Tesis sobre el tema "Quality-driven design"
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Čaušević, Adnan. "Quality of Test Design in Test Driven Development". Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-18773.
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One of the most emphasised software testing activities in an Agile environment is the usage of the Test Driven Development (TDD) approach. TDD is a development activity where test cases are created by developers before writing the code, and all for the purpose of guiding the actual development process. In other words, test cases created when following TDD could be considered as a by-product of software development. However, TDD is not fully adopted by the industry, as indicated by respondents from our industrial survey who pointed out that TDD is the most preferred but least practised activity. Our further research identified seven potentially limiting factors for industrial adoption of TDD, out of which one of the prominent factor was lack of developers’ testing skills. We subsequently defined and categorised appropriate quality attributes which describe the quality of test case design when following TDD. Through a number of empirical studies, we have clearly established the effect of “positive test bias”, where the participants focused mainly on the functionality while generating test cases. In other words, there existed less number of “negative test cases” exercising the system beyond the specified functionality, which is an important requirement for high reliability systems. On an average, in our studies, around 70% of test cases created by the participants were positive while only 30% were negative. However, when measuring defect detecting ability of those sets of test cases, an opposite ratio was observed. Defect detecting ability of negative test cases were above 70% while positive test cases contributed only by 30%. We propose a TDDHQ concept as an approach for achieving higher quality testing in TDD by using combinations of quality improvement aspects and test design techniques to facilitate consideration of unspecified requirements during the development to a higher extent and thus minimise the impact of potentially inherent positive test bias in TDD. This way developers do not necessarily focus only on verifying functionality, but they can as well increase security, robustness, performance and many other quality improvement aspects for the given software product. An additional empirical study, evaluating this method, showed a noticeable improvement in the quality of test cases created by developers utilising TDDHQ concept. Our research findings are expected to pave way for further enhancements to the way of performing TDD, eventually resulting in better adoption of it by the industry.
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Theodorsson, Mike y Ida Rydiander. "Assuring Quality in Web-Based Information Systems : A quality-driven design model". Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1353.
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Quality has always been an elusive concept in information system design, even more so when dealing with the online-sphere. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate and dissect the concept of quality and present a practical way to apply it to the design process. To do this, a quality-driven design model has been developed, focused around four crucial aspects of overall quality: accessibility, usability, navigation and interactivity. By utilizing simple and practical techniques and measuring their success in achieving quality, this study attempts to prove that quality can be harnessed as a hands-on resource, guaranteed in any design project involving a Web-Based Information System, merely by applying this model.
Kvalitet har alltid varit ett begrepp svårt att fånga och tillämpa, speciellt när området Internet kommer in i bilden. Den här C-uppsatsen har således som syfte att undersöka och bryta ned kvalitetskonceptet samt presentera ett praktiskt tillvägagångsätt som kan utnyttjas under design processen. För att göra detta så har vi utvecklat en kvalitetsdriven designmodell, fokuserad runt fyra kvalitetsaspekter: tillgänglighet, användbarhet, navigation och interaktion. Genom att utnyttja praktiska och enkla tekniker och genom att mäta deras effektivitet i att utveckla kvalitet, så försöker den här studien att bevisa att kvalitet kan användas som en praktisk resurs. Kvalitet kan garanteras i alla designprojekt som involverar ett web-baserat informationssystem, genom användning av denna modell.
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Yang, Luo. "RELIABILITY-BASED DESIGN AND QUALITY CONTROL OF DRIVEN PILES". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1153755606.
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Al-Naeem, Tariq Abdullah Computer Science & Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "A quality-driven decision-support framework for architecting e-business applications". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Computer Science and Engineering, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23419.
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Architecting e-business applications is a complex design activity. This is mainly due to the numerous architectural decisions to be made, including the selection of alternative technologies, software components, design strategies, patterns, standards, protocols, platforms, etc. Further complexities arise due to the fact that these alternatives often vary considerably in their support for different quality attributes. Moreover, there are often different groups of stakeholders involved, with each having their own quality goals and criteria. Furthermore, different architectural decisions often include interdependent alternatives, where the selection of one alternative for one particular decision impacts the selections to be made for alternatives from other different decisions. There have been several research efforts aiming at providing sufficient mechanisms and tools for facilitating the architectural evaluation and design process. These approaches, however, address architectural decisions in isolation, where they focus on evaluating a limited set of alternatives belonging to one architectural decision. This has been the primary motivation behind the development of the Architectural DEcision-Making Support (ADEMS) framework, which basically aims at supporting stakeholders and architects during the architectural decision-making process by helping them determining a suitable combination of architectural alternatives. ADEMS framework is an iterative process that leverages rigorous quantitative decision-making techniques available in the literature of Management Science, particularly Multiple Attribute Decision-Making (MADM) methods and Integer Programming (IP). Furthermore, due to the number of architectural decisions involved as well as the variety of available alternatives, the architecture design space is expected to be huge. For this purpose, a query language has been developed, known as the Architecture Query Language (AQL), to aid architects in exploring and analyzing the design space in further depth, and also in examining different ???what-if??? architectural scenarios. In addition, in order to support leveraging ADEMS framework, a support tool has been implemented for carrying out the sophisticated set of mathematical computations and comparisons of the large number of architectural combinations, which might otherwise be hard to conduct using manual techniques. The primary contribution of the tool is in its help to identify, evaluate, and rank all potential combinations of alternatives based on their satisfaction to quality preferences provided by the different stakeholders. Finally, to assess the feasibility of ADEMS, three different case studies have been conducted relating to the architectural evaluation of different e-business and enterprise applications. Results obtained for the three case studies were quite positive as they showed an acceptable accuracy level for the decisions recommended by ADEMS, and at a reasonable time and effort costs for the different system stakeholders.
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Zhang, Bo. "Scalable analysis and design of service systems". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39533.
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In this dissertation, we develop analytical and computational tools for performance analysis and design of large-scale service systems. The dissertation consists of three main chapters.
The first chapter is devoted to devising efficient task assignment policies for large-scale service system models from a rare event analysis standpoint. Specifically, we study the steady-state behavior of multi-server queues with general job size distributions under size-interval task assignment (SITA) policies. Assuming Poisson arrivals and the existence of the alpha-th moment of the job size distribution for some alpha> 1, we show that if the job arrival rate and the number of servers increase to infinity with the traffic intensity held fixed, a SITA policy parameterized by alpha minimizes in a large deviation sense the steady-state probability that the total number of jobs in the system is greater than or equal to the number of servers. The optimal large deviation decay rate can be arbitrarily close to the one for the corresponding probability in an infinite-server queue, which only depends on the system traffic intensity but not on any higher moments of the job size distribution. This supports in a many-server asymptotic framework the common wisdom that separating large jobs from small jobs protects system performance against job size variability.
In the second chapter, we study constraint satisfaction problems for a Markovian parallel-server queueing model with impatient customers, motivated by large telephone call centers. To minimize the staffing level subject to different service-level constraints, we propose refined square-root staffing (SRS) rules, which preserve the insightfulness and computational scalability of the celebrated SRS principle and yet achieve a stronger form of optimality. In particular, using asymptotic series expansion techniques, we first develop refinements to a set of asymptotic performance approximations recently used in analyzing large call centers, namely, the Quality and Efficiency Driven (QED) diffusion approximations. We then use the improved performance approximations to explicitly characterize the error of conventional SRS and further obtain the refined SRS rules. Finally, we demonstrate how the explicit form of the staffing refinements enables an analytical assessment of the accuracy of conventional SRS and its underlying QED approximation.
In the third chapter, we study a fluid model for many-server Markovian queues in changing environments, which can be used to model large-scale service systems with customer abandonments and time-varying arrivals. We obtain the stationary distribution of the fluid model, which refines and is shown to converge, as the environment changing rate vanishes in a proper way, to a simple discrete bimodal approximation. We also prove that the fluid model arises as a law of large number limit in a many-server asymptotic regime.
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Truedsson, Stefan. "Simulation driven design : An iterative approach for mechanical engineerswith focus on mesh, quality and convergence". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-29031.
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This thesis of 15 hp has been implemented at Halmstad University, incollaboration with Saab Dynamics in Linköping. Saab Dynamics is a companyoperating in the defence industry where competition is tough. This necessitatesnew ways to increase efficiency in the company, which is the basis for this thesis.Saab Dynamics wants to introduce simulation driven design. Since SaabDynamics engineers have little experience of simulation, required a usermethodology with clear guidelines. Due to lack of time, they chose to assign thetask to students, which resulted in this thesis.The aim of the thesis is to develop a methodology in mechanical design, wherethe designer uses the FE analysis early in the design process to develop thestructures' mechanical properties. The methodology should be seen as a guide anda source of information to enable an iterative approach with FE-analysis, which isthe basis of simulation-driven design. The iterative process of simulation drivendesign, which can lead to reduced lead times and cost savings in the designprocess.The work was carried out by three students from the mechanical engineeringprogram between December 2014 and May 2015. Because of the scale of theproject, it has been carried out by a total of three students with individual focusareas.The work has followed a self-developed method and the project began withtheoretical studies of the topic to get an understanding of what has been done andwhat research in simulation driven design. Then conducted an empirical study onthe Saab Dynamics in Linköping, in order to increase understanding of how thedesign process looks like. Meanwhile, sustainable development and ethicalaspects has been taken into account.Much time has been devoted to investigate the possibilities and limitations of 3DExperience, which is Dassault Systèmes latest platform for 3D modelling- andsimulation software. 3D Experience is the software, the methodology is based on.This thesis has resulted in a methodology for simulating at the designer level thatthe project team in consultation with the supervisor at Saab Dynamics managed toadapt to the company's requirements.
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Brock, Daniela [Verfasser]. "Terahertz Pulsed Imaging for Quality by Design Driven Development of Active-Coated OROS Tablets / Daniela Brock". München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104512673X/34.
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Garcia, Marta perez. "Design driven innovation : enhancing idea quality in front end idea generation practices in large multinational companies (MNCs)". Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765746.
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Fitchie, Martin R. "Presenting tolerance analysis data within a virtual prototype environment : aesthetic quality assessment for a styling driven automotive design process". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428858.
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Liu, Shih-hsi. "QOSPL a quality of service-driven software product line engineering framework for design and analysis of component-based distributed real-time and embedded systems /". Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007p/liu-shih-hsi.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007.Additional advisors: Jeff G. Gray, Marjan Mernik, Rajeev Raje, Chengcui Zhang. Description based on contents viewed Feb. 7, 2008; title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 216-230).
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Johansson, Per y Henric Holmberg. "On the Modularity of a System". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Teknik och samhälle, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20183.
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Den här uppsatsen behandlar skapandet och designen av en arkitektur över ett system för behandling av depression och andra psykiska sjukdomar via internet, kallat Melencolia. Ett av kraven för detta projekt är att skapa ett system som kan utökas i framtiden. Vi har härlett detta krav till begreppet modularitet och för att skapa en modulär arkitektur för Melencolia har vi undersökt vad begreppet innebär och härlett det till att vara ett kvalitetsdrag hos flera kvalitetsattribut däribland ”maintainability” och ”reusability”. Med hjälp av ”Attribute Driven Design” kan en arkitektur skapas som fokuserar kring en viss typ av kvalitetsattribut. Eftersom modularitet inte är ett kvalitetsattribut utan en kvalitetsegenskap har vi varit tvungna att ändra indata till denna metod, från kvalitetsattribut till kvalitetsegenskap. Vidare har vi härlett och lagt fram en ny metod för att mäta kvalitetsegenskaper i en mjukvaruarkikektur.Slutligen har vi använt vår metod för att mäta graden av modularitet i Melencolias arkitektur.This thesis considers the problem of creating and designing an architecture for a software project that will result in a system for treatment of depression on the Internet. One of the requirements for this project, named by Melencolia, is to create a system which can be extended in the future. From this requirement we have derived the concept of modularity. In order to create a modular architecture we have concluded that modularity is a quality characteristic of multiple quality attributes such as "maintainability" and "reusability".We deploy Attribute-Driven Design (ADD) in this Melencolia project. By doing this, an architecture that is focused around modularity can be created. Since modularity is not a quality attribute, but rather a quality characteristic, we had to change the input to ADD from a quality attribute to a quality characteristic.Furthermore, we derive and propose a new method for quality characteristic evaluation of software architectures.Finally we apply our aforementioned method on the architecture of Melencolia and by doing this we get an indication on how well our proposed architecture satisfies modularity.
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Milliken, Danielle L. "Core Value Driven Care: Understanding the impact of core values on employee perception of Patient Safety, Employee Safety, and Quality of Care". Franklin University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=frank161046157154285.
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Cepeda-Vázquez, Mayela. "Rôle des ingrédients et des conditions de cuisson dans la qualité et réactivité des produits céréaliers : le cas du furane et des composés odorants dans la génoise". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLA040.
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L'un des défis actuels de la chimie alimentaire est de développer des produits avec une qualité sanitaire et sensorielle optimale. Ceci est particulièrement important dans les produits traités thermiquement, tels que les produits céréaliers. Lors de la cuisson et à partir des ingrédients, un nombre considérable de composés peuvent se former. Certains suscitent une préoccupation sanitaire émergente, lorsque d'autres jouent un rôle sensoriel indéniable. Comprendre la réactivité des constituants devient alors un levier puissant pour développer des voies d'amélioration des aliments. Ce travail porte sur les effets des ingrédients et conditions de cuisson dans la génération de furane, composé possiblement cancérigène, et furfural, composé odorant contribuant à l'arôme caractéristique de la génoise. Afin de maîtriser la réactivité et ainsi optimiser la qualité des produits, une approche globale a été adoptée, incluant l'étude des composés volatils, des propriétés physicochimiques et sensorielles et l'appréciation hédonique des consommateurs. Ce travail propose une méthodologie et ouvre des pistes intéressantes pour développer des stratégies efficaces de maîtrise de la qualité globale des produits transformésA current challenge for food chemists consists in developing safe yet appealing food. This is particularly difficult in thermally-treated foods, like baked products, since a great number of compounds may be produced during heating. While some of these are of health concern, others contribute to other key aspects of quality, such as aroma or color, revealing the need of considering reactivity into food quality design. This work deals with the effects of formulation and baking conditions on the generation of furan, a heatinduced contaminant, and furfural, contributing typical aroma to sponge cake. Moreover, a holistic approach was adopted, covering volatile generation, physical properties, sensory evaluation and consumer tests, both for further understanding reactivity and optimizing product quality. This work is certainly an important step towards the development of novel strategies for qualitydriven design of heat-treated food
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Aniche, Mauricio Finavaro. "Como a prática de TDD influencia o projeto de classes em sistemas orientados a objetos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-31072012-181230/.
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Desenvolvimento Guiado por Testes (TDD) e uma das praticas sugeridas na Programacao Extrema. A mecanica da pratica e simples: o programador escreve o teste antes de escrever o codigo. E, portanto, possivel inferir que a pratica de TDD e uma pratica de testes de software. Entretanto, muitos autores de livros conhecidos pela industria e academia afirmam que os efeitos da pratica vao alem. Segundo eles, TDD ajuda o desenvolvedor durante o processo de criacao do projeto classes, fazendo-os criar classes menos acopladas e mais coesas. Entretanto, grande parte dos trabalhos da literatura sao voltados a descobrir se a pratica faz diferenca na qualidade do codigo gerado, mas poucos sao os autores que discutem como a pratica realmente auxilia. Mesmo os proprios praticantes nao entendem ou conseguem expressar bem como a pratica os guia. Este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender melhor os efeitos de TDD e como sua pratica influencia o desenvolvedor durante o processo de projeto de sistemas orientados a objetos. Para entende-las, neste trabalho optamos por um estudo exploratorio essencialmente qualitativo, no qual participantes foram convidados a resolver exercicios pre-preparados utilizando TDD e, a partir dos dados colhidos nessa primeira parte, nos levantamos detalhes sobre como a pratica influenciou as decisoes de projeto de classes dos participantes por meio de entrevistas. Ao final, observamos que a pratica de TDD pode guiar o desenvolvedor durante o processo de criacao do projeto de classes por meio de constantes feedbacks sobre a qualidade do projeto. Esses feedbacks alertam desenvolvedores sobre possiveis problemas, como alto acoplamento ou baixa coesao. Os desenvolvedores, por sua vez, devem interpretar e melhorar o projeto de classes. Este trabalho catalogou e nomeou os padroes de feedback percebidos pelos participantes.Test-Driven Development (TDD) is one of the suggested practices in Extreme Programming (XP). The mechanical is simple: the developer writes a test before writing the implementation. Thus, TDD is often seen as a software testing technique. However, many famous book authors suggest that TDD can help developers during the class design creation process, enabling developers to create less coupled highly cohesive classes. Most of the academic studies are interested on finding the difference between a TDDd and a non-TDDd code. Only a few of them discuss how the practice really supports class design. Even practitioners do not understand how the practice guides them. This work aims to understand better the effects of TDD and how the practice influences the practitioner during the class design process in object-oriented systems. To better understand them, we did a essencially qualitative explorative study, in which participants were invited to solve a set of pre-prepared exercises using TDD and, based on the gathered data, we retrieved details of how the practice influenced the developers class design decisions through interviews. At the end, we observed that the practice of TDD can guide developers during the class design creation process through constant feedback about its quality. These feedbacks alert developers about possible problems, such as high coupling or low cohesion. Developers then should interpret and improve the class design accordingly. This study also catalogues the TDD feedback patterns perceived by the participants.
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Davoodi, Anahita. "Lighting simulation for a more value-driven building design process". Licentiate thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik och belysningsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-31701.
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Concerns about global warming are increasing, hence, the urgency to cut carbon emissions. Reducing energy consumption, including lighting energy, is seen as the primary solution. Yet, solving the environmental factor should not come at the cost of other pillars of sustainable development. Rather, maximizing the total value of the building should be the focus. Maximizing value in the context of lighting entails improving the quality of the lighting. This study has investigated how lighting simulation could help in achieving better lighting quality. The aim of the thesis was defined as to understand the underlying architecture of lighting simulation and obtain an overview of its characteristics and applications as well as to study the use of current simulation tools. The theoretical background of lighting simulation (in the domain of Systems Engineering) was reviewed from the literature. This revealed the missing and imperfect links in the solution-to-value chain. The thesis suggests the use of a new base metric, Retinal Illuminance Map, as a solution, which in combination with black box simulation of a visual system can help repair this incomplete chain. The study of the current lighting simulation tools (Paper 1) revealed that illuminance-based metrics, luminance-based metrics, daylight availability metrics, and glare indexes are the most available performance metrics in existing lighting simulation tools. Based on usability, acceptability, availability, and previous references in the literature six software programs (Radiance, DAYSIM, Evalglare, DIALux, VELUX, and VISSLA) were selected and compared. It was found that no single tool could meet all the needs of a designer, hence, simulation tool(s) should be selected (or combined) according to the requirements of project goals and the stage of design. Building on these studies, applications of lighting simulation were identified and compiled in relation to different aspects, including performance metrics, stages of design, optimization, model integration, BIM, and parametric modeling. To obtain first-hand information about lighting designers’ experience, an online survey was conducted in Sweden (Paper 2). The results showed that lighting simulation programs were widely (90%) used in Sweden for analysis and/or rendering purposes. The majority of lighting designers considered both daylight and artificial light in their design. Factors such as ease-of use, simulation time and training had more weight than accuracy and the diversity of metrics in practitioner’s eyes. Surrogate modeling was identified as a solution for speeding up simulation time, which would also enable exploration of design solution space especially in the early design stage.
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Winters, Danny. "Selected Topics in Foundation Design, Quality Assurance, and Remediation". Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5153.
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There are over 602,000 bridges in the United States, of which 12.5% are classified as functionally obsolete and 11.2% are structurally deficient. The functionally obsolete bridges will require expansion or replacement to increase the service capacity of the bridge. The structurally deficient bridges will either need remediation of the load carrying elements which are damaged or deteriorated or will need to be replaced completely. Replacement of the bridges means new construction; new construction means better design and quality assurance to meet the 100+ year service life requirement in place now. Rehabilitation of bridges will require better design and quality assurance to increase the current service life of the structure. This dissertation presents new design, testing, and repair methods developed to extend the life of new and existing bridges through pressure grouting, thermal integrity testing of drilled shafts, and the bond enhancement of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) repair materials bonded to concrete with vacuum bagging and pressure bagging, respectively.
Pressure grouting of drilled shaft tips has been used for over five decades to improve the end bearing capacity, but no rational design procedure had ever been published until this study. The research outlined in this dissertation analyzed nine grouted shafts and compared them to standard design procedures to determine the improvement in end bearing. Improvements ranged from 60% to 709% increase in end bearing capacity. From these improvements, a design procedure was developed for pressure grouted drilled shafts.
Post construction inspection of drilled shafts relies largely on non-visual techniques dealing with measured concrete quantities, acoustic wave speed or frequency, gamma radiation attenuation and now the internal temperature of the curing concrete. Thermal Integrity Profiling (TIP), developed at USF, utilizes the heat of hydration of curing concrete to evaluate the concrete cover, foundation shape, cage alignment, and concrete mix design performance. This research developed standard test equipment and procedures for thermal integrity testing.
Comparing the results of the different types of integrity tests is difficult due to the varied nature of the different tests. The dissertation looked at various shafts constructed across the nation which were tested with thermal and at least one other integrity test method. When compared to acoustic and gamma radiation test results, TIP agreed with 4 of 6 cases for acoustic and 2 of 5 cases using gamma radiation. In the one case were both sonic caliper and inclination data were available, TIP showed good agreement.
Vacuum bagging and pressure bagging are techniques for improving the FRP-concrete bond in the repair of partially submerged piles. Prototype vacuum bagging and pressure bagging systems were developed and bond improvement assessed from results of pullout tests on full size piles repaired under simulated tidal exposures in the laboratory. Pressure bagging gave better bond and was found to be simpler because it did not require an airtight seal. A field demonstration project was conducted in which pressure bagging was used in combination with two different glass FRP systems to repair two corroding piles supporting the Friendship Trails Bridge across Tampa Bay. Inspection of the post-cured wrap showed no evidence of air voids.
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Valente, Paulo Francisco Constantino. "Data-driven quality by design for complex generic drug products". Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/88014.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Biomédica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaA indústria farmacêutica é uma das atividades mais inovadoras e regulamentadas, sendo a distribuição dos componentes terapêuticos no corpo humano, com a qualidade desejada, um dos grandes focos da investigação nesta área. Para garantir que a qualidade final dos medicamentos seja uma preocupação em todas as etapas do seu desenvolvimento, as entidades reguladoras têm incentivado as empresas a adotarem princípios de qualidade pelo design, o que promove mais conhecimento sobre o processo e permite reduzir os recursos necessários, o que, em última instância, torna os cuidados de saúde mais acessíveis para todos. Neste trabalho, são analisados dados experimentais do processo de fabrico de um medicamento genérico complexo, a ser atualmente desenvolvido pela Bluepharma - Indústria Farmacêutica. Estes produtos são conhecidos por implicarem um esforço adicional, pois o seu desenvolvimento envolve tarefas mais complicadas do que os medicamentos convencionais. Além disso, neste problema, pretende-se que seis respostas diferentes, discretas e contínuas, sejam otimizadas simultaneamente. Um novo método para identificar efeitos ativos em experiências de triagem é proposto, envolvendo o uso de regressão passo-a-passo com a implementação de hereditariedade de efeitos, modelos lineares generalizados e validação através do critério de informação de Akaike corrigido. Esta abordagem é mais simples do que as sugeridas na literatura com objectivos semelhantes e apresenta resultados muito melhores do que as técnicas padrão utilizadas normalmente na indústria farmacêutica. Além disso, alguns outros procedimentos são realizados para extrair informações importantes dos dados disponíveis, como o estudo dos melhores níveis de cada fator para cada resposta, otimização de várias respostas simultaneamente, análise dos fatores não controlados e a criação de modelos preditivos. A combinação de todos estes métodos permite uma maior compreensão do processo de desenvolvimento e fornece novas técnicas auxiliares, ajudando a atingir as caraterísticas pretendidas do produto muito mais eficientemente.
The pharmaceutical industry is one of the most innovative and regulated activities, and the delivery of the therapeutic components with the desired quality is one of the biggest concerns in pharma R\&D. In order to ensure that the final quality of the drug products is a focus in all stages of the development, the regulatory agencies have encouraged the companies to adopt quality by design principles, which promotes more knowledge about the process and allows to reduce the required resources, and ultimately to make the healthcare more affordable for everyone. In this work, it is analyzed the experimental data of the production process of a complex generic drug, being currently developed by Bluepharma - Indústria Farmacêutica. These products are known for implying an additional effort as their development comprises harder tasks compared to conventional drugs. Besides, in this problem, six different responses, both discrete and continuous ones, are expected to be simultaneously optimized. A new method to identify active effects in screening experiments is proposed, involving the use of stepwise regression with the enforcement of effects heredity, generalized linear models and corrected Akaike information criterion validation. This approach is simpler than the same-purpose ones suggested in the literature and it was found to perform much better than the standard techniques executed usually in the pharmaceutical industry.Besides, some other procedures are considered to retrieve important information from the available data, such as the study of the best levels of each factor for each response, optimization of multiple responses simultaneously, analysis of non-controlled factors, and creation of predictive models. The combination of all these methods provides a better understanding of the development process and make available new auxiliary techniques, aiding to achieve the targets much more efficiently.
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Wang, Wei. "Quality-driven cross layer design for multimedia security over resource constrained wireless sensor networks". 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1933031681&sid=9&Fmt=2&clientId=14215&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2009.Title from title screen (site viewed March 2, 2010). PDF text: ix, 110 p. : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 3 Mb. UMI publication number: AAT 3386564. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.
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Chan, Ya Teng y 詹亞騰. "The Design of a High Quality Editing Environment Generating System Based on Model-Driven Technologies". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12604349334697226103.
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碩士國立政治大學
資訊科學學系
97
In recent years more and more fields of applications began to use DSLs(Domain Specific Language) to solve their problems. However, most of these languages were created without accompanying high-quality language specific editors(LSE) to help increase the productivity of the language. The reason for the lack of such tools is mostly economic consideration: because of the very high cost of developing a LSE from scratch, it is not worthwhile to invest a LSE on a less frequently used language. To avoid developing an LSE from scratch, however, most present tool platforms such as Eclipse, IDEA or NetBeans have offered required editor frameworks and APIs to help developers to be able to build LSEs on these platform more quickly and easily. Even so, however, it is still thought hard to develop a LSE by way of platform support since developers need a long and steep learning before they can get adept at a platform and, moreover, the process of developing a LSE remains long, tedious and error-prone. Accordingly, to enable even quicker development of LSEs, we proposed and have developed in this paper a high quality editing environment generating system called EGOE II, which follows the MDA approach and is the refactoring and enhancement of our previous prototype EGOE system. With EGOE II, the developer need only offer an editor-specific specification of the target language, which includes the grammar and editor-related customization informations; he can then apply to it the model translator and program templates provided by the system to automatically produce a high-quality editor on Eclipse platform for the target language.
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Hanbidge, Michelle. "Proposed Strategies for Incident Information Flow, Organizational Learning, and Incident-driven Quality Improvement in Health Care". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/42878.
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Every year, tens of thousands of patients in North America die from preventable errors. Incident learning can decrease this number, but is not currently reaching its full potential in health care. The goal of this research was to propose strategies to effectively report and learn from incidents to drive quality improvement. A detailed literature review, focus groups, in-depth interviews, and thematic analysis were used to identify potential process improvement strategies from aviation and nuclear power and assess these strategies for feasibility and desirability in health care. This work was guided by World Health Organization recommendations and Rasmussen’s risk management framework. An extensive list of strategies to address existing shortcomings was ultimately proposed for consideration in health care. These strategies can serve as guidelines to proactively improve incident learning processes. This should help create more effective systems and in turn, improve patient safety.
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"Evaluating the Performance of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Certified Facilities using Data-Driven Predictive Models for Energy and Occupant Satisfaction with Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)". Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.36392.
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abstract: Given the importance of buildings as major consumers of resources worldwide, several organizations are working avidly to ensure the negative impacts of buildings are minimized. The U.S. Green Building Council's (USGBC) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system is one such effort to recognize buildings that are designed to achieve a superior performance in several areas including energy consumption and indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The primary objectives of this study are to investigate the performance of LEED certified facilities in terms of energy consumption and occupant satisfaction with IEQ, and introduce a framework to assess the performance of LEED certified buildings.
This thesis attempts to achieve the research objectives by examining the LEED certified buildings on the Arizona State University (ASU) campus in Tempe, AZ, from two complementary perspectives: the Macro-level and the Micro-level. Heating, cooling, and electricity data were collected from the LEED-certified buildings on campus, and their energy use intensity was calculated in order to investigate the buildings' actual energy performance. Additionally, IEQ occupant satisfaction surveys were used to investigate users' satisfaction with the space layout, space furniture, thermal comfort, indoor air quality, lighting level, acoustic quality, water efficiency, cleanliness and maintenance of the facilities they occupy.
From a Macro-level perspective, the results suggest ASU LEED buildings consume less energy than regional counterparts, and exhibit higher occupant satisfaction than national counterparts. The occupant satisfaction results are in line with the literature on LEED buildings, whereas the energy results contribute to the inconclusive body of knowledge on energy performance improvements linked to LEED certification. From a Micro-level perspective, data analysis suggest an inconsistency between the LEED points earned for the Energy & Atmosphere and IEQ categories, on one hand, and the respective levels of energy consumption and occupant satisfaction on the other hand. Accordingly, this study showcases the variation in the performance results when approached from different perspectives. This contribution highlights the need to consider the Macro-level and Micro-level assessments in tandem, and assess LEED building performance from these two distinct but complementary perspectives in order to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the actual building performance.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Engineering 2015
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Dai, Zefu. "Appliction-driven Memory System Design on FPGAs". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/43538.
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Moore's Law has helped Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) scale continuously in speed, capacity and energy efficiency, allowing the integration of ever-larger systems into a single FPGA chip. This brings challenges to the productivity of developers in leveraging the sea of FPGA resources. Higher level of design abstractions and programming models are needed to improve the design productivity, which in turn require memory architectural supports on FPGAs. While previous efforts focus on computation-centric applications, we take a bandwidth-centric approach in designing memory systems. In particular, we investigate the scheduling, buffered switching and searching problems, which are common to a wide range of FPGA applications. Despite that the bandwidth problem has been extensively studied for general-purpose computing and application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) designs, the proposed techniques are often not applicable to FPGAs. In order to achieve optimized design implementations, designers need to take into consideration both the underlying FPGA physical characteristics as well as the requirements from applications. We therefore extract design requirements from four driving applications for the selected problems, and address them by exploiting the physical architectures and available resources of FPGAs. Towards solving the selected problems, we manage to advance state-of-the-art with a scheduling algorithm,
a switch organization and a cache analytical model. These lead to performance improvements, resource savings and feasibilities of new approaches for well-known problems.
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Margarido, Ricardo Jorge Ferreira. "Data-driven process improvement in the pharmaceutical industry". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/86199.
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Trabalho de Projeto do Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Biomédica apresentado à Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaThe use of data driven approaches to improve processes in the pharmaceutical industry is still an under explored opportunity. Given the availability of large amounts of unprocessed raw data from formulations and manufacturing conditions of a product, there is a possibility to improve these processes by taking the most out of it.In the present work, this endeavour is pursued, by considering the case of improving the formulation for drug release through a polymeric matrix, namely the stability of this matrix throughout its storage time. All the activities were carried out at Bluepharma Indústria Farmacêutica S.A.The work developed begins by collecting and cleaning all the available data. Once all data is prepared, it is explored, both visually and analytically, to extract any relevant patterns of variation, check their quality and find out which variables mostly influence the outcome of the product.Once the most important features are identified, the process is modelled using latent variable frameworks, such as Principal Components Regression (PCR) and Partial Least Squares (PLS).Finally, the model is inverted in order to provide a set of values for the used features that, when applied, can result in an improvement to the product’s quality. Guidelines regarding how to structure, integrate and analyse the collected data are also given, in order to implement this approaches more efficiently in the future. A quick perspective on the evolution of these approaches is also presented.
O uso de abordagens que exploram o potencial de informação contida nos dados para melhoria de processos na indústria farmacêutica é uma prática ainda pouco comum. Dada a disponibilidade de um grande volume de dados por processar provenientes de formulações e condições de fabrico de produtos já existentes, existe hoje em dia a possibilidade de usar toda esta informação para melhorar os processos associados.Neste trabalho procura-se avançar neste sentido, no âmbito do desenvolvimento de uma melhor formulação para a libertação de fármacos através de uma matriz polimérica, nomeadamente no que diz respeito à estabilidade dessa mesma matriz ao longo do tempo quando armazenada. Todo o trabalho foi desenvolvido na Bluepharma Indústria Farmacêutica S.A.As atividades começaram pela recolha de dados, sua integração e a limpeza. De seguida foi feita uma análise exploratória dos mesmos para que se averiguasse a sua qualidade, identificassem padrões dominantes e analisasse a influência que certos parâmetros poderiam ter no resultado final.Identificadas as variáveis mais críticas, procedeu-se à construção de modelos empíricos que potenciem a melhor explicação dos dados utilizados e os seus resultados. Em particular, foram exploradas metodologias baseadas em variáveis latentes, como a regressão dos componentes principais (PCR) e mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS).Por último, depois de obtido um modelo bem ajustado, procedeu-se á sua inversão de maneira a obter as condições de operação que, quando aplicadas, possam resultar numa melhoria na qualidade do produto a ser desenvolvido.Para além deste importante resultado são também dadas recomendações de como estruturar, integrar e analisar os dados recolhidos para que o uso destas abordagens se torne mais ágil.São também dadas recomendações de como estruturar, integrar e analisar os dados recolhidos para que o uso destas abordagens se torne mais ágil. É também apresentada uma perspectiva relacionada com o futuro destas aplicações.