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Tesis sobre el tema "Radiotherapy"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 25 de julio de 2025

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1

Jain, Pooja. "Optimising Radiotherapy for Cancers affected by Respiratory Motion using Image Guided Radiotherapy." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492923.

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Conformal and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) can reduce normal tissue toxicity and facilitate radiation dose escalation by creating steep dose gradients between irradiated volume and normal organs.

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2

PINZI, VALENTINA. "Immuno-Radiotherapy for brain glioma: sorting out the immunomodulatory effects of radiotherapy." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/10281/402376.

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BACKGROUND. Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fast-growing and aggressive brain tumor. GBM is the most frequent malignant primary brain tumour and it can result in death in three-six months, if untreated. The current standard of care (SOC) therapy consists in maximal safe surgical resection followed by radiation therapy and adjuvant temozolomide (Stupp protocol), with a median overall survival (OS) of 8-10 months. However, more than half of GBM patients die within one year from the diagnosis, and only 5% survive more than 5 years despite aggressive therapies. Research has now shifted additional attentio

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3

Mairs, Robert J. "Targeted radiotherapy of cancer." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248190.

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4

Millin, Anthony. "Verification of stereotactic radiotherapy." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/12287/.

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Investigations have been made into the use of a computer based simulation technique (Monte Carlo (MC)) to ionising radiation transport in order to verify the doses delivered during linear accelerator based stereotactic radiotherapy and radiosurgery. Due to the complex nature of the micro multi-leaf collimators (μMLC) used in this these treatments, a bespoke model of the μMLC was developed and combined with standard component modules to represent the remainder of the linear accelerator. Following validation of the above models, investigations were made into the dosimetry of small fields, define

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5

Edwards, Craig Richard. "In-vivo radiotherapy dosimetry." Thesis, Keele University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269237.

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6

Helo, Y. "Cerenkov emission in radiotherapy." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1469478/.

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A new potential quality assurance (QA) method is explored for clinical electron beams and clinical proton beams based on imaging and measuring Cerenkov light. A simulation was performed of the deposited energy and of Cerenkov production in water using Geant4. Monte Carlo simulation was used to predict the measured light distribution around the water phantom, to reproduce Cerenkov images and to find the relation between deposited energy and Cerenkov production. The camera was modelled as a pinhole camera in Geant4, to attempt to reproduce Cerenkov images. The potential of using a standard comme

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7

Allahverdi, Mahmoud. "Accuracy in radiotherapy dosimetry." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21135.

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The project involves an experimental analysis of achievable accuracy in the different steps of radiotherapy, including investigations of the basic dosimetry chain, considering the individual steps concerned in dosimeter and treatment beam calibration and some aspects of treatment planning and dose delivery. The results are investigated from these various areas and are analysed in terms of overall achievable accuracy and its relationship to clinical requirements and to quality assurance programmes. It is concluded that required clinical accuracy can be achieved in radiotherapy treatment, but ne

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8

Cecconi, Agnese <1979&gt. "Stereotactict body radiotherapy (SBRT)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4317/1/Cecconi_Agnese_tesi.pdf.

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Purpose: evaluation and comparison of volumetric modulated RapidarcTM radiotherapy (RA-IMRT) vs linac based Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the salvage treatment of isolated lymph node recurrences in patients affected by gynaecological cancer. Materials and Methods From January 2010 to September 2011, 15 patients affected by isolated lymph nodes recurrence of gynaecological cancer underwent salvage radiotherapy after conventional imaging staging with CT and 18-FDG-PET/CT. Two different radiotherapy techniques were used in this study: RA-IMRT (RapidarcTM implemented radiotherapy Vari

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9

Cecconi, Agnese <1979&gt. "Stereotactict body radiotherapy (SBRT)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4317/.

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Purpose: evaluation and comparison of volumetric modulated RapidarcTM radiotherapy (RA-IMRT) vs linac based Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the salvage treatment of isolated lymph node recurrences in patients affected by gynaecological cancer. Materials and Methods From January 2010 to September 2011, 15 patients affected by isolated lymph nodes recurrence of gynaecological cancer underwent salvage radiotherapy after conventional imaging staging with CT and 18-FDG-PET/CT. Two different radiotherapy techniques were used in this study: RA-IMRT (RapidarcTM implemented radiotherapy Vari

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10

Taylor, Alexandra. "Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for cervical cancer : optimising target volume definition and radiotherapy delivery." Thesis, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510901.

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11

Murphy, Caroline Claire Scanlon. "A history of radiotherapy to 1950 : cancer and radiotherapy in Britain 1850-1950." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278710.

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12

Steenbakkers, Roel Johannes Henricus Marinus. "Optimizing target definition for radiotherapy." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2007. http://dare.uva.nl/document/40825.

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13

Cufflin, Rebecca Sian. "Verification of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/25873/.

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The main aim of this work was to develop accurate and efficient methods for the verification of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT). IMRT is an advanced form of radiotherapy demanding extensive verification procedures to ensure treatments are delivered accurately. This requires comprehensive sampling of the complex dose distributions impacting on the tumour volume and radiationsensitive ‘organs at risk’. This work has focused on the use of electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) for verification purposes. Modern EPIDs are composed of a scintillator and an amorphous silicon detector panel

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14

McMahon, S. J. "Heavy Atom Radiotherapy Dose Enhancement." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527871.

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15

Lewis, R. D. "Monte Carlo modelling for radiotherapy." Thesis, Swansea University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637892.

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The Monte Carlo code MCNP-4B has been utilised to investigate the origins of radiation dose perturbation in the head and neck region, arising from natural heterogeneities, the changing external contours of the patient, boundaries between materials of different atomic number and prosthetic implants. MCNP-4B was used to develop a simple model of a linear accelerator treatment head which incorporated the electron target, primary collimator, beam flattening filter and the secondary collimators. The model was used to calculate the energy spectra and angular distribution of the x-ray beam from a 4 M

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16

Johnson, Kerstie Anne. "Predicting radiotherapy toxicity in patients treated with radical radiotherapy using predictive assays and circadian rhythm." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/40982.

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Radiotherapy is a fundamental cancer treatment and plays a pivotal role in the improving outcomes for the disease. Depending on the cancer site and organ at risk rates of moderate to severe acute toxicity range between 15 to 30 percent and rates of late toxicity between 5 and 15 percent. If a patient’s individual risk of radiotherapy toxicity could be predicted then their treatment could be tailored appropriately. In this thesis two cohorts have been used to analyse predictive measures for acute and late radiotherapy toxicity: the REQUITE cohort (prospective international observational study o

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17

Bär, Werner. "Optimized delivery of intensity modulated radiotherapy." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965610934.

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18

Radu, Calin. "Optimising Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer Patients." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Enheten för onkologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-172531.

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Rectal cancer is the eight most common cancer diagnosis in Sweden in both men and women, with almost 2000 new cases per year. Radiotherapy, which is an important treatment modality for rectal cancer, has evolved during the past decades. Diagnostic tools have also improved, allowing better staging and offering information used to make well-founded decisions in multidisciplinary team conferences. In a retrospective study (n=46) with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients, unfit for chemoradiotherapy, patients were treated with short-course radiotherapy. Delayed surgery was done when poss

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19

Rojas, Callejas Ana Maria. "ARCON in experimental and clinical radiotherapy." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-207.

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20

Martling, Anna. "Rectal cancer : staging, radiotherapy and surgery /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-461-5/.

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21

Langlands, Fiona Elizabeth. "Sensitivity to radiotherapy in breast cancer." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582111.

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Radiotherapy (RT) is a component of treatment for breast cancer in more than 50% of cases. Patients are selected for RT on the basis of limited clinical and histopathological factors with no reference to the molecular phenotype of tumours. Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease and some tumours are refractory to RT treatment. Selection of patients for RT using predictive markers may improve RT efficacy and cancer outcomes. The aims of the work described in this thesis were to identify and test potential predictive markers for RT in cancer treatment. I examined whether the classic hist

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22

Yin, Zaizhe. "Solid state detectors in radiotherapy dosimetry." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288576.

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23

Gulliford, Sarah Louise. "Artificial neural networks applied to radiotherapy." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404474.

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24

Grellet, Sophie. "Optimisation of gold nanoparticles for radiotherapy." Thesis, Open University, 2018. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57326/.

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Radiotherapy is currently used in around 50% of cancer treatments. Although highly effective it is also damaging to surrounding healthy tissues and needs to be improved by better targeting of cancer cells. Improved radiotherapy outcomes can be achieved by using nanoparticles, especially those with high atomic number (Z), that interact with ionising radiation to generate secondary electrons and reactive species that increase cellular damage. One of the most promising elements to use is gold, in the form of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) because of its biocompatibility and amenability to surface mod

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25

Ahbabi, Salma Saeed Al. "Achievable accuracy and reproducibility in radiotherapy." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616955.

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The use of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) is expected to increase, largely due to development of helical tomotherapy. VMAT minimises the occurence of hotspots and inadiation of critical organs, providing more uniform dose while sparing critical organs. Two important characteristics of VMA T are its dynamic nature and dosimetric variability in radiation delivery. These present considerable challenge for clinical physicists as the implementation of the process contains a number of sources of uncertainty and thus require robust QA.

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26

Taylor, Carolyn W. "Breast cancer radiotherapy and heart disease." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c9dda3ca-8cb3-4a38-938d-0b75b4f6471d.

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Introduction: Some past breast cancer radiotherapy regimens led to an increased risk of death from heart disease. Although heart dose from breast cancer radiotherapy has generally reduced over the past few decades, there may still be some cardiac risk. Estimation of future risk for women irradiated today requires both measurement of their cardiac dose and dose-response relationships, which depend on cardiac dosimetry of past regimens, in conjunction with long-term follow-up data. Methods: Virtual simulation and computed tomography 3-dimensional treatment planning on a representative patient we

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27

Cheng, Kun. "Deformable models for adaptive radiotherapy planning." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22893.

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Radiotherapy is the most widely used treatment for cancer, with 4 out of 10 cancer patients receiving radiotherapy as part of their treatment. The delineation of gross tumour volume (GTV) is crucial in the treatment of radiotherapy. An automatic contouring system would be beneficial in radiotherapy planning in order to generate objective, accurate and reproducible GTV contours. Image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) acquires patient images just before treatment delivery to allow any necessary positional correction. Consequently, real-time contouring system provides an opportunity to adopt radiothera

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28

Sandberg, Linnea. "Quality assurance of a radiotherapy registry." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-176779.

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The radiotherapy clinics in Sweden have been without a functioning national platform consisting of dose data from patients undergoing radiotherapy. A national collaboration between clinics will improve the quality of radiotherapy since clinics will be able to compare dose data from treatment plans between clinics. It will also help and improve future researches in radiotherapy. A new national quality registry for radiotherapy in Sweden is under development and is located on the INCA platform. The aim of this study is to do a quality assurance of the INCA registry. The data stored in the regist

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29

Leite, Rocha Pedro. "Novel approaches to radiotherapy treatment scheduling." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12281/.

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Radiotherapy represents an important phase of treatment for a large number of cancer patients. It is essential that resources used to deliver this treatment are used efficiently. This thesis approaches the problem of scheduling treatments in a radiotherapy centre. Data about the daily intake of patients are collected and analysed. Several approaches are presented to create a schedule every day. The first presented are constructive approaches, developed due to their simplicity and low computational requirements. The approaches vary the preferred treatment start, machine utilisation reservation

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30

Howarth, Ashley L., Joshua R. Niska, Kenneth Brooks, et al. "Tissue Expanders and Proton Beam Radiotherapy." LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625389.

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Proton beam radiotherapy (PBR) has gained acceptance for the treatment of breast cancer because of unique beam characteristics that allow superior dose distributions with optimal dose to the target and limited collateral damage to adjacent normal tissue, especially to the heart and lungs. To determine the compatibility of breast tissue expanders (TEs) with PBR, we evaluated the structural and dosimetric properties of 2 ex vivo models: 1 model with internal struts and another model without an internal structure. Although the struts appeared to have minimal impact, we found that the metal TE por

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31

Elmpt, Wouter Johannes Catharina van. "3D dose verification for advanced radiotherapy." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2009. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=14960.

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32

Nyholm, Tufve. "Verification of dose calculations in radiotherapy." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1931.

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33

Varas, Jaime Armando. "Spectral unfolding of radiotherapy photon beams." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28131.

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An iterative folding method was used to unfold a 6 MV and 18 MV photon en— ergy spectra from depth dose measurements. By developing a response matrix that included photon beam attenuation in water, electron disequilibrium and contamination, and phantom scatter factors; we unfolded the spectra from a Siemens Primus 6 MV and 18 MV radiotherapy photon beams. The unfolding algorithm was initially applied to open fields, where we looked at five different field sizes for each energy. Their resulting spectra were then analyzed, our results showing a broadening of the beam spectra with increasi

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34

Canada, Justin M. "Impaired Cardiorespiratory Fitness Following Thoracic Radiotherapy." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5499.

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Cancer (CA) is the second leading cause of death in the United States preceded only by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Over the past 30 years, the 5-year survival rate for all cancers combined has increased by more than 20%. This improved survival rate is due to early diagnosis and advances in treatment involving a multimodality treatment approach that includes radiotherapy [RT] with about half of all CA patients receiving some type of RT sometime during the course of their treatment. Cardiotoxicity is one of the most important adverse reactions of RT and leads to a meaningful risk of CVD-relate

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35

Jayasekera, Piyakeerthi Mangala. "Practical aspects of radiotherapy gel dosimetry." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000.

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36

Smith, Shaun T. "Development of gel dosimetry for radiotherapy." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/102759/1/Shaun_Smith_Thesis.pdf.

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Gel dosimeters have the potential to track radiation beams, improving safety and treatment effectiveness for radiotherapy patients, however despite extensive research over the last three decades, gel dosimeters have yet to achieve widespread clinical acceptance. In this research, a new version of the ‘Fricke’ gel dosimeter was developed which is more clinically viable. The method performs chemical manipulations on the gel ingredients to eliminate the blurring effect of dose information, which is their primary drawback.

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37

Morrey, D. "Aspects of computer automation in radiotherapy : A system for prescription, calculation, verification and recording of radiotherapy treatments." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376420.

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38

Burnet, Neil Gunn. "The relationship between cellular radiation sensitivity and normal tissue response to radiotherapy : prospects for individualising radiotherapy prescriptions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357208.

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39

Jena, Rajesh. "Optimisation of radiotherapy for patients with high-grade glioma using diffusion tensor imaging and intensity modulated radiotherapy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614124.

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40

Lewis, Benjamin C. "Radiotherapy Response Using Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Liver Patients Treated with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5821.

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Magnetic resonance imaging is utilized as an important tool in radiation oncology for delineation of healthy and cancerous tissues, and evaluating the functionality of those tissues, structures, and organs. Currently, the clinical imaging protocol at Virginia Commonwealth University includes anatomical imaging for tissue and structure delineation, and to observe treatment induced changes. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is also acquired for calculation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values to provide quantitative information on tissue diffusivity and microstructure. However, anatomic

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41

Lin, Lan. "Development and clinical application of an integrated treatment planning platform for 4D radiotherapy : a dissertation /." San Antonio : UTHSC, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1400966621&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=70986&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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42

Olofsson, Jörgen. "Developing and evaluating dose calculation models for verification of advanced radiotherapy /." Umeå : Strålningsvetenskaper Radiation Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-841.

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43

Gozbasi, Halil Ozan. "Optimization approaches for planning external beam radiotherapy." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34726.

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External beam radiotherapy is delivered from outside the body aimed at cancer cells to damage their DNA making them unable to divide and reproduce. The beams travel through the body and may damage nearby healthy tissues unless carefully planned. Therefore, the goal of treatment plan optimization is to find the best system configuration to deliver sufficient dose to target structures while avoiding damage to healthy tissues. This thesis investigates optimization approaches for two external beam radiation therapy techniques: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and Volumetric-Modulate

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44

Riekki, R. (Riitta). "Late dermal effects of breast cancer radiotherapy." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514282760.

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Abstract Radiotherapy is used in the treatment of breast cancer in order to reduce local recurrence rate. However, radiation is known to cause both acute and delayed side-effects on normal tissues. A common late complication of radiotherapy is fibrosis of skin and other organs. Fibrosis has been described as excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components, especially collagens. Collagens are a group of extracellular matrix proteins that provide connective tissues with tensile strength. Type I and III collagens are the major structural proteins in skin. Alterations in collagen synth

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45

Gilbert, L. "Improving the safety of radiotherapy treatment delivery." Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/58d00757-edad-48c5-8676-9f5bf07ffd7c/1.

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Errors during radiotherapy treatment can cause severe, and potentially fatal, patient harm. The final check immediately prior to treatment delivery, whereby two radiographers ensure that the dose about to be delivered corresponds with the prescription, is the last defence against error. The aim of this research was to increase understanding of this final treatment check and factors affecting error detection, in order to improve the safety of radiotherapy treatment delivery. The research adopted a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and experimental studies to investigate the interact

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46

Wyer, J. A. "Radiolysis of Molecules of Interest in Radiotherapy." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492265.

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The use of highly-energetic iOIl: beams for treating cancerous tumours is of increasing importance. In this study the damage caused to plasmid DNA by HO and H+ beams was investigated. Damage to dry DNA samples as a function of dose was assessed using gel electrophoresis. Results show enhanced levels of damage relative to that of x-rays and demonstrate an increase in damage with beam energy. Additionally, a considerable dependence on sample structure was shown. X-ray irradiation work has shown that doping samples with gold nanoparticles greatly enhances DNA damage and could enhance the effectiv

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47

Greer, Peter Brian. "A dual assembly multileaf collimator for radiotherapy." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg81659.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 241-250. A multileaf collimator for radiation therapy has been designed that splits each leaf bank into two vertically displaced assemblies or levels with each level consisting of alternate leaves and leaf spaces. The radiation profiles transmitted for image formation through the collimator design were investigated to examine their dependence on the collimator design features.

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48

Moerland, Marinus Adriaan. "Magnetic resonance imaging in radiotherapy treatment planning." [S.l.] : Utrecht : [s.n.] ; Universiteitsbibliotheek Utrecht [Host], 1996. http://www.library.uu.nl/digiarchief/dip/diss/01760825/inhoud.htm.

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49

Belderbos, Josepha Sophia Antonia. "Radiotherapy in lung cancer: a moving field." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2007. http://dare.uva.nl/document/45315.

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50

Curtin-Savard, Arthur. "Dose delivery uncertainty in photon beam radiotherapy." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22856.

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It is known that slight variations in total dose delivered to the patient in external beam photon radiotherapy can significantly alter the probability of tumour control. For this reason, ICRU has recommended a goal of $ pm$5% precision in the dose delivery to the target volume. Several investigators have analyzed the degree of precision routinely achieved and have come to the conclusion that ICRU's goal can be attained, but in practice this is just barely so.<br>We have measured the degree of precision which exists in our institution by examining each step of the radiotherapy process on a coba

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