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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Résistance aux fongicides – Viticulture"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Résistance aux fongicides – Viticulture"
Leroux, P. y M. Gredt. "Étude in vitro de la résistance de Botrytis cinerea aux fongicides anilinopyrimidines". Agronomie 15, n.º 6 (1995): 367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/agro:19950604.
Texto completo"Conclusions du Symposium OEPP sur la résistance aux fongicides, Bruxelles, 8-9 novembre 1984". EPPO Bulletin 15, n.º 3 (septiembre de 1985): 331–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.1985.tb00236.x.
Texto completoMazzei, João Roberto Fortes, Estevão Freire, Eduardo Gonçalves Serra, José Ronaldo de Macedo, Angélica Castanheira de Oliveira, Lucia Helena Pinto Bastos y Maria Helena Wohlers Morelli Cardoso. "Recherche sur le terrain: Une analyse comparative entre les méthodes conventionnelles, biologiques et durables de production de tomates". Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento, 16 de febrero de 2021, 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/ingenierie-de-lenvironnement-fr/production-de-tomates.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Résistance aux fongicides – Viticulture"
Amarouchi, Zakaria. "Impact du réchauffement climatique sur l’interaction vigne/micro-organismes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REIMS055.
Texto completoThe gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea has a devastating impact on various economically important crops, including grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), with annual economic losses exceeding10 to 100 billion dollars worldwide. Currently, pesticides remain the main method used to reduce the incidence of this phytopathogenic fungus. However, in addition to emergence of multidrug resistance, chemicals must be increasingly restricted in order to limit their impact on the environment and human health. Thus, in recent years, biological protection is gaining renewed interest. Therefore, the aim of our project is the development of new biotechnologies allowing the grapevine to better resist pathogenic pressures, through the use of beneficial microorganisms. The rhizosphere is a rich source of microorganisms with strong abilities in the biocontrol of plant diseases. In the present study, isolation of plant beneficial microorganisms was carried out on healthy plants. A total of 42 micro-organisms were isolated from different rhizospheric semi-arid soils collected in vineyards of Meknes in Morocco (Latitude 33.75989, Longitude -5.43909). The in vitro antagonism test of the various isolates towards B. cinerea evealed that among all the isolates tested the strains S3, S4, S5 and S6 showed a positive result. These isolates inhibit the growth of B. cinerea. The four strains were identified by the study of biochemical characters and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The results of the analyzes showed that the bacterial strains retained were related to the following species, of the Bacillus genus: S3: B. velezensis; S4: B. velezensis; and S5: B. halotollerans. Isolate S6 was classified in the genus Enterobacter and identified as E. cloacae. The antagonism test carried out in planta on vine vitroplants indicates that the four rhizobacteria reduce significantly (59%, 39%, 55%, and 17%, respectively), the symptoms of the disease and reduce damage to photosynthetic activity (PSII) due to attack by B. cinerea. This study revealed that strains of the genus Bacillus and Enterobacter isolated from the rhizosphere of the vine could be used as biological control agents in the protection of the vine
Girond, Sylvie. "Influence de quelques pesticides sur les levures oenologiques : étude du mécanisme de résistance vis à vis du mancozébe". Toulouse, INPT, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPT018A.
Texto completoStiévenard, Catherine. "Reproduction sexuée d'Uncinula necator (schw. ) Burr. , agent de l'oïd͏ium de la vigne : maîtrise in vitro et rôle dans la résistance aux fongicides inhibiteurs de la biosynthèse des stérols". Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR20569.
Texto completoPeyron, Florence. "Contribution à l'étude de la résistance à l'amphotéricine B chez Candida lusitaniae". Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2002AIX20658.pdf.
Texto completoWalker, Anne-Sophie. "Diversité et adaptation aux fongicides des populations de Botrytis cinerea, agent de la pourriture grise". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00852740.
Texto completoSteva, Hervé. "Résistance de l'oi͏̈dium de la vigne (uncinula necator (Schw. ) Burr. ) aux fongicides inhibiteurs de la biosynthèse des stérols". Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR28177.
Texto completoAkallal, Rachida. "Résistance de Fusarium solani F. SP. PISI à des fongicides inhibant la C-14 déméthylation des stérols". Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112026.
Texto completoWalker, Anne-sophie. "Diversité et adaptation aux fongicides des populations de Botrytis cinerea, agent de la pourriture grise". Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112067/document.
Texto completoNatural selection is the most powerful force driving population adaptation to their environment, favoring the variants with the best fitness. Fungi generally exhibit biological traits (diversity of reproduction modes, large population sizes, and intense dispersion) that favor their adaptation to changing environments. Therefore, disentangling the mechanisms that explain their evolution under natural and anthropic constraints constitute a major challenge for plant protection, especially in the actual context of agriculture sustainability. In this thesis, we described Botrytis cinerea population structure and diversity, using neutral and selected markers and a hierarchical sampling, and proposed mechanisms that may explain these observations. We then analyzed the adaptive answer of this species towards fungicide applications. First, we showed that grey mold populations were caused by a complex of two cryptic species, living sympatrically on the same hosts. Second, B. cinerea populations are divided into five demes, according to the cropping system (directional selection), the host-plant (ecological adaptation), and to a lesser extent, by geography. On grapevine, we identified a specific populations exhibiting temporal isolation, as an evidence of extreme exploration of the viticultural conditions. Moreover, fungicide applications select resistance towards all unisite modes of action, with few exceptions, but at varying proportions according to vineyards and fungicide use. More specifically, resistance to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) is caused by at least seven mutations altering the target genes of these fungicides, and determines a large variety of phenotypes in the field. At last, we showed that fungicides did not shape population structure but that they could decrease allele richness in treated areas and lead to migration-selection equilibrium, detectable in some situation and for loci under contemporary selective pressures as clines. Modeling the evolution of resistance during winter allowed estimating fitness cost of four loci involved in contemporary fungicide resistance, such as multidrug resistance. As a conclusion, this thesis helped to understand how B. cinerea populations evolve and to detect and quantify selective mechanisms at work in natura. This information will be useful to deign sustainable and locally-adapted anti-resistance strategies
Sauvage, Hélène. "Détection et quantification d'Aphanomyces euteiches dans les parcelles agricoles pour la prévention des risques phytosanitaires". Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUES080.
Texto completoFrançois, Fabienne y Jean-Louis Benoit-Guyod. "Développement d'outils génétiques et moléculaires pour l'étude des résistances aux antifongiques chez Candida lusitaniae : caractérisation d'une résistance croisée 5-fluorocytosine/fluconazole". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE18007.
Texto completoThe increase of candidiasis in immunodefficient patients generates antifungal resistance problems among Candida species. We worked in this field with C. Lusitaniae, an opportunistic and pathogenic yeast known as easily developing resistance, and furthermore an avantageous haploid organism with a sexual cycle. Before its use as a model, the development of genetic and molecular tools was necessary. We first have determined the environmental conditions to trigger and complete the sexual cycle of all isolates in a collection of 76 clinical specimens. This led us to develop a method for isolating ascospores in order to perform genetic analysis and to propose an alternative identification test relying upon sexual reproductive ability. Using an amplification strategy combined to a chromosome walking, we have then cloned and sequenced the C. Lusitaniae URA3 gene, encoding orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase, to use it as a selectable marker in a specific tranformation system. C. Lusitaniae ura3 mutants were succesfully electrotransformed with an efficiency comparable to that observed in C. Albicans. Finally, in the course of the study of C. Lusitaniae clinical isolates 5-fluorocytosine (5FC)-resistant and fluconazole (FCZ)-susceptible, we provided evidence and characterized an original cross-resistance phenotype appearing when 5FC / FCZ were used in association. According to genetic analysis, only the 5FC resistant gene would control this phenotype. Kinetic transport studies with [14C]5FC showed a defect of 5FC uptake related to a deficiency of the purine-cytosine permease, encoded by the FCY2 gene. Cross resistance could be the result of a competitive inhibition of FCZ uptake transport by extracellular 5FC. This hypothesis supports the occurrence of a FCZ uptake transporter, which has never been suggested thus far, and provides information on a new possible mechanism of resistance to FCZ, associated to an uptake deficiency of this drug, which can affect all species of the Candida genus