Literatura académica sobre el tema "Regard guidé"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Regard guidé"
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Collard, Anne-Laure, Jeanne Riaux, Sylvain Massuel, Bruno Bonté, Martin Laurenceau, Bastien Richard y Anne Rivière-Honegger. "Construire un regard sociohydrologique (3). Expérimenter un canevas pour engager la négociation interdisciplinaire". Natures Sciences Sociétés 29, n.º 1 (enero de 2021): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/nss/2021025.
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Troisième volet d’un travail sur la démarche sociohydrologique, ce retour d’expérience s’intéresse aux modalités du dialogue interdisciplinaire en l’absence d’une expérience de terrain partagée. Un postulat a guidé la confection d’un « canevas » pour structurer les échanges au sein d’un groupe de chercheurs : la nécessité de partager des expériences pour négocier les points de convergence entre regards des sciences de la nature et de la société sur un même objet, ici les canaux d’irrigation communautaires. L’analyse du processus de construction, d’expérimentation et d’évaluation de ce canevas est entendue comme élément à part entière du processus interdisciplinaire. La double perspective sur laquelle repose cette contribution, expérimentation et réflexivité, permet un retour sur les modalités du dialogue interdisciplinaire et examine l’importance des frustrations dans la progression de la négociation.
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Barbance, Maryse. "Des représentations de la femme chez Freud. Un regard historique, psychanalytique et féministe contemporain". Articles 7, n.º 2 (12 de abril de 2005): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/057791ar.
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Trois objectifs ont guidé cet article. Nous allons d'abord tenter de dégager, à partir de la correspondance de Freud, ses représentations conscientes de la femme et les regarder dans le cadre des représentations de l'époque telles que les présentent des auteurs d'alors et des historiennes récentes, ce qui permet de situer Freud dans son temps, notamment par rapport aux médecins et à la bourgeoisie autrichienne et juive. En second lieu, à partir de certains rêves de Freud cités dans L'Interprétation des rêveset d'associations dont nous proposons quelques interprétations, nous tenterons de dégager également ses représentations inconscientes (ou imagos) de la femme. Enfin, en reprenant l'hypothèse de féministes psychanalystes contemporaines, nous regarderons comment les représentations inconscientes, elles-mêmes liées aux rapports sociaux de sexe, soutiennent les représentations conscientes, qui apparaissent dès lors comme des défenses vis-à-vis des premières, ce qui expliquerait, en partie, qu'elles perdurent.
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Allebrandt, Débora. "Perspectives théoriques dans l'étude de la famille, de l'enfance et de la parenté: un regard à partir de la comparaison entre adoption et P.M.A." Vibrant: Virtual Brazilian Anthropology 8, n.º 2 (diciembre de 2011): 113–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1809-43412011000200006.
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Famille et parenté sont des sujets très chers à l'anthropologie. Cet article met en relief les changements et questions ontologiques ayant orienté ce domaine tout au long des années. D'un point de vue historique, nous revisitons tout ce qui va des perspectives théoriques classiques aux outils contemporains qui ont guidé cette discipline vers les nouvelles réalités ayant transformé la famille, la parenté et la parentalité. Notre regard se porte sur la comparaison entre adoption et procréation médicalement assistée pour mettre em relief les contributions permettant une meilleure compréhension des relations complexes constituant la famille d'aujourd'hui.
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Tchinda Djousseu, Roméo, Jules Roger Feudjo, Lionel Franck Talom Fossi y Dedy Christelle Sekadjie. "La pertinence de l’information comptable au regard du choix du mode d’amortissement dans le contexte africain : une analyse croisée des opinions du producteur de l’information et de l’analyste financier". Revue Congolaise de Gestion Numéro 36, n.º 2 (22 de noviembre de 2023): 15–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rcg.036.0015.
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L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser les implications du choix du mode d’amortissement sur la pertinence de l’information comptable dans les entreprises au Cameroun. Basée sur un échantillon de cinq cas d’entreprises, une observation a été faite à travers l’exploitation des états financiers, le discours des producteurs de l’information et des analystes financiers. La lecture des états financiers et l’analyse de contenu montrent que le mode d’amortissement linéaire est celui pratiqué par les entreprises au Cameroun. Ce mode est guidé par la simplicité, le souci de comparabilité, de performance, d’exigence fiscale et le type d’activité. Mais la pression fiscale reste faible et demeure complémentaire. Au regard des logiques mises en causes, la pensée d’une décision désintéressée est retenue pour ce qui est du choix du mode linéaire dans les entreprises au Cameroun. Ainsi, contrairement à la pensée d’accroissement du résultat tant mise en exergue par la théorie politico contractuelle de la comptabilité, la synthèse des opinions des producteurs et des analystes financiers montrent que l’information fournie sur la base du mode linéaire est pertinente, car elle est majoritairement acceptée par les producteurs de l’information et les analystes financiers.
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Parent, Séverine, Olivier Michaud, Ann-Louise Davidson, Jorge Sanabria y Inna Artemova. "Portrait de quatre espaces créatifs au Québec : analyse à partir de la théorie de l’activité". Revue internationale du CRIRES : innover dans la tradition de Vygotsky 6, n.º 3 (15 de noviembre de 2022): 66–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51657/ric.v6i2.51549.
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Les espaces créatifs permettent aux utilisateurs de fabriquer, de transformer et de s’équiper, ainsi que de participer, de partager et d’apprendre. Ces actions soutiennent l’effet de démocratisation du mouvement maker (Hatch, 2014) ainsi que le développement du pouvoir d’agir rendu possible dans les espaces créatifs (Blikstein, 2013 ; Davidson et Duponsel, 2021). Cet article présente l’analyse de quatre espaces créatifs au Québec et permet de relever les caractéristiques de ces espaces d’apprentissage non formels. Le regard porté sur les espaces créatifs a été guidé par la théorie de l’activité (Engeström, 1987). Différents aspects (sujet, outil, objet, division du travail, règles et communauté) ont été analysés à partir des transcriptions d’entretiens semi-dirigés, menés auprès des responsables d’espaces créatifs et des utilisateurs. L’analyse soutenue par la théorie de l’activité permet d’aborder de façon systémique l’organisation des activités dans des espaces créatifs non formels. Notre projet revêt un intérêt pour l’avancement des connaissances, car il permet de relever des tensions liées à la notoriété, à l’équipement, à l’apprentissage et la communauté, qui pourraient être présentes dans d’autres espaces créatifs.
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Lyddon, Paul A. "A Reflective Approach to Digital Technology Implementation in Language Teaching: Expanding Pedagogical Capacity by Rethinking Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition". TESL Canada Journal 36, n.º 3 (30 de diciembre de 2019): 186–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1327.
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As the number of language instructors seeking to implement digital technologies in their teaching continues to grow, so does the need for direction with regard to making pedagogically sound decisions concerning digital tool use. One popular and useful guide for considering the educational potential of digital technologies has been Puentedura’s (2006) Substitution-Augmentation-Modification-Redefinition (SAMR) model, with its four levels of progressive technological integration. However, the degree of technological integration truly possible or even desirable for individual teachers in their given context depends on a number of complex, interrelated, largely non-technological factors, including implementation motives, pedagogical purview, educational philosophy, theory of learning, teaching style, and situational constraints. Generally unconscious, these factors often go ignored, leaving teachers susceptible to technological decisions that can lead them to lose their prescribed pedagogical focus or unwittingly contradict their core professional beliefs. After a brief, situated overview of the SAMR model, this article introduces and illustrates a five-stage SAMR-embedded reflective approach to systematically eliminating irrelevant, unacceptable, and unfeasible instructional uses of technology and, thereby, revealing potential for expanding pedagogical capacity in language teaching.
À mesure que grandit le nombre de professeurs de langue qui cherchent à mettre les technologies numériques au service de leur enseignement, il devient plus important de savoir prendre des décisions pédagogiques judicieuses concernant le recours aux outils numériques. Populaire et utile avec ses quatre niveaux d’intégration progressive de la technologie, le modèle SAMR (Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, Redéfinition) de Puentedura (2006) a guidé maints utilisateurs intéressés par le potentiel éducatif des technologies numériques. Toutefois, le degré d’intégration technologique effectivement possible ou même désirable pour les professeurs individuels dans leur contexte particulier dépend de facteurs complexes, interdépendants et essentiellement non technologiques tels que les motifs invoqués en faveur du recours à la technologie, le ressort en matière de pédagogie, la philosophie éducative, la théorie de l’apprentissage, le style pédagogique et les contraintes situationnelles. Généralement inconscients, ces facteurs restent souvent ignorés, ce qui risque de confronter les professeurs à des décisions technologiques susceptibles de leur faire perdre la focalisation pédagogique qui leur a été prescrite ou de contredire involontairement leurs convictions professionnelles fondamentales. Après avoir brièvement replacé le modèle SAMR dans son contexte, le présent article introduit et illustre une approche réflective en cinq étapes intégrées au modèle SAMR qui est destinée à éliminer systématiquement les utilisations non pertinentes, inacceptables et irréalisables de la technologie, et ouvrant ainsi la perspective d’enrichir le potentiel pédagogique de l’enseignement des langues.
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Correa Molina, Enrique, Simon Collin, Philippe Chaubet y Colette Gervais. "Concept de réflexion : un regard critique". Éducation et francophonie 38, n.º 2 (20 de abril de 2011): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1002160ar.
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La réflexion est un concept très utilisé en formation initiale à l’enseignement. En traçant un portrait de l’éventail de significations trouvées dans la littérature, les auteurs de cet article portent un regard critique sur ce concept. Ils dégagent en même temps une vision développementale mais non hiérarchisée de la réflexion, lui accordant un statut de métacompétence. Un schéma permet de préciser des dimensions écologiques et méthodologiques du processus de réflexion. Les auteurs concluent en interrogeant la position qu’occupe la réflexion à l’intérieur du référentiel de compétences qui guide la formation à l’enseignement au Québec.
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Le Thomas, Claire. "Regard d’artistes sur le territoire : Balle perdue, une visite-performance de Dector et Dupuy". Nouvelles perspectives en sciences sociales 10, n.º 1 (4 de febrero de 2015): 237–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1028441ar.
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Balle perdue est une performance réalisée par deux artistes, Dector et Dupuy, en 2014. Il s’agit d’une visite guidée des quinze kilomètres compris entre Caen et la Manche. Au moyen du concept d’objet d’art-lieu théorisé par Anne Volvey, cet article analyse les effets de cette oeuvre sur la perception spatiale des spectateurs et la manière dont elle fabrique du territoire, interrogeant en retour la complexité de cette notion en géographie.
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van der Ham, Kirsten. "A Familiar Book in a (Un)Familiar Context: A Comparative Qualitative Study on Bible Usage of Indonesian Congregations in the Netherlands". Journal of World Christianity 12, n.º 2 (agosto de 2022): 228–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jworlchri.12.2.0228.
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Abstract After Indonesia’s war of independence, a flow of migration was triggered to the Netherlands, the former colonizer. Some of the Christians who migrated to the Netherlands founded their own congregations in Dutch society. The present article regards how these Indonesian congregations shaped their use of the Bible, in light of their community formation under the influence of migration, through a heuristic comparison with the results of research conducted by Foppen et al. on Bible readers in the Netherlands at large. The empirical study of three Indonesian congregations shows that one of the key elements of the Bible usage of ordinary readers in the three respective congregations is that they view the Bible as a guide to life. They further appreciate the polyphony of biblical texts, since it enables contextual theologies. Further results regard preferred language, Bible translation, and digitalization.
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Wiesmeth, Hans, Nino Shavgulidze y Nino Tevzadze. "Environmental policies for drinks packaging in Georgia: A mini-review of EPR policies with a focus on incentive compatibility". Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 36, n.º 11 (14 de agosto de 2018): 1004–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18792606.
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The paper investigates various approaches to an environmental policy regarding drinks containers in Georgia. Currently, most of the waste containers are landfilled or pollute the environment through littering, and separate collection and recycling of drinks containers are almost nonexistent. The Association Agreement with the EU, which entered into force in July 2016, stipulates the development of up-to-date waste management activities in this transition country. In accordance with the legal framework, this mini-review proposes an EPR policy for Georgia, based on the waste hierarchy. Various approaches for such an EPR policy are reviewed as regards their feasibility for a transition country, but in particular with regard to incentive compatibility: the policy should guide producers and consumers to comply with the regulations. Some cost estimates demonstrate the financial feasibility of the recommended solution. Practical experiences from Austria, Bulgaria, France and Germany provide a European context.
Tesis sobre el tema "Regard guidé"
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Ben, Chikha Houssem. "Impact des gestes de pointage et du regard de l’entraîneur sur la mémorisation d'une scène tactique de basket-ball : Études oculométriques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2023. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/62b8d414-a45c-4a04-8f10-da43ab0dc578.
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Les gestes de pointage et le regard guidé sont couramment utilisés comme des indices corporels pour faciliter l'attention visuelle et la compréhension dans différents domaines académiques. Cependant, leur efficacité spécifique dans le contexte sportif, notamment dans l'enseignement des schémas tactiques de basket-ball, reste relativement peu explorée. L'objectif central de cette thèse était donc d'examiner l'impact des gestes de pointage et/ou du regard guidé de l'entraîneur sur l'attention visuelle et la mémorisation des scènes tactiques. Les principaux résultats essentiels ont révélé des interactions significatives entre l'utilisation de ces indices et le niveau d'expertise des joueurs, démontrant ainsi un effet de renversement de l'expertise. Dans la plupart des expériences menées, les méthodes pédagogiques efficaces pour les joueurs novices se sont avérées inefficaces, voire préjudiciables, pour les joueurs experts. Par conséquent, ces résultats soulignent l'importance de s'adapter aux variations du niveau d'expertise des joueurs lors de l'utilisation des gestes de pointage et/ou du regard guidé pour la présentation du matériel d'entraînement pour la présentation des plans et/ou phases de jeu en basket-ballPointing gestures and guided gaze are commonly used as bodily cues to enhance visual attention and comprehension in various academic domains. However, their specific effectiveness in the sports context, particularly in teaching basketball tactical patterns, remains relatively unexplored. Therefore, the central objective of this thesis was to examine the impact of pointing gestures and/or guided gaze by the coach on visual attention and memorization of tactical scenes. The key findings revealed significant interactions between the use of these cues and the players' level of expertise, demonstrating an expertise reversal effect. In most experiments conducted, pedagogical methods that were effective for novice players proved to be ineffective or even detrimental for expert players. Consequently, these results emphasize the importance of adapting the use of pointing gestures and guided gaze to accommodate variations in players' expertise level when presenting training materials for basketball game plans and/or phases
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Richard, Philippe. "Contribution à la formalisation et à l’identification de la stabilité humaine au regard de la sécurité : application aux transports guidés". Valenciennes, 2012. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/9e61dd16-8c22-445e-8781-8b9cde10f070.
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Le travail de la thèse propose une contribution originale basée sur le concept de stabilité humaine par l’identification des risques associés dans le cadre de l’évaluation de la sécurité du système. Dans une première partie, les difficultés à prendre en compte les facteurs humains dans les études de sécurité sont mises en évidence et une nouvelle voie de recherche pour l’intégration des facteurs humains basés sur le concept de stabilité est présentée. La deuxième partie propose un état de l’art reposant sur les concepts de stabilité et de résilience. Bien que le concept de stabilité soit habituellement défini autour d’un point d’équilibre durable qui induit un sentiment de contrôle de la sécurité lors du fonctionnement normal, il apparaît que le comportement stable d’un opérateur humain peut entraîner des risques dans certaines situations telles que l’hypovigilance, l’inattention, etc. . La troisième partie pose les bases de la stabilité humaine pour l’évaluation des risques. La stabilité humaine est définie comme la capacité de l’opérateur de rester dans un état de fonctionnement stable dans des conditions spécifiées. Ce concept est ensuite formalisé et trois modes de stabilité sont développés (temps, fréquence et séquentiel). La partie suivante vise à appliquer ce concept de stabilité humaine dans le cadre du système ERTMS/ETCS. Enfin, des perspectives mettent en évidence cet intérêt de la stabilité humaine par la définition d’indicateurs de risque pour évaluer la sécurité du systèmeThe work of the thesis presents an original contribution based on the concept of human stability by identifying the associated risks as part of the safety system assessment. In a first part, the difficulties to take into account human factors in safety studies are highlighted and definitions of new ways for the integration of human factors based on the concept of stability are aimed. The second part presents a state of the art resting on stability and resiliency concepts. Although the stability concept is usually defined around a sustainable equilibrium point that induces a feeling of safety control during normal operation, it appears that the stable behavior of a human operator can lead to risks in certain situations such as hypovigilance, inattention and so on. . . The third part lays the foundation of human stability for risks assessment. Human stability is defined as the ability of the operator to stay in a stable operating state under specified conditions. This concept is then formalized and three modes of stability are developed(time, frequency and sequential modes). The following part proposes to apply this concept of human stability in the framework of ERTMS/ETCS. Then, some perspectives highlight the interest of human stability for the definition of risk indicators to assess system safety
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Barboza, Kaline Gonzaga. "Leituras das regras de escrita de cartas: manual epistolar novo secretario portuguez ou código epistolar como dispositivo de formação pedagógica". Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8617.
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This master‟s research‟s theme is the education to civility, analyzed by the device of educational formation, the epistolary manual Novo Secretario Portuguez ou Código Epistolar, by JI Roquette, seeking to contribute with the History of Education, highlighting the historical importance of manuals on the constitution of reading and writing formation. The idea of civility is understood as the education of body and soul, for it molds the subject to the social patterns seen as „distinguished‟ in society interaction. Manuals have constituted important devices to education as a way of formation. Also in the Brazilian civilizing project, in which occurred the production, editing and publishing of entire books, exclusively for teaching the writing of letters and with the circulation of models in Paraíba – research scenario and trade evidence copies of epistolary manuals through the sale of ads that title in nineteenth-century newspapers. The research methodology began with reading Novo Secretario Portuguez ou Código Epistolar, considering it‟s been working for centuries and its historical relevance, as a formation device in Brazilians education, establishing strategic ways of how to form a national identity, in the midst of the construction of a modern e civilized country. Another reading took place, through the content and elements of the perigrafia of the epistolary manual, concerning the teaching of how to write letters. This book makes part of the pedagogic press category of education to civility, teaching rules, conduct patters and letter styles for the population, making legit the daily social contact. It‟s noticeable that the act of writing was considered by Roquette as a practice that revealed the subject and his ways as good manners person, distinction object, tuning with values recommended by those times elite. The content in the manual demonstrate that the protocol education also occurred in the way of writing letters, using a proper manual for this intention, using specific cases and personalities examples, chosen as models to be followed. The discussion of the dissertations theme was based in some important theorist that developed studies about civility, books history and epistolary manuals in the international, national e regional scene.
O tema da pesquisa de mestrado é a educação para a civilidade, analisada por meio do dispositivo de formação educacional e fonte da pesquisa, o manual epistolar Novo Secretario Portuguez ou Código Epistolar, de J. I. Roquette, buscando contribuir com as pesquisas em História da Educação, evidenciando-se a importância histórica dos manuais na constituição do ensino da leitura e da escrita. A concepção de civilidade compreendia a educação do corpo e da alma, no sentido de moldar o sujeito aos padrões sociais tidos como 'distintos', na convivência em sociedade. Os manuais se constituíram em dispositivos importantes à educação como formação, também no projeto civilizador brasileiro, no qual ocorreu a produção, edição e publicação de livros completos, exclusivamente para o ensino da escrita de cartas e, inclusive, com circulação de exemplares na Paraíba – cenário da pesquisa e com evidências de comercialização dos exemplares de manuais epistolares, através dos anúncios de vendas desses títulos nos jornais Oitocentistas. A metodologia de pesquisa iniciou-se com a leitura das páginas do Novo Secretario Portuguez ou Código Epistolar, considerando o seu funcionamento secular e relevância histórica, como dispositivo de formação na educação dos brasileiros, delimitando estratégias para forjar uma identidade nacional, no bojo da construção de um país moderno e civilizado. Realizou-se outra leitura, através do conteúdo e dos elementos da perigrafia do manual epistolar, em relação ao ensino da escrita de cartas. Esse livro fez parte da categoria de impressos pedagógicos de educação à civilidade, ensinando regras, condutas e estilos de cartas para a população, legitimando assim o seu cotidiano social. Percebe-se que o ato de escrever era considerado por Roquette como prática que revelava o sujeito e o seu trato como pessoa de bons modos, objeto de distinção, em sintonia com os valores preconizados pelas elites da época. Os conteúdos abordados pelo manual demonstram que a educação protocolar também ocorria no modo de escrever cartas, utilizando um manual próprio para este fim, trazendo exemplos de casos ocorridos e de personalidades, escolhidas como modelo a serem seguidos. A discussão do tema proposto na dissertação baseou-se em alguns teóricos importantes que desenvolveram estudos sobre Civilidade, História do Livro e Manuais Epistolares no âmbito do cenário internacional, nacional e regional.
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Abi, Fadel Eva. "Une rencontre "philosophique" avec l'art ? Les ateliers Philosoph'art : observations, interprétations, interrogations en France et au Liban". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20063.
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L’objet de cette thèse consiste à analyser une expérience pédagogique en maternelle sur deux ans dans le cadre d’une association lyonnaise « Philosoph’art ». Dans cette recherche, nous interrogeons le statut d’innovation de cette expérience et nous étudions, plus précisément, la posture des animateurs pendant les ateliers à visée philosophique et pendant les ateliers artistiques et nous examinons ce qui fait l’originalité d’une telle expérience mise en perspective avec des travaux déjà existants sur la philosophie avec les enfants et les pratiques artistiques. De plus, nous exposerons la mise en place de ce projet et les conditions qui ont assuré la transférabilité d’une telle expérience au LibanThe subject of this thesis consists in an analysis of an experiment that took place over the course of two years, at the kindergarten level, in association with « Philosoph’art », an organization from Lyon. In this research, we interrogate the status of innovation of this experience and we focus on the posture of the quizmaster during workshops with philosophical content as well as artistic projects. We closely examine what sets apart such experiences from those already in use in philosophy with children and artistic practices. Furthermore, we will explain the set up of this project and the conditions in which it has been made transferable for use in Lebanon
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Chung, Wen-lung y 鐘文隆. "A supernatural dream to guide and inspire--The phenomenon of revelation through a dream regard to meaning of experience and explore from dreamer". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b96cpf.
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碩士南華大學
生死學系
101
The phenomenon and statement of revelation through a dream is familiar in our everyday life, it could be read from many reports. For example, many outstanding issues could be solved by revelation through a dream from victims. The topic of the research meaning is dreamer’s experience, through the interview, all aspects information about dream and researcher and interviewer’s experience of revelation through a dream to write and analyze results. Besides, it could discover three points from dreamers: first, the meaning and interpretation of revelation through a dream for dreamers；Second, the context and specialty of revelation through a dream；Third, the causality of dream for dreamers.And combining the dreamers’ experience to present the extent of dream. The revelation through a dream can be traced back to the beginning of humans’ civilizations. There have been such experiences and phenomenon in cultures and societies throughout generations. Western and eastern cultural inquiries outline that some ancient social and human developments have been resulted in revelations through dreams. This research, in addition, may present discussions revelations through dreams, including psychology, religions, parapsychology and thanatology, etc. I hope to organize a basic and theoretical construction through recorded experiences of revelations through dreams. The research can also collect meaningful points through experienced revelatory dreams: 1. Inquiries through those who have had experiences of revelations through dreams which can tell the complexity and similarity. For example: revelations from dead family members, revelation that externally direct the receiver. These processes act as transmitters which can result the relation between the beginning and the end of the revelatory dream. 2. The whole research can be understood that the symbolism of revelatory dreams. The directions of revelatory dreams may become complicated because the content of the dreams. For example: linguistic direction, non-linguistic direction, body languages, metaphors, etc. These can be the keys to revelatory dreams and the meaning of “revelations”. 3. Because of the receivers’ lifetime experiences, religions, and careers, revelatory dreams cannot be objectively tested and researched through scientific or any other instruments with modern technology. For most the receivers, revelatory dreams can act positive influences. They can feel their lives can be mentally and physically stabilized when they firmly believe their interpreted revelatory dreams. Finally, in order to offer more conference about dream, the research was provided much suggestion. Besides, it also hope that after reading the research could face the meaning aspect by objective and rationality.
Libros sobre el tema "Regard guidé"
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Papillon, Margaret. Mathieu et le vieux mage au regard d'enfant: Le guide : [roman. Port-au-Prince, Haïti: [s.n.], 2000.
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Gioia, Micaela. Far regali: Guida facile a un'arte difficile. Milano: A. Mondadori, 1988.
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Canada. Affaires indiennes et du Nord Canada., ed. A travers le regard de Mala: La vie dans une collectivité inuite : un guide d'apprentissage. Ottawa, Ont: Affaires indiennes et du Nord Canada, 2003.
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Nations, United, ed. United Nations and decolonization: A teaching guide. New York: United Nations, 1985.
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Cultivate a creative mind: A guide to regain creative confidence. [Place of publication not identified]: Outskirts Press, 2014.
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Trade, South Africa Board on Tariffs and. Guide to the policy and procedure with regard to action against unfair international trade practices: Dumping and subsidised export. Pretoria: Board on Tariffs and Trade, Republic of South Africa, 1995.
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Blagin, Anatoliy y Ol'ga Kotova. Astronomy. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1083410.
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Summarize the introductory course of astronomy, given the latest scientific data about space. Each section provides examples of tasks and tasks for independent work of students. Are regarded as standard tasks and Olympiad so the tutorial can also serve as a guide for solving problems of high complexity.
Designed for students in secondary vocational education. It may be useful to the students of gymnasiums, secondary schools and Junior students of universities and teachers of natural science disciplines. Can also be used for self-education.
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The new guide to relaxation: Pilates, joga, meditation, stress relief. UK: Parragon Pub., 2002.
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Cline, Erin M. The Analects: A Guide. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190863111.001.0001.
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The Analects (Lunyu) is not only a collection of the teachings of Kongzi (Confucius) that describes how to follow the Way; it is a sacred text. This book examines why we ought to regard the Analects as a sacred text and what it means to do so. It explores what distinguishes sacred texts from other texts, and explores the history of the Analects and how it has been regarded in the Chinese tradition and in East Asia more broadly, from its composition and compilation to the evolution of its enduring status and influence. It also examines the content of the Analects concerning the sacred, including rituals, Tian (“Heaven”), de (“moral power”), different kinds of spirits, and its presentation of Kongzi not just as a teacher but also as an exemplar. It argues that we find a deep concern in the Analects with things we might call sacred, spiritual, or religious, but that are part of our everyday lives. All of these things, together, offer good reasons to study the Analects as a sacred text.
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Stern, Marc J. Putting it all together. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793182.003.0010.
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This synthesis chapter accomplishes two goals. First, it provides an overarching guide for matching theories to contexts, particularly with regard to the nature of conflict of different situations, in pursuit of persuasion, collaboration, and ultimately long-lasting and resilient solutions to environmental problems. Readers can use this guide to select appropriate theories to consider for the specific challenges they face. Second, the chapter distills a list of fifteen key principles that stretch across the social sciences to guide ongoing efforts toward environmental sustainability.
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Regard guidé"
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Rechnitzer, Tanja. "Introduction". En Applying Reflective Equilibrium, 1–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04333-8_1.
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AbstractReflective equilibrium (RE) is widely regarded as an important philosophical method—yet despite this high regard, we find strikingly few cases in which it is actually and explicitly applied. This chapter introduces the main ideas of reflective equilibrium, gives an overview about how it has been applied so far, and identifies desiderata for a case study on the applicability of reflective equilibrium as a method. I argue that the justification of a precautionary principle (PP) provides ideal content for such a case study: PPs are intended as principles that guide decisions concerning threats of uncertain, but potentially serious or even catastrophic harm. While the basic idea of PPs—“better safe than sorry”—is intuitively plausible, it is contested how it should be spelled out as a normative principle. It thus provides an ideal case to test whether RE can indeed be used to provide clarification and justification of philosophical principles and theories.
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Kram, Wolfgang, Julia E. de la Cruz, Owen Humphreys, Noor Buchholz y Federico Soria. "Methodology for the Development and Validation of New Stent Designs: In Vitro and In Vivo Models". En Urinary Stents, 159–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04484-7_14.
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AbstractThe urinary tract is a highly complex, dynamic and variable environment that renders the development of urinary stents extremely challenging. It is mandatory that previous to clinical trials, innovations in urinary medical devices are tested in a preclinical context. The steps of translational research in this regard include in silico, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo assessments. In this chapter, a critical review of the in vitro stent assessment models is performed, outlining briefly their strengths and weaknesses. Subsequently, a discussion concerning the available animal models for urinary stent evaluation is made with the aim of providing a critical guide for experimental preclinical evaluation of urological devices.
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Berthet, Valentine, Barbara Gaweda, Johanna Kantola, Cherry Miller, Petra Ahrens y Anna Elomäki. "Set up: The European Parliament". En Guide to Qualitative Research in Parliaments, 13–29. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39808-7_2.
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AbstractPrior to conducting any research, it is crucial to understand and familiarise oneself with the research context and setting. The chapter provides an overview of the existing research on the European Parliament and its political groups, as well as key information on the Parliament as a setting for qualitative research. Following the step-by-step approach of the book, Chapter 2 provides the readers with key preliminary insights about the European Parliament with regard to conducting qualitative research. It engages with key concepts in qualitative research on parliaments and discusses them in light of the uniqueness of the European Parliament. Specifically, the cultural and linguistic diversity and its highly technical legislative process and complex institutional context make the European Parliament a rich albeit challenging site of qualitative research. The chapter stresses the high level of informality in the parliamentary work of the European Parliament and highlights the contributions qualitative research makes to a field still largely dominated by quantitative research. The study of everyday dynamics and informal practices reinforces the importance of utilising a qualitative toolkit and data, like interviews and ethnography, and that of broadening the range of research participants to parliamentary staff from political elites only.
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Piret, Bérengère. "Regards sur les archives relatives à la colonisation belge conservées hors de Belgique". En Belgique, Congo, Rwanda et Burundi : Guide des sources de l’histoire de la colonisation (19e-20e siècle), 71–86. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.stmch-eb.5.127891.
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Pyeon, Cheol Ho. "Reactor Kinetics". En Accelerator-Driven System at Kyoto University Critical Assembly, 51–81. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0344-0_3.
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AbstractIn static and kinetic experimental analyses, the reactivity effect of introducing a neutron guide has been examined with various materials and adjustments of the beam window. With the objective of improving the KUCA core characteristics, the implementation of the neutron guide is predicted to increase the fast neutrons in directing the fuel region. With regard to the kinetic characteristics, the subcriticality and the prompt neutron decay constant are monitored for several core configurations and detector positions. The KUCA core is equipped to make locally a hard spectrum core region with the combined use of 235U fuel, a polyethylene moderator, and a Pb–Bi reflector for criticality. In this study, the first attempt is made to examine experimentally the characteristics of kinetics parameters in ADS comprised of 235U-fueled and Pb–Bi-zoned core, and spallation neutrons generated by an injection of 100 MeV protons onto the solid Pb–Bi target. Online monitoring of reactivity has been deduced in real time by the inverse kinetic method on the basis of the one-point kinetic equation with measured neutron signals in the core. Here, measurements by the one-point kinetic equation are validated through the subcriticality evaluation with the PNS histogram and the methodology by the inhour equation.
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Meier Magistretti, Claudia y Beat Reichlin. "Salutogenesis and the Sense of Coherence in Young Adults Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET)". En The Handbook of Salutogenesis, 151–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79515-3_17.
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AbstractIn this chapter, the authors discuss the topic of young adults not in education, employment, or training (NEETs). Although estimates of the number of NEETs vary, the problem seems to be global and growing. The many programs that try to support NEETs fail to reach them and guide them successfully into work, housing, and social participation. Helping systems regard NEETs as patients, cases, or not yet enabled adults and thereby fail to meet their needs as well as their potential. Confronting the limits of current approaches, the authors emphasise the need for a salutogenic orientation in research and practice with NEETs. They provide guidance and inspiration for novel approches and describe promising NEET initiatives. These initiatives are characterised by having a genuine health orientation, NEET participation, the centrality of learning processes, and flexible, adaptive models of individual and social development in combination with enhanced employment, education, training, and entrepreneurship opportunities.
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"Guide du lecteur". En Regards sur l'éducation. OECD, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/f4da5fee-fr.
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"Guide du lecteur". En Regards sur l'éducation, 21–25. OECD, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag-2018-4-fr.
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"Guide du lecteur". En Regards sur l'éducation. OECD, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/e89ade17-fr.
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"Guide du lecteur". En Regards sur l'éducation, 31. OECD, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag-2011-4-fr.
Texto completoActas de conferencias sobre el tema "Regard guidé"
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Ammons, S. Mark, Lisa Poyneer, Donald T. Gavel, Renate Kupke, Claire E. Max y Luke Johnson. "Evidence that wind prediction with multiple guide stars reduces tomographic errors and expands MOAO field of regard". En SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, editado por Brent L. Ellerbroek, Enrico Marchetti y Jean-Pierre Véran. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.927283.
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Dick, J. "A Requirements Guide For All (REGAL): An INCOSE Initiative". En 14th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/re.2006.7.
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Jean-Baptiste, L. H., G. Fanmuy y C. Salinesi. "Sharing methodological knowledge with REGAL: "requirements engineering guide for all"". En 13th IEEE International Conference on Requirements Engineering (RE'05). IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/re.2005.66.
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Figaschewsky, Felix, Thomas Giersch y Arnold Kühhorn. "Forced Response Prediction of an Axial Turbine Rotor With Regard to Aerodynamically Mistuned Excitation". En ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25896.
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The design of both efficient and reliable turbomachinery blades demands a detailed knowledge of static and dynamic forces during operation. This paper aims to contribute to the proper identification of dynamic excitation mechanisms acting on an axial turbine rotor, particularly with regard to deviations of the NGV’s nominal geometry due to the use of variable vanes or tolerances in manufacturing. As variations of the NGV’s geometry disturb the perfectly periodic pattern of the downstream flow features, other spectral components than those correlated with the number of stator vanes are possible to appear. These frequency components may lead to low engine order excitation of fundamental blade modes at high engine speeds. Under these operating conditions the rotor is already highly loaded with centrifugal forces and additional dynamic excitation may cause unacceptable stresses. Thus aerodynamic mistuning might be a limiting criterion for the design of a highly loaded turbine rotor. Within this paper 2 dimensional CFD-models are used to investigate both, the determination of the wake of a geometric mistuned stator guide vane and the influence of the resulting excitation on the adjacent rotor stage due to aerodynamically mistuned flow. In order to generate a mistuned NGV geometry, variations of pitch and stagger angle are taken into account and a mesh morpher is used to produce computational domains of the mistuned geometry on the basis of a nominal mesh. Additionally a simplified reconstruction process based on a set of CFD computations will be introduced, being able to reproduce the spectral components of the mistuned wake by specifying a certain geometric mistuning distribution. The prediction of the resulting modal forces is carried out in time domain and approaches with lower fidelity are investigated with respect to their capability of reproducing the key features of an aerodynamically mistuned excitation mechanism.
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Layachi, M. Y. y A. Bölcs. "Effect of the Axial Spacing Between Rotor and Stator With Regard to the Indexing in an Axial Compressor". En ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0592.
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An experimental investigation was carried out to examine the influence of the axial spacing between rotor and stator. The test facility of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology is made up of an inlet guide vane (IGV), a rotor and a stator. Temperature and aerodynamic measurements determined the characteristics of the compressor stage. Data were acquired over a range of flow coefficients for four different axial spacings. A refined measurement mesh was used for Pitot probe measurements in different sections of the compressor. As the compressor has a rather low aspect ratio of 1.21, the flow was governed by strong secondary flows. The interaction between the different secondary flows, especially the Influence of the IGV wake on the secondary flows in the stator, were detected by the detailed Pitot probe measurements. Shifting the stator axially changes the circumferential position of the IGV wake entering the stator. From this statement, the link between an axial variation of the distance between rotor and stator and the clocking between IGV and stator will be shown. Further Pitot measurement with different indexings between IGV and stator were performed. The Pitot measurements for the different axial spacings as for the different indexings brought to light strong interactions in the wall regions especially between the IGV wake and the clearances at the rotor tip and at the stator hub. The structure of the flow thus changes with the indexing and with the axial spacing.
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Fritsch, Klaus. "Calibrating Non-Automatic Weighing Instruments - Recent Developments with Regards to Global Harmonization". En NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2015.23.
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The metrology of measuring instruments is a critical component of any organization’s quality operations. The standout prerequisite for traceable and accurate weighing is the effective calibration of weighing instruments, covered under the company's quality management system. It seems, however, that not all organizations have a thorough understanding of current metrological science. Unless specifically addressed by metrologists, it is still a widespread belief that calibrating a weighing instrument mainly consists of placing reference masses on the weighing platform with the objective to assess the deviation between the indication and the mass value of the reference. Not everybody is aware that calibration is a process that establishes a relation between quantity values provided by measurement standards and corresponding indications, which is only complete if the contributing measurement uncertainties are taken into account. On a national level, there are manifold calibration guidelines for weighing instruments, which are based on the concepts described in the Guide of the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). However, on a global level, only one document remains: The EURAMET calibration guideline cg-18 "Calibration of non-automatic weighing instruments". This document is currently under revision and might also act as a basis for a possible development of a US calibration guideline. This article focuses on the EURAMET cg-18 calibration guideline and its recent revision, specifically highlighting its practical implications for applications in the laboratory and the production area. One appendix that is added to the guideline introduces the so-called "minimum weight", i.e. the smallest sample quantity required for a weighment to just achieve a specified relative accuracy of weighing. The concept of minimum weight was also introduced during recent developments in the regulated industry in regards to the revision of the USP General Chapters 41 and 1251, thus also putting emphasis on key properties of weighing instruments that strongly affect the quality of weighing results.
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Clemen, C., P. Albrecht y S. Herzog. "Systematic Optimisation of a Turbofan Bypass Duct System". En ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68276.
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A reduction of CO2 emissions of aero engines can only be achieved by a reduction in the fuel consumption. For turbofan engines a major key for this is an increase in the engine bypass ratio to enhance the propulsive efficiency. This leads to an increased mass flow in the bypass duct and hence higher contributions of the bypass duct system to the flow pressure losses and hence the engine fuel consumption. Additionally the turbofan core engine gets smaller in size and the overall diameter of the engine increases. This requires advanced engine mounting concepts, such as core mounted subsystems, which influence the arrangement and the mechanical and aerodynamic design of components in the bypass duct such as fan outlet guide vane, struts, fairings or bifurcations. This requires an optimized design of the turbofan bypass system with regards to structural, aerodynamic and acoustic criteria. The topology of the bypass duct as well as the position and the design of the individual components have a significant impact on the weight, the efficiency and the noise radiation of the engine and hence need to be investigated in a systematic approach. Such a design approach was developed in the R&T project OPAL, led by Rolls-Royce Deutschland and funded by the German Federal State of Brandenburg. The design approach covers the following steps: - Optimization of the bypass duct shape with regards to minimum pressure loss taking into consideration the mechanical requirements of an engine with core mounted subsystems. - Optimization of strut, fairing and bifurcation shapes with regards to minimum pressure loss, robustness against flow deviations and minimized upstream flow effects taking into consideration structural and mechanical requirements by engine loads and subsystem routings. - Optimization of fan outlet guide vane profile and plan form shape with regards to minimum pressure losses and maximum working range taking into consideration structural and acoustic constraints. - Optimization of fan-outlet guide vane, strut and bifurcation interaction with regards to minimum pressure losses and maximized aerodynamic stability of the fan and outlet guide vanes. The current paper will present the design approach, the optimization processes and the results of the optimization of the turbofan bypass duct system for the application on modern high-bypass ratio aero engines.
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Baker, Clifford, Kevin McSweeney y Julie Pray. "Ergonomic Notations for Ships and Offshore Structures". En ASME/USCG 2013 3rd Workshop on Marine Technology and Standards. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mts2013-0318.
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In cooperation with industry partners, ABS supports a database of maritime accidents and close calls, as well as the associated causes. Analyses of these data are used, in part, to guide the research and development activities of the ABS Safety and Human Factors Department. With regard to occupational safety, a dominant theme in these data is the relationship of the design of structures for means of access to crew member injuries and deaths, with significant numbers of these occurring during the use of ladders, stairs, hatches, platforms, and other access aids. As a result, an ABS Guide has been prepared to evaluate the ergonomic design characteristics of access structures aboard ships and offshore facilities. Compliance with the requirements in the Guide can lead to the granting of up to four separate ABS ergonomic notations (ERGO notations). Paper published with permission.
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Mustaffa, Zahiraniza, Mohamad Mounes Sadek, Mahendran Shitan y Alex W. Dawotola. "Top-of-Line Spatial Corrosion Prediction in Gas Pipelines". En ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23750.
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The top-of-line corrosion (TLC) is corrosion observed at the upper section of a pipeline, as measured from the circumference of the pipe. The magnitude of TLC is mostly determined using the mechanistic condensation models. The spatial prediction of TLC, however, has not been of the interest among researchers, so as to know at what o’clock orientations (with respect to pipeline cross section) corrosion may accumulate the most. TLC spatial prediction is directly related to the release of corrosion inhibitor (CI) in the pipeline. The probability of retaining CI at the upper part of the pipeline is always a challenge due to the inconsistency of the operational flow parameters coupled by acceleration due to gravity. Thus, there is the need to properly understand the development of TLC with regard to its space. This paper proposes the analysis on TLC spatial prediction to be carried out by means of statistical approaches called the Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) due to the nature of corrosion that are random. EDA is a simple tool that is able to summarize the main characteristics of TLC data using visual methods. The TLC data was taken from a gas pipeline operating in Malaysian offshore region. A median polish model (of EDA) for the TLC was later generated. A prediction table was also developed to guide users on the estimate of TLC in gas pipelines with regards to the o’clock orientations of the pipe circumference.
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Wu, Xijia, Zhong Zhang, Leiyong Jiang y Prakash Patnaik. "Material Selection Issues for a Nozzle Guide Vane Against Service Induced Failure". En ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56120.
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Nozzle guide vanes (NGV) of gas turbine engines are the first components to withstand the impingement of hot combustion gas, and therefore often suffer thermal fatigue failures in service. A lifing analysis is performed for the NGV of a gas turbine engine using the integrated creep-fatigue theory (ICFT). With the constitutive formulation of inelastic strain in terms of mechanism-strain components such as rate-independent plasticity, dislocation glide-plus-climb, and grain boundary sliding, the dominant deformation mechanisms at the critical locations are thus identified quantitatively with the corresponding mechanism-strain component. The material selection scenarios are discussed with regards to damage accumulated during take-off and cruise. The interplay of those deformation mechanisms in the failure process are elucidated such that an “optimum” material selection solution may be achieved.
Informes sobre el tema "Regard guidé"
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Whitehead, Martha, Dale Askey, Donna Bourne-Tyson, Karen Estlund, Susan Haigh, Claire Stewart, Kornelia Tancheva, Tyler Walters, Jennifer Muilenburg y Judy Ruttenberg. ARL/CARL Joint Task Force on Research Data Services: Final Report. Association of Research Libraries and Canadian Association of Research Libraries, julio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/report.arlcarlrdstaskforce2021.
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The Association of Research Libraries (ARL)/Canadian Association of Research Libraries (CARL) Joint Task Force on Research Data Services formed in 2020 with a two-fold purpose: (1) to demonstrate and commit to the roles research libraries have in stewarding research data and as part of institution-wide research support services and (2) to guide the development of resources for the ARL and CARL memberships in advancing their organizations as collaborative partners with respect to research data services in the context of FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) data principles and the US National Academies’ Open Science by Design framework. Research libraries will be successful in meeting these objectives if they act collectively and are deeply engaged with disciplinary communities. The task force formed three working groups of data practitioners, representing a wealth of expertise, to research the institutional landscape and policy environment in both the US and Canada. This report presents the task force’s recommendations for the roles of research libraries with regard to research data principles, policies, and approaches to managing research data. The report also offers strategies for discipline-specific research data approaches, priorities for automation of processes, economic models to scale and sustain shared resources, prioritization of research data to steward, and decision-making rubrics.
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Raw, Silvia, Fernando Vargas, Inder J. Ruprah, Jose Ignacio Sembler, Patricia Sadeghi y Julia Sekkel. Country Program Evaluation: Brazil (2007-2010). Inter-American Development Bank, octubre de 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010439.
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This evaluation examines the IDB's Country Program with Brazil for the 2007-2010 period. The evaluation found that the program with Brazil has been very relevant, because the IDB has been able to maintain its competitive advantage in the country by changing its business model in light of declining federal demand. Under this model, lending focused on three types of clients: (a) sub-national governments; (b) the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES), and (c) the private sector. The evaluation also found that there is room for improvement in regards to operational efficiency and development effectiveness, which are in part related to the business model. OVE recommends that in its new country strategy, the IDB should (i) ensure appropriate focus in the program by specifying ex ante criteria to be used in considering the mix of operations, including the strategic orientation that will guide the choice of non-sovereign loans; (ii) explicitly include measures to improve operational efficiency; and (iii) include an action plan with time bound targets for improving the measurement and dissemination of its development effectiveness.
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Gaviria, Alejandro, Jere R. Behrman y Miguel Székely. Intergenerational Mobility in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, junio de 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010793.
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High inequality has long been regarded as one of the main problems facing Latin American countries. To understand better the determinants of inequality and to help guide thinking about policy options, it is useful to know whether inequality mainly reflects low intergenerational mobility or whether it is driven by differences in individual characteristics that arise independently of family background. In this paper we use five household surveys with questions about parental socioeconomic characteristics for adults, and a set of 112 standard household surveys to examine the intergenerational transmission of schooling and occupational status in Latin America and the United States. We find that intergenerational mobility is much higher in the United States than in Latin America, that there are sizable differences in mobility within Latin America, and that mobility in Latin America is strongly associated with schooling levels and expenditures on education.
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Gordon, Eleanor y Briony Jones. Building Success in Development and Peacebuilding by Caring for Carers: A Guide to Research, Policy and Practice to Ensure Effective, Inclusive and Responsive Interventions. University of Warwick Press, abril de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-1-911675-00-6.
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The experiences and marginalisation of international organisation employees with caring responsibilities has a direct negative impact on the type of security and justice being built in conflict-affected environments. This is in large part because international organisations fail to respond to the needs of those with caring responsibilities, which leads to their early departure from the field, and negatively affects their work while in post. In this toolkit we describe this problem, the exacerbating factors, and challenges to overcoming it. We offer a theory of change demonstrating how caring for carers can both improve the working conditions of employees of international organisations as well as the effectiveness, inclusivity and responsiveness of peace and justice interventions. This is important because it raises awareness among employers in the sector of the severity of the problem and its consequences. We also offer a guide for employers for how to take the caring responsibilities of their employees into account when developing human resource policies and practices, designing working conditions and planning interventions. Finally, we underscore the importance of conducting research on the gendered impacts of the marginalisation of employees with caring responsibilities, not least because of the breadth and depth of resultant individual, organisational and sectoral harms. In this regard, we also draw attention to the way in which gender stereotypes and gender biases not only inform and undermine peacebuilding efforts, but also permeate research in this field. Our toolkit is aimed at international organisation employees, employers and human resources personnel, as well as students and scholars of peacebuilding and international development. We see these communities of knowledge and action as overlapping, with insights to be brought to bear as well as challenges to be overcome in this area. The content of the toolkit is equally relevant across these knowledge communities as well as between different specialisms and disciplines. Peacebuilding and development draw in experts from economics, politics, anthropology, sociology and law, to name but a few. The authors of this toolkit have come together from gender studies, political science, and development studies to develop a theory of change informed by interdisciplinary insights. We hope, therefore, that this toolkit will be useful to an inclusive and interdisciplinary set of knowledge communities. Our core argument - that caring for carers benefits the individual, the sectors, and the intended beneficiaries of interventions - is relevant for students, researchers, policy makers and practitioners alike.
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Elshabik, Mohamed, ed. Citizens’ Perceptions of Democratic Participation in Sudan. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA), abril de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2022.12.
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Democracy cannot prosper without democrats. The challenges facing the democratic transformation in Sudan are immense. This report signified the power-sharing intricacies that had been in place for over two years between the civilians and military. The 25 October coup put an end to that partnership. Nonetheless, people in Sudan are increasingly determined to regain their democratic transition. Building Democracy requires more than extending goodwill. It has always been said democracy cannot prosper without democrats. In context, International IDEA Sudan’s Programme saw the need to explore the perceptions of the main stakeholder in the democratic transition of Sudan, its people. The primary objective of this report is to study the perceptions among the Sudanese population of the motivations for and barriers to democratic participation. The study aims to generate a baseline of understanding to guide the design of further relevant civic education interventions. Methodologically, this was achieved using primary and secondary data sources: Primary data was collected through direct fieldwork using a structured questionnaire, interviews, focus group discussions and key informant interviews, as well as participatory observation. Secondary sources were collated in a desk review of existing academic and public opinion research, such as data from Afro-barometer and the International IDEA Global State of Democracy Indices.
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Rankin, Nicole, Deborah McGregor, Candice Donnelly, Bethany Van Dort, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Anne Cust y Emily Stone. Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography for high risk populations: Investigating effectiveness and screening program implementation considerations: An Evidence Check rapid review brokered by the Sax Institute (www.saxinstitute.org.au) for the Cancer Institute NSW. The Sax Institute, octubre de 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/clzt5093.
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Background Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer death worldwide.(1) It is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia (12,741 cases diagnosed in 2018) and the leading cause of cancer death.(2) The number of years of potential life lost to lung cancer in Australia is estimated to be 58,450, similar to that of colorectal and breast cancer combined.(3) While tobacco control strategies are most effective for disease prevention in the general population, early detection via low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in high-risk populations is a viable option for detecting asymptomatic disease in current (13%) and former (24%) Australian smokers.(4) The purpose of this Evidence Check review is to identify and analyse existing and emerging evidence for LDCT lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals to guide future program and policy planning. Evidence Check questions This review aimed to address the following questions: 1. What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 2. What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 3. What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? 4. What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Summary of methods The authors searched the peer-reviewed literature across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase) for existing systematic reviews and original studies published between 1 January 2009 and 8 August 2019. Fifteen systematic reviews (of which 8 were contemporary) and 64 original publications met the inclusion criteria set across the four questions. Key findings Question 1: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? There is sufficient evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of combined (pooled) data from screening trials (of high-risk individuals) to indicate that LDCT examination is clinically effective in reducing lung cancer mortality. In 2011, the landmark National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST, a large-scale randomised controlled trial [RCT] conducted in the US) reported a 20% (95% CI 6.8% – 26.7%; P=0.004) relative reduction in mortality among long-term heavy smokers over three rounds of annual screening. High-risk eligibility criteria was defined as people aged 55–74 years with a smoking history of ≥30 pack-years (years in which a smoker has consumed 20-plus cigarettes each day) and, for former smokers, ≥30 pack-years and have quit within the past 15 years.(5) All-cause mortality was reduced by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2% – 13.6%; P=0.02). Initial data from the second landmark RCT, the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (known as the NELSON trial), have found an even greater reduction of 26% (95% CI, 9% – 41%) in lung cancer mortality, with full trial results yet to be published.(6, 7) Pooled analyses, including several smaller-scale European LDCT screening trials insufficiently powered in their own right, collectively demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in lung cancer mortality (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73–0.91).(8) Despite the reduction in all-cause mortality found in the NLST, pooled analyses of seven trials found no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00).(8) However, cancer-specific mortality is currently the most relevant outcome in cancer screening trials. These seven trials demonstrated a significantly greater proportion of early stage cancers in LDCT groups compared with controls (RR 2.08, 95% CI 1.43–3.03). Thus, when considering results across mortality outcomes and early stage cancers diagnosed, LDCT screening is considered to be clinically effective. Question 2: What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? The harms of LDCT lung cancer screening include false positive tests and the consequences of unnecessary invasive follow-up procedures for conditions that are eventually diagnosed as benign. While LDCT screening leads to an increased frequency of invasive procedures, it does not result in greater mortality soon after an invasive procedure (in trial settings when compared with the control arm).(8) Overdiagnosis, exposure to radiation, psychological distress and an impact on quality of life are other known harms. Systematic review evidence indicates the benefits of LDCT screening are likely to outweigh the harms. The potential harms are likely to be reduced as refinements are made to LDCT screening protocols through: i) the application of risk predication models (e.g. the PLCOm2012), which enable a more accurate selection of the high-risk population through the use of specific criteria (beyond age and smoking history); ii) the use of nodule management algorithms (e.g. Lung-RADS, PanCan), which assist in the diagnostic evaluation of screen-detected nodules and cancers (e.g. more precise volumetric assessment of nodules); and, iii) more judicious selection of patients for invasive procedures. Recent evidence suggests a positive LDCT result may transiently increase psychological distress but does not have long-term adverse effects on psychological distress or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). With regards to smoking cessation, there is no evidence to suggest screening participation invokes a false sense of assurance in smokers, nor a reduction in motivation to quit. The NELSON and Danish trials found no difference in smoking cessation rates between LDCT screening and control groups. Higher net cessation rates, compared with general population, suggest those who participate in screening trials may already be motivated to quit. Question 3: What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? There are no systematic reviews that capture the main components of recent major lung cancer screening trials and programs. We extracted evidence from original studies and clinical guidance documents and organised this into key groups to form a concise set of components for potential implementation of a national lung cancer screening program in Australia: 1. Identifying the high-risk population: recruitment, eligibility, selection and referral 2. Educating the public, people at high risk and healthcare providers; this includes creating awareness of lung cancer, the benefits and harms of LDCT screening, and shared decision-making 3. Components necessary for health services to deliver a screening program: a. Planning phase: e.g. human resources to coordinate the program, electronic data systems that integrate medical records information and link to an established national registry b. Implementation phase: e.g. human and technological resources required to conduct LDCT examinations, interpretation of reports and communication of results to participants c. Monitoring and evaluation phase: e.g. monitoring outcomes across patients, radiological reporting, compliance with established standards and a quality assurance program 4. Data reporting and research, e.g. audit and feedback to multidisciplinary teams, reporting outcomes to enhance international research into LDCT screening 5. Incorporation of smoking cessation interventions, e.g. specific programs designed for LDCT screening or referral to existing community or hospital-based services that deliver cessation interventions. Most original studies are single-institution evaluations that contain descriptive data about the processes required to establish and implement a high-risk population-based screening program. Across all studies there is a consistent message as to the challenges and complexities of establishing LDCT screening programs to attract people at high risk who will receive the greatest benefits from participation. With regards to smoking cessation, evidence from one systematic review indicates the optimal strategy for incorporating smoking cessation interventions into a LDCT screening program is unclear. There is widespread agreement that LDCT screening attendance presents a ‘teachable moment’ for cessation advice, especially among those people who receive a positive scan result. Smoking cessation is an area of significant research investment; for instance, eight US-based clinical trials are now underway that aim to address how best to design and deliver cessation programs within large-scale LDCT screening programs.(9) Question 4: What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Assessing the value or cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening involves a complex interplay of factors including data on effectiveness and costs, and institutional context. A key input is data about the effectiveness of potential and current screening programs with respect to case detection, and the likely outcomes of treating those cases sooner (in the presence of LDCT screening) as opposed to later (in the absence of LDCT screening). Evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening programs has been summarised in two systematic reviews. We identified a further 13 studies—five modelling studies, one discrete choice experiment and seven articles—that used a variety of methods to assess cost-effectiveness. Three modelling studies indicated LDCT screening was cost-effective in the settings of the US and Europe. Two studies—one from Australia and one from New Zealand—reported LDCT screening would not be cost-effective using NLST-like protocols. We anticipate that, following the full publication of the NELSON trial, cost-effectiveness studies will likely be updated with new data that reduce uncertainty about factors that influence modelling outcomes, including the findings of indeterminate nodules. Gaps in the evidence There is a large and accessible body of evidence as to the effectiveness (Q1) and harms (Q2) of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Nevertheless, there are significant gaps in the evidence about the program components that are required to implement an effective LDCT screening program (Q3). Questions about LDCT screening acceptability and feasibility were not explicitly included in the scope. However, as the evidence is based primarily on US programs and UK pilot studies, the relevance to the local setting requires careful consideration. The Queensland Lung Cancer Screening Study provides feasibility data about clinical aspects of LDCT screening but little about program design. The International Lung Screening Trial is still in the recruitment phase and findings are not yet available for inclusion in this Evidence Check. The Australian Population Based Screening Framework was developed to “inform decision-makers on the key issues to be considered when assessing potential screening programs in Australia”.(10) As the Framework is specific to population-based, rather than high-risk, screening programs, there is a lack of clarity about transferability of criteria. However, the Framework criteria do stipulate that a screening program must be acceptable to “important subgroups such as target participants who are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people from disadvantaged groups and people with a disability”.(10) An extensive search of the literature highlighted that there is very little information about the acceptability of LDCT screening to these population groups in Australia. Yet they are part of the high-risk population.(10) There are also considerable gaps in the evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening in different settings, including Australia. The evidence base in this area is rapidly evolving and is likely to include new data from the NELSON trial and incorporate data about the costs of targeted- and immuno-therapies as these treatments become more widely available in Australia.
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Modernization of the State: Strategy Document. Inter-American Development Bank, julio de 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008394.
Texto completoResumen
The strategy document was favorably reviewed by the IDB Board of Executive Directors on July 23, 2003. The objective of this strategy is to establish the basic concepts that should guide Bank operations with regards to modernization of the State.
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The launch of the ASSAf inclusivity initiative for gender equity and persons with disabilities as part of the Science Forum South Africa 2023 panel discussion. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2024/101.
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Gender equity, disability and inclusivity are human rights issues, and the South African Constitution enshrines the rights of citizens at all levels. The Sustainable Development Goals 5 and 10 promote gender equality and reduced inequalities, respectively. Furthermore, the South Africa’s Decadal Plan in science, technology and innovation (STI) calls for the creation of an inclusive economy and equity ambitions set by the Gender- Responsive Planning Budgeting, Monitoring, Evaluation and Auditing Framework. In spite of these legislative prerogatives, initiatives to promote the participation of women and people living with disabilities are slow to produce significant change. ASSAf is no exception in this regard, with 70% of members being male academics and statistics of participation of persons with disabilities is lacking. As a result, ASSAf developed a transformation strategy which incorporated the 2019 White Paper on STI as one of many instruments to guide the organisation in prioritising inclusivity and transformation in STI, and the ASSAf Inclusivity Initiative on Gender Equity and Persons with Disabilities is one such tool. The ASSAf Inclusivity Initiative on Gender Equity and Persons with Disabilities focuses on advancing inclusive participation of persons with disabilities and women in science, technology and innovation within its Membership and within the national system of innovation (NSI). ASSAf launched the Inclusivity Initiative on Gender and Persons with Disabilities during the 2023 Science Forum South Africa in order to raise awareness on the Initiative and to seek partnerships from beyond the academic sector. It is envisioned that the Initiative will also provide ASSAf with a platform to strengthen collaborations with other stakeholders in raising awareness of and in championing solutions to curb the barriers that impede equal opportunities and access to Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) by women, young girls and, persons with disabilities within the National System of Innovation. The participants provided valuable inputs and recommendations which ASSAf will take into consideration in the next phase of the process. Speakers included: Prof Olubukola Oluranti Babalola (ASSAf Member; OWSD; TWAS); Dr Tebogo Mabotha (ASSAf); Dr Anila Pretorious (Wits); Ms Dineo Mmako (DWYPD); Mr Mark Bannister (DWS); Ms Bongiwe Mkhithika (DSI); Mr Gerhard Coetzee (INVEN-D) and Dr Tozama Qwebani (ASSAf). There were over 60 participants in attendance.