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Kong, Derong, Wenxia Li, Fan Lü, Zhiqiang Wang y Jiayi Xu. "Univoque bases of real numbers: Local dimension, Devil's staircase and isolated points". Advances in Applied Mathematics 121 (octubre de 2020): 102103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aam.2020.102103.
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SLAPAR, MARKO. "CANCELLING COMPLEX POINTS IN CODIMENSION TWO". Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 88, n.º 1 (9 de agosto de 2012): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972712000652.
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AbstractA generically embedded real submanifold of codimension two in a complex manifold has isolated complex points that can be classified as either elliptic or hyperbolic. In this paper we show that a pair consisting of one elliptic and one hyperbolic complex point of the same sign can be cancelled by a $\mathcal {C}^{0}$small isotopy of embeddings.
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Santos, Raimundo Nonato Araújo Dos. "Topological triviality of families of real isolated singularities and their Milnor fibrations". MATHEMATICA SCANDINAVICA 96, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2005): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/math.scand.a-14946.
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KLOTZ, CARSTEN, OTILIA POP y JOACHIM H. RIEGER. "Real double-points of deformations of -simple map-germs from n to 2n". Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 142, n.º 2 (marzo de 2007): 341–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004106009911.
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AbstractThe only stable singularities of a real map-germ $f:{\mathbb R} ^n\to{\mathbb R} ^{2n}$ are isolated transverse double-points. All ${{\cal A}}$-simple germs f have a deformation with the maximal number d(f) of real double-points (this is a partial generalization to higher n of the result of A'Campo [1] and Gusein-Zade [13] that all plane curve-germs have a deformation with δ real double points, with the extra hypothesis of ${{\cal A}}$-simplicity). The proof of this result is based on a classification of all ${{\cal A}}$-simple orbits.
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Liao, Zhiwu, Shaoxiang Hu, Dan Sun y Wufan Chen. "Enclosed Laplacian Operator of Nonlinear Anisotropic Diffusion to Preserve Singularities and Delete Isolated Points in Image Smoothing". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2011 (2011): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/749456.
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Existing Nonlinear Anisotropic Diffusion (NAD) methods in image smoothing cannot obtain satisfied results near singularities and isolated points because of the discretization errors. In this paper, we propose a new scheme, named Enclosed Laplacian Operator of Nonlinear Anisotropic Diffusion (ELONAD), which allows us to provide a unified framework for points in flat regions, edge points and corners, even can delete isolated points and spurs. ELONAD extends two diffusion directions of classical NAD to eight or more enclosed directions. Thus it not only performs NAD according to modules of enclosed directions which can reduce the influence of traction errors greatly, but also distinguishes isolated points and small spurs from corners which must be preserved. Smoothing results for test patterns and real images using different discretization schemes are also given to test and verify our discussions.
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Fomin, Sergey y Eugenii Shustin. "Expressive curves". Communications of the American Mathematical Society 3, n.º 10 (28 de agosto de 2023): 669–743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/cams/12.
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We initiate the study of a class of real plane algebraic curves which we call expressive. These are the curves whose defining polynomial has the smallest number of critical points allowed by the topology of the set of real points of a curve. This concept can be viewed as a global version of the notion of a real morsification of an isolated plane curve singularity. We prove that a plane curve C C is expressive if (a) each irreducible component of C C can be parametrized by real polynomials (either ordinary or trigonometric), (b) all singular points of C C in the affine plane are ordinary hyperbolic nodes, and (c) the set of real points of C C in the affine plane is connected. Conversely, an expressive curve with real irreducible components must satisfy conditions (a)–(c), unless it exhibits some exotic behaviour at infinity. We describe several constructions that produce expressive curves, and discuss a large number of examples, including: arrangements of lines, parabolas, and circles; Chebyshev and Lissajous curves; hypotrochoids and epitrochoids; and much more.
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VAN STRATEN, DUCO y THORSTEN WARMT. "Gorenstein-duality for one-dimensional almost complete intersections – with an application to non-isolated real singularities". Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 158, n.º 2 (16 de diciembre de 2014): 249–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004114000504.
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AbstractWe give a generalisation of the duality of a zero-dimensional complete intersection for the case of one-dimensional almost complete intersections, which results in a Gorenstein module M = I/J. In the real case the resulting pairing has a signature, which we show to be constant under flat deformations. In the special case of a non-isolated real hypersurface singularity f, with a one-dimensional critical locus, we relate the signature on the Jacobian module I/Jf to the Euler characteristic of the positive and negative Milnor fibre, generalising the result for isolated critical points. An application to real curves in ℙ2(ℝ) of even degree is given.
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Sarafraz, Zahra, Hossein Sarafraz y Mohammad R. Sayeh. "Real-time classifier based on adaptive competitive self-organizing algorithm". Adaptive Behavior 26, n.º 1 (febrero de 2018): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059712318760695.
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This article introduces a novel adaptive competitive self-organizing (ACS) model, with applicability for real-time clustering and vector quantization. An important feature of this model is its dynamic structure and self-adjusting parameters that also offers a solution to the problem of parasitic limit points and consequently in more accurate label assignments. This unsupervised classifier is free of any external control mechanism. Its self-organizing (SO) dynamic is governed by the gradient descent (GD) theory in cooperation with a competition mechanism based on Lotka–Volterra competitive exclusion. The core algorithm of this classifier is based on developing an energy function, where its minima or equilibrium points correspond to the centroid of similar input patterns. Since this energy function is a form of Lyapunov function, it guarantees stabilization of the dynamical trajectories of labels in finite numbers of isolated equilibrium points. This energy function along with other control parameter functions, then, will be the base for the set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) describing the overall dynamic of our system. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed ACS model is demonstrated by implementing it on both real and artificial data sets as well as comparing with other well-known clustering methods. ACS method showed a better clustering performance in some categories and an overall comparable rendition.
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Karlova, Olena. "A characterization of the uniform convergence points set of some convergent sequence of functions". Mathematica Slovaca 71, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 2021): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ms-2017-0478.
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Abstract We characterize the uniform convergence points set of a pointwisely convergent sequence of real-valued functions defined on a perfectly normal space. We prove that if X is a perfectly normal space which can be covered by a disjoint sequence of dense subsets and A ⊆ X, then A is the set of points of the uniform convergence for some convergent sequence (fn ) n∈ω of functions fn : X → ℝ if and only if A is Gδ -set which contains all isolated points of X. This result generalizes a theorem of Ján Borsík published in 2019.
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Guilfoyle, Brendan y Adriana Ortiz-Rodríguez. "Umbilic Points on the Finite and Infinite Parts of Certain Algebraic Surfaces". Mathematical Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 123A, n.º 2 (2023): 63–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mpr.2023.a908326.
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Abstract: The global qualitative behaviour of fields of principal directions for the graph of a real-valued polynomial function f on the plane is studied. We determine and analyse the projective extension of these fields and show that they are defined by an analytic quadratic form on the whole unit 2-sphere. We prove that every umbilic point at infinity of this extension has a Poincaré-Hopf index equal to 1/2, and the topological type of a Lemon when the degree of f is 2 and the topological type of a Monstar for higher degrees. As a consequence, we prove a Poincaré-Hopf type formula for the graph of f such that, if all umbilics are isolated, the sum of all indices of the principal directions at umbilic points depends only upon the number of real linear factors of the homogeneous part of highest degree of f . A similar analysis is carried out in the case of f being a homogeneous polynomial.
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SEPULCRE, J. M. y T. VIDAL. ""On the real projections of zeros of analytic almost periodic functions"". Carpathian Journal of Mathematics 38, n.º 2 (28 de febrero de 2022): 489–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.37193/cjm.2022.02.18.
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"This paper deals with the sets of real projections of zeros of analytic almost periodic functions defined in a vertical strip. By using our equivalence relation introduced in the context of the complex functions which can be represented by a Dirichlet-like series, this work provides practical results in order to determine whether a real number belongs to the closure of such a set. Its main result shows that, in the case that the Fourier exponents of an analytic almost periodic function are linearly independent over the rational numbers, such a set has no isolated points."
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Cabbolet, Marcoen J. T. F. "Hyperreal Delta Functions as a New General Tool for Modeling Systems with Infinitely High Densities". Axioms 10, n.º 4 (29 de septiembre de 2021): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms10040244.
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In general, the state of a system in which a physical quantity such as mass is distributed over space can be modeled by a function that represents the density distribution. The purpose of this paper is to introduce special functions that can be applied when in the system to be modeled, where the quantity is distributed over isolated points. For that matter, the expanded real numbers are introduced as an ordered subring of the hyperreal number field that does not contain any infinitesimals, and hyperreal delta functions are defined as special functions from the real numbers to the expanded real numbers satisfying the condition that (i) the support is a singleton, and (ii) the integral over the reals is a nonzero real number. These newly defined hyperreal delta functions, and tensor products thereof, then provide a general tool, applicable for the mathematical modeling of physical systems in which infinitely high densities occur.
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Wang, Ai Xia, Peng Wu, Jing Jiao Li y Ai Yun Yan. "A Real Time Tracking Algorithm Basing on Mixed Difference Algorithm". Advanced Materials Research 108-111 (mayo de 2010): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.108-111.291.
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This paper presented a high real time target tracking algorithm – mixed difference tracking algorithm MDT. In the proposed algorithm, frame difference and background difference algorithms are combined to get the location of the target. With background difference algorithm the shape of the target can be extracted. Due to the affection of the dynamic background, single background difference algorithm can not get the location of the moving target. To solve this issue the frame difference algorithm is used to estimate the location, and then combine the results of the background difference algorithm and the frame difference algorithm the location and the size of the target can be extracted. And then filtering algorithm is used to remove noise and isolated points. In the experiment it can be seen that the proposed algorithm can tracking object precisely in real time.
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Cisneros-Molina, José Luis, José Seade y Nivaldo G. Grulha. "On the topology of real analytic maps". International Journal of Mathematics 25, n.º 07 (junio de 2014): 1450069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x14500694.
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We study the topology of the fibers of real analytic maps ℝn → ℝp, n > p, in a neighborhood of a critical point. We first prove that every real analytic map-germ f : ℝn → ℝp, p ≥ 1, with arbitrary critical set, has a Milnor–Lê type fibration away from the discriminant. Now assume also that f has the Thom af-property, and its zero-locus has positive dimension. Also consider another real analytic map-germ g : ℝn → ℝk with an isolated critical point at the origin. We have Milnor–Lê type fibrations for f and for (f, g) : ℝn → ℝp+k, and we prove for these the analogous of the classical Lê–Greuel formula, expressing the difference of the Euler characteristics of the fibers Ff and Ff,g in terms of an invariant associated to these maps. This invariant can be expressed in various ways: as the index of the gradient vector field of a map [Formula: see text] on Ff associated to g; as the number of critical points of [Formula: see text] on Ff; or in terms of polar multiplicities. When p = 1 and k = 1, this invariant can also be expressed algebraically, as the signature of a certain bilinear form. When the germs of f and (f, g) are both isolated complete intersection singularities, we exhibit an even deeper relation between the topology of the fibers Ff and Ff,g, and construct in this setting, an integer-valued invariant, that we call the curvatura integra that picks up the Euler characteristic of the fibers. This invariant, and its name, spring from Gauss' theorem, and its generalizations by Hopf and Kervaire, expressing the Euler characteristic of a manifold (with some conditions) as the degree of a certain map.
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Gerner, Wadim. "Zero Set Structure of Real Analytic Beltrami Fields". Journal of Geometric Analysis 31, n.º 10 (16 de marzo de 2021): 9928–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12220-021-00633-0.
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AbstractIn this paper, we prove a classification theorem for the zero sets of real analytic Beltrami fields. Namely, we show that the zero set of a real analytic Beltrami field on a real analytic, connected 3-manifold without boundary is either empty after removing its isolated points or can be written as a countable, locally finite union of differentiably embedded, connected 1-dimensional submanifolds with (possibly empty) boundary and tame knots. Further, we consider the question of how complicated these tame knots can possibly be. To this end, we prove that on the standard (open) solid toroidal annulus in $${\mathbb {R}}^3$$ R 3 , there exist for any pair (p, q) of positive, coprime integers countable infinitely many distinct real analytic metrics such that for each such metric, there exists a real analytic Beltrami field, corresponding to the eigenvalue $$+1$$ + 1 of the curl operator, whose zero set is precisely given by a standard (p, q)-torus knot. The metrics and the corresponding Beltrami fields are constructed explicitly and can be written down in Cartesian coordinates by means of elementary functions alone.
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BALIBREA, FRANCISCO, JUAN L. G. GUIRAO y MIGUEL A. LÓPEZ. "DISTURBING SMOOTH TRANSITIVE INTERVAL MAPS". International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 20, n.º 09 (septiembre de 2010): 2949–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127410027490.
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We show for the class [Formula: see text] of all C∞, transitive and topologically conjugate to algebraic polynomials interval self-maps the following stability type property: the class [Formula: see text] has no isolated points and for every [Formula: see text] and any ε arbitrary small positive real number there exists a map [Formula: see text] sharing with f the same fixed points except one and such that ‖ f - g ‖1 = ε. On the contrary, we also show for each [Formula: see text] that the re exists a C∞ interval self-map topologically conjugate to a polynomial, not transitive and ‖ ⋅ ‖1-arbitrary close to the map f.
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KELGIANNIS, GIORGOS y VAIOS LASCHOS. "ON A CONJECTURE REGARDING THE UPPER GRAPH BOX DIMENSION OF BOUNDED SUBSETS OF THE REAL LINE". Fractals 21, n.º 03n04 (septiembre de 2013): 1350017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x13500175.
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Let X ⊂ ℝ be a bounded set; we introduce a formula that calculates the upper graph box dimension of X (i.e. the supremum of the upper box dimension of the graph over all uniformly continuous functions defined on X). We demonstrate the strength of the formula by proving various corollaries. We conclude by constructing a collection of sets X with infinitely many isolated points, having upper box dimension a taking values from zero to one while their graph box dimension takes any value in [ max {2a, 1}, a + 1], answering this way, negatively to a conjecture posed.1
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Pak, Hui-Nam, Yen-Bin Liu, Hideki Hayashi, Yuji Okuyama, Peng-Sheng Chen y Shien-Fong Lin. "Synchronization of ventricular fibrillation with real-time feedback pacing: implication to low-energy defibrillation". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 285, n.º 6 (diciembre de 2003): H2704—H2711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00366.2003.
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Wavefront synchronization is an important aspect preceding the termination of ventricular fibrillation (VF). We evaluated the defibrillation efficacy of a novel multisite pacing algorithm using optical recording-guided synchronized pacing (SyncP) in the excitable gaps. We compared the effects of SyncP with traditional overdrive pacing (ODP) at 90% of the VF cycle length (VFCL) and high-frequency pacing (HFP; 43–215 Hz) on spontaneous VF termination in isolated rabbit hearts. For SyncP, the pacing current was triggered by the activation of a reference site and was delivered when the optical potential of the pacing site was in an excitable gap. We measured VFCL and the spatial dispersion of VFCL (SDCL) from five points (3 points in the paced area and 2 points in the nonpaced area) and the distribution of phase singularities during the prepacing, pacing, and postpacing periods. The results showed that 1) the VF termination rate of SyncP (16.0%, n = 106) was higher than that of ODP (2.1%, n = 48, P < 0.01) or HFP (1.6%, n = 129, P < 0.0001); 2) energy consumption for SyncP (7.6 ± 9.3 mJ) was significantly lower than that of ODP (14.0 ± 14.8 mJ, P < 0.0001); and 3) SyncP, but not ODP or HFP, decreased SDCL in the paced area during the pacing ( P < 0.01) and postpacing ( P < 0.05) periods compared with the prepacing period. We conclude that SyncP is effective in inducing wavefront synchronization and is more effective at facilitating spontaneous VF termination than non-SyncP.
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Volkov, V. Y. "EXTRACTION OF EXTENDED SMALL-SCALE OBJECTS IN DIGITAL IMAGES". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W6 (18 de mayo de 2015): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w6-87-2015.
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Detection and localization problem of extended small-scale objects with different shapes appears in radio observation systems which use SAR, infra-red, lidar and television camera. Intensive non-stationary background is the main difficulty for processing. Other challenge is low quality of images, blobs, blurred boundaries; in addition SAR images suffer from a serious intrinsic speckle noise. Statistics of background is not normal, it has evident skewness and heavy tails in probability density, so it is hard to identify it. The problem of extraction small-scale objects is solved here on the basis of directional filtering, adaptive thresholding and morthological analysis. New kind of masks is used which are open-ended at one side so it is possible to extract ends of line segments with unknown length. An advanced method of dynamical adaptive threshold setting is investigated which is based on isolated fragments extraction after thresholding. Hierarchy of isolated fragments on binary image is proposed for the analysis of segmentation results. It includes small-scale objects with different shape, size and orientation. The method uses extraction of isolated fragments in binary image and counting points in these fragments. Number of points in extracted fragments is normalized to the total number of points for given threshold and is used as effectiveness of extraction for these fragments. New method for adaptive threshold setting and control maximises effectiveness of extraction. It has optimality properties for objects extraction in normal noise field and shows effective results for real SAR images.
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Wang, Yu-Qing, Chao-Fan Zhou, Zi-Ang Zhu, Jia-Wei Wang, Zi-Meng Wang, Chen-Hao Fang y Bin Jia. "A macroscopic model for VOC emissions process complemented by real data". Modern Physics Letters B 32, n.º 19 (9 de julio de 2018): 1850209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984918502093.
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Based on tremendous real data, a macroscopic model is established, which can depict the process of volatile organic compound (namely, VOC) emissions. Different from previous work, a complete set of sources is taken into account rather than only an isolated source. These data have been processed to support the sample set in order to prove the validity of the theoretical analyses. Besides, the relationship between the industrial production and VOC emissions of industrial source is discussed and depicted. Furthermore, the relationship between the electronic industrial production and VOC emissions is emphasized and calculated. VOC emissions per unit production is investigated. Additionally, the relationship between the number of sample points in the sample set and VOC emissions is illustrated. Then, the control strategy of VOC emissions is proposed by calculating the optimal solutions of each sample set. It is found that the lower the slope of optimal solutions, the lower the average VOC emissions, the better the VOC emissions control effect.
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Kerbl, Bernhard, Georgios Kopanas, Thomas Leimkuehler y George Drettakis. "3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering". ACM Transactions on Graphics 42, n.º 4 (26 de julio de 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3592433.
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Radiance Field methods have recently revolutionized novel-view synthesis of scenes captured with multiple photos or videos. However, achieving high visual quality still requires neural networks that are costly to train and render, while recent faster methods inevitably trade off speed for quality. For unbounded and complete scenes (rather than isolated objects) and 1080p resolution rendering, no current method can achieve real-time display rates. We introduce three key elements that allow us to achieve state-of-the-art visual quality while maintaining competitive training times and importantly allow high-quality real-time (≥ 30 fps) novel-view synthesis at 1080p resolution. First, starting from sparse points produced during camera calibration, we represent the scene with 3D Gaussians that preserve desirable properties of continuous volumetric radiance fields for scene optimization while avoiding unnecessary computation in empty space; Second, we perform interleaved optimization/density control of the 3D Gaussians, notably optimizing anisotropic covariance to achieve an accurate representation of the scene; Third, we develop a fast visibility-aware rendering algorithm that supports anisotropic splatting and both accelerates training and allows realtime rendering. We demonstrate state-of-the-art visual quality and real-time rendering on several established datasets.
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Yin, Hongfei, Liang Guo, Yachao Li, Liang Han, Mengdao Xing y Xiaodong Zeng. "Varying Amplitude Vibration Phase Suppression Algorithm in ISAL Imaging". Remote Sensing 14, n.º 5 (24 de febrero de 2022): 1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14051122.
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Platform vibration introduces sinusoidal modulation in inverse synthetic aperture lidar (ISAL) imaging, which causes paired echoes in ISAL imaging. In this paper, a varying amplitude vibration phase suppression algorithm is proposed. Working without prior knowledge, the proposed algorithm can suppress paired echoes under the condition of varying vibration amplitude and will not introduce new phase errors. Furthermore, the method is suitable for the imaging scene without isolated points. Both the simulated and real experiment results of ISAL turntable data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
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Biswas, Rudro R. y Dam Thanh Son. "Fractional charge and inter-Landau–level states at points of singular curvature". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, n.º 31 (19 de julio de 2016): 8636–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1609470113.
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The quest for universal properties of topological phases is fundamentally important because these signatures are robust to variations in system-specific details. Aspects of the response of quantum Hall states to smooth spatial curvature are well-studied, but challenging to observe experimentally. Here we go beyond this prevailing paradigm and obtain general results for the response of quantum Hall states to points of singular curvature in real space; such points may be readily experimentally actualized. We find, using continuum analytical methods, that the point of curvature binds an excess fractional charge and sequences of quantum states split away, energetically, from the degenerate bulk Landau levels. Importantly, these inter-Landau–level states are bound to the topological singularity and have energies that are universal functions of bulk parameters and the curvature. Our exact diagonalization of lattice tight-binding models on closed manifolds demonstrates that these results continue to hold even when lattice effects are significant. An important technological implication of these results is that these inter-Landau–level states, being both energetically and spatially isolated quantum states, are promising candidates for constructing qubits for quantum computation.
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Cisneros-Molina, José Luis y Aurélio Menegon. "Equivalence of Milnor and Milnor-Lê fibrations for real analytic maps". International Journal of Mathematics 30, n.º 14 (20 de noviembre de 2019): 1950078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x19500782.
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In [J. Milnor, Singular points of complex hypersurfaces, Annals of Mathematics Studies, No. 61 (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1968).] Milnor proved that a real analytic map [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text], with an isolated critical point at the origin has a fibration on the tube [Formula: see text]. Constructing a vector field such that (1) it is transverse to the spheres, and (2) it is transverse to the tubes, he “inflates” the tube to the sphere, to get a fibration [Formula: see text], but the projection is not necessarily given by [Formula: see text] as in the complex case. In the case [Formula: see text] has isolated critical value, in [J. L. Cisneros-Molina, J. Seade and J. Snoussi, Milnor fibrations and [Formula: see text]-regularity for real analytic singularities, Internat. J. Math. 21(4) (2010) 419–434.] it was proved that if the fibers inside a small tube are transverse to the sphere [Formula: see text], then it has a fibration on the tube. Also in [J. L. Cisneros-Molina, J. Seade and J. Snoussi, Milnor fibrations and [Formula: see text]-regularity for real analytic singularities, Internat. J. Math. 21(4) (2010) 419–434.], the concept of [Formula: see text]-regularity was defined, it turns out that [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-regular if and only if the map [Formula: see text] is a fiber bundle equivalent to the one on the tube. In a more general setting, the corresponding facts are proved in [J. L. Cisneros-Molina, A. Menegon, J. Seade and J. Snoussi, Fibration theorems and [Formula: see text]-regularity for differentiable maps-germs with non-isolated critical value, Preprint (2017).], showing that if a locally surjective map [Formula: see text] has a linear discriminant [Formula: see text] with isolated singularity and a fibration on the tube [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-regular if and only if the map [Formula: see text] (with [Formula: see text] the radial projection of [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text]) is a fiber bundle equivalent to the one on the tube. In this paper, we generalize this result for an arbitrary linear discriminant by constructing a vector field [Formula: see text] which inflates the tube to the sphere in a controlled way, it satisfies properties analogous to the vector field constructed by Milnor in the complex setting: besides satisfying (1) and (2) above, it also satisfies that [Formula: see text] is constant on the integral curves of [Formula: see text].
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Bode, Benjamin. "Real algebraic links in S3 and braid group actions on the set of n-adic integers". Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 29, n.º 06 (mayo de 2020): 2050039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021821652050039x.
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We construct an infinite tower of covering spaces over the configuration space of [Formula: see text] distinct nonzero points in the complex plane. This results in an action of the braid group [Formula: see text] on the set of [Formula: see text]-adic integers [Formula: see text] for all natural numbers [Formula: see text]. We study some of the properties of these actions such as continuity and transitivity. The construction of the actions involves a new way of associating to any braid [Formula: see text] an infinite sequence of braids, whose braid types are invariants of [Formula: see text]. We present computations for the cases of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and use these to show an infinite family of braids close to real algebraic links, i.e. links of isolated singularities of real polynomials [Formula: see text].
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Volchenkova, T. V., S. V. Kotov, E. V. Isakova, M. V. Sutormin, E. V. Patrin, B. B. Gegenava, M. N. Martynovich et al. "The use of thromboaspiration and combined treatment in patients with ischemic stroke in real-life clinical practice". Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics 16, n.º 2 (19 de abril de 2024): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2024-2-41-46.
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The effectiveness of staged reperfusion therapy in real clinical practice requires clarification. Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mechanical thromboextraction and staged reperfusion therapy with alteplase in real clinical practice. Material and methods. The study included 106 patients who were retrospectively divided into two groups: Group I underwent staged reperfusion therapy (intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase followed by aspiration thromboextraction), Group II underwent thromboaspiration only. The clinical and functional results, incidence of hemorrhagic transformation and mortality rate were compared. Results. The groups did not differ in terms of demographic data, cardiovascular risk factors or stroke severity. Group II patients were characterized by a longer delay in reperfusion therapy (225 minutes versus 180 minutes) and a lower score on the Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT score (ASPECTS; 8.8 points versus 9.3 points). There were no differences in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores at day 28, dynamics of NIHSS scores, Rankin scores at day 28, rates of hemorrhagic transformation or mortality. In both groups, the deceased patients were older; in Group I they suffered more frequently from atrial fibrillation, in Group II – from diabetes mellitus type 2. In addition, mortality in Group II was associated with a higher severity of early signs of cerebral infarction.Conclusion. The results of the analysis of real-life clinical practice show the comparability of the efficacy and safety of staged reperfusion therapy and isolated thromboaspiration in a “natural” selection of patients.
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Abdalla, Shima E., Akebe Luther King Abia, Daniel G. Amoako, Keith Perrett, Linda A. Bester y Sabiha Y. Essack. "From Farm-to-Fork: E. Coli from an Intensive Pig Production System in South Africa Shows High Resistance to Critically Important Antibiotics for Human and Animal Use". Antibiotics 10, n.º 2 (10 de febrero de 2021): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10020178.
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Antibiotic resistance profiles of Escherichia coli were investigated in an intensive pig production system in the uMgungundlovu District, South Africa, using the ‘farm-to-fork’ approach. Four hundred seventeen (417) samples were collected from pig and pig products at different points (farm, transport, and abattoir). E. coli was isolated and enumerated using the Colilert® 18/Quanti-Tray® 2000 system. Ten isolates from each Quanti-tray were selected randomly and putatively identified on eosin methylene blue agar. Real-time PCR targeting the uidA gene was used to confirm isolates to the genus level. The Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method was used to determine the isolates’ antibiotic susceptibility profiles against 20 antibiotics. A total of 1044 confirmed E. coli isolates were obtained across the three critical points in the food chain. Resistance was observed to all the antibiotics tested with the highest and lowest rates obtained against tetracycline (88.5%) and meropenem (0.2%), respectively. Resistance was also observed to chloramphenicol (71.4%), ampicillin (71.1%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (61.3%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (43.8%), cephalexin (34.3%), azithromycin (23.9%), nalidixic acid (22.1%), cefoxitin (21.1%), ceftriaxone (18.9%), ciprofloxacin (17.3%), cefotaxime (16.9%), gentamicin (15.5%), cefepime (13.8%), ceftazidime (9.8%), amikacin (3.4%), piperacillin-tazobactam (1.2%), tigecycline (0.9%), and imipenem (0.3%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 71.2% of the resistant isolates with an overall multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of 0.25, indicating exposure to high antibiotic use environments at the farm level. A high percentage of resistance was observed to growth promoters and antibiotics approved for veterinary medicine in South Africa. Of concern was resistance to critically important antibiotics for animal and human use and the watch and reserve categories of antibiotics. This could have adverse animal and human health consequences from a food safety perspective, necessitating efficient antibiotic stewardship and guidelines to streamline antibiotic use in the food-animal production chain.
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Jiao, N., W. Kang, Y. Xiang y H. You. "A NOVEL AND FAST CORNER DETECTION METHOD FOR SAR IMAGERY". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (13 de septiembre de 2017): 605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-605-2017.
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Corners play an important role on image processing, while it is difficult to detect reliable and repeatable corners in SAR images due to the complex property of SAR sensors. In this paper, we propose a fast and novel corner detection method for SAR imagery. First, a local processing window is constructed for each point. We use the local mean of a 3 x 3 mask to represent a single point, which is weighted by a Gaussian template. Then the candidate point is compared with 16 surrounding points in the processing window. Considering the multiplicative property of speckle noise, the similarity measure between the center point and the surrounding points is calculated by the ratio of their local means. If there exist more than M continuous points are different from the center point, then the candidate point is labelled as a corner point. Finally, a selection strategy is implemented by ranking the corner score and employing the non-maxima suppression method. Extreme situations such as isolated bright points are also removed. Experimental results on both simulated and real-world SAR images show that the proposed detector has a high repeatability and a low localization error, compared with other state-of-the-art detectors.
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Borisov, Denis y Giuseppe Cardone. "Spectra of operator pencils with small 𝒫𝒯-symmetric periodic perturbation". ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations 26 (2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2019070.
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We study the spectrum of a quadratic operator pencil with a small 𝒫𝒯-symmetric periodic potential and a fixed localized potential. We show that the continuous spectrum has a band structure with bands on the imaginary axis separated by usual gaps, while on the real axis, there are no gaps but at certain points, the bands bifurcate into small parabolas in the complex plane. We study the isolated eigenvalues converging to the continuous spectrum. We show that they can emerge only in the aforementioned gaps or in the vicinities of the small parabolas, at most two isolated eigenvalues in each case. We establish sufficient conditions for the existence and absence of such eigenvalues. In the case of the existence, we prove that these eigenvalues depend analytically on a small parameter and we find the leading terms of their Taylor expansions. It is shown that the mechanism of the eigenvalue emergence is different from that for small localized perturbations studied in many previous works.
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Modinpuroju, Anil y CSRK Prasad. "Design optimal rural road network using GIS". Archives of Transport 41, n.º 1 (13 de marzo de 2017): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.7387.
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To have an effective development among the isolated, remote areas, rural transportation is recognized as a key factor. Efficient rural transportation depends largely on a well-knit road network to provide accessibility and mobility in rural areas. This work affords an applied method for the development of rural road networks in rural areas of developing countries. The proposed methodology enables to determine nodal points in the rural road network based on the facility index of the settlements. The rural road network is generated by connecting the nodal points by minimum travel time path in Geographical Information System (GIS). Spatial analysis is carried out in the study area to identify the Desirable Coverage Distance of the Facility(DCDF). The Village Facility Index (VFI) is calculated by considering the desirable coverage distance. The suggested methodology is simple and practical, hence, highly applicable to real-world scenarios, as demonstrated in the definition of the road network for the rural areas.
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Adukauskienė, Dalia, Asta Mačiulienė, Aušra Čiginskienė, Agnė Adukauskaitė y Justina Čyžiūtė. "Acute Subdural Hematoma after Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury: Risk Factors and Prediction of Mortality". Sveikatos mokslai 25, n.º 2 (20 de abril de 2015): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/sm-hs.2015.028.
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The aim of this study was to determine mortality and it‘s risk factors also prediction of lethal outcome in case of acute subdural hematoma after isolated traumatic brain injury (ITBI). Methods. A retrospective study of 162 patients after ITBI was carried out in Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit (NITS) of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Hospital (LUHSH) Kaunas Clinics (KC). Demographic (gender, age), clinical (pupil reaction to light, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, APACHE II scale score) and laboratory (white blood cell count, glycemia) data analysis on the first day after the injury was made. Conclusions. The mortality rate of acute subdural hematoma after isolated traumatic brain injury was 41 pct. Risk factors of mortality were estimated to be patient age ≥ 65 yrs, absence of pupil reaction to light, GCS 3-8, APACHE II score ≥ 16 points, white blood cell count ≥10,1 x 109/l and glycemia ≥5,6mmol/l. It was estimated the evident relation between predicted lethal outcome and real mortality when the risk of lethal outcome was higher than 25 pct.
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Pawałowski, Krzysztof y Toshio Sumi. "The Laitinen Conjecture for finite non-solvable groups". Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 56, n.º 1 (5 de diciembre de 2012): 303–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091512000223.
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AbstractFor any finite group G, we impose an algebraic condition, the Gnil-coset condition, and prove that any finite Oliver group G satisfying the Gnil-coset condition has a smooth action on some sphere with isolated fixed points at which the tangent G-modules are not isomorphic to each other. Moreover, we prove that, for any finite non-solvable group G not isomorphic to Aut(A6) or PΣL(2, 27), the Gnil-coset condition holds if and only if rG ≥ 2, where rG is the number of real conjugacy classes of elements of G not of prime power order. As a conclusion, the Laitinen Conjecture holds for any finite non-solvable group not isomorphic to Aut(A6).
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Komaragiri, Yesaswini, Muzaffar H. Panhwar, Bob Fregin, Gayatri Jagirdar, Carmen Wolke, Stefanie Spiegler y Oliver Otto. "Mechanical characterization of isolated mitochondria under conditions of oxidative stress". Biomicrofluidics 16, n.º 6 (diciembre de 2022): 064101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0111581.
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Mechanical properties have been proven to be a pivotal parameter to enhance our understanding of living systems. While research during the last decades focused on cells and tissues, little is known about the role of organelle mechanics in cell function. Here, mitochondria are of specific interest due to their involvement in numerous physiological and pathological processes, e.g., in the production and homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using real-time fluorescence and deformability cytometry, we present a microfluidic technology that is capable to determine the mechanical properties of individual mitochondria at a throughput exceeding 100 organelles per second. Our data on several thousands of viable mitochondria isolated from rat C6 glial cells yield a homogenous population with a median deformation that scales with the applied hydrodynamic stress. In two proof-of-principle studies, we investigated the impact of exogenously and endogenously produced ROS on mitochondria mechanics. Exposing C6 cells to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) triggers superoxide production and leads to a reduction in mitochondria size while deformation is increased. In a second study, we focused on the knockout of tafazzin, which has been associated with impaired remodeling of the mitochondrial membrane and elevated levels of ROS. Interestingly, our results reveal the same mechanical alterations as observed after the exposure to H2O2, which points to a unified biophysical mechanism of how mitochondria respond to the presence of oxidative stress. In summary, we introduce high-throughput mechanical phenotyping into the field of organelle biology with potential applications for understanding sub-cellular dynamics that have not been accessible before.
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Šavel, Jan, Petr Košin, Adam Brož y Jakub Vlček. "Interpolation formulas for Balling´'s alcohol factors". KVASNY PRUMYSL 66, n.º 2 (10 de marzo de 2020): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18832/kp2019.66.239.
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The article deals with the interpolation of the Balling alcohol factors, given at isolated points in 1% (m/m) increments ranging from 1 to 30% in the Hrach table published in 1927. Interpolation was necessery for the calculation of real (RDF) or apparent (ADF) degree of attenuation, according to which optimal barley varieties were selected for beer production. Analytica EBC initially preferred ADF, although it also reported RDF, used by ASBC. According to ASBC, the Balling RDF is multiplied by a correction factor or calculated using a modified calculation formula. Both ways gave the same results and increased Balling RDF values by 1-2% m/m. Refractometry with a pocket digital refractometer set to °Bx allows beer analysis from a minimum sample volume.
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AlAfifi, Ghada y Emad Abu Osba. "On the Line Graph for Zero-Divisors of C(X)". International Journal of Combinatorics 2013 (31 de diciembre de 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/756179.
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Let be X a completely regular Hausdorff space and let C(X) be the ring of all continuous real valued functions defined on X. In this paper, the line graph for the zero-divisor graph of C(X) is studied. It is shown that this graph is connected with diameter less than or equal to 3 and girth 3. It is shown that this graph is always triangulated and hypertriangulated. It is characterized when the graph is complemented. It is proved that the radius of this graph is 2 if and only if X has isolated points; otherwise, the radius is 3. Bounds for the dominating number and clique number are also found in terms of the density number of X.
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Evdokimov, Kirill y Halbert White. "SOME EXTENSIONS OF A LEMMA OF KOTLARSKI". Econometric Theory 28, n.º 4 (14 de marzo de 2012): 925–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266466611000831.
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This note demonstrates that the conditions of Kotlarski’s (1967, Pacific Journal of Mathematics 20(1), 69–76) lemma can be substantially relaxed. In particular, the condition that the characteristic functions of M, U1, and U2 are nonvanishing can be replaced with much weaker conditions: The characteristic function of U1 can be allowed to have real zeros, as long as the derivative of its characteristic function at those points is not also zero; that of U2 can have an isolated number of zeros; and that of M need satisfy no restrictions on its zeros. We also show that Kotlarski’s lemma holds when the tails of U1 are no thicker than exponential, regardless of the zeros of the characteristic functions of U1, U2, or M.
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Akhavizadegan, Alireza, Mohd Yamani Idna Idris, Zaidi Bin Razak, Mazlina Binti Mazlan, Norhamizan Binti Hamzah, Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab y Mehdi Hussain. "REAL-TIME AUTOMATED CONTOUR BASED MOTION TRACKING USING A SINGLE-CAMERA FOR UPPER LIMB ANGULAR MOTION MEASUREMENT". Malaysian Journal of Computer Science 33, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2020): 52–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/mjcs.vol33no1.4.
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Upper limb angular motion measurement is particularly a subject of interest in the field of rehabilitation. It is commonly measured manually by physiotherapist via goniometer to monitor stroke patient’s progress. However, manual measurement has many inherent drawbacks such as the need to have both patient and physiotherapist to be at the same place. In this paper, an automated real-time single-camera upper limb angular motion measuring system is proposed for home-based rehabilitation to aid physiotherapist to monitor patient’s progress. The measurement of concern are angle measurement of elbow extension, elbow flexion, wrist flexion and wrist extension. To do this, we propose a method that utilized predefined coordinate points extracted from the contours of the object named as contour based motion tracking. The proposed method overcome problems of prior target tracking techniques such as Kalman filter, Optical flow and Cam-shift. The proposed method includes skin region segmentation and arm modelling for motion tracking. Prior skin segmentation techniques suffer from fixed threshold value set by the user. Therefore, we introduce dynamic threshold based on the lower and upper threshold boundary of isolated skin regions from the background. To ensure the reliability of our skin segmentation method, we compare them with four different related algorithms. The result shows that our skin segmentation method outperformed the prior method with 93% detection accuracy. Following the segmentation, we model the arm motion tracking by formulating mathematical equation of various points and motion velocities to track the arm. We then model the wrist and elbow position to estimate arm angular motion. The method is put together and tested with real human subject and other test settings. The result shows that our proposed method able to produce an accurate and reliable reading of +-1.25 average range of error from actual physiotherapist reading.
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Zhang, Ying Ming, Lijuan Shang, Criss Hartzell, Michael Narlow, Leanne Cribbs y Samuel C. Dudley. "Characterization and regulation of T-type Ca2+ channels in embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 285, n.º 6 (diciembre de 2003): H2770—H2779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01114.2002.
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T-type Ca2+ channels may play a role in cardiac development. We studied the developmental regulation of the T-type currents ( ICa,T) in cardiomyocytes (CMs) derived from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). ICa,T was studied in isolated CMs by whole cell patch clamp. Subsequently, CMs were identified by the myosin light chain 2v-driven green fluorescent protein expression, and laser capture microdissection was used to isolate total RNA from groups of cells at various developmental time points. ICa,T showed characteristics of Cav3.1, such as resistance to Ni2+ block, and a transient increase during development, correlating with measures of spontaneous electrical activity. Real-time RT-PCR showed that Cav3.1 mRNA abundance correlated ( r2 = 0.81) with ICa,T. The mRNA copy number was low at 7+4 days (2 copies/cell), increased significantly by 7+10 days (27/cell; P < 0.01), peaked at 7+16 days (174/cell), and declined significantly at 7+27 days (25/cell). These data suggest that ICa,T is developmentally regulated at the level of mRNA abundance and that this regulation parallels measures of pacemaker activity, suggesting that ICa,T might play a role in the spontaneous contractions during CM development.
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Djawad, Yasser Abd, Ridwansyah -, Hendra Jaya, Sutarsi Suhaeb y Suhartono -. "A system model for real-time monitoring and geospatial data for the simulation of surveillance of COVID-19 in Makassar, Indonesia". Journal of Public Health and Development 21, n.º 2 (24 de abril de 2023): 126–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210211.
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The rapid spread of COVID-19 requires rapid management. Prompt treatment is needed to prevent the spread of this disease, which could be minimized or isolated in one place so that it does not spread to other places. This study was conducted to discover a model of the surveillance system in real time and to analyze the change in its distribution pattern. This study was conducted in the city of Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, involving 30 volunteers. Two devices were used, the Internet reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (iRTLAMP) and IoT button application, to provide spatial data in the form of patient points exposed to COVID-19. Furthermore, three scenarios were applied to see the pattern of data distribution. The data recorded in the cloud database were retrieved with a created application and then analyzed using Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and Point Pattern Analysis (PPA) to observe the distribution of patterns in real time. The analysis utilizing KDE with the Gaussian kernel function as the kernel revealed significant changes in the probability distribution, which could be seen from color changes in the map. The centrographic analysis revealed that the mean and median points of the three scenarios changed in various ways within approximately 700 m to 1.7 km. Meanwhile, the radius of minimal bounding circle behaved similarly and appeared to change depending on the scenario, from a radius of 5.57 (initial) km to 6.55 km (scenario 1), 5.57 km (scenario 2) and 6.22 km (scenario 3). The standard distance also showed a change from 4.53 km to 4.60 km (scenario 1), 4.70 km (scenario 2) and 5.40 km (scenario 3). Simulations carried out using the developed system showed that the use of internet devices could help monitor people exposed to COVID-19 by changing patterns and distribution points. Therefore, decision makers could take preventive actions earlier so that this disease does not spread quickly.
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Giziatullin, Ilnur R., Alexander A. Bubis y Vladimir S. Polyakov. "Analysis of the dynamic response of a base isolated building during an earthquake with an intensity of 7 points on the MSK-64 scale". Earthquake Engineering. Construction Safety, n.º 6 (25 de diciembre de 2023): 92–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.37153/2618-9283-2023-6-92-112.
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Introduction. The problem is considered and the relevance of studying the behavior of buildings and structures with seismic isolation systems using lead rubber bearing under real seismic impact, as well as assessing their technical condition after the earthquake, is emphasized. The experience of studying the behavior of base isolated buildings under real seismic impact abroad and in Russia is given.
Materials and methods. The dynamic parameters seismic isolation of a reinforced concrete building using lead rubber bearing are investigated. Registration of seismic vibrations of the building was performed by a stationary station for dynamic monitoring. The results of processing the records were obtained based on the interpretation of monitoring data, including harmonic analysis, determination of the power spectral density, as well as the application of wavelet transform methods.
Results. The results of dynamic monitoring of a base isolated building of a sea terminal located in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky city during an earthquake of 04/03/2023 with a magnitude of Mw =6.6 and an intensity at the site of the building equal to 7 points on the MSK-64 scale are presented. An analysis of the response and dynamic parameters of the building was performed, as well as a visual inspection of structures, as well as the building's seismic isolation systems.
Conclusions. Analysis of the dynamic monitoring results made it possible to identify the natural vibration frequencies of the building, as well as to trace their changes during seismic impact. The maximum displacements of the building indicate minor shear deformations of the lead rubber bearing corresponding to the zone of their elastic operation. Both the rigidity of lead rubber bearing and the dynamic parameters of the building (frequencies (periods) of natural vibrations and the logarithmic damping decrement of the building) change depending on the intensity of the seismic impact and the shear deformation of the bearings, respectively. After the earthquake, widespread cracks and peeling of the plaster wall were observed with partial exposure of the layer of insulating material in the zone of filling with elastic elements the gaps between the strapping beams of the seismic isolation system and the structures of the building partitions at the level of the seismic isolating layer, which did not affect the operational reliability of the building. The study presented in this article shows that with the help of dynamic monitoring of buildings and structures, one can get a more complete and detailed understanding of their dynamic behavior, identify damage in the structural system of a building, and detect their undesirable or specific reactions that could not be taken into account when designing.
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Shabbir, Muhammad Abu Bakr, Aziz Ul-Rahman, Muhammad Rizwan Iftikhar, Majeeda Rasheed, Muhammad Kashif Maan, Adeel Sattar, Mehmood Ahmad et al. "Exploring the Interplay of the CRISPR-CAS System with Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: A Poultry Meat Study from Lahore, Pakistan". Medicina 60, n.º 1 (10 de enero de 2024): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010130.
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Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major pathogens responsible for causing food poisoning worldwide. The emergence of antibiotic resistance in this bacterium is influenced by various factors. Among them, bacterial acquired defense systems described as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-cas system might be involved in antibiotic resistance development in bacteria. The current study was designed to assess the prevalence of S. aureus and its antibiotic resistance profile and identify the relationship of the CRISPR-cas system with antimicrobial resistance, followed by phylogenetic analysis. Total samples (n = 188) of poultry meat were collected from the poultry bird market of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. We used both phenotypic (antibiotic disc diffusion) and genotypic methods (PCR) to identify multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains of S. aureus. Additionally, the role of the CRISPR-Cas system in the isolated MDR S. aureus was also assessed. In addition, real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the association of the CRISPR-cas system with antimicrobial resistance. All of the S. aureus isolates showed 100% resistance against erythromycin, 97.5% were resistant to tetracycline, and 75% were resistant to methicillin. Eleven isolates were MDR in the current study. The CRISPR system was found in all MDR isolates, and fifteen spacers were identified within the CRISPR locus. Furthermore, MDR S. aureus isolates and the standard strain showed higher expression levels of CRISPR-associated genes. The correlation of said system with MDR isolates points to foreign gene acquisition by horizontal transfer. Current knowledge could be utilized to tackle antibiotic-resistant bacteria, mainly S. aureus.
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Betsas, Thodoris y Andreas Georgopoulos. "Point-Cloud Segmentation for 3D Edge Detection and Vectorization". Heritage 5, n.º 4 (9 de diciembre de 2022): 4037–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage5040208.
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The creation of 2D–3D architectural vector drawings constitutes a manual, labor-intensive process. The scientific community has not provided an automated approach for the production of 2D–3D architectural drawings of cultural-heritage objects yet, regardless of the undoubtable need of many scientific fields. This paper presents an automated method which addresses the problem of detecting 3D edges in point clouds by leveraging a set of RGB images and their 2D edge maps. More concretely, once the 2D edge maps have been produced exploiting manual, semi-automated or automated methods, the RGB images are enriched with an extra channel containing the edge semantic information corresponding to each RGB image. The four-channel images are fed into a Structure from Motion–Multi View Stereo (SfM-MVS) software and a semantically enriched dense point cloud is produced. Then, using the semantically enriched dense point cloud, the points belonging to a 3D edge are isolated from all the others based on their label value. The detected 3D edge points are decomposed into set of points belonging to each edge and fed into the 3D vectorization procedure. Finally, the 3D vectors are saved into a “.dxf” file. The previously described steps constitute the 3DPlan software, which is available on GitHub. The efficiency of the proposed software was evaluated on real-world data of cultural-heritage assets.
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Zhang, Jiawei, Rongquan Zhang, Yanfeng Zhao, Jing Qiu, Siqi Bu, Yuxiang Zhu y Gangqiang Li. "Deterministic and Probabilistic Prediction of Wind Power Based on a Hybrid Intelligent Model". Energies 16, n.º 10 (22 de mayo de 2023): 4237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16104237.
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Uncertainty in wind power is often unacceptably large and can easily affect the proper operation, quality of generation, and economics of the power system. In order to mitigate the potential negative impact of wind power uncertainty on the power system, accurate wind power forecasting is an essential technical tool of great value to ensure safe, stable, and efficient power generation. Therefore, in this paper, a hybrid intelligent model based on isolated forest, wavelet transform, categorical boosting, and quantile regression is proposed for deterministic and probabilistic wind power prediction. First, isolated forest is used to pre-process the original wind power data and detect anomalous data points in the power sequence. Then, the pre-processed original power sequence is decomposed into sub-frequency signals with better profiles by wavelet transform, and the nonlinear features of each sub-frequency are extracted by categorical boosting. Finally, a quantile-regression-based wind power probabilistic predictor is developed to evaluate uncertainty with different confidence levels. Moreover, the proposed hybrid intelligent model is extensively validated on real wind power data. Numerical results show that the proposed model achieves competitive performance compared to benchmark methods.
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Cheng, Jin-San, Bingwei Zhang, Yikun Xiao y Ming Li. "Topology driven approximation to rational surface-surface intersection via interval algebraic topology analysis". ACM Transactions on Graphics 42, n.º 4 (26 de julio de 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3592452.
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Computing the intersection between two parametric surfaces (SSI) is one of the most fundamental problems in geometric and solid modeling. Maintaining the SSI topology is critical to its computation robustness. We propose a topology-driven hybrid symbolic-numeric framework to approximate rational parametric surface-surface intersection (SSI) based on a concept of interval algebraic topology analysis (IATA) , which configures within a 4D interval box the SSI topology. We map the SSI topology to an algebraic system's solutions within the framework, classify and enumerate all topological cases as a mixture of four fundamental cases (or their specific sub-cases). Various complicated topological situations are covered, such as cusp points or curves, tangent points (isolated or not) or curves, tiny loops, self-intersections, or their mixtures. The theoretical formulation is also implemented numerically using advanced real solution isolation techniques, and computed within a topology-driven framework which maximally utilizes the advantages of the topology maintenance of algebraic analysis, the robustness of iterative subdivision, and the efficiency of forward marching. The approach demonstrates improved robustness under benchmark topological cases when compared with available open-source and commercial solutions, including IRIT, SISL, and Parasolid.
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Janbakhsh, E. y M. R. Mehrabi. "Molecular Evaluation of rfbE Gene Expression Changes under Different Creatinine Concentrations in Escherichia coli Strains Via Real-Time PCR". Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 85, n.º 1 (23 de febrero de 2023): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj85.01.026.
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Background and objective. Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157: H7 as an enterohemorrhagic pathogen causes severe damage to the gastrointestinal tract and dangerous diseases in humans such as hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and acute renal failure, which is associated with increased blood creatinine levels. This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic resistance of E. coli O157: H7 pathotypes to detect the virulence of gene rfbE and to study variations in its expression. Methods. The isolates were first inoculated on eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar and then identified using the Microgen kit and the presence of rfbE gene. Antibiotic susceptibility of the identified strains was tested by the disk diffusion technique, followed by inoculating E. coli O157: H7 strains at concentrations of 1, 3, and 6 mg dl–1 in BHI broth. DNA and RNA were then extracted from the bacteria, and cDNA was prepared from purified RNA. Then, the rfbE gene expression was evaluated using a real-time PCR approach, and the data were analysed with Rest software. Results. The research results revealed high resistance of isolated strains against some of the studied antibiotics, and variations in the expression of the rfbE gene were found to be different at different creatinine concentrations and at different time points. A significant decrease in variations in the rfbE gene expression was observed at low concentrations (1 mg dl-1), but, on the contrary, a significant increase in variations in the rfbE gene expression was found at higher concentrations (3 and 6 mg dl-1) (p<0.05). Conclusions. The rfbE gene is one of the factors affecting the bacterial virulence. We believe that a secondary increase in creatinine for any reason can exacerbate kidney disease and failure by affecting the rfbE gene expression while producing O antigen or bacterial endotoxin.
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Bergert, Hendrik, Klaus-Peter Knoch, Ronny Meisterfeld, Melanie Jäger, Joke Ouwendijk, Stephan Kersting, Hans Detlev Saeger y Michele Solimena. "Effect of Oxygenated Perfluorocarbons on Isolated Rat Pancreatic Islets in Culture". Cell Transplantation 14, n.º 7 (agosto de 2005): 441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/000000005783982873.
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One impediment for a wider application of islet transplantation is the limited number of donor pancreata for islet isolation. A more efficient utilization of available organs could in part alleviate this problem. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) have a high oxygen solubility coefficient and maintain high oxygen partial pressures for extended time. They serve also as oxygen “reservoirs” for harvested organs in pancreas organ transplantation. The aim of this study was to test whether the use of PFCs could also be beneficial for the secretory activity and overall viability of cultured purified islets before transplantation. Purified rat islets were cultured in static conditions with or without oxygen-saturated PFCs for 1 or 7 days. Cell death and apoptosis were assessed by trypan blue staining, DNA strand breaks, and caspase 3/7 activity. mRNA levels of insulin and ICA512/IA-2, a membrane marker of secretory granules (SGs), were quantitated by real-time PCR, whereas insulin content and secretion were measured by RIA. Polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB), which promotes SG biogenesis, was assessed by Western blotting. The number of SGs and the ultrastructural appearance of β-cells were analyzed by cryoimmunoelectronmicroscopy for insulin. Various parameters, including caspase activity, insulin and ICA512/IA-2 mRNA levels, PTB expression, number of secretory granules, and ultrastructural appearance did not significantly differ between control and PFC-cultured islets. On the other hand, PFC culture islets showed significantly increased DNA fragmentation and a reduced insulin stimulation index at both time points compared to control islets. While advantageous for the transport of human harvested organs, the use of PFH in the culture may be comparable to and/or not provide advantage over conventional protocols for culture of islets for transplantation.
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Zhang, Hui. "Based on k-Medoids and c5.0 Joint Constraint of the Drug Information Mining Algorithm". Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (septiembre de 2013): 2291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.2291.
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When the mass data information for drug contains no real or noise effects of information, the general data mining analysis method will have a great advantage, the traditional medicine association behavior is used in the analysis of a categories data mining analysis method, ignore drug data analysis results and the practical next behavior prediction contact. In order to solve the problem put forward the k-medoids and c5.0 joint constraints drug data mining methods, and in the first step of clustering analysis of fully considering the effect of noise and isolated points, with the first step clustering results were late to the classification of the decision tree as data sample, and the appropriate data pretreatment, so it can guarantee the accuracy of the calculation model. Experiments prove this drug data analysis models are available, the mining efficiency is higher.
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Horoshkevych, S. y O. Karlova. "COUNTABLE SPACES WITH PEANO PROPERTY". Bukovinian Mathematical Journal 11, n.º 2 (2023): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/bmj2023.02.09.
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In 1890, Giuseppe Peano published an example of a continuous curve passing through every point of the square $[0,1]^2$. A curve with such properties is called a Peano curve. In fact, Peano constructed a continuous surjective mapping from the unit segment $[0,1]$ to the square $[0,1]^2$. Peano's research was motivated by one result of George Cantor that the set of points of a unit segment has the same cardinality as the set of points of a unit square.In 1890, Giuseppe Peano published an example of a continuous curve passing through every point of the square $[0,1]^2$. A curve with such properties is called a Peano curve. In fact, Peano constructed a continuous surjective mapping from the unit segment $[0,1]$ to the square $[0,1]^2$. Peano's research was motivated by one result of George Cantor that the set of points of a unit segment has the same cardinality as the set of points of a unit square. According to the Hahn-Mazurkevich theorem the Hausdorff topological space $X$ is a continuous image of a unit segment $[0,1]$ if and only if when $X$ is compact, metrizable, connected, locally connected and nonempty. The Hausdorff continuous image of a segment is called {\it Peano space} or {\it Peano continuum}. Sierpinski proved that a connected compact metric space $X$ is a Peano continuum if and only if for every $\varepsilon>0$ the space $X$ can be covered by connected sets of the diameter $\le\varepsilon$. Therefore, naturally arises question about the investigation of disconnected metric spaces $X$ for which there is a continuous surjection between $X$ and $X^2$. Sierpinski characterized rational numbers as a metric countable space without isolated points. Hausdorff described irrational numbers as a metric, separable, completely metrizable, zero-dimensional and nowhere locally compact space. It follows, in particular, that the square $\mathbb Q^2$ is a continuous image of the set $\mathbb Q$ and the square of irrational numbers is a continuous image of the set of irrational numbers. Thus, it would be interesting to find a description of other disconnected subsets of the real line, except those that are homeomorphic to $\mathbb Q$ or $\mathbb R\setminus Q$. In this article we will focus on countable sets such that the set of isolated points of which may not be empty. The main result is the following (see Theorem 2): the square of a countable regular topological space $X$ is its continuous image if and only if $X$ is not compact.
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Hu, Chunhua, Zhou Pan y Pingping Li. "A 3D Point Cloud Filtering Method for Leaves Based on Manifold Distance and Normal Estimation". Remote Sensing 11, n.º 2 (20 de enero de 2019): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11020198.
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Leaves are used extensively as an indicator in research on tree growth. Leaf area, as one of the most important index in leaf morphology, is also a comprehensive growth index for evaluating the effects of environmental factors. When scanning tree surfaces using a 3D laser scanner, the scanned point cloud data usually contain many outliers and noise. These outliers can be clusters or sparse points, whereas the noise is usually non-isolated but exhibits different attributes from valid points. In this study, a 3D point cloud filtering method for leaves based on manifold distance and normal estimation is proposed. First, leaf was extracted from the tree point cloud and initial clustering was performed as the preprocessing step. Second, outlier clusters filtering and outlier points filtering were successively performed using a manifold distance and truncation method. Third, noise points in each cluster were filtered based on the local surface normal estimation. The 3D reconstruction results of leaves after applying the proposed filtering method prove that this method outperforms other classic filtering methods. Comparisons of leaf areas with real values and area assessments of the mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute error percent (MAE%) for leaves in different levels were also conducted. The root mean square error (RMSE) for leaf area was 2.49 cm2. The MAE values for small leaves, medium leaves and large leaves were 0.92 cm2, 1.05 cm2 and 3.39 cm2, respectively, with corresponding MAE% values of 10.63, 4.83 and 3.8. These results demonstrate that the method proposed can be used to filter outliers and noise for 3D point clouds of leaves and improve 3D leaf visualization authenticity and leaf area measurement accuracy.
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Liu, Yang, Chengdong Lin y Zhenjiang Li. "WR-Hand". Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, n.º 3 (9 de septiembre de 2021): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3478112.
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This paper presents WR-Hand, a wearable-based system tracking 3D hand pose of 14 hand skeleton points over time using Electromyography (EMG) and gyroscope sensor data from commercial armband. This system provides a significant leap in wearable sensing and enables new application potentials in medical care, human-computer interaction, etc. A challenge is the armband EMG sensors inevitably collect mixed EMG signals from multiple forearm muscles because of the fixed sensor positions on the device, while prior bio-medical models for hand pose tracking are built on isolated EMG signal inputs from isolated forearm spots for different muscles. In this paper, we leverage the recent success of neural networks to enhance the existing bio-medical model using the armband's EMG data and visualize our design to understand why our solution is effective. Moreover, we propose solutions to place the constructed hand pose reliably in a global coordinate system, and address two practical issues by providing a general plug-and-play version for new users without training and compensating for the position difference in how users wear their armbands. We implement a prototype using different commercial armbands, which is lightweight to execute on user's phone in real-time. Extensive evaluation shows the efficacy of the WR-Hand design.