Tesis sobre el tema "Réseaux de production mondiaux"
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Sylvanus, Nina. "Des fils enchevêtrés : Les commerçantes togolaises dans les réseaux mondiaux du textile". Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0241.
Texto completoThis thesis seeks to analyse the changing nature of trade in Togo by addressing three variables : a trade network, a commodity and a group of female entrepreneurs. To address the economical and political deterioration of contemporary Togo - a period notably characterized by the reorganization of those three elements - it is necessary to consider the seemingly resulting "disorder" in terms of a set of entangled continuities and discontinuities. The dissertation seeks to provide a critical geography of the spatial connections at work, which women traders have established from the central market in Lomé on a local, regional and international level so as to move beyond the oscillations of the economic situation. By reassessing the formation and evolution of textiles networks, the supply chain, and female entrepreneurial culture, this study attempts to explore the global interconnectivity and processes through the lens of global filters. Rather than to consider the reorganization of the global economy and its consequences on Togolese trading spaces as resulting from the process of "late modernity", this thesis seeks to explore the multiples shifts that are at work in the process of recomposition
Toure, Oumar. "La production de biens collectifs internationaux et mondiaux par les institutions financières internationales". Lyon 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2006/toure_o.
Texto completoGlobal environmental pollution, propagation of certain infectious diseases, international financial crises, and so on constitute as many global problems which resolution can be assimilated to the provision of international and global collective goods (IGCG), because of the globality of its advantages. This study aims to evaluate Stiglitz's (1998a) proposal of entrusting this task to the international financial institutions, amid the absence of a world government and following the failure of international cooperation. Using the global governance approach, we prove the limits of this proposal and show that the participation of all actors in the international collective action, which determines the optimal provision of IGCG, is necessary. We carry out an empirical study outlining the role of the IMF and the World Bank, respectively in ensuring international financial stability and fighting against international poverty, and show that the disappointments in the actions of these IFIs are explained largely by the absence of real engagement of the states and by the sovereignty matter. We prove that the efficiency of the international financial system and the eradication of international poverty depend on the regulation of globalization. In this global process, the political strength of the states is decisive; the role of the IFI consists of being used as a comprehensive framework of cooperation, where collective engagement in favour of the provision of those goods is concretized; and the civil society actors' participation results in their stimulating actions in favour of the provision of IGCG
Toure, Oumar Goux Jean-François. "La production de biens collectifs internationaux et mondiaux par les institutions financières internationales". Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2006. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2006/toure_o.
Texto completoGuedidi, Insaf. "Global value chains and deep trade agreements". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA01E026.
Texto completoIn recent years, the phenomenon of producing “Made in the World” goods has increased dramatically, leading to a progressive economic transformation of the way we understand production processes (Antràs 2020). The present thesis considers a variety of research questions: Do maritime connectivity and border procedures affect the same way trade in final goods and trade in intermediate inputs? How important it is to adopt internet to Global Value Chains (GVCs) participation? What is the impact of the Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) on international trade and, specifically, on GVC trade? How does GVC participation affect air pollution and what is the importance of environmental provisions in trade agreements when analyzing the environmental implications of GVCs? This thesis aims to define and analyze two drivers (in chapter 2) and two consequences (in chapters 3 and 4) of participation in GVCs. Chapter 2 examines the effect of trade facilitation on trade, more particularly on Global Production Networks (GPNs). It shows that maritime connectivity matters for trade under GPNs. In particular, exporting intermediate goods is highly encouraged by more efficient maritime routes which connect various participants of GPNs. Furthermore, shipping goods without delays, low costs, and simpler procedures are key elements of participation in GPNs. In addition, Chapter 2 analyses the impact of the internet on GVCs in Africa. It investigates the effect of internet adoption on forward participation and backward participation in GVCs at the country level and the firm level. Results show that internet use and internet infrastructure are important for Africa in terms of forward GVC participation. The chapter argues that African countries and firms need to improve internet infrastructure to make the best of integration into GVCs. High integration levels in GVCs can change the way we interpret REER response on gross exports and GVC trade in Tunisia. Thus, chapter 3 shows the importance of calculating a new measure of REER based on the sectoral value-added terms to account for the rising importance of GVCs. Results show that REER effects on GVC trade differ from its impact on traditional trade. It is found that foreign value-added (FVA) share in gross exports dampens the response of REER to exports. Moreover, accounting for sectoral heterogeneity is important to determine trade competitiveness because Tunisian sectors take part in GVCs at different levels. Chapter 4 focuses on the relationship between air pollutant emissions, environmental provisions in Regional Trade Agreements, and GVCs. Examining the effects of participation in GVCs on environmental quality, chapter 4 found an inverted U-shaped relation between the level of participation in GVCs and air pollutant emissions. The chapter proves that signing more trade agreements with environmental laws reduces pollution. However, including environmental provisions in trade agreements does not guarantee environmental quality in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region
Caire, Raphaël. "Gestion de la production décentralisée dans les réseaux de distribution". Grenoble INPG, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPG0084.
Texto completoDeregulations of the energy market, followed by many privatizations, and vertical disintegrations brought a complete reorganization of the electric sector. The opening of the energy markets as well as the technological developments of the means of production of small and average power strongly encourage this evolution. A systematic methodology to study the transmission of impacts between the Low and Medium Voltage is initially proposed, after a quick state of the art of the various possible impacts. The voltage deviattion is then identified as the most critical impact. This criticality is supported by quantitative studies on French typical networks, and is confirmed by the related literature. In order to solve this impact, a research of the means of action within tension of the distribution network and their modeling is carried out. As the manipulated variables of the means of adjustment available are discrete or continuous, specific tools are then developed to coordinate them. This coordination is pressed on optimization algorithms developed by holding account of inherent specificity with the manipulated variables. A methodology for the choice or optimal location of the adjustment means associated with a management of the voltage deviation is presented. Lastly, "decentralized" strategies of coordination for the means of adjustment and a proposal for a experimental validation are presented, thanks to a real time simulator, making it possible to test the strategies of coordination and the necessary means of communication
Claeys, Gérald. "Modélisation de la production indépendante dans les réseaux de distribution". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0054.
Texto completoPower Systems are under going profond changes both in structure and opérations. Thèse changes are due to the restructring of the power industry almost ail over the wold. In this context, the development of the small power génération that can be connected to the distribution level has been one of the important and major aspect of thèse changes. This type of génération is designated under the name of "Embedded génération" or "Dispersed génération". However, distribution networks were not designed to operate with large number of generating units. Hence, the insertion of this génération will hâve an impact on the control and the opérations of thèse distribution networks. In order to study this impact, it is necessary to hâve models that can represent the behavior of the various groups likely to be connected on this network. In this thesis, we hâve developed an original model for a turbocharger Diesel engine. This model is of the type "mean torque". Its structure is modular. Each module represents a functionality of the engine. The fundamental approach consists of taking into account only dynamic mechanics of the engine ; the various thermodynamic variables being given in progress simulation by a quasi-static method. Simulation tests hâve been performed on a real distribution network (55 nodes). The results hâve showed the efficiency of the developed model
Claeys, Gérald. "Modélisation de la production indépendante dans les réseaux de distribution". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00597652.
Texto completoSouliotou, Anastasia Zoé. "Art en réseaux : la structure des réseaux comme une nouvelle matrice pour la production des œuvres artistiques". Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080121.
Texto completoThis thesis examines and shows ways in which the structure of networks can provide a new matrix for the production of artworks. In order to answer this question we start by studying: the evolution of the term ‘network’ from the ancient times up to nowadays; the theories that refer to network structure or network dynamics. Then we present the applications of these theories into both art and science. We list and analyze eight different types of networks and then we feature artworks which have been inspired by these network types or have used the network structure of a certain type as a matrix for art making. We propose the Imaginary Lines project, a three-dimensional network model which is based on the concept of a metro composed of imaginary lines. More precisely Imaginary Lines metro network encompasses seven paradoxical lines which move, (dis)appear and produce supplementary infrastructure. The Imaginary Lines metro unveils the importance of geography and spatiality, in contrast with topological network graphic representations, which remain insufficient, in terms of utmost accuracy in representation and comprehension of network structure. Additionally, the Imaginary Lines network innovation lays in its infrastructure dynamics as well as in its self-organisation. The objective of the Imaginary Lines artistic project is to visualise a concept by creating an unusual metro, which goes beyond traditional fixed-route transport networks and can support alternative forms of urban transport development
Souliotou, Anastasia Zoé. "Art en réseaux : la structure des réseaux comme une nouvelle matrice pour la production des œuvres artistiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080121.
Texto completoThis thesis examines and shows ways in which the structure of networks can provide a new matrix for the production of artworks. In order to answer this question we start by studying: the evolution of the term ‘network’ from the ancient times up to nowadays; the theories that refer to network structure or network dynamics. Then we present the applications of these theories into both art and science. We list and analyze eight different types of networks and then we feature artworks which have been inspired by these network types or have used the network structure of a certain type as a matrix for art making. We propose the Imaginary Lines project, a three-dimensional network model which is based on the concept of a metro composed of imaginary lines. More precisely Imaginary Lines metro network encompasses seven paradoxical lines which move, (dis)appear and produce supplementary infrastructure. The Imaginary Lines metro unveils the importance of geography and spatiality, in contrast with topological network graphic representations, which remain insufficient, in terms of utmost accuracy in representation and comprehension of network structure. Additionally, the Imaginary Lines network innovation lays in its infrastructure dynamics as well as in its self-organisation. The objective of the Imaginary Lines artistic project is to visualise a concept by creating an unusual metro, which goes beyond traditional fixed-route transport networks and can support alternative forms of urban transport development
Hennequin, Sophie. "Multi-modèle flou pour la commande des systèmes de production". Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA2020.
Texto completoReymann, Anne-Cécile. "Dynamique des réseaux d'actine d'architecture contrôlée". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00686015.
Texto completoHamichi, Samir. "Modélisation de réseaux de production avec les systèmes multi-agents adaptatifs". Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066630.
Texto completoTomar, Shekhar. "Three Essays in Trade and Production Networks". Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU10005/document.
Texto completoLaftit, Saïd. "Graphes d'évènements déterministes et stochastiques : application aux systèmes de production". Paris 9, 1991. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1991PA090031.
Texto completoHillion, Hervé P. "Modélisation et analyse des systèmes de production discrets par les réseaux de Petri temporisés". Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066243.
Texto completoMegdiche, Malik. "Sûreté de fonctionnement des réseaux de distribution en présence de production décentralisée". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00393077.
Texto completoRuiz, gomez Lina maria. "Intégration de la production éolienne aux réseaux électriques : approches techniques et économiques". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844387.
Texto completoRuiz, Gomez Lina Maria. "Intégration de la production éolienne aux réseaux électriques : approches techniques et économiques". Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT089/document.
Texto completoThe development of Renewable Energy for electricity production has increased due to theEuropean policies and directives to prevent climate change. This political context is promoting amassive insertion of intermittent wind electricity production into electrical networks. There are stilldoubts about the limitations of integrating wind power into the electrical networks. For this reason,we focus on the study technical and economic aspects to approach these limitations. The firstpurpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the economical incentives policies inorder to stimulate growth in the wind power production. The second one is to evaluate the technicalproblems in the short and long term caused by the intermittency of wind power. In the short-term,the problems of power systems as well as the adjustments in the electricity market are discussed. Inthe long term, the impact of wind power reliability (in the network) is evaluated by using an algorithmto calculate the capacity credit of wind power
Savi, Vânio Murilo. "Conception préliminaire des systèmes de production à l'aide des réseaux de Pétri". Metz, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1994/Savi.Murilo_Vanio.SMZ9424.pdf.
Texto completoThis work is devoted to use of Petri nets for modeling and evaluating non-cyclic manufacturing systems. To model such a system we define a class of Petri nets called RPES (Petri nets with inputs and outputs transitions). After studying the properties of a subclass of RPES, the RPES without conflict, we show how to decompose a RPES into a set of RPES without conflict and define conditions under which the use of RPES without conflict ensures that the system exhibits desirable qualitative properties. The system evaluation is based on a short-term planning followed by a scheduling. The planning problem consists in finding the number of times each RPES without conflict is activated in each elementary period. We show that this problem can be formulated as a linear or quadratic programming problem according to the criterion to be optimized. Efficient methods are proposed for solving this problem. To solve the scheduling problem we propose two heuristics methods : one is a simulated annealing like algorithm and the other one a branch and bound alogithm. To facilitate the use of these algorithms we integrate them into a software with a graphical interface. Next, several comparative studies are done in each step of the evaluation phase. Finally, we apply our methodology on a set of large size examples and we analyse the results
Lee, Kwang Hyung. "Analyse et modélisation des systèmes de production par les réseaux de Petri". Lyon, INSA, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985ISAL0003.
Texto completoIn the f ace of the increased complexity of production systems, computer may allow managers an easy problem solving in production control. This trend of computerization has brought about a necessity of perfect understanding of such systems. The need of a tool or method for analysis of complex systems has been emphasized. In this thesis, Petri nets are chosen as a method of analysis and conceptualisation of automated production systems, and as a common language among computer scientists and production managers. The aptitude of Petri nets for modelling and analysis of production systems is studied and compared with other principal graphic models. The comparative study shows that the Petri nets has the best modelling and analysing power for the production systems. It is also pointed out that the space of reachable states of a Petri net is large in general and often it gives difficulties in analysing a complex net. A new method of hierarchical reduction on petri net is proposed et analyse a complex net. The prosed method conserves the properties of petri net such as liveness, boundedness and proper termination. This method allows to decompose hierarchically a net ant to analyse it by its reduced net and its sub-nets. This procedure od reduction has been automated. As an application, a flexible manufacturing system was modelled by petri and this net has been reduced by this automated process in facilitating its analysis
Porkar, Koumleh Siyamak. "Planification technico-économique de la production décentralisée raccordée aux réseaux de distribution". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10021/document.
Texto completoIn the recent years, there is a worldwide wave of considerable changes in power industries, including the operation of distribution networks. Deregulation, open market, alternative and local energy sources, new energy conversion technologies and other future development of electrical power systems must pursue different goals. Also growth in the demand and change in load patterns may create major bottlenecks in the delivery of electric energy. This would cause distribution system stress. The complexity of the problems related to distribution systems planning is mainly caused by multiple objectives. It is predicted that Distributed Generation (DG) will play an increasing role in the electrical power system of the future, not only for the cost savings but also for the additional power quality. Careful coordination and placement of DGs is mandatory. Improper placement can reduce DGs benefits and even jeopardize the system operation and condition. This thesis discusses the effects of DG implementation under different distribution system conditions and states not only to decrease system costs and losses but also to improve power quality, system voltage and line congestion. Three methodologies included mathematical model to obtain the optimal DG capacity sizing and sitting investments with capability to solve large distribution system planning problem. These frameworks have allowed validating the economical and electrical benefits of introducing DG by solving the distribution system planning problem and by improving power quality of distribution system. DG installation increases the feeders’ lifetime by reducing their loading and adds the benefit of using the existing distribution system for further load growth without the need for feeders upgrading. More, by investing in DG, the DISCO can minimize its total planning cost and reduce its customers’ bills
Alvarez-Hérault, Marie-Cécile. "Architectures des réseaux de distribution du futur en présence de production décentralisée". Grenoble INPG, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00471172.
Texto completoDeregulation of electricity and the increasing will of protecting environment will enhance the development of dispersed generation. Transport networks, already saturated, need to be enhanced by distribution networks where dispersed generation will be connected. But a massive introduction of dispersed generation could modify the behaviour of distribution networks. This thesis shows a better way to integrate those productions: finding new ways to switch electrical flows. A new architecture with a partially meshed operation is proposed and validated thanks to technical and economic studies and stochastic tests. This competitive architecture enables to increase the penetration of distributed generation in the network ensuring reliability criteria of the distributor
Guebla, Abdallah. "Modélisation et validation des systèmes de production par les réseaux de Pétri colores". Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0096.
Texto completoIn many systems a number of different processes have a similar structure and behaviour. As far production systems are concerned methods and tools are needed from the specification ta the implantation, and also the essential validation. A consistent analysis, lies on modelling and performance evaluation, specially for complex systems. In all potential tools coloured Petri nets (CPN) are very convenient for these requirements. Their main advantage resides in their potential use for all application steps. In this model, which preserves the CPN properties, the model is clearer and has more concision. But, Mathematical analysis of CPN is not enough ta determine all these properties CPN can be compared to grammars if : - the firing sequence is described as an alphabet, - the job-shops multiple routing represents a regular language. Simulation is used to , answer specifications problems in order to provide better coordination and workshops measurements. An analogy between CPN an Artificial Intelligence can be made. Artificial Intelligence can be used ta take decisions in conflictual situations. In all our work long, examples of complex workshops modelling are presented and validate our chaise for the CPN model
Zerhouni, Sai͏̈d Noureddine. "Application des réseaux de Petri continus à l'analyse dynamique des systèmes de production". Grenoble INPG, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPG0014.
Texto completoFontela, Garcia Miguel Angel. "Intéraction des réseaux de transport et de distribution en présence de production décentralisée". Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0060.
Texto completoThe liberalisation or deregulation of the energy market and the futures lines fixed by the EU in order to increase the amount of clean energy make that the electric networks must be ready to integrate new energy injections, some of them intermittent. The construction of new lines and international connections could not be a solution which leads in any case to robust and flexible system. Robustness study methodology and definition are given in order to ensure the system robustness in case of high dispersed generation insertion and to limit the insertion of dispersed generation with negative performances in case of perturbation or blackout. These blackouts and incidences could be limited by intentional islanding in distribution networks. A view of the feasibility of islanding operation is given. In this way, the distributed intelligence should be a keystone to allow these critical operating modes. Some ideas about new ICTs for fault localization and islanding are proposed. A demonstrator used for the tests of IP networks is also presented
Jlili, Mohamed Malek. "Analyse et optimisation d'efficacité de réseaux manufacturiers complexes". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29907/29907.pdf.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the analysis and optimal design of manufacturing systems composed of unreliable machinery. The considered systems can operate in an assembly / disassembly structure. Buffer stocks are placed between the machines in order to decouple them from each other. These machines can operate in degraded mode. Each machine is represented as a system with three states: nominal operation, blackout and a degraded mode. We consider that the degraded mode affects only the nominal production rate of machines and not the quality of the parts produced. To assess the rate of production of such a manufacturing system with multi-state machine (called complex), an analytical method is first explored. This method consists on replacing each machine by an equivalent one with two states, and then applying one of the classical methods for networks with binary state machines. After discovering the lack of precision of this method, we used a simulation method based on the software Simio for the optimal design of networks with multi-state machines. In this design, it is about making a joint selection of technologies and buffer sizes between machines. The objective of the optimization is to maximize the rate of production under budget constraints. Most existing works consider the problem of allocating buffer stocks for serial lines or series-parallel when machine technologies are already chosen. Our method is developed and validated using different randomly generated instances. To do this, the developed simulation model is coupled with two optimization methods. The first method uses the OptQuest optimization tool. The second method is a new heuristic based on a genetic algorithm (GA). In each method, the optimizer uses the production rate estimation carried out by the simulation tool in its objective function. Our new method (simulation / GA) is compared to an approach coupling an analytical method to a GA in the case of binary machines. The numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of our method in terms of solution quality at the expense of the less efficient computation time.
Huvenoit, Bertrand. "De la conception à l'implantation de la commande modulaire et hiérarchisée de systèmes flexibles de production manufacturière". Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10134.
Texto completoLan, Lan. "Essays on Household Savings, Intergenerational Transfers, and Production Network". Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10058/document.
Texto completoThis thesis investigates several topics in Macroeconomics, which contains three self-contained papers, each corresponds to one chapter. A common thread of the three papers is to address macroeconomic questions from the perspective of micro-level theory and data. The first and second chapter explore China’s saving rates using household-level theory and surveys. It explains the “camel-shaped” age-saving profile of Chinese households, with a focus on intergenerational transfers. The third chapter explores the propagation of firm-level volatilities in production network. The thesis consists of three chapters, each of which is self-contained and can be read separately. The first chapter investigates how can intergenerational transfers explain the camel-shaped agesaving profile of Chinese households. Commencing in 2005, a “camel-shaped” age-saving profile of Chinese households began to emerge, which has been documented by various studies. This “camel-shape” feature is puzzling considering that it is at odds with the Life-Cycle Hypothesis. In this paper, we show that the camel-shaped age-saving profile of Chinese households is largely due to the middle-aged households generating a vast amount of intergenerational transfers. These households transfer a significant fraction of their wealth to their children and parents, primarily to their children. In a quantitative overlapping generations(OLG) model, saving rates are linked with altruism of parents and credit constraints of their children, through intergenerational transfers. Saving rates of middle-aged parents decline with altruism (“altruism” channel”) and the tightness of their children’s credit constraints on housing purchase (“credit constraint” channel). The estimations of life-cycle saving rates based on this model line up well with the data. The second chapter validates the hypothesis on altruism, credit constraints and saving rates. Using a sample of matched parent-child pairs from the China Family Panel Studies, this chapter tests the “altruism” channel by exploiting the exogenous deaths of children as a natural experiment. Next, I test the “credit constraint” channel from two mechanisms: random allocation of military graduates to different cities, and cross-city variation of mortgage accessibility. Parents whose children are sent by the military to cities with higher housing prices have lower saving rates, ceteris paribus. Access to discounts of down payments for homebuyers leads to an increase in their parents’ saving rates. The third chapter examines whether firm-level idiosyncratic shocks propagate in production networks. This paper identifies idiosyncratic shocks with mergers and acquisitions (M&A). It find that M&A events impose substantial productivities and revenues gains on the target firms. These gains translate into significant output increase and spill over to their customers through input-output linkages. Surprisingly, the indirect effects of M&A on customer firms are much larger than the direct effects on target firms. This comes from the fact that M&As leads to increase of asymmetry in network structure, therefore further amplifies the firm-level shocks
Mazigh, Belhassen. "Modélisation et évaluation des systèmes de production par les réseaux de Pétri stochastiques généralisés". Mulhouse, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MULH0310.
Texto completoBenzoni-Gavage, Sylvie. "Analyse numérique des modèles hydrodynamiques d'écoulements diphasiques instationnaires dans les réseaux de production pétrolière". Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10226.
Texto completoAmicarelli, Elvira. "Stratégies de gestion des réseaux électriques intelligents à fort taux de production renouvelable distribuée". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT056/document.
Texto completoIn 2007 with the renewable energy directive, the European Union established the development of a low-carbon economy. This directive aims to decrease greenhouse gas emissions by increasing the energy produced by renewable energy. Already today, the massive diffusion of renewable systems is tangible in the European electricity mix. However, in spite of their potential benefits, their large-scale integration leads to new technical and regulatory questions. Consequently, new management strategies need to be developed and applied in order to ensure a reliable and economical operation of the system. Microgrids are considered to be one of the most effective and flexible solutions able to meet these new needs.The main goals of this thesis are the conceptualization, development and implementation of different management strategies for microgrids. The algorithms developed aim to facilitate the massive integration of renewables and at the same time lead to an effective and economic operation of the systems. A new architecture of distribution grids based on cluster of microgrids was proposed. Each microgrid is composed of a number of renewable-based and conventional generation systems, storage systems and consumption. An optimal and distributed energy management strategy was then defined and developed. This strategy allows to manage the short-term energy management and real-time control of microgrids by using the connected sources in a smart and cost-efficient way. A multi-agent system and the mixed integer linear optimization technique were used for the implementation of this strategy.From a global point of view, each microgrid is seen as a coherent entity, which can support network operation by using its flexible and aggregated sources. Hence, the second part of this thesis aims to understand how distribution grids can exploit these cluster of microgrids and their properties. Different mechanisms for the active management of distribution grids are conceptualized from the technical and economical point of view. A new strategy based on hierarchical management of different smart levels allow to reduce the complexity of the system and to implement a more flexible and extensible system, thanks to a more local use of model knowledge and users behaviour. On the end, the theoretical work were tested on an experimental test-bed in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed theories
Wang, Liming. "Gestion hiérarchisée de systèmes de production discrets : une approche basée sur les réseaux de Petri". Metz, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1995/Wang.Liming.SMZ9527.pdf.
Texto completoIn this dissertation, we are interested in the hierarchical management of discrete manufacturing systems. The study is based on Petri net theory. Manufacturing system management is a complicated task in practice, which necessitates the use of hierarchical approaches to deal with various degrees of complexity. A lot of effort has been done in the field of hierarchical management of manufacturing systems. However problems still remain particularly the issue of system integration. We have found that Petri net, especially CO (Controllable-Output) nets as proposed by researchers in INRIA-Lorraine, are a nice tool to handle the problem of system integration. In this work, a simple two-level system is first studied, which illustrates the advantages and disadvantages of hierarchical approach. Then, CO nets are formally defined and the properties of CO nets and the inegration of CO net modules are investigated. Such an investigation suggests that CO nets are a nice tool in the modular modelling and hierarchical management of discrete manufacturing systems. Modular modelling and hierarchical management is the point of view taken throughout the research work in the dissertation. In order to facilitate the study of hierarchical management, we have also proposed a new concept and developped an efficient method for simplifying Petri nets, especially CO net modules. Finally, a prototype package HMPS based on its predecessor MASP is developped as a result of the modular modelling and hierarchical management of discrete manufacturing systems
Ghroud, Soumeya. "Une approche orientée objet pour la conception d'un système intégré de production". Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0104.
Texto completoThis study focuses on the contribution of oriented object software engineering to the production system integration by means of CIM. Developments have been effected in order to define a modelling method adapted to integrated manufacturing systems (IMS) and to design a flexible cell control system in a validation aim. Modelling problems lie principally firstly in the lack of strictness of some usual formalisms, then in the juxtaposition of different paradigms to cover all system dimensions without taking care about integration, and lastly in taking into account system cycle life, including the absence of software support. An object oriented approach for IMS design is proposed. The recommended modelling steps include first definition of an integrating architecture for manufacturing system design. This architecture principally deals with the control system while taking into account information and communication aspects. Then analysis and design of the system are done to lead to an executable model of this system. Our contribution takes place at a methodological level. A method covering all the development cycle is defined. It is founded on a two-step process: structured and then abject oriented. This method is based on the Use-Case method which allows a user oriented approach. It makes use of a combined abject oriented and Petri nets formalism in an original way. This method is then applied to three successive abstraction levels: interface, objects and operations. Advantages are direct superposability between the object model and the dynamic model, assurance of model trackability and thus possible automation of the coherency control and code generation. This method has been valited by the development of a flexible ail supervisor for AIPRAO
Di, Mascolo Maria. "Modélisation et évaluation de performances de systèmes de production gérés en Kanban". Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPG0019.
Texto completoAlahmad, Khalaf. "Systèmes de contrôle de la qualité de production : méthodologie de modélisation, de pilotage et d'optimisation des systèmes de production". Thesis, Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ001S/document.
Texto completoThe subject of our thesis focuses on the systems of quality control of production. In a competition, the complex of production systems must to integrate customer satisfaction and anticipation of customer on their needs, internally and externally. To achieve this goal, the satisfaction of customers, we use the concept of control and quality management. In this thesis, we proposed a methodology to control the process of piloting, then the optimization of the production system. In the start of our methodology, we call the tools of SPC (statistical processes control) to determine the critical process and collect the necessary data, then we use the method of IDEF (IDEF0 - IDEF3) to realize the functional model. The second step in our methodology is the realization of dynamic model which based on Petri nets by using specific rules. We applied this methodology on the maintenance system in a power plant. Moreover, we have proposed an approach to implementation of a quality management system (QMS). Finally, we realized the optimization of achieved model by using the simulated annealing and pace of machine. This thesis has been finalized by studying the various policies of quality control
Briceno, Vicente Wendy Carolina. "Modélisation des réseaux de distribution sous incertitudes". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00736141.
Texto completoSarri, Patrick. "Stabilisation optimale des systèmes à événements discrets à structure vectorielle : application à la sécurité opérationnelle des systèmes de production". Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0016.
Texto completoWe propose a vector discrete event systems approach (VDES) based on logic Supervisory Control Theory initiated by Ramadge and Wonham (RW). Li and Wonham specialize the control theory of discrete-event systems (DES) to a setting of vector addition systems. The state space of a VDES is a Z module under vector addition and multiplication by integers and variable states represent token as in Petri net graph. The Petri net non-negativity constraint is generalized in the case of VDES and defined for each model. For each event, the state transition function is a displacement function in the state space. We propose to exploit the VDES structure in order to obtain efficient solution to the problem of stabilization and optimal trajectory control in application to automated manufacturing system operational safety. The notion of stabilization is concerned with the possibility of driving a process from arbitrary initial states to a prescribed subset of state set and then keeping it there indefinitely. We formalize the stabilization and optimal control problem for VDES and present an algorithm to synthesize a real time supervisor. Furthermore we present an application based on the Operational Safety concept to design and synthesize optimally suited reactivity control over critical failures so as to ensure degraded functioning. The concepts developed have been applied to the fairly complex manufacturing system of the "Atelier Inter-Etablissements de Productique" (AIP) Rhône Alpes, Ouest Lyon (France)
Riat, Jean-Christophe. "Validation par simulation d'architecture de commande d'atelier dans l'industrie de production manufacturière". Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10122.
Texto completoLong, Jianguo. "Sur la conduite hiérarchisée des systèmes flexibles de production". Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG0083.
Texto completoRichard, Pascal. "Contribution des réseaux de Petri à l'étude de problèmes de recherche opérationnelle". Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR4022.
Texto completoRichardot, Olivier. "Réglage Coordonné de Tension dans les Réseaux de Distribution à l'aide de la Production Décentralisée". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00160006.
Texto completoLes réseaux électriques français et européen connaissent depuis quelques années de profondes mutations dues à des bouleversements à l'échelle internationale des politiques énergétiques. Celles-ci conduisent aujourd'hui à une accélération du phénomène d'insertion de production décentralisée d'électricité, généralement désignée sous le terme de "génération d'énergie dispersée", ou GED, dans les réseaux de distribution. Dans cette thèse, une analyse des méthodes de réglage de tension existantes au niveau du réseau de transport, ainsi que des moyens de réglage actuels dans les réseaux de distribution, est à l'origine du développement d'un nouveau système de réglage coordonné de tension pour les réseaux de distribution (D-RCT) utilisant les GED. Ce réglage, basé sur la mutualisation des capacités individuelles des GED, permet de réguler la tension de certains nœuds stratégiques du réseau dénommés "nœuds pilotes" par une gestion optimale de l'énergie réactive. Cette gestion, qui repose sur une optimisation multi objectifs des consignes de tension des GED à l'aide de matrices de sensibilité, présente l'avantage de soulager l'action de réglage de tension du réseau de transport en limitant les transits de puissance réactive entre le transport et la distribution. La validation du D-RCT par application sur un réseau test et par une série d'études paramétriques, ainsi qu'une comparaison avec un réglage local auto – adaptatif, laissent entrevoir la possibilité d'une nouvelle stratégie de réglage de tension hybride.
Damiano, Nelda. "Entre espaces de création et réseaux de production: l'imagination inventive de Francesco Salviati (1510-1563)". Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110437.
Texto completoMa recherche se concentre sur l'artiste florentin Francesco Salviati (1510-1563). Tout particulièrement, mon étude cherche à mieux comprendre les traits caractéristiques de son œuvre, dans ses particularités et dans son ensemble. En analysant son parcours, on constate que celui-ci est ponctué de projets allant de la peinture à fresque, au tableau d'autel, en passant par la gravure et les dessins destinés aux objets d'orfèvrerie. Il s'agit alors de discerner l'approche préconisée par Salviati. Est-ce que celui-ci crée en huis clos ou décide-t-il de transiger avec des artistes qui s'adonnent à une forme d'art qui lui est étrangère? La polyvalence dont il fait preuve nous indique clairement qu'il embrasse les possibilités de collaboration qui s'offrent à lui au gré de ses déplacements, que ce soit avec des graveurs, des lissiers ou des éditeurs. En défiant sans cesse les limites techniques et formelles des matériaux avec lesquels il travaille — sur une petite ou grande échelle — Salviati fait du potentiel expressif de l'objet une priorité. Ma thèse examine donc les nombreuses techniques et oeuvres créées par l'artiste et la façon dont ce travail diversifié lui permet de s'insérer, sinon de se distinguer, dans les réseaux de production de l'époque. Dans un cadre plus large, cette étude nous invite à repenser le caractère arbitraire des courants stylistiques que l'histoire de l'art impose encore aujourd'hui et ainsi revoir les attentes que nous avons face aux artistes appartenant à l'un de ces courants et à leurs productions artistiques
Lhéritier, Bernard. "Méthodes analytiques pour l'évaluation de réseaux de files d'attentes : applications aux systèmes flexibles de production". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CLF21304.
Texto completoMartinez, Garibay Homero Alberto. "Le Rôle des Réseaux de Production dans la Propagation Domestique et Internationale des Chocs Sectoriels". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED054.
Texto completoThis dissertation explores empirically the link between the network structure of inter-industry markets and the force of propagation of shocks affecting modern economies. Recent theoretical propositions suggest that where intermediate inputs markets are led by few very influential suppliers the propagation of shocks is strong, and the aggregate economy becomes sensitive to industryspecific shocks. The first objective of this dissertation is to test empirically these propositions. More importantly, this thesis goes beyond these observations by highlighting that current concepts linking the network structure of economies to the propagation of shocks within the economies may be applied to study the propagation of shocks across countries. This dissertation introduces a new way of studying a well-known international diffusion mechanism: the global inter-industry value chains. Discussion is articulated throughout three questions : Based on their network structure, are modern economies prone to important spillovers ? If so, may the network structure of economies predict the actual level of comovement of industrial activity ? Since globalization led to international fragmentation of production, may the network structure of international inter-industry value chains foster cross-country spillovers ? Empirical results give positive answers to these questions, and provide elements to continue exploring this emerging literature of the international macroeconomics
Pham, Thi Thu Hà. "Influences de la production décentralisée sur la gestion des infrastructures critiques des réseaux de puissance". Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0123.
Texto completoThe objective of this thesis is, based on the analyses of the dispersed generation (DG) impacts in the electrical networks (transmission and distribution), to propose a new methodology of management of the critical situations in the power system with large scale of decentralized production penetration. This new methodology based on the intentional islanding concept at multiple levels of voltage using the DG. The developed idea was to integrate the new DG's exploitation modes in the action plans of electrical power system in the great disturbance case or total black-out by using different multi-level and multi-objective optimization techniques with constraints. This method is named Deep Build Together for considering the rebuilding simultaneous in upstream and downstream processes by transmission and distribution networks. Thereby, in case of major failure, many customers (in particular the priority customers) would be restored earlier and the system restoration duration would be reduced. Numerous technical aspects had been analyzed to justify the feasibility of this methodology. A parametrical comparison, in function of DG penetration rate, between the proposed strategy Deep Build Together and the one which is actually used, allowed the first validation of this new strategy of management of the critical situations
Camargo, Damasceno Bérénice. "Ordonnancement des systèmes de production multi-ressources avec la prise en compte de blocage". Metz, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1999/Camargo_Damasceno.Berenice.SMZ9903.pdf.
Texto completoThis work is motived by the extensive use of a wide range of manufacturing resources in today's production systems. We propose an integrated approach of deadlock avoidance of such systems. For this purpose, we propose a scheduling model, called job-shop with Multiple Resources and Blocking. In this model, an operation may need more than one resource and it is called Multi-Resources operation. Further, upon the completion of an operation of the same job cannot be released and the remaining resources are released at the beginning of the next operation. The later characteristic is called “hold while waiting” property. The scheduling problem consists in sequency the operations such that deadlocks are avoided and the total duration,i. E. Makespan, is minimized. We prove that the problem is strongly NP-Hard. This leads us to propose efficient heuristic methods to construct deadlock-free schedules. Finally, we consider a class of job-shops with Multiple Resources and Blocking : the job-shops with AGV. A Lagrangien Relaxation approach is proposed to solve the scheduling problem. Numerical results are given to show the efficiency the proposed methods
Buire, Jérôme. "Intégration des incertitudes liées aux prévisions de consommation et production à la gestion prévisionnelle d'un réseau de distribution". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECLI0017/document.
Texto completoThe voltage profiles inside the network and power flows at the transport-distribution interface are modified under the massive insertion of renewable sources in distribution grids. The system’s uncertainties cannot be handled by local controllers which parameters are tuned at the actuator installation stage. A solution, widely accepted in the literature, consists of achieving a centralized optimization of the actuators references (distributed generators reactive powers, reference voltage of the On Load Tap Changer, capacitor banks reactive power). Within this framework, a supervisor computes all references at the same time and delivers the references to each actuators, which requires an efficient and reliable communication system.The main contribution of the thesis is to design an alternative approach which keeps the local control structures which settings will be updated on an hourly basis. The optimization relies on a stochastic representation of the grid that accounts for the On Load Tap Changer uncertainties and day ahead forecasts of the productions and consumptions. It is shown that every variable of the system can be represented by Gaussian or sum of truncated Gaussian variables. A stochastic optimization allows to select the controllers settings that minimize overvoltages and control efforts, without using time-consuming algorithms such as Monte-Carlo methods. This work will demonstrate that an appropriate management of uncertainties spares unnecessary and costly oversizing
Mangeon, Pastori Carine. "Valorisation des huiles colza / tournesol pour la production de bioplastiques". Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1002.
Texto completoPoly (3-hydroxyalkanoate)s (PHAs) are an alternative to petroleum-based plastics because of their biodegradability and their biocompatibility. However, the high production costs, the limited mechanical performance and the narrow processing window of PHAs have limited their development on a larger scale. It is therefore necessary to modify the PHAs in order to increase their properties and develop strategies to reduce their production costs to allow their use as replacement for conventional plastics. Among the raw materials derived from renewable resources, metropolitan rapeseed or sunflower oils are interesting candidates for the synthesis and chemical modification of PHAs because of their competitive cost, their bioavailability and their built-in functionalities. Thus, we aimed to reduce the cost productions of PHAs by using rapeseed oil and glycerol as cheap substrates. The strain, Haloferax mediterranei, has demonstrated its ability to biosynthesize a PHB92HV8. In addition, we have developed two approaches to improve the performance of PHAs: plasticization of PHAs by terpene molecules from plants and synthesis of semi-interpenetrating networks (semi-IPNs). The use of terpenes for the formulation of PHAs reduced the processing temperature of the polymer and increased its flexibility. The synthesis of a biobased semi-IPN is obtained by crosslinking sunflower oil and a trifunctional thiol, using the thiolene reaction, within a matrix of linear PHAs. The network improved the thermal stability of PHAs and increased their elongation at break of 2400%. Finally, new biobased materials were also produced from terpenes and vegetable oil, using a simple and "green" process. The resulting materials exhibited flexibility and elasticity with the ability to absorb and to release antibacterial and antifungal hydrophobic molecules such as the eugenol. Therefore, a wide range of bioplastics have been synthesized using vegetable oils, PHAs or a combination of both, with wide range of properties to compete with plastics derived from fossil resources
Kasprzak, Casimir. "Étude des couplages inter-réseaux pour la fabrication intégrée par ordinateur". Nancy 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN10392.
Texto completoBriceno, vicente Wendy carolina. "Modélisation stochastique des réseaux de distribution sous incertitude". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845650.
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