Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Rannikot"
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Kallio, Niko, Matti Sahla y Risto Kalliola. "Itämeren aleneva suolapitoisuus muokkaa Suomen rannikon lajien levinneisyyttä". Terra 132, n.º 4 (16 de diciembre de 2020): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30677/terra.90638.
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The physical and chemical properties of water are vital for aquatic organisms. Should changes in these conditions occur, responses would follow both in the distributions of species and ecosystem functioning. Water salinity is particularly critical because it induces osmotic stress and requires specific physiological adaptations from the living organisms. Current climate change models suggest increasing precipitation in the Baltic Sea catchment area and decreasing seawater salinity along the Finnish seacoast. In order to envisage potential consequences of decreasing salinity in the coastal ecosystems, we apply alternative Baltic Sea salinity scenarios based on climate change and species inventory data with GIS modelling to estimate possible changes in the distributions of four aquatic species within the next 50 years. The results suggest that marine species are to lose much of their current distribution areas: blue mussel may constrain its distribution into the Archipelago- and Bothnian Sea areas only, while eelgrass will likely disappear completely. In contrast, the studied freshwater species, brackish water sponge and the common water mosses, will strongly expand their distributions along the Finnish seacoast. Their currently isolated populations in the Gulf of Finland and the Gulf of Bothnia will expand their populations as far as the Archipelago Sea, which will thereby become a biogeographically interesting contact zone. As many of the studied organisms are keystone species, their changing distributions will induce cascade effects at the ecosystem level.
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Fok, Yu V., S. Yu Nikulina, A. A. Chernova y N. M. Orlova. "Geneticheskaya diagnostika rannikh markerov revmatoidnogo artrita". CardioSomatics 6, n.º 1-1 (15 de diciembre de 2015): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/cs45795.
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Gurevich, Karolina. "Obraz polovtsev-soiuznikov v rannikh drevnerusskikh letopisiakh". Slavic World: Commonality and Diversity, n.º 2018 (2018): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2619-0869.2018.1.2.1.
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Jürgenson, Aivar. "Musta mere ranniku eesti asunikud malaaria meelevallas". Mäetagused 85 (abril de 2023): 61–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/mt2023.85.jurgenson.
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At the end of the 19th century, Estonian settlers encountered malaria in the Volga region and Siberia, but outbreaks with the most serious consequences hit Estonians in the Black Sea coastal region of the Caucasus. The article looks at the first contact of the local Estonians with malaria, how the disease affected migrations and settlement activities, what the Estonians’ descriptions of the disease were, what the causes of the disease were believed to be, how malaria was treated, and what preventive measures were used against the disease. Although malaria had also been present in many parts of Europe in earlier centuries, it had almost disappeared in the second half of the 19th century due to improved hygiene and sanitation. Europeans encountered malaria mainly in colonial countries, and so did Estonians. While in Estonia there were still several outbreaks of malaria in the first half of the 19th century, it was no longer a problem in the second half of the century. Now, Estonians came into contact with malaria mainly abroad – in warmer and wetter regions, where Estonian men had been conscripted into military service (e.g., the Russo-Turkish War, the Crimean War; cf. the Turkish disease) or where they had emigrated and established settlements. The resettling of Estonians to the Caucasus, which took place in the last quarter of the 19th century, cannot be described without mentioning malaria. Malaria hit Estonians primarily in settlements built in coastal areas, where there were sufficiently moist conditions for the development of malaria mosquitoes. Estonian colonists fell very ill in the first years of settlement, and their mortality rates were high. Many Estonians decided to return to their homeland due to malaria. The struggle of the Estonian settlers of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus with malaria occurred at a time when science had not yet discovered either the plasmodium that causes malaria or the role of mosquitoes in the transmission of the disease. The colonial authorities had introduced quinine as an antimalarial agent, which was distributed to the settlers, including Estonians, and began to drain the land, but the mechanisms of the disease’s origin and spread were unknown. This is also reflected in the disease explanations and treatment methods that were common among Estonian settlers. Folk names and magical healing methods for malaria were brought from Estonia, and were applied in combination with methods from conventional medicine. Neither the first nor the others corresponded to the true nature of the disease. Although malaria has been familiar in Estonia as well, also as a mythological disease, the mythological aspect has not been thoroughly thematized in the material of Caucasian Estonians, which does not mean that it was unknown. Although there are no surviving legends related to malaria as a mythological disease, and malaria is not presented as a disease demon, this may be due to the choice of the medium: our knowledge of Estonians’ struggle with malaria comes from reports sent to Estonian newspapers by the settlers, but the newspapers preferred to publish rational texts – the mythological side of the malaria lore, if it was known, was not present in the articles published in the newspapers. However, some treatment techniques have been preserved that convince that malaria was also explained mythologically. The treatment methods also betray the fact that the line between rational and mythological explanations may have been blurred: both old magical treatment methods and new medications offered by conventional medicine were used. As malaria was one of the main factors hindering settlement activities in the Caucasus, which is reflected by a rather extensive return migration, it acquired an important place in the so-called founding narrative of the settlements over time. Malaria was part of the wild nature that had to be conquered in order to achieve a stable existence and future for ourselves and future generations. The cutting down of dense forests and the struggle with wild animals threatening the settlers’ households was marked by hard work, which in turn testified to the settlers’ work ethic. Malaria was also attributed to intensive work. This confirmed the self-image of Estonians, for whom hard work has an important role. Information about the discovery of the causative plasmodium of malaria at the end of the 19th century, which proved the role of mosquitoes in the spread of malaria, reached the Caucasus with a slight time lag. It especially concerns the late arrival of new knowledge among the colonists – earlier knowledge about the connection of malaria with humidity and poisonous vapours remained among Estonian settlers even in the 20th century. Based on the new knowledge, the authorities improved the previous anti-malaria measures – during the Soviet times, a certain type of fish was cultivated in the water bodies, which destroyed the mosquito larvae. Swamp drainage, anti-humidity measures in building architecture, deforestation for farmlands and eucalyptus planting were in use in the late 19th century and destroyed the breeding grounds for mosquitoes even before the connection between mosquitoes and malaria was discovered. These methods are still in use today, because malaria has not really been eradicated from the Caucasus.
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Lohtaja, Aleksi. "Mitä on tutkiva mielikuvitus?" Tiede & edistys, n.º 4 (7 de febrero de 2022): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.51809/te.114375.
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Sanna Ryynänen & Anni Rannikko: Tutkiva mielikuvitus — Luovat, osallistuvat ja toiminnalliset tutkimusmenetelmät yhteiskuntatieteissä. Gaudeamus, Helsinki 2021. 328 s.
Sosiologi C. Wright Mills esittää klassikkoteoksessaan Sosiologinen mielikuvitus (2015), että hyvä yhteiskuntatieteellinen tutkimus edellyttää mielikuvituksellista kykyä liikkua eri näkökulmien välillä ja tunnistaa olennaisia kysymyksiä myös teemoissa, joiden tutkimus voi vaikuttaa alkuun vähäpätöiseltä. Nykyisin yhteiskuntatieteissä tunnustetaan laaja-alaisesti tällaisen sosiologisen mielikuvituksen tarpeellisuus, mutta näkökulman menetelmällinen perustelu ja metodologisointi itsessään on edelleen hankalaa. Minkälaista metodologiaa sosiologinen tai yhteiskuntatieteellinen mielikuvitus vaatii?
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Pomeshkina, S. A., I. V. Borovik, K. S. Khadukina, I. N. Sizova y O. L. Barbarash. "VAZOPROTEKTIVNAYa AKTIVNOST' RANNIKh FIZIChESKIKh TRENIROVOK U BOL'NYKh, PERENESShIKh KORONARNOE ShUNTIROVANIE". CardioSomatics 2, n.º 1-1 (20 de diciembre de 2011): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/cs45646.
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Rannikko, Anni y Petri Paju. "Nuorisotutkimusta syrjästä. Keskustelu Päivi Armilan kanssa ja puhe kunniajäsenelle". Nuorisotutkimus 41, n.º 4 (22 de diciembre de 2023): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.57049/nuorisotutkimus.9142273.
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Sosiologian yliopistonlehtorina Itä-Suomen yliopistossa työskennellyt Päivi Armila on opettanut nuorisotutkimuksen kursseja 1990-luvulta lähtien, ohjannut kannustavalla ja tiukan sosiologisella otteella nuorisotutkimuksellisia väitöskirjoja ja osallistunut aktiivisesti nuoria ja nuoruutta koskeviin yhteiskuntapoliittisiin keskusteluihin ja kansalaistoimintaan. Armila on jäänyt eläkkeelle vuoden 2023 lopussa. Hänen oma polkunsa tutkijana on tiiviisti yhteydessä Joensuussa tehtävään nuorisotutkimukseen, joten on tässä haastattelussa hän kertaa Anni Rannikkon kanssa nuorisotutkimuksen historiaa Joensuussa. Nuorisotutkimusseuran hallitus on kutsunut Armilan yhdistyksen kunniajäseneksi. Kunniajäsenyyden julkisti yhdistyksen puheenjohtaja Petri Paju Nuorisotutkimuspäivillä 2023. Nuorisotutkimus-lehden toimituksen pyynnöstä hän kirjoitti jälkikäteen muistinvaraisesti julkistamispuheensa lehdessä julkaistavaksi.
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Sotnikova, Natalya Yuryevna, Yuliya Stanislavovna Antsiferova, Natalya Vladimirovna Kroshkina y Dmitriy Nikolayevich Voronin. "Rol' kletok vrozhdennogo immuniteta v obespechenii uspekha beremennosti na rannikh srokakh gestatsii". Journal of obstetrics and woman disease 62, n.º 2 (15 de mayo de 2013): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd622151-159.
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The innate immunity plays an important role in the development and maintenance of the immune balance at the fetal-maternal interface. NK and macrophages dominate in decidua at early stages of pregnancy. Interaction of innate immunity cells and invasive cytotrophoblast is a key factor defining regulation of maternal immune response and the development of placental tissues at early gestation period.
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Zueva, O. N. y V. G. Sharova. "PRIMENENIE RANNIKh VELOERGOMETRIChESKIKh TRENIROVOK U BOL'NYKh OSTRYM INFARKTOM MIOKARDA NA STATsIONARNOM ETAPE REABILITATsII". CardioSomatics 2, n.º 1-1 (20 de diciembre de 2011): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/cs45309.
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Ganenko, O. S., A. E. Kutuzova, M. V. Nazimova y E. A. Demchenko. "Bezopasnost' i effektivnost' rannikh trenazhernykh trenirovok bol'nykh ishemicheskoy bolezn'yu serdtsa posle koronarnogo shuntirovaniya". CardioSomatics 4, n.º 1-1 (15 de diciembre de 2013): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/cs45119.
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Mulari, Heta y Maaria Hartman. "”Mitenkähän tää nyt selitetään? Apua!”". Nuorisotutkimus 42, n.º 2 (20 de junio de 2024): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.57049/nuorisotutkimus.9146603.
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Tarkastelemme artikkelissa menetelmällisiä näkökulmia keholliseen tietoon ja sen muodostumiseen flowtaideyhteisöissä, joiden osallistujat ovat nuoria aikuisia ja aikuisia. Flowtaiteella tarkoitamme tässä artikkelissa ja tutkimiimme yhteisöihin kiinnittyen kehollista, liikkeeseen perustuvaa taidemuotoa, jonka osana käytetään erilaisia sirkustaiteesta tuttuja välineitä hulavanteista viuhkoihin, keppeihin, keiloihin, palloihin ja poihin. Siten tuomme artikkelissamme esiin yhden mahdollisen tavan ymmärtää flow ja flowtaide, mutta emme rajaa flow’ta yksinomaan sirkustaiteen kontekstiin. Artikkeli tuo näkökulmia osallistuvasta etnografisesta tutkimuksesta, luovista menetelmistä ja tutkijan muuttuvasta paikasta sekä kehollisesta tiedosta entistä vahvemmin osaksi nuorisotutkimusta. Artikkelin teoreettis-metodologinen tausta ponnistaa Minna Salamin (2021) näkemyksistä aistivoimaisesta ja kehollisesta tiedosta, luovista ja osallistuvista menetelmistä yhteiskuntatieteellisessä tutkimuksessa (esim. Ryynänen & Rannikko 2021) sekä kinesteettisen empatian käsitteestä (Parviainen 2003). Olemme tuottaneet artikkelin aineiston osallistuvan etnografisen havainnoinnin ja haastattelujen kautta yhdessä osallistujien kanssa. Asiasanat: etnografia, flow, flowtaide, kehollisuus, luovat menetelmät *** “How to explain this? Help!” Methodological possibilities for understanding bodily knowledge and flow artHeta Mulari & Maaria HartmanThe Finnish Journal of Youth Research(Nuorisotutkimus) Vol 42 (2), 35–50 This article explores different methodological ways of creating embodied knowledge with research participants. Thematically, the article focuses on the perspectives of young people and young adults in flow art communities. Flow art is understood here as an embodied, movement-based art form involving several different props familiar from circus arts, such as hula hoops, fans, contact sticks, clubs, and poi. However, flow can be experienced in many different art forms and activities, and this article presents one possible contextualization among many. The aim of the article is to foreground perspectives on participatory ethnographic research, creative methods, changing researcher positions, and embodied knowledge in the field of youth studies. Theoretically, the article is informed by Minna Salami’s (2021) theorizations of embodied and sensual knowledge, creative and participatory methods in social sciences (Ryynänen & Rannikko 2021), and kinesthetic empathy (Parviainen 2003). The research material was generated through ethnographic, participatory observation and interviews with the participants. Keywords: ethnography, flow, flow art, corporeality, creative methods
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Atyunina, I. V., E. V. Oshchepkova, A. A. Fedorovich, V. A. Dmitriev, O. V. Gushchina, V. N. Titov y A. N. Rogoza. "Mochevaya kislota i funktsiya endoteliya mikrotsirkulyatornogo rusla u bol'nykh na rannikh stadiyakh arterial'noy gipertonii". Systemic Hypertension 9, n.º 2 (15 de junio de 2012): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/sg33158.
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Kuraeva, Tamara Leonidovna, Elena Vital'evna Titovich, G. S. Kolesnikova y Valentina Alexandrovna Peterkova. "Geneticheskie markery i funktsiya (beta-kletok v rannikh (doklinicheskikh) stadiyakh sakharnogo diabeta tipa 1". Diabetes mellitus 5, n.º 2 (15 de junio de 2002): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/2072-0351-5468.
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Tallberg, Petra, Virpi Siipola y Maria Lehtimäki. "Maaperän liikkuvat piivarat: mitä haluamme tietää niistä ja miksi?" Suomen Maataloustieteellisen Seuran Tiedote, n.º 28 (31 de enero de 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.33354/smst.75645.
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Piin merkitys akvaattisten vesiekosysteemien toiminnalle ja luonnonvarojen perustana on tunnettu jo pitkään. Pii on elintärkeä makroravinne piileville (Bacillariophyceae), jotka muodostavat jopa 50 % valtamerten kaikista perustuottajista, kasviplanktonlevistä. Piilevien hiilensidonta on myös yksi merkittävimmistä hiilidioksidin nieluista (kuten myös piimineraalien rapautuminen). Lisäksi piin saatavuus vaikuttaa huomattavasti kasviplanktonyhteisön rakenteeseen – jos piitä on tarpeeksi sopivassa muodossa, se edistää piilevien kilpailukykyä ja voi näin mahdollisesti rajoittaa esimerkiksi sinilevien esiintymistä. Erityisesti rannikon läheisyydessä sekä sisämerissä (esimerkiksi Itämeressä) perustuottajien piin saatavuus on heikentymässä, sillä ihmistoiminta on toistaiseksi lähinnä vähentänyt piinkuormitusta mereen, joskaan kaikki syyt tähän eivät vielä ole tiedossa. Viime vuosikymmeninä on vasta opittu, että piillä on varsin paljon merkitystä myös suurelle osalle maakasveista. Piin riittävä saatavuus parantaa fotosynteesiä, kestävyyttä tauteja ja tuholaisia kohti, lieventää metallien toksisuutta, ravinteiden epätasapainoa ja suolaisuuden haittoja, estää lakoontumista, sekä lisää lämpötilakestävyyttä, kuivuudensietoa ja säteilyn sietokykyä. Maakasvit osallistuvat myös huomattavissa määrin piin lyhytaikaiseen, biologisesti merkittävään kiertoon: on arvioitu, että maakasvien piin sidonta (60–180 Tmol a–1) on samaa suuruusluokkaa kun piilevien piinotto valtamerissä, 240 Tmol a–1. Monet maaperässä tapahtuvat lyhytaikaiseen, piin kiertoon vaikuttavat prosessit, niiden keskinäinen merkitys, sekä osittain myös missä muodossa potentiaalisesti biologisesti käyttökelpoinen pii esiintyy, ovat edelleen puutteellisesti tunnettuja. Maakasvien ja akvaattisten organismien sitoma amorfinen, biogeeninen pii on esimerkiksi rakenteeltaan hyvin samanlaista, muttei identtistä. Mikro-organismit kuten sienet osallistuvat myös piin kiertoon esim. hajottamalla orgaanista ainesta, jolloin piitä vapautuu tämän seasta ja kiihdyttämällä rapautumista. Sienten merkitys amorfisen, biogeenisen piin hajotuksessa on kuitenkin toistaiseksi hyvin heikosti tunnettu. Koska biogeenisen piin uuttomenetelmät mahdollisesti yliarvioivat biogeenisen piin määrää ja uuttavat myös adsorboitunutta piitä, emme tiedä tarkasti, mitkä piivarannot ovat kasvien käytettävissä lyhyellä aikavälillä. Suomen oloissa on lisäksi vielä selvittämättä, hyötyisivätkö viljelyskasvit mahdollisesti piilannoituksesta, ja olisiko tämä taloudellisesti kannattavaa. Kannattavuuslaskelmissa olisi myös huomioitava, että lisääntynyt piikuorma vesistöihin voisi olla myönteinen, joskin vaikeasti arvioitava, tekijä perustuottajayhteisön ja vesistöjen virkistyskäytön kannalta.
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Leskinen, Matti, Pirkko Pylkkö, Irmeli Markkula y Kari Tiilikkala. "Tutkat hyönteismigraatioiden valvontaan". Suomen Maataloustieteellisen Seuran Tiedote, n.º 23 (31 de enero de 2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.33354/smst.75881.
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Säätutkilla kartoitetaan sadealueita. Ilmassa lentävät hyönteiset aiheuttavat sateiden ja satavien pilvien ohella merkittävimmän kaiun kesäaikaan säätutkissa. Koska tutkan mittauksessa käytännöllinen alin korkeus on sadan metrin luokkaa, hyönteiset ovat tällöin niin korkealla että niitä voidaan yleensä pitää vaeltajina. Vaeltavat hyönteiset nousevat tarkoituksellisesti tällaisille korkeuksille, kun taas muusta syystä liikkeellä olevat yksilöt pysyttäytyvät alhaalla, jossa ne voivat omalla lentonopeudellaan ylittää ilmanvirtausnopeuden ja pystyvät pääsemään kohteeseensa. Säätutkilla hyönteisten aiheuttama kaiku-kerros ulottuu tavallisesti noin +5 asteen lämpötilaan saakka, jolloin noin +25 asteen pintalämpötilassa kauniina kesäpäivänä kaikukerros voi olla noin kahden kilometrin paksuinen.Hyönteismigraatiolla voidaan tarkoittaa hyvin erilaisia yksilöiden liikkeitä, joilla on merkitystä lajin populaatioille. Suomessa migraatioihin liittyviä tutkimuksia on tehty paljon toisaalta perhosten ja toisaalta tuhohyönteisten osalta. Metapopulaatioiden tutkimuksessa migraatio on myös keskeinen tekijä. Hyönteisten vaellusten tarkkailussa kiinnostuksen kohteena ovat olleet erityisesti immigraatiot, jotka tuovat tarkastellulle alueelle yksilöitä. Immigraation merkitys korostuu tuhohyönteisten vaikutusten arvioinnissa, koska yleensä ennustusmenetelmät populaatioiden kehittymisestä perustuvat havaintoihin paikallisesta populaatiosta.Erityisesti Helsingin yliopiston säätutkan mittauksia on viime kahdenkymmenen vuoden kuluessa käytetty lähinnä kirvojen ja perhosten immigraatioiden tutkimuksessa. Tämän tutkan sijainti Suomenlahden rannikon tuntumassa onkin tehnyt mahdolliseksi erottaa meren yli tulevat immigraatiot lyhytkestoisemmista paikallisista vaelluksista. Toisaalta taas Ilmatieteen laitoksen säätutkaverkosto kattaa varsinkin Etelä-Suomen kesäisten sateiden osalta varsin hyvin, jolloin myös hyönteisvaellusten seurantaa voidaan tehdä koko alueella. Vuoden 2004 lopulla Helsingin yliopiston rakennuksen katolle Kumpulan yliopistoalueella asennettiin uuden säätutkan antenni. Tämä Vaisala Oyj:n rakentama tutka on Suomen ensimmäinen polarimetrinen säätutka.Polarisaatiosäätutkalla kyetään aikaisempaa paremmin erottamaan hyönteiset muista kaiun aiheuttajista ja lisäksi on mahdollista saada lisää tietoa havaittavien hyönteisten lajistosta ja käyttäytymisestä ilmavirtauksissa. Tämän tutkan käyttömahdollisuuksia ja yleensä vastaavanlaisten järjestelmien hyödyntämistä tutkitaan hankkeessa "Polarisaatiotutkan monitieteelliset sovellukset". Yksi alue tässä tutkimuksessa on kehittää tuhohyönteisten vaellusten ennustusmalli. Tässä osuudessa ovat mukana Helsingin yliopisto, Ilmatieteen laitos ja Maa- ja elintarviketalouden tutkimuskeskus. Säätutkilla ja erityisesti käytössä olevalla uudella polarisaatiotutkalla hyönteisvaelluksia pyritään seuraamaan tämän ennustusmallin toiminnan varmistamiseksi. Samaan aikaan tehostetulla hyönteisten pyydystyksellä selvitetään vaellusten saapumista maastoon.
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Massman, W. J. "Reply to comment by Rannik on “A simple method for estimating frequency response corrections for eddy covariance systems”". Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 107, n.º 3 (abril de 2001): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(00)00237-9.
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Narasimha, M. Raja, S. Krishnam Raju, I. Venkata Reddy, P. N. Siva Prasad y N. Rajashekar. "District Agro Meteorological Advisory Services in Agriculture, Horticulture and its Allied Sectors in NTR District of Semi Arid Region of South Coastal Andhra Pradesh, India". International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, n.º 18 (22 de julio de 2023): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i183331.
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Agriculture is the main economy for rural population over 70 per cent of Indian population depends on agriculture directly or indirectly. Agriculture plays important role in rural economy. Weather plays crucial role in agriculture. Timely weather forecasting plays main role in agriculture by keeping the view India Meteorological Department and Indian Council for Agricultural Research, were initiated 1 centers at KVK. In Andhra Pradesh 7 District agro-meteorological units (DAMUs) centers (Amadalavalasa, Rastakuntabai, Garikapadu, Darsi, Nellore, Utukuru and Banavasi) were established as well as in India 340 DAMUs were established to send agro advisory services at district level. In N.T.R and Krishna district DAMU initiated during the year 2019 located at Dr. K.L. Rao Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Garikapadu. The DAMU units send biweekly bulletins in the N.T.R and Krishna district every Tuesday and Friday. During the year 2022-23 in Kharif season provides more number of agro and its allied sectors advisories. In cotton Boll Rot management and Pink Boll Worm management messages more number of messages sent. Horticulture crops such as Chilliprovided more no. of messages on black thrips management. In livestock buffalo foot and mouth disease control vaccine messages has been sanded as well as in poultry to control of rannikhet disease sent more. Weather related messages has been communicated through what’s app groups and telegrams.
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Merivirta, Ruusu-Maaria, Timo-Pekka Lehto, Antti Rannikko, Tuomas Mirtti y Hannu Koistinen. "Abstract 5199: Protease-activated CDCP1 as a marker for aggressive primary prostate cancer and castration resistance". Cancer Research 84, n.º 6_Supplement (22 de marzo de 2024): 5199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-5199.
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Abstract CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is a type 1 transmembrane protein overexpressed in many cancers, including prostate cancer. CDCP1 has been associated with tumor progression, metastasis, drug resistance and poor prognosis in prostate cancer, making it a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. It has been shown to be overexpressed in a subset of castration resistant prostate cancers (CRPC) and cooperate with the loss of tumor suppressor PTEN to promote metastatic dissemination. Extracellular serine proteases activate CDCP1 by cleaving it into an N-terminal and C-terminal fragments. Proteolytic cleavage has been associated with the tumor-promoting functions of CDCP1. We studied the expression of full-length and cleaved form of CDCP1 in grade group 2-4 primary prostate cancer tissues and CRPCs using immunohistochemistry. Total CDCP1 staining was observed in 60% of primary prostate cancer samples, while the staining of cleaved CDCP1 was somewhat less frequently observed (45%). The results will be further analyzed regarding the PTEN status and for association with survival of the patients. In conclusion, so far, our results have indicated that cleaved CDCP1, which likely represents activated CDCP1, is detectable in GG 2-4 prostate cancers. Citation Format: Ruusu-Maaria Merivirta, Timo-Pekka Lehto, Antti Rannikko, Tuomas Mirtti, Hannu Koistinen. Protease-activated CDCP1 as a marker for aggressive primary prostate cancer and castration resistance [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5199.
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Turpin, Rita J., Ruixian Liu, Pauliina Munne, Aino Peura, Jenna Rannikko, Gino Philips, Natasha Salmelin et al. "Abstract 4122: TIL-containing patient-derived explant cultures reveal role of metformin on antigen presenting cell activation". Cancer Research 83, n.º 7_Supplement (4 de abril de 2023): 4122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-4122.
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Abstract Globally, breast cancer is among the most diagnosed cancer types for women. Current and upcoming breast cancer therapies are being investigated in combination with compounds that stimulate an immune response, but whether the therapeutic agents themselves have unexpected immunomodulatory effects is often overlooked. Here, we have developed a method to grow 3D cultures of intact fragments of patient-derived tissue (Patient-Derived Explant Cultures; PDECs) to assess the preclinical potential of studying human tumor cells and immune cells simultaneously ex vivo Single cell sequencing, flow cytometry, gene expression profiling and cytokine profiling data show that the tumor immunocontexture is conserved in PDECs and that these resident immune cells respond to distinct immune stimulus We performed gene expression profiling, flow cytometry, and cytokine profiling of drug-treated human explants and found that metformin has antitumor potential through the activation of antigen presenting cells. We further validated in vitro that metformin-mediated APC activation is largely through mitochondrial respiration inhibition irrespective of the presence of tumor cells. Our PDEC platform highlights the preclinical potential of ex vivo explants by simultaneously offering information of tumor and immune cell toxicity and mechanism. Citation Format: Rita J. Turpin, Ruixian Liu, Pauliina Munne, Aino Peura, Jenna Rannikko, Gino Philips, Natasha Salmelin, Elina Hurskainen, Ilida Suleymanova, Minna Mutka, Tuomo Meretoja, Johanna Mattson, Satu Mustjoki, Päivi Saavalainen, Diether Lambrechts, Jeroen Pouwels, Maija Hollmén, Juha Klefström. TIL-containing patient-derived explant cultures reveal role of metformin on antigen presenting cell activation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4122.
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Rannikko, Jenna H., Reetta Virtakoivu, Akira Takeda, Pia Boström, Ilkka Koskivuo, Petri Bono y Maija Hollmén. "Abstract P2-24-02: Analyzing susceptibility to macrophage-activating immunotherapy bexmarilimab in breast cancer by using patient-derived tumor explants". Cancer Research 83, n.º 5_Supplement (1 de marzo de 2023): P2–24–02—P2–24–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p2-24-02.
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Abstract The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment governed by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) remains a major obstacle to effective cancer immunotherapy. A novel humanized antibody bexmarilimab, targeting the scavenger receptor Clever-1 on TAMs, has shown clinical benefit in ~40% of patients with late-stage ER+ breast cancer (MATINS; NCT03733990). To increase response rates, a comprehensive understanding on how TAM phenotype and the tumor immune landscape affect bexmarilimab-induced immune activation is needed. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of breast tumor macrophages shows high phenotypic variation across pathological subtypes and Clever-1 mRNA (STAB1) expression on various immunosuppressive IL4I1+ and TREM2+ monocyte-derived TAMs. STAB1 expressing macrophages were located in both lymphocyte rich and excluded areas in the tumor stroma based on digital spatial profiling with GeoMx. Due to this diversity, we studied bexmarilimab mode-of-action in breast cancer patient-derived tumor explant cultures (PDEC) by RNA sequencing and cytokine profiling. Our results show that bexmarilimab induced TNFα and CXCL10 secretion in 30-40% of the treated explants. In depth analysis of the responsive PDECs revealed a lower baseline expression of interferon responsive genes in their tumor microenvironment. Correspondingly, in vitro assays with primary human macrophages showed that chronic IFNγ priming abolished bexmarilimab-induced immune activation, suggesting potential use of bexmarilimab in patients with immunologically cold breast tumors. Citation Format: Jenna H. Rannikko, Reetta Virtakoivu, Akira Takeda, Pia Boström, Ilkka Koskivuo, Petri Bono, Maija Hollmén. Analyzing susceptibility to macrophage-activating immunotherapy bexmarilimab in breast cancer by using patient-derived tumor explants [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-24-02.
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Koistinen, Hannu, Ruusu-Maaria Kovanen, Timo-Pekka Lehto, Antti Rannikko y Tuomas Mirtti. "Abstract 5551: Cancer associated PSA-glycoforms as prostate cancer markers". Cancer Research 83, n.º 7_Supplement (4 de abril de 2023): 5551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5551.
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Abstract Changes in protein glycosylation have been observed in several cancers, where they affect cellular growth behavior, invasiveness and acquisition of metastatic potential. Such changes are not random and have been found to associate with cancer aggressiveness. Thus, detection of protein glycosylation may offer novel opportunities for cancer biomarker development. Since prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is glycosylated, assessing different PSA-glycoforms may provide valuable diagnostic and prognostic information. We recently established a novel in situ proximity ligation-based method for the detection of different protein-glycoforms in tissue sections. This method utilizes protein-specific antibody and glycan-binding lectins. We have optimized this method for the detection of different PSA-glycoforms in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded prostatic tumor samples. We found that PSA is, indeed, differently glycosylated in prostate cancer (n=23) compared to benign prostate tissue (n=4). Two of the 25 studied lectins showed prominent staining only in cancer tissues (p<0.0001 for both), although the total PSA staining was stronger in benign tissues (p=0.006). We are currently validating these results in large, well-curated clinical cohorts, with intention to test whether PSA-glycoforms in tissue offer improved detection of clinically significant prostate cancer. These studies facilitate development of tools for identification of cancer-specific PSA-isoforms in serum samples. Detection of such isoforms is likely to provide independent diagnostic and prognostic information. Citation Format: Hannu Koistinen, Ruusu-Maaria Kovanen, Timo-Pekka Lehto, Antti Rannikko, Tuomas Mirtti. Cancer associated PSA-glycoforms as prostate cancer markers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5551.
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Kovanen, Ruusu-Maaria, Netta Koskinen, Timo-Pekka Lehto, Antti Rannikko, Tuomas Mirtti y Hannu Koistinen. "Abstract 5564: SerpinE2: A potential biomarker for urological cancers". Cancer Research 83, n.º 7_Supplement (4 de abril de 2023): 5564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5564.
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Abstract SerpinE2, also known as protease nexin-1, is an extracellular serine protease inhibitor modulating the activity of serine proteases such as thrombin, plasmin, urokinase-type plasminogen activator and trypsin. Dysregulation between extracellular serine proteases and their cognate inhibitors has been implicated in malignant progression, making serpins promising biomarkers for tumor progression and prognosis. SerpinE2 is upregulated in many cancers and promotes tumor invasion and metastasis. In this study, we analyzed serpinE2 expression by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays comprising of samples from prostate, bladder and kidney cancers. The studied samples were clinically hard-to-risk stratify and thus relevant for biomarker studies. We aimed to study the association of serpinE2 expression with survival and clinicopathological features in all three cancers, and evaluate its potential as an immunohistochemical biomarker. In the case of bladder cancer, association of serpinE2 expression with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was also assessed. We found that although the strong expression of serpinE2 was related to more aggressive prostate cancers (p = 0.017) and high grade bladder cancers (p = 0.034), it was not associated with relapse, treatment response or survival of prostate and bladder cancer patients. In renal cancer, on the contrary, serpinE2 expression was significantly lower in patients with tumor relapse (p = 0.048) and high expression predicted favorable disease-specific survival (p = 0.013). Our findings help understanding the functional role of serpinE2 in cancer progression and guide the prognostic biomarker research of serpinE2, particularly for prediction of renal cancer-specific survival. Citation Format: Ruusu-Maaria Kovanen, Netta Koskinen, Timo-Pekka Lehto, Antti Rannikko, Tuomas Mirtti, Hannu Koistinen. SerpinE2: A potential biomarker for urological cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5564.
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Pellinen, Teijo, Kevin Smith, Sami Blom, Riku Turkki, Annabrita Hemmes, Katja Välimäki, Juho Eineluoto et al. "Abstract 4134: Stromal FAP expression is associated with MRI visibility and patient survival in prostate cancer". Cancer Research 82, n.º 12_Supplement (15 de junio de 2022): 4134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-4134.
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Abstract Some clinically significant prostate cancers (PCa) are missed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We asked if the tumor stroma in surgically treated primary PCa lesions positive or negative with MRI are different in their cellular and molecular properties, and whether the differences are reflected to the clinical course of the disease. We profiled the stromal and immune cell composition of MRI-classified tumor lesions by applying multiplexed fluorescence immunohistochemistry (mfIHC) and automated image analysis in a clinical cohort of 343 patients (Cohort I). We compared stromal variables between MRI-visible, invisible lesions, and benign tissue and assessed the predictive significance for biochemical recurrence (BCR) and disease-specific survival (DSS) using Cox regression and Log rank analysis. Subsequently, we carried out a prognostic validation of the identified biomarkers in a population-based cohort of 319 patients (Cohort II). MRI true-positive lesions are different from benign tissue and MRI false-negative lesions in their stromal composition. CD163-positive cells and fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-positive cells were more abundant in MRI true-positive than in MRI false-negative lesions or benign areas. In MRI true-visible lesions, a high proportion of stromal FAP-positive cells was associated with PTEN status and increased immune infiltration (CD8+, CD163+), and predicted elevated risk for BCR. High FAP phenotype was confirmed to be a strong indicator of poor prognosis in two independent patient cohorts using also conventional IHC. The molecular composition of the tumor stroma may determine whether early prostate lesions are detectable by MRI and associates with survival after surgical treatment. Citation Format: Teijo Pellinen, Kevin Smith, Sami Blom, Riku Turkki, Annabrita Hemmes, Katja Välimäki, Juho Eineluoto, Anu Kenttämies, Stig Nordling, Olli Kallioniemi, Antti Rannikko, Tuomas Mirtti. Stromal FAP expression is associated with MRI visibility and patient survival in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 4134.
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Labanaris, Apostolos P., Vahudin Zugor y Jorn H. Witt. "Re: Meelan Bul, Xiaoye Zhu, Antti Rannikko, et al. Radical Prostatectomy for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Following Initial Active Surveillance: Results from a Prospective Observational Study. Eur Urol 2012;62:195–200". European Urology 63, n.º 1 (enero de 2013): e11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.09.032.
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Yli-Halla, Markku. "Happamien sulfaattimaiden luokittelu ja viljelyn vaihtoehdot". Suomen Maataloustieteellisen Seuran Tiedote, n.º 26 (31 de enero de 2010): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.33354/smst.75806.
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Euroopan laajimmat happamien sulfaattimaiden esiintymät ovat Suomessa, Pohjanmaan rannikolla. Ne ovat kuivatuksen ja kalkituksen jälkeen hyviä viljelysmaita. Niiden pohjamaassa on lisäksi runsaat kasveille käyttökelpoisen typen varat, joita syväjuuriset kasvit voinevat hyödyntää. Salaojitetun sulfaattimaan pohjamaassa oleva sulfidi hapettuu vähitellen rikkihapoksi, joka liuottaa metalleja maa-aineksesta. Sulfaattimailta tulevat valumavedet ovatkin johtaneet kalakantojen heikkenemiseen ja suoranaisiin kalakuolemiin varsinkin kuivien kesien jälkeen. Ongelmia alkoi laajemmin ilmetä 1970-luvulla, kun sulfaattimaiden salaojitus yleistyi. Sulfaattimailta tulevaa happamuusongelmaa pidetäänkin yhtenä vaikeimmin ratkaistavana vesiensuojeluongelmana maassamme. Viljeltyjen sulfaattimaiden tarkkaa levinneisyyttä Suomessa ei tiedetä, koska kattavia maaperäkartoituksia niiden esiintymisestä ei ole tehty. Arviot vaihtelevat 50 000 - 330 000 ha:n välillä sen mukaan, millaiset maat luetaan sulfaattimaiksi. Nämä maat eivät ole yhtenäinen ryhmä, vaan suurinta kuormitusta tulee todennäköisesti sellaisilta hiljattain salaojitetuilta alueilta, joilla sulfidikerrokset ovat lähellä maan pintaa (<1,5 m). Usein tällaisia alueita ovat lähellä rannikkoa olevat pengerrysalueet. Sulfaattimaat tulisikin jakaa erilaisiin luokkiin sen perusteella, minkä suuruista kuormitusta niiltä oletetaan tulevan. Erityyppisillä sulfaattimailla tarvitaan erilaisia toimia niiden maatalouskäytön ja ympäristönsuojelun tavoitteiden yhteensovittamiseksi. Kun pyritään sulfaattimailta tulevan happamuuskuormituksen hallintaan, keskeistä on sulfidien hapettumisen estäminen. Tähän tavoitteeseen päästään, kun sulfidit pystytään pitämään mahdollisimman suuren osan vuotta pohjaveden pinnan alapuolella. Säätösalaojitus, varsinkin yhdistettynä kalkkisuodinojitukseen, on vähentänyt kuivatusvesien happamuutta ja metallipitoisuuksia. Menetelmä näyttää toimivan, jos sulfidikerrokset ovat melko syvällä (2-3 m). Viljelykasvien runsas vedenkäyttö kesällä johtaa väistämättä pohjaveden pinnan merkittävään laskuun säätösalaojituksesta huolimatta. Sellaisilla mailla, joilla sulfidikerrokset ovat lähellä maan pintaa, ne jäävät kesällä kuivilleen säätösalaojitetulla pellollakin, jolloin sulfidi pääsee hapettumaan. Tällaisilla mailla happamuuden syntyä voitaneen ehkäistä kuivatusvesien kierrättämisellä ja suoranaisella veden pumppaamisella ojastoon. Korkeaa pohjaveden pintaa sietävien kasvien viljely sulfaattimailla on tutkimisen arvoista. Äärimmäisenä toimena, joka saattaa tulla kysymykseen kaikkein vaikeimmilla alueilla, on kuivatuksen huomattava vähentäminen tai kuivatuksesta luopuminen. Näillä äärimmäisillä toimilla on huomattava vaikutus maatalouden harjoittamiseen ja tuotannon kannattavuuteen. Ennen kuin maatalouden kannattavuuteen ja tuotantoedellytyksiin kohdistuvia toimia ruvetaan edellyttämään, on selvitettävä, kuinka suurta maatilojen määrää ja kuinka suurta osuutta niiden pinta-alasta erilaiset toimenpiteet kohdistuisivat ja arvioitava tällä perusteella toimenpiteiden taloudelliset vaikutukset ja niiden toteuttamisen realistisuus. Tukijärjestelmiä on kehitettävä uusia vaatimuksia vastaaviksi. Luontoarvokaupan ulottaminen sulfaattimaille ja maanvaihtona toteutettavat tilusjärjestelyt voimakkaimmilla happamilla sulfaattimailla ovat harkinnanarvoisia vaihtoehtoja mahdollisten sulfaattimaihin kohdistuvien käyttörajoitusten kompensoimiseksi. Vaikka kattavia kartoituksia ei toistaiseksi ole olemassa, erilaisiin toimiin happamuuden syntymisen ehkäisemiseksi voidaan jo nyt ryhtyä tiedossa olevilla sulfaattimaa-alueilla.
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Ates, Ferhat, Ilker Akyol y Hasan Soydan. "Re: Meelan Bul, Xiaoye Zhu, Antti Rannikko, et al. Radical Prostatectomy for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Following Initial Active Surveillance: Results From a Prospective Observational Study. Eur Urol. In press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.02.002". European Urology 62, n.º 1 (julio de 2012): e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.04.001.
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Lehto, Timo-Pekka K., Carolin Stürenberg, Juho Pylväläinen, Kevin Sandeman, Anu Kenttämies, Stig Nordling, Jing Tang, Tuomas Mirtti y Antti Rannikko. "Abstract 5171: Gene expression in multi-parametric MRI visible and invisible prostate cancers predicts progression". Cancer Research 82, n.º 12_Supplement (15 de junio de 2022): 5171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5171.
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Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) diagnostics are shifting towards multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with targeted biopsies. However, some 10% of clinically significant PCa (csPCa) is missed with current MRI sequences. Evidence on biological differences between MRI visible and invisible csPCa is scarce. Our aim was to find out, whether MRI invisible lesions harbor more indolent characteristics compared to visible csPCa lesions, and to identify transcript markers of MRI visibility. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 45 radical prostatectomy-treated men with csPCa, including 30 with MRI visible lesions, 15 with MRI invisible lesions and additional 19 benign controls. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the invisible lesions were measured based on their topographical locations in histological slides. The histological slides were checked for histological subtypes of PCa and the prostate epithelium and stroma surface area were measured using machine learning. mRNA was analyzed using Nanostring nCounter platform. First, hierarchical clustering of transcript copy counts was performed. Next, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between study groups were analyzed and Reactome pathway analysis was performed to identify genes and pathways responsible for MRI visibility. Random forest models (RFMs) were trained to predict MRI visibility using DEGs, and genes in MSK-IMPACT, Decipher, Oncotype DX and Prolaris. RFMs were also trained to predict metastatic and lethal PCa using DEGs. Results: MRI negative lesions remained invisible upon radiologist re-evaluation. Clinicopathological characteristics did not explain MRI invisibility, while ADC values were higher in invisible lesions than visible ones. Hierarchical clustering did not separate visible and invisible lesions, while benign samples formed a cluster. We identified a set of 10 and 52 DEGs and 65 enriched pathways between visible and invisible specimens. RFMs performed well in predicting MRI visibility for our 10- and 52-gene DEG sets (AUC = 0.92), for transcripts in Decipher, Oncotype DX, Prolaris (AUC = 0.69-0.86) and MSK-IMPACT (AUC = 0.93). RFMs based on 52- and 10-DEG sets showed independent value in predicting metastatic (AUC = 0.67 and 0.65) and lethal disease (AUC = 0.70 and 0.72) and the samples with predicted poor outcomes based on RFMs had significantly worse survival (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: MRI visibility is net result of many genes and might be linked to various biological processes. Invisible lesions harbor a less aggressive transcript signature than visible csPCa and might be considered for more conservative management. Further research is required to validate these findings on protein level and to find histological correlates. Promising markers altered in currently MRI invisible csPCa could be used to improve MRI sequences. Citation Format: Timo-Pekka K. Lehto, Carolin Stürenberg, Juho Pylväläinen, Kevin Sandeman, Anu Kenttämies, Stig Nordling, Jing Tang, Tuomas Mirtti, Antti Rannikko. Gene expression in multi-parametric MRI visible and invisible prostate cancers predicts progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5171.
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Säilä, Jenni, Annabrita Schoonenberg, Katja Välimäki, Timo-Pekka Lehto, Carolin Stürenberg, Andrew Erickson, Antti Rannikko et al. "Abstract 2091: Open-source single-cell spatial image analysis pipeline for ten-plex immunofluorescence of histological prostate cancer tissue sections". Cancer Research 83, n.º 7_Supplement (4 de abril de 2023): 2091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-2091.
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Abstract Introduction: Multiplexed fluorescence immunohistochemistry (mfIHC) allows the detection of multiple protein markers on the same histological tissue section, generating valuable information on specific cell subsets and cellular states in their spatial tissue context. Here, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept study for profiling different tumor microenvironment cell subsets in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded prostate cancer tissue microarrays. Materials and methods: We applied automated mfIHC simultaneous staining of 31 slides with 3.5-µm sections using an Autostainer (Epredia, Kalamazoo, USA). The protocol included four rounds of cyclic staining and scanning of the slides with AxioScanZ.1 (Zeiss, Germany). Each cycle included DAPI for nuclear staining. Here, we applied this pipeline to detect the following targets: D2-40 (lymphatics), CD3 (T lymphocytes), CD56 (NK cells/neural cells/neuroendocrine cells), CD11b+ myeloid cells, PDGFRB (fibroblasts/pericytes), CD20 (B lymphocytes), CD31 (endothelium), CD45 (leukocytes), HLADR+ antigene-presenting cells, as well as a cocktail with PanCK and ECADH to detect epithelial cells. Three different prostate cancer TMA cohorts with n=907 patient samples were analyzed here using this approach.The scanned images were exported as Big TIFF individual channel whole-slide images. Individual TMA spot images were marked with Fiji ROI1 1-Click Tool macro (ImageJ 1.53t), and separate rounds were registered with Python (version 3.11.0, Python Software Foundation) using DAPI channel as reference. Nuclear segmentation was created with nucleAIzer trained modified Mask R-CNN model (https://github.com/lopaavol/nuclei_segmentation). All TMA spot images were run through image curation, where artefacts are excluded by machine learning using ilastik software (version 1.3.3post3). Then, CellProfiler (version 4.2.1) was applied to combine image curated tissue masks and segmented nuclei for cell-based channel intensity measurements. Finally, Jupyter Notebook was applied to classify cell subsets into specific phenotypes using intensity-based thresholding for each channel. Results and Conclusions: We present a detailed pipeline for 10-plex mfIHC with open-source single-cell image analysis tools. The approach can be applied to histological laboratories when combined with a standard five fluorescent channel scanner or imager and with basic computing skills. As the system applies secondary antibodies for the detection, it is flexible for optimizing new antibody panels, and the user is not limited to pre-labelled antibody panels often connected with commercial staining and imaging systems. The approach is especially suited for large-scale high-throughput tissue profiling studies when high n-values are needed for linking associated patient clinical data with spatial phenotype data. Citation Format: Jenni Säilä, Annabrita Schoonenberg, Katja Välimäki, Timo-Pekka Lehto, Carolin Stürenberg, Andrew Erickson, Antti Rannikko, Olli Kallioniemi, Lassi Paavolainen, Tuomas Mirtti, Teijo Pellinen. Open-source single-cell spatial image analysis pipeline for ten-plex immunofluorescence of histological prostate cancer tissue sections [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2091.
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Säilä, Jenni, Timo-Pekka Lehto, Annabrita Schoonenberg, Katja Välimäki, Andrew Erickson, Antti Rannikko, Olli Kallioniemi, Tuomas Mirtti y Teijo Pellinen. "Abstract 299: FAP/αSMA association with tumor visibility and progression in prostate cancer". Cancer Research 84, n.º 6_Supplement (22 de marzo de 2024): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-299.
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Abstract Introduction Prostate cancer (PCa) ranks as the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in the male population worldwide. The challenge in effectively managing PCa is the absence of well-established biological markers, which often leads to both over and under treatment. To address this issue, a deeper understanding of the molecular alterations within PCa is essential for more accurate patient stratification. In this research, we embark on a comprehensive examination of how the presence of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) in PCa tissue associates with the visibility of the disease in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and their impact on cancer progression. The objective of this study is to analyze cell compartmental expression of FAP and aSMA using an AI based image analysis method. We also study the role of FAP and αSMA expression in predicting disease progression and mortality. Materials and Methods We applied FAP (ab207178, Abcam)/αSMA (M0851, DAKO) double chromogen immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to three independent cohorts of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) prostate cancer tissue microarrays. All together, we analyzed 835 patients’ samples. First cohort consists of 387 patients with preoperative multiparametric MRI and robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) as primary treatment. Second cohort was case vs control cohort of Grade group 2-4 localized PCa at radical prostatectomy (RP) with 168 patients. Third cohort consists PCa patents from continuous, population-based collection of radical prostatectomies of 319 patients. Image analysis was performed with Aiforia Create, which is cloud-based deep-learning artificial intelligence software that provides platform for training and validating automated image analysis pipelines using convolutional neural networks. Analysis algorithm in this project was based on semantic, pixel-level area segmentation. Results FAP expression was higher and αSMA lower in MRI-visible tumors compared with MRI-invisible tumors. Stromal and epithelial FAP expression associate with tumor progression. We could also see statistically significant differences in FAP positivity between clinically significant (GS ≥7) and insignificant (GS ≤6) tumors. Hazard ratios imply that FAP and αSMA have significant impact on risk of biochemical recurrence in patients with MRI-visible tumors. Conclusions FAP is closely linked to tumor MRI visibility, cancer progression, and Gleason scores, marking it as a valuable biomarker in PCa assessment. High stromal αSMA is primarily associated with MRI visibility. Our automated AI-based image analysis method has demonstrated reliability, aligning with our previous findings. This advances the potential for more accurate and efficient prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis, offering a potential benefit to future patient care. Citation Format: Jenni Säilä, Timo-Pekka Lehto, Annabrita Schoonenberg, Katja Välimäki, Andrew Erickson, Antti Rannikko, Olli Kallioniemi, Tuomas Mirtti, Teijo Pellinen. FAP/αSMA association with tumor visibility and progression in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 299.
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Bul, Meelan, Xiaoye Zhu y Monique J. Roobol. "Reply to Ferhat Ates, Ilker Akyol and Hasan Soydan’s Letter to the Editor re: Meelan Bul, Xiaoye Zhu, Antti Rannikko, et al. Radical Prostatectomy for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Following Initial Active Surveillance: Results from a Prospective Observational Study. Eur Urol. In press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.02.002". European Urology 62, n.º 1 (julio de 2012): e10-e11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.04.002.
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Pylväläinen, Juho, Jaakko Hoffström, Anu Kenttämies, Anssi Auvinen, Tuomas Mirtti y Antti Rannikko. "Abstract 2234: Incidence of clinically significant prostate cancer after negative prostate MRI - comparison to general population". Cancer Research 82, n.º 12_Supplement (15 de junio de 2022): 2234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2234.
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Abstract Prostate MRI has high NPV (around 90%) for clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa, ISUP grade group ≥ 2)1. However, clinicians are still faced with significant uncertainty when considering whether to avoid or to proceed to systematic biopsies in a man with negative MRI (nMRI). When making such an informed decision, information on the risk of subsequent csPCa diagnosis after nMRI in respect to risk of csPCa in general population may be beneficial. Hence, our objective was to compare incidence rate (IR) of csPCa and overdiagnosis rate (diagnosis of ISUP grade group 1 cancer, isPCa) after nMRI (PI-RADS 1-2) to outcomes in general population, and to assess the value of age and PSA-density in stratification. We utilized institutional and national registries to retrospectively identify 1,685 50-79-year-old PCa-free men who underwent a primary nMRI at our institution, of whom 906 men had PSA-D < 0.15 ng/ml/cm3. We compared the IR of csPCa and overdiagnosis rate in relation to general population (n=230,246) during follow-up (up to four years) under clinical routine since December 2015 (PIRADS v2 era). We calculated age-standardized IR ratios (IRR) of csPCa and odds ratios (OR) of overdiagnosis with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) as age-pooled and among 10-year interval groups (50-59, 60-69 and 70-79 years). Follow-up times in general population cohort, nMRI cohort, and nMRI and low PSA-D cohort were 885,792, 3,363, and 1,821 years and IRs of csPCa were 406, 2,201, and 989 per 100,000 person years. In reference to general population, IRR of csPCa in nMRI cohort was 4.2 (95% CI 3.3-5.4) which reduced to 1.8 (95% CI 1.1-2.9) if PSA-D was < 0.15 ng/ml/cm3. ORs of isPCa were 3.0 (95% CI 2.0-4.6) and 4.6 (95% CI 2.2-9.5), respectively. IRRs of csPCa of 50-59, 60-69 and 70-79-year-old men were 14.1 (95% CI 10.5-25.4), 3.2 (95% CI 2.1-4.6) and 3.4 (95% CI 1.6-3.9). Limitations of this study include retrospective and registry-based design. In conclusion, the risk of subsequent csPCa after nMRI in young men is significant, when compared to population risk. However, with advancing age, these risks converge. For a subgroup of men with PSA-D < 0.15 ng/ml/cm3, the relative risk of csPCa is low in all age groups and comparable to population risk. At the same time, the risk of overdiagnosis after nMRI is substantially higher than in general population. In light of our results, elderly men with nMRI and men at all age groups with nMRI and PSA-D < 0.15 ng/ml/cm3 could be considered candidates for follow-up instead of systematic biopsy. References: 1. Sathianathen NJ, Omer A, Harriss E, et al. Negative Predictive Value of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Detection of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer in the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Era: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Urol. 2020;78(3):402-414. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.048 Citation Format: Juho Pylväläinen, Jaakko Hoffström, Anu Kenttämies, Anssi Auvinen, Tuomas Mirtti, Antti Rannikko. Incidence of clinically significant prostate cancer after negative prostate MRI - comparison to general population [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2234.
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Østergaard, M., R. Van Vollenhoven, A. Rudin, M. L. Hetland, M. Heiberg, D. Nordström, M. Nurmohamed et al. "OP0058 CERTOLIZUMAB-PEGOL, ABATACEPT, TOCILIZUMAB OR ACTIVE CONVENTIONAL THERAPY IN EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC 48-WEEKS RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATOR-INITIATED RANDOMIZED NORD-STAR TRIAL". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (23 de mayo de 2022): 38.2–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.868.
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BackgroundThe optimal first-line treatment of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (eRA) is not established.ObjectivesTo compare clinical and radiographic outcomes of active conventional therapy (ACT) with each of three biological therapies with different modes of action.MethodsIn this investigator-initiated, randomized, open-label, blinded-assessor study (NCT01491815), patients with treatment-naïve eRA with DAS28>3.2 and RF+/ACPA+/CRP>10mg/L, were randomized 1:1:1:1 to methotrexate combined with: 1) oral prednisolone (tapered quickly; discontinued at w36); or: sulphasalazine, hydroxychloroquine and mandatory intra-articular (IA) glucocorticoid injections in swollen joints (ACT); 2) certolizumab-pegol (CZP); 3) abatacept (ABA) or 4) tocilizumab (TCZ). IA glucocorticoid was allowed in all arms except w20-24 and w44-48. Co-primary outcomes at w48 were CDAI remission (CDAI≤2.8) and change in total van der Heijde-modified Sharp Score from baseline (ΔvdHSSw0-w48). A combination of Bonferroni and Dunnet’s procedure adjusted for multiple testing. The primary endpoints were estimated using logistic regression and analysis of covariance, adjusted for sex, anti-CCP status and country.Results812 patients were randomized. Adjusted CDAI remission rates at w48 were: 59.3% (ABA), 52.3% (CZP), 51.9% (TCZ) and 39.2% (ACT). Compared to ACT, CDAI remission rates were superior for ABA (adjusted difference +20.1%; adjusted p<0.001) and CZP (+13.1%; p=0.021), but not TCZ (+12.7%; p=0.030) (Table 1). Key secondary clinical outcomes were consistently better in biological groups compared to ACT. Adjusted mean ΔvdHSSw0-w48 was low (Table 1), with no significant differences between drugs.Table 1.Baseline characteristicsACT (n=200)CZP+MTX (n=203)ABA+MTX (n=204)TCZ+MTX (n=188) §Age (y)55 (15)55 (15)55 (14)52 (15)Women, %139 (70%)139 (69%)140 (69%)129 (69%)Time from diagnosis to baseline, days13 (21)12 (17)16 (34)16 (33)Anti-CCP/RF positive, %82% / 76%82% / 73%83% / 78%82% / 72%CDAI28.7 (12.1)27.9 (12.4)28.6 (11.3)26.6 (11.7)Total vdHSS (0-448) [median; IQR)6.3 (8.2) [4; 1 - 8.5]5.9 (7.6) [3; 1 - 8]5.8 (9.8) [3; 1 - 6]4.2 (6.7) [2; 0.5 - 5]Estimated adjusted outcome (ITT)1, PrimaryCDAI remission, w4839.2% (32.5 - 45.9)52.3% (45.5 - 59.1)59.3% (52.6 - 66)51.9% (44.9 - 59.0)Δ1.9% (44.9 -0.45 (0.31 to 0.59)0.47 (0.33 to 0.61)0.62 (0.48 to 0.76)0.5 (0.36 to 0.64)Estimated adjusted treatment difference (ITT)2, PrimaryCDAI remission, w48Ref13.1% (3.5 to 22.6)*20.1% (10.6 to 29.5)*12.7% (3 to 22.5)Δ2.7% (3 to 2Ref0.02 (-0.17 to 0.22)0.17 (-0.02 to 0.37)0.05 (-0.15 to 0.25)Key secondaryACR/EULAR Boolean remission, w48Ref14.7% (5.4 to 23.9)19.4% (10.1 to 28.7)13% (3.5 to 22.4)DAS28 remission,w48Ref12.9% (3.5 to 22.2)17.4% (8.2 to 26.6)14.4% (5 to 23.9)EULAR good response, w48Ref8.2% (-0.6 to 17.1)11.3% (2.7 to 20)2.9% (-6.3 to 12.2)vdHSS progression ≤0.5, w0-w48Ref-3.3% (-11.1 to 4.6)3.5% (-4.7 to 11.8)-2.2% (-10.3 to 5.9)Values are mean (SD), if not otherwise indicated. §Finnish patients randomised to TCZ+MTX, but not receiving it due to unavailability, are not included. 1Values are estimated adjusted marginal means and estimated marginal differences against ACT with 95% CI. ITT: intention to treat population. *Superiority compared with ACT was demonstrated.No new safety signals were reported. Total numbers of serious adverse events (% patients with ≥1 event) were for ABA 21 (8.3%), CZP 28 (12.4%), TCZ 20 (9.2%) and ACT 23 (10.7%).ConclusionCompared with active conventional therapy (csDMARD + glucocorticoids), superiority regarding CDAI remission rates was demonstrated for abatacept and certolizumab-pegol, and not for tocilizumab. Radiographic progression was low and similar between treatments.Figure 1.AcknowledgementsWe thank the patients, investigators, nurses, joint assessors and study teams who were involved in the NORD-STAR trial; Eleonore Nilsson, chief study nurse, Lise Hejl Hyldstrup, coordinating study nurse, Niels Steen Krogh, data manager, Monica Rydén Aulin study coordinator and Eva Larsson, patient research partner. We also thank members of the NORD-STAR study group: Anders Bengtsson, Anders Gülfe, Annelies Blanken, Annette Schlemmer, Åsa Reckner Olsson, Aulikki Kononoff, Carl Turesson, Christina Dackhammar, Cidem Gentline, Elisabet Lindqvist, Ellen-Margrethe Hauge, Emma Grenholm, Erik af Klint, Erik Rødevand, Eva Baecklund, Fredrik Markros, Hamed Rezaei, Hanne Merete Lindegaard, Heikki Relas, Heikki Valleala, Ilia Qirjazo, Inger Marie Jensen Hansen, Jarno Rutanen, Jens Kristian Pedersen, Jens Rathmann, Johan Wallman, Johanna Carlestam, Jon Einarsson, Jörgen Lysholm, Kajsa Öberg, Katarina Almehed, Kathrine Lederballe Grøn, Kati Mykkänen, Lena Karlberg, Malin Hemberg, Maria K. Stilling-Vinther, Marjatta Leirisalo-Repo, Mohaned Hameed, Nancy Vivar, Oili Kaipiainen-Seppänen, Peter Olsson, Petrus Linge, Pia Lindell, Pia Neuer Jensen, René Østgård, Riitta Tuompo, Sabine Dieperink, Sara Nysom Christiansen, Sofia Exarchou, Thiab Saleh, Tomas Husmark, Tor Olofsson, Torkell Ellingsen, Trude Bruun, Vappu Rantalaiho and Ylva Borgas.Disclosure of InterestsMikkel Østergaard Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Celgene, Sanofi, Regeneron, Novartis, Orion, Hospira, Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Celgene, Sanofi, Regeneron, Novartis, Orion, Hospira, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, BMS, Merck, UCB, Celgene, Novartis, Ronald van Vollenhoven Speakers bureau: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Celgene, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Pfizer, Servier, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Celgene, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Pfizer, Servier, UCB, Grant/research support from: BMS, GSK, Eli Lilly, UCB, Pfizer, Roche, Anna Rudin Grant/research support from: AstraZeneca, Merete L. Hetland Speakers bureau: Merck, Biogen, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Orion Pharma, CellTrion, Samsun Bioepsi, Janssen Biologics BV, MSD, Consultant of: Merck, Biogen, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Orion Pharma, CellTrion, Samsun Bioepsi, Janssen Biologics BV, MSD, Grant/research support from: BMS, AbbVie, Roche, Novartis, Merck, Biogen, Pfizer, Marte Heiberg Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly, Consultant of: Eli Lilly, Dan Nordström Grant/research support from: UCB, BMS, AbbVie, Celgene, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Michael Nurmohamed Speakers bureau: Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Consultant of: Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Grant/research support from: BMS, AbbVie, MSD, Pfizer, Amgen, Björn Gudbjornsson Speakers bureau: Novartis, Consultant of: Novartis, Lykke Midtbøll Ørnbjerg Grant/research support from: Novartis, Pernille Bøyesen: None declared, Inge Olsen: None declared, Kristina Lend: None declared, Kim Hørslev-Petersen: None declared, Till Uhlig Speakers bureau: Grünenthal, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Consultant of: Grünenthal, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Grant/research support from: NORDFORSK, Tuulikki Sokka-Isler Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Medac, Merck, Novartis Orion Pharma, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, UCB, Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Medac, Merck, Novartis Orion Pharma, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, UCB, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gerdur Gröndal: None declared, Simon Krabbe Grant/research support from: AbbVie, MSD, Novartis, Joakim Lindqvist: None declared, Inger Gjertsson: None declared, Daniel Glinatsi Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Consultant of: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Meliha C Kapetanovic: None declared, Anna-Birgitte Aga Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Consultant of: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Francesca Faustini: None declared, Pinja Parmanne Speakers bureau: Novartis, Consultant of: Novartis, Tove Lorenzen Speakers bureau: UCB, Consultant of: UCB, Giovanni Cagnotto: None declared, Johan Back: None declared, Oliver Hendricks Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Novartis, Consultant of: AbbVie, Novartis, Daisy Vedder: None declared, Tuomas Rannio: None declared, Emma Grenholm: None declared, Hanne Merete Lindegaard: None declared, Maud-Kristine A Ljosa: None declared, Eli Brodin: None declared, Annika Soderbergh: None declared, Milad Rizk: None declared, Elsa Hermansson: None declared, Line Uhrenholt Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Consultant of: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Per Larsson: None declared, Søren Andreas Just: None declared, Gunnstein Bakland Speakers bureau: BMS, Consultant of: BMS, David Stevens Grant/research support from: KLINBEFORSK, Trine Bay Laurberg Speakers bureau: UCB, Consultant of: UCB, Espen A Haavardsholm Speakers bureau: Pfizer, AbbVie, Celgene, Novartis, Janssen, Gilead, Eli Lilly, UCB, Consultant of: Pfizer, AbbVie, Celgene, Novartis, Janssen, Gilead, Eli Lilly, UCB, Grant/research support from: NORDFORSK, Jon Lampa: None declared.
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Huhtamies, Mikko. "Hyökkäys rannikolle". Historiallinen Aikakauskirja 120, n.º 3 (27 de septiembre de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.54331/haik.115370.
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Artikkeli käsittelee vuonna 1577 tataarien hyökkäystä jään yli Tallinnasta Uudenmaan rannikolle. Vihollinen ryösti Helsingin ja Sipoon kyliä vieden mukanaan viljaa, tavaraa, karjaa ja 240 ihmistä. Hyökkäys oli osa Ruotsin ja Venäjän välistä 25-vuotista sotaa. Artikkeli osoittaa, ettei hyökkäys ollut vain satunnainen ryöstöretki jäätyneen meren yli, vaan osa laajempaa aikaudelle tyypillistä strategista ajattelua, jossa keskeisenä tavoitteena oli vihollisen sotatoimien tukialueen ja sen asukkaiden veronmaksukyvyn heikentäminen. Taustalla oli Ruotsin Viron ja Liivinmaan sotatoimien huolto Uudenmaan rannikolta ja Helsingistä käsin. Tärkeässä osassa oli Narvan saarto (1561–1581) ja Helsingin rooli sen tukikohtana. Kaapparilaivasto on aiemmassa tutkimuksessa jäänyt olemattoman vähälle huomiolle. Ruotsilla oli näihin aikoihin yksi maailman suurimmista laivastosta, josta suuri osa oli 1570-luvulla Helsingissä. Laivasto sai muonituksensa Helsingin ja Sipoon maaseudulta talonpoikien päivätöinä tekeminä kuljetuksina. Uudellamaalla oli myös merkittävää telakkatoimintaa. Rannikon laivureilla oli tärkeä rooli sotamiesten, hevosten, muonan ja aseiden kuljetuksessa Viroon. Tämä kaikki teki Uudenmaan rannikosta viholliskohteen, jonne tataarien ryöstöretki kohdistui. Vihollisen silmissä Helsinki oli kaapparikaupunki, joka oli sitä ympäröivän maaseudun huollon ja työvoiman varassa. Asiasanat: 25-vuotinen sota, Suomenlahti ja Helsinki, laivat ja laivanrakennus, sodan logistiikka ja takamaastot, autioituminen ja sodan tuhot, Narvan saarto
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Lähteenmäki, Maria. "Terijoen rajaseudun rauhaton rannikko". Viipurin Suomalaisen Kirjallisuusseuran toimitteita 24, n.º 24 (25 de marzo de 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.47564/vskst.128035.
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"MRT könnte Biopsien bei Prostatakrebs vermeiden". Deutsche Zeitschrift für Onkologie 51, n.º 02 (junio de 2019): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0890-5516.
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Kasivisvanathan V, Rannikko AS, Borghi M et al.; for the PRECISION Study Group Collaborators. MRI-targeted or standard biopsy for prostate-cancer diagnosis. N Engl J Med 2018; 378:1767–1777. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1801993
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Arays, Anna. "“Quaint Chaos:” Aleksis and Tatiana Rannit at Yale, 1960-1989". Slavic & East European Information Resources, 3 de agosto de 2023, 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15228886.2023.2241645.
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Oulanne, Laura. "Kohti ihmistä laajempaa kotia". AVAIN - Kirjallisuudentutkimuksen aikakauslehti 21, n.º 1 (9 de abril de 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.30665/av.141655.
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Koti toimii oletusarvoisesti näyttämönä intiimeille tunteille ja ihmissuhteille, ja siihen liitetään useita sukupuolittuneita arvoja. Artikkeli kysyy, miten ajallisia ja tilallisia skaaloja venyttävä kerronta voi siirtää perinteisesti kotiin liitettyjä affekteja ja arvoja ihmistä laajempaan kontekstiin, ja missä määrin tämä uudelleenkuviteltu koti voi tukea paitsi ihmiskeskeisyyttä vastustavaa, myös feminististä ajattelua. Tartun kahteen tutkimukselliseen katveeseen jääneeseen, omilla tavoillaan ekokriisin motiiveja hyödyntävään teokseen nykyisenlaisen ympäristötietoisuuden syntyvuosikymmeniltä. Stanley Crawfordin Log of the S.S. The Mrs Unguentine (1972) on avioliittokuvauksen tyylilajia parodioiva kertomus, joka sijoittuu vedenpaisumuksen jälkeisellä merellä seilaavalle proomulle, ja jossa perhe-elämän ja kotityön problematiikka sulaa kuvauksiin laivalle rakentuvan fantastisen ekosysteemin vaiheista. Joy Williamsin Breaking and Entering -romaanissa (1988) rakoilevan avioliiton näyttämönä sitä vastoin toimii hitaasti mereen uppoava Floridan rannikko ja rikkaiden talot, joihin sen päähenkilöt murtautuvat asumaan. Artikkeli tarkastelee kirjallisuutta affektien ja arvojen uudelleenkuvittelun potentiaalisena alueena ja kytkee ekonarratologisen keskustelun kerronnan mittakaavoista kirjallisuuden kotikuvausten feministiseen tarkasteluun.
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Kowalewski, Hubert y Katarzyna Prorok. "cognitive analysis of Polish folk plant names". Prace Filologiczne 78 (16 de diciembre de 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.32798/pf.1003.
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KOGNITYWNA ANALIZA LUDOWYCH NAZW ROŚLIN
W językoznawstwie kognitywnym znaczenie utożsamiane jest z mentalną reprezentacją stworzoną (zobrazowaną) w pewien określony sposób, a różne obrazowania referenta mogą być powiązane z różnymi formami fonologicznymi. Na przykład twardziec i rannik, dwie ludowe nazwy krwawnika (Achillea millefolium L.), ilustrują odmienne sposoby obrazowania rośliny, ponieważ odwołują się do różnych pojęć z nią skojarzonych: pierwsza nazwa sygnalizuje twardość łodygi, a druga – wykorzystanie przy leczeniu ran. Reprezentacje są zależne od zdolności poznawczych konceptualizatora, badanie reprezentacji daje więc wgląd w sferę mentalną użytkownika. Analiza zaprezentowana w artykule ma na celu zrekonstruowanie reprezentacji mentalnych i ukazanie sposobu, w jaki użytkownicy nazw, tj. mieszkańcy wsi, postrzegali świat roślin. Przeprowadzona jest za pomocą narzędzi dostarczonych przez gramatykę kognitywną Ronalda Langackera.