosystem functioning of adjacent streams. We measured seasonal changes in PL fluxes to 20 small streams flowing through temperate rain forests in southwestern British Columbia to determine how riparian forest type and riparian management history influence resource availability in these systems. Differences in PL fluxes among the four riparian forest types studied were most pronounced in the summer, when PL fluxes from clearcuts < riparian reserve strips and coniferous forests, and PL fluxes from deciduous-dominated forests < riparian reserve strips. PL fluxes also varied among seasons (spring < summer < autumn). Fluxes were similar in riparian reserve strips and coniferous forests of similar age, indicating that reserve strips maintain this crucial ecosystem process. Clearcutting of riparian forests dramatically increased light availability while reducing leaf litter inputs; these effects, however, lasted only a few years. As riparian forest stand age increased, inputs shifted from broadleaf to coniferous inputs, indicating a possible long-term decrease in the lability of the leaf litter resources available to stream consumers.
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Yirigui, Lee y Nejadhashemi. "Multi-Scale Assessment of Relationships between Fragmentation of Riparian Forests and Biological Conditions in Streams". Sustainability 11, n.º 18 (16 de septiembre de 2019): 5060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11185060.
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Due to anthropogenic activities within watersheds and riparian areas, stream water quality and ecological communities have been significantly affected by degradation of watershed and stream environments. One critical indicator of anthropogenic activities within watersheds and riparian areas is forest fragmentation, which has been directly linked to poor water quality and ecosystem health in streams. However, the true nature of the relationship between forest fragmentation and stream ecosystem health has not been fully elucidated due to its complex underlying mechanism. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of riparian fragmented forest with biological indicators including diatoms, macroinvertebrates, and fish. In addition, we investigated variations in these relationships over multiple riparian scales. Fragmentation metrics, including the number of forest patches (NP), proportion of riparian forest (PLAND), largest riparian forest patch ratio (LPI), and spatial proximity of riparian forest patches (DIVISION), were used to quantify the degree of fragmentation of riparian forests, and the trophic diatom index (TDI), benthic macroinvertebrates index (BMI), and fish assessment index (FAI) were used to represent the biological condition of diatoms, macroinvertebrates, and fish in streams. PLAND and LPI showed positive relationships with TDI, BMI, and FAI, whereas NP and DIVISION were negatively associated with biological indicators at multiple scales. Biological conditions in streams were clearly better when riparian forests were less fragmented. The relationships of NP and PLAND with biological indicators were stronger at a larger riparian scale, whereas relationships of LPI and DIVISION with biological indicators were weaker at a large scale. These results suggest that a much larger spatial range of riparian forests should be considered in forest management and restoration to enhance the biological condition of streams.
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Oluwatuyi, Ayomide David, Aderemi Adediji y Ajayi Adeola. "EVALUATION OF HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN RIVER OMINLA RIPARIAN CORRIDOR IN ORE TOWNSHIP, ONDO STATE, SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA". Scholedge International Journal of Management & Development ISSN 2394-3378 4, n.º 1 (4 de junio de 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19085/journal.sijmd040101.
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The study was aim to assess the condition resulted from riparian encroachment in the study area with a view to provide a baseline information for urban and surface water sustainable development. Primary and secondary data were employed. Primary data involved field survey using questionnaire in which 245 copies were administered to the selected riparian residents to evaluate their perception and experience on human effects on riparian vegetation, water body and resultant problems. Secondary data involved an existing relevant data. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The survey results showed that urban growth had resulted to loss of farmland/garden (73.9%), riparian natural forest (86.1%), medicinal tree/herbs and shrub (77.1%), and useful timbers (62.8%). Riparian deforestation had also resulted to high sedimentation of the river basin (77.6%), increased river seasonal volume (76.7%),enhanced access of solid particles/materials into the river (76.7%), loss of riparian animals (82.9%), pollution of the river (75.5%) riparian flooding (75.9%) that subsequently resulted to loss of lives and properties (84.1%) and loss of valuable plant (95.9%).Therefore, the study concluded that there is significant negative effects of anthropogenic activities on River Ominla Riparian corridor and that this requires urgent attention.
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Fernández, Romina Daiana, Sergio Javier Ceballos, Ana Lucía González Achem, Margarita del Valle Hidalgo y Hugo Rafael Fernández. "Quality and Conservation of Riparian Forest in a Mountain Subtropical Basin of Argentina". International Journal of Ecology 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4842165.
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The aims of this work were to describe the conservation status of riparian forests located in a mountain subtropical basin of Tucumán province, Argentina, and assess how the quality of riparian forests is related with altitude, plant species richness, proportion of exotic species, and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in adjacent rivers. Composition and species richness of riparian forests were studied at 16 sites located along an altitudinal gradient and TSS was determined from water samples collected in each site. In order to evaluate conservation status of riparian forests, we calculated an index of Quality of Yungas Riparian Forests (QBRy). We recorded 90 plant species at all sites, from which 77% were native. QBRy index was mainly associated with altitude and varied from riparian forests with good preservation or slightly disturbed to those with extreme degradation. At lower altitude, forests were more disturbed, more invaded by exotic plant species, and closer to urban and cropped areas. QBRy was not correlated with species richness or TSS. Like other riparian forests of Argentina, plant species invasion increased their degradation; therefore, future studies should focus on native riparian forests conservation and on the management of invasive plant species, which affect their quality.
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Holmes, Kathryn L., P. Charles Goebel y Arthur E. L. Morris. "Characteristics of downed wood across headwater riparian ecotones: integrating the stream with the riparian area". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40, n.º 8 (agosto de 2010): 1604–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x10-106.
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Although downed wood is a significant structural component of riparian ecotones, most studies of downed wood dynamics are conducted only within the stream bankfull channel or on the riparian forest floor. We examined downed wood structural characteristics (e.g., length, volume, and decay class) across the entire riparian ecotone of seven headwater streams in mature deciduous forests of northeastern Ohio to understand the structural relationships between downed wood and riparian ecotones. Sampling was stratified by hydrogeomorphic zones that were defined by lateral position within the riparian ecotone and correspond to differing fluvial geomorphology. Most downed wood pieces sampled were small (<1 m) and with a high decay class. Downed wood pieces within the baseflow zone (within the wetted channel) were smaller and more abundant than those within the transitional zone (within the bankfull channel excluding the wetted channel). Surface contact was inversely related to aquatic influence across the riparian ecotone, with downed wood in Zone 3 (riparian area beyond the bankfull channel) having significantly higher contact than wood within the other zones. The ecotonal approach and the incorporation of hydrogeomorphic influences is an alternative approach that moves beyond traditional approaches to more holistic management of riparian forests.
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Mosley, Erin, Stephen B. Holmes y Erica Nol. "Songbird diversity and movement in upland and riparian habitats in the boreal mixedwood forest of northeastern Ontario". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 2006): 1149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-010.
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Little is known about the importance of riparian areas in supporting avifaunal diversity in the boreal mixedwood forest, especially outside of the breeding season. Bird populations were sampled by mist netting 18 upland and 18 riparian sites along six streams in a forested region of northeastern Ontario. Riparian sites generally had more variable vegetation than upland sites. Some riparian sites formed distinctive habitats, while others were structurally and compositionally similar to upland sites. During spring and fall migration, there was no significant difference in bird abundance or species richness between riparian and upland habitats. During the breeding period, riparian areas had greater avian species richness and abundance and more insects than upland forests, suggesting that birds were selecting these habitats because they contain more food. More birds were captured in nets placed perpendicular to the stream than parallel during the breeding and fall migration periods, suggesting that riparian areas may function as movement corridors. A greater understanding of the importance of riparian habitats to songbird communities is needed if we are to maximize the effectiveness of these regions for conserving avian biodiversity in the boreal mixedwood forest.
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Ferreira, Anderson, José Eurico Possebon Cyrino, Paulo José Duarte-Neto y Luiz Antonio Martinelli. "Permeability of riparian forest strips in agricultural, small subtropical watersheds in south-eastern Brazil". Marine and Freshwater Research 63, n.º 12 (2012): 1272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf12092.
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If riparian buffer zones are ineffective in preventing C4 plant carbon from upland areas reaching the stream sediment, the composition of stream fauna can be significantly altered. The permeability of riparian forest strips in agricultural, small subtropical watersheds in south-eastern Brazil was measured in nine watersheds categorised according to the predominant land cover of the legally required 30-m buffer riparian zone. Four watersheds with well preserved riparian forest along the 30-m buffer zone were designated as FOREST watersheds; three watersheds, with a predominance of C4 grasses from sugarcane to pasture, mixed with preserved riparian forests, were designated MIXED watersheds; and two watersheds were termed PASTURE-SUGAR because their entire 30-m buffer zone was covered by C4 plants. Stable carbon (δ13C) isotopes were used as tracers of upland C4 carbon in sediments, suspended particulate organic carbon, terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates and two species of neotropical fish. Although the intact 30-m buffer zone of riparian forests did not entirely prevent the input of C4 to the river environment and food web, there was a significant increase in C4 carbon in those watersheds where the buffer zone was not covered by riparian forests. These findings emphasise the importance of riparian forests in mitigating disturbance in streams and support efforts to preserve such riparian corridors.
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AGUIAR, FRANCISCA C. y MARIA TERESA FERREIRA. "Human-disturbed landscapes: effects on composition and integrity of riparian woody vegetation in the Tagus River basin, Portugal". Environmental Conservation 32, n.º 1 (marzo de 2005): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892905001992.
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Human activities within fluvial corridors and surrounding landscapes have persistently stressed riparian ecosystems, particularly in Iberian Mediterranean-type streams. The impact of human disturbance relative to natural environmental factors in shaping riparian vegetation is still poorly understood. Both regional variables (such as altitude and precipitation), and site-specific characteristics (such as substrate and riverbank modifications) were analysed as potential determinants of riparian vegetation patterning to determine the relative influences of the diverse land-use types and environmental factors on the composition (including floristic species richness and percentage cover of trees, shrubs and woody climbers) and integrity (width of riparian woods and patterns of longitudinal continuity) of riparian woods in eight river basins of the Tagus fluvial system (Portugal). There was patchy establishment of riparian woods, with generally low average width and low species richness, as well as significant inter-basin differences and upstream-downstream variations in riparian features. Species distribution was clearly determined by environmental factors, such as human disturbance on the riverbanks and geological background, and the environmental variables and the land use in the river valley partially explained the integrity of riparian woody vegetation. The results highlight the predictive capability of reach-level features; it appears that, linked with the geomorphological and climate context, small-scale human disturbances on riparian corridors play a major role in explaining the remaining biological variability.
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Latsiou, Anna, Theodora Kouvarda, Konstantinos Stefanidis, George Papaioannou, Konstantinos Gritzalis y Elias Dimitriou. "Pressures and Status of the Riparian Vegetation in Greek Rivers: Overview and Preliminary Assessment". Hydrology 8, n.º 1 (23 de marzo de 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8010055.
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Riparian zones play an important role in the ecological stability of rivers. In particular, the quality of the riparian vegetation is a significant component of the hydromorphological status. In Europe, the QBR index (Qualitat del Bosc de Ribera) and the River Habitat Survey (RHS) are commonly used for the qualitative assessment of the riparian vegetation. In this study, we estimated the QBR index and the Riparian Quality index, which is derived from the RHS method, for 123 river reaches of the National Monitoring Network of Greece. Our field work included the completion of RHS and QBR protocols, as well as the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The aim of this study is to assess the riparian vegetation status and to identify linkages with the dominant land uses within the catchment. Correlation analysis was used to identify the relationships between hydromorphological alterations and the degradation of the riparian vegetation, as well as their connection to land uses in the catchment area. Our results highlighted severe modifications of the riparian vegetation for the majority of the studied reaches. We also showed a differentiation of the QBR with respect to changes in the altitude and the land uses in the catchment area. Overall QBR reflects the variation in the riparian vegetation quality better than RQI. Our findings constitute an assessment of the status of the riparian zones in Greek rivers and set the basis for further research for the development of new and effective tools for a rapid quality assessment of the riparian zones.
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Ikhsan, Jazaul y Krisna Bagus Anjasmara. "KAJIAN INFRASTRUKTUR DAN SEMPADAN SUNGAI PADA WILAYAH RAWAN BANJIR LAHAR DI SUNGAI PROGO HILIR". Jurnal Teknik Sipil 15, n.º 2 (1 de octubre de 2020): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/jts.v15i2.3715.
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Progo River is one of the rivers that originated in Merapi Mountain. It is one of the active volcanoes, and if it erupted, so it resulted in an abundant material or sediment. The material from its eruption transported by water discharge will become a debris flow, that it gave damage and losses on infrastructure and inhabitants living around riparian areas. Based on the background, therefore, it is essential to do a research-related infrastructure and population in a riparian zone. The research objective is to study the accordance of the condition of the riparian zone of downstream Progo River based on the established rules. The method used was a field survey assissted by the application of Survey123 for ArcGIS. The data processing used ArcGIS software. The research result shows that some locations are not by the established rules on riparian areas. One of the most significant places having the highest settlement percentage included in riparian areas is Jatisarono Village Nanggulan Subdistrict, with the area of settlement of 0.1224 km square and 44.07% for the riparian zone with 50 m width and 0.1766 km square while 21.16% for the riparian zone with 100 m width. Jatisarono village also becomes the village with the highest approximate population number within the riparian zones with 135 people in the riparian zone with 50 m width and 195 people the riparian zone with 100 m width. From the field survey result, it finds that 13 rivers infrastructures along the downstream Progo River consisting of 10 bridges, two dams, and one groundsill (sample) are still in reasonable good condition.
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Lawson, Tina, Miriam Goosem y David Gillieson. "Rapid assessment of habitat quality in riparian rainforest vegetation". Pacific Conservation Biology 14, n.º 1 (2008): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc080020.
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GIS and aerial photographic techniques were applied to assessing riparian vegetation quality in an agricultural landscape formerly covered in lowland rainforest. Canopy cover and width of woody riparian vegetation, both easily determined from remotely sensed data, were investigated as indicators of riparian quality. High correlations between field measurements of canopy cover and width of woody riparian vegetation with several other vegetation attributes indicative of vegetation quality (weed abundance, debris, human disturbance, native species richness) demonstrated that these two habitat attributes were suitable field vegetation quality surrogates. Desktop quality analysis combined GIS measurement of riparian width with aerial photographic analysis of canopy cover. Desktop quality equalled field quality in 78% of cases, with a further 13% showing errors due to clearing or thickening of vegetation after aerial photographs were taken. Bird communities in higher vegetation quality areas comprised mainly rainforest-dependent species, whereas poor quality areas mostly supported birds of open habitats. Bird community diversity and rainforest-dependent bird diversity increased significantly both with increasing levels of canopy cover and greater riparian width, but a combination of these factors explained more variance than each factor separately. Desktop riparian vegetation quality therefore proved a satisfactory indicator of habitat quality for birds in rainforest riparian zones. This quick and efficient desktop method of riparian habitat quality assessment can determine conservation values of rainforest riparian areas with minimal field validation, thereby allowing more effective targeting of appropriate management practices, identification of areas of conservation concern and prioritisation of revegetation and rehabilitation efforts.
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Bernal, S., A. Lupon, M. Ribot, F. Sabater y E. Martí. "Riparian and in-stream controls on nutrient concentrations along a headwater forested stream". Biogeosciences Discussions 11, n.º 7 (29 de julio de 2014): 11597–634. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-11597-2014.
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Abstract. Headwater streams have a strong capacity to transform and retain nutrients, and thus, a longitudinal decrease in stream nutrient concentrations would be expected from in-stream nutrient removal alone. Yet, a number of other factors within the catchment, including biogeochemical processing within the riparian zone and export to streams, can contribute to stream nutrient concentration, which may overcome the effect of in-stream biogeochemical processing. To explore this idea, we analyzed the longitudinal patterns of stream and riparian groundwater concentrations for chloride (Cl−), nitrate (NO3−), ammonium (NH4&plus;), and phosphate (PO43−) along a 3.7 km reach at an annual scale. The reach showed a gradual increase in stream and riparian width, riparian tree basal area, and abundance of riparian N2-fixing tree species. Concentrations of Cl− indicated a~strong hydrological connection at the riparian-stream edge. However, stream and riparian groundwater nutrient concentrations showed a moderate to null correlation, suggesting high biogeochemical processing at the riparian-stream edge and within the stream. A mass balance approach along the reach indicated that, on average, in-stream net nutrient uptake prevailed over release for NH4&plus; and PO43−, but not for NO3−. On an annual basis, in-stream processes contributed to change stream input fluxes by 11%, 26%, and 29% for NO3−, NH4&plus;, and PO43−, respectively. Yet, longitudinal trends in concentration were not consistent with the prevailing in-stream biogeochem ical processes. During the riparian dormant period, stream concentration decreased along the reach for NO3−, but increased for NH4&plus; and PO43−. During the riparian vegetative period, NO3− and PO43− increased along the reach while NH4&plus; showed no clear pattern. These longitudinal trends were partially related to riparian forest features and groundwater inputs, especially for NO3− and PO43−. Our study suggests that even though in-stream biogeochemical processing was substantial, the riparian zone can modulate the longitudinal variation in stream nutrient chemistry in this headwater stream.