Tesis sobre el tema "Procédés solaires"
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Belghith, Mohamed. "Elaboration d'absorbeurs sélectifs solaires : optimisation de procédés et caractérisation des matériaux". Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30189.
Texto completoCalvet, Nicolas. "Stockages thermiques performants et durables pour procédés solaires : des basses aux hautes températures". Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP0002.
Texto completoDejean, Guilhem. "Valorisation de laitiers sidérurgiques comme matériaux de stockage thermique pour procédés énergétiques durables : application au CSP et au CAES". Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1252.
Texto completoElorza-Ricart, Enrique. "Génie des procédés thermochimiques solaires : application à la dissociation therlique, suivie de trempe, de l'oxyde de zinc". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPL031N.
Texto completoJannot, Yves. "Production d'eau, d'air frais et conservation des produits par des procédés solaires rustiques : possibilités d'application en zone sahélienne". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPL076N.
Texto completoDonsanti, Frédérique. "Comparaison de procédés de dépôt de couches minces semiconductrices à partir de précurseurs organométalliques : cas des réacteurs à flux alternes en phase vapeur (ALCVD) et réacteur plasma diode hors équilibre (PACVD)". Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066098.
Texto completoDi, Giacomo Laurie. "PACVD/PVD de multicouches sélectives pour la conversion thermodynamique de l'énergie solaire". Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0042.
Texto completoIn concentrated solar power (CSP) plants, solar flux is concentrated on receivers to heat a transfer fluid up to 600°C. In order to improve their optical properties, these receivers can be covered by multilayered spectrally selective coatings. This work is devoted to designing and developing innovative spectrally selective structures showing strong absorption (low reflectivity) in the visible and near infrared range and low emissivity (high reflectivity) in the infrared range. We developed such stacks associating a refractory metal with high IR reflectivity and a ceramic which improves absorption in the visible range and thermal stability. The coatings were synthesized by plasma techniques, combining PACVD and PVD. Pre-industrial process feasibility, its development and optimization through the design of an innovative reactor, layer deposition and characterization, their combination in efficient optically selective stacks and the study of their aging have been achieved
Tsin, Fabien. "Développement d'un procédé sur grande surface d'électrodépôt d'oxyde de zinc comme contact avant transparent et conducteur de cellules solaires à base de Cu(In,Ga)Se2". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066311/document.
Texto completoCu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) thin films based solar cells are a promising technology for high efficiency energy conversion. A window layer completes the stack of the cell. It is commonly constituted by an intrinsic and aluminum doped bi-layer of zinc oxide (ZnO) deposited by magnetron sputtering, an expensive vacuum process. Alternative processes, using low cost and atmospheric techniques, have been developed in order to reduce the costs. The aim of this work was to achieve a functional window layer of ZnO by a photo-assisted electrodeposition process on large scale substrates of CIGS/CdS in aqueous medium and replace the sputtered one. For this purpose, several studies have been carried out in order to determine the optoelectronic properties such as doping level and mobilities of the electrodeposited ZnO and optimize the deposition process. Firstly, the effect of three different electrolytes on the zinc oxide properties and doping has been studied on metallic substrate: chloride medium (Cl-), perchlorate medium (ClO4-) and a mixed medium of perchlorate with boric acid (H3BO3). Then, electrochemical synthesis of zinc oxide as window layer has been performed on CIGS/ CdS substrates. This study allowed to establish the need to synthesize an in situ seed layer which promotes the growth and the compactness of the final layer of zinc oxide. This two-step method has led to the achievement of high photovoltaic performances on large scale with promising efficiencies up to 14.3 % for a solar cell made entirely by atmospheric processes
Martins, Matthieu. "Nouveau procédé thermo-hydraulique appliqué au rafraîchissement solaire de l’habitat : analyse et optimisation thermodynamiques". Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP1020.
Texto completoIn recent years, efforts were made in developing environmental-friendly technologies. Cooling systems are one of the most apparent applications of this source of renewable energy. Indeed the use of solar energy for air conditioning allows synchronization between cooling needs and solar energy availability. This paper presents a novel solar cooling process (so-called CHV3T) using common flat plate collectors. Firstly, the performances of the process are evaluated throughout an energy balance in steady state. A modeling of the whole process is developed by using the concept of equivalent Gibbs systems to describe the dynamic behavior of all the components of the system. The main objective of the modeling is to provide a design tool for this thermal-hydraulic system. A 6 kW cooling capacity prototype coupled to 20 m² of flat plate solar collectors has been realized
Kallel, Sami. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces de silicium poly cristallin déposées par RT-LPCVD et dopées in situ au phosphore : application à la réalisation de cellules solaires par procédés thermiques rapides". Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0054.
Texto completoThe first part of this work consists on the study of silicon thin layer deposited by RT-LPCVD and doped in situ to the phosphorus in a reactor to halogens lamps and to cold-wall, from silane (SiH4) used as precursory gas and the phosphine (PH3) as doping source. We have studied these layers in a range of temperatures going from 600°C to 850°C (for a pressure of 2mbar) and we have put in obviousness the effect of the phosphine on the kinetic of deposit as well as on its physical properties (grain size, texture, residual stresses, resistivity). We have also shown that ulterior rapid thermal processing (RTA) favor an increase of the grain size, a relaxation of stresses and an improvement of the resistivity. In the second part of the work, we have applied rapid thermal processes for the realization of solar cells to weak thermal budget. In order that, we have studied and optimized each necessary stage for the realization of a such device : -1. The emitter (N+) obtained by the deposit RT-LPCVD doped in situ from (SiH4/PH3),-2. The passivation oxide obtained by rapid thermal oxidation (RTO),-3. The antireflet layer (Si3N4) deposited by RT-LPCVD from silane and the ammonia (NH3),-4. Metallic contacts deposited by evaporation. The first results obtained indicate an energy conversion of 1 0. 5%, a shortcircuit current density around 33. 5mA/cm2 and open-circuit voltage equal to 527mV
Chaibi, Zouhair. "Étude théorique et expérimentale du séchage des boues d'épuration par énergie solaire : modélisation et contrôle du procédé". Perpignan, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PERP0854.
Texto completoThis thesis is devoted to the study of a solar drier in order to control its internal temperature and humidity so as to optimize its use in mud drying by solar way. A mathematical modelhelps appreciate the evolution of the system and the influence of some parameters on the thermal behaviour of the drier. The established models helps in working out control parameters this process either as a function of temperature or humidity. These controls are useful because they make it possible to reduce the energy consumption by the extractor of the greenhouse. The result obtained are promising in view of using these controls on a real mud treatment station
Maragno, Angela. "Photo-electrochemical cells for green H2 production : a contribution to scaling up studies". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10038.
Texto completoThis PhD project focuses on the comparative study of two types of solar fuel generators: a PEC cell based on a bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) photoanode, and an integrated photoelectrochemical (IPEC) cell combining a solar cell with an electrolyser. Both devices achieve the artificial photosynthesis process of capturing solar energy and storing it in chemical bonds. The goal of the work is to identify the limiting parameters that hinder the large-scale deployment of these photoelectrochemical devices and to propose solutions in order to facilitate research in this field. Two specific scientific questions are at the heart of this research: 1. What is the impact of heterogeneities, inherent to large-scale preparation processes, on the performance of photoactive materials? 2. What role can integration play in transferring performance from the laboratory to the pilot scale? To answer the first question, an experimental parametric study was undertaken on BiVO4 photoanodes, considered as photoactive semiconductors representative for artificial photosynthesis. In parallel, in order to answer to the second question, an IPEC cell, the combination of a PK/Si tandem solar cell with a proton exchange membrane electrolyser, was realized, tested and optimized. In a second phase, this approach was followed by the design of a monolithic module, integrating 9 IPEC cells. The realization of 5 of these modules enabled the assembly of the EASI Fuel device (European Autonomous Solar Integrated fuel station) for the continuous conversion of H2 (produced under sunlight by the IPEC cells) and CO2 into CH4 within a methanogenesis Archaea-based bioreactor. Thanks to this innovative coupling, the EASI Fuel device was selected and successfully tested for 72 hours of continuous operation in total autonomy, during the final of the Horizon Prize - Fuel from the Sun: Artificial Photosynthesis competition, which took place at the end of the 2nd year of the thesis
Bounaceur, Arezki. "Interaction lit fluidisé de particules solides-rayonnement solaire concentré pour la mise au point d’un procédé de chauffage de gaz à plus de 1000 K". Paris, ENMP, 2008. http://pastel.paristech.org/5281/01/These-Bounaceur.pdf.
Texto completoAt the moment the traditional fossil energy (oil, coal. . . ) are beginning to run out, causing humanity to seek other sources of energy to meet his needs. Nature holds many sources of inexhaustible and clean energy like solar energy, biomass and wind energy. The availability of solar energy, its free and renewal encourage its collection and use. Solar energy can be collected for various uses as conducting an endothermic chemical reaction or production of electricity. The production of solar electricity is made by photovoltaic processes or by thermodynamic processes. Those have an interesting performance, but are currently limited by temperature steam cycles. One solution is to heat a gas at very high temperatures at the entrance of a gas turbine. The work presented in this report describes a process of collecting concentrated solar energy based on a change section fluidized bed. The collection of solar energy is directly through a transparent quartz window. The design of our solar receiver is based on two studies. The first enable us to cold test several transparent columns with different geometries and dimensions to optimize the distribution of particles during fluidization. This study enable us to choose the dimensions and geometry of the solar receiver. In parallel, we made a first receiver artificial illumination by infrared lamps. We have designed the receiver in RAPSODEE laboratory of the Ecole des Mines d'Albi. It helped us to verify the feasibility of the process and to have the first results of the hot fluidized bed. The solar receiver was then tested in 4. 6 m solar concentrator of PROMES-CNRS Odeillo. During our work we studied experimentally and numerically heat transfer in the fluidized bed and the influence of various physical parameters for the effectiveness of the receiver. A mathematical model of radiative transfer based on the Monte Carlo Method in 1 D was achieved. The model is used to determine the distribution of heat in the different layers of the fluidized bed and the radiative losses. We conclude for the relevance of our choice in this work and the perspectives. Key words : concentrated solar radiation, fluidized bed, hot gas, solar receiver, radiative heat transfer, Monte Carlo Method
Delaleux, Fabien. "Intensification des performances des procédés énergétiques par hybridation solaire/géothermie". Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1086.
Texto completoThe theme of the manuscript is to imagine processes combining solar and geothermal energies to improve their respective performances. Hybridization can be made from the not concentrated solar systems to the concentrated solar systems with a phase of intensification of the performances of vertical boreholes heat exchangers to move from a level to another. The first chapter deals with the coupling between geothermal and not concentrated solar energy. The aim of this part is to study the possibility of storing thermal energy produced by a solar field in the basement through borehole heat exchangers. The second part focuses on the intensification of heat transfer in low temperature geothermal energy. Different doping tests of bentonite are tested and compared. The third and last chapter is entitled coupling of geothermal and concentrated solar energy. This part joins in the context of solar thermodynamics power plants which have to resolve the double problem concerning their overall efficiency which can be improved and an important water consumption for their cooling
Lacroix, Clément. "Procédé thermo-hydraulique solaire pour le dessalement par osmose inverse". Thesis, Perpignan, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PERP0001.
Texto completoReverse osmosis is the most widely used desalination technique today, mainly because of its low specific energy consumption. Reverse osmosis processes powered by a solar energy source are more and more developed because of their energy efficiency and the solar resource availability, matching particularly with high water stress areas. In this framework, an innovative solar thermo-hydraulic desalination process is here developed. It is analyzed and evaluated with the aim of producing autonomously fresh water from brackish water compatible with the needs of a remote village.This innovative reverse osmosis desalination process exploits a low-grade temperature heat source (50-80°C), converted into hydraulic energy by a thermodynamic engine cycle in which the expansion of a working fluid directly pressurizes the brackish water. A dynamic modeling of this process has been carried out to allow an evaluation of the process whose cyclic operation is highly dynamic. A particular attention has been paid to the dynamic behavior of the membrane module, subjected to cyclic pressure variations, which has needed a specific dynamic model of the reverse osmosis module that has been experimentally validated. The behavior of the overall process has been then simulated and analyzed over few cycles first, then over a whole day with different sunshine conditions. These simulations permit to evaluate the impact of variable operating conditions, as well as the water salinity and temperature on the dynamics of the process operation. Suitable command and control strategies to maximize the performances of the thermo-hydraulic process were also established. A study on the relevant geographical areas for its implantation has also been conducted. These simulations showed that this process should produce 450 to 750 liters of fresh water per day and per unit area of the solar collector for salinities ranging from 2 to 6 g.L-1, with a specific thermal energy consumption of order of 6 kWhth.m-3 and for a cost, estimated in first approximation from the cost of a prototype currently under development, of about 8 per m3 of produced water
Rambaud, Guillaume. "Problématique des transferts en milieu poreux réactif déformable pour procédés de rafraîchissement solaire". Perpignan, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PERP0934.
Texto completoThermochemical heat transformers can be used for solar air-conditioning for individual dwelling. For safety and environmental reasons, solid gas reactions involving water are very interesting, but the working pressure is rather low (30 mbar) and could lead to a strong mass transfer limitation through the porous reactive bed. Therefore, heat and mass transfers have to be carefully characterized in such reactive bed at low pressure. Besides, the swelling and shrinking of the reactive salt modify the porous media matrix. The whole set of transfer coefficients were identified on the same sample in a single characterisation apparatus at the end of syntheses and decompositions. During these reactions, the overall kinetics and the swelling/shrinking porous media were measured. The modelling of the solid/gas reaction allowed us to estimate the cooling power and heating power of a thermochemical heat transformer
Borgogno, Remy. "Procédé thermo-hydraulique solaire appliqué à la trigénération dans le secteur résidentiel". Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0025/document.
Texto completoA new process based on thermal-hydraulic conversion actuated by low-grade thermal energy (80–110 °C) is investigated and aims at providing trigeneration energy features for the residential sector. "Thermo-hydraulic" term refers to a process involving an incompressible fluid used as an intermediate medium to transfer work hydraulically between different thermal operated components or sub-systems allowing to improve the efficiency of the energy conversion chain. A model, assuming steady-state operations, is developed to assess the energy performances of different variants of this thermo-hydraulic process as well as various pairs of working fluids. These calculations were completed by a quasi-dynamic and dynamic models allowing a better sizing of the process. Finally, an annual study was realized from the quasi-static model in order to estimate the evolution of the performances as well as its power production over a complete year of functioning. For instance, in the frame of a single-family home, located in the Mediterranean region, the working fluid pair (R1234yf/R1233zd) is investigated in detail in order to estimate the annual performances. For domestic houses, the process aims at amplifying the solar energy collected by a factor of 1.32 for heating purpose, provides a cold production with a solar COP of 0.24 and generates electricity from the remaining solar energy with an efficiency of 4.2%
Schirr-Bonnans, Martin. "Fonctionnalisation de surfaces et d'interfaces dans les cellules solaires organiques imprimées". Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO4005.
Texto completoThis work is part of a partnership between the company DISASOLAR and the University of Limoges (whose common goal is to develop. . . ) in the development of a know-how in the printing of organic photovoltaic solar cells on plastic substrates. Organic solar cells with a classic structure show certain life-time limitations due to the structure itselfs as well as to the materials used, in particular PEDOT:PSS. Thus, the first goal is to replace this interfacial polymer with metallic oxides like Tungsten, Vanadium or Molybdenum oxides. In order to do so, they are tested in cells by evaporation before being integrated via a liquid coating (sol-gel or nanoparticles dispersion) to prepare for their printing. The second goal is to adapt each step of the production process to make them compatible with a plastic substrate. To improve the reliability of the process and the cell's stability, we introduce the inverted structure. However, the performance of solar cells on plastic subtrates remains weaker than their counterparts on glass substrates. To reduce this difference, we look to the integration of dipolar layer in order to improve the charge transfer between the different materials. By carefully choosing the direction and the intensity of the grafted molecule's dipolar momentum we increase the power conversion efficiency of our solar cells on plastic substrates by up to 25%
Ratobison, Rémi Marie Hubert Élysé. "Abaques de dimensionnement et analyse technico-économique de systèmes de production d'eau et d'air chauds à chauffage partiellement solaire pour le traitement de la vanille". Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA2010.
Texto completoRisch, Lisa Carina Mareike. "Characterization of Cu2ZnSnSe4 kesterite thin film solar cells : understanding of the fundamental material properties and quality control for process optimization and monitoring". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4376.
Texto completoThe present thesis deals with the characterization of Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) kesterite thin film solar cells. Over the last years, kesterite based devices have attracted growing attention. As Cu, Sn and Zn are earth-abundant metals, the kesterite compounds are promising candidates as absorber materials for the mass production of low-cost photovoltaic devices. However, kesterite solar cells suffer from a severe open circuit voltage (Voc) deficit in comparison with other PV technologies, resulting in a significant performance gap between thin film kesterite and chalcopyrite (CIGS) based devices. Best reported efficiencies for the related CIGS thin film technology are 22.6% at cell size and 17.9% for a commercial module – very close to the performance of Si solar cells – while kesterite solar cells remain below 13% power conversion efficiency. Understanding the fundamental properties of kesterite materials and devices and solving challenges associated with their fabrication are the key to improve device performances.In the framework of this thesis, different loss mechanisms related to the low Voc values of kesterite solar cells have been identified and characterized. Two major factors are thereby observed to be responsible for the significant Voc deficit: non-radiative recombination and band tailing. These aspects are related to the presence of secondary phases and defects that have a significant impact on the pn-heterojunction. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the detection of secondary phases and defects and the role of the n-type buffer layer
Teixeira, Fernando. "Élaboration par voie solaire et caractérisation de nanomatériaux à base de Silicium". Perpignan, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PERP0582.
Texto completoThe aim of this work was to realise and test solar processes for the preparation of silicon based nanomaterials such as SiOx nanopowders and, especially, silicon thin films. Evaporation of silicon placed on ZrO2 plate and melted at the focus of a solar furnace enabled us to produce condensed amorphous SiOx nanopowders, with powder grain sizes close to 30 nm. Thermodynamic calculations could forecast constant x values which were close to 1. These SiOx nanopowders presented photoluminescence properties. Evaporation of silicon massive cylindrical samples into high vacuum solar reactors resulted in the preparation of high density amorphous silicon thin films. Temperature distributions at the surface of the silicon cylinder, measured experimentally and calculated from numerical model, were used to simulate the film growth process. SEM imaging experiments have shown that the film thickness was about 100 nm for 10 minutes of experiment with growth rate near 0. 25 nm. Min-1. XPS characterisations suggest that the films contains Si-O chemical bonds randomly distributed into an amorphous silicon matrix
Pelletier, David. "Modélisation de la cinétique chimique dans les plasmas inductifs : applications aux procédés". Grenoble INPG, 2006. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01331569.
Texto completoThe chemical equilibrium (CE), often used as a first approximation in the modeling of thermal plasma processes, does not always make it possible to explain the experimental results, in particular in the vicinity of a wall or a surface placed under the plasma jet. A numericaf tool allowing the analysis of effects related to chemical kinetics in atmospheric ICP was developed under FLUEN© and applied on a process of silicon purification by plasma. The first results show that the assumption of CE is valid within plasma, but not in the interfacial zone between the plasma and the target where a broad variation with CE was predicted. Ln addition, an experimental validation of the numerical model was carried out by a spectroscopie study of an ICP torch, and general kinetics studies through the attack of a graphite target by an Ar-02 plasma
Lahmidi, Hicham. "Stockage d'énergie solaire par procédé à sorption solide-gaz : application au chauffage et à la climatisation". Perpignan, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PERP0577.
Texto completoThe increase of the use of solar energy closely depends on the development of efficient storage processes. In this objective, solid-gas sorption processes are promising because of their high storage capacity and their specific working mode. In this thesis, the integration of a sorption process based on the use of bromide strontium as the reactant and water as the refrigerant fluid is investigated. Combined with flat plate solar collectors and direct floor heating and cooling, it makes it possible to provide a heating but also a cooling storage function. Experimental tests demonstrate the good adequacy of this process to the level of temperature involved in the solar system. The simple model presented allows a fairly good global representation of the coupling phenomena between heat and mass transfer in the reactant. Further use of this model will allow the optimization of the design of the solid-gas reactor according to a power criterion
Le, Pierrès Nolwenn. "Procédé solaire de production de froid basse température (-28°C) par sorption solide-gaz". Phd thesis, Université de Perpignan, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011253.
Texto completoNou, Julien. "Gestion optimale de l'énergie thermique dans un procédé hybride : solaire/géothermie pour le chauffage de bâtiments". Phd thesis, Université de Perpignan, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00756810.
Texto completoHaillot, Didier. "Matériaux composites à hautes performances énergétiques pour l’optimisation des chauffe-eau solaires individuels : du matériau au procédé". Perpignan, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PERP0999.
Texto completoThis thesis takes place in a partnership between the PROMES laboratory and the Saunier Duval industry, part of the Vaillant Group, with the aim of improving the performance of solar domestic hot water (SDHW) system. Potential of phase change materials (PCM) for this particular application is investigated in this study. Our approach has been to associate the study of composites (preparation and characterization) and also the analysis of the process to achieve optimal integration of the material in the system. In the first part we have elaborated and characterized composite based on compressed expanded natural graphite (CENG) and PCM in order to validate the existence of materials having the characteristics necessary for the planned feature. The second part of this work aims to quantify the performance of a SDHW which includes the composite material previously developed. A numerical approach allows us to simulate the thermal behaviour and the efficiency of such a system. Analysis of these numerical results will give rise to several conclusion and prospects
Bellanger, Pierre. "Etude d'un procédé de recristallisation de plaquettes de silicium fritté pour la réalisation de cellules solaires photovoltaïques". Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0115/these.pdf.
Texto completoToday in the field of photovoltaics the various stages of manufacture of silicon waters are prohibitively expensive, mainly due to high consumption of energy and raw materials. Approximately 50% of the silicon is lest du ring the step of sawing the ingots and among different technologies explored that avoid this step the sintering of silicon powder is highly promising for producing large-area wafers. The company S'TlLE, located in Poitiers, is developing a new two-stage wafer fabrication process comprising a sintering stage based on the compression of silicon powder, and a high temperature recrystallization stage which is necessary to obtain a crystal structure suited to the production of photovoltaic cells. In this thesis, the sample is recrystallized by ZMR (zone melting recrystallization) or FWR (full wafer recrystallization). Initially, a structural and chemical characterization of the material is made. The electrical characteristics of the material are then measured, and the mobility reaches values of 150 and 250 250 cm². V⁻¹. S⁻¹ respectively on samples recrystallized by FWR and ZMR. The p-type doping is 5 * 3 * 10¹⁶ and 10 3*10¹⁷ at/cm ³. The lifetime reaches values of about one microsecond. After the fabrication of cells, an efficiency of 8. 9% is obtained using a simplified process without texturing. Other analyses such as spectral response, thermal imaging and measurement of Suns-Voc are also carried out
De, la Torre Jérémie. "Calculs de sensibilités par méthode de Monte-Carlo, pour la conception de procédés à énergie solaire concentrée". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0139/document.
Texto completoThe decrease of the fossil energy resources and the reduction of the emissions of greenhouse effect gas are major environmental issues. In this global situation, the International Energy Agency expects that solar power will provide more than 10% of the world electricity in 2050. Significant research efforts are needed to achieve this goal. Radiative transfer is one of the main physical phenomena in solar optical concentrators and in volumetric solar receivers. In few years of closely work, the laboratories Rapsodee and Laplace developed a methodological know-how in using Monte-Carlo methods for the modeling of radiative transfer and the sensitivity computations. They have also accumulated some experience in scientific programming and algorithms optimisation. We show in this dissertation how the combination of these physicists theoretical and practical skills can meet certain needs of the community of solar concentration. We give some answers or clues to be explored to get through the remaining difficulties we encountered
Puiggali, Jean-Rodolphe. "Séchage de produits naturels : du processus au procédé". Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR10640.
Texto completoMarc, Olivier. "Étude expérimentale, modélisation et optimisation d'un procédé de rafraîchissement solaire à absorption couplé au bâtiment". Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00867005.
Texto completoBenzaama, Mohammed Hichem. "Etude du confort thermique dans l'habitat par des procédés géo-héliothermiques". Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIMS025/document.
Texto completoThis work is part of the search for energy saving solutions in the building industry while using natural and renewable sources, such as solar energy for heating and geothermal energy for refreshment. There is no need to recall that Algeria has a very large geothermal gravitational energy potential in view of its geographical position.In this thesis work, we are particularly interested in the study of thermal comfort in the case of a housing powered with a reversible hydraulic floor (heating and cooling).To carry out this study, as we can see Algeria have an important solar field and on the other hand we use an experimental system representing a real scale local. To do this, a room with a reversible hydraulic floor (heated or refreshing) is instrumented. A storage tank buried in the ground at few meters from the ground surface is used for thegeothermal refreshment during the warm periods. A service system allows us to regulate the system in heating or cooling mode. Several measuring probes used are connected to an acquisition station which is connected to a computer for monitoring of temperature évolutions.The modeling of the structure of the cell envelope is carried out under the TRNSYS software. With this, we have access to evolutions of the temperatures of the indoor air and to that of the walls. These results obtained by TRNSYS are used in a second step as input data for the FLUENT software. This allows us to model the solar spot and its influence on the heating floor under the climatic conditions of the city of Oran.After validation, numerical simulation is used to study the thermal behavior of the cell, the energy performance of the reversible floor and the calculation of the energy savings that could be achieved with such systems
Michel, Thomas. "Développement de procédés d'implantation ionique par immersion plasma pour le photovoltaïque". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4307.
Texto completoIon implantation is a major process technology for manufacturing integrated circuits. However, silicon doping by ion implantation for photovoltaics is a relatively recent application, and its growth still faces high costs of integration into solar cell production lines. Plasma-immersion ion implantation (PIII) promises to meet the future industry requirements in terms of costs and productivity.This thesis work has led to the development of processes dedicated to silicon-based solar cell manufacturing using the plasma-immersion ion implanter – PULSION® – designed by IBS. First, we show that PIII enables the realization of various doping profiles for phosphorus-doped emitters which fit the requirements of high-efficiency solar cells. Emitters thus fabricated are chemically, physically and electrically characterized to demonstrate their excellent quality. Those emitters, implanted through plasma immersion and integrated into a low cost solar cell manufacturing line from INES on monocrystalline silicon, enable to raise the conversion efficiency, obtained with conventional POCl3-diffused solar cells, by more than 0.5% absolute to reach efficiencies above 19.3%.Fabrication of p-type boron implanted emitters is also studied in order to improve conversion efficiencies of p-type silicon based solar cells, but also in order to anticipate the technological shift from p-type to n-type silicon material. Thanks to this thesis work, the strength and potential of PIII for photovoltaic applications have been proven and this has convinced IBS to design a PULSION® equipment dedicated to solar cell manufacturing
Piscopo, Antoine. "Chimie solaire et traitements photocatalytiques des eaux polluées : applications aux traitements sélectifs et exemple d'utilisation de catalyseurs supportés". Metz, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2002/Piscopo.Antoine.SMZ0202.pdf.
Texto completoPelay, Ugo. "Intégration d'un procédé de stockage thermochimique à un cycle de Rankine, sous énergie solaire concentrée (in-stores)". Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4026/document.
Texto completoThe integration of a thermal energy storage (TES) system in a concentrated solar power (CSP) plant increases the daily production time and permits to overcome solar energy’s intermittent character. Among the three types of existing thermal storage technology (sensible, latent, thermochemical), thermochemical storage receives an increasing attention in recent years. Indeed, its high energy density and its capacity to store energy without heat losses during a long period of time make it the most promising candidate for CSP application. The principal objective of this PhD dissertation is to study the innovative thermochemical storage process, to propose conceptions for its integration into a CSP plant and to optimize the CSP plant’s overall efficiency. Various methodologies were used, including energy and exergy analyses based on the first and second law of thermodynamics, dynamic numerical simulations for the operation cycle and the life cycle analysis. Three integration configurations have been firstly proposed, studied and compared based on the energy and exergy analyses. Dynamics models for individual component of the system and the CSP plant as a whole were created and tested. These simulations made it possible to carry out a comparison or the integration configurations taking into account the inertia of the components and the variable solar irradiation. Several electricity production modes have also be tested (base production, peak production). Finally, a life cycle analysis was carried out in order to compare the three integration configurations based on environmental criteria
Froger, Vincent. "Couches minces de chalcogénures de zinc déposées par spray-CVD assisté par rayonnement infrarouge pour des applications photovoltaïques". Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00797548.
Texto completoPosada, Parra Jorge Ivan. "Optimisation d'un procédé hybride de co-pulvérisation/évaporation pour l'obtention de cellules solaires à base de Cu(In,Ga)Se2". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066057/document.
Texto completoCu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells are a very promising technology for high efficiency energy conversion. Several techniques are used to synthesize CIGS absorbers. Magnetron reactive sputtering is an attractive deposition technique for depositing CIGS absorbers because of its potential for providing uniform coatings over large areas, thus offering the possibility for more competitive industrial scale-up. The objective of this work is to develop and optimize a hybrid alternative co-sputtering/evaporation CIGS deposition process. To meet this goal, various studies have been conducted to ensure control of the various deposition parameters. Initially, plasma was studied with Optical Emission Spectroscopy in order to establish correlations between plasma species and thin film composition, structure and morphology. This has allowed to establish in-situ calibration curves for monitoring the deposited layers composition and their homogeneity, and to determine the existence of different sputtering modes, linked to the selenium evaporation temperature. Then, different CIGS absorbers were synthesized with the stabilized hybrid process. These absorbers were deposited in one and three stages to analyze the influence of composition gradients on their morphological, structural and optoelectronic properties. A CIGS absorber giving a maximum conversion efficiency of 10.4 % was fabricated with a one step process. A 9.3 % efficiency solar cell was obtained with a three-stage deposition process
Posada, Parra Jorge Ivan. "Optimisation d'un procédé hybride de co-pulvérisation/évaporation pour l'obtention de cellules solaires à base de Cu(In,Ga)Se2". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066057.
Texto completoCu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells are a very promising technology for high efficiency energy conversion. Several techniques are used to synthesize CIGS absorbers. Magnetron reactive sputtering is an attractive deposition technique for depositing CIGS absorbers because of its potential for providing uniform coatings over large areas, thus offering the possibility for more competitive industrial scale-up. The objective of this work is to develop and optimize a hybrid alternative co-sputtering/evaporation CIGS deposition process. To meet this goal, various studies have been conducted to ensure control of the various deposition parameters. Initially, plasma was studied with Optical Emission Spectroscopy in order to establish correlations between plasma species and thin film composition, structure and morphology. This has allowed to establish in-situ calibration curves for monitoring the deposited layers composition and their homogeneity, and to determine the existence of different sputtering modes, linked to the selenium evaporation temperature. Then, different CIGS absorbers were synthesized with the stabilized hybrid process. These absorbers were deposited in one and three stages to analyze the influence of composition gradients on their morphological, structural and optoelectronic properties. A CIGS absorber giving a maximum conversion efficiency of 10.4 % was fabricated with a one step process. A 9.3 % efficiency solar cell was obtained with a three-stage deposition process
Tatsidjodoung, Parfait. "Procédé de stockage d'énergie solaire thermique par adsorption pour le chauffage des bâtiments : modélisation et simulation numérique". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENA012/document.
Texto completoSorption heat storage systems (SHSS) open new perspectives for solar heating of residential buildings. These systems allow long term heat storage (storage is done in the form of chemical potential) and offer high energy densities (up to 230 kWh/m3 of material on average) compared to conventional heat storage systems such as sensible heat storage (which, for the case of water, has an average energy density of approximately 81 kWh/m3 of material for a temperature change of 70 °C) and latent heat storage (nearly reaching energy densities of 90 kWh/m3 of material on average).This thesis aims to study the performance of a sorption solar heat storage system on zeolite 13X, integrated to low-energy building. Mathematical models of coupled heat and mass transfer of various components of the system are developed and validated through experimentation. Numerical dynamic simulations allow to study the functioning of the SHSS in specific conditions, and its design with the results from the parametric sensitivity analysis on its components
Nourdine, Ali. "Matériaux polymères pour cellule solaire photovoltaïque organique : vers un nouveau procédé de mise en forme par extrusion de multicouches". Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0114.
Texto completoThe performance of organic photovoltaic solar cells depends on the active layer morphology and the arrangement of the donor and acceptor. Increasing the amount of donor/acceptor interface and reducing the size of the domains optimize the photovoltaic efficiencies. A new approach could consist in using nano-multilayers of donor and acc¬¬¬eptor polymers by forced assembly. The work presented in this thesis is part of a broader project, which consists in developing a new solvent-free process for production of nano-multilayers organic solar cells alternating donor and acceptor layers. More specifically, the aim of this thesis was to select, synthesize and study photoactive and extrudable donor and acceptor polymers. Poly(3-octylthiophene) was chosen as the donor polymer and polystyrene grafted by an various percentage of fullerene C60 as the acceptor polymer. This work was realised at the National Institute of Solar Energy (INES), and was organized in three steps. The first part focused on synthesis and characterization of various acceptor polymers with different percentages of C60. Both physicochemical and photovoltaic properties (electron mobility, tests in solar cells) were characterized. Finally, the rheological behaviour and characteristic temperatures were studied to confirm their plausible processability by extrusion
Gordillo, Ervin David. "Etude des transferts de chaleur et de masse dans des procédés de vapogazéification de char de biomasse innovants (solaire - nucléaire)". Thesis, La Rochelle, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LAROS347.
Texto completoThe possibility of producing syngas from carbon compounds other than coal or oil would allow countries lacking energy resources to move toward energy independence. The steam gasification is a process that could help to this predisposition, producing a hydrogen-rich gas from carbon-rich materials (e.g. biomass char) and steam. Since gasification is an endothermic process, the energy source is the first concern to be addressed in the gasifierdesign. If we want it to not contribute to global warming, the energy source and carbon must remain renewable.Until now, engineers designed gasifiers thinking about uniformity of properties within the reactor, it simplifies the variables modeling and control, however, with innovative heat sources and the possibility to use only steamfor gasification, it can be concluded that a temperature gradient enhances the hydrogen production, thus the syngas quality is improved. The new gasification technologies therefore require the understanding of transport phenomena to apply this advantage in order to improve the syngas production and quality. Three reactor typesare modeled as part of this work, it is shown that there is a lack of firm criteria to choose the reaction device according to the resources, consequently, the reactors performance could be diminished if the energy source is not properly used. The theory of the temperature gradient is built based on the main results and it is a simple toolto help the engineer to make decisions that will improve the fuel gas production
Zehani, Mongia. "Optimisation du procédé polyol pour la synthèse de nanoparticules d'oxyde de zinc : mise à l'échelle du procédé et applications photovoltaïques". Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132044/document.
Texto completoThanks to developments in synthesis methods and characterization techniques, nanomaterials research field is increasingly active and attractive. This thesis aims to investigate the polyol process for zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesis. Indeed, this method has the advantage of providing a wide variety of particle morphology with a good crystalline quality. In this thesis, we show that by varying the synthesis conditions we can adjust the size, the size distribution and the morphology of nanoparticles to obtain either shaped nanospheres as small as 6 nm or nanowires as long as 600 nm. Our systemic study focused on a set of parameters that control the forced hydrolysis reaction including stoichiometry, temperature, nature of the polyol but also mixing, injection of reagents and ultrasound activation. We show that the shape of the nanoparticles is determined by the competition between growth rates of different zinc oxide crystal facets. Our study also compared different mixing devices such as laboratory reactor, T- mixer and impinging jets. More over, to mass produce zinc oxide nanoparticles, we developed an original strategy to understand the effect of mixing on nanoparticle size. In our approach, we correlate the turbulent energy dissipated as obtained from Computation Fluid Dynamics with theme asured nanoparticle size. The application to the specific case of zinc oxide has allowed us to produce sample aliquots of ~50 g per Batch. These nanoparticles were subsequently incorporated into dye-sensitized solar cells as semi conducting material at the École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris. Indeed, the morphological richness of the zinc oxide produced via polyol process suggests good adsorption of the dye on their surfaces. Our results show that the photoconversion efficiencies depend both on the morphology and the size. Our best photoconversion efficiency approaches 5.3%
Khennich, Mohammed. "Optimisation thermodynamique d’un procédé solaire utilisant un système de réfrigération à éjecto-compression pour la production du froid". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9756.
Texto completoCarrere, Tristan. "Procédés d’implantation ionique et structures innovantes pour les cellules photovoltaïques à hétérojonctions de silicium". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS275.
Texto completoThis work aims at investigating the use of ion implantation to process silicon heterojunction solar cells (SHJ) in order to improve the ratio of cost to produced power (€/Wp) of the cells either by cost reduction due to manufacturing simplification or by increase of the cell performance.A first part of the work consists in doping hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) layers by ion implantation. Using hard masks, doping of localized regions required in cell architectures like interdigitated back contact cells can thus be easily achieved at lower cost. Both boron and phosphorus implantation have been studied for p- and n-type doping, respectively. These two types behave very differently. Phosphorous being heavier than boron, very shallow implantation can be achieved on thin a-Si:H layers onto crystalline wafers without damaging the interface. However very high defect densities are created in a-Si:H which cannot be annealed out by post-implantation annealing treatments. Therefore it was not possible to reach conductivity values suitable for solar cell applications. For B implantation, consistently with previous work, the activation of B atoms has been achieved upon annealing thanks to a decrease of localized bandgap states. Also, boron can penetrate deeper and reach high concentration at the a-Si:H/c-Si interface, which requires higher temperature annealing compared to P implantation to recover a good interface passivation quality. Nevertheless, for a-Si:H layers of about 25 nm process conditions allowing similar properties to PECVD-doped (p) a-Si:H deposition (i.e. conductivity of 10-4 Ω-1cm-1 and interface passivation allowing i-VOC > 700 mV) have been obtained.A second study is dedicated to the study of a new cell concept, named silicon homo-heterojunction (HHJ) which comprise an additional homo-emitter (p+) c-Si at the emitter interface. The goal is to improve the interface passivation in order to increase the cell efficiency. Numerical simulations have evidenced an improved fill factor in this cell that is attributed to a field effect passivation improvement and a decrease in series resistance related to band bending changes in the a-Si:H layers. The need of sufficiently shallow and strongly doped (> 5×1018 cm-3) emitter has also been evidenced. Therefore, ion implantation has been used to develop suitable boron profiles and both the increase in fill factor and the decrease in contact resistances have been obtained when the boron surface concentration is not too high. These improvements have been validated by processing HHJ solar cells that exhibit a fill factor improvement and an improved efficiency compared to SHJ cells. This achievement is a first proof of concept of the HHJ architecture
Bechu, Solène. "Etude et caractérisation de couches minces photosensibles organique-inorganique à base de titane pour la conversion de l'énergie solaire". Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT4025/document.
Texto completoThis work is based on the study and the processing of photosensitive titanium oxide sol gel as thin films. Theses titanium oxides are relevant due to the presence of an intermediate level in the material band gap, after photo-reduction of the Ti(IV) in Ti(III). They are potential candidates for photovoltaic application, specifically for the third solar cells generation, which aims to overlay the Schockley-Queisser theoretical limit. Previous studies were run on the bulk materials at the Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, however here, the study will be focused on thin films from those oxides. First of all, spectroscopic studies (Infra-Red and Raman) are carried out to understand the polycondensation mechanism of those titanium oxides sols-gels. Then, a characterization is led by Infra-Red, Raman and XPS on thin films made from those materials. The second part of this work is relative to the changes observed in the material during the reduction of Ti(IV) in Ti(III). In order to understand it, insitu illuminations were performed and the evolutions of XPS and Infra-Red spectra were analyzed. Intermediate states were characterized, through a vectorial method, developed in order to identify and understand the changes. Finally, those sols-gels have been used to fabricate third generation solar cells, based on the architecture of organic solar cells. Current-voltage measurements were performed, by using different interfacial layers
De, Sousa Matthias. "Contribution à la purification des déchets de silicium solaire oxydé à l'aide d'un procédé assisté par plasma thermique". Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0033/document.
Texto completoWafer manufacturing produces large amounts of solar-grade silicon waste that is not currently recovered because of its contamination during the slicing process. This work deals with the purification of silicon waste using a non-transferred arc plasma process. It was carried out by using a double approach combining numerical simulations and experiments. The former were done using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code and made it to size the experimental configuration and understand the effect of process parameters on gas flow fields and powder treatment. The experimental study consisted in injecting powdered silicon waste (sawdust silicon, crushed powder) into the plasma jet under controlled atmosphere and collecting the treated material in a hot crucible. Decarburization and deoxidation of silicon waste, including sawdust resulting from wafer slicing, was achieved by the developed method. However, the removal of metal impurities in silicon sawdust was not demonstrated in this study. The experimental and numerical results showed that deoxidation was improved with a low-velocity plasma jet and limited air content in the area of treatment. Silica carboreduction and silica volatilization by silicon oxidation seemed to be the two mechanisms involved in the purification process
Michel, Benoît. "Procédé thermochimique pour le stockage intersaisonnier de l'énergie solaire : modélisation multi-échelles et expérimentation d'un prototype sous air humide". Phd thesis, Université de Perpignan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818838.
Texto completoXiong, Shuyao. "Nouveau procédé de mise en forme de matériaux composites et modélisation numérique pour les applications par voie solaire thermique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Centrale Lille Institut, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CLIL0031.
Texto completoSolar energy, a sustainable and non-polluting alternative to fossil fuels, gains momentum with enhanced materialproperties. This study proposes a novel approach for composite solar receiver materials, integrating an absorptionlayer and a thermal conductive substrate. Various powders, including AlN, α-SiC, Cu, stainless steel, CaO (micron,submicron, and nano-scale), β-SiC, γ-Al2O3, and carbon black, were explored. Innovative solvent-free processes andheat-treatment-free techniques were introduced for powder mixing and coating. Pellets, produced by spark plasmasintering, include AlN with CaO additives, α-SiC with CaO and Al2O3 additives, Cu with β-SiC, and stainless steel. Solarabsorber material deposition utilized carbon black. The self-constructed solar simulator assessed energy absorptionand heat transfer efficiency. Finite element method simulated radiative and conductive heat transfer in compositeporous pellets. Geometric shapes aligned with pellet structures for accurate comparisons. The Picomix provedsuperior to traditional ball milling for preparing mixed powders, offering a solvent-free and eco-friendly approach.Achieving a thermal conductivity of 135.3 W/m∙K, the AlN pellet with 3 wt% nano CaO at 5000 rpm rotational speedexceled. Dry-coating β-SiC by Picomix effectively reduced Cu oxidation while maintaining high thermal conductivity,presenting a promising anti-oxidation treatment. Adding 9 wt% Al2O3 and CaO to α-SiC elevated its pellet thermalconductivity to 114 W/m∙K. Under the solar simulator's high radiative heat flux, AlN-additive with carbon layercomposites and α-SiC-additive pellets exhibited enhanced solar energy absorption and heat transfer. Modeling resultsunderscored the combined influence of thickness, porosity, and thermal conductivity on porous pellet heat transfer.For pellets with thickness below 50 mm, porosity less than 0.3, and thermal conductivity surpassing 100 W/m∙K, heattransfer efficiency remained comparable. The solar absorption layer's thickness significantly impacted compositeporous pellet heat transfer rate. Solar absorber material’s thermal conductivity minimally affected solar energyabsorption and heat transfer efficiency beyond 50 W/m∙K. Diverse geometric model configurations yieldedcomparable simulation outcomes
Abouchi, Hamza. "Purification de silicium solaire dans des réacteurs à grande surface". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI035.
Texto completoSolar grade silicon, needed to supply the ever-growing photovoltaic market, has to be purified from metallurgical silicon. The classical chemical route for purification has a high energy cost and environmental drawbacks. The alternative metallurgical route has to decrease its production cost to meet with the low market price. In this work, we study a technology breakthrough compared to existing processes to remove boron, such as the plasma process previously studied in the SIMaP laboratory.The first chapter of this thesis presents the context of silicon production for solar cells, with focus on the chemical route and the metallurgical route for silicon purification, and explains the goal of this work. The second chapter discuss a state of the art of the processes to remove boron by gas blowing. Different setups of different teams are presented, and the literature survey is specially focused on the role of each gas species, the kinetics of the boron removal and the purification limit due to the formation of a silica layer.Chapter three presents a theoretical model developed during this PhD to describe the boron removal by gas blowing, in continuous reactors with counter-current gas and liquid flows. The model takes into account a chemical equilibrium at the interface, mass transfer to the bulk fluids and the limit on the oxidant fraction due to the formation of a silica layer. It was run at laboratory scale and then used to extrapolate at industrial scale.The experimental part of the thesis is presented in chapters four and five, where the design, realisation and tests of a laboratory scale experiment are detailed. Thermal tuning was performed and new phenomena were reported, involving capillarity and condensation of gaseous species. Boron removal results are shown for situations where the continuous flow of silicon was suppressed. As shown in our last chapter, further experimental developments would be fruitful at laboratory scale, together with studies at industrial scale using our theoretical model
Hayes, Maxim. "Intégration de collecteurs de charges avancés dans les cellules solaires bifaciales à haut rendement : vers un procédé générique pour les nouveaux matériaux silicium". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0519.
Texto completoThanks to a relatively simple fabrication process and high conversion efficiency values the PERC structure is well established at the industrial level. Nevertheless, industrial PERC solar cells performances are mostly limited by two charge carrier recombination sources: P thermally diffused emitter on the front side and the Al-Si interfaces at the rear contacts. The main goal of this work aims at limiting both recombination sources. A selective emitter (SE) obtained by plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) is developed for an integration on the front side; whereas a B-doped polysilicon (poly-Si) on oxide passivated contact (PC) is integrated on the back side. The second goal of this work consists in evaluating the compatibility between these advanced carrier collectors and directionally solidified Si materials. SE featuring good geometrical properties and a well-controlled doping were fabricated thanks to an in situ localized doping process obtained with a specific mask developed for PIII. Besides, several metal deposition technologies were investigated for the poly-Si(B). Fire-through screen-printing appears as the most promising approach so far. Indeed, the deposition of a non-sacrificial hydrogen-rich layer allowed to reach an excellent surface passivation level for solar cell precursors. However, the specific contact resistivity obtained remains too high for an optimal cell integration. Lastly, the fabrication of poly-Si PC showed excellent external gettering efficiencies for multicrystalline Si. Thus, the potential of the developed cell structure to be integrated with low-cost and low carbon footprint materials is encouraging
Slim, Rayan. "Étude et conception d'un procédé de séchage combiné de boues de stations d'épuration par énergie solaire et pompe à chaleur". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003485.
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