Tesis sobre el tema "Rénovation urbaine – France – 19e siècle"
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Lapointe, Marie-France. "Une perception historienne contemporaine des grands travaux du Second Empire (1852-1870)". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24307/24307.pdf.
Texto completoIdoux-Renard, Benedicte. "Des pêcheurs dans la ville. En quête des quartiers maritimes entre sociétés portuaires et territoires urbains : Calais, Boulogne, Fécamp, Douarnenez, Concarneau (vers 1840 - 1914)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0033.
Texto completoCalais, Boulogne, Fécamp, Concarneau and Douarnenez. Presenting both similarities and differences, these five port observatories on the north-western French coast are the subject of a comparative history over a period dating back to the 19th century, from the1840s until the eve of the First World War. The fishing industry has organised these towns since their foundation, and has partially, and sometimes totally, determined their urban topography. It would appear that maritime districts, i.e., urban areas where populations whose activity is organised around fishing congregate, existed, even if it is necessary to retrace their evolution, contours and characteristics, whether material or symbolic. There, live men who earn their livelihoods from the sea by fishing inshore (sardine) or offshore (herring, cod), as do women who fish on foot, particularly when catches at sea are insufficient and their husbands' earnings are too low. Many of them work in fish processing workshops and then in canning factories. Together with other key players involved in maritime activities, these fishing families form maritime communities. The aim is therefore to identify and analyse the relationships that develop within these communities as well as with other city dwellers, and that decisively shape the urban morphology of these ports, while the social and economic transformations brought about by the Industrial Revolution disrupt the territories from the second half of the nineteenth century onwards. Those transformations, whether demographic, particularly in the towns of Finistère, where the number of inhabitants grows spectacularly, or economic, with ever-increasing catches of fish, the development of transport that enables more fish to be transported to places of consumption and the rise in canning in Brittany that is to make the fortunes of Douarnenez and Concarneau, significantly alter the spatial layout of these communities and their neighbourhoods. The cultural elements and then social protest that emerged at the turn of the century contribute to this effective plasticity. This work, which falls under social history and cultural geography, draws on documentation largely based on extremely diverse and widely scattered archives. It makes it possible to comprehend the reconfiguration of maritime districts which territoriality can inevitably be read on different scales. Linking history, society and territory thus allows multiple angles from which to establish an operational typology of maritime districts based on the five selected sites. At the end of this work, it seems that the hypothesis envisaged at the outset cannot be retained
Gaudin, Solène. "Villes moyennes et rénovation urbaine : discours et actions d’une transaction spatiale : exemples pris en Bretagne". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20044/document.
Texto completoThe National Urban Renewal Programme (NERP), launched by the Borloo law passed on 1 August 2003, was explicitly designed as an answer to strong social and urban issues: housing obsolescence of the HLM, concentration of population in space which are considered as impoverished areas, relegation and discrimination according to nationality or geographical origin. Calibrated to address problems of the difficult areas of large cities, its diffusion to all priority areas and towards small and medium-sized towns reflects the success of the formula, and, by the way, a special appetite for action and communication about these "maxi urban projects" sometimes oversized.Mobilising a proofreading of transaction theories, we have analysed the stories and speeches of local actors and policy maker involved in large-scale operations of urban renewal in mid-sized cities across Brittany. In sum, we ask when, how and on what basis repose the commitment of the public authorities in the choice of demolition and how to understand the massive support of medium-sized cities in this device? This includes developing interest, on the one hand, about the concepts of space including in these operations and, secondly, to evalue and ask the logic of the action of the programme
Bernard, Réjean. "Canaux de Paris et croissance urbaine : le cas de La Villette, 1800-1859". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29367.
Texto completoSanchez, Samuel. "Les règlements des Assemblées nationales 1848-1851 : l'ampleur de la rénovation de la légalité interne". Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32056.
Texto completoThe events of February 1848, somewhat, a revolution, bestow a change in political regime, and subsequently to the "Droit Public", affecting the top of the state structure as a result: the "Assemblée nationale". The rules she creates in ordre to control its interest, its internal legality in fact, are evolving quite considerably during the Second Republic. No longer can the new elected people's representatives ignore the past, but instead they must use the French institutional experience to put in place efficient work methods, better adapted to the new deliberating organ. Drawn in by this rejuvenating process, the entire juridical structure is unified during 1848 and 1851. The "Règlement Intérieur": the principal source of internal legality is also influenced progressively altered in three different ways by improving its contents, the object, and its decisiveness. The effects are indeed contained inside the representative body; however, they also affect the institutional balance. Those two aspects will thrive until the December 2nd, 1851, State Coup: the Third Republic Regime and the Parliamentary right will deeply suffer, somewhat, conditioned by previous Constituting and legislative National Assemblies of the mid nineteenth century performances
Moret, Frédéric. "Les socialistes britanniques et français et la ville : 1820-1850". Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070013.
Texto completoThe thought of british and french socialists ou the city is full of rural nostalgy. The city is the place of the social cuisis, of economic, sanitary, architectural disovder. Urban conditions of life ( lodging, eating, education. . . ) avec used as argument for the socialist ideas promotion. Community will offer to its in habitants everything the city doesn't offer. However, the city has a very inportant place in the socialist theory. It is the place of history, progress, science, culture. Socialist militantism is only urban. Through the urban question, some socialists ( and particularly the fourievists) move to a politic approach
Blanc, Nathalie. "La nature dans la cité". Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010509.
Texto completoThis research concerns the place allocated to nature in the citi today. We try to understand if the unsignificant role nature has in urban geography today extends to the thinking of the city. Besides we tempt to reintroduce nature in the geographical analysis through the study of the relation man animal
Bahk, Hyun-Chan. "L'îlot institutionnel à Paris : projets, formation des édifices publics et art urbain au XIXe siècle". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010556.
Texto completoDoutre, Marilyne. "Modalités de transformation de la ville au début du XIXe siècle en Auvergne : l'édifice public et son espace urbain, pouvoirs et conflits". Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082230.
Texto completoAfter the French Revolution, in-between the continuity of medieval urban models and the architectural urban changes in progress in the XVIIIth c. , town-councillors and architects managed to establish a new framework whose goal is to delimit the origin, development and limits of projects until the 1850's. The corpus of this study concerns the public buildings - whether departmental or municipal - and the town planning in the "chefs-lieux d'arrondissement" and in "departements". The study which includes the four "departements" of the Region of Auvergne, enables to make comparisons and to delimit areas corresponding to some programmes whose span goes beyond the administrative limits specified by the "departemental district". It also gets the measure of the influence of ancient juridictions and defines new areas - at stakes in urban conflicts. As a preliminary to the analysis of the architectural urban changes, the first part of the study is devoted to the institutional context and bounds with its various protagonists : the Ministry of the Interior, the "Conseil des bâtiments civils", "Préfets" and architects. The regulations are highly prevailing as well in the architectural aspects as in the urban ones ; the shape the way of conceiving and of intervening from the very design to the realization of the project. In the second part, the urban analysis shows the implementation, modalities and the setting up of public buildings. Thanks to epistolary documents, it aims at understanding the reasons which account for the choice of some specific site, of some architectural standpoint and to assess the urban repercussions. Lastly, the selected period is long enough to allow to appraise the evolution of the architectural work in its influence and style, taking into account what comes from the architects' studies and from the control of the project, mainly supervised by the "Conseil des bâtiments civils"
Cantaroglou, Frédéric Louis Marie. "Le rôle de l'industrie dans la mise en œuvre de la planification urbaine et de la planification territoriale en France de 1850 à 1946". Grenoble 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE29046.
Texto completoGuérin, Marianne. "La vie culturelle et artistique des villes champenoises de 1820 à 1870". Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040129.
Texto completoBetween 1820 and 1870 the towns of the Champagne region are both a witness to, and actors in, the evolution of cultural practices. The rise of knowledgeable societies, the establishment of libraries and museums, the reorganisation and affirmative role of theatres, contribute to the setting up of a dynamic cultural and artistic life. Society members, artists and local political powers associate to try to create cultural models which respond to the expectations of urban societies and political powers
Debofle, Pierre. "La politique d'urbanisme de la ville de Paris sous la Restauration". Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040172.
Texto completoDuring the 19th century, Haussmann was not the only man who transformed Paris and changed deeply the aspect of the French capital. Before him, indeed, several public works were realized during the reigns of king Louis XVIII and king Charles X. These public works, however, were often decided and undertaken by napoleon and his government and unfinished when he was obliged to abdicate. Such is the subject of this thesis, consisting of three parts: the first part is a description of Paris between 1814 and 1830, and of all the problems of a great city. The second part examines the conditions of city-planning: conceptions, institutions, rules and laws, financing, building sites and materials. The third part makes a survey of achieved public works with a special place for private initiatives. Documents and records, lists of alinements of streets and new roads, maps and illustrations, and a general index complete the text
Nourry, Louis-Michel. "Les jardins publics en province : un élément de la politique de l'espace du Second Empire". Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010615.
Texto completoFijalkow, Yankel. "Mesurer l'hygiene urbaine : logements et îlots insalubres : Paris (1850-1945)". Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0101.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is the study on the measurement of conditions of lodgings in paris between 1850 abd 1945 and its links with the public intervention against insalubrit. Different forms of statistics, medical topographies, sanitary states, census of 1891 and sanitary rack are investigated. The aim of this analysis is the study of the definition of concepts and result. We constats a same evolution in the juridical tools of struggle against the insalubrity, and the political representation of the unsanitary islets. This thesis shows in the considered period some successions of cycles of "intimistic" and "environnementalistic" thougt. This thesis shows how the urban contemporary studies concluded by adopting an intimistic perspective bad adapted to the elaboration of urban projects carrying on some districts or some whole islets
Efrat, Tomer. "L' objet naturalisé et la nature objectivée : curiosités urbaines et collections d'histoire naturelle en France (1830-1930)". Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0049.
Texto completoThe subject of this thesis is the study of natural history exhibitions and their development in France during the 19th century. In a time frame extending from the beginning of the 19th century to the commencement of the 20th century, we shall show the increasingly spectacular way in which natural objects were displayed. The dense visual milieu characteristic of the urban environment of the period introduced new norms and methods of display into museums and natural history collections. Furthermore, in the second half of the 19th century, the universal expositions, international events combining entertainment, science and mercantilism, provided an ideal space to exercise and emit new techniques for displaying scientific themes. The main author of these displays of natural history pieces is the scientific auxiliary, whose profession consists of transforming the specimens into objects for exhibition. In order to do this, he associates the sciences to the arts, thus playing an important role as a mediator between the scientific milieu and the public. Moreover, given the orientation of natural sciences towards experimental practice and more conceptual forms of representation, the scientific auxiliary is increasingly oriented towards the popular activities of society, such as the preparation of ornamental articles and the creation of wax cabinets and dioramas. As a result, on the eve of the 20th century, natural history museums actually became sites for show and amusement in the urban landscape
Lefort, Anne-Cécile. "L' usine en périphérie urbaine 1860-1920 : Histoire des établissements classés en proche banlieue parisienne". Paris, CNAM, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CNAM0416.
Texto completoIn the second half of the 19th century, the inner parisian suburb has been touched by a brutal development of industry. Under the weight of a strong demographic pressure, the inner north-east outskirt got violently urbanized, without physical planing or territorial organization. A large part of suburbanite industries produced classified goods coming under regulation established by the 15th october 1810 decree. This regulation has been enforcing for more than hundred fifty years. This regulation has been implemented in a specific way in the department of Seine. State and departmental authorities used it in order to discharge insalubrius activities and undesirable productions out of the capital. Prestigious parisian ambitions came true to the detriment of inner suburb. The north-east quarter received all kinds of productions needed by Paris and saw it landscape changing gradually. The inner suburb has been reacting to the situation little by little and denouncing it since 1880
Peccoud, Patricia. "Ville et délinquance : l'exemple de Grenoble au XIXe siècle (1789-1914)". Grenoble 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE21030.
Texto completoDepigny, Bertrand. "L’agencification et la recomposition des scènes locales d’action publique : L’Agence nationale pour la rénovation urbaine comme nouvelle bureaucratie technique ? : (France, début XXIème siècle)". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20100/document.
Texto completoOur PhD is focusing on the analysis of the process of creation of the French national agency for urban renewal (ANRU) and its effects on local scenes of public action. This work refers to an empirical work composed by two main scenes. The first one, the « Parisian » scene is constituted by the actors involved in the process of creation of the Agency. The second scene is based on the actors of the carrying out, whereas they were on each of the three local investigation grounds (Bourges, Lyon, Marseille) or inside the ANRU. This PhD proposes to analyze the urban public action towards two main entries. The first one goes back on the process of legitimation of a change imperative at the beginning of the creation of the ANRU. This process of legitimation would result from the representation of a problematic situation in the urban renewal area. The second entry supposes that this representation shapes the nature of the effects of the functioning logic of the ANRU we can observe during the implementation period. This work has for main direction the link with the phenomenon of bureaucratization which can be observed as well in the creation period as in the implementation stage. This PhD lets show that, under cover of an efficiency quest and the mobilization of an public action tool tinged with neomanagerialism, the functioning of the ANRU infers inertia and routines which go against the original aims of the ANRU. These effects put in relief a trend to bureaucratization the ANRU doesn't escape and that makes the local services of the State administration the first victims. The analysis highlights that, beyond this major consequence, the links between the central power and local authorities and the local politico-administrative regulation are rebuilt by the “agencification” of the urban renewal policy
Cochard, Nicolas. "Les marins dans la ville : gens de mer et société urbaine au Havre (1830-1914)". Caen, 2013. http://books.openedition.org/pur/46978.
Texto completoThis thesis aims at studying seafaring personnel and their families in the urban space of Le Havre in the 19th century. With the modernization of navigation, the local maritime population reorganized themselves during the studied period, combining the presence of already settled seagoing people with the arrival of thousands of " immigrants "who came to benefit from the maritime expansion of the city. The aim of the study is not only to find out about the origin of the sailors but also the way they mixed in the local society. We will try to define the degree of integration of the seafaring population within the urban space and in the society at Le Havre, in relation with the mechanization of navigation and the process of industrial revolution. We intend to study the seagoing population at the demographic, social, cultural and economic levels. This being said, the sailors at sea are not our main concern, but their life on land, taking into account, however, the specificities of sea-related trades. The aim of this work is to study closely the way the population of sailors in Le Havre constituted themselves through a period of deep change. Thanks to the registers of sailors, completed by information from civilian archives ( census, registrar's office ) , we will draw an evolutive portrait of a maritime population over 3 generations within a large harbour-city. The study of seamen provides an interesting access to look into the true face of urban societies, especially those of societies in large harbours at the time of mutations in navigation
Miane, Florent. "Images d'architecture et imaginaires photographiques, l'oeuvre d'Alphonse Terpereau (1839-1897) dans le Midi de la France". Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30029.
Texto completoFournier, Éric. "Paris en ruines (1851-1882) : entre flânerie et apocalypse : regards, acteurs, pratiques". Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010568.
Texto completoCharpy, Manuel. "Le théâtre des objets. Espaces privés, culture matérielle et identité sociale. Paris, 1830-1914". Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2007/document.
Texto completoThe study analyses the ways by which a social group consumed and produced a world of goods in order to shape its own social and cultural identity. With a view to reconstruct the social and cultural uses of things in a city which underwent deep commercial and spatial changes, the thesis identifies the nature and forms of the Parisian bourgeoisie’s consumption, through private and business archives. It studies how the bourgeois home was redefined in flat and in the growing city and how daily technology forged the bourgeoise’s private scenography and self-awareness. It studies then the material culture of 19th century Parisian bourgeoisie, understood as a set of signs and narratives designed by dealers and consumers, whilst industrialisation radically transformed the nature and hierarchy of materials and commodities. Finally, this work sheds light on phenomenons of imitation and distinction as social mobility increased and analyses how fashion trends came to being onto specific urban scenes, through the mediating role of taste legislators and the means of new forms of urban advertising
Puyau, Alain. "Croissance urbaine et politique municipale : l'image de Biarritz, station balnéaire (1831-1929)". Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30010.
Texto completoThis study analyses the genesis of Biarritz between 1831 and 1929 and focuses on the urbanization of the south west coast of France in relation to the development of sea bathing and holiday tourism. The urban growth of Biarritz, a site originally occupied by rather poor sailors-farmers, is so spectacular that one can speak of the birth of a “boomtown”. Indeed Biarritz, like Arcachon, develops in a rather rural area in less than half a century. This pattern of development makes Biarritz a sort of matrix for the “tourist fact” along the coast, granting neighboring towns with the economic benefits resulting from the influx of tourists, and implicitly encouraging them to invest in tourism. Economic prosperity gives mayors and local elected representatives resources significant enough to carry out the necessary investments. Broadly speaking, their program for the development of the resort is oriented more towards the maintenance and the functionality of the touristic space – the cleaning up and the lighting –than towards the increase of the clientele. This explains the role played by private operators in the promoting of Biarritz. As a matter of fact the reputation of Biarritz and of the municipal action is ensured with low expenditure by a popular imagery-the post card –and commercial products-travel guides and posters – which, in different ways, advertise the touristic facilities programmed and achieved by the municipalities
Bizien, Roland. "Une société urbaine relationnelle à la fin du XIXe siècle, Brest (1889-1915)". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0028.
Texto completoThe design of a town, Brest in this case, and the different places of their private and social lives have a strong impact on the relationships between people. Interpersonal relationships seem to be quite spontaneous. Yet, if we look closer, we can perceive they are dependent on some definite codes. The surge of violence, whether physical or symbolical, is part of them. The enforcement of law and order by the municipal police reveals the quality of the surveillance system on groups and places. Police watch is at its strongest during big social events. Police intervention is based more on prevention than on repression. In this society where scarcity gave way to an increasing purchasing power, esteem and respect are a priceless asset. If the relationships are worsening at times, this doesn’t foretell the disappearance of such qualities as solidarity and generosity. Violent behaviours seem to be only part of the normal relationships between people, at least in most social backgrounds. Can we link this violence simply to vile instincts ? On the contrary, it seems to be caused by life in society (it seems to be fundamentally social), when the impulsive nature of some people, the strategies of some other people and the need to respect some social norms lead to a clash. Some social mechanisms are more easily understood if we take into account the policies of reconciliation, the decisions of the court magistrates, and the community work sentences. They reveal a society that is organised into a strong hierarchy and structured by complex domination relationships. Despite the tensions and the blows given, the people who have been studied seem to be recognized through their social identities and their common cultures
Bertin, Ferlay Dominique. "Les transformations de Lyon sous le préfet Vaisse : étude de la régénération du centre de la presqu'île 1853-1864". Lyon 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO20062.
Texto completoTérade, Annie. "La formation du quartier de l'Europe à Paris : lotissement et haussmannisation (1820-1870)". Paris 8, 2001. http://octaviana.fr/document/181319055#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Texto completoSperoni, Christophe. "L' attraction urbaine en question : le déclin d'une capitale provinciale : Orléans XVIIIe-début du XIXe siècle". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010571.
Texto completoLequien, Isabelle-Marie. "Versailles 1830-1870, société et économie". Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040278.
Texto completoWith the upheaval of the French revolution and the fall of Charles the 10th, Versailles found itself in a critical situation. Its population dropped from 51000 inhabitants in 1790 to 28500 in 1831 and with the departure of the king there was also a sharp financial loss. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the city's reactions and the means used to enable its development. The first part of this work deals with censuses. The 1851's census has been closely examined to investigate the city's demographic and housing characteristics. We then analysed the administrative, religious and military organization. The municipality strengthened the town by aspiring to renewal and modernization through the policies of a succession of mayors political changes were welcome within opportunistic limits and as far as the mayors could protect their own interest. In spite of expanding ultramontanism the relationship between laic and religious authorities remained casual. Moreover the garrison maintained its determinative role on the city's growth. Several documents attest to economic activity. The characteristics of the working population were those belonging to stokeholders'city. They included few industries employing mainly temporary workers. Economic growth remained precarious and touristic activities were predominant. In the last part of our work we analysed aspects of everyday life, leisure, transportation, press, criminality and finally the response to historical events. […]
Duvette, Charlotte. "Les transformations de Paris étudiées à travers l'évolution de la maison urbaine de 1780 à 1810 : projets, publications et réalité bâtie". Thesis, Paris 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA01H001.
Texto completoThis thesis rethinks the relationship between the Parisian urban fabric and a lesser known form of architecture – the urban housing - that evolved between 1780 and 1810. This work sheds new light on forgotten practitioners, distinguishes the most widespread building practices and untangles the ties between the published images of houses and the realized buildings. The study observes the filling and densifying of the district divisions (lotissement) through subdivision (souslotissement) and their respective small real-estate transactions, that started at the end of the Ancien Régime. Renowned architects of those times were studied through the less visible part of their production, and their not so well known colleagues were treated as their equals, assuming that Michel Duval or Guireaud de Talairac produced buildings as appealing as the triad of Bélanger, Brongniart and Ledoux. The corpus study highlights the characteristics of these protean urban houses – such as terraces laid out as gardens and illustrate the adaptability of the architects. The abundance of pictures and commentaries on these buildings allows us to grasp the importance of these residences not only in the city but in the public space. This work fosters the re-evaluation of the unknown, understudied urban spaces, viewing them in a new perspective
Quadrio, Stéphane. "Cités : constructions, significations, appropriations, les aventures d'un mot et les divisions de la ville, Lyon, XIXe et XXe siècles". Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0135.
Texto completoThis thesis examines the links between the history of the french word "cité", the construction of four "cités" in Lyon, and the later interpretations of these projects and their name. It shows that the ways in wich cities and neighbourhoods are seen and represented are not static ; they are not built outside praxis that they would guide, but originate from within these praxis. The research suggests interactions between ordinary, professional and scholarly representations and questions the contribution of social sciences to the stigmatization of working class neighbourhoods
Dehon-Poitou, Françoise. "Nice - la fonction résidentielle et l'hôtellerie - : aspects culturels et socio-économiques 1860-1960". Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE2018.
Texto completoCaron, Jean-Claude. "La jeunesse des écoles à Paris, 1815-1848 : étude statistique, sociale et politique". Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010516.
Texto completoCaron, Caroline-Isabelle. "Insertion, intégration, appropriation : les migrantes à Paris pendant la première moitié du XIXe siècle". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28328.
Texto completoBlais, Nathalie. "Regards sur la ville sous la monarchie de Juillet : patrimoine architectural et modernité urbaine dans un espace en mutation". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H004.
Texto completoHeiress of seeds sowed since the French Revolution, the July Monarchy develops the bases of a cultural heritage policy in a context of urban revival. Cities begin a transformation process of their framework to answer the necessities of the public health and adapt itself to the socioeconomic changes. In this context, new forms of vandalism appear. Between preservation of monuments and public health-, various actors have to reach a consensus. Although criticized, the re-use appears as the best alternative. It is a question of reconciling the monuments of Ancient France with the imperatives of modern France. Of this denunciation of "beau percé", the defense of a face of the city, with the notion of urban landscape appears. Object of a local pride, the building constitutes an economic cultural capital. Landscapes and monuments constitute one of the main attractions and assets of a city. The government establishes three entities dedicated to historic monuments and favors the development of the learned societies. These actors, called "hussars of historic monuments", involve to the practices of Ancien Regime. In the face of a multi-form vandalism, they develop new modalities of management of buildings by taking into account several parameters, of which the integrity. Through their speeches, they invite in a new reflection on the place and the role of the historical monument in an urban space which regenerates in depth. To reach their goals, tools of popularization of the archaeology are set up and spread to train the new generation and contribute to an awareness
Tan, Lély. "La ville autoritaire : la métamorphose urbaine comme outil de légitimation politique : Shangai, (1990-2010), au regard du Paris du Second Empire, (1852-1870)". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0680.
Texto completoShanghai, neoliberal example or sui generis case? Is Shanghai urban metamorphosis unique case in the world, irreducible and idiosyncratic model? No because Haussmanian Paris under the Second Empire experienced the same transformation. By comparing the two cities, we have elaborated a new city category: the authoritarian city. It is the result of a process by combining three factors: 1, Authoritarian political system 2, Modernization economic policy 3, Ambitious urban strategy. Within this context, the Authoritarian city has to be seen as a legitimization way for the political power. Unlike researchers who explain the Shanghai urban transformation as an endogenous phenomenon (Friedmann 2006, Logan et Fainstein (dir), 2010) or a number of others who estimate it as a result of Chinese market liberalization, we advocate a more comprehensive overview. The Authoritarian model is taken account Chinese characteristics and place Shanghai urban path as a “more ordinary city”. Because temporary aspect Is essential in our framework and because contexts are parts of the Authoritarian city, we deliberately use process approach (Mendes et al. 2013). The phenomenon is a whole process and cannot be separated from the economical, political or social contexts
Quesne, Lionel. "De l'insalubrité à l'hygiénisme, émergence politique d'une problématique environnementale : L'exemple du Mans". Le Mans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEMA0004.
Texto completoIn the last 20 th century, the advanced industrial societies seem to discover that the environnemental degradations caused by their diverse rejections could compromise the health and even the population's survival. The aim of this thesis is to make the archeology of this environnemental problematic, to excavate the conditions of its possibility and recognition. The corpses were the very first remnants to be thaught as a problem. Especially from the second part of the 18 th century, the smell of their decay was suspected to bring death. By a play of analogies, doctors and chimists set an identity among all the stinks and mortal power of the corpses was extended to human concentration, excrements and all the refuses which overflowed the town. The doctors established not only a diagnosis but also they suggested some cures. The evacuation of all springs of miasmas and the improvement of the circulation of air composed the two main poles of their urban therapy. However, at the end of the 18 th century, their wide programm of reform would have been applied by very little, which would attest the weak impact of their discourse with the political power. From that moment, conquering this power mattered. The strategy mainly consisted in translating the sanitary discourse into a language of order. But yet, the economical stakes composed an obstacle to the recognition of this new hygienic discourse. The intervention of the cholera, unexpoected ally, would have to be waited for, to begin imposing itself.
Large, Pierre-François. "Sociologie d'un espace urbain : du marché au Forum des Halles". Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070039.
Texto completoThis research work is devoted to the sociological study of a Parisian site, namely the district known as "les halles", from the time of the very first market to an in depth observation of today's "forum des halles". It will first consider relevant architectural, political and socially historical elements in the development of this site, especially those concerning the construction of the Baltard pavilions, their destruction and the subsequent replacement by the present forum. Furthermore, this research comprises a thorough examination of the forum itself, including a description and definition of its users along with their utilization and organization of the area. In conclusion, it will consider the importance of the forum to the commercialization of urban Paris
Aubé, Carole. "La naissance du Sentier : l'espace du commerce des tissus à Paris dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0168/document.
Texto completoLocated in the very heart of Paris, the SENTIER which prevails in the second half of the 19th century as the most active center of the business of international trade of fabrics, built itself in the continuity of a " former SENTIER " which has its origins in the first half of the 19th century. Relying on the Almanachs of the Trade of Paris to reconstruct the economic infrastructure of this space, we were able to highlight the characteristics of this first socio-economic group and the increasing centrality of the Montmartre neighborhood in the trade of fabrics. Located at the edge of the places of the "new Parisian modernity ", this district became the central point of the wholesale fabrics trade, led by an important trade firmly established in the streets of the Sentier, Saint Fiacre and Jeuneurs. It mainly concerns, at the beginning of the century, the trade of articles of cotton cloths and shawls, joined from 1830s, by the sale of laces, merino fabrics and fashionable fabrics. In our search to seize all the elements in action in the identity construction of this original space, the exploitation of diverse sources, such as the cadastral sources, the composition of electoral rolls or the notarial archives, allowed us to restore a precise image of these dynamics to express the importance of this professional sphere and its multiple consequences on the physical and social space of this district
Bán, David. "La gare en tant que porte sociale de la ville". Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0077.
Texto completoThe present study focuses on various ways by which the social sciences have approached the phenomenon of the railway station. By examining different branches of the social sciences the author presents the railway station in its man y aspects -political, historical, symbolic and architectural. The study aims at understanding how the social sciences approached the railway station both from a methodological and an epistemological viewpoint. It answers these questions by presenting and analyzing the most important French and Anglo-Saxon historical, urbanistic, sociological and anthropological works on the subject. When dealing with the railway station, historians often take into account only its architectural history or its economical or political aspects. Sociologists, on the other hand, observe everyday uses of the railway station without considering their historical development. As for town planners, they are mostly interested in the problem of how to situate the railway station in the urban infrastructure. But urban anthropology, with its holistic point of view combined with its ethnographic methods, tries to provide a wider perspective. It’s aim is to understand the railways station as a social space having its own coherence as well as a place of individual and unique appropriations. The present work opens the possibility of developing future studies on Hungarian railway stations. The author considers using the works analyzed to initiate discussions on the large-scale reconstructions currently going on in Budapest and thereby suggests that the railway station should be conceived as a place-in-movement
Hernandez, Pulgarin Jose Gregorio. "Renaissance" à Montpellier et "refondation" à Pereira : invocations mythiques et conceptions du temps dans des opérations d'urbanisme en France et en Colombie". Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1101.
Texto completoMontpellier (France) and Pereira (Colombia) are two intermediate cities where large scale urbanism operations have taken place since the mid-twentieth century. In Montpellier, the urban development operation called Port Marianne, and Pereira the urban renewal operation called Ciudad Victoria, were made with the objective of solving certain urban problems, but also with the hope of radically transforming the economy of both cities. In this research, I propose to analyze the way in which these urban operations are presented as legitimate realizations by those who build the cities both materially and through representatives, that is, the city producers: city administrators, urbanists, architects, the press, etc. However, I do not intend to deal with technical, political or economic reasons that might legitimize these operations. I propose to analyze certain cultural devices that are put to work in order to demonstrate that these operations are necessary, or even more, indispensable. The devices analyzed here are two kinds. On one hand are the mythic, ideological, and identity devices that are put to work in order to demonstrate that the operation must take place. For example, an urban operation might be thought of as a source for the redefinition of the city identity that is consistent with the ideological expectations around interurban competitiveness. On the other hand, I propose to analyze the concepts of past, present and future time, the temporalities that are presented throughout the discourse as sources of legitimacy of urban operations. In this way, certain notions relative to time like those related to tradition, city crises, development, progress, or modernity, are used by the city producers to demonstrate that the operations must be done because they are consistent with the historic and temporal sense of the city and because they respond to the expectations of development. The comparison of the fictions created by the legitimation discourse of a cultural or temporal nature is done by using an analysis perspective that is close to Anthropology in conceptual terms, and an eclectic perspective of methodologies
Jusseaume, Anne. "Soin et société dans le Paris du XIXe siècle : les congrégations religieuses féminines et le souci des pauvres". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0060.
Texto completoIn the nineteenth century, sisters of charity were at the core of the Parisian health system. This thesis analyses the identity and the social activities of these women who shared a religious commitment and a caring apostolate towards the poor of Paris. Vocation, which resulted from a choice by young women and the religious institution, was a way for these women to find a place in public space and in the workplace. It enabled them to assert themselves as individuals, undermining paternal authority and legitimating the expression of a desire. Cornerstones of the public health system and figures of charity, the nuns accompanied the growth of both. Their care of the poor and their devotion justified their claim to be recognised as socially useful in a context where French society was confronted by the new problem of widespread poverty and by the countervailing effects of dechristianization. Paradoxically, republican secularization would confirm their presence in the capital’s caring and charitable system. The sisters undertook training to new medical standards at the same times as they tried to maintain a ‘Christian singularity’ in the world. The care that the sisters provided played a role in the medicalization of society but nonetheless remained part of a strategy of religious reconquest. Their apostolate would reveal that society’s health and religious needs rested on a ‘care of the self’ and a need for attention. This ’care of the self’ was also a way for the nuns to reconcile the lay and religious aspects of their mission. Thus, sisters of charity could adapt themselves to modernity by articulating worldly preoccupations with a spiritual imperative
Prieur, Florent Marcel. "Dompter une ville en colère : Genèse, conception et mise en œuvre de la police d’État de Lyon 1800-1870". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20076.
Texto completoThe law of 19th June 1851 which establishes state control over the police of Lyon marks a major break in the history of urban policing in France. Since the French Revolution, mayors were in charged of the police in all the French municipalities, Paris excepted. From 1851, Lyon thus became an exception. Because it differenced itself by its recurring revolts since the end of the XVIIIth century, because it is considered as the capital of the southeast-part of France and because its population appeared unanimously as refusing any kind of domination, it was considered as a rebel city. During the "people’s spring" marked by the regular uprisings of the partisans of the democratic and social Republic, in June, 1848 then in June, 1849, Lyon became for the authorities, the headquarters of all those who wanted to turn upside down social order in France and even in Europe. Yet, during this period, the police of Lyon gave daily proofs of a total failure to fight criminality, in spite of a general reorganization tempted in autumn 1848.In reaction, the Parisian power gradually put Lyon "outside the common law". The city and its suburbs were firstly deprived of their national guards in July 1848, unlike the other municipalities, because its guards were perceived, between the Rhône and the Saône, as weak in front of riots and quick to turn around against the army and the police. On June 15th 1849, a new uprising burst in Lyon. Repressed by the army, it engaged the general reform of the administrative and police organization of the city and the suburbs. Lyon and the five departments of the 6th military division had immediately been are placed and maintained under state of siege. Firstly tried in autumn 1849, the reform succeeded with the law of 19th June 1851. From then on, Lyon had a state-controlled police, in the hands of the prefect of the Rhône who became a prefect of police, acting in a new administrative entity, the Lyon agglomeration, which included a dozen municipalities and suburbs. The decree of March 24th, 1852 made this reform succeed, by suppressing the mayor and by attributing its functions to the prefect, by annexing the suburban municipalities and by dividing the city into five districts. On the police plan, services were reorganized until 1854, on the basis of the models of Paris, London and Geneva.The State police of Lyon crossed the Second Empire and became the model from which the polices of the prefectures of more than 40 000 inhabitants passed under state control in 1855. Nevertheless, the State police is contested during the 1860s, in the Legislative Corps and the General Council of the Rhône. The republican asked for the restoration of an elected municipality in Lyon, seen as the first step of the return of the city in the police "common law". Gradually, political surveillance of the urban space became increasingly difficult, and the police staff seemed insufficient. Nevertheless, it was the defeat of Sedan that would mark the end of the State police. Once the Republic had been proclaimed, the municipality of Lyon just recomposed took back immediately the direction of the police on September 4th, 1870
Kaboli, Mohammad Hadi. "Operational research on an urban planning tool : application in the urban development of Strasbourg 1982". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01057695.
Texto completoXu, Chong. "Construction d’une administration de sécurité : défense et maintien de l’ordre public dans la Concession française de Shanghai, 1849-1919". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0011.
Texto completoThis doctoral thesis focuses on a question that has been little studied by the historiography of modern China but that is nevertheless fundamental to the understanding of imperialism in the modern history of this nation. By positioning itself at the intersection of three historiographical camps that are connected and yet distinct—urban history, the history of empires, and the history of the forces of law and order—this thesis will seek to emphasise the idea that the circulation of the skills and knowledge-base of a modern state were an example of “statecraft” within the city of Shanghai, which occupied an intermediary position between the European empires and the Chinese state. The primary focus of the thesis is the issue of defence and the maintenance of public order in the French Concession of Shanghai as being indicative of the relations that existed between the French and local authorities, the possible tensions between the empires, the administrative hierarchy of the French Empire on the ground, and the distribution of the power of military command between the civil and military authorities. The objective is to shed light on the shaping of the municipal administration of Shanghai before the establishment of the Kuomintang municipal authority in 1927 on three levels: what form did relations between the three municipalities within the city take? How did the French authorities build a security administration on the ground? Lastly, how did this security administration respond to the challenges of war and military conflict?