Tesis sobre el tema "Religion et littérature – France"
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Delattre, Alexandra. "A contretemps : le roman catholique français du second XIXe siècle : histoire et poétique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nice, 2016. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=https://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=AmlMS01.
Texto completoThis dissertation explores the constitution of the Catholic novel as a genre in the second half of the 19th century. It aims to show how Jules Barbey d’Aurevilly, Joris-Karl Huysmans and Léon Bloy were misread, partly because of the success of the genre during the 20th century. The popularity of the 20th-century Catholic novelists such as Claude Mauriac or Georges Bernanos has indeed swept away the difficulties encountered by Catholic writers over the course of this anti-clerical period. This work invetigates the reception of the Catholic novel at that time. It is based on historical researches, especially the study of Christian "bibliographies", Catholic press and edition. This provides a better understanding of Barbey d’Aurevilly, Huysmans and Bloy’s conception of Catholic novel as an original theory of art
Normand, Maxime. "Sagesse classique : Sapiential biblique et littérature morale dans la seconde moitié du dix-septième siècle en France". Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040037.
Texto completoIn this doctoral thesis, our goal is to assess, describe and interpret the intertextuality of the Wisdom Books (Job, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus) in the major works of the four great classical moralists : Pascal, La Rochefoucauld, La Fontaine and La Bruyère. An examination of the literary and historical context reveals how biblical wisdom literature permeates the classical period. In our first part, we analyse the sapiential intertextuality by focusing on the use of commonplaces or topoi. This topical use of the Wisdom Books is particularly significant in the Fables of La Fontaine and the Caractères of La Bruyère. In our second part, we examine the philosophical and theological impact of the Wisdom Books. Ecclesiastes, in its criticism of illusions and in its "epicurean" moments, appears as a fundamental reference for the four moralists. For them, the Wisdom Books seem more particularly devoted to the expression of human misery. However, religious and inspired wisdom infuses many pages of Pascal's work. In our third part, we show that the Wisdom Books constitute a rhetorical model for the moralists, especially concerning brevity and discontinuity. This model, weakly constraining for La Rochefoucauld, stronger, but not preponderant in La Fontaine and La Bruyère, proves to be essential for Pascal, and especially the Pascal of the Pensées
Coulibaly, Amara. "Le personnage dans l'oeuvre romanesque d'Albert Camus : personnage affranchi ou personnage à thèse ?" Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CLF20006.
Texto completoLibral, Florent. "Une forme d’écriture entre rhétorique, savoirs optique ou perspectif, et religion : la similitude visuelle (1600-1666)". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20118.
Texto completoThe “similitude visuelle” (“visual simile”) is a form of comparison – written as a parallel – important in religious prose and poetry in France between 1600 and 1666. This comparison creates a link between physical phenomenons of light and vision on one side, and a religious matter on the other side. This figure keeps improving its scientific and religious components, and at the same time follows the evolution of Science, Rhetorics and main theological currents, which means the “similitude visuelle” is open to its society. However, the “similitude visuelle” gets scarce until the 1660 decade. This work aims at understanding why a figure which is able to renew its scientific foundations has to face such a decline. In reality, the “similitude visuelle” is dying because the mere idea of a likeness between material and spiritual realities is in contradiction with the evolution of Seventeenth Century Culture. As a matter of fact, authors who use this form believe that the science of Optics can be useful to religion, whereas the two domains are getting loose; the “similitude visuelle” assumes that the world is full of signs of the divinity, whereas theology, under a strong Augustinian current, is giving up this idea. Gradually, similitude must leave its first aim, which was God’s knowledge, in order to become a tool for religious moralists, which is the first step towards the secularisation and the death of this figure
Laussucq, Dhiriart Graciane. "Paul Claudel et le renouveau catholique : accords et désaccords, 1886-1938". Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040061.
Texto completoAppeared in reaction to post-revolutionary secularization, the Catholic Revival is a French movement uniting catholic artists and intellectuals, particularly active between 1885 and 1935. Rooted in intransigent Catholicism, it aims at replacing modern society with a Christian one, in which God would be given back his place in art and mind. From his conversion in 1886, until he abandoned literature for biblical exegesis during the thirties, Claudel, as a writer and intransigent Catholic, belongs to that movement. He nevertheless remains on the fringe of it, participating only occasionally for limited works to its several initiatives. He builds only uncertain or bad relations with most of the other Catholic writers. How can we understand this? Far from being Claudel’s particularity, this situation symbolizes the history of the Catholic Revival, which was simultaneously guided and controlled by anti-modernism repression. Yet the attempt of a Christian art, eager to show the presence of the supernatural in men’s world, often appears as a form of naturalism, in others words as a reduction of supernatural to human stage. Claudel reproaches the most part of the Revival members for this naturalism, even if they are involved, just as he is, in the common project of reconciliation between Catholicism and modern world
Ladki, Wassim. "L'espace du discours littéraire dans les essais philosophiques de l'écrivain Michel Serres". Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN21019.
Texto completoMy intention in my thesis has been to explore the domain of literary discourse which shapes the philosophical themes of the latest essays by Michel Serres. I first attempted to correlate the dominant stylistic features of the essays with the writer's thinking, coming to the conclusion that Michel Serres associates the expressive resources of language with his philosophical ideals in order to be able to convince. I therefore analyzed specific forms of repetition and the role of etymology as well as the use of nominalization. I then went on, in my second part, to assess the function of interrogative forms in the essays and the genesis of a hypothetical learner-type whom Michel Serres calls the "tiers-instruit". I then observed that the author has recourse to other means than those of discursive language with a tendency to exploit imagery to express his thinking or to insert various legends, anecdotes or prophecies into his writings. His story-telling serves the interests of his reasoning in order to resolve the logical contradictions inherent to any philosophical discourse. In my third part, I demonstrated that even trivial events may be at the service of philosophical themes: Michel Serres casts off the immediate reality making his philosophy one which is factual and enhanced by analogical reasoning. Finally, I revealed the basis of the moral values specific to the author. Shaken by the carnage wrought by modern war, he has never ceased to exalt peace and imagine the ways by which it could be established at every level of social existence. I underlined the way in which he surreptitiously tends to objectify and secularize his Christian convictions. The biblical echo erupting in the text reflects his basic altruism and coincides with his moral aspirations
La, Gorce Mathieu Bertrand Simon René de. "Une rhétorique iconoclaste : ordre et désordre dans le "Tableau des differens de la religion" de Philippe de Marnix de Sainte-Aldegonde (1540-1598)". Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070041.
Texto completoThis thesis is a study of the "tableau des differens de la religion" (1598-1601), by marnix de sainte-aldegonde. This unknown work has until now received little attention. I argue that its interest does not lie solely in its rabelais-like language, which can only be accounted for if studied in relation to th overall communicational strategy of the text - satirical eulogy. This genre is analysed as a systematic and fictional version of irony. The catholic church is depicted as a chaotic inferno. However chaos is not merely depicted; it is also enacted in this written picture ("tableau"), thus contaminating the lay-out, the images and the words of the text. This strategy puts communication at risk the restoration of the protestant truth is sought through the insertion of serious passages which may initially be perceived as a further source of chaos. But these passages aim at leading the reader to conversion, bridging the gap between catholic lies and protestant revelation. Nonetheless it remains to be seen whether fiction has the power to convert anyone to anything other than fiction itself
Amaarref, Amina. "Le visible et l'invisible dans la spiritualité de Pascal". Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040211.
Texto completoThe theme of the visible and the invisible is beginning as a leitmotiv in the all works of Pascal so as this spiritual theme is at Augustinian’s inspiration and it found the spiritual doctrine of the great apologist: the whole creation is an image of god. Therefore, this theme is it wonderfully good orchestrated in the letter 4, to Miss Roannez, written just after the saint-Thorn's miracle. It is true, like M. Jean Mesnard propose it, in his study of the memorial, "that the eye and spirit are requested at the same time" (in Pascal, Œuvres completes p. 45). Certainly, Pascal is also a great poet for ever this work is buoyed with a wonderful lyricism mystic
Reusser, Fernand. "Fidéisme et rationalisme : Pascal et ses contemporains". Rouen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ROUEL031.
Texto completoIf we define religion as the whole of the relationships between God and man we find two trends : one - the theocentric one- stresses the part played by grace, God reveals himself ; the other - the anthropocentric one - stresses man's activity, man turns himself to god. Sometimes, these two trends complement each other harmoniously, often, they violently clash. It was so during the fourth and fifth centuries in the christological and trinitarian disputes, and again, in the battles between advocates and opponents, about the doctrine of salvation through faith only. Pascal's contemporaries knew this tension. Defenders and adversaries of religion were fighting in the name of reason, but both sides often used irrational arguments. In philosophy, scolasticism and cartesianism imposed rationalism, however, one must not forget a powerful platonical trend, nor Gassendi's epicurean sensualism. For their spiritual life, some people followed the voluntaristic precepts of ignatian piety, but the french school of spirituality preached man's total submission to god. Pascal felt this contradiction within himself. His scientific pursuits prompted him to trust reason, his augustinian pessimism to distrust it. His case is exemplary : it does not relate to the field of religion only. The question is to know whether, in every branch of knowledge, reason, left to its sole powers can bring certainty. Must we not turn to another faculty that Pascal calls "the heart"? He did not define it, he left it to us to discover its part - important in the profane sciences, very active in the act of faith. It may even lead to mystical knowledge
Levillain-Angoulvant, Françoise. "Le théâtre religieux dans le Maine à la fin du Moyen Age : (c 1450-1550)". Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA3003_1.pdf.
Texto completoThe study of religious theater performed in the Maine province, at the end of the Middle Ages, permits an approach of the religious attitudes of its inhabitants. It enables us to discover the Christian doctrine taught then and the religious behaviours. As in the case of sermons, we find there a strong emphasis on sins and their consequences, for example on the stage the audience can see the Devil carrying the sinners's soul away to hell. Whilst the nobleman plays a main role amongst the characters, women and unconventionnal figures or dropouts, are not left out. At reading the plays we discover the fears and anxieties of the population, faced with death, calamities and wars, also we notice how they found ways to overcome these problems, with the help of religion or the supernatural , also including a certain sense of humour. The staging of the torments inflicted to Christ or to the martyrs is an indication of the violence of the society which appears to look at such performances with fascination. After decades of crisis in the XIVth and XVth centuries, this theater develops while reconstruction begins and spreads in the province. At the same time, the artistic production rejoins the same existential concerns and the murals in country churches stand as proof of the protection asked from the saints whose lives were known through theater
Hyun, Mi-ae. "Edition critique et commentaires de "Traité de religion contre les athées, les déistes et les nouveaux pyrrhoniens" de Michel Mauduit". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF20065.
Texto completoThe object of our study is a critical edition of the traite de religion contre les athees, les deistes et les nouveaux pyrrhoniens (religious treaty against the atheists, the deists and the new pyrrhonians). This treaty, of which the author is father michel mauduit (16341709) was published in 1677, and modified and increased by the author himsel in the second edition (1698). First and foremost, what draws our attention to his treaty is its connction with the pensees of pascal, especially with the fragment "infini rien" or "wager" (laf. 418 - sel. 680). In his preface, mauduit admits explicity his debt to pascal. However, mauduit uses the argument of the wager in combination with a number of other arguments. Historical and traditional which distorts pascal's original text. Whereas pascal insits on the rational obligation to "wager" on the truth of religion. Mauduit seeks to prove that truth, and his proofs logically make the wager unnecessary. Our thesis consists in two volumes. The first comprises an analysis of the arguments of the treaty, study of contemporary critics and a compariason with the pensee of pascal. In the second volume, we reproduce the second edition of the treaty with the variants of the first edition
Wagner, Jacques. "Lecture et société dans le journal encyclopédique de Pierre Rousseau (1756-1785)". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF20005.
Texto completoReputed to be indifferent to the literary demands of truth, good, and the beautiful, and doomed to a short-lived existence, the periodicals of the ancien regime served as passive mediums for documentary researches or statistical inquests until the "rhetorics of reading" unveiled various forms of enunciation and active cultural functions. Influenced by such trends this study aims mainly at throwing light on the working modes of a "reading machine". As a means of diffusion the periodical was also an instrument of conscious selection of catalogued books. The statistical inventory of its "library" reveals that the universe of extracts fashioned a picture of a culture including both current and traditional ideas as if the writers sought to placate the intellectual spheres by allying the search for novelty and the assertion of established truth. This hypothesis is examined in the course of an exhaustive analysis of the religious library of the j. E. The extracts gave the readers a picture of books which evolved between 1756 and 1785 from tormented insolence to the ease of conciliation. Such distorting work is quite noticeable in the three modes of reading that I have distinghished, namely, attenuation, deviation, and censorship, all three intended to facilitate the integration of contemporary works into an enlightened culture. The work of adjustment achieved by the j. E. Writers implied a model, that of a welcoming and pacified society in which the religious question would be settled, and learnt on a juridico-political discourse tinged with "richerism", humanitarianism, and tolerance. The standard extracts stands half way between the alienated word and pure thought. As a strategic mode of writing bearing the hallmark of the ethics of the lightened "honnête homme", and troubled by the rifts affecting the French nation, the j. E. Endeavoured to tighten the social web by promoting the communication between the opposite poles of the individual and the community, those of subjectivity and the norm, those of history and memory
Villard, Andrée. "Mémoires du Sieur de Pontis 1676 : édition critique et présentation". Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040200.
Texto completoThis work is a critical edition and presentation of the memoires du sieur de pontis (memoirs of the sieur de Pontis). These first memoirs written in port-royal, were published in 1676 and then overshadowed by the memoires de monsieur de Pontis, published in 1678. In 1657-8, the writer, du Fossé, a follower of Antoine Lemaistre, encouraged the officer Pontis to relate his life in camps and at court in order to discern how god led him to port-royal. The success in 1676 indicates the qualities of this account of actions, in which the spoken word is assimilated into the written word. In 1678, the publishers corrected oversights and made many concerted changes which gave rise to a new project. The unified, sustained tone met with requirements of the classic taste. Questions arise: why publish a text in 1676, calling for such extensive work two years later? The importance port-royal attached to these atypical memoirs, to their rapid publishing and then to their perfection, invites conjecture: in these last days of peace within the church, this account of conversion may be an indirect, self-interested tribute to the "war king". It is at any rate aimed at the old nobility, the ally which honored Port-Royal and often followed its direction
Bernard, Mathilde. "Ecrire la peur au temps des guerres civiles : une étude des historiens et mémorialistes contemporains des guerres de religion en France (1562-1598)". Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030091.
Texto completoAt the height of the Wars of Religion and in the following decades, many are those, in France, who want to keep a record of what they are living through. They choose to write History, or to narrate Lives. They leave papers from which later generations will write memoirs. In all those narratives, they depict the fury of the times and the feeling of fear which everybody is experiencing—the fear of being killed, of seeing the world collapse, or France fall under foreign domination. Showing and telling is not their sole purpose. They endeavour to understand when and why humanity lost its balance. The immense hopes of the humanists were violently shattered. Such disappointment has to be redressed. Those who preserve the memory of this sombre period therefore fight through their writings, in order to save man from sinking into despair, to urge him to dominate his passions—endangering his integrity as well as a whole civilisation— and ultimately, to help him recover his threatened dignity. This attempt at reconstruction comes with a deep questioning of the basis of power. Man’s emancipation always carries sedition
Aracil, Adrien. "Histoire d'une liberté dans la France moderne. Protestants, politique et monarchie (vers 1598 - vers 1629)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL071.
Texto completoThis thesis questions the political history of the French Reformers at the beginning of the seventeenth century through the prism of the notion of freedom : freedom as a defense of the legal gains conferred by the Nantes edict regime, but also as a capacity for action. Far from considering the Huguenots as the passive victims of an «all Catholic France», it considers them as political actors. This capacity to act is analysed in two stages: first, we examine the characteristics underlying this freedom of action in the context of the seventeenth century, through a study of the place given to institutions, memory, union and language in Reformed practices. We then study the «implementation» of this political freedom, questioning the evolutions of the Huguenot party, from the relationship to the institutions, to the nobility, to the language strategies following the death of Henri IV. Finally, we dedicate a last part to the «killing» of this political culture: the end of the Huguenot party, widely documented, is not the result of internal dissension, but of a political will that seeks to attack this freedom
Vignes, Jean. "Des mots dorés pour un siècle de fer : les mimes, enseignements et proverbes de Jean-Antoine de Baif". Paris 10, 1987. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=https://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=JvsMS01.
Texto completoThis comprehensive study of the mimes, enseignements et proverbes offers a succession of various approaches to this little known work. After a short biographic inquiry about Baif's social and personal position during the reign of henry III, chapter II deals with the way the work came into being (1574-1589), the different editions (1576, 1581, 1597, etc. ) And the fortunes of the text. Chapter III is an attempt at finding some kind of structure or formal rules in this apparently chaotic work. The study of the sources (IV) shows the scope and the variety of this gnomic compilation. It also reveals the diverse processes by which are adapted and cast into the same mold maxims and lessons borrowed "tant des anciens auteurs hebrieus, grecs et latins, que du commun usage des peuples françois, italiens et espagnols". However, this huge anthology gains its full meaning in the troubled context of the wars of religion; therefore chapter v reviews Baif’s political and religious development during this period: he can be regarded as a "politique", supporting civil peace against the ligue's intolerance and deploring the great's incapacity to handle the ills of the kingdom. The last chapter shows Baif divided between multifarious aims: militant ambition and didacticism, desire for poetic pleasure and satire, sheer outrage against his time leaving him in a state of total despair and confusion
Delattre, Alexandra. "A contretemps : le roman catholique français du second XIXe siècle : histoire et poétique". Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE2014.
Texto completoThis dissertation explores the constitution of the Catholic novel as a genre in the second half of the 19th century. It aims to show how Jules Barbey d’Aurevilly, Joris-Karl Huysmans and Léon Bloy were misread, partly because of the success of the genre during the 20th century. The popularity of the 20th-century Catholic novelists such as Claude Mauriac or Georges Bernanos has indeed swept away the difficulties encountered by Catholic writers over the course of this anti-clerical period. This work invetigates the reception of the Catholic novel at that time. It is based on historical researches, especially the study of Christian "bibliographies", Catholic press and edition. This provides a better understanding of Barbey d’Aurevilly, Huysmans and Bloy’s conception of Catholic novel as an original theory of art
Goldman, Oury. "Faire connaître le monde au XVIe siècle : traductions et appropriations des savoirs sur le monde dans la France de la Renaissance". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0159.
Texto completoDuring the early modern era, the european overseas expansion intensified the circulation of goods and people around the World. From the 16th century, the Iberian expansion contributed to change the relationship between the Europeans and the terrestrial globe and was followed by the production of a vast array of texts and materials, which were sometimes printed, and then translated into a variety of European languages. By examining various translations intro French, published in Paris and Lyon around 1500, of some sixteenth century accounts of the « New Worlds » and other « foreign lands » (among others the writings of Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo, Fernão Lopes de Castanheda, Paolo Giovio or Giovanni Battista Ramusio), the thesis reviews the way through which a renewed knowledge of the world is locally produced. By focusing on the entire translation process, from production to its multiple appropriation, it becomes possible to understand how one makes the world known in sixteenth-century France
Myoupo, Magalie. "La Sainteté en filigrane : stratégies d'appropriation laïque du modèle hagiographique dans la prose du XIXe siècle". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC296.
Texto completoThis research project takes the form of an investigation about a recurrent collective imagination throughout the 19th century: the idea of secular sainthood. In fact, numerous texts both historiographical accounts and novels, bring to the surface a character they endow with an exemplarity which is particularly developed and not exempt from a reinvented transcendence. If a being aspires to an end that surpasses its self, be it the pursuit of a political ideal (“the Republic”), “art,” or “science,” then that being can achieve a sainthood that deifies them. Secularized sainthood, which brings together two irreconcilable notions, arises at first glance from two different phenomena. On the one hand, it emerges from the resurgence of a Catholicism with strong ties to the French Restauration. In the realm of humanities, this resurgence brings forth the return to favor of Christianity as a subject, with Chateaubriand’s Génie du christianisme, published in 1802, spectacularly paving the way. On the other hand, this secularization process develops out of a reaction against the Catholic Church – and the Society of Jesus specifically – which takes places in the 1840s. From social romanticism to naturalism, from Michelet, Sands, Sue, and Lamartine through the Goncourt, Cladel and Zola, when novelists and historians reach for a hagiographic model, they no longer conjure it up to celebrate the Ancien Régime and its values. Under a well-known form, the Romantics want to spread a new and controversial education based upon emancipation rather than imitation. The Naturalists see in hagiographical narrative sequences and patterns – in particular martyrdom and asceticism – a way to describe the economic and social condition of the people. In a disenchanted century, the modern “resymbolisation” of hagiographical narrative sequences and patterns question the persistent needs for a religious imagination to build community – or, conversely, to describe unbridgeable class differences
Finck, Jeannine. "La crise de l'Occident et la réponse de l'Orient à travers l'oeuvre de René Guénon". Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040162.
Texto completoGuénon's work is about two contrary poles : the spiritual degenaration of contemporaneous occident, and the vivace consciousness traditional peoples keep for holy reality
Provini, Sandra. "Les guerres d'Italie entre chronique et épopée : le renouveau de l'écriture héroïque française et néo-latine en France au début de la Renaissance". Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070095.
Texto completoThe thesis presents a comparative study of the long narrative poems composed about the first Italian wars (1494- 1514) under the reigns of Charles VIII and Louis XII by Neolatin and French poets : the De Neapolitana Fornoviensique Victoria by Fausto Andrelini and the Voyage de Naples by André de La Vigne, the Carmen de expugnatione Genuensi by Valerand de La Varanne and the Voyage de Gênes by Jean Marot, the Chilias heroica de régis Ludovici duodecimi in Venetos Victoria by Antoine Forestier and the Voyage de Venise by Jean Marot. The first part puts those works back into their historical context, and their authors among the humanistic Court, while specifying under which conditions they were circulated and received. The second part places them in the topical historiographical production and analyses their ambition to immortalize the deeds of contemporaries by their form and style. The third part confronts the French and Neolatin practices of the grand genre - epic, prosimetrum -, by studying these works' dispositio, elocutio and models, particularly in the battle scenes and the depiction of royal entries. Finally, the fourth part addresses the political, moral and religious dimensions of those works, which reveal the poets' commitment in the ideological debates of their time (national consciousness, representation of the monarch), their purpose to enlighten the reader, and the affirmation of their dignity as authors. This study is completed by an edition of Andrelini's poem based on five manuscripts and two prints (1503 and 1513, 1078 1. ), with its translation, and the transcription and the translation of the Carmen (1508) and of the Chilias (1510)
Meldolesi, Tommaso. "Sur les traces de Benjamin Gastineau, littérateur révolutionnaire de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA081/document.
Texto completoBenjamin Gastineau’s work was written between 1845 and 1880. Gastineau wrote some theatre pieces, long and short novels, historical and social essays, and newspaper articles. He was influenced by Enlightenment philosophy and connected with Socialist and Republican thinkers. Gastineau considers his writing as a way to join people, and to give him an education, on following the principals of bourgeois moralism. Only in this way, people – he says – will have the possibility one day to make French Revolution again, and establish favourable conditions for the whole society, where justice, freedom and happiness could be guaranteed for everybody. Our work permits, thus, on the one hand, to investigate on diffusion of knowledge though newspaper articles and works written for popular readers. On the other hand, it permits to consider the political engagement of this writer, since the coup by Napoleon the 3th, passing through the Commune of Paris, and until his defence of the Communards when he was exiled in Brussels. In addition, Gastineau express his position against the abuses and the corruption of Roman Church and shows how women are its main victims. The rule of woman in XIX society takes part of a larger speech concerning social critics and including hell, medieval faith and the degradation of habits. As men have obtained intellectual and material freedom against the obligations impositions caused by religion that men could keep on walk together towards future; a material future represented by railway journey that takes men all over the acquisition of new spaces, real as well as imaginary ones, and of a new reality to build on following principals of peace, justice and freedom
Roussel, Claude. "La Belle Hélène de Constantinople : chanson de geste du XIVe siècle". Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040014.
Texto completoA chanson de geste probably composed towards the middle of the XIVth century by an author well acquainted with Flanders and the Artois and in whose language many features characteristic of Picardy can be found, "La Belle Hélène de Constantinople" as we have it consists of three complete manuscripts and a short fragment. The present work is the first complete critical edition of this long epic poem of 15. 538 alexandrines. The accompanying literary study aims and situating the text among the numerous medieval writings making use of the same story, of folk origin, from the XIIIth to the XVth century. It is composed of two parts: the first is devoted to the nuclear tale, characterized by the association of three fundamental motifs (incestuous father, persecuted young woman falsely accused of having given birth to a monster, mutilation of hands) and to its medieval adaptations. The second part analyses the choices imposed by the "epic" treatment of the subject: central place of religion, massive insertion of war episodes, use of the formal devices of the epic (laisses of alexandrines, appeals to the public, formular style, etc. )
Bonnejean, Bernard. "Les poètes français d'inspiration catholique : de Verlaine à Péguy : (1870-1914)". Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20005.
Texto completo@Catholic poetry from 1870 to 1914 sticks together with the current history and matches with the golden age of secular thinking. Major catholic poets of this time, confronted with rationalism and atheistic materialism, often appear at once apologists, opponents, polemists and committed militants. From the literary point of view, the problem to be faced is to know whether free transposition of moral and doctrinal rules is compatible with a catholic discipline which Paul Verlaine and Francis Jammes will avail themselves of after their coming back to faith. Similarly, catholic poets strove to express the universal themes of Creation, Evil, Sin, Redemption, divine Mercy, each according to his reception and experience. So, catholic poetry, far from being repetitive and repellent, offers this manifold and heterogeneous aspect, despite a theoretical necessity of a common submission to an identical doctrinal background
Ndong, Sangoul. "Le discours de l’enrôlement dans la poésie militante des guerres de religion. Pierre de Ronsard et Agrippa d'Aubigné". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL039.
Texto completoWith The Tragics, Aubigné demolishes the accusations of sedition and heresy conveyed on the account of the Huguenots by Ronsard. Arises between this work and the Discourses of political and religious cleavages where the poetic creation is, on behalf of the camp of each poet, the means to favor some provisions on the allocutaries. The question of reception thus occupies a central place in these two antagonistic works. It poses the problem of enlistment. This is a set of rhetorical resources whose challenge is to convince the adversary of his mistakes, to strengthen the partisans and to conquer public opinion. What are these resources that allow Ronsard and Aubigné to put their speakers in specific roles for their respective parties ?In our thesis, we are interested in the following questions : under what ethical traits do Ronsard and Aubigné speak each to subordinate his allocutaries to his convictions ? Who are these allocutaries ? With what discursive processes do the two poets act on the thoughts and behaviors of these recipients? Towards the theses of what poet is likely to lean readers ?With these questions, we have observed the roles of the enunciator's representation and his figures in the enlistment discourse, the categories of allocutaries and the oratorical styles set in motion to produce persuasion, firmness and mobilization
Abdelaziz, Nathalie. "Le personnage de l'artiste dans l'oeuvre romanesque de George Sand avant 1848". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CLF20095.
Texto completoThe introduction defines the limits and openings of the subject, introduces the method of approach selected for the study of a "character" and justifies the overall content. The ain of the thesis is to assess sand's contribution to the work of rehabilitation of the 19th century artist, which stands half-way between conventionalism and originality in the pre- 1848 romantic, revolutionary and religious movement. Three main study lines allow the understanding of the artist in sand's novels: physiognomy : variety physiology : complexity philosophy : unity these three headings agree with lavater's theory, for whom man has an animal, moral and intellectual life, and they also coincide with the trinitarian thought favoured during the romantic era. They moreover illustrate sand's ideal of human fulfilment: the artist as a metaphor of beauty : physiognomy the artist as a metaphor of gift : physiology the artist as a metaphor of christ : philosophy the artist's rehabilitation stems from the image given by the novelist who creates it with a triple effect : one of exception, one of reality, and one of exemplarity. The first part of the study lists what sets artists apart and what also magnifies them
Pacquot, Marie-Charline. "La Révolution française d'Edgar Quinet". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCC009.
Texto completoThe philosophy of the 19th century in France is built around the meaning which it is proper to give to the French Revolution. Without ancestry, without precedent, claiming to be original, it intends to make a clean break with the past and realise the ideals of liberty and autonomy developed during the Age of Enlightenment. Yet the great hopes of 1789 were followed by the Terror, an Empire, and, in the end, the Restoration. From then on, the Revolution became the object of an eminently ambivalent speculative elaboration, as long as one saw at once the triumph of the principles of natural right, the foundation of a society where the people could seize its destiny, and the convulsive moment of a society threatened with dissolution, the beginning of an era in which the triumphant individual, egoistically bent on private interests, had destroyed everything. It is then for history to find meaning in the event and thus to pronounce on the present and future of civilisation: was the Revolution an accident which came to break the passage of time? Was it on the contrary the inevitable outcome of history? How to explain then how the plan to liberate men from the Old Regime could have resulted in the Terror which is the very denial of freedom and the individual ? Edgar Quinet is both a witness and a privileged player in this 19th century where the instability of successive political regimes revives endlessly the revolutionary question. In an intellectual landscape where the discursive regime is blurred, where philosophers must take history into account and historians call on philosophy, Quinet Quinet develops an uncompromising thought about the freedom that allows him to identify the failure of the Revolution on the spiritual plane, where, according to him, it has failed most to free man. Against the flow of his contemporaries, the republican author identifies religion as the Gordian knot of the Revolution: it is because it neglected the question of religion that the Revolution failed ; it is because it allowed to prosper at its heart a principle of servitude that it lost its way. It is therefore through the separation of Church and State that a society can be created in which man, benefitting from a secular education, can be truly free and create a democratic society
Mabrouk, Dorsaf. "L'articulation du comique et du politique dans les pamphlets de la deuxième moitié du XVIème siècle à partir de la collection réunie par Pierre de L'Estoile dans son « Registre-Journal du règne de Henri II »". Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030185/document.
Texto completoUse verbal violence to attack, belittle, compromise others and slander, this is how satirical tract writers voice their opinions. Thereafter, when politics seize this power of nuisance to make it a propaganda weapon, the result may sometimes seem puzzling to the very people who sought to institutionalize it and put it in the service of their partisan confrontations. The use of the comic in the pamphlets of the religious wars gives clear evidence of this evolution towards a total liberation of the speech of any form of respect whatsoever. What motivated our research was the way taunt and pleasant mockery simply turned into a miserable, violent, cruel and resentful discourse, to the point that we wonder if we can still speak about a funny dimension. It is in the collection of satirical tract writer Pierre de L'Estoile inserted in his Registre-Journal du Règne de Henri III that we studied these statements. The propagandist dimension seemingly ! allows giving credibility, or even legitimacy, to the satirical tract writer by associating him with a political objective – may it be to kill with a nib. In fact, it only anchors it all the more in its slanderous value and strengthens its passionate dimension to the point of extravagance in order to manipulate the reader. The question is thus to determine how does the funny brutality express itself in these loose sheets, to define their interest and above all their ideological stakes ?
Sag, Mélanie. "Les guerres civiles dans les romans anglais et français de l'époque baroque (1580-1668) : poétique du roman, anatomie du conflit et usages de la fiction". Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070032.
Texto completoThis work examines the use of civil wars in English and French novels between 1580 and 1668 that is to say during the Baroque period. At this time, France and England were going through a revolutionary political, religious but also social crisis. Our framework is based on genre studies, contemporary theories of fiction and historicity. We aimed at shedding a new light on novel's poetics and analysing the articulation of fact and fiction through the study of a corpus of thirty little-known novels. The comparison between the French novels and the English ones implies to identify what defines the genre of early modern novel and its boundaries for both countries, and determine the genealogy of the narrative models used by the authors. We then establish the poetics of war through the analyses of the narrative functions of war sequences, the way characters are build up and the stylistics of violence (staged or faded). Finally, we suggest an interpretation of the novels. From the remembrance of wars of religion to the record of the English Revolution, Baroque novels constitute a specific form of historical fiction, characterized by the displacement of collective stakes and the metaphorisation of the religious division to the level of the couple or the family but also the recycling of the allegorical writing style. The Baroque novel is dedicated to love as opposed to the epic genre, it offers various and complex representations of civil war, this internai conflict questioning one's identity, faith and sense of belonging, three key concepts of the early modern novel
Eljorf, Ghazi. "Un journal réactionnaire sous la Convention thermidorienne : La Quotidienne". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2037/document.
Texto completoOur purpose throughout this research on La Quotidienne, a Parisian daily newspaper, is to deal with an aspect of reactionary thought in France at the end of the Revolution, in 1795 to be precise. Even though the title of this thesis focuses on the Thermidorian Convention, our research includes December 1796 issues, published therefore under the Directory rule. This allows us to consider the evolution of this paper between two political systems.Our thesis mostly focuses on the different genres and forms of literature published in La Quotidienne (poetry, dialogues, theatre…). It was however necessary to first consider the general context of publication: the political history of the Thermidorian Convention, as well as the timid and careful rebirth of press freedom after the 9th Thermidor. Between these two parts, we provide a material description of the newspaper (headings, articles, sections, subscription, etc.)We have read La Quotidienne with curiosity and as objectively as possible; but also with a pleasure derived from our strong attachment to literature and the press. We wish to convey some of this pleasure to our readers, when they discover this somewhat neglected newspaper – a small stage where the main ideas of the time are at play
Misono, Keisuke. "Ecrire contre le jansénisme au XVIIe siècle : Léonard de Marandé polémiste vulgarisateur". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF20004.
Texto completoL'hopital, Servane. "Toucher le coeur : confrontations du théâtre et des pratiques de piété en France au XVIIe siècle". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20121.
Texto completoThe confrontation between liturgy and theater is a topos of the discourses which reveal deeply-rooted issues of representation in the seventeenth century. This commonplace had been a recurrent rhetorical device in the patristic sermons, where it emphasized the differences between Christianity and paganism. It is vigorously reactivated in seventeenth-century France as the Catholic Church faces its Calvinist critics, who accuse mass of being a comedy. Profane theater becomes a regular and professional kind of entertainment in the city and at the court, thanks to the protection of the royal power. This is why it is seen by Augustinians as a recurrent “lively representation” of the values of the world, such as love and honor, which are contradictory to the celestial Christian spirit. Treatises against Comedy written by Christian zealots reveal not only a moral, but also an emotional and psychological competition between liturgical practices and theater. Both “representations” try to force the presence of the mind and to touch, or even to print, the heart. The mass is then qualified as the “lively representation” of the Passion of the Christ, during which Catholic prayers must commemorate the mystery of divine sacrifice. By considering and acting out ceremonies, by vocalizing prayers, the believer is invited to produce certain acts of the heart and to unite with Christ, applying the Christ’s sacrifice to himself. Thus, the believer can be assimilated to an existential comedian on the divine stage : he actively involves his sensibility in the imitation of the great Christian model, by entering into the spirit of the psalms. This relationship to the text as a vestige to follow, this use of the voice and the body as mediums to excite devotion, explain the condemnation of the professional comedian by the Christian zealots (dévots). Indeed, the comedian is seen as someone who excites his own passions, playing a dangerous game with his heart and reminding himself of former worldly passions which can only lessen his faith.The reestablishment of theater questions the legitimacy, the definition and the goals of this art in a Christian society. Translating mimesis by “representation” and not “imitation” brought the theater closer to the liturgy. The discourses on theater in the 1620s and 1630s show that the authors tended to see a memorial, reiterative and visual dimension in theater that was not present in Aristotle. The debates finally conclude on the definition of theater as an honest form of entertainment rather than as a living form of instruction, namely because the latter was the responsibility of predication and mass. Saint Thomas could justify theater as a way of merely releasing the mind without interesting the heart or touching the soul ; at that time, indeed, instruction meant Christian instruction. In the 1640s, to please the devout Spanish queen Anne of Austria, several playwrights did attempt to call back the theater to its former institutional position by assimilating it with religious ceremony and creating sanctified tragedies. But this attempt failed for both poetic and political reasons. The disposition of the spectators in the city was not to be instructed. The theater was finally recognized as incompatible with Christian folly and modesty, but slowly participated in the formation of a secular morality in a new civic sphere
Chu, Hui Ming. "Tableau de la Chine au XVIIIe siècle dans les "Lettres édifiantes et curieuses"". Grenoble 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE39033.
Texto completoThe letters and documents sent from china by french jesuits between 1699 and 1820 (lettres edifiantes et curieuses, published under the direction of m. L. Aime-martin, paris, 1843, t. Iii, and t. Iv), provide useful information on the chinese empire in the 18th century. These letters, which come from beijing as well as provincial capitals or other minor cities, reveal the attitude of missionaries as regards imperiam power. Not only are they indispensable for the awareness of christianism in these regions through the establishment of the catholic church, its development, the persecutions it underwent, but they also provide a unique contribution concerning various features of chinese history : 1) the emperer and his court, the central administration and the army, the local and provincial administration; 2) chinese religions traditions other religions existing in china (islam, judaism); 3) justice, courts and punishment; 4) education and schooling; 5) handcrafts, country life and economic crises; 6) aspects of social life, the organisation and role of the family. One notes particularly precise information on the scientific contribution in the fields of medicine, geography, astronomy and mathematics by jesuits sent from paris by the academie des sciences
Madriasse, Sébastien. "La difficulté d'être dans l'oeuvre de Musset". Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00719715.
Texto completoChautard, Paul. ""Orion aveugle marchant vers la lumière du soleil levant " : une théopoétique des romans de Claude Simon". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00855276.
Texto completoMikail, Abud Filho Régis. "Littérature et religion. Le modèle hagiographique chez Flaubert, Bloy et Huysmans". Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040019.
Texto completoThe crisis the Catholic Church went through during the 19th century spread into the literary universe. The relation between faith and aesthetics establishes itself in a different way from the catholic novelists of the first half of the century: the exemplary transmission of faith through religious discourse mingles with the representation of this transmission itself through hagiographic literature. This literary and aesthetic renewal puts both fiction and hagiography into perspective. For instance, in the works of Flaubert, Bloy and Huysmans, a sanctity claiming itself to be both primitive and terrifying disrupts a catholic art accused of sentimentalism. Moreover, narratives of hagiographical inspiration, intention or subversion question literary representations of naturalism and decadentism. Rewriting sanctity is accomplished as a parallel to the transformations which affect the novel, whereas fictional characters are more closely represented in the manner of saints. The character as a saint and the saint as a character lay somewhere within an indefinite land between the narrative of the novel and the hagiographic narrative. The faith of writers such as Bloy and Huysmans calls for reflections on the discursive subversion, characteristic of the literary discourse: can faith be subversive in spite of its intentions? Inversely, a novel structured on the medievel hagiographic models of the Legend of saint Julien the Hospitaller reveals that a certain respect of the form does not necessarily imply professing one’s faith
Cabrol, Stéphane. "Épiphanies du visible : la vision dans le discours mystique français (1620-1630)". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MON30067.
Texto completoCan man see God ? The question to which many Christian theologians have tried to answer is in the background of Les Divins Élancements d’amour exprimés en cent Cantiques faits en l’honneur de la Très-Sainte-Trinité (1628) by Claude Hopil. In this book, the poet praises the Mystery of the Trinity and claims his desire to see it, without forgetting the Scriptures say God is invisible. Pierre de Bérulle in his book Discours de l’état et des grandeurs de Jésus (1623) answers this same question by linking it to the mystery on which his meditation is focused on : with the Incarnation God emerged in the Creation and therefore made himself visible.The current study focused on assessing the theological, spiritual and cultural implications involved in the theme of vision in each of these two works. It also aimed at determining to what extent the authors were influenced by the scientific discoveries of their time. Bérulle and Hopil are the heirs of what is called the visual model of knowledge which saint Augustine explained in several of his works. Their knowledge in the field of optics are mostly based on pre-classical concepts, dating from before the work of Kepler and Descartes. Hopil knew about the two theories of emission and reception inherited from the Antiquity and which still existed at the beginning of the 17th century. However, it seems that neither of the two theories corresponds to the vision as mentioned in his poems. This vision is presented as the unstable and ineffable experience of a copresence of the creature and the Creator.If the field of optics didn’t particularly grab Bérulle’s attention, his knowledge in astronomy allowed him to devise a mystical way of watching. His work was published during the decade which closely followed Galileo and Kepler’s work which are inseparable from the promotion of a Copernician cosmological system. According to Bérulle, Christians should look at Christ and he compares the look in their eyes to the one, he imagines antique astronomers had when looking at the sun. Furthermore, Christ is all the more well seen that he has a core place in spiritual life, similar to the sun in the universe, according to Copernic’s theory to which the Oratorian refers to. Whatever the emphasis Bérulle places on the discoveries in astronomy, he reshapes them to serve one main objective : glorify the Incarnation
Lagrée, Michel. "Religion et cultures en Bretagne (1850-1950)". Rennes 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REN20001.
Texto completoThe mid 19th - 20th century may be considered as a stage of latency, of maturation, during which the fast incoming of Brittany into modernity is prepared. Its premises have been emphasized, since they bear relation to religious facts. A first part results in what could be called, according to G. Le Bras, the weighing of religious vitality of Brittany, productive of a state of "christianitude" (E. Poulat), yet quite perceptible in 1950. Collecting computable data about some practices common to most people, aims at bringing into view mental structures and contrasts, through time as well as space. Beyond this, attention has been called to various fractions. Sociological fractions (fishermen), ideological fractions (protestants, anticlericalics) on the outskirts of the predominant group - rural and roman catholic -, but also and especially the elites, whose renewal, from notables to militants, is clearly perceptible all through the century. A second part is devoted to the bonds between religious facts and traditional culture, the inheritance of a world passing away, with a particular attention to the phenomenon of language : two chapters test the validity of the expression : Feiz ha Breiz (faith and Brittany), a leitmotiv for decades, that also reflected certain contradictions. At the same time is recalled the evolution of typical Breton aspects of manifestations of "our fathers' faith", on the one hand pilgrimages, on the other hand missions and retreats. In the third part, whose centre of gravity is of course more contemporaneous, can be found different aspects of modernity. The emigration is most seeing, at the same time as a constant concern for the clergy
Dabboussi, Hala. "Critique de la littérature sur le terrorisme et l'islam". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27759.
Texto completoChâtel-Gaultier, du Marache Aurore. "Littérature et institutions : Regards croisés entre l'Espagne et la France". Cergy-Pontoise, 2006. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/06CERG0297.pdf.
Texto completoPreoccupied with transmitting literary heritage, the author gives an insight into both university research on reciprocal Franco/Spanish influence and the result of her search for crossed imagery (French in Spain and Spanish in France) in a corpus constituted of school manuals, anthologies including “Mémoires d’Europe” (Biet/Brighelli), “La Bibliothèque idéale” and the illustrated “Petit Larousse” – studied in their French and Spanish versions – completed by titles from youth literature (novels and strip cartoons). The thesis closes with the specific study of the treatment of Don Quichotte by Cervantès, both by research (Joly, Garcia Calderon, Canavaggio, etc. ) and by school editions (primary in France, secondary in France and in Spain) and by youth literature (France and Spain) as well. The study of literature, French or foreign, at all levels of the education system, is possible providing that the texts are respected and that they are not made into an object which the readers no longer wish to approach
BRAMBILLA, ALBERTO. "Edmondo De Amicis et la France (1870-1883). Contacts et échanges entre littérature italienne et littérature française". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/165036.
Texto completoLe, Tertre Claire. "La religion et le droit civil du mariage". Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT4008.
Texto completoMarriage law is strongly influenced by religion. The interaction of the two is the result of historic, philosophical and sociological considerations. The question is therefore how our legal system copes with the inference of religion in marriage law. Indeed, the secular principle which is the legal key to dealing with religions affairs, cannot handle the specificity of religious disputes in marriage. It is thanks to the current development of marriage law that an adequate legal solution could be found. The whole aim of this research is to show that the process of contractualisation emerging in marriage law demonstrates the possibility of creating a real personal contract of marriage : a salutary instruments, eventually, for a better legal handling of the problem of religion in marriage
Fettah, Hamid. "La Lai͏̈cité et la religion dans la littérature marocaine contemporaine". Aix-Marseille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX10034.
Texto completoChauvet, Émeline. "Littérature, photographie et pornographie : Questions de temporalités". Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0060.
Texto completoThrough the aesthetic similarities between French and American literature and photography, this research work intends to analyse the discourse on pornography (which we will call "metapornography") staged by postmodern art and its repercussions on the pornographic body. This work is based on three photographic series, A History of Sex by Andrés Serrano (1995), Sex Pictures by Cindy Sherman (1992) and Pornography by Édouard Levé (2002), as well as three novels, Souvenirs du triangle d'or by Alain Robbe-Grillet (1978), Blood and Guts in High School by Kathy Acker (1978) and Les particules élémentaires by Michel Houellebecq (1998). A secondary corpus borrowed from literature and photography as well as from films or performance will also support the analysis. The heterogeneity of the corpus of study allowed the search for homogenizing criteria that could guide the whole analysis, namely: the crisis of the subject, the de-hierarchization, the importance of metatextuality with the rejection of the cult of the unique and the permanence of discourses on the end. The demonstration therefore takes these invariants into account by systematically linking them to the expression of a particular temporality and its effects on the pornographic body: we are witnessing a successive deformation of the pornographic body which, by way of hybridity, crossing boundaries and fragmentation, has only one solution left: to rebuild itself. But this reconstruction, intimately linked to a process of diversion, is marked by an aesthetic of the too much and the kitsch. All that remains is a cold, worn-out body, on the edge of death, calling for its own outcome
Daniellou, Emmanuelle. "Les Enseignantes en Bretagne aux XVIIème et XVIIIème siècles : religion, éducation et société". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20019.
Texto completoAlthough women were rarely taught to read and write in Brittany under the Old Regime, the education of girls was not totally ignored, it was even an importat factor of the Catholic Reform. The development of monasteries in the 17th century particularly helped educational establishmets. The Ursulin nuns who settled in the province were quickly perceived as being the ideal religious teacher because of their special vocation, educating the poor in classes during the day, and even boarding young girls. In fact a large majority of religious congregations and orders usually offered free education and boarding for the very poor. During the Age of enlightenment and parallel to this strong religious model, gradually emerged a movemet of lay women teachers for the young. And also several no-cloistered congregations were started in the 18th century thus promoting education in the rural areas. Teaching under the Old Regime appeared generally like apostolic work more than just giving access to the skills of reading, writing and arithmetic. Moreover it seems that education, far from being an elitist school system, offered a wide variety of schools open to young people from every class of society. Under the Old Regime, the popular opinion about educating girls was very certainly a major obstacle in systematically reaching all the girls to give them an education and to teach them to read and write : the structures existed but the mentality kept the teachers from attaining their objectives. Actually education for girls was limited to the time allotted for religious instruction which proved much too short to acquire even a minimum of reading and writing skills
Rentzou, Efthymia. "Surréalisme et littérature : une comparaison entre le surréalisme grec et français". Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040182.
Texto completoWilfert-Portal, Blaise. "Paris, la France et le reste. . . : importations littéraires et nationalisme culturel en France, 1885-1930". Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010596.
Texto completoTraoré, François Bruno. "Récit romanesque et univers religieux au temps des Lumières françaises entre 1760 et 1789, d'après "La religieuse" (1760-1796) de Diderot, "La nouvelle Héloïse" (1761) de Jean-Jacques Rousseau, "Les liaisons dangereuses" (1782) de Choderlos de Laclos et "Paul et Virginie" (1788) de Bernardin de Saint-Pierre". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF20009.
Texto completoJacques, Stéphanie. "La Prière à Isis et à Osiris dans la littérature latine : tradition romaine et innovations isiaques". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20003.
Texto completoThe study deals with the evolution of the Roman prayer, as literary sources allow us to perceive it, since its traditional expression to the isiac and mystic orison. The first part analyses the Roman traditional prayer as regards its structure and expounds first how important the morphological and semantic elements of the invocation stand, then the function and formulation of the precatory request and argument. The prayer dealing with moral matter and the personal prayer in Rome are finally treated. The second part analyses the isiac prayer in the Latin field, emphasing the book XI of Apuleius' Metamorphoses. Poetic extracts from Ovid's, Tibullus' and Claudian's back up the comments relating to the two prayers and Isis' speech which come from the Metamorphoses. The formulated remarks mainly aim at the possibility of distinguishing the exotic pattern prayer which addresses Isis from the initiate's prayer. The third part puts forward parallels between the former studied sources and Greek sources as well as Latin epigraphic texts. Prayers coming from the Ephesiacs of Xenophon of Ephesus and aretalogies lay out themes and eulogistical means which are close to the structure and the ways of expression of the Roman prayer, and more specifically of the mystic prayer. Latin epigraphic inscriptions show how dedicatees, whether they are intiates or not, appropriated caracteristic elements of the isiac cult. The conclusion of the study deals with an interpretation of the mystic prayer from the Metamorphoses as an implicit aretalogy. In conclusion, it seems that the Roman devotee does know, apart from traditional expression, a personal relationship with the gods he prays. He can therefore move towards mystic prayer and adapt the reasoning to new ways of thinking and to a new ritual expression
Rideau, Gaël. "De la religion de tous à la religion de chacun. Les hommes face à l'église et à la religion à Orléans au XVIIIe siècle (1667-1791)". Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE1062.
Texto completoFrom curves of ordinations to the study of the religious stamp in the domestic space, a transition of the religious life in Orleans stands out. It expresses itself by a laicisation of the people's view upon the clergy. Collective devotions and parish-life still crucial, but they change. The parish carries an economical logic as much as a religious one. Nevertheless, in the same time, a thrust draws up. Testament illustrates an individual remaking with a movement of gestures and discourses to the family-life. The birth of a religious-domestic complex completes this associating pious objects, pictures and books. Jansenism and Enlightenment are crucial in this movement. In this way, they may be bound. Therefore, in the eighteenth century Orleans, the religion did not know a dechristianisation, but a secularisation, that is to say a passage of the vitality toward a more individual logic