Bibliografías temáticas / Quantification of emerging pollutants

Literatura académica sobre el tema "Quantification of emerging pollutants"

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Publicado: 22 de junio de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Quantification of emerging pollutants":

Kumar, Vinay, Munish Sharma, Sonica Sondhi, Komalpreet Kaur, Deepak Sharma, Shivali Sharma y Divya Utreja. "Removal of Inorganic Pollutants from Wastewater: Innovative Technologies and Toxicity Assessment". Sustainability 15, n.º 23 (28 de noviembre de 2023): 16376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152316376.

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In the past decade, a sudden increase in the number and kind of emerging water contaminants has been observed. The emerging contaminants can be categorized as organic or inorganic. Organic contaminants have been known for years, and techniques for their detection and remediation have been developed. However, inorganic pollutants are much more common. This is because they are detected in very low or negligible concentrations and are equally toxic as organic pollutants at higher concentrations. To boost the research on inorganic pollutant contamination, advancements in detection and quantification techniques are required. The presented paper discusses major inorganic pollutants such as metals and their salts, inorganic fertilizers, sulfides, acids and bases, and ammonia and oxides of nitrogen. In addition, it discusses the inorganic toxicants’ toxicity to organisms and the environment, upgraded quantification methods, and advancements in inorganic toxicant mitigation. Moreover, the major bottlenecks in the quantification and removal of inorganic pollutants are discussed at the end.

Paoletti, Elena, Andrzej Bytnerowicz, Chris Andersen, Algirdas Augustaitis, Marco Ferretti, Nancy Grulke, Madeleine S. Günthardt-Goerg et al. "Impacts of Air Pollution and Climate Change on Forest Ecosystems — Emerging Research Needs". Scientific World JOURNAL 7 (2007): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2007.52.

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Outcomes from the 22ndmeeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems “Forests under Anthropogenic Pressure Effects of Air Pollution, Climate Change and Urban Development”, September 1016, 2006, Riverside, CA, are summarized. Tropospheric or ground-level ozone (O3) is still the phytotoxic air pollutant of major interest. Challenging issues are how to make O3standards or critical levels more biologically based and at the same time practical for wide use; quantification of plant detoxification processes in flux modeling; inclusion of multiple environmental stresses in critical load determinations; new concept development for nitrogen saturation; interactions between air pollution, climate, and forest pests; effects of forest fire on air quality; the capacity of forests to sequester carbon under changing climatic conditions and coexposure to elevated levels of air pollutants; enhanced linkage between molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, and morphological traits.

Bellver-Domingo, A., R. Fuentes y F. Hernández-Sancho. "Shadow prices of emerging pollutants in wastewater treatment plants: Quantification of environmental externalities". Journal of Environmental Management 203 (diciembre de 2017): 439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.08.025.

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Vojinovic-Miloradov, Mirjana, Maja Turk-Sekulic, Jelena Radonic, Natasa Milic, Nevena Grujic-Letic, Ivana Mihajlovic y Maja Milanovic. "Industrial emerging chemicals in the environment". Chemical Industry 68, n.º 1 (2014): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind121110028v.

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In the recent time, considerable interest has grown concerning the presence of the emerging industrial chemicals, EmIC. They are contaminants that have possible pathway to enter to the environment and they are dominantly released by industrial and anthropogenic activities. EmIC are applied in different fields using as industrial chemicals (new and recently recognized), global organic contaminants (flame retardant chemicals), pharmaceuticals (for both human and animal uses), endocrine-modulating compounds, biological metabolites, personal care products, household chemicals, nanomaterial (energy storage products, lubricants), anticorrosive and agriculture chemicals and others that are applied to a wide variety of everyday items such as clothing, upholstery, electronics and automobile interiors. NORMAN (Network of reference laboratories for monitoring of emerging environmental pollutants) has established an open, dynamic, list of emerging substances and pollutants. EmIC have been recently detected in the environment due to their long-term presence, pseudo-persistence and increased use. Improvements in sophisticated analytical methods and time integrative passive sampling have enabled the identification and quantification of EmIC, in very low concentrations (ppb, ppt and lower), which likely have been present in all environmental mediums for decades. Passive technology is an innovative technique for the time-integrated measurement of emerging contaminants in water, sediment, soil and air. Passive samplers are simple handling cost-effective tool that could be used in environmental monitoring programmes. These devices are now being considered as a part of an emerging strategy for monitoring a range of emerging industrial chemicals and priority pollutants in the aquatic environment. EmIC are substances that are not included in the routine monitoring programmes and whose fate, behaviour and (eco)toxicological effects are still not well understood. Emerging pollutants have no regulatory standards based on peer-reviewed science. EmIC might jeopardize aquatic environment. The first screening analyses of emerging industrial and priority organic contaminants in the Danube surface water, in the vicinity of Novi Sad, have been done and approximately more than 140 compounds have been registered. The new sampling campaign, screening and target analyses are in progress.

Barreca, Salvatore, Maddalena Busetto, Luisa Colzani, Laura Clerici, Valeria Marchesi, Laura Tremolada, Daniela Daverio y Pierluisa Dellavedova. "Hyphenated High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Techniques for the Determination of Perfluorinated Alkylated Substances in Lombardia Region in Italy, Profile Levels and Assessment: One Year of Monitoring Activities During 2018". Separations 7, n.º 1 (11 de marzo de 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations7010017.

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In this research paper, we report a hyphenated technique based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of twelve Perfluorinated Alkylated Substances in surface and groundwater samples from Lombardia Region during the monitoring activities in 2018 as new emerging and toxic pollutants. A green analytic method, developed by using an online Solid Phase Extraction coupled with UHPLC-MS/MS and previously validated, was applied for 4992 determinations conducted on 416 samples from 109 different sampling stations. Among the results, PFOS, PFOA, PFBA, PFBS, PFPeA and PFHxA were identified as the most abundant analytes detected. PFASs concentrations, in most cases, were below the limits of quantification and, in the cases where the limits of quantification have been exceeded, the values found were lower than Italy directive. PFOS is an exception and in fact this compound was detected in 76% of analyzed samples (surface and ground waters). Solid phase extraction with high performance liquid chromatography–tandem Mass Spectrometry has proved to be a very good Hyphenated techniques able to detect low concentrations of pollutants in surface and groundwater samples.

Quintelas, C., A. Melo, M. Costa, D. P. Mesquita, E. C. Ferreira y A. L. Amaral. "Environmentally-friendly technology for rapid identification and quantification of emerging pollutants from wastewater using infrared spectroscopy". Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 80 (noviembre de 2020): 103458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2020.103458.

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Câmara, José S., Sarah Montesdeoca-Esponda, Jorge Freitas, Rayco Guedes-Alonso, Zoraida Sosa-Ferrera y Rosa Perestrelo. "Emerging Contaminants in Seafront Zones. Environmental Impact and Analytical Approaches". Separations 8, n.º 7 (1 de julio de 2021): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations8070095.

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Some chemical substances have the potential to enter the coastal and marine environment and cause adverse effects on ecosystems, biodiversity and human health. For a large majority of them, their fate and effects are poorly understood as well as their use still unregulated. Finding effective and sustainable strategies for the identification of these emerging and/or anthropogenic contaminants that might cause polluting effects in marine environments to mitigate their adverse effects, is of utmost importance and a great challenge for managers, regulators and researchers. In this review we will evaluate the impact of emerging contaminants (ECs) on marine coastal zones namely in their ecosystems and biodiversity, highlighting the potential risks of organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals and personal care products. Emerging microextraction techniques and high-resolution analytical platforms used in isolation, identification and quantification of ECs will be also reviewed.

Setyobudi, Roy Hendroko, Shazma Anwar, Iswahyudi Iswahyudi, Syarif Husen, Damat Damat, Marchel Putra Garfansa, Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani et al. "Identification and Quantification of Microplastics Contamination in Potato from Malang Raya, Indonesia". BIO Web of Conferences 104 (2024): 00036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202410400036.

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The presence of microplastics (MPs) in agricultural soil has the potential to contaminate plants and agricultural products with negative impacts on humans and living creatures. Therefore, identifying and quantifying MPs in potato farms is essential to evaluate. This study aims to estimate MPs pollutants in potato farms. This study found that potato farm components (potato seedlings, soil, organic fertilizer, potato, irrigation water and potato chips) had a total MPs content of 104 particles. The higher abundance of MPs 2.83 mL–1 was recorded in Pujon Kidul irrigation water and lower abundance of MPs 0.03 g–1 was noted in Potato chip – “OK” brand. Considering size of microplastic the maximum size of MPs 5.449 mm was calculated in Pujon Kidul irrigation water and minimum size of MPs 0.172 mm was noted in Pujon Kidul 3rd growing media. The colors of MPs identified are transparent, black, blue, red, yellow, and green. In addition, the MP’s shape was 68.2 % of fibre, 26.9 % of filament, 3.8 % fragment, and 1.1 % of granules in potato farm components. The emerging pollutants must be addressed because microplastic degradation causes them to spread more widely, accumulating over tens to hundreds of years as a hidden danger.

Leston, Sara, Andreia Freitas, João Rosa, Ana Sofia Vila Pouca, Jorge Barbosa, Patrick Reis-Santos, Vanessa F. Fonseca, Miguel A. Pardal y Fernando Ramos. "Pharmaceuticals in Coastal Waters: An UHPLC-TOF-MS Multi-Residue Approach". Applied Sciences 13, n.º 10 (12 de mayo de 2023): 5975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13105975.

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Anthropogenic chemical contamination represents a key stressor of natural environments with pharmaceuticals comprising a particular group of emerging pollutants with the potential to induce biological responses in non-target organisms. Therefore, an analytical method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TOF-MS) was developed for estuarine and seawaters, targeting 63 globally used pharmaceuticals (including amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and venlafaxine included in the Surface Water Watch List) from 8 therapeutic groups: antibiotics, analgesic, NSAIDs, antidepressants, β-blockers, lipid regulators, anticonvulsants and antihypertensive drugs. The method presents high selectivity and sensitivity, with the limits of detection ranging from 0.01 to 8.92 ng/L and the limits of quantification from 0.02 to 29.73 ng/L. Considering precision, the highest value was achieved for amoxicillin (20.9%) and the lower for ofloxacin (2.6%), while recoveries ranged from 80.6 to 112.6%. Overall, the quantification method was highly efficient for multi-residues quantification in such complex environmental samples.

Dias, Rita, Diogo Sousa, Maria Bernardo, Inês Matos, Isabel Fonseca, Vitor Vale Cardoso, Rui Neves Carneiro et al. "Study of the Potential of Water Treatment Sludges in the Removal of Emerging Pollutants". Molecules 26, n.º 4 (14 de febrero de 2021): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26041010.

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Presently, water quantity and quality problems persist both in developed and developing countries, and concerns have been raised about the presence of emerging pollutants (EPs) in water. The circular economy provides ways of achieving sustainable resource management that can be implemented in the water sector, such as the reuse of drinking water treatment sludges (WTSs). This study evaluated the potential of WTS containing a high concentration of activated carbon for the removal of two EPs: the steroid hormones 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). To this end, WTSs from two Portuguese water treatment plants (WTPs) were characterised and tested for their hormone adsorbance potential. Both WTSs showed a promising adsorption potential for the two hormones studied due to their textural and chemical properties. For WTS1, the final concentration for both hormones was lower than the limit of quantification (LOQ). As for WTS2, the results for E2 removal were similar to WTS1, although for EE2, the removal efficiency was lower (around 50%). The overall results indicate that this method may lead to new ways of using this erstwhile residue as a possible adsorbent material for the removal of several EPs present in wastewaters or other matrixes, and as such contributing to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) targets.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Quantification of emerging pollutants":

Ojemaye, Cecilia Yejide. "Identification and quantification of chemicals of emerging concern (persistent organic and inorganic pollutants) in some selected marine environments of cape town, South Africa". University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7877.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
The increasing evidence of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in water bodies is causing major concern around the world because of their toxicological effects upon humans and aquatic organisms. The release of wastewater to the aquatic environment is most likely to introduce some trace levels of organic contaminants, some of which may be toxic, carcinogenic, or endocrine disruptors, as well as, persistent in the environment. These compounds are often persistent but not regularly monitored because they are mostly still excluded from environmental legislation. Their fate and persistence in the environment are not well understood.
2022-02-24

Ojemaye, Cecilia Yejide. "Identification and quantification of chemicals of emerging concern (persistence organic and inorganic pollutants) in some selected marine environments of Cape Town, South Africa". University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7697.

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Meziani, Amel. "Développement de méthodes d'extraction et de quantification de résidus de polluants et substances émergentes substances dans les eaux naturelles résiduaires par GCxμGC et GCxGC/HRMS". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NORMR036.

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La pollution des eaux est une problématique majeure qui affecte tant les écosystèmes aquatiques que sur la santé humaine. Par conséquent, la prévention et la surveillance des pollutions constituent donc un enjeu prioritaire afin d’éviter la dissémination de ces polluants. Dans ce contexte, il est essentiel de recourir à la miniaturisation des systèmes et à des méthodes analytiques afin de surveiller en temps réel l'évolution de la pollution sur le terrain. Dans le cadre de ces travaux de thèse, tout d’abord, la préparation et l’évaluation de µ-colonnes de types multicanaux en GC a été réalisée. Des dépôts avec différentes phases stationnaires ont été effectués et des tests en GC unidimensionnel puis un système bidimensionnel « GC×µGC » avec un modulateur microfluidique ont été réalisés avec succès. Par la suite, une méthode d’extraction par sorption sur barreau magnétique (SBSE) suivi d’une thermo-désorption (TD) et d’une analyse non ciblée par spectrométrie de masse à haute résolution (HRMS) a été développée. Afin de pallier les contraintes de la SBSE classique, de nouvelles phases ont été déposées sur les barreaux magnétiques visant ainsi à améliorer les rendements d’extraction des composés les plus polaires. Enfin, des extractions SBSE des polluants ont été effectuées sur des eaux naturelles provenant d’Algérie et de France suivies d’analyses non ciblées par TD-GC-HRMS OrbitrapTM. Des informations sur la qualité des eaux de surfaces en Algérie mais aussi en France quant au niveau de leur contamination ont pu être données et les différents polluants identifiés ont été ensuite classés selon des niveaux confiances basés sur une échelle d’identification récentes
Water pollution is a major problem that affects both aquatic ecosystems and human health. Therefore, the prevention and the control of the dissemination of contaminants in the environment has become a priority. To achieve that, the use of miniaturized analytical systems to control pollution in real-time on-site appears necessary. The evaluation of µ-columns with radially elongated pillars was performed using different stationary phases. Then the performances of the prepared µ-columns were evaluated on conventional GC and in a comprehensive two-dimensional system « GC×µGC » with a microfluidic modulator as a second columns. Afterwards, a stir bar sportive extraction (SBSE) method and a non-targeted analysis one using GC coupled to a high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) were developed. In order to overcome the limitations of SBSE and improve the extraction yields, new SBSE phases were used for the coating of the stir bar. Finally, SBSE extractions of contaminants were performed on naturel waters collected from Algeria and France followed by a non-target analysis using TD-GC-HRMS OrbitrapTM. Information on the quality of surface waters and the level of pollution were collected for both countries and the annotation of the identified compounds were then classified according to levels of confidence

Diamantini, Elena. "Catchment scale modelling of micro and emerging pollutants". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368591.

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The fate and transport of solutes introduced into a watershed and sampled at the catchment outlet depends on many environmental, chemical and hydro-climatological forces.Moreover, if the solutes are micro and emerging pollutants (i.e. pharmaceuticals), which are non-regulated contaminants not routinely monitored but often-detected in fresh waters, the description of the transport sources and routes becomes an interesting and challenging topic to investigate and describe, especially in conjunction with the well-known travel time transport approach at the catchment-scale. In fact, with the travel time approach to pharmaceuticals represents a framework that allows dealing in a unitary and simple way the main two mitigation mechanisms controlling them, which are dilution and biological decay. Moreover, possible consequences on the health of humans and of aquatic organisms have become issue of increasing concern by the scientific community worldwide. The topics have been extensively studied in the last decades, with some recent benchmark contributions. Nevertheless, there is still room for further development for emerging contaminant models and there is still the necessity of complementing the applications with measured data. This doctoral thesis aimed at contributing with new insights into the multi-faceted aspects of solute transport at catchment-scale, proposing novel solutions, with applications to real-world case studies and including a detailed description of the major aspects that influence the water quality dynamics in rivers. The thesis is divided into three interconnected and chronological subsequent parts. In the first part, a detailed description of three large European river basins are presented (i.e. Adige, Ebro and Sava), believing that an accurate analysis of existing information is therefore useful and necessary to identify stressors that may act in synergy and to design new field campaigns. In addition, a detailed data analysis of the main water quality variables is presented: advanced statistical analyses (i.e. Spearman rank correlation, Principal Component Analysis, andMann-Kendall trend tests) were applied to long-term time series of water quality data both in the Adige River Basin and in the Ebro and Sava catchments, aiming at providing an integrated and comparative analysis of recent trends, in order to investigate the relationships between water quality parameters and the main factors controlling them (i.e. climate change, streamflow, land use, population) in the Mediterranean region. These catchments are included into the EU project â€œGlobaqua â€ , dealing with the analysis of the combined effect of several stressors on the freshwater ecosystems inMediterranean rivers. In fact, little attention has been paid to linkages between long-term trends in climate, streamflow and water quality in European basins; nevertheless, such analysis can represent, complementary to a deep knowledge of the investigated systems, a reliable tool for decision makers in river basin planning by providing a reliable estimate of the impacts on the aquatic ecosystem of the studied basins. In the second part, sampling campaigns performed in our study basin, the Adige catchment, are presented in detail. Special attention is also given to emerging pollutants, whose study on the occurrence patterns and spatiotemporal variability in the Adige River Basin has been conducted in conjunction with population patterns and touristic fluxes. In the third and last part, novel theoretical solutions of the well-known advection-dispersion-reaction (ADR) equation are presented. The theory was developed for both general water quality variables and pharmaceuticals, evidencing differences and analysing the main factors that influence water quality dynamics. An application is also proposed to the Adige catchment.

Diamantini, Elena. "Catchment scale modelling of micro and emerging pollutants". Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2018. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/2870/1/Tesi_PhD_Diamantini_definitiva.pdf.

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The fate and transport of solutes introduced into a watershed and sampled at the catchment outlet depends on many environmental, chemical and hydro-climatological forces.Moreover, if the solutes are micro and emerging pollutants (i.e. pharmaceuticals), which are non-regulated contaminants not routinely monitored but often-detected in fresh waters, the description of the transport sources and routes becomes an interesting and challenging topic to investigate and describe, especially in conjunction with the well-known travel time transport approach at the catchment-scale. In fact, with the travel time approach to pharmaceuticals represents a framework that allows dealing in a unitary and simple way the main two mitigation mechanisms controlling them, which are dilution and biological decay. Moreover, possible consequences on the health of humans and of aquatic organisms have become issue of increasing concern by the scientific community worldwide. The topics have been extensively studied in the last decades, with some recent benchmark contributions. Nevertheless, there is still room for further development for emerging contaminant models and there is still the necessity of complementing the applications with measured data. This doctoral thesis aimed at contributing with new insights into the multi-faceted aspects of solute transport at catchment-scale, proposing novel solutions, with applications to real-world case studies and including a detailed description of the major aspects that influence the water quality dynamics in rivers. The thesis is divided into three interconnected and chronological subsequent parts. In the first part, a detailed description of three large European river basins are presented (i.e. Adige, Ebro and Sava), believing that an accurate analysis of existing information is therefore useful and necessary to identify stressors that may act in synergy and to design new field campaigns. In addition, a detailed data analysis of the main water quality variables is presented: advanced statistical analyses (i.e. Spearman rank correlation, Principal Component Analysis, andMann-Kendall trend tests) were applied to long-term time series of water quality data both in the Adige River Basin and in the Ebro and Sava catchments, aiming at providing an integrated and comparative analysis of recent trends, in order to investigate the relationships between water quality parameters and the main factors controlling them (i.e. climate change, streamflow, land use, population) in the Mediterranean region. These catchments are included into the EU project “Globaqua ”, dealing with the analysis of the combined effect of several stressors on the freshwater ecosystems inMediterranean rivers. In fact, little attention has been paid to linkages between long-term trends in climate, streamflow and water quality in European basins; nevertheless, such analysis can represent, complementary to a deep knowledge of the investigated systems, a reliable tool for decision makers in river basin planning by providing a reliable estimate of the impacts on the aquatic ecosystem of the studied basins. In the second part, sampling campaigns performed in our study basin, the Adige catchment, are presented in detail. Special attention is also given to emerging pollutants, whose study on the occurrence patterns and spatiotemporal variability in the Adige River Basin has been conducted in conjunction with population patterns and touristic fluxes. In the third and last part, novel theoretical solutions of the well-known advection-dispersion-reaction (ADR) equation are presented. The theory was developed for both general water quality variables and pharmaceuticals, evidencing differences and analysing the main factors that influence water quality dynamics. An application is also proposed to the Adige catchment.

Ricart, Viladomat Marta. "Effects of priority and emerging pollutants on river biofilms". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7881.

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L'activitat humana representa una de les majors causes d'entrada d'una gran varietat de substàncies en els ecosistemes fluvials. L'objectiu principal d'aquest treball es investigar els efectes que els tòxics orgànics poden exercir en els biofilms fluvials. El riu Llobregat ha estat sotmès a fortes pressions, fet que l'ha portat a uns nivells molt elevats de contaminació. En aquest estudi s'ha observat una influència dels plaguicides presents al riu en la distribució de la comunitat de diatomees, així com efectes en el biofilm a nivell funcional i estructural. Experiments amb canals experimentals han mostrat que l'herbicida diuron i el bactericida triclosan poden ocasionar una cadena d'efectes en els biofilms, incloent efectes directes i també efectes indirectes en les relacions entre els components del biofilm. Experiments amb cultius algals han mostrat que aquests tòxics, aplicats en barreja, poden tenir una major toxicitat de la prevista pels models, resultant en efectes sinèrgics.
Human activity is responsible for the entrance of many substances to the aquatic environment. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of organic toxicants on fluvial biofilms. The river Llobregat has been submitted to urban, industrial and agricultural pressures, and as such is a highly contaminated river. The diatom community was influenced by the presence of pesticides. Effects on both biofilm function and structure were attributed to the pesticides. Laboratory experiments with experimental channels have shown that the herbicide diuron and the bactericide triclosan may cause a chain of effects on biofilms, which include direct effects and indirect effects on the relationship between biofilm components. Experiments with algal cultures have shown that these toxicants, applied in mixtures, can have higher toxicity than the toxicity predicted by models, resulting in synergistic effects.

Grover, Darren. "Emerging pollutants : their analysis, occurrence and removal in aquatic environments". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/42968/.

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The input of emerging pollutants into the natural environment is of considerable concern due to their potential implications for the health and development of humans and wildlife. Knowledge of the occurrence and removal (by sewage treatment) of these chemicals is limited and there is a need for these to be investigated if the transport and fate of these chemicals is to be better understood. To develop our understanding, reliable, accurate and precise measurements of these compounds at the very low (often sub-nanogram) concentrations at which they may be found, and may still be toxic, is crucial. However, as a result of the increasing international concern, increasing research attention has led to a large number of analytical techniques described as being suitable for the analysis of these compounds; this fragmentation and lack of collaborative focus is likely to have resulted in a lack of refinement of the techniques employed. In this research, a number of these proposed analytical and sample pre-treatment techniques have been assessed, both by internal experimentation and through inter-calibration with collaborating laboratories, to identify which techniques are best suited to further development for research in this area, and have subsequently been optimised, to examine the removal efficacy of traditional and novel sewage treatment techniques, and to monitor EDC and Pharmaceutical concentrations in several UK rivers. Monitoring of the river Ray, Swindon, UK over a period of three years, using spot-sampling and 24-hour and 7-day integrated sampling, combined with solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed mass spectrometric analyses, showed stable EDC and pharmaceutical levels, typical of comparable rivers throughout the EU, but with a significant reduction in concentrations after the installation of a granular activated charcoal plant at the Rodbourne Sewage Treatment Works (STW) of which the river Ray is a conduit. These results were in agreement with results from analyses biological assays, such as yeast estrogen screening performed independently by another laboratory.

MAGRI', DAVIDE. "Emerging pollutants in water: innovative approaches of study and treatment". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/939888.

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Water quality is one of the major challenges that human-ity has to face. Tackling the problem of pollution needs the use of all the resources and expertise available to fill the lack of knowledge and technology. Concern is grow-ing over the many emerging contaminants, including heavy metals ions and plastics, which are omnipresent and poorly managed. In this contest, the presence of micro- and nanoplastics in the marine environment is raising strong concerns. The lack of appropriate methodologies to collect the nanoplastics from water systems imposes the use of engi-neered model nanoparticles to explore their main charac-teristics and behaviour. In order to develop a nanoplastic model more reliable and realistic compared to the com-mon polystyrene nanospheres, in this thesis, laser abla-tion has been applied to induce the formation of plastic nanoparticles in water starting from a bulk polymer film. The process was performed on Polyethylene Tereph-thalate, a commercial polymer used to produce beverage bottles, widespread in the environment. PET nanoparti-cles with an average size <100 nm, were carefully charac-terized in terms of chemical/physical properties. Size, shape, surface chemistry and colloidal stability were ana-lyzed and compared with what expected from a real sam-ple. As the oral route has been defined as the main route for human exposure to nanoplastics, their biological in-teractions and the effects on single intestinal epithelial cells and on a model of intestinal barrier have been as-sessed. The aquatic environment exposes the nanoplastics to a great variety of substances and contaminants. The nanoplastics can therefore act as carriers for many toxic sub-stances with risks for aquatic organisms but also for hu-mans. The nanoplastic model was studied in presence of three model contaminants a pesticide, a drug and a heavy metal ion (glyphosate, levofloxacin and Hg2+ respec-tively). The binding capacity toward these contaminants, was demonstrated and characterized quantitatively and qualitatively. The synergic biological effect of the contam-inant-nanoplastic complexes was investigated in vitro on macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells. The conven-tional toxicological assays have been implemented with a preliminary metabolomic analysis. Concerning heavy metal ions pollution, considerable at-tention is being devoted to the development of low-cost and environmentally safe materials for their removal from polluted waters. Several strategies have been ap-plied to solve the problem of toxic metal ions contamina-tion in water, where the development of nanotechnol-ogy, and in particular of novel metal oxide nano-sorbents provides a promising and efficient alternative. The appli-cation of these technologies is however limited by the dif-ficult management of nanomaterials in the environment.Therefore, the use of a bionanocomposite made of titan-ate nanosheets embedded in a silk fibroin matrix was pro-posed as eco-friendly approach for water treatment ap-plications. The nanocomposite has been characterized and its ion exchange performances have been analysed under various conditions. The nanocomposites capacity to efficiently retain and adsorbed ions, with no release of titanate nanosheets has been proved. By modifying the nanocomposite formulation, it was also possible to en-hance the materials selectivity towards the lead ions.

Hibberd, Andrew Peter. "Sampling, Analysis and Behaviour of Emerging Pollutants in the Aquatic Environment". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508966.

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Newton, Seth. "Atmospheric Deposition of Legacy and Emerging Persistent Organic Pollutants in Northern Sweden". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-57027.

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Bulk atmospheric deposition samples using Amberlite IRA- 743 as an absorbent for hydrophobic pollutants were taken every two months for one year at two different locations in northern Sweden. A method was developed for the analysis of various legacy and emerging POPs in these samples based on GC-HRMS. Two current use pesticides and four flame retardants, which have scarcely or never been detected in the arctic, were detected in the samples: trifluralin, chlorothalonil, TBECH, HBB, BTBPE, and Dechlorane Plus. Legacy compounds including isomers of HCH, PCBs, DDT and metabolites, and chlordane related compounds were quantified in levels comparable to similar studies. The method showed reasonable recoveries for all compounds except endosulfan, HBB, BTBPE, lindane, and highly chlorinated PCBs. It is recommended that the method be optimized for the compounds with low recoveries if it is to be used again.

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Libros sobre el tema "Quantification of emerging pollutants":

Calvo-Flores, Francisco G., Joaquín Isac-Garcéa y José A. Dobado, eds. Emerging Pollutants. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527691203.

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Alok, Bhandari, Environmental Council of the States (U.S.). Emerging Contaminants of Concern Task Commitee. y Environmental and Water Resources Institute (U.S.), eds. Contaminants of emerging environmental concern. Reston, Va: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009.

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Vaz, Sílvio. Analytical Chemistry Applied to Emerging Pollutants. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74403-2.

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Guasch, Helena, Antoni Ginebreda y Anita Geiszinger, eds. Emerging and Priority Pollutants in Rivers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25722-3.

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George, Nancy, Vagish Dwibedi, Santosh Kumar Rath y Prakram Singh Chauhan, eds. Management and Mitigation of Emerging Pollutants. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41005-5.

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Núñez-Delgado, Avelino y Manuel Arias-Estévez, eds. Emerging Pollutants in Sewage Sludge and Soils. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07609-1.

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Krishna, De Amit, ed. Emerging pollutants: Impact on agriculture, health, and environment. New Delhi: Allied Publishers, 2007.

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Lu, Yonglong, Pei Wang y Jingjing Yuan, eds. Ecological Risks of Emerging Pollutants in Urbanizing Regions. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9630-6.

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Germany) UN/ECE Workshop on Quantification of Effects of Air Pollutants on Materials (1998 Berlin. Quantification of effects of air pollutants on materials: Proceedings of the UN/ECE Workshop on Quantification of Effects of Air Pollutants on Materials, Berlin, May 24 - 27, 1998. Berlin: Umweltbundesamt, 1999.

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Samuel Jacob, B., K. Ramani y V. Vinoth Kumar, eds. Applied Biotechnology for Emerging Pollutants Remediation and Energy Conversion. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1179-0.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Quantification of emerging pollutants":

Younas, Fazila, Natasha, Irshad Bibi, Muhammad Mahroz Hussain, Muhammad Shahid y Nabeel Khan Niazi. "Emerging Environmental Pollutants". En Environmental Management Technologies, 3–21. New York: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003239956-2.

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Patnaik, Pradyot. "Emerging Pollutants: Nanomaterials". En Handbook of Environmental Analysis, 185–88. Third edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315151946-29.

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Mitra, Somenath, Pradyot Patnaik y Barbara B. Kebbekus. "New Classes of Emerging Pollutants". En Environmental Chemical Analysis, 395–407. Second edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2018] | Previous edition by B.B. Kebbekus and S. Mitra.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429458200-15.

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Patnaik, Pradyot. "Emerging Pollutants: Steroids and Hormones". En Handbook of Environmental Analysis, 179–84. Third edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315151946-28.

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Trivedi, Mala, Manish Mathur y Rajesh K. Tiwari. "Emerging Pollutants: A Taciturn Killer". En Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment, 181–201. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003053170-7-7.

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Nataraj, S. K. "Methods to Detect Emerging Pollutants". En Emergent Pollutant Treatment in Wastewater, 27–58. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003214786-2.

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Liu, Zhaoyang, Jing Meng y Yonglong Lu. "Environmental Pathways of Emerging Pollutants". En Ecological Risks of Emerging Pollutants in Urbanizing Regions, 71–95. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9630-6_3.

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Sharma, Swati y Anita Saini. "Microplastics as Emerging Soil Pollutants". En Solid Waste Treatment Technologies, 106–26. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003352396-8.

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Sharma, Manu y Kriti Sood. "Nano-Bioremediation: An Emerging Weapon for Emerging Pollutants". En Management and Mitigation of Emerging Pollutants, 273–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41005-5_10.

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Singh, Anshika y Kanchan Kumari. "Classical and Emerging Persistent Organic Pollutants in Environment". En Persistent Organic Pollutants, 33–58. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003046806-2.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Quantification of emerging pollutants":

Catanante, Gaelle, Atul Sharma, Akhtar Hayat y Jean Louis Marty. "APTASENSORS FOR EMERGING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS". En International Symposium "The Environment and the Industry". National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/simi.2016.0001.

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Hager, Stewart. "Quantification and Relative Amounts of Pollutants in Vehicle Exhaust Plumes". En Applied Industrial Optics: Spectroscopy, Imaging and Metrology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/aio.2014.am1a.1.

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Manzueta Felix, Robiel Eilyn, César Martín-Gómez, Amaia Zuazua-Ros, Juan Carlos Ramos González, Leonardo De Brito Andrade y Arturo H. Ariño. "Methodology for quantification of exhaled pollutant emissions in residential buildings". En 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15172.

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It is known that indoor air is affected by outdoor air, thanks to the various studies that have been conducted in this area, the causes can be varied, from infiltration of buildings, natural or mechanical ventilation. Although it is known that transportation is one of the major contributors to this problem, studies have concluded that there is a proportion of pollutants coming from 'non-specific sources of human origin', all this emphasizes the importance of identifying and quantifying the sources of air pollution.The intention of this research project, is to characterize and quantify the pollutants that are emitted from residential buildings through their ventilation systems, and how such exhalation affects urban air quality both outdoors and, through recapture, indoors.The design of a viable methodology for monitoring two residential buildings in Pamplona (Spain) has been proposed, involving aspects such as the extension of the city where the buildings selected for the project are located, their typology, the areas destined for the ventilation systems, the equipment chosen for the quantification of pollutants and the procedure to be followed. All this procedure represents the core of the monitoring process.Thanks to this methodology, the researchers intend to present results of the quantification of pollutants such as Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Methane (CH4), Particulate Matter (PM), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC), resulting from the exhalation of residential buildings. These results are the foundation for demonstrating how residential buildings can become another source of pollution for urban environments.

Irianto, Hari y Dwiyitno. "Microplastics: Emerging Pollutants for Indonesian Marine and Fishery Environment". En ASEAN Food Conference. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009982802320240.

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BUENO, MARIA DE LOS ANGELES BERNAL-ROMERO DEL HOMBRE, PABLO AZNAR-CRESPO, ANTONIO JODAR-ABELLAN, JOAQUÍN MELGAREJO MORENO y DANIEL PRATS. "ASSESSING SOCIAL PERCEPTIONS OF EMERGING POLLUTANTS IN SOUTH-EAST SPAIN". En RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 2019. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rbm190181.

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Cristina Bove De Azevedo, Carla, Italo Odone Mazali, NAIARA VIEIRA GODOY y Fernando Aparecido Sigoli. "Development of SERS substrates for detection of emerging environmental pollutants". En XXIV Congresso de Iniciação Científica da UNICAMP - 2016. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoa, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2016-51298.

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Harig, Roland, Gerhard Matz y Peter Rusch. "Scanning infrared remote sensing system for identification, visualization, and quantification of airborne pollutants". En Environmental and Industrial Sensing, editado por James O. Jensen y Robert L. Spellicy. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.455146.

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Sasikala, S., Shalini R, Renuka Devi D y Chinnaparaj D. "Analysis of Air Pollutants and its Inferences in Tamil Nadu". En 2023 International Conference on Emerging Smart Computing and Informatics (ESCI). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esci56872.2023.10100295.

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Pelayo, Deva, María J. Rivero y Inmaculada Ortiz. "UV-C LED light-based technologies for mineralization of emerging pollutants". En 15th Mediterranean Congress of Chemical Engineering (MeCCE-15). Grupo Pacífico, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/mecce-15.t3-p-06.

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Kellems, Barry L., Randall Johnson y Fabian Sanchez. "Design of Emerging Technologies for Control and Removal of Stormwater Pollutants". En World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2003. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40685(2003)277.

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Informes sobre el tema "Quantification of emerging pollutants":

Boutrup, Susanne, Mannio Jaakko, Maria Dam y Tina Mønster. Joint Nordic screening of emerging pollutants. Nordic Council of Ministers, noviembre de 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/anp2014-735.

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Wentworth, Jonathan. Persistent Chemical Pollutants. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, julio de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn579.

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A legacy of persistent pollutants is widely distributed in the environment, increasing the potential for exposure of wildlife and humans. This POSTnote sets out the challenge this posed for regulators, current regulatory approaches and some of the emerging issues.

Pray, Todd. Remediation of recalcitrant and emerging organic pollutants using bacteria and their extracted enzymes (CRADA FP00007386). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), noviembre de 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1575248.

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LaFleur, Carolyn, Amanda Harmon y James Rutherford. PR-004-213900-Z01 Existing and Emerging Technologies in Methane Leak Detection and Quantification. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), enero de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012252.

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Methane (CH4), the main component of natural gas, has a global warming potential 25 to 36 times more potent than carbon dioxide (CO2) over 100 years. Methane emissions are often intermittent and highly variable, a multivariate phenomenon of flow rate, time, and conditions. Cost-effective technologies are needed to detect, locate, and measure methane gas leaks faster and more efficiently. There is a diverse array of existing and emerging technologies capable of detecting, locating, and quantifying methane emissions. Broadly termed leak detection and quantification (LDAQ), these technologies vary in capability, application, and cost. This report provides includes LDAQ technology descriptions and applications. Existing and emerging technologies available for methane LDAQ are identified and characterized in an Assessment Framework that incorporates a Technology Assessment and a Market Assessment. These comprise the LDAQ Technology Assessment Tool (in Excel workbook format) that accompanies this report and is described herein.

Terence J. McManus, Ph D. DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR THE QUANTIFICATION OF THE CHEMICAL FORMS OF MERCURY AND OTHER TARGET POLLUTANTS IN COAL-FIRED BOILER FLUE GAS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), junio de 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/778029.

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Alexander, Chris y Atul Ganpatye. PR-652-203802-R01 Computed Tomography for the Development of Standards for Anomaly Detection-Characterization. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), diciembre de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012246.

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This report documents the testing and inspection efforts undertaken to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of X-Ray Computed Tomography (XRCT) technology from the perspective of detection and quantification of flaws in pipelines. The fundamental motivation behind this project is to leverage the capabilities of the XRCT technology for highly accurate detection and characterization of flaws in pipelines. The accurate sizing and characterization of flaws/cracks in pipelines is of great consequence in providing effective and efficient operational and repair decisions in any integrity management program. As is the case with any emerging technology, comprehensive validation is needed before the technology can be considered mature enough to be effectively deployed by operators in the real-world or be used in the development of reference standards. This report discusses a validation approach and compares the XRCT results with those obtained from conventional NDE, and sectioning and microscopy, for synthetic and real-world features. Results are discussed in the context of the development of reference standards using synthetic flaws. The discussion provided in this document will be valuable for operators in understanding applicability, gaps, and future direction for the XRCT technology in the context of accurate flaw detection and characterization in pipelines. Results discussed in the report show that XRCT has the potential to enable the pipeline industry to establish a set of reference standards that can be used for a wide range of purposes, including technology development and qualification, personnel training and competency testing for inspection of flaws in pipelines. Once established as a proxy for "truth", XRCT will significantly minimize the need for frequent destructive testing for the generation of validation data further enabling the use in the development of reference standards. Within the purview of the work scope completed in this project, XRCT showed excellent results with synthetic features confirming that the technology (along with the process of generating synthetic features) is ready to be used in the development of reference standards using synthetic features. This work was funded in part, under the Department of Transportation, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, the Department of Transportation, or the U.S. Government.

Belkin, Shimshon, Sylvia Daunert y Mona Wells. Whole-Cell Biosensor Panel for Agricultural Endocrine Disruptors. United States Department of Agriculture, diciembre de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7696542.bard.

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Objectives: The overall objective as defined in the approved proposal was the development of a whole-cell sensor panel for the detection of endocrine disruption activities of agriculturally relevant chemicals. To achieve this goal several specific objectives were outlined: (a) The development of new genetically engineered wholecell sensor strains; (b) the combination of multiple strains into a single sensor panel to effect multiple response modes; (c) development of a computerized algorithm to analyze the panel responses; (d) laboratory testing and calibration; (e) field testing. In the course of the project, mostly due to the change in the US partner, three modifications were introduced to the original objectives: (a) the scope of the project was expanded to include pharmaceuticals (with a focus on antibiotics) in addition to endocrine disrupting chemicals, (b) the computerized algorithm was not fully developed and (c) the field test was not carried out. Background: Chemical agents, such as pesticides applied at inappropriate levels, may compromise water quality or contaminate soils and hence threaten human populations. In recent years, two classes of compounds have been increasingly implicated as emerging risks in agriculturally-related pollution: endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals. The latter group may reach the environment by the use of wastewater effluents, whereas many pesticides have been implicated as EDCs. Both groups pose a threat in proportion to their bioavailability, since that which is biounavailable or can be rendered so is a priori not a threat; bioavailability, in turn, is mediated by complex matrices such as soils. Genetically engineered biosensor bacteria hold great promise for sensing bioavailability because the sensor is a live soil- and water-compatible organism with biological response dynamics, and because its response can be genetically “tailored” to report on general toxicity, on bioavailability, and on the presence of specific classes of toxicants. In the present project we have developed a bacterial-based sensor panel incorporating multiple strains of genetically engineered biosensors for the purpose of detecting different types of biological effects. The overall objective as defined in the approved proposal was the development of a whole-cell sensor panel for the detection of endocrine disruption activities of agriculturally relevant chemicals. To achieve this goal several specific objectives were outlined: (a) The development of new genetically engineered wholecell sensor strains; (b) the combination of multiple strains into a single sensor panel to effect multiple response modes; (c) development of a computerized algorithm to analyze the panel responses; (d) laboratory testing and calibration; (e) field testing. In the course of the project, mostly due to the change in the US partner, three modifications were introduced to the original objectives: (a) the scope of the project was expanded to include pharmaceuticals (with a focus on antibiotics) in addition to endocrine disrupting chemicals, (b) the computerized algorithm was not fully developed and (c) the field test was not carried out. Major achievements: (a) construction of innovative bacterial sensor strains for accurate and sensitive detection of agriculturally-relevant pollutants, with a focus on endocrine disrupting compounds (UK and HUJ) and antibiotics (HUJ); (b) optimization of methods for long-term preservation of the reporter bacteria, either by direct deposition on solid surfaces (HUJ) or by the construction of spore-forming Bacillus-based sensors (UK); (c) partial development of a computerized algorithm for the analysis of sensor panel responses. Implications: The sensor panel developed in the course of the project was shown to be applicable for the detection of a broad range of antibiotics and EDCs. Following a suitable development phase, the panel will be ready for testing in an agricultural environment, as an innovative tool for assessing the environmental impacts of EDCs and pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, while the current study relates directly to issues of water quality and soil health, its implications are much broader, with potential uses is risk-based assessment related to the clinical, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries as well as to homeland security.

Chefetz, Benny, Baoshan Xing, Leor Eshed-Williams, Tamara Polubesova y Jason Unrine. DOM affected behavior of manufactured nanoparticles in soil-plant system. United States Department of Agriculture, enero de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604286.bard.

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The overall goal of this project was to elucidate the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil retention, bioavailability and plant uptake of silver and cerium oxide NPs. The environmental risks of manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) are attracting increasing attention from both industrial and scientific communities. These NPs have shown to be taken-up, translocated and bio- accumulated in plant edible parts. However, very little is known about the behavior of NPs in soil-plant system as affected by dissolved organic matter (DOM). Thus DOM effect on NPs behavior is critical to assessing the environmental fate and risks related to NP exposure. Carbon-based nanomaterials embedded with metal NPs demonstrate a great potential to serve as catalyst and disinfectors. Hence, synthesis of novel carbon-based nanocomposites and testing them in the environmentally relevant conditions (particularly in the DOM presence) is important for their implementation in water purification. Sorption of DOM on Ag-Ag₂S NPs, CeO₂ NPs and synthesized Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotubebifunctional composite has been studied. High DOM concentration (50mg/L) decreased the adsorptive and catalytic efficiencies of all synthesized NPs. Recyclable Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotube composite exhibited excellent catalytic and anti-bacterial action, providing complete reduction of common pollutants and inactivating gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria at environmentally relevant DOM concentrations (5-10 mg/L). Our composite material may be suitable for water purification ranging from natural to the industrial waste effluents. We also examined the role of maize (Zeamays L.)-derived root exudates (a form of DOM) and their components on the aggregation and dissolution of CuONPs in the rhizosphere. Root exudates (RE) significantly inhibited the aggregation of CuONPs regardless of ionic strength and electrolyte type. With RE, the critical coagulation concentration of CuONPs in NaCl shifted from 30 to 125 mM and the value in CaCl₂ shifted from 4 to 20 mM. This inhibition was correlated with molecular weight (MW) of RE fractions. Higher MW fraction (> 10 kDa) reduced the aggregation most. RE also significantly promoted the dissolution of CuONPs and lower MW fraction (< 3 kDa) RE mainly contributed to this process. Also, Cu accumulation in plant root tissues was significantly enhanced by RE. This study provides useful insights into the interactions between RE and CuONPs, which is of significance for the safe use of CuONPs-based antimicrobial products in agricultural production. Wheat root exudates (RE) had high reducing ability to convert Ag+ to nAg under light exposure. Photo-induced reduction of Ag+ to nAg in pristine RE was mainly attributed to the 0-3 kDa fraction. Quantification of the silver species change over time suggested that Cl⁻ played an important role in photoconversion of Ag+ to nAg through the formation and redox cycling of photoreactiveAgCl. Potential electron donors for the photoreduction of Ag+ were identified to be reducing sugars and organic acids of low MW. Meanwhile, the stabilization of the formed particles was controlled by both low (0-3 kDa) and high (>3 kDa) MW molecules. This work provides new information for the formation mechanism of metal nanoparticles mediated by RE, which may further our understanding of the biogeochemical cycling and toxicity of heavy metal ions in agricultural and environmental systems. Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuSNPs) at 1:1 and 1:4 ratios of Cu and S were synthesized, and their respective antifungal efficacy was evaluated against the pathogenic activity of Gibberellafujikuroi(Bakanae disease) in rice (Oryza sativa). In a 2-d in vitro study, CuS decreased G. fujikuroiColony- Forming Units (CFU) compared to controls. In a greenhouse study, treating with CuSNPs at 50 mg/L at the seed stage significantly decreased disease incidence on rice while the commercial Cu-based pesticide Kocide 3000 had no impact on disease. Foliar-applied CuONPs and CuS (1:1) NPs decreased disease incidence by 30.0 and 32.5%, respectively, which outperformed CuS (1:4) NPs (15%) and Kocide 3000 (12.5%). CuS (1:4) NPs also modulated the shoot salicylic acid (SA) and Jasmonic acid (JA) production to enhance the plant defense mechanisms against G. fujikuroiinfection. These results are useful for improving the delivery efficiency of agrichemicals via nano-enabled strategies while minimizing their environmental impact, and advance our understanding of the defense mechanisms triggered by the NPs presence in plants.