Tesis sobre el tema "Religion et sciences – 17e siècle"
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Flipo-Agneray, Isabelle. "Angelus Silesius ou le discours contre la méthode". Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040044.
Texto completoAngelus Silesius, the last heir german mysticism, was at the convergence of 17th century negative theology and spiritual research. In a Europe in the middle of technical and cultural development, confronted by a crisis of civilisation and values, its modernisation deliberately curtailed by contradictory ideological interests, disrupted by science and the new cosmologies, silesian spirituality appeared as a counter-discourse to all forms of extremism, political or religious. The word of tolerance in opposition to the dogmatism of the time and the spirit system, the wisdom of Angelus Silesius, sometimes passionate, always fascinating, offered neither a formula nor a method for getting to the truth. It was by abandoning the plan to master the universe, forcing one to think that Man was at war with God or with himself, that the Angel of Silesia's belief defends not the established order, but rather teaches each person to follow the intuition of his consciousness. Preferring the impasses of Progress to his illusions, and refusing to introduce determinism in divine knowledge, the work of Silesius does not claim to liberate Man, nor his body nor his spirit. But seeing in Man, first and foremost, a being of desire, it is by assuming fully his nature that the thinker teaches him to make his way to real freedom
Armogathe, Jean-Robert. "Theologia cartesiana : physique et théologie en Europe au XVIIème siècle". Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010601.
Texto completoThe present dissertation is an introduction to the system of the world, from Copernicus to Newton. The author studies first the status of method as order in Melanchthon and Suarez ; then he shows how theological concepts have been worked out in an epistemological context: vacuum, time, substance are studied with the helpp of theological tools : the empyreum, the aevum, the Eucharist. From the physica sacra, which is a transposition of the scriptures into a scientific scheme (comenius), to the religiophilosophica of cotton mather, xviith century science is built in a religious and metaphysical context. Nor does cartesianism stand aside, being absorbed by the dutch universities in order to fight for new scholasticism and being attacked as theologia cartesiana
Daled, Pierre-Frédéric. "L'Université libre de Bruxelles et la religion: spiritualisme et matérialisme au XIXème siècle". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212275.
Texto completoVolpe, Tony. "Science et théologie dans les débats savants de la seconde moitié du XVIIe siècle : la Genèse dans les Philosophical Transactions et le Journal des Savants (1665-1710)". Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE5017.
Texto completoIn the 17th century, in the « Republic of Letters », the communication was facilitated by the foundation in 1665 of both first scientific periodicals: Journal des Savants in Paris and Philosophical Transactions on London. A statistical analysis in the fields of the astronomy, mathematics and physics, from 1665 until 1710, shows that both periodicals underwent a divergent evolution. Then their comparative study, through connections between the Genesis and the science, allows to analyse the difference between the French and English erudite circles in the reception of the works and in the perception of the ideas expressed there
Pizanias, Nadia. "Les débats sur le Déluge au XIXe siècle : géologie et religion en France, Italie, Allemagne et Grande-Bretagne". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010560.
Texto completoCrettaz-Nédey, Corinne. "L'économie des Pensées de Pascal : un itinéraire spirituel". Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040077.
Texto completoIn Pascal's Pensées, the knowledge matter is the point from which the seventeenth century anthropocentric view of the world -embodied in Montaigne and Descartes- turns to a christocentric one inherited from the Pauline and the Augustinian theology. The working on the conversion of the Pascalian Apologetics is a process that [I] reveals this spiritual path that turns the homo interior of the Philosophy and Sciences into [II] this homo viator, who is finally conceived as a fallen being since the original sin, to become [III] a homo religious thought as a membrer of the Christ's Body with a metamorphosed heart. The Pascalian recusation of the Self and of the Reason is coupled with a recusation of the Philosophy in aid of the Theology that will act on restoring the Human Being to his middle position between the two infinites and on reaching God and Sense with the knowledge that the Hermeneutics of scripturary message of the Church gives
Joalland, Michael. "Isaac Newton et le désenchantement du cosmos : de l’iconoclasme en philosophie naturelle au XVIIe siècle". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL025.
Texto completoIsaac Newton stated in his conclusion to the Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (1687) : “Idolaters imagined that the sun, moon, and stars, the souls of men, and other parts of the world were parts of the supreme God, and so were to be worshipped, but they were mistaken.” The famed mathematician correspondingly observed in the conclusion of his treatise on Opticks : “And no doubt, if the worship of false gods had not blinded the heathen, their moral philosophy would have gone farther than to the four cardinal virtues; and instead of teaching the transmigration of souls, and to worship the sun, and moon, and dead heroes, they would have taught us to worship our true Author and Benefactor.” The modern reader may ask : Why conclude two treatises that are fundamentally mathematical in nature with these theological considerations?Part of the answer lays in an uncompleted manuscript by Newton titled “The Philosophical Origins of Pagan Theology” (Theologiæ gentilis origines philosophicæ), a treatise on the history of religions comprising more than 130.000 words on about 200 folios. Newton’s claim therein is that the cosmology of the Ancients was in essence theological since it partly proceeded from the belief that the souls of the deified ancestors of mankind had been projected into elements of the cosmos. This catasterisation of early men was, in Newton’s eyes, the actual origin of stellar animism, star worship, and astrology. Thus, the original fall of man into idolatry corrupted both true religion and the right understanding of natural philosophy, as the intrinsic animism of oriental cosmologies was the philosophical counterpart of pagan astrolatry. Restoring pure worship and true science required, therefore, that elements of the cosmos be first desacralized.In this work, I will first identify the sources and characterize the exegetical principles behind the treatise on Origins. I will then examine the Newtonian historiography of the origins and dissemination of pagan physicotheology, from the beginning of star worship in ancient Egypt to the emanationist doctrines taught by Medieval schoolmen. I will then show how Newton’s own system of the world presented itself as a disenchanted alternative to the animistic cosmological beliefs of the Ancients. I will eventually trace the roots of Newtons’s iconoclastic ethos which characterizes much of his theological and philosophical writings. To this end, I will consider the sources of influence that bore upon Newton’s upbringing in relation to the religious contentions which divided the Reformed milieu he grew up in. I will eventually argue that the author of the Principia meant indeed to desacralize the cosmos to meet the demands of an austere and uncompromising monotheism
Lobry, Bellamy Stéphanie. "L'échec du règne de Jacques II en Angleterre (1688) et en Irlande (1690) : analyse d'une personnalité mise en contexte". Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00951750.
Texto completoLibral, Florent. "Une forme d’écriture entre rhétorique, savoirs optique ou perspectif, et religion : la similitude visuelle (1600-1666)". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20118.
Texto completoThe “similitude visuelle” (“visual simile”) is a form of comparison – written as a parallel – important in religious prose and poetry in France between 1600 and 1666. This comparison creates a link between physical phenomenons of light and vision on one side, and a religious matter on the other side. This figure keeps improving its scientific and religious components, and at the same time follows the evolution of Science, Rhetorics and main theological currents, which means the “similitude visuelle” is open to its society. However, the “similitude visuelle” gets scarce until the 1660 decade. This work aims at understanding why a figure which is able to renew its scientific foundations has to face such a decline. In reality, the “similitude visuelle” is dying because the mere idea of a likeness between material and spiritual realities is in contradiction with the evolution of Seventeenth Century Culture. As a matter of fact, authors who use this form believe that the science of Optics can be useful to religion, whereas the two domains are getting loose; the “similitude visuelle” assumes that the world is full of signs of the divinity, whereas theology, under a strong Augustinian current, is giving up this idea. Gradually, similitude must leave its first aim, which was God’s knowledge, in order to become a tool for religious moralists, which is the first step towards the secularisation and the death of this figure
Pauvros, Céline. "La raison et la nation : Charles-François Dupuis (1742-1809), historien des religions et républicain : itinéraire sociale, politique et intellectuel d'un pholosophe à la fin des Lumières". Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0033.
Texto completoProfessor at the Collège de France, member of the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres and of the Institut de France, the deputy Charles-François Dupuis (1742-1809) is best known for his major work, thé Origine de tous les cultes, ou Religion universelle (III-1795). Dupuis' main theory states that all ancient and modern religions are initially related to the worship of stars and first astronomical observations. His work influences later studies in comparative mythology and his critique of Christianity provides useful weapons to anticlerical people. In order to understand the reasons of this legacy, our thesis wishes to explore the scholarly and political context in which Dupuis developed his studies in religious history, from his early works in 1779 to the publication of the Abrégé de l'Origine de tous les cultes in 1798, and to assess more precisely the relationship between his scholarly researches and his political activism during the French Revolution. After having described the social and intellectual background of the author, we present the debates aroused by his first research including the controversy over historical chronology. Then, we study Dupuis' political activities during the revolutionary period, his participation to the creation of the republican calendar and the establishment of the « republican schools ». Finally, we study the first reading of his ideas (diffusion, translations, rebuttals and censorship). In this context, the Abrégé de l'Origine de tous les cultes -written after the Coup of 18 Fructidor, Year V (1797) -, appears to be primarily a political manifesto defending the separation between religion and state
Dubois, Bruno. "Réalité et imaginaire, le Japon vu par le XVIIIème siècle français". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843582.
Texto completoCourant, Elsa. "Poésie et cosmologie dans la deuxième moitié du XIXème siècle : nouvelle mythologie de la nuit à l'ère du positivisme". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEE042.
Texto completoSince Antiquity, there has been a close relationship between poetry and cosmology. We can perceive the coevolution of these two disciplines in a wide range of different poetic forms: mythological tales, versified didactic treatises, or versified cosmological hypotheses on the structure of worldly existence. Nineteenth-century France witnesses particularly intense debates about the nature of both poetry and cosmology, however, and the functions of these two disciplines increasingly merge, especially after Romanticism. The cosmos assumes a new relevance as both the subject of scientific investigation and poetic creation. In this period of history, crucial scientific discoveries change our perception of the skies and give rise to the modern science of cosmology, based on the principles of mathematics and astrophysics. The legitimacy of both poetry and cosmology is tested by positivist discourse, as the definition of scientific methods change and the hierarchy between science and literature is inverted. This study shows the importance of this historical context in the dialogue between poetry and cosmology. Focusing on this crucial historical turning point, this thesis sheds a new light on various major issues that French poets faced in the second half of the twentieth century: the poetic quest for a totalizing form, the difficulties posed by the didactic genre, the value of domains of knowledge and literature, the question of the religious mission of poetry, and the renewal of mythology at the time
Vileno, Anna Maria. "A l'ombre de la kabbale: philologie et ésotérisme au XVIIe siècle dans l'oeuvre de Christian Knorr de Rosenroth". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209259.
Texto completoMa thèse de doctorat porte sur la kabbale chrétienne et sur ses rapports avec son homologue juive au 17e siècle. Je travaille en particulier sur un kabbaliste chrétien de la fin du 17e siècle, Christian Knorr von Rosenroth et son anthologie de kabbale chrétienne intitulée la "Kabbala denudata". L’œuvre reflète les débats philosophiques et religieux du 17e siècle (avec notamment des collaborations d’Henry More et de l’alchimiste belge François Mercure van Helmont), comporte de nombreuses traductions d’ouvrages de kabbale lourianique ainsi qu’une édition bilingue (araméen - latin) du Zohar. D’une part, l’étude de la "Kabbala denudata" permet de mieux comprendre la manière dont la kabbale lourianique a été reçue en Europe au 17e siècle. D’autre part, l’anthologie atteste d’une pratique de la "philosophia perennis" qui s’inscrit dans le prolongement de la Renaissance. À travers la pratique du symbolisme, l’auteur construit une nouvelle forme de rapports avec l’orthodoxie religieuse de son temps et ouvre la voie à une compréhension approfondie de l’altérité religieuse. Mes recherches s’inscrivent tant dans le domaine de l’étude des relations judéo-chrétiennes que de l’étude de l’ésotérisme.
Doctorat en Philosophie
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Andretta, Elisa. "Le scalpel de Pierre : médecine et médecins à Rome au XVIe siècle". Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0065.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with physicians and medicine in 16th century Rome. The medical community in Rome can be taken as a useful model for the redefinition of the medical world century and of the forces which interact in it. The research undertaken situates itself at the crossroads of various types of historiography. The thesis intends to shed some light on the professionalisation of medicine in the specific context of patronage by popes and cardinals. Rome, an urban centre, the centre of the Papal States and the centre of Christendom constitutes a laboratory, a centre of diffusion and a relevant model for shedding more light on a period characterised by an explosion of activity and a reconfiguration of status, methods and topics in medicine in general. This project represents a work on the social and political history of science, dealing with the Catholic world and its centre, as well as its capacity to redefine the medical knowledge it possesses by acquiring and integrating new practices
Kirschleger, Pierre-Yves. "Approches de l'apologétique chrétienne dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle en France". Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30034.
Texto completoDuring the 19th century apologetics tried to defend the faith and the Christian beliefs against new attacks : the expansion of materialism and positivism, the progress of sciences, the development of the critical and independent exegesis (which famous example is Life of Jesus of Ernest Renan (1863). . . Although Renan and fellow rationalists maintained that they represented true philosophy, Christian apologists waren't incompetent and their discourses not obsolete: they presented reasoned arguments and refutations of the rationalist speculations. The confrontation with the culture of the time is sometimes difficult but fertile: the apologists are developing a moral demonstration of the Christian truth. The autor analyses the french apologetic discourses, theories and methods in the second half of 19th century, the works of Pastor Edmond de Pressensé (1824-1891) and of the catholic magistrate Auguste Nicolas (1807-1888)
Champion, Julie. "Le cheminement de la parole libertine". Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040160/document.
Texto completoIt seems that libertinism has always been misread, distorted and regarded as a movement with a limited scale. However, even if the establishment of the notion of libertinism was based on the negative vision spread by its detractors, it was actually a strong ideology, philosophy and style that was often misunderstood because the libertins always denied all kind of dogma. Therefore, they do not propose a philosophical model but a way of thinking in which the reader has to figure one’s own vision of the world as well as an ideal model of life and wisdom. This continuity was revealed by the contemporary criticism of the libertins from the seventeenth century, that we name “Scholars” since the thesis developed by René Pintard in 1943. But the chronology divides the movement in two periods and denies the possibility of a continuity between the libertine authors from the seventeenth century and those from the eighteenth century, regarded as minors authors. Through the study of four libertine pieces from the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries (Les États et Empires de la Lune et du Soleil by Cyrano de Bergerac, Dom Juan by Molière, Thérèse philosophe by Boyer d’Argens and the three versions of Justine by Sade) and through their comparison with the stakes of libertinism defined by the theoretical texts and criticism, this continuity is highlighted and studied in five fundamental ways : refusal of beliefs, the promotion of a scientific approach, putting common values in perspective, the existence of a materialistic hermeneutics and the constitution of a political, social and philosophical ideal
Wagner, Jacques. "Lecture et société dans le journal encyclopédique de Pierre Rousseau (1756-1785)". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF20005.
Texto completoReputed to be indifferent to the literary demands of truth, good, and the beautiful, and doomed to a short-lived existence, the periodicals of the ancien regime served as passive mediums for documentary researches or statistical inquests until the "rhetorics of reading" unveiled various forms of enunciation and active cultural functions. Influenced by such trends this study aims mainly at throwing light on the working modes of a "reading machine". As a means of diffusion the periodical was also an instrument of conscious selection of catalogued books. The statistical inventory of its "library" reveals that the universe of extracts fashioned a picture of a culture including both current and traditional ideas as if the writers sought to placate the intellectual spheres by allying the search for novelty and the assertion of established truth. This hypothesis is examined in the course of an exhaustive analysis of the religious library of the j. E. The extracts gave the readers a picture of books which evolved between 1756 and 1785 from tormented insolence to the ease of conciliation. Such distorting work is quite noticeable in the three modes of reading that I have distinghished, namely, attenuation, deviation, and censorship, all three intended to facilitate the integration of contemporary works into an enlightened culture. The work of adjustment achieved by the j. E. Writers implied a model, that of a welcoming and pacified society in which the religious question would be settled, and learnt on a juridico-political discourse tinged with "richerism", humanitarianism, and tolerance. The standard extracts stands half way between the alienated word and pure thought. As a strategic mode of writing bearing the hallmark of the ethics of the lightened "honnête homme", and troubled by the rifts affecting the French nation, the j. E. Endeavoured to tighten the social web by promoting the communication between the opposite poles of the individual and the community, those of subjectivity and the norm, those of history and memory
Grange, Juliette. "Du fétichisme au positivisme : science, politique, religion : l'oeuvre d'Auguste Comte". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010555.
Texto completoDaled, Pierre-Frédéric. "Le matérialisme occulté et la genèse du sensualisme: histoires écrite et réelle de la philosophie en France". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211068.
Texto completoOcculted Materialism and the Genesis of « Sensualism ».
Histories, Written and Real, of Philosophy in France
This thesis reveals the historic schemes and the intentional occultations of materialism as imposed in France by the uniform conceptions of the writing of the history of philosophy of Degérando, Cousin and Damiron. Beside the anti-materialism generalized by the early nineteenth-century historians of philosophy, with the exception of Paul-Marie Laurent, the author also underlines the genesis of their conceptual innovations :the appearance, between 1801 and 1804, through Kant and Villers, of the doctrinal category of « sensualism », at that time unheard of in France. The effects of both omissions and innovations are still affecting us today. Forgetting them brings about a good bit of anachronisms.
Agrégation de l'enseignement supérieur, Orientation philosophie et lettres
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Estanove, Laurence. "La poésie de Thomas Hardy : une dynamique de la désillusion". Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20059.
Texto completoBecause of the grandeur and popularity of his novels, Thomas Hardy's poetry is often disregarded; yet paying due attention to his verse is also central, if not fundamental, to the understanding of the workings of his multifaceted writing. The dark irony which is so characteristic of his prose also colours his poetry, and even gives it strength and cohesion: in the semi-fictional land of Wessex that shapes both novels and poems, the fatally disappointing shift from dreams to reality actually builds up the dynamics of disillusionment, between hope and failure. In that seemingly paradoxical idea of an active form of disenchantment, of a violent awakening of consciousness both painful and enlightening, Hardy shows his commitment to the concerns of his time, depicting as he does the “ache of modernism” that the rise of science and decline of faith created. His poetry of disillusionment thus offers an immediate illustration of the major ideological and socio-cultural turmoil which accompanied in Europe the transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth century – a transition shaping the very texture of his poetic language, between tradition and modernity
Méril-Bellini, Delle Stelle Anne-Laure. "Caritas et familiaritas à l'ombre du Seigneur : les relations des mulieres religiosae des Pays-Bas méridionaux du 13ème siècle avec leur entourage". Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00753893.
Texto completoCharansonnet, Alexis. "L'université, l'Eglise et l'Etat dans les sermons du cardinal Eudes de Châteauroux (1190 ? - 1273)Université Lumière Lyon 2, octobre 2001". Phd thesis, Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2001/charansonnet_a.
Texto completoLejeune, Guillaume. "Les dialectes de la dialectique: sens et usage du langage chez Hegel". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209751.
Texto completoDans la première partie, nous avons reconstruit la théorie implicite du langage à partir des occurrences du thème et de la structure de la philosophie hégélienne. Après une étude génétique et systématique du langage chez le philosophe, nous avons abordé le rapport du langage à la logique. Nous avons alors montré que Hegel essaye moins de construire un langage pour la pensée comme c’est souvent le cas dans les formalismes logiques que de montrer comment la pensée se fait discours dans le langage. A l’issue de cette première partie, il est donc apparu que le langage était moins étudié comme un objet à décrire analytiquement que comme l’élément dans lequel la pensée devenait le discours de l’auto-constitution du sens.
Une fois ce sens du langage dégagé, nous avons analysé dans la seconde partie, la façon dont Hegel usait du langage pour faire ressortir son discours visant à articuler le sens en son absoluité. Notre démarche essentiellement propédeutique a alors pris un tour problématique, puisque nous avons fait ressortir qu’il y avait une tension entre les textes de philosophie et les textes sur la philosophie. En effet, si le discours philosophique exprime le sens tel qu’il se forme dans le langage, il semble inopportun de faire précéder ce discours de textes tels que des préfaces où des introductions qui ne donnent qu’un point de vue indirect sur la chose. Plus précisément, la dialectique du savoir se formant dans le langage semble perdre dans les textes en marge du système l’intimité requise d’un sens se faisant expérience. Hegel en formulant la philosophie première comme une dialectique autoréférentielle du concept serait pris dans le dilemme suivant :le système interdirait tout texte référentiel (préface, introduction) tout en les nécessitant pour se laisser communiquer. En bref, l’autoréférence au fondement de l’horizon du sens chez Hegel se contredirait dans la communication que vise à établir l’aspect dialogique des préfaces et des introductions. La question que nous avons alors essayé de résoudre est celle de savoir si dialectique et dialogique étaient vraiment à opposer. Après avoir montré que des penseurs comme Schlegel ou Schleiermacher pensaient ces deux concepts ensemble, nous avons fait apparaître que le concept de dialogique pensé dans son historicité s’était vu délimiter concurremment à la grammaire et à la rhétorique des bornes variables. Nous avons alors soutenu la thèse selon laquelle cette plasticité pouvait également s’attacher à la notion de dialogique. Plus précisément, l’opposition apparente de ces deux termes chez Hegel a été mitigée à l’aune d’un concept de dialogique basé sur une relation « Je-Nous ». En montrant que chez Hegel le dialogique des préfaces référait à un « Nous » englobant, le problème de la communication de sa philosophie à travers des textes exotériques n’est plus apparue comme contredisant la structure autoréférentielle du système. Nous avons, par là, fait apparaître que la dialectique de l’élaboration dans le langage pouvait se décliner en des dialectes dialogiques qui, prenant place dans l’espace autoréférentiel de la relation « Je-Nous », n’infirmaient pas le concept d’expérience du sens.
En guise de conclusion, nous avons esquissé de façon prospective le potentiel d’une telle théorie dans un contexte plus contemporain. Nous avons à cet égard voulu répondre aux critiques de Habermas ou de Gadamer taxant le système hégélien de monologue de l’absolu oublieux du caractère dialogique de la parole et de la communication en montrant l’intérêt qu’une vue plus nuancée sur la pensée dialectique hégélienne pouvait avoir pour la pensée contemporaine.
Doctorat en Philosophie
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Lagrée, Jacqueline. "Religion naturelle et raison : enjeux et effets philosophiques de la position d'un credo minimum au XVIIème siècle". Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040001.
Texto completoThe claim of a "credo minimum" (or the statement of a small number of articles and precepts of faith) was made in the 17th century in order to unite all churches and religions. But it had another effect : the comeback of natural religion in the stoic mode, and the apparition of laymen on the stage of theology. The work of Grotius, Herbert of Cherbury, Louis Meyer, friend of Spinoza, Wissowaty and Isaac d'Huisseau constitute the intellectual horizon of the great post Cartesian systems. To know what their questions were, how the great philosophers of the 17th century, especially Hobbes, Spinoza and Leibniz, answered to them by reformulating and shifting them, leads to a new method of reading philosophical writings, which takes much care of the intellectual context. It shows too, what power of a philosophy, in that case stoicism, can be
Schreiber, Jean-Philippe. "Immigration et intégration des juifs en Belgique (1830-1914)". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212772.
Texto completoBéguin, Katia. "Patrons et mécènes au Grand siècle : les princes de Condé (1630-1709)". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010685.
Texto completoHenri II de Bourbon initiated a fundamental evolution in the position of his lineage : the former rebel of Marie de Medicis's regency period became one of Richelieu's supports. The prince modified his clientele and saw his fortune considerably increased as well of his influence on the decisions of the monarchy. His son, the grand Conde, intended to reinforce this potential during the following regency time. But he was confronted to Mazarin's rival pretensions, the cardinal being eager to establish his own authority in the realm. This opposition changed into a mere struggle which determined the prince and his relatives to rejoin the frondeurs, nevertheless former enemies of his house. In short, the condean party was an instable and incongruous medley, which was rapidly dissolved. However, after seven years spent in the spanish army, the grand Conde renewed his ties with his father's network. This continuity was based upon self-reproduction and exclusive recruitment. The clients wanted to preserve and transmit such a profitable tradition of service. The prince and his son Henri-Jules remained very powerful, thanks to this patronage, until the end of the seventeenth century. During Colbert's policy of artistic centralization the grand Conde was still a very attractive patron of the arts, being open-minded and an active support for censored authors. He also protected his clients by defending them from judiciary and fiscal implications. In the government of burgundy, he kept diverting the tax flows, which proves his untouched ability in being a smart broker of the absolute state
Spetschinsky, Sergueï. "Dualisme et réflexion: le passage entre théorique et pratique dans la philosophie transcendantale d'Immanuel Kant". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209732.
Texto completoDoctorat en Philosophie
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Verwimp, Régis. "L'Église et la vie religieuse de Guyane française moderne : la religion en Guyane, XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles". Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0131.
Texto completoThis study of church and religious life in modern French Guyana starts suring the XVIIth century with the alternation of European domination's, and consequently with pluriconfessional experiences. From 1664, the Jesuits are in charge of all spiritual matters of this colony : toward the colons with few modifications in relation to France; toward the Native Americans first with flying missions and then with settled open missions characterized by their theological adaptability and their centrifuge Christianity; and toward the slaves trying, on the one hand, to educate their own servile population in a Christian charity spirit, and, on the other hand, looking for better conditions of life for laymen's slaves. Thanks to the collaboration between royal and religious authorities, missions are settled in Kourou's area, and then on Oyapock; they are financed with a plantation systeme (habitations), until the expulsion of Jesuits from Guyana (1769)
Cusato, Michael F. "La renonciation au pouvoir chez les Frères Mineurs au 13e siècle". Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040167.
Texto completoThe theme of the renunciation of power lies at the very heart of the movement founded by Francis of Assisi, for it touches upon what it means to be fratres and minores (= friars minor). In the early years, the theme comprised three elements : an awareness of how the dynamics of power work in the world and of their most harmful effects upon its weakest members - the poor; (2) a refusal to use these forms of power (notably, money, exclusive possession of goods and force) and the preaching of this theme among the people; and (3) the renunciation even of social power - one's social status - by placing themselves at the side of the poor in order to live out a christian response to powerlessness before injustice. In short: a way to break the spiral of violence in the world. The theme is found first of all in the regula non bullata (the founding document of the order) and in the writings of Francis; it is found again later, not without having evolved, primarily in the eremitical wing of the order and, from 1274 onward, among the friars known as the "spirituals". The key documents: the sacrum commercium s. Francisci cum domina paupertate (in the 1230's); the pseudo-joachite writings which were glossed by the franciscans (in the 1240s-1250s); a treatise by Gilbert of Tournai (in the 1260's); and, at the end of the 13th century, in the writings of Peter John-Olivi, Ubertino da Casale and Jacopone da Todi - all three of whom had been marginalized in their own order. .
Daniellou, Emmanuelle. "Les Enseignantes en Bretagne aux XVIIème et XVIIIème siècles : religion, éducation et société". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20019.
Texto completoAlthough women were rarely taught to read and write in Brittany under the Old Regime, the education of girls was not totally ignored, it was even an importat factor of the Catholic Reform. The development of monasteries in the 17th century particularly helped educational establishmets. The Ursulin nuns who settled in the province were quickly perceived as being the ideal religious teacher because of their special vocation, educating the poor in classes during the day, and even boarding young girls. In fact a large majority of religious congregations and orders usually offered free education and boarding for the very poor. During the Age of enlightenment and parallel to this strong religious model, gradually emerged a movemet of lay women teachers for the young. And also several no-cloistered congregations were started in the 18th century thus promoting education in the rural areas. Teaching under the Old Regime appeared generally like apostolic work more than just giving access to the skills of reading, writing and arithmetic. Moreover it seems that education, far from being an elitist school system, offered a wide variety of schools open to young people from every class of society. Under the Old Regime, the popular opinion about educating girls was very certainly a major obstacle in systematically reaching all the girls to give them an education and to teach them to read and write : the structures existed but the mentality kept the teachers from attaining their objectives. Actually education for girls was limited to the time allotted for religious instruction which proved much too short to acquire even a minimum of reading and writing skills
Machtou, Martine. "La femme et la mystique à l'époque classique : recherche de l'identité, recherche du pouvoir à travers sa négation". Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010532.
Texto completoMantero, Anne. "La muse théologienne : poésie et théologie en France de 1629 à 1680". Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040012.
Texto completoThis study turns its attention to the poems of doctrinal inspiration in the field of the French religious poetry of the 17th century, raising the question of the relationship between poetry and conceptual language. Here indeed theology is understood in the narrowest sense of the scientific dogma. Close analysis of the texts demonstrates it varies between a set of truths to be taught and the learning shared by both the poet and the reader, present in the verse expressed through allusion. First, the didactic works are considered for their coherence and their limits. Next, the point is to show how doctrinal considerations have aroused poetics seeming relatively original, once the teaching objective has been set aside. The attention paid to the function reserved to doctrinal terms allows to define the otherness that relates poem and theology. The metaphors and structure - of the sentence as well as the discourse - point out how theological problematics act upon the problematics of poetry
Fleyfel, Antoine. "Le sacré et l'histoire selon Spinoza". Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010504.
Texto completoPăun, Răducu-Gabriel. "Pouvoirs, offices et patronage dans la principauté de Moldavie au XVIIe siècle : l'aristocratie roumaine et la pénétration gréco-levantine". Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0124.
Texto completoThe moldavian political system is built on some exchange circuits governed by the economy of grace. The prince -chosen by God and confirmed by the Porte- plays the role of the unique distributor; his person coagulates the whole society and organizes it according to a patrimonial logic. The Greek-levantins, as Ottoman subjects, particpate it and provide the cultural communication between the two worlds-Muslim and Christian. They arrive to hold power and prestige in Constantinople as well as in Moldavia by manipulating theexisting institutions and converting their economic ressources into political ones. The analysis of all these processes leads to a better understanding of the power relations during the Turcocracy and opens the possibility to reevaluate the local and regional institutions. It also reveals the building of a specific political "ethos" whose dynamic lies on the formal and informal solidarities (family, kindship, friendship, patronage)
Floury-Buchalin, Cécile. "Le corps malade, entre pléthore et corruption : écrits médicaux et religieux au XVIIe siècle". Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2010_out_floury_buchalin_f.pdf.
Texto completoWhat is being sick in the 17th century? 521 medical editions and around 350 religious (and literary) books printed in Lyon have been analyzed to answer the question. Here, the notions of sickness and health are a prism that shows intellectual and cultural heritage around a larger representation of the human body. Medical production that was printed in Lyon revealed the importance of generally conservative, small and practical medical books, compared to the real rareness of theoretical and innovative treatises. The galenic doctrine lasted until the second half of the century thanks to reprints, commentaries and quotations but even later thanks to the plasticity of its early-modern interpretation. The second part of the study shows the encounter between this medical view of the body, inherited from Antiquity, and the norms of Counter-Reformation. The physical envelope shelters the imbalance of the four humors but also the Christian soul. Semantic fields and logics at work in religious and medical treatises were analyzed to show the congruence between the religious and the medical norms of the early-modern period. Finally, the new knowledge of the body (anatomy, mechanism and chemistry) is estimated at the quarter of the printed production at the end of the century. It contrasts with the relative stability of etiology still based on the ideas of corruption and guilt, and of therapeutics still focused on evacuation
Juillet, Garzón Sabrina. ""Unis par la couronne, indépendants par l'Eglise" : la confessionnalisation en Angleterre et en Ecosse, 1603-1707". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS013S.
Texto completoThe 17th century witnessed the confirmation of the confessional choices of the European Christians. This phenomenon occurred through the European, national and individual process of confessionalisation. England and Scotland experienced this process as much as the rest of Europe. It became there the consequence and the motivation of the affirmation of national identities which enabled the two nations to differentiate from each other within the union of the crowns, from 1603, and during the organisation of the Union of 1707. The aim of this thesis is to understand what motivated these identity and confessional affirmations and what it reflected of the English, Scottish and British identities. Within a century, the national Churches of the Isle became the representatives and the warrants of the cultural independence of their nations. The independence of the Churches of the united kingdoms was eventually recognised as a necessity in the shaping of Great Britain whereas during the first half of the 17th century, the English and Scottish Protestants believed in Church uniformity, if not in Church union. The national and European contexts, the crown's interests or those of its supporters and opponents, progressively shaped a new religious landscape on the Isle. It led to the birth of a new multi confessional Protestant unity which still reflects today what Great Britain is: a country made of nations all determined to keep their specificities
Cassan, Michel. "Le temps des guerres de religion en Limousin vers 1550 et 1630". Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040036.
Texto completoFrom the middle of the XVI th century to the fall of la Rochelle, the Limousins were facing three debates, the reformation in the years 1550-1564, the politic power from 1565 to 1602, the catholic reform and counter-reform after 1590 and the return of the "ligueurs" in their town. Four events merked this period - the late protestantism's penetration by the nobility's patronage or by a seignioral contestation. In this case, the urban elites which drived the movement, were probably justified in their action by Charles IX which deprived the ecclesiastical lords of their rights; - the politic urban emancipation during and at the end of the wars of religion; - the state's growing and the administrator's affirmation becoming an greater actor in the provincial political configuration after his victorious struggle against the league; - the reform and counter-reform animated by the devouts and accompagnied by the recombining of the catholic elite and destroying the still coexixtenetween. . . . Catholics and calvinist during the first XVII th century
Choplin, Cédric. "La représentation des peuples exotiques et des missions dans Feiz ha Breiz (1865-1884)". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00370510.
Texto completoLeclerc, Lafage Valérie. "Montpellier au temps des troubles de religion : pratiques testamentaires et confessionnalisation (1554-1622)". Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30058.
Texto completoIn the city of Montpellier, the Bas-Languedoc capital, the Wars of Religion are all the more furious because basically the town is divided almost equitably between Catholics and Protestants, but also because it is inhabited by Christians on the fringe of established confessions. The testamentary practices, widely developed countries where statute laws are prevailing, reveal not only the attitudes towards death, and the eschatologist expectations but also the social structures of an Ancien Regime population. Through testaments, we can discern a confessionalization process, never global but which varies according to the activity field which the individuals are implicated in. In the public sphere, to be catholic or protestant becomes, in the beginning of the seventeenth century, a social mark among others. In the religious sphere, a confessionalization appears when visible piety's practices are noticed, even if this period is marked by a catholic indifference and the incapacity of some Huguenots to break with age-old acts of Catholicism. If spiritual religiosity is considered, as expressed in testamentary invocations, the confessionalization fades away on the profit of an homogeneous relation that people keep up with God. All the paradox lies in a social confessionalization that pushes men to kill each other on the name of God when, fundamentally, they have never been so close
Croizat-Viallet, Jean. "Recherches sur l'introduction de la science moderne en espagne a la fin du dix-septieme siecle. Medecine et sciences de la nature, la querelle des novatores (1679-1700)". Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030056.
Texto completoInstitution - the regia sociedad de madicina de sevilla - whose works and spirit were a foretaste of certain themes of enlightenment philosophy
Regourd, François. "Sciences et colonisation sous l'Ancien Régime : le cas de la Guyane et des Antilles françaises, XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles". Bordeaux 3, 2000. https://hal-univ-paris10.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01656967.
Texto completoSchillinger, Jean. "Abraham A Sancta Clara (1644-1709) : prédicateur, moraliste et propagandiste politique". Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE2018.
Texto completoThis study deals with the religious, ethical and political aspects of the work of abraham a sancta clara, a preacher in vienna under leopold i. His religious teaching maintains the apologetic tradition of the counter-reformation, favouring the practice of marian devotion, and the cult of saints. However one also detects a willingness to diffuse the themes of the "pietas austriaca", with clear political implications. His moral conceptions are influenced by the tradition of contempt for the world. He denounces the faults of his contemporaries, but his observations largely reinforce commonplaces. Simultaneously, he presents a social ethic. By putting society in agreement with sacred order, he extols respect for the principles of the division of tasks and hierarchy. His conception of social relations is soteriological. Under the influence of neo-stoicism, he glorifies the martyr, the ideal image of the christian. A political dimension is inherent in his preaching. A patriot, he exalts the virtues of the germans and is on guard against foreign influences. He calls for the fight against the turks. As a propagandist, he praises the austrian dynasty, comparing Leopold i to Saint Leopold, and he designates austria the chosen nation of the new alliance
Massignat, Corinne. "Vide et matière dans la première moitié du XVIIème siècle : phénoménologie d'une polémique décisive". Nantes, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NANT2014.
Texto completoLanfranchi, Marie-Ange. "Le contenu politique de la religion face à la société corse, au 17ème siècle". Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE2036.
Texto completoWhen Genoa imposes direct rule on Corsica, she effectively affirms her sovereing authority on the island, by giving the title of kingdom, a title accorded to Corsica several centuries earlier. This authority was affirmed firstly towards corsicans but also towards others powers and notably rome, from which she was waiting for respect. With the church, for example, she could either be opposed or united, giving religion a political dimension. Genoa will not relent in asserting her authority on the islanders, in reality it was more so to assert herself in relation to other countries. Shortcomings of the traditional system obliged to use of specific measures, notably religion, brotherhoods, seminaries, and especially spiritual missions, in this post-tridentin period, supporting the genoen process : the human government through spiritual government. Again, the political dimension of religion asserts itself as a governing tool
Riou-Perennes, Françoise. "Marins du roi et chevaliers de Malte (1626-1715)". Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR2027.
Texto completoLaurenti, Jean-Noël. "Valeurs morales et religieuses sur la scène de l'Académie royale de musique (1669-1737) : étude du Recueil général des opéras". Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040104.
Texto completoHamraoui, Éric. "Les références explicative et descriptive de la connaissance des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux (1628-1749)". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010568.
Texto completoHeart and blood vessels diseases form the subject of some observations in the medical treatise of the antiquity, of the middle-ages (Avicenne, Avenzoar) and of the renaissance (Benivieni, Saporta). However, analysing their causes and interpreting their symptoms cannot be undertaken without understanding the physiological mechanisms of blood circulation as demonstred by harvey in 1628. The definition of the perrequisites when applying to medecine, the knowledge of the laws of hemodynamics will thus become the favoured area of investigation of the oxford's physiologists (Willis and Lower), but also of the iatromechanicians of the italian school (Lancisi) and of some french physicians (vieussens and Sénac). This reflexion will lead Sénac in his lettres sur le choix des saignees (1730), published under the pseudonym julien morisson, to the denunciation of some inappropriate and inefficient therapeutics (derivative or revulsant bleedings). This criticism follows the publication of lancisi's de motu cordis et aneurysmatibus (1728) in wich is to be found the definition of the basic conceptual distinctions of cardiology. The study of the heart's anatomy and physiology (de motu cordis), the description of the various forms of arterial and cardiac aneurisms (de aneurysmatibus), as well as the deduction of theirs causes are included in lancisi's realization of an all-embracing project, a doctrina absoluta ; giving a comprehensive explanation of the structural, functionnal or hereditary factors likely to lead to aneurisms. The accuracy of such an explanation is based on the aknowledgement of the limits ; and the appraisal of the exacteness ; of what causes cardiovascular diseases, thanks to the identification of the principles governing nature, the variety and effects of those ailments, as upheld by Sénac in his Traité de la structure du cœur, de son action et de ses maladies, published in 1749 (this work will be summarized in the article cœur ; published by the Encyclopédie)
Fontaine, Jean-Louis. "Croyances religieuses des Tsjachennut, peuple animiste : croyances et rituels (1603-1650)". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17835.
Texto completoRoche, Lucile. "L'ombre de Dieu : représenter la Création du monde en France (1610-1789)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H039.
Texto completo“In the beginning God created Heaven and Earth”. Opening of the first chapter of the Genesis,the most well-known incipit of all time sums up both the imagery and the main idea of the Creation of the World that has existed in the west for thousands of years. However, this biblical conception of Creation starts to weaken in the beginning of the XVIIth century and to expand to embrace scientific views when secular ideas of evolution or the laws of mechanics shook the biblical tradition of the six-Day Creation narrative. The once unique idea of a World Creation becomes a more complex concept at the crossroads between sacred and profaneand authorized innovative pictures representing, for example, God blowing the Cartesian cosmogenic whirlpools or giving thrust to the terrestrial mechanism inspired by Voltaire. When the groundbreaking theories on the Creation were published, it was necessary to focus on the artistic reinterpretations of the myth. Based on a great diversity of images – biblical, scientific,alchemical – we’ll try to analyze how biblical iconography stands still at the time of the global secularization of the world in which, as a paradoxical authority or an unconscious standard, the image of the Creator holds up the complex relationship between Man and his Mythology
Llasera, Margaret. "Représentations scientifiques et images poétiques en Angleterre de 1600 à 1660". Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030035.
Texto completoThis thesis examines the correlation between scientists' mental representations of natural phenomena, representations that are themselves often images, and the scientific imagery forged by poets who are inspired by the same phenomena; analogy and metaphore are used by poet and scientist alike. In english poetry of the earlier seventeenth century, a period known for its many scientific discoveries, scientific imagery is highly fashionable. The sciences studied here - magnetism, optics, astronomy, meteorology, alchemy and medicine - all deal with phenomena, frequently invisible, that are linked to motion, at a time when classical mechanics is being constituted. "metaphysical" poetry, characterized by the use of complex metaphors (or conceits), is at the centre of our analysis which gives particular importance to the poetry of john donne, henry vaughan, andrew marvell and george herbert, but also embraces the work of other writers, such as george champman, william shakespeare, ben jhonson and above all john milton, insofar as they incorporate scientific imagery into their verse