Tesis sobre el tema "Psychotropes – Chez la personne âgée"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 50 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Psychotropes – Chez la personne âgée".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Servant-Marcucci, Sophie. "Sujets âgés douloureux : étude de 183 patients hospitalisés consécutivement dans un service de médecine gériatrique". Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2M118.
Texto completoCorvaisier, Mathieu. "Intérêts et place de la Pharmacie Clinique vis-à-vis du parcours de soins de la personne âgée traitée par psychotropes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Angers, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ANGE0005.
Texto completoWith one in two people aged 70 and over using at least one psychotropic drug, national recommendations were published in 2007. Despite this, the management of this public health issue in everyday practice remains complex. The many healthcare professionals involved are struggling to limit the misuse of these therapies. The clinical pharmacist plays an important role in optimizing the management of these patients and also helps to prevent, intercept or correct any problems that may arise and to prevent drug iatrogenicity. The aim of this thesis was to identify the different interests of clinical pharmacy in the care pathway of older adults treated with psychotropic drugs. We first conducted a meta-analysis that confirmed the risks associated with the use of potentially inappropriate psychotropic medications in older adults. To understand why these risks persist despite guidelines, we conducted two separate qualitative studies of the difficulties encountered by a team of geriatric doctors and nurses, and by dispensing pharmacists. Given the association between potentially inappropriate psychotropic medication and the risk of falls, we also conducted a quasi experimental study of the impact of the clinical pharmacist involved in a multidisciplinary falls prevention program on the risk of recurrent serious falls in older adults. The results of these various studies have enabled us to understand the difficulties faced by healthcare professionals when dealing with the use of psychotropic medications in older adults. They have also enabled us to understand the role of clinical pharmacists in improving their care pathways from a range of clinical, educational and research perspectives
Etchepare, Fanny. "Etude du respect des recommandations de prescription et d'utilisation des médicaments psychotropes chez les sujets âgés en France". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0200/document.
Texto completoDespite a high frequency of use and a tendency to present with adverse events of drugs, few studies assessed compliance with guidelines related to proper use of psychotropic drugs in the older population. The aim was to assess the patterns of psychotropic drugs use in this population, as well as the compliance with French guidelines. Two population samples were included, a clinical sample of older psychiatric inpatients and a sample of the older general population using claims database of the national health insurance. In clinical population, compliance with guidelines was rather good, with prescription of a short half-life benzodiazepine in nearly three quarters of prescriptions and adequate dosage in nearly two third of cases. However, treatment discontinuation was never specified at the time of treatment initiation and rhythm of prescription was discontinuous in only one third of cases. In the older general population, duration of antidepressant treatment and biological monitoring was appropriate in only 20 % of patients, whereas nearly three quarters of subjects initiating a benzodiazepine treatment were treated over an appropriate duration. However, less than half of them had received a benzodiazepine anxiolytic of short half-life. The assessment of the impact of practice guidelines publication found no improvement of psychotropic drugs use. Other interventions should accompany guidelines publication in order to underline the importance of proper use of drugs, particularly antidepressant treatment duration and use of short half-life benzodiazepine drugs
Attoh, mensah Kouakou. "Risques de chutes et de troubles cognitifs consécutifs à la consommation de certains médicaments chez les seniors : approche translationnelle Psychotropic Polypharmacy in Adults 55 Years or Older: A Risk for Impaired Global Cognition, Executive Function, and Mobility Adverse Effects of Anticholinergic Drugs on Cognition and Mobility: Cutoff for Impairment in a Cross-Sectional Study in Young-Old and Old-Old Adults : Chronic tramadol administration impairs reversal learning in a touchscreen-based visual discrimination task in mice". Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC427.
Texto completoPsychotropic drugs and drugs with anticholinergic properties (anti-muscarinics) have been associated with risks of falls and cognitive impairment in the elderly. Our work aimed at improving knowledge about the role of these drugs in gait and cognitive impairment. We first showed that daily consumption of 2 or more psychotropic drugs per day and / or only 1 drug with anticholinergic properties, regardless of its anticholinergic burden, is associated with impaired scores on gait and cognitive test in a population of seniors from the age of 55 years. With regard to drugs with anticholinergic properties, these adverse effects were more pronounced in people aged 75 years or older. Executive functions were the severely affected by these drugs consumption. We have also shown that among the most prescribed drugs with anticholinergic properties, the consumption of tramadol, a level 2 analgesic, was the most associated with harmful effects on gait and cognition. However, it is difficult to ascertain that these observed adverse effects are solely driven by the consumption of tramadol due to the polypharmacy in this population. To identify the drugs most at risk, animal studies, in which the administration of drugs can be controlled, may be of great interest. Hence, as a second step, we showed that the chronic administration of tramadol impairs executive functions as measured by cognitive flexibility in young adult mice. Altogether these results should alert physicians on the fact that it is crucial to reduce polypharmacy of psychotropic drugs as well as the prescription of all types of drugs with anticholinergic properties. Alternative treatments should be prioritized as soon as possible. With regard to tramadol, these results suggest the need to strengthen the measures taken recently to combat the misuse of this analgesic
Mithout, Catherine Nathalie. "Consommation des médicaments psychotropes chez le sujet âgé en long séjour". Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M034.
Texto completoValentin, Eric. "La chute chez la personne âgée". Caen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CAEN3122.
Texto completoLaroze, Nadine. "Hypothyroïdie de la personne âgée". Caen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CAEN3096.
Texto completoBouchard, Danielle R. "Obésité et capacité physique chez la personne âgée". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2790.
Texto completoLarigauderie, Laurence. "Etat confusionnel aigu chez la personne âgée hospitalisée". Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2M013.
Texto completoGratadou, Danielle. "Hypertension artérielle systolique de la personne âgée". Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M112.
Texto completoPolard, Laurence. "Les neuropathies périphériques d'étiologie indéterminée chez la personne âgée". Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M190.
Texto completoGurruchategui, Laurence. "La fibrillation auriculaire chez la personne âgée en institution". Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M219.
Texto completoPrudhomme, Edith. "Contribution à une étude clinique et biologique des dysnatrémies du sujet agé". Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20076.
Texto completoRolland, Yves. "Activité physique, performances fonctionnelles et santé chez la personne âgée". Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30004.
Texto completoEffective interventions such as physical activity leading to disability prevention in the elderly are a public health priority. Disability outcome measures should ideally include objective measures such as physical performance tests. This work demonstrates the test-retest reliability of a new walking test (the 400-m usual pace walk test), the association between calf circumference and muscle-related disability and the predictive value of the short physical performance battery on mortality. Physical activity appears to be an effective strategy to delay disability. This work adds further evidence, especially in the frail elderly population (patients with Alzheimer's disease, obesity or malnutrition) of its health benefits
Dertheil, Sylvia. "Prévalence de l'infection à Helicobacter Pylori chez la personne âgée". Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2M047.
Texto completoDavid, Élisabeth. "Psychogenèse de la perte de la marche chez la personne âgée". Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081773.
Texto completoBergua, Valérie. "La routinisation chez les personnes âgées : entre adaptation et vulnérabilités". Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21266.
Texto completoThis study investigates the routinization in the elderly, defined as the performance of specific activities in the same manner over time, concerning environmental, behavioral, and social contexts. Integrating both adaptation and vulnerability dimensions, the literature involved in the development of this concept is analyzed and discussed as a general model of disability. Based on a sample of 235 participants from the PAQUID study, we then analyze the associations between preferences for routines and diverse vulnerability factors. The concepts of routinization and functional incapacities are compared, followed by an examination of the impact of preferences for routines on specific vulnerability factors, and an analyze of distinct profiles of routinization. The results of this study are discussed relative to different dimensions of the routinization, methodological limits and its implications for both clinical and public health efforts
Le, Quellec Sandrine. "Etat émotionnel et mobilisation des ressources cognitives chez la personne âgée". Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR2022.
Texto completoTallon, Guillaume. "Applications cliniques d'analyses dynamiques des fluctuations posturales chez la personne âgée". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON14006/document.
Texto completoIn France, aging is a major public health challenge. Specific aging-associated physiologic modifications can produce movement disorders and lead to dependency and institutionalization in nursing homes. Clinical examination of postural deficits is generally achieved by means of stabilometric evaluation. Recordings of center of pressure (COP) displacements can be analyzed in two ways : (i) a classical approach based on kinematics and descriptive statistics or (ii) a dynamical approach which provides a quantification of the complexity of COP time series in terms of regularity. In this work, we statistically show the complementarity of these two approaches. We also highlight the clinical interest of the dynamical approach with two clinical studies : (i) an exploration of the relationship between a functional test and postural evaluation in asymptomatic sedentary older women ; (ii) a comparison of institutionalized elderly non-fallers and fallers based on a dynamical analysis of COP fluctuations
Bonin-Guillaume, Sylvie. "Etude clinique et comportementale du ralentissement psychomoteur chez le sujet âgé dépressif". Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX20655.
Texto completoPsychomotor retardation (PMR) is a fundamental feature of depressive illness but also atypical clinical presentations of depression in the elderly. It is poorly recognized because of the common confusion with age-related slowing. We hypothesized that PMR associated to depression differed from normal aging. We performed two reaction time experiments using an additive factor analysis in healthy and depressed old individuals. Age-related slowing affects all the central nervous system information processing stages while only response-selection and motor-adjustment stages are functional targets prolonged by depression. As in younger adults, depression spares stimulus preprocessing in old individuals. Then, we validated the Retardation Rating Scale (RRS) in 165 old inpatients (107 were depressed). The RRS, an objective tool that measures psychic and motor aspects of PMR, shows good psychometric properties and allows a better detection of depression than standard depression scales in this geriatric sample. We also validated a short version of the RRS, considering the four most relevant items. The identification and the measure of the PMR in geriatric depression will improve our knowledge about neurobiological pathways underlying depressive illness, the treatment efficacy evaluation and the detection of depression in the elderly
Grivel, Ducottet Claudie. "Le refus alimentaire chez la personne âgée et son placement en institution". Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/grivel_c.
Texto completoThe study in the elderly of their specific troubles in feeding behaviour has reinforced the idea that such a state is far from unusual and is rather specific to people of an advanced age. The refusal of food in elders is often analysed as the expression and/or the consequence of somatic or psychiatric disease. However, its observation outside of any medical context, has led us to try to understand the emergence and the meaning of this behaviour, which worsens after institutionalisation of elderly people. In researching causality, we have found that placement in an institution, which often occurs in an emergency situation and sometimes without the approval of the concerned person, seems to play a major role in the transition from disorder to denial. This correlation between behaviour and institutionalisation raises several questions. Why does this event of institutionalisation bring in some elders, an inability to face this new challenge, as if all internal resources necessary for reconstruction were annihilated, preventing any psychic adaptation and leading to death ? Is it no because the body of elderly persons becomes the necessary element, the mediator, in the violent act of refusal of food, for understanding their pain, their wish for "non-life" ? The lack of words, the violence of the refusal of food, challenge the subject's entourage. How do the health care team and the family situate themselves in this anguished relation ship ?
Bilodeau, Suzie. "L'utilisation de la prothèse chez la personne âgée amputée d'un membre inférieur". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10901.
Texto completoDespeignes, Litz-Rony. "Influence des fractures mineures sur la qualité de vie des aînés : une comparaison selon le degré de fragilité". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27599.
Texto completoDubo, Marie-Stéphanie. "La personne âgée face à la malnutrition protéino-énergétique". Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P094.
Texto completoSauvat, Lavit Frédérique. "L'antibiothérapie chez des sujets très agés institutionalisés : à propos de 219 cas". Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20139.
Texto completoKilani, Maya. "Cognition and emotion in normal aging and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis". Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX20694.
Texto completoThe great variety of emotional experience can be explained as a function of emotion-cognition interactions. Given that some cognitive aspects decline with age, in parallel to finer degrees of emotional control, the relationship between age and emotionally induced feeling states was examined. Older subjects, compared with younger participants, showed less positive affects and more negative emotions. Since neuropathological conditions, such as in degenerative diseases, present a considerable impact on brain processes, an evaluation of cognitive function and emotional reactivity was undertaken in patients with ALS, compared to matched controls. The evolution of these parameters over a one year period was assessed. ALS patients were significantly more depressed than controls, and depression increased over the study period. While there was no observable change in memory and retrieval non-frontal cognitive functions, a performance deficit linked to frontal executive processing was detected suggesting a very mild defect in cognitive function. These deficits, unlike neuromuscular function and depression, did not aggravate over the period of the study. Emotional reactivity, in spite of some variability that can be best explained in terms of the heterogeneity of patients' profiles, did not differ significantly between ALS patients and controls. The study provides evidence for a mild defect in frontal cognitive processing in ALS patients, that evolves only slowly, if at all, with time. On the contrary, the profile of emotional processing in ALS seems to be affected to some extent
Lapointe, Lucie. "Hypervigilance et anxiété en tant que perturbateur du sommeil chez la personne âgée". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2269.
Texto completoGuérin, Suzanne. "Relations entre la personnalité créatrice et l'actualisation de soi chez la personne âgée". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1992. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5344/1/000597723.pdf.
Texto completoMairet, Sandra. "Modifications musculaires et fonctionnelles induites par la gonarthrose unilatérale chez la personne âgée". Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066295.
Texto completoLaroche, Marie-Laure. "Le risque iatrogène chez la personne âgée : à propos des médicaments potentiellement inappropriés". Limoges, 2007. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/580e6e62-db59-4ce8-8927-737719362a73/blobholder:0/2007LIMO310C.pdf.
Texto completoAdverse drug reactions in older people are frequently encountered and are at times serious; the quality of geriatric prescription is thus a main issue. Potentially inappropriate drugs are medications with an unfavourable benefit/risk ratio or a questionable efficacy while other and safer therapeutic alternatives are available. We propose a list of potentially inappropriate medications for patients aged 75 years or over, adapted to the French medical practice, and established with the use of a Delphi consensus method. The list includes 34 explicit criteria established for an epidemiological purpose. Medications from this list should generally be avoided when possible in the aged. As therapeutic alternatives are put forward, the list could be considered as a prescription aid. However it should not be regarded as a unique tool for reducing adverse drug effects. Actually we have shown that inappropriate medications are not the main source of adverse effects. The number of drugs prescribed is a risk factor of both potentially inappropriate medication use and of adverse effect occurrence in the elderly. We have shown that admission to a hospital geriatric unit allows a reduction of the overall number of medications and especially that of inappropriate drugs. Our study also addresses the differing points of view between geriatricians and general practitioners. Prescription in the aged should be regarded with a particular attention and should be helped by periodical continuous medical education. Moreover, the general population awareness about this topic is to be enhanced. When regarding both epidemiological studies and elderly patient treatments, objective and subjective approaches are necessary in order to understand better drug induced iatrogenic effects and reduce their prevalence
Bujold, Andrée-Anne. "Association entre l'anxiété et le déclin cognitif chez les personnes âgées vivant dans la communauté". Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29274/29274.pdf.
Texto completoLépine, Nicolas. "Abord psychologique de la rétropulsion à début brutal chez les personnes âgées". Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/lepine_n.
Texto completoBrutal onset retropulsion is a postural disturbance specific to old age, which is studied here in its psychic aspects. Retropulsion provokes questions on their mortality in affected persons, during a period which they interpret as a psycho-social collapse. A rehabilitation programme is the most appropriate and effective treatment because the specialised approach of the Physiotherapist encourages work on a practical physical level, removing the tangle of morbid implications associated with the symptom. The physical improvement progresses alongside a repression of the imagined fears, a repression necessary in order to allow the sufferer to distance themselves from the subconscious motivations activated at the moment of the appearance of the retropulsion. Retropulsion as a defence mechanism can be recognised as an updating of the archaic reactions previously used during the development of the Inner Personality, this entity psychic feeling threatened at the moment of the postural disturbance
Zaguedoun, Myriam. "La Conviction délirante au fil du temps". Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070080.
Texto completoWe treat essentially the field of the apparition late in life of delusions. Old age, which is an important crossroads in life, is also the period of an economic redistribution of investments. Even if they appear tardily, delusions, whether insane or not, are not systematically synonymous with a psychotic state. They show confusion and unreal speech, that we hesitate to call "delusions". The delusional conviction dulls with age, and we observe a levelling of beliefs and unreal productions. This last point might enable us to put into question, either the definition of delusion itself, or what we use to call delusional ideas of elderly people. Only clinical medecine could give us some clarifications on these delusional uncertainties we observe daily. We show with evidence that we do have to clearly define the frontier between the normal and the pathological
Cazelais, Pascale. "Le niveau d'activité physique comme déterminant de la consommation de médicaments psychotropes chez des personnes âgées autonomes une étude multi-cohortes". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0018/MQ46714.pdf.
Texto completoPayet, Marianne. "Supplémentation en acide docosahexaénoi͏̈que d'origine aviaire : études chez la personne âgée et le sportif". Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX20656.
Texto completoDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid from the omega 3 family. DHA reduces risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, and has positive effects on neurological diseases. In most studies, the origin of DHA is triacylglycerols from fish oil. The originality of our two clinical studies is to bring DHA in the form of egg phospholipids, and to a dose close to the French Recommended Dietary Allowances. In the first study, during 9 months, 24 elderly have consumed desserts made with egg yolk powder enriched in DHA (150mg/d of DHA). The levels of DHA and unexpectively that of arachidonic acid increased in plasma and erythrocyte membranes. Hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) decreased. Visual acuity was measured at 0, 10 and 15 months on ten elderly. Visual acuity of men increased between 0, 10 and 15 months, while that of women decreased between 0 and 10 months, then plateaued. The second study, involved two groups of sportsmen. The "DHA" group consumed, during 8 weeks, pasta made with DHA enriched egg (110mg/d of DHA). While the control group consumed, during 4 weeks, pasta made with regular egg, and during 4 weeks pasta made with DHA enriched egg. In erythrocyte membranes of "DHA" group, an increase of the levels of DHA and unsaturated fatty acids was observed. On ergocycle, during the supplementation, the "DHA" group improved their VO2max, recuperation factor and oxygen pulse, their hematocrit and MCV significantly decreased. These parameters did not significantly changed in the control group. These data suggest that low doses of DHA-phospholipids can affect the regulation of lipidic metabolism, and induce physiological effects
Colobert, Briac. "Relation entre stratégie posturale et stratégie de soulever de charge chez la personne âgée". Rennes 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN20029.
Texto completoThis work presents severals new contributions in modelisation and in the field of physical activity in the elderly. Force and equilibrium are both involved in posture and lifting. It is possible to employ index of strategies which allow to quantify those activities, in order to evaluate the possible relation between lifting and posture. To make postural evaluation easier and to evaluate load lifting, we describe two new models based on inverse geometric augmented body. The first model is able to measure ankle and hip movement and the secund model is able to identify the strategy employed during lifting. Each model only requires force plate measurements. The last part of this thesis focus on the study of the level of physical activity in elderly and its consequences on equilibrium and force. We find a relation between postural strategy and lifting strategy in elderly with a physical activity between 2-4 hours per week. Performances of the equilibrium system and those of the motor system are perhaps involved in a different level in the choice of postural strategy and lifting strategy. Our results underline the fact that even a low level of physical activity positively influences daily activities of elderly
Tavitian, Patrick. "Etat bucco-dentaire et statut nutritionnel chez la personne âgée : étude anthropologique et épidémiologique". Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX20687.
Texto completoBoucher, Guy. "Déficiences de la mémoire épisodique spatiale chez la personne âgée : étude des processus d'encodage". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1999. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3526/1/000658937.pdf.
Texto completoHansske, Henri-Arnaud. "Traitement de l'hypertension artérielle essentielle chez la personne âgée : apport de l'acupuncture : étude clinique". Lille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL2M044.
Texto completoGuéroult, Pascale. "Optimisation de la thérapeutique du flécaÎ͏̈nide chez la personne âgée par adaptation posologique individualisée". Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2B001.
Texto completoBeauchet, Olivier. "Marche, double tâche et sujet agé : de l'étude des interférences d'une tâche attentionnelle réalisée en marchant à la prédiction de la chute". Saint-Etienne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2005STET002T.
Texto completoClement-Defay, Catherine. "L'âge supérieur à 80 ans constitue-t-il un facteur déterminant des modalités de prise en charge de l'accident vasculaire cérébral : etude prospective du devenir à 6 mois". Saint-Etienne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STET6216.
Texto completoBloch, Frédéric. "Les facteurs de risque de chutes chez les sujets âgés : revue systématique de la littérature et méta-analyses en vue du développement d'un outil d'évaluation individuelle". Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT1404.
Texto completoDaumas, Lyne. "Apathie chez la personne âgée présentant un trouble neurocognitif : associations avec la fatigue, répercussions physiques et impact sur la prise de décision dans le dilemme d'exploration-exploitation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ4001.
Texto completoApathy is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurocognitive disorders. Defined as a disorder of goal-directed behavior, it manifests as a quantitative reduction in activities and relies, at least partially, on dysfunctions in reward processing and in decision-making that determine whether planned and directed actions are worth carrying out. Similarly, fatigue manifests as difficulties in initiating and maintaining activities and could share common central mechanisms with apathy. However, while we know that behaviors are affected by apathy, its repercussions in the physical dimension as well as its relationship with fatigue remain to be clarified. In particular, an investigation of how they do and do not overlap, and their impact physical capacities deserves further investigation. On the other hand, while several pieces of evidence support the idea that apathy is associated with disruptions in effort-reward-based decision-making, so far, very few studies have focused on decision making in an uncertain context, when reward values change over time and individuals have to choose between a more predictable option (exploitation) and a less certain but potentially more rewarding option (exploration). Yet, some evidence suggests that this “exploration-exploitation” decision-making could also be disrupted. Thus, the objective of this doctoral project was to identify, from decision-making to behavior, to what extent apathy is associated with fatigue, impacts physical capacities, and affects the ability to make optimal choices in a changing environment.Using self-reported questionnaires and through exploratory factor analysis, study 1, conducted in the general population, showed that the latent factors underlying the emotional and social dimensions of apathy did not include any element of fatigue, thereby suggesting that lack of emotional sensitivity and social motivation were specific to apathy. Conversely, the results highlighted overlaps between apathy and fatigue in the behavioral dimension regarding the reduction of activities, as well as in the mental/cognitive dimension. Then, this close relationship between apathy and fatigue was confirmed in patients with mild neurocognitive disorder in studies 2 and 3, where functional physical capacities were assessed. More specifically, apathetic patients reported greater levels of fatigue and exhibited increased fatigability on a sustained maximal grip strength task, in comparison to non-apathetic patients. Additionally, greater levels of apathy and fatigue were associated with a decrease in daily physical activities as well as reduced physical capacities. Taken together, these results underline the importance of assessing and treating apathy and fatigue in the context of neurocognitive disorders, and of considering their impact on physical functioning. As for study 4, using an experimental task, the results highlighted suboptimal decision-making in apathetic patients, characterized by longer response latency and excessive exploration. The latter was associated with lower performance on the neuropsychological test of mental flexibility. The possibility that apathetic patients may exhibit difficulties to flexibly adapt their responses, as well as the relevance of this paradigm as a theoretical and experimental framework, are then discussed. In conclusion, the results and research perspectives from this work contribute to a better understanding of the dysfunctions associated with apathy, helping the improvement of assessment and treatment
Drode, Magalie. "La maladie cœliaque chez les personnes âgées : à propos de 5 cas". Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M114.
Texto completoBuatois, Séverine. "Facteurs de prédiction des chutes chez les personnes âgées : relation entre qualité du contrôle postural et risque de chutes". Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0187_BUATOIS.pdf.
Texto completoA poor postural stability in older people is associated with an increased risk of falling. Posturographic and clinical tool have widely been used to assess balance control; however their value in predicting falls remains unclear. The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the predictive value of posturography in the estimation of the risk of falls, including a comparison with standard clinical balance tests, in healthy non-institutionalized persons aged over 65. Postural control was evaluated by posturographic static and dynamic tests and Sensory Organization Test (SOT) and by clinical balance tests (Timed «Up & Go» test, One-Leg Balance, Sit-to-Stand-test) in 206 elderly subjects. Subsequent falls were monitored prospectively with self-questionnaire sent every four months for a period of 24 months after the balance testing. Loss of balance during the last trial of the SOT sensory conflicting condition was the best factor to predict risk of recurrent falls and intrinsic falls. Multiple drugs use and history of falls were associated with risk of falls. Clinical balance tests, static tests and dynamic tests revealed no significant differences between the groups. In a sample of non-institutionalized older persons aged over 65, posturographic evaluation by the SOT, especially in sensory conflicting condition, appears to be a more sensitive tool to identify those at high risk of recurrent falls or risk of intrinsic falls
Pérès, Karine. "Approche épidémiologique du processus d'évolution vers l'incapacité chez le sujet âgé : description et déterminants". Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21079.
Texto completoThe ageing of the French population raises the problem of the management of the consequences of chronic diseases, expressed in terms of disability. The objective of this dissertation was to describe the different domains of disability affected in elderly people, the evolution of the disablement process in terms of progression, regression or death, and its determinants. The analyses were conducted on the PAQUID cohort, where 3777 subjects aged 65 years and over were followed-up and the Three-City study. Multi-state Markov models were used to estimate disability-free life expectancies and to study the role of diseases (dementia, diabetes, dyspnoea, obesity), but also that of individual and environmental factors (sex, education, depression, medi-social care) on the disablement process. Finally, an important decline of the prevalence of disability was observed over ten years between two generations of elderly people
Pérusse-Cavanagh, Anne-Catherine. "Investigation du biais émotionnel en fluence verbale chez des personnes âgées avec un trouble cognitif léger avec ou sans symptômes dépressifs". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23063.
Texto completoToulotte, Claire. "La chute chez la personne âgée : identification des facteurs de chutes et prévention par l'entraînement". Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL2MT04.
Texto completoAuzi, Geneviève. "Mise en place d'un protocole de prévention des thromboses veineuses profondes chez la personne âgée". Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2P057.
Texto completo