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1

Naroumbo, D. Nahendjade. "Etude psycho-sociale des projets professionnels des classes terminales au Togo". Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20071.

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La diversite des projets professionnels observables chez les jeunes a l'heure des choix a donne lieu a deux types d'explications reductri ces : soit une reduction de type sociologique representee deja par m. Halb wachs qui explique la nature du projet professionnel par la position de l'individu dans un systeme social. Soit une reduction de type psychologique expliquant la nature du projet professionnel par les caracteristiques psychologiques des sujets. Cette conception est representee par d. E. Super. Dans notre these nous voulons soutenir un point de vue interaction niste selon lequel ce n'est pas exclusivement l'une des deux positions qui determine la nature du projet professionnel mais les deux. Apres demonstration, les resultats ont confirme cette these. On note l'existence des effets significatifs d'interaction. Ces resultats conduisent a dire qu'au togo les systemes de valeurs sont differents a lome et a sokode puisque la reussite scolaire (versus l'echec scolaire) suscite des projets differents dans ces deux aires culturelles
The diversity of professional plans that one may observe among secondary school students upon completing their studies has given rise to two types of reductive explanation. The first is of a sociological nature, represented by mr. Halbwachs, and explains the nature of the profes sional plan in terms of the position of the individual within a social system. The second is of a psycho logical nature, represented by d. E. Super, and explains the nature of the professional plan in terms of the psychological characteristics of the subject. The present thesis puts forward an interactive view according to which neither one nor the other of these positions is exclusively determinative of the professional plan, but rather both together. Our research has confirmed this thesis; namely the existence of significant signs of interac tion. These findings lead to the conclusion that in togo the systems of value in lome are different from those in sokode because the scholastic suc cess (versus scholastic failure) requires different plans in these two cultural regions
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2

Notokpe, Adjo Fâa-Ny Céline. "L'image du corps chez l'adolescent en surpoids et sa famille au Togo". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCC009.

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En occident nombre de travaux sur la psychopathologie du surpoids impute à celui-ci d'être un agir somatique exprimant ou résultant d'un mal-être psychique individuel et/ou familial de l'adolescent. Un surpoids qui serait donc porte-symptôme d'une image inconsciente du corps individuel et /ou familial porteuse de fragilités narcissiques marquées (Carof, 2017 ; Sanahuja & Vicente, 2018 ; Benoît 2020). Cependant, notre étude effectuée dans un contexte socio-culturel africain tend à démontrer le contraire et permet de souligner l'importance du creuset socio-culturel d'évolution de l'adolescent en surpoids ou non dans la construction de son image du corps. De fait, l'appréhension psychopathologique occidentale du surpoids à l'instar d'autres théorisations psychopathologiques occidentales dépend de l'environnement socio-culturel d'identification, d'émergence et d'évolution du phénomène ou de la problématique. Une appréhension et des théorisations psychopathologiques du surpoids qui peuvent donc ne pas du tout faire sens dans un autre contexte socio-culturel. En effet, le surpoids dans le cadre socio-culturel africain en général et togolais en particulier est d'abord un phénomène du corps, banal à l'instar d'un corps petit, grand ou mince. Socio culturellement, le corps en surpoids est perçu comme signant un épanouissement du corps et de l'esprit traduisant santé et aisance économique. Pour décrire une personne en surpoids dans nombre de pays africains on dit d'elle qu'elle est « en forme ». Ainsi, le surpoids n'est donc pas d'emblée pathologisé voire encore moins, psychopathologisé. Il ne devient problématique du corps, et là encore que problématique pathologique médicale uniquement quand il s'agit d'une obésité de type sévère, morbide ou massive car handicapant le quotidien du sujet.C'est donc ce phénomène du corps gros, en surpoids à travers son image inconsciente du corps individuel et familial chez l'adolescent au Togo que se propose d'explorer, découvrir, décrire et analyser suivant une démarche scientifique cette présente étude. Ainsi indépendamment du surpoids mais aussi en lien avec celui-ci, nous partons de l'assertion suivant laquelle cette image du corps individuel et familial de l'adolescent en surpoids est avant tout tributaire de l'image du corps social et donc du regard social sur le corps en surpoids, sous lequel il a grandi
In the West, several studies on the psychopathology of overweight attribute it to being a somatic action expressing or resulting from an individual and/or family psychological malaise of the adolescent. Excess weight which would therefore be a symptom of an unconscious image of the individual and/or family body carrying marked narcissistic fragilities (Carof, 2017; Sanahuja & Vicente, 2018; Benoît 2020). However, our study carried out in an African socio-cultural context tends to demonstrate the opposite and allows us to underline the importance of the socio-cultural crucible of evolution of the overweight adolescent or not, in the construction of his body image. In fact, the Western psychopathological understanding of overweight, like other Western psychopathological theorizations, depends on the socio-cultural environment of identification, emergence and evolution of the phenomenon or problem. An apprehension and psychopathological theorizations of overweight which may therefore not make sense at all in another socio-cultural context. Indeed, overweight in the African socio-cultural framework in general and Togolese in particular is first and foremost a body phenomenon, banal like a small, short, tall, or thin body. Socio-culturally, the overweight body is perceived as signifying a development of body and mind reflecting health and economic well-being. To describe an overweight person in many African countries, they are said to be “in shape”. Thus, overweight is not immediately pathologized or even less psychopathologized in Africa. It only becomes a problem of the body, and again only a medical pathological problem when it is a case of severe, morbid, or massive obesity because it handicaps the subject's daily life and health.It is therefore this phenomenon of the fat, overweight body through its unconscious image of the individual and family body among adolescents in Togo that this present study proposes to explore, discover, describe, and analyze following a scientific and psychological approach. Thus, independently of overweight but also in connection with it, we start from the assertion that this image of the individual and family body of the overweight adolescent is above all dependent on the image of the social body and therefore of the social gaze about the overweight body, under which the adolescent grew up
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3

Gbebe, Komi Mawouli. "Éducation inclusive et dignité de l’enfant en situation de handicap : étude ethnographique auprès des Éwés du Togo". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BORD0490.

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Comment définir une éthique fondée sur la dignité de l'enfant en situation de handicap pour favoriser le développement de l'éducation inclusive en Afrique et plus spécialement dans des contextes traditionnellement discriminants comme la communauté éwé au Togo, où le sujet handicapé est qualifié de « corps vivant malformé » et exclu ? Quelles sont les sources des discriminations ? Quels sont les facteurs à promouvoir ? Les enjeux principaux de la thèse sont liés à l'identification des processus de stigmatisation en contexte traditionnel éwé, à une redéfinition du concept de « dignité » et à un éclairage des processus de l'éducation inclusive. Ils sont aussi relatifs aux mécanismes de transfert de ces processus dans les pratiques sociopolitiques et à l'inclusion socioprofessionnelle des personnes en situation de handicap. Autrement dit, cette thèse vise à démontrer que face à la personne en situation de handicap, la dignité de son corps peut l'emporter sur sa déficience, de sorte que l'expression « Tohↄsu » ou « corps vivant malformé » se vide de son sens. L'utilisation de cette expression devient une injure. Quelle perception de l'éducation et de l'homme fonde ces perspectives ? L'anthropologie appliquée au champ de l'éducation (méthodes ethnographiques et la casuistique), fournira un cadre pertinent pour essayer de saisir une vision dynamique de l'humain en lien avec les principes de l'éducation inclusive et qui contraste avec le stigmate réifié dans la langue et réifiant. Des entretiens seront conduits auprès de notre population cible : élèves et enfants porteurs de handicap, parents de sujets, institutions publiques, personnes et/ou Associations et Organisations non gouvernementales œuvrant dans le domaine du handicap, de l'intégration sociale, de la promotion de la dignité humaine et dans le domaine de l'éducation inclusive au Togo
How to define an ethic based on the dignity of children with disabilities to promote the development of inclusive Éducation in Africa, especially in traditionally discriminatory contexts such as the Ewe community in Togo, where the disabled subject is qualified as a 'malformed living body' and excluded ? What are the sources of discrimination ? What are the factors to be promoted ? The main issues of the thesis are related to the identification of stigmatization processes in traditional Ewe context, to a redefinition of the concept of 'dignity' and to a clarification of the processes of inclusive Education. They are also related to the mechanisms of transfer of these processes into socio-political practices and the socio-professional inclusion of people with disabilities. In other words, this thesis aims to demonstrate that, when faced with a person with a disability, the dignity of his or her body can take precedence over his or her disability, so that the expression 'Tohↄsu' or 'malformed living body' becomes meaningless. The use of this expression becomes an insult. What perception of Education and of the human being underpins these perspectives ? Anthropology applied to the field of Education (ethnographic methods and casuistry), will provide a relevant framework for trying to grasp a dynamic vision of the human in relation to the principles of inclusive Education and which contrasts with the stigma reified in language and reifying. Interviews will be conducted with our target population : pupils and children with disabilities, parents of disabled subjects, public institutions, persons and/or Associations and Non-Governmental Organizations working in the field of disability, social integration, promotion of human dignity and in the field of inclusive Education in Togo
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4

Lawson, Dossou Louise. "Représentations sociales de la déficience mentale propres aux éducateurs prenant en charge des enfants déficients mentaux d’un IMPP au Togo". Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN1478.

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Notre étude porte sur un décalage observé entre la conscience des intentions exprimées par des éducateurs togolais ayant en charge des enfants déficients intellectuels et IMC et la cohérence de leurs pratiques éducatives. Elle a donc pour but d’objectiver les représentations sociales ethniques de la déficience propres aux éducateurs spécialisés prenant en charge des enfants d’un IMPP du Togo, pays africain connaissant deux siècles de présence occidentale. Les personnes déficientes ont de tout temps suscité répugnance et peur dans la plupart des sociétés. L’Occident les avait éliminées, rejetées, ou surprotégées. Par la suite, ce rejet a été suivi par une ambivalence qui avec les progrès scientifiques a abouti depuis des décennies à leur éducation. La personne déficiente est éduquée pour une meilleure intégration, même si parfois les représentations archaïques refont encore surface. En Afrique sub-saharienne, l’enfant déficient encore éliminé, reste une créature inhumaine. Au Togo, il est chez la plupart des ethnies, monstre, diable, bon diable et quelques rares fois, dieu. Ni le Christianisme, ni l’Islam n’ont pu ébranler ces ethnothéories concernant la déficience mentale. L’objet principal de notre étude porte sur le rapport entre la double référence des éducateurs et le décalage que l’on peut constater entre leurs intentions et leurs pratiques. Des éducateurs qui « ne peuvent nier leur culture », comprennent et semblent approuver les pratiques traditionnelles malgré un discours très techniciste au niveau des typologies de la déficience mentale. Pour eux les causes de la déficience restent toujours surnaturelles. La double référence en effet, engendre chez une partie des éducateurs un rejet et chez d’autres une ambivalence. Ou encore elle crée chez ces éducateurs, compatissants ou non, un décalage entre un savoir professionnel et des attitudes négatives envers les enfants déficients mentaux qui seront sans doute éliminés à moins d’être « un peu sauvés » par une religion monothéiste
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5

Nelson, Andrew A. "Too Pretty for Homework: The Academic Correlates of Sexualized Gender Stereotypes Among Adolescent Girls". UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/115.

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Girls grow up in a culture of ubiquitous female sexualization, and this culture propagates stereotypes that could interfere with their academic outcomes. The current study examined the academic correlates of these sexualized gender stereotypes (SGS) among early adolescent girls. Girls (N = 99) aged 11 to 14 (Mage = 12.4 years, SD = .57 years) completed a survey assessing their academic performance, attitudes, and beliefs. The survey also assessed the degree to which girls believed that boys and girls should act in accordance with these sexualized gender stereotypes. Results indicated that higher endorsement of sexualized gender stereotypes was associated with lower academic performance, more negative academic attitudes, and less adaptive approaches to learning. Implications for girls’ academic trajectories are discussed.
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6

Harper, Jocelyn R. ""Please do not lean on the computer it has feelings too" the relationships transferred by humans to technology /". Access electronically, 2007. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20080904.120259/index.html.

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7

Norén, Jennie y Karin O'Mahony. "Att vara kvinna i en mansdominerad bransch : En intervjustudie om kvinnliga sjömäns upplevelser av kulturell exkludering". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-177701.

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Sjömansyrket har länge varit mansdominerat och det ter det sig därför intressant att undersöka de kvinnliga sjömännens subjektiva erfarenheter av att vara minoritet. Studiens syfte är att undersöka kulturell exkludering av kvinnor som minoritet i en mansdominerad bransch. Detta görs genom frågeställningarna Vilka exkluderande uttryck i sjömanskulturen upplever kvinnor till sjöss? och På vilka sätt hanterar kvinnor dessa?. Studiens datamaterial består av sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med tematiskt öppna inslag. Studien har utgått från en abduktiv ansats, det vill säga det har skett en växelverkan mellan induktion och deduktion. De teoretiska utgångspunkter som främst används behandlar organisationskultur, samhällets könsstrukturer samt strukturella effekter och copingstrategier som har identifierats i förhållande till avvikarpositionen. Resultatet visar att undersökningsdeltagarna trivs med sitt yrkesval och i många fall med branschen överlag, men att sjömanskulturen är manligt kodad vilket medför flertalet exkluderande uttryck. De exkluderande uttryck som identifieras är sjömansstereotypen, jargong, mumshaming, fysisk arbetsmiljö, uteslutning från språkliga praktiker, homogena chefsled samt jämställdhetsdiskursen. Utifrån studien tas en modell för en framgångsrik strategi fram, där anpassning, motstånd och socialt stöd kan ses som tre kompletterande delstrategier. En pågående förändringsprocess av kulturen i sjöfartsbranschen identifieras, vilken påverkas av att normer förändras på samhällsnivå. Detta märks särskilt genom hur Me too-rörelsen har medfört en stark förbättring av sjömanskulturen.
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8

Larsson, Marta Cristina Loureiro de Bragança Sousa Ribeiro. "Too old for work, too young for retirement: the psychosocial experience of unemployment among older adults". Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/115049.

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Larsson, Marta Cristina Loureiro de Bragança Sousa Ribeiro. "Too old for work, too young for retirement: the psychosocial experience of unemployment among older adults". Tese, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/115049.

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10

Brandão, Catarina. "O desempenho individual de dirigentes de topo da Administração Pública portuguesa: um contributo para o desenvolvimento de uma taxionomia comportamental e motivacional". Doctoral thesis, 2010. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/35073.

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Brandão, Catarina. "O desempenho individual de dirigentes de topo da Administração Pública portuguesa: um contributo para o desenvolvimento de uma taxionomia comportamental e motivacional". Tese, 2010. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/35073.

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12

Cardoso, Vera Lúcia Carvalho. "A figura paterna no nascimento de um filho prematuro: envolvimento paterno, necessidades sentidas, nível de stress parental, estratégias de coping e sentimentos associados face a todo o processo que envolve a prematuridade". Dissertação, 2013. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/110815.

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Cardoso, Vera Lúcia Carvalho. "A figura paterna no nascimento de um filho prematuro: envolvimento paterno, necessidades sentidas, nível de stress parental, estratégias de coping e sentimentos associados face a todo o processo que envolve a prematuridade". Master's thesis, 2013. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/110815.

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14

Mariano, João Miguel Lourenço de Oliveira. "Too old for technology?: age stereotypes and technology use by older adults". Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/24142.

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Older adults are less likely to use information and communication technologies, limiting their ability to live independently in an increasingly digital world. Despite being stereotyped as lacking technological competence, the influence of age stereotypes on older adults’ use behaviours remains largely understudied. This work aimed to investigate whether and how age stereotypes determine technology use in late adulthood. According to stereotype threat theory, the fear of confirming negative stereotypes about their age group may lead older adults to avoid using technology. Across three studies based on longitudinal and cross-sectional designs, higher levels of stereotype threat were associated with lower rates of technology use. In line with the technology acceptance model, this relationship was mediated by anxiety, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and behavioural intention. In turn, as implied by stereotype embodiment theory, the internalization of age stereotypes endorsed earlier in life into self-perceptions of ageing later in life may deter older adults from using technology. Across three studies based on longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study and the German Ageing Survey, more positive self-perceptions of ageing were associated with higher levels of technology use. Cognitive functioning mediated this relationship. By confirming the assumptions of both theories, these findings suggest that age stereotypes influence technology use in late adulthood through complementary processes. Future studies should further explore these relationships by integrating both theoretical approaches. Interventions and policies promoting positive intergenerational contact and positive views on age and ageing should thus contribute to the digital inclusion of older adults.
As pessoas mais velhas têm uma menor probabilidade de usar tecnologias de informação e comunicação, impedindo que vivam de forma independente num mundo cada vez mais digital. Apesar de serem estereotipadas como tendo menos competências tecnológicas, a influência destes estereótipos nos seus padrões de utilização permanece pouco estudada. Este trabalho pretendeu investigar se e como os estereótipos etários determinam os comportamentos de utilização de tecnologias das pessoas mais velhas. Segundo a teoria da ameaça do estereótipo, o receio de confirmar estereótipos negativos pode fazer com que os mais velhos evitem usar tecnologias. Três estudos longitudinais e correlacionais verificaram uma relação entre maiores níveis de ameaça do estereótipo e menores taxas de utilização de tecnologias, sendo esta mediada pela ansiedade, facilidade percebida, utilidade percebida e intenção comportamental de acordo com o modelo de aceitação de tecnologias. Por sua vez, segundo a teoria da incorporação do estereótipo, a internalização de estereótipos etários em autoperceções de envelhecimento pode demover os mais velhos de usar tecnologias. Três estudos longitudinais verificaram uma relação entre autoperceções de envelhecimento mais positivas e maiores níveis de utilização de tecnologias, sendo esta mediada pelo funcionamento cognitivo. Ao confirmar os pressupostos das duas teorias, estes resultados sugerem que os estereótipos etários influenciam os comportamentos de utilização de tecnologias das pessoas mais velhas através de processos complementares. Estudos futuros deverão explorar estas relações integrando ambas as teorias. Intervenções que promovam contactos intergeracionais positivos e visões positivas sobre a idade e o envelhecimento poderão contribuir para a inclusão digital deste grupo etário.
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Mascarenhas, Eduardo Miguel Alcobia. ""Want to be a leader": "- sorry, too soon": o efeito mediador da sabedoria na relação da idade com a liderança transformacional". Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/15620.

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A idade cronológica é vista desde sempre como sendo a idade critério, e é utlizada para definir amostras, regulamentos e leis. Contudo as pessoas podem apresentar o mesmo número de anos, mas diferirem em aspetos como competências, estado de saúde, percurso profissional e relações sociais. A idade cronológica é ainda vista como um critério para se ser sábio, mas na verdade a sabedoria é determinada pelas competências emocionais e cognitivas que pode provir de outras idades. Um líder sábio compreende e age da melhor forma para o bem da equipa. Assim, a liderança transformacional é uma liderança eficaz que ajuda os subordinados a mudar as suas crenças e atitudes através da consciencialização de necessidades. O presente estudo pretende descobrir em que medida a Sabedoria medeia a relação das quatro idades (Idade Cronológica, Idade Funcional, Idade Psicossocial, Fase Geral de Vida) individualmente, na liderança transformacional e nos seus estilos específicos (Carisma atribuído, Carisma comportamental, Motivação inspiracional, Consideração individualizada). A amostra foi constituída por 204 participantes, com idade cronológica entre 18- 85 (M=29.75, dp = 14.43). Os resultados demonstraram que a idade cronológica apenas é preditiva das restantes idades em estudo, contudo a sabedoria medeia a relação da idade funcional e da fase geral de vida nas práticas de liderança transformacional. Esta investigação permite desmistificar a importância dada à idade cronológica quando as capacidades físicas e cognitivas tal como, as relações laborais e pessoais são mais relevantes para se desenvolverem lideres sábios.
The chronological age is always seen as the criterion age, and is used to set sample, regulations and laws. However as people may have the same number of years, but differ in aspects such as skills, health, career and social relationships. The chronological age is still seen as a criterion to be wise, but in truth the wisdom is determined by emotional and cognitive skills that can come from other age. A wise leader understands and acts in the best way for the good of the team. Thus, transformational leadership is effective leadership that helps the subordinates to change their beliefs and attitudes through awareness of needs. The present study aims to find out if the wisdom of the four ages relationship (Chronological Age, Functional Age, Psychosocial Age and General Life Stage) mediates individually, in transformational leadership and its specific styles (Charisma attributed, Charisma behavioral, Inspirational motivation, Individualized consideration). The sample consisted of 204 participants, with chronological age between 18-85 (M = 29.75, DP = 14.43). The results showed that chronological age only predict other ages, however the wisdom mediates the relationship of functional age and general life stage in transformational leadership practices. This research allows to demystify the importance given to the chronological age when physical and cognitive capacities such as labor relations and personal are more relevant to developing wise leaders.
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