Tesis sobre el tema "Réseau de transport public multimodal"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 42 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Réseau de transport public multimodal".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Hussen, Berhanu Woldetensae. "Sustaining Sustainable Mobility : the Integration of Multimodal Public Transportation in Addis Ababa". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2042/document.
Texto completoAddis Ababa, with an area of 540 km2 and with population of 3.1 million people is experiencing a rapid pace of socio-economic and physical transformation. The city is not only the political, commercial, economic and financial hub of the country but also an international city serving as the seat of the African Union and various international organizations. Alike many African Cities, Addis Ababa has been undergoing a high rate of urbanization. This process of rapid urbanization has resulted in the increase in the size of the population and the physical expansion of the city. As a consequence, travel demand and length of the trip are increasing. Transportation plays a key role in determining the socioeconomic development and shaping the spatial development framework of the city. Equally important, transportation as derived demand is also a fundamental means for residents to fulfill their various activities. In Addis Ababa motorization, although on the increase, is low and public transportation is the most important mode of motorized mobility for the large majority of the city’s population. There are various formal and informal operators of the public transport mainly operating on individual basis. It is estimated that there are over 18,000 public transport vehicles that are daily running in Addis Ababa, most of them low capacity vehicles. Despite its importance, the public transport sector not only suffers from shortage, insufficient capital investment, and until recently lack of clear governmental policy and leadership but also from the absence of integrated approach to its operation, planning and management.Many cities in the North have embarked on integrating the provision of public transportation for nearly half a century now. In these cities, integration in public transportation has been recommended as a viable instrument for providing high quality and seamless urban transport and enhancing sustainable urban development. African cities which are characterized by their high urbanization rate, low level of private car ownership, deficient public transportation system and significant financial constraints lack public transportation integration experiences. The question is then ‘how do African cities replicate and implement public transport integration practices?’ that have been originally developed for the Cities of the North. The thesis attempts to answer this question and analyses the different forms of public transport integration. It then proposes a framework for implementing integrated public transport as a sustainable means of urban mobility in Addis Ababa
Mialaret, Benoît. "Pôles d'échanges multimodaux et interfaçage des échelles de transport". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30086/document.
Texto completoConfront the challenges posed by air pollution and congestion on urban and suburban roads and urban sprawl, the multimodal hubs are designed and implemented as a sustainable mobility development tools, which may promote the use of complementary modes of transport (walking, cycling, transit buses, trams, subways ...).Their presence increasingly assertive along public transport axes own site demonstrates their adaptability to different institutional contexts, territorial and reticular. Their goal is to limit car traffic entering the cities, and generate sufficient modal shift towards public transport. This gives rise to very extensive studies in estimating flow and urban integration. Indeed, multimodal hubs have relations with the neighborhoods where they are located.But this profusion of multimodal hubs, which is observed over the past thirty years - with an acceleration in the early 2000’s - actually hides realities very different, as are the names that give them local transport authorities. Despite standardization attempts made by the government, we find that the operation of multimodal hubs and their physical configuration leads to meet local needs and compromise between the different actors involved in the construction and operation of this type of equipment.Our thesis therefore proposes to draw up an inventory of research for multimodal hubs and intermodality, by using many tools and methods (surveys and field surveys, interviews with professionals involved in public transport sector, model-process and inventory of available services) to determine whether the multimodal hub is a major element of public transport policies and if it contributes, within it, interfacing complementary scales transport
Martinod, Restrepo Ronald Mauricio. "Politiques d’exploitation et de maintenance intégrées pour l’optimisation économique, sociétale et environnementale des systèmes de transports urbains interconnectés". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0069.
Texto completoUrban public transport systems influence the infrastructure of urban areas and the lives of their inhabitants while directly stimulating the economy. Intelligent urban public transport systems help to improve the quality of life and the environment in cities. The rapid development of urban transport solutions has led to a large number of operators entering the market, thus preventing a global optimum. These discrete optimisations, without any articulation between transport operators, avoid the identification of a global optimum. As a result, the inefficient operation of urban public transport systems does not necessarily reduce the environmental cost. To address these challenges, this thesis proposes a methodology associated with mathematical models developing optimisation approaches for multimodal public transport networks, for achieving the best service policy while minimising operation costs in order to satisfy the principle of sustainability, frequently expressed in urban development goals
Fayech, Besma. "Régulation des réseaux de transport multimodal : systèmes multi-agents et algorithmes évolutionnistes". Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-323.pdf.
Texto completoZidi, Salah. "SARR : système d'aide à la régulation et la reconfiguration des réseaux de transport multimodal". Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Zidi.pdf.
Texto completoFletterman, Manuel. "Designing multimodal public transport networks using metaheuristics". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01162009-154801/.
Texto completoHemmidy, Mohamed. "Gestion de flot de conteneurs et de véhicules dans un réseau multimodal". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMLH41/document.
Texto completoThe aim of this work is the study of the problem of managing the flow of containers and vehicles in a multimodal network. We propose a formulation of the problem under the form of a realistic mathematical model that takes into account the different aspects related to container transport and storage and whose objective is to minimize the overall cost of transport. For large-scale resolution, a two-level resolution approach is proposed. In a first level we build an aggregated model easier to solve to extract the decisions related to the movements of trains and barges as well as a dual terminal of our basic problem. This information is used in a second level to have good quality solutions of our problem compared to the solutions given by CPLEX by directly solving the basic model. Numerical results on randomly generated instances are presented and prove the value of the proposed resolution approach
Iglesias, Alexandre. "Calcul d'itinéraire multicritère en transport multimodal". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEM025/document.
Texto completoThe work carried out in this industrial PhD aims at improving the route planner of Cityway, a company specialized in information technologies applied to mobility. We first established an exhaustive state of the art, and compared it to the existing Cityway product. This allowed us to help the company take a step back from its urgent needs, and justify the research guidelines chosen for our work.We then looked at the multi-criteria aspect of the problem. Indeed, the trip planner, based on the Dijkstra algorithm, makes it possible to find paths minimizing a weighted sum of criteria. We have developed a multilabel algorithm to maintain and extend multiple labels at the same node. Despite a slight increase in computation time, satisfactory results were obtained in a bicriteria application of this new algorithm.We also worked on the generation and selection of alternative routes. The generation algorithm relies on the existing monolabel or newly developed multilabel algorithms. The selection algorithm is based on the definition of a distance between trips and adaptations of existing clustering algorithms to this specific case.Finally, we were interested in what we called the lexicographic criterion. For a trip to be interesting, it must be optimal on the usual criterion of earliest arrival, and, for trips arriving at the same time, on the latest departure criterion. The use of certain properties on this criterion makes it possible to reduce computation times on the bicriteria case
Mejri, Hinda. "Un système d'aide à la régulation d'un réseau de transport multimodal perturbé : réponse au problème de congestion". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00803231.
Texto completoMejri, Hinda. "Un système d’aide à la régulation d’un réseau de transport multimodal perturbé : réponse au problème de congestion". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECLI0008/document.
Texto completoTransport networks have been amplified by the increasing number of vehicles and stations and the emergence of new concepts essentially multimodal and intermodal. Thus, the task of managing public transport systems has become very complex and difficult for regulators.To cope with these difficulties, there is the development of systems decision support as an effective solution to traffic control. They can transmit real-time traffic information on transport networks. Our work is based on designing a control system of multimodal transport networks. It may be as an essential tool for effective solutions and real-time to the problem of traffic congestion. It can provide the necessary information to the user in making its decision to move with or without his car. The proposed system is a hybrid between a graph modeling the network and a multi-agent system. This will be supported by an evolutionary approach for generating an optimal control solution. This is justified by the open, distributed and complex network of multimodal transport
Fernández, Abenoza Roberto. "Improving Travel Satisfaction with Public Transport". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Systemanalys och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-200734.
Texto completoKontinuerlig urban tillväxt, miljöproblem, konkurrens om begränsat utrymme, längre pendlingsavstånd samt behovet av att främja rättvisa och jämlikhet i samhället är de främsta anledningarna till förbättringar av kollektivtrafikens (KT) tjänster och attraktionskraft för att få fler resenärer att byta från bil till KT och därmed en viktig politisk fråga i många länder över hela världen. Den befintliga kopplingen mellan KT-resenärens tillfredsställelse, antalet passagerare och lojalitet visar betydelsen av att förbättra resans övergripande tillfredsställelse. De tre artiklar som ingår i denna licentiatavhandling presenterar en rad tillvägagångssätt och metoder som syftar till att öka den totala tillfredsställelsen med KT i ”från dörr till dörr”-resor samt täcker viktiga frågor som tidigare forskning har misslyckats med att ta itu med. Dessa kunskapsluckor inkluderar de olika behov och prioriteringar som olika typer av resenärer har, utveckling över tid och över geografiska områden som total tillfredsställelse och tillfredsställelse med specifika serviceattribut kan påverkas av samt försummelsen av resans av- och påstigningsdelar. Baserat på den svenska kundtillfredsställelsebarometern Svensk Kollektivtrafikbarometer (SKT) visar en undersökning av bestämningsfaktorerna för KT- tillfredsställelse och deras utveckling över tiden för KT-användare under åren 2001-2013 att (Artikel I): a) det skett en försämring av den sammanlagda tillfredsställelsen med KT i Sverige under de senaste åren som drivits av en minskning av tillfredsställelsen med kundgränssnittet och resans tid; b) att dessa två serviceaspekter samt drift är helt avgörande för övergripande tillfredsställelse och som resenärer konsekvent graderar bland de minst tillfredsställande. Mångfalden av behov och prioriteringar för SKT-resenärer reducerades till 5 distinkta multimodala resenärsgrupper (Artikel II). Dessa resenärsgrupper uppvisade geografiska skillnader och en i mellan-grupper övergripande likhet i vikt som fästs vid serviceattribut. Likväl kan några märkbara skillnader observeras. Serviceattributens betydelse avslöjar övergripande förändringar i uppskattnings- och konsumtionsmål över tid. De mer frekventa KT-användarsegmenten är mer nöjda över hela spektret och kännetecknas av en mer balanserad fördelning av attributens betydelse, medan en av grupperna – bilpendlare på landsbygden - är markant missnöjda med service- och driftattribut. Ett antal både normativa och heuristiska regler för aggregerad tillfredsställelse testas på METPEX-data (A Measurement Tool to determine the quality of the Passenger EXperience) för olika typer av resekonfigurationer (Artikel III). Detta görs för att förstå hur resenärer kombinerar delresors tillfredsställelse i en övergripande utvärdering av hela resan och för att undersöka den relativa betydelsen av tillfredsställelse med påstignings-, huvud- och avstigningsdel för hela reseupplevelsen i ”från dörr till dörr”-resor. Resultaten visar att normativa regler bättre kan återge övergripande resetillfredsställelse än heuristiska regler, vilket tyder på att alla resans delar måste beaktas när man utvärderar den samlade reseupplevelsen. I synnerhet ger viktning av tillfredsställelse med individuella delresor och de upplevda delresornas restider den bästa predikatorn för övergripande resetillfredsställelse, särskilt vid tillämpning av en väntetidsvikt på 3 eller 4 gånger i fordons- eller gångtid. Denna uppsättning artiklar skulle kunna hjälpa myndigheter att bättre utvärdera och tillgodose resenärernas behov genom att stödja tilldelning av resurser och prioriterandet av åtgärder i den mest effektfulla delen i en ”från dörr till dörr”-resa.
El rápido crecimiento urbano, problemas medioambientales, la competencia por el uso de espacios cada vez más limitados, el aumento de la distancia en los viajes pendulares así como la necesidad de fomentar una sociedad más equitativa e igualitaria, son algunas de las principales razones que hacen de la mejora de los servicios de transporte público (TP) y del trasvase de usuarios del transporte privado motorizado al TP una política clave en muchos países del mundo. La relación existente entre la mejora de la satisfacción del usuario de TP con el incremento de usuarios y de su fidelidad, prueban la importancia de mejorar la satisfacción global del usuario con el viaje. Los tres artículos incluidos en esta tesis de mitad de doctorado, en Suecia Licentiate thesis, presentan un variedad de enfoques y métodos que tienen como objetivo incrementar la satisfacción global con los viajes de puerta a puerta (desde el origen hasta el destino final) en los que el transporte público está involucrado, a la par de cubrir cuestiones importantes que no han abordado estudios previos. Estas lagunas de conocimientos incluyen: ignorar las distintas prioridades y necesidades de distintos tipos de viajeros; pasar por alto que tanto la satisfacción global con el viaje como la satisfacción con los atributos específicos del servicio pueden experimentar cambios a lo largo del tiempo y entre diversas zonas geográficas; y, el obviar la importancia que otras etapas del viaje (acceso y egreso), diferentes a la principal, pueden ejercer sobre la valoración global del viaje. Basado en el barómetro sueco de satisfacción del usuario de transporte público (SKT), se estudian los determinantes de la satisfacción con el TP y su evolución temporal, para usuarios de TP y para el período 2001-2013 (Artículo I). El artículo muestra que: a) el deterioro de la satisfacción global con el TP sueco experimentado en los últimos años se debe a la disminución de la satisfacción con el modo en el que la agencia de TP gestiona las quejas y el trato con los usuarios (customer interface), y de la duración del viaje (length of trip time); b) frequencia y la fiabilidad del servicio (operation) se suman a los dos ya mencionados atributos del servicio como factores determinantes de la satisfacción global con el TP. Son precisamente estos tres atributos los que consistentemente reciben unas valoraciones situadas entre las menos satisfactorias. Basándose en las características de tipo socio-económico, en las del viaje y en coeficientes de accesibilidad, se obtienen cinco grupos de viajeros multimodales relativamente homogéneos, los cuales ayudan a simplificar la complejidad existente, en términos de necesidades y prioridades, de todos los viajeros suecos - SKT (Artículo II). Los cinco grupos de viajeros exhiben disparidades geográficas y, en general, una semejanza entre grupos en la importancia atribuida a los atributos del servicio. Sin embargo, existen algunas diferencias notorias. A lo largo del tiempo, los niveles de importancia de los atributos del servicio revelan cambios generales en las apreciaciones y objetivos de consumo. Los grupos de viajeros que viajan más frecuentemente con transporte público están, de forma generalizada, más satisfechos con el viaje y muestran una distribución más equilibrada de la importancia dada a los atributos del servicio. Se hace destacable la marcada insatisfacción que uno de los grupos – los automovilistas rurales pendulares (rural motorist commuters)- muestran con los atributos relacionados con la operación (fiabilidad y frequencia). Una serie de reglas de agregación de la satisfacción del viajero, tanto normativas como heurísticas, son examinadas en el conjunto de datos de METPEX (Una herramienta de medición para determinar la calidad de la experiencia del viajero) para distintos tipos de configuraciones de viaje (Artículo III). El objetivo de este artículo es; entender como los viajeros combinan la satisfacción con cada una de las etapas del viaje en su valoración global del viaje, e investigar la importancia relativa que cada una de las tres etapas del viaje (acceso, principal y egreso) tienen sobre la experiencia de un viaje completo de puerta a puerta. Los resultados muestran que, en comparación con las reglas heurísticas, las reglas normativas pueden reproducir de una mejor manera la satisfacción global con el viaje; indicando que todas las etapas del viaje necesitan ser consideradas cuando se evalúa la experiencia global del viaje. En particular la ponderación de la satisfacción con cada una de los segmentos del viaje[1] con la duración percibida para cada una de los segmentos del viaje produce el mejor indicador de la satisfacción global del viaje, especialmente cuando se aplica una penalización por cada minuto de espera equivalente a 3 o 4 veces el tiempo en movimiento y/o caminando. Éste conjunto de artículos pretende ayudar a las operadores y autoridades pertinentes a evaluar y proveer de la mejor manera posible las necesidades de los viajeros mediante la priorización de medidas y asignación de recursos a la parte más relevante del viaje multimodal puerta a puerta. [1] Un segmento del viaje (trip leg) es la parte más pequeña en la que se descompone un viaje de puerta a puerta. Una etapa del viaje puede estar compuesta de uno o más segmentos del viaje.
QC 20170202
Berdai, Abdelhamid. "Modélisation et simulation d'un réseau de transport public par une approche multi-agents". Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA2035.
Texto completoThe work presented in this thesis focuses on the modelling and the simulation of bus transportation networks. The proposed approach is the design of a model based on multi-agents paradigm, which takes into account risks affecting the transportation network. These risks can changed according to several temporal or space variations. In order to analyze an urban public transportation system, a model based on multi-agents approach is elaborated. First, we determine the structure of transportations system as being as hierarchical organisations. Such a structure includes roles and their interactions. Then, we define a set of agents and we assign roles for each one. Interactions between agents are modelled by the interaction diagram. To simulate this model, the agent behaviour specification is necessary. The design process of transportation simulator allows us to describe the behaviour of each agent with the statechart formalism and thus we define a set of rules, which simplifies the behavioural agent model. The last step is to implement the simulator from models specified previously. We implement a human-machine interface, its configuration, and its parameter setting. Finally, we evaluate some parameters of transport quality of service by taking account risks which perturb the bus network
Oliva, Jan. "Les réseaux de transports tchécoslovaques dans l'entre-deux-guerres : une approche historique multimodale". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR30068.
Texto completoEven though they have been in the European Union since 2004, The Czech Republic and Slovakia remain relatively unknown, partly because of their limited presence on the international stage. Other factors are ignorance of their recent history and a long period of isolation during the Cold War, which allowed to appear and take root false ideas about the culture and identity of the people on both sides of the “Wall”.This doctorate thesis is dedicated to the First Czechoslovak republic (1918-1938), a time when the Czech and Slovak people made their first steps as an independent State on the international scene. It is paced under the perspective of contemporary economic history and analysis specifically the transport networks which formed the backbone of the new economy. Their role was essential for the economic survival of the new state, built on the ruins of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In fact, the state launched a vast program of investment in transport infrastructures and, in parallel, founded a series of public or semi-public transport companies at the service of the republic. The period studied is relatively short and homogeneous, with intense political and economic activity. It was a period of transition. For these reasons it is of particular interest to the historian examining the specificities of public transport policy and the different concepts and solutions (a public transport monopoly, the commercial management of public companies…) adopted or rejectedThe thesis tries to bring to the French speaking world some tools for the comprehension of this part of Europe, difficult to pin down by Western historians because its geopolitical boundaries have seen several major upheavals during the 20th century, and because of the linguistic barrier. Its author is polyglot and has the ability to use original and library sources in Czech, Slovak and German, while writing and editing in French to the standards expected of a French doctorate
Dridi, Mahjoub. "Contribution à la résolution des problèmes de régulation dans les systèmes de transport dans un contexte multicritère par approche évolutionniste". Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ECLI0001.
Texto completoOuld, Sidi Mohamed Mahmoud. "Contribution à l'amélioration des systèmes d'aide à la décision pour la régulation du trafic dans les réseaux de transport collectif". Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2006/50376-2006-Ould_Sidi.pdf.
Texto completoThis doctoral thesis contributes to the implementation of a decision support system for the traffic control in the disrupted transport networks, aiming to help the developers of these networks to dissipate the disturbances which can appear and degrade the quality of services offered to the travellers. This report is consisted of four chapters. It begins with a bibliographical study on the management of collective transport networks. So, we approach the various problems related to transport systems, to processes planning and regulation. The second chapter presents various models attributed to the multimodal transport systems such as those based on the theory of graphs, on multi-agents systems, and on Petri nets. We also propose a new mathematical formulation of the problem of regulation and a help module to the generation and to the evaluation of the regulation strategies. This module is constituted with four sub-modules; each one realizes a very precise task: the evaluation of impact of disturbances and the actions of regulation on the state of the traffic, the determination of the spatiotemporal horizon of regulation, the generation of practicable decisions and their construction. Four evolutionary-fuzzy approaches proposed for the resolution of this problem are presented in the chapter 3. The fourth chapter is dedicated to the results of the implemented of approaches and methods proposed through the tests of simulation, to evaluate their performances on some real scenarios of different natural disturbances and stemming from the transport network of our industrial partner of the SART project : the SEMURVAL
Moita, Michel. "Management par la logistique globale d'un réseau de PME-PMI". Toulon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUL2003.
Texto completoThe premises of our research can be described through a two-fold professional challenge. The France is under-equipped in terms of removable containers. What should be done to reduce this handicap? The S. C. M. (Supply Chain Management or global logistics) software are out of reach for small and midsize companies. How can they be organized in order to make them accessible? Our paper is designed in five parts: the introduction presents the teilhardian weltanschauung, the axiomatic of our research, the refutations of the "true thought", the modelling leads of the object and, the validation by the satisficing. The theoretical corpus of out thesis is founded on three theories : the constructivism, the General System, Simon "administrative " theory. We chose the field of the consular Chambers. We realized that the construction from scrap of a network is not realistic in the context of our thesis which led us to propose the systemic metaphor of the "Chambre de métiers" of Haute-Savoie
Abdillahi, aptidon Gombor. "Les réseaux de transport à Djibouti et le développement économique et social". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00573790.
Texto completoSossoe, Kwami. "Modélisation des systèmes de transport multimodaux de grands réseaux". Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1196/document.
Texto completoThe objective of this work consists on the modeling of traffic flow of a large multimodaltransportation network. The work is organized in two parts: a theoretical study part anda development part. The theoretical study emphasizes on how a multimodal network canbe model and how its performance in terms of supply can be optimized. To do so, threemain studies are discussed: the traffic flow prediction and regulation on large surface net-works, the vehicular multimodality in big surface networks taking into account new forms ofmobility, and finally the impact of the information on the cost of the itineraries. The devel-opment part consists on the conception of a traffic flow simulator to regulate the vehicularmultimodal traffic. The developed simulator should assist transport operators and territorialcommunities in their traffic flow management strategies
Radhoui, Hamdi. "Problème de gestion de distribution : Cas du problème de tournées de véhicules avec collecte et livraison de marchandises dans un réseau multimodal". Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMLH28.
Texto completoThe distribution of urban freight is essential to the functioning of urban economies.However, it contributes significantly to problems such as traffic congestion andenvironmental pollution. In order to meet the challenges of modern society, the organizationof logistics processes requires synergistic optimization effects of physical processes and theapplication of innovative technologies. The emphasis is on the continuous optimization ofprocesses with the aim of providing the end customer with faster, better and more profitableservices. The main objective of this research is to contribute to the greening of urban freightdistribution, quality and speed of services and minimization of transport costs by developingnew mathematical models and algorithms concerning the problem of collection and deliveryof goods. Thus, this thesis shows the importance of the integration of the drone with thetrucks in the distribution of some goods
Tirachini, Alejandro. "Multimodal pricing and the optimal design of bus services: new elements and extensions". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8584.
Texto completoFeki, Mohamed Firas. "Optimisation distribuée pour la recherche des itinéraires multi-opérateurs dans un réseau de transport co-modal". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604509.
Texto completoStruwig, Claudia Bernadine. "A stepwise approach towards achieving a multimodal platform within the context of the CoCT’s land transport networks". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80001.
Texto completoENGLISH ABSTRACT: The importance of transport should not be underestimated. Transport progresses a person’s quality of life: it connects people to one another and provides access to work, services and recreational opportunities. However, post-apartheid South Africa is unfortunately still faced with a legacy of segregation. While the less-privileged, who mostly live at the fringe of Central Business Districts (CBDs), are captive users of public transport, the private vehicle trend, under the privileged, is becoming more evident. This research project thus proposes that a balanced and integrated sustainable transport system be promoted. That is, one that will aid South Africa in growing and improving its general socio-economical status by providing all its citizens with (equal) access to a balanced transport network. It is believed that, if a multimodal system is promoted, the deficiencies of the current heterogeneous non-integrated systems may be overcome. Therefore, if South Africa’s transport network is augmented with a multimodal platform, the nation will be able to move its citizens effectively and efficiently, without jeopardising the economy, social matters and the environment, today and in the future. Moreover, South Africa will also have the necessary stimulus to utilise the already available resources at its disposal by working together as ‘one’. This research project thus stipulates a (generic) sequential approach needed in achieving an integrated (sustainable) public transport system. The goal of this research project is to create awareness of the benefits that may arise from, and the implementation steps required in obtaining, such a multimodal platform. The focus area for researching the proposition made herein is the City of Cape Town’s (CoCT’s) land transport networks. The City has a management facility, with resultant transport data repository, known as the Transport Management Centre (TMC). This TMC is regarded as one of the finest state of the art facilities in the world and the features thereof offer a sufficient base and point of departure for the promotion of a multimodal transport system. By conducting research in this field, the following portraying aspects, needed for the realisation of the proposition made herein, were found. Firstly, in order to obtain an integrated sustainable transport system, the appropriate Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) need to be integrated. It is believed that, if an intelligent transport scheme, grounded on ITS applications, is advocated, the City will be in the position to more effectively monitor what is going on, to more accurately predict what might happen in the future, and to manage its transport system proactively on an area-wide basis. Secondly, in order to meet the integration requirements imposed by multimodal transport, a centralised database needs to be created. With such a database in place, information sharing across all modes of private- and public land transport, and thus also between the investors or the operators, will be possible. An example of such a database was developed in Microsoft Access and the modes considered therein are: MyCiti, Metrorail and Golden Arrow Bus Service (GABS). The data stored in this database is historic, but the incorporation of real time information was also catered for. Thirdly, it is believed that the success of the City’s transport system, and the development of a multimodal system, is dependent on the provision of an efficient Advanced Traveller Information System (ATIS). The idea is to promote multimodal transport as a convenient transit option by providing travellers with information on journey planning that aims to counteract their reluctance to change. In order to develop such a multimodal Journey Planner (JP), the unimodal networks considered herein were combined into a supernetwork on which Dijkstra’s Shortest Path Algorithm was applied. This algorithm was programmed in Microsoft Excel’s Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and it incorporates the following user criteria: the origin, the destination, the user’s mode preference, and the user’s optimisation preference of either time or distance. In conclusion, it can be argued that, with information becoming such a vital commodity in everyday life, the catering for informed travellers are the key to successful future transport services. If travellers are informed about the transport networks’ performance, a positive attitude is fostered. Moreover, by providing travellers with information on journey planning, their feelings of uncertainty and fear of the unknown, that are present in (especially) public transport services, may be neutralised. This information will give the public carte blanche to make decisions that give them the perception of having more ‘control over their lives’. Therefore, if a multimodal JP that can be accessed from one portal is created, people’s inclination to acquire more information will be met. And as a result, traversing in an integrated manner may become the norm.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die belangrikheid van vervoer mag nie onderskat word nie. Vervoer speel ’n belangrike rol in die bevordering van ’n persoon se lewenskwaliteit: dit verbind mense met mekaar en verskaf toegang tot die werksplek, diensteverskaffers, en vryetydsbesteding. Post-apartheid Suid-Afrika is egter nog steeds vasgevang in ’n nalatenskap van rasseskeiding. Die minderbevoorregtes, wat meestal aan die buitewyke van die stad woon, is geforseerde gebruikers van openbare vervoer, terwyl die neiging (onder die bevoorregtes) om privaatvoertuie te gebruik, aan die toeneem is. Hierdie navorsingsprojek beveel dus aan dat ’n gebalanseerde, geïntegreerde en volhoubare vervoerstelsel bevorder moet word. ’n Sodanige stelsel sal help om die sosio-ekonomiese status van Suid-Afrika te bevorder. Dít kan net bereik word as alle landsburgers gelyke toegang tot ’n gebalanseeerde vervoernetwerk het. As ’n multimode-stelsel dus bevorder word, kan die tekortkominge van die huidige heterogene, nie-geïntegreerde stelsels oorkom word. Indien Suid-Afrika se vervoernetwerk ’n multimodale platform het, kan die landsburgers effektief en doeltreffend vervoer word sonder om die ekonomie, sosiale aangeleenthede of omgewing, tans en in die toekoms, in gedrang in te bring. Suid-Afrika sal boonop, met so ’n platform in plek, ook die nodige stimulus hê om die bestaande hulpbronne optimaal te gebruik. Hierdie navorsingsprojek verskaf ’n (generiese) in-volgorde-benadering om ’n volhoubare, geïntegreerde openbare vervoerstelsel daar te stel. Die doel is om bewustheid van die voordele wat uit ’n multimodale platform spruit, sowel as die nodige stappe vir die uitvoering daarvan, te kweek. Die fokusarea van die navorsing is die Stad van Kaapstad se land-vervoernetwerke. Die Stad het ’n beheerfasiliteit waar vervoerdata versamel word. Dit staan bekend as die vervoer-beheersentrum (TMC: Transport Management Centre). Hierdie fasiliteit word as toonaangewend in die wêreld beskou. Die kenmerkende eienskappe van hierdie fasiliteit bied verder ook ’n goeie vertrekpunt vir die bevordering van ’n multimodale stelsel. Die navorsing in hierdie veld het die volgende bydraende faktore, wat benodig word om die voorstelling te realiseer, geïdentifiseer. In die eerste plek moet die intelligente vervoerstelsels (ITS: Intelligent Transport Systems) geïntegreer word om ’n geïntegreerde volhoubare vervoerstelsel daar te stel. Indien ’n intelligente vervoerskema, gebaseer op tegnologiese inisiatiewe, aangemoedig word, sal die Stad van Kaapstad in die posisie wees om sy vervoerstelsel pro-aktief te bestuur deur meer effektief te monitor wat aangaan en meer akkuraat te voorspel wat in die toekoms mag gebeur. Tweedens moet daar ’n gesentraliseerde databasis geskep word. Met hierdie databasis sal die nodige integrasievereistes vir ’n multimodale vervoerstelsel, bereik word. Inligting kan dan gedeel word tussen privaat- en openbare landvervoer, asook tussen die beleggers en die operateurs van die verskillende vervoermodusse. ’n Voorbeeld van so ’n databasis is in Microsoft Access geskep en die modusse wat deel daarvan uitmaak, is: MyCiti, Metrorail en Golden Arrow Bus Services (GABS). Die data wat hierin vervat is, is histories, maar daar is vir intydse inligting voorsiening gemaak. In die derde plek is die sukses van die Stad van Kaapstad se vervoerstelsel en die ontwikkeling van ’n multimodale stelsel afhanklik van die daarstelling van ’n effektiewe, gevorderde inligtingsstelsel vir pendelaars (ATIS: Advanced Traveller Information Systems). Die idee is om ’n multimodale vervoerstelsel as ’n gerieflike opsie onder pendelaars te bevorder. Dit kan bereik word deur inligting rakende reisbeplanning aan pendelaars daar te stel. Met die verkryging van sodanige kennis sal die pendelaar se weerstand teen verandering ook afneem. Om so ’n multimodale reisbeplanner (JP: Journey Planner) te ontwikkel, is die eenmodaal-netwerke gekombineer om ’n supernetwerk te skep. Dijkstra se algoritme is op die supernetwerk toegepas. Die algoritme is in Microsoft Excel se VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) geprogrammeer en dit bevat die volgende gebruikerskriteria, nl. die begin- en eindpunt, die gebruiker se modes-voorkeur en die gebruiker se gekose optimeringsvoorkeur van tyd of afstand. Ten slotte kan gesê word dat inligting ’n groot rol in die mens se daaglikse lewe en aktiwiteite speel. Daar kan dus geredeneer word dat die sleutel tot suksesvolle vervoerdienste daarin lê om vir ingeligte pendelaars voorsiening te maak. As pendelaars ingelig is oor die stand van die vervoernetwerk maak dit hul houding meer positief. Verder, as pendelaars ook inligting oor reisbeplanning het, kan dit hul gevoel van onsekerheid en vrees jeens (veral) openbare vervoer teenwerk. Met al hierdie inligting tot sy beskikking kan ’n persoon dus sy eie keuses maak en dit lei daartoe dat die persoon meer in beheer voel. As ’n multimodale JP geskep word, voed dit die mens se begeerte vir meer inligting. En met ’n sodanige JP in plek, kan geïntegreerde pendel moontlik die norm word.
Abdillahi, Aptidon Gombor. "Les réseaux de transport à Djibouti et le développement économique et social". Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENE001/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the analysis of the importance of the contributions of transport infrastructure into economic and social development, taking into account the specificities of the Djiboutian economy. We conducted this analysis in the theoretical framework of economics of networks, spatial economics and endogenous growth models. As part of the network industries, transport networks are sources of positive external economies that spread to the entire economic activity which makes them an indispensable factor in economic development. These externalities can affect the immediate vicinity of transport infrastructure and may influence the location choices of economic actors. They also have macroeconomic effects that spread across the nation and that are modeled by the endogenous growth theories. Relying on the theoretical contributions of endogenous growth models, we conducted an econometric analysis to measure the effects exerted by public and private investment on the evolution of real income per capita in the specific case of Djibouti. We based our study on the econometric estimation of an aggregate production function of two factors (public capital stock and private capital stock) by the method of cointegration and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The estimation results indicated that, in accordance with what was expected, in the long term, the stock of private capital has a positive and significant effect on real income per capita. Conversely, the stock of public capital has a significant negative impact on the dynamics of real GDP per capita in both the short term and the long term. Keywords : Transportation Infrastructure, Development, Growth, public investment, Djibouti port, Doraleh port, maritime transport, COMESA
Klasing, Chen Milena. "Conception "low cost" innovante dans des réseaux de valeur complexes : Le cas du transport public". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0041/document.
Texto completo“Low cost” is nowadays a very mobilized concept in innovation and new product development both in the general press and in the scientific literature. In management sciences, theconcept is widely mobilized in strategy, marketing as well as new product development. However, there seems to be a lack of a design model for such an approach, making difficult for managers to implement the development of low cost offers. Our work shows that existent low cost products had followed different design rules that could be modelled. We propose a low cost design model that distinguishes two approaches: low cost adaptation and smart low cost design. In low cost adaptation approach, the product is designed through a “no-frills” approach to a regular product: the aim here is to reduce the performance of the existent product on secondary needs to reduce the reference cost. In the smart low cost design approach, a new solution is designed for an existing need with a cost goal. Thus, this specific design approach allows creating products with lower cost and higher value than regular products.Beyond the design rules of a product, we show the possibilities opened by smart low cost design to renew the dominant design through a longitudinal study done in the urban public transport sector. The case study underlined three main results: 1/ legitimization of a low cost adaptation needs a dual strategy that combines both approaches; 2/ the performance of low cost strategy relies on the strategy performance beyond products and its capacity to renew the public transport's dominant design; 3/ Low cost approach supports the dynamic capability for innovation when low cost is used as a tool to redefine the organizations' research and design space limits, as well as a tool to create new partnerships.Finally, the study of such industrial context, as a complex value network, underlined how low cost design help to overcome ecosystem barriers to innovation and propose new partnerships, leading firms to redesign and reconfigure their ecosystem and the value creation process
Rahman, Mamun Muntasir. "Planning for sustainability of non motorised public transport in a developing city". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/63594/1/Mamun_Rahman_Thesis.pdf.
Texto completoKokubu, Hisao. "L'impact du réseau de tramways sur la population marseillaise (fin XIXème-début XXème)". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10068.
Texto completoThe period between 1872 and 1931 was the time of greatest urbanization in France before the Second World War. The tramways played a determining role in the development of suburban residential areas. In Marseilles, from the 1st of January 1900, the first socialist Mayor, Siméon Flaissières instigated a policy of urban public transport, introducing the electrification of the tramway network, and most importantly, « The 10 Centimes Tramway » system. Giving in to the pressure of public opinion, the republican and anti-collectivist Mayor, Amable Chanot, later extended the network, especially towards the rural suburbs. The implementation of the suburban tramway network influenced the choices of places of residence and work of individuals and families alike. Up until the 1920’s, the tramways were an indispensable part of life in a big city
Holovatch, Taras. "Réseaux de transport complexes : résilience, modélisation et optimisation". Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00652784.
Texto completoZgaya, Hayfa. "Conception et optimisation distribuée d'un système d'information d'aide à la mobilité urbaine : Une approche multi-agent pour la recherche et la composition des services liés au transport". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00160802.
Texto completoCes travaux de recherche visent à mettre en œuvre un Système d'Information de Transport Multimodal (SITM) pour optimiser la gestion de flux des requêtes utilisateurs qui peuvent être nombreuses et simultanées. Dans ce cas, le SITM doit pouvoir procéder par des processus de décomposition des requêtes simultanées en un ensemble de tâches indépendantes. Chaque tâche correspond à un service qui peut être proposé par plusieurs fournisseurs d'information, en concurrence, avec différents couts, formats et temps de réponse. Un fournisseur d'information voulant proposer ses services via le SITM, doit d'abord y enregistrer son système d'information, en assumant la responsabilité des aspects juridiques et qualitatifs de ses données. Le SITM est donc lié à un Réseau informatique Etendu et distribué de Transport Multimodal (RETM) qui comporte plusieurs sources d'information hétérogènes des différents services proposés aux utilisateurs de transport.
L'aspect dynamique, distribué et ouvert du problème, nous a conduits à adopter une modélisation multi-agent pour assurer au système une évolution continue et une flexibilité pragmatique. Le système multi-agent proposé s'appuie sur les métaheuristiques pour la recherche et la composition des services; la recherche des services se base sur le paradigme Agent Mobile (AM) utilisant un algorithme d'optimisation dynamique de construction des Plans De Routes (PDR). Cette première étape d'optimisation prépare les parcours des AMs en prenant en considération l'état du RETM. La composition des services utilise les algorithmes évolutionnistes pour optimiser les réponses en termes de coût et de temps, sachant qu'une réponse à une requête utilisateur ne doit pas dépasser un temps maximum autorisé et qu'un utilisateur cherche toujours à avoir le meilleur rapport qualité prix pour les services qu'il demande.
Enfin, le SITM prend en considération les éventuelles perturbations sur le RETM (pannes, goulets d'étranglements, etc.) pour satisfaire les requêtes utilisateurs dans tous les cas de figure. Dans ce contexte, nous avons créé un protocole de négociation entre les agents mobiles et les agents responsables des choix des fournisseurs d'information pour les services demandés, ces agents sont appelés agents Ordonnanceurs. Le protocole proposé dépasse les limites d'une communication agent traditionnelle, ce qui nous a incités à associer au système une ontologie flexible qui permet d'automatiser les différents types d'échanges entre les agents grâce à un vocabulaire approprié.
Les résultats expérimentaux présentés dans cette thèse justifient l'utilisation du paradigme agent mobile dans notre système qui remplace parfaitement bien les paradigmes classiques telle que l'architecture client/serveur. Les simulations présentées montrent différents scénarios de gestion d'un nombre des requêtes simultanées plus ou moins important. En effet, quelque soit le nombre de requêtes utilisateurs formulées pendant un court laps de temps , le système se charge de leur décomposition, de l'identification des services demandés et des fournisseurs d'information susceptibles d'y répondre.
Lafkihi, Mariam. "The role of service procurement mechanisms in collaborative freight transport networks : design and investigation using simulation and gamification approaches". Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLM053.
Texto completoThe importance of freight transport is amplified today by the rapid boom in E-commerce, and in particular new online-to-offline business strategies. To boost competitiveness, e-tailers and logistics service providers have devoted adequate efforts to managing express fulfillment services, e.g., same-day delivery (one or two-hour delivery), and various distribution and delivery channels. This has resulted in massive, high-frequency shipments with short lead times and fluctuating volumes. Moreover, freight transport organizations have undergone rapid changes. New markets and new technologies have emerged that will probably require innovative solutions as efficiency is still low. There is thus a strong motivation, involving economic, social, and environmental objectives, to develop more sustainable and efficient freight transport systems. In this vein, horizontal collaboration has been largely studied, and its effectiveness and efficiency in freight transport have been proven in the recent literature (Pan et al., 2019). In particular, Collaborative Transport Networks are a horizontal collaboration solution attracting increasing attention. Given the important role of freight transport in logistics and the multiple, compounding challenges faced by actors, an innovative, effective, and sustainable management of transport services procurement is needful for the emerging new collaborative transport networks. Moreover, new collaborative incentive mechanisms and rules are required to manage interactions between all the independent stakeholders in such networks. This dissertation intends to explore collaborative mechanisms that manage the interactions between actors and guide the self-interested decisions of individuals toward an optimal global solution in such a way that these individuals are motivated to choose the optimal and rational solutions. This dissertation provides a picture of existing mechanisms for freight transport service procurement, challenges components of existing research, and provides ground for further research
Henri, Camille. "La Poste et les transports : la messagerie et l’apprentissage de la concurrence (1969-2003)". Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1061.
Texto completoOn the late 60s till the early 21st century, this thesis describes the issue of La Poste shipment, a focus on the dynamic large technical system and the historical network architecture starting inside the firm. This analysis reveals the considerable change inside La Poste across the years: the evolution of the shipment, the expertise and especially the way how they improve their business because of their competitors. All this lead them to develop their business in the messaging field and to restructure the way of packaging inside La Poste Group. This study reveals that their business has grown considerably over the years and that shipment research has contributed to give them the knowledge inside the company. One of the assumptions of this thesis considers that the historical approach has lead the group to improve their way of shipment and to develop a change strategy : it's the reorganisation inside the group, the internal restructuring of the shipment and messaging, and also the new definition of a relationship between this exceptional way of shipment and the whole world. The aim challenge of the operator is to be able to develop the business of the company trying to have a pole position on the market and insure a public service. This thesis also reveals that one of the major issues of la Poste by the past, was to develop their business and to be identified as one of the leader in this section. This fundamental change linked to the expansion of the shipment messaging, make us consider that the influence of the shipment experience and the competitors postal service had contributed to define the knowledge of the firm, we consider it as a major step for la Poste and allow us to get more curious on the competitor's learning since the late 1970s
Margail, Fabienne. "Les parcs relais, outils clés de politiques intermodales de déplacement urbain". Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENPC9633.
Texto completoMetropolisation, the result of the shifting patterns of concentration and expansion in populations and activities which have been affecting large French cities over the last twenty years, has been accompanied by major developments in lifestyle as well as structural changes in people’s daily travel needs. The individualisation of behaviours, the break-up of traditional forms of relationship, the spatial and temporal de-synchronization of rhythms have resulted in the dispersion of mobility flow over vast areas which tend to be globally appropriated by means of several public transport networks, or more often, the car. These developments have led to the exacerbation of traffic and parking problems in and towards the sectors of greatest density where the most efficient public transport networks are to be found. This is the socio-organisational background against which park and ride strategies, the aim of which is to organise the complementarity of public and individual means of transport, have been implemented in the agglomerations and regions of France. They represent three main types of challenge for their various potential developers between which a compromise with regard to their conception and management must be found : optimisation of profitability for the transport offer through an incease in users, the organisation of intermodality and modal transfers to cover a wider area, and the orientation of urban concentration to which they facilitate access, but on a wider scale, that of the functioning of urban regions, they establish a hierarchical model of network organisation within which a journey may be made using both public transport and the car, one after the other, each in the geographical area where its level of socio-economic efficiency is at its maximum. The comparison between the failures or mixed successes finally obtained in France and the experience both of countries with strong planning policies (Germany, Switzerland) and liberal countries (United States, United Kingdom), show us that technical, organisational and institutional innovations should be introduced at the location, design and operational stages of theses pivots in the modal chain, which are also interfaces with the region. At the same time, they shoul be intergrated into local tranport policies which must be placed at the centre of overall thinking on the functioning and future or urban areas
Menerault, Philippe. "RESEAUX DE TRANSPORTS ET SOLIDARITES TERRITORIALES EN MILIEU URBAIN". Phd thesis, Université Paris XII Val de Marne, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345150.
Texto completoDesmaris, Christian. "Le transport ferroviaire régional de voyageurs en France : à la lumière de la théorie néo-institutionnaliste et des comptes de surplus". Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00472091.
Texto completoFrétigny, Jean-Baptiste. "Les mobilités à l'épreuve des aéroports : des espaces publics aux territorialités en réseau : les cas de Paris Roissy-Charles-De-Gaulle, Amsterdam Schiphol, Francfort-sur-le-Main et Dubai International". Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010735/document.
Texto completoThis PhD questions the meaning of the experience of four main international airports: Paris Charles-De-Gaulle, Amsterdam Schiphol, Frankfort am Main and Dubai International. The main hypothesis is that these four hubs, far from being non-places, are on the contrary places of power and privileged laboratories to observe new relationships to place and to territory in mobility. These very complex places of interchange are analyzed through the lens of the nonidealized public spaces and through the actors at the heart of their day-to-day operations, in a comparative approach of the four field works. Airport public spaces prove to be powerful operators of visibility, intelligibility, performance and categorization of a very large spectrum of mobilities, such as touristic, business or transnational mobilities. Studying the design and the practice of these global places par excellence on a micro-scale, the PhD shows how much the experiences and the heterogeneous categorizations of mobilities are put to the test in these microcosms and make sense at a far larger scale than the one of these spaces themselves. This work stresses therefore the major role mobility places in the expression of powerful forms of individual and collective affirmation and segregation on the move. At the heart of globalization and metropolisation processes, airports turn out be revelators of the territorialities in network in construction through and in mobility
Drevelle, Matthieu. "Desservir les faibles densités par les transports collectifs routiers : des réseaux aux prises avec le territoire". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010634.
Texto completoThis Ph.D aims to show that french periurban areas are different each other : morphology and size of settlements differs according to which part of the country the city is in. A georgraphy of French periurban areas is proposed. Then the author compares periurban patterns with public transport costs that serve theses areas (using theoretical networks created for this work). It allows showing how some periurban patterns may be easier to serve with public transports than others. In a second time a case study is proposed for the agglomeration of Montpellier. This case study gives clues to understand new mobility patters in low density areas and the emergence of polarities outside of the historical city. These new urban dynamics highlights the need of a better organization between public transports and intercity public transportation : in fact networks have to adapted to maintain accessibility to urban amenities. These elements lead to adapt the concept of BRT to low densities areas
Emangard, Pierre-Henri. "L'efficacité commerciale et financière des transports publics urbains provinciaux". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523063.
Texto completoJouve, Bernard. "Coopération transfrontalière et services urbains en réseaux dans la région de Genève". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00519680.
Texto completoNait-Sidi-Moh, Ahmed. "Contribution à la modélisation, l'analyse et la commande des systèmes à événements discrets par les réseaux de Petri et l'algèbre (max, plus) : Application aux systèmes de transport". Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00467580.
Texto completoChandakas, Ektoras. "Modelling congestion in passenger transit networks". Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1011/document.
Texto completoA structural model is provided to capture capacity phenomena in passenger traffic assignment to a transit network. That has been founded on a bi-layer representation of the transit network : on the lower layer the model addresses each network sub-system (line, station and access-egress) separately, on the basis of specific capacity effects ; on the upper layer a leg-based representation is used with respect to the sub-systems' costs and operating characteristics to address the trip maker's path choices. We establish a novel framework for modelling capacity effects and develop the CapTA network model (for Capacitated Transit Assignment). It is systemic and modular and addresses in particular the following capacity phenomena, the in-vehicle quality of service is linked to the comfort of the passengers on-board. The occupation of heterogeneous comfort states (seats, folding seats and standing at different passenger densities) influences the perceived arduousness of the travel ; the vehicle capacity at boarding influences the waiting time of the passengers and their distribution to the transit services ; the track infrastructure capacity relates the dwelling time of the vehicles (and by extent the alighting and boarding flows) with the performance of the transit services and their service frequency. These phenomena are dealt with by line of operations on the basis of a set of local models yielding specific flows and costs. Accordingly, they modify the local conditions of a transit trip for each individual passenger. However, these should be addressed within the transit network in order to capture their effect on the network path choices; essentially the economic trade-offs that influence the choice between different network itineraries. Their treatment in a network level assures the coherence of the path choice. Equivalently, a station sub-model addresses specific capacity constraints and yields the local walking conditions, sensible to the interaction of the passengers in the interior of a station : the instant bottleneck created at the entry of the circulation elements delays the evacuation of the station platforms; the passenger density and presence of heterogeneous passenger flows slows down the passengers who circulate in the station; and the presence of real-time information influences the decision making process of the transit users exposed to. These effects do not only impact locally the in-station path choice, but most notably they modify the choices of transit routes and itineraries on a network level. The Paris Metropolitan Region provides an ideal application field of the capacity constrained transit assignment model. It is mainly used as a showcase of the simulation capabilities and of the finesse of the modelling approach. The transit network involves 1 500 bus routes together with 260 trains routes that include 14 metro lines and 4 light rail lines. Traffic assignment at the morning peak hour is characterized by heavy passenger loads along the central parts of the railway lines. Increased train dwelling, due to boarding and alighting flows, and reduction in the service frequency impact the route and the line capacity. The generalized time of a transit trip is impacted mainly though its in-vehicle comfort component. Detailed results have been provided for the RER A, the busiest commuter rail line in the transit network
Trevien, Corentin. "Four essays in empirical urban economics : evaluation of French regional policies". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0010/document.
Texto completoThis thesis evaluates four French urban and regional policies. It also covers three major issues in urban economics: the impact of transportation on the spatial distribution of employment and population, the elasticity of housing supply and urban segregation. First, the thesis focuses on the Regional Express Rail system. The improvement of public transport in the Paris region causes employment to grow in suburban municipalities. However, there is not effect on overall population growth but a possible gentrification effect nearby RER stations. Secondly, this thesis studies the role of high-speed rail in the spatial organization of multi-plant businesses. It shows that the reduction in travel time to their headquarters subsidiaries lead the affiliate to specialize in production activities, to the expense of management tasks. Then, this work assesses the impact of the French Urban Enterprise Zones. The first generation of this program have a massive impact on firm location and employment. However, it only slightly benefited to the local residents, highlighting a lack of targeting. The last chapter evaluates the effect of housing allowance on the level of rents and the supply of rental housing. It confirms that housing subsidies cause private rents to increase. The elasticity of housing supply remains low in the long term, since the upward effect does not vanish and the quantity and the quality of rental housing do not adjust
Chang, Chih-Hung y 張志鴻. "The algorithm for trip planning in multimodal public transport". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23430479261117660771.
Texto completo中華大學
科技管理博士學位學程
99
In recent years, many transit agencies developed the advanced transit trip information systems to help travelers make decision about the choice of route and departure time before they begin their trip. The trip planning described in this thesis can efficiently identify reasonable journeys. Trip planning methodologies could be implemented in future transit trip information systems. An effective trip planning would be of value to transit agencies or administrators due to the large number of different yet related characteristics of the transit network. In Taiwan, no successful trip planning exists owing to the fact that there are many transit options, including airlines, ships, intercity buses, rail, high-speed rail, local buses, and mass rapid transit. The purpose of this study is to develop an trip planning that will ensure that transit stops are accurately sequenced and integrated into appropriate route patterns, including schedule and route data, as well as intermodal transfer locations and multi-agency transit center walking directions. And utilize and carry out multi-thread, directionality of trip chain, maximum travel distance, hierarchical search algorithm, and at anytime algorithm can reduce and search the number of times effectively and accelerate the time of making mathematical calculations, and offer high-efficiency asking and solving quality. Secondly, a transit route guidance system (TROGUS), cause systematic adding value application. TROGUS based on the GPS smart phone will provide the walking directions from the origin to the transit stop, from on stop to another en-route, and from the final transit stop to the final destination, it also provide the route, stops, schedule of the transit to obtain the exact time of arrival of the bus, eliminating unnecessary waiting time by mobile device. TROGUS is combined with the graphic user interface (GUI) of mobile device, database server and application server to develop an integrated information system to reduce the barriers of transit travelers.
Petit, Jonathan. "L'espace public en réseau : une interprétation critique de discussions sur les politiques de transport à Montréal". Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17428.
Texto completo