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Rustamova, Dilnoza Ahmad kizi. "Publication History of the Diwans of Alisher Navoi in Lithographs". International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 6, n.º 1 (6 de enero de 2023): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v6i1.888.
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At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the printing houses established in the territory of Turkestan mainly focused on printing local books. Alisher Navoi’s diwans also reached the people in thousands of copies during this period. The article sheds light on the history of the publishing of Navoi diwans, the influence of the social situation on the process, the role and importance of publishers and secretaries in it. Some diwans are touched upon and a general description is given to them. Specific aspects are proved by examples.
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Stallings, Shirley. "From Printing Press to Pharmaceutical Representative: A Social History of Drug Advertising and Promotion". Journal of Drug Issues 22, n.º 2 (abril de 1992): 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269202200202.
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With only a few years left in the twentieth century, a multiplicity of controversies encompass drug advertising and promotion. Have marketing techniques regarding pharmaceutical drugs, proprietary medicines, alcohol, and tobacco really changed over time and disrupted the value structure of society? Past, present, and future affect people; not one aspect of time, but all aspects, bear upon the present. Drug advertising and promotion has maintained vitality and robustness through time by promoting the public's desire for a continuity of familiar and traditional health values. By using the nature of a perpetually changing environment, advertising has advanced drugs as symbols of health. Such symbolic activity has provided hope to people regarding their own power and control over pain and illness. Through time, drug advertising became institutionalized.
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Shear, Adam. "Introduction to AJS Review Symposium: The Jewish Book: Views and Questions". AJS Review 34, n.º 2 (noviembre de 2010): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009410000371.
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In the last several decades, the study of reading, writing, and publishing has emerged as a lively field of inquiry in the humanities and social sciences. Historians and literary scholars have engaged with a number of questions about the impact of changes in technology on reading practices and particularly on the relationship between new technologies of reading and writing and social, religious, and political change. The new field of the “history of the book,” merging aspects of social and intellectual history with the tools of analytical and descriptive bibliography, came to the fore in the second half of the twentieth century at the same time that the emergence of new forms of electronic media raised many questions for social scientists about the ways that technological change have affected aspects of human communication in our time. Meanwhile, while the field of book history emerged initially among early modernists interested in the impact of printing technology, the issues raised regarding authorship, publication, relations between orality and the written word, dissemination, and reception have enriched the study of earlier periods.
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MacDonald, Bertrum H. y Fiona A. Black. "Using GIS for Spatial and Temporal Analyses in Print Culture Studies". Social Science History 24, n.º 3 (2000): 505–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200010282.
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In the five centuries since Gutenberg introduced printing with movable type, Western society has been thoroughly infused by print culture.This culture, a complex mosaic of numerous factors, has recently become the focus of extensive historical research.The history of print culture, frequently referred to as the “history of the book,” concerns those aspects of a society that relate to the production, distribution, and reception of printed materials, whether canonical works of literature or ephemeral items such as newspapers and handbills. Authorship, publishing, regulation, bookselling, libraries, and reading are some of the aspects examined. Because print culture permeates all of society, the study of its history has captured the interest of a wide range of researchers: an array of historians of various types and periods (e.g., social, labor, cultural, and legal historians; historians of religion and ideas; and historians of science and technology), literary scholars (of various periods and genres), sociologists, information scientists and librarians, geographers, and bibliographers, among others. As might be expected, scholars of this diversity bring a wide breadth of perspectives to the subject.
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Valdés, Catalina y Magdalena Montalbán. "“… It Was Highly Desirable They Should Be Illustrated”". Nuncius 34, n.º 1 (25 de febrero de 2019): 99–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03401004.
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Abstract The purpose of this article is to study the images included in the report made by the U.S. Navy Astronomical Expedition in the Southern Hemisphere between 1849 and 1852, directed by Navy lieutenant and astronomer James Melville Gilliss (1881–1865). Together with astronomical studies, the expedition addressed different aspects of the natural and social history of the Republic of Chile setting down in six volumes a pioneering panoramic vision of the young nation. Considering the different aspects of the culture of printing as it developed in the main cities of the United States in the mid nineteenth century, this article proposes general reflections concerning the impetus given in this field by scientific expeditions. In the specific case of Gilliss’s Naval Astronomical Expedition, this impulse manifests itself in terms of the technological renewal and the prestige of the lithographers taking part in the publication. This contrasts with the subsequent scarce success of Gilliss’s volumes – the books came close to being ignored – both in the United States and in Chile.
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Олександр Вікторович Мосієнко. "PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGN AT THE SOUTH-WESTERN FRONT OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR: ANALYSIS OF HISTORIOGRAPHY". Intermarum history policy culture, n.º 5 (1 de enero de 2018): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.11184.
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Modernity alongside with new technologies development, fundamental changes in the printing industry and informatization of society presented the mankind with such an invention as propaganda. It became an integral part of authoritarian and totalitarian political regimes of the XXth century. However, as a tool of consciousness manipulation, it was actively used by the empires during the "long" XIXth century. In the conditions of the First World War propaganda played a significant role in the mobilization processes and in the formation of the enemy's image. The article attempts to assess the effectiveness of the propaganda during the First World War. The article examines the researches that analyze the events of the war from the point of view of Soviet, modern Ukrainian and foreign historiography and contain descriptions of the propaganda campaign on the front line and in the rear. The state of modern historical research is highlighted and the prospects of further research are indicated. The study of the experience of the First World War and the information component of the fighting can be useful, given the fact that the Russian Federation today uses ideological stamps of that period.The analysis of existing studies on the issues of the First World War in general and its propaganda component in particular proves an increasing interest in the investigation of information warfare topic. Since 2014, the number of studies devoted to the First World War has increased in domestic and foreign research. The Ukrainian regions were a part of Austria-Hungary and Russia, so the usage of the Ukrainian national question in the propaganda of those states was significant. However, the issue of the propaganda war between the two empires is not covered comprehensively.The first study on this subject was of general practical character. The first foreign scholars who examined propaganda were mass communication specialists. For Soviet historical science, the priority task was to study the revolutionary events of 1917 and the period of the civil war. The events of 1914-1918 were interpreted only as an imperialist war, their study was conducted tendentiously. Modern historiography on the First World War reflects the main directions of the European historical school at the beginning of the XXIst century with a focus on social and socio-cultural history. Foreign historiography is represented by Russian, European and American authors. In their research considerable attention is paid to the topic of military psychology and cultural-anthropological aspects of war. The analysis of the extent of the given problem research in the studies of foreign historians suggests a sufficient level of its investigation. Modern historians pay much attention to the ideological aspect, the analysis of visual propaganda. The interest in considering the mechanisms for the formation of images of the enemy, its state and allies increased. A promising object of historical research is the study of the verbal and nonverbal aspects of the propaganda production of both empires.
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Redondo, Jordi. "Sobre catalanismes al turc baixmedieval". Zeitschrift für Katalanistik 25 (1 de julio de 2012): 321–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.46586/zfk.2012.321-336.
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Summary: The social and cultural frame which enabled the Catalan language to play a central role in the Mediterranean area between the 13th and the 15th century can also explain several problematic aspects related to the history of its different languages – of course not only of the Romance languages. This paper must be seen in the context of our research in the literary Catalan culture towards the Low Medieval Age, and presents a revisited view on the Roman loanwords in Turkish and on the linguistic contact between both languages. Several terms in particular must be classified as direct borrowings from Catalan. Methodologically, attention will be paid first of all to the phonomorphological analysis of the variants attested in the different Romance languages, in order to establish the origin of the corresponding terms in Turkish. Turkish loanwords attested in Catalan and Spanish contemporary texts will also be examined in order to verify our theory. [Keywords: Catalan-German dictionaries; Italian lexicography; history of printing].
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Furtak, Kazimierz. "Contemporary challenges of science and technology – selected reflections". Cement Wapno Beton 26, n.º 5 (2021): 413–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32047/cwb.2021.26.5.5.
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Modern challenges of science and technology should not be considered in isolation from the past and changes that have taken place over the centuries. They have occurred in different ways in various periods of human history and in various spheres of human activity, including technology. The changes also concern construction and construction materials. All changes have been stimulated by, inter alia, science and they, in turn, have determined and stimulated the development of science. The soaring growth in science and technological development result in a rising social awareness of increasing and new issues both technological and social that must be addressed. At the present stage of civilisation evelopment, they cannot be solved separately. The environmental and energy impacts must also be included. Special attention was focused on construction materials and products, as well as technological aspects including the application of 3D printing technology in construction. They all belong to the development of civilisation in a broad sense. In construction, there is room for traditional materials and technologies and their new versions with the primacy, however, of new generation materials. The need to apply the achievements in disciplines other than construction has been emphasised.
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Katola, Olga. "Serhiy Shelukhyn (1864―1938): an intellectual and statesman in the service of Ukraine". Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals, n.º 9(27) (2019): 367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2019-9(27)-22.
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The paper seeks to explore main stages of the lifeline of S. Shelukhyn as well as characterize his public and political activities, the scholarly achievements, literary and publicistic legacy of the scholar and politician. His classical graduate studies, professional and career background of the lawyer-practician, a shaping of his social and political views and scholarly interests are revealed in the historical circumstances of that time. A particular attention has been paid to his public activities. He was an active founder and member of the socio-political organizations signi ficantly contributing into a development of the national movement. With the beginning of the Ukrainian Revolution, S. Shelukhyn as a delegate, a leading member of the Ukrainian Party of the Socialists-Federalists to the Ukrainian parliament, the Ukrainian Central Council (Rada), was particularly engaged in social and political work. After the proclamation of the UNR, holding high-ranking state posts, he opposed the federation with Russia. The positive aspects of his political life are establishment and activities of the public organi zations, scientific institutions, teaching at the Ukrainian high schools, a fruitful collaboration with the press. The S. Shelukhyn’s scholarly heritage is represented here. Specifically, the studies in history and origin of the Rus-Ukraine, history of the Ukrainian law (in particular, in the field of the criminal and civil law), political sciences and so on, are presented here. The article distinguishes a particularly active scholar ship of S. Shelukhyn in the émigré period. One of the biggest achieve ments of this historian and scholar is the making of argumentation basis for legitimization of the right of the Ukrainian people at restoration and building of the independent state. His beloved interest to literature and creative talent fostered poetry printing on the pages of many press publi cations, mainly of the citizen and patriotic motifs as well as translations of the belles lettres. His publicistic texts were a continuation of his social and political work. They conveyed to the readers his views, senti ments and beliefs shaping the self-consciousness of the Ukrainian nation and broadening horizons of knowledge. Keywords: Serhiy Shelukhyn, the Ukrai nian Central Council (Rada), social and political work, etatist ideology, the Ukrai nian law, emigration, scholarship, publicism, literary works.
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Jelušić, Iva, Anna Sidorevich y Justina Smalkyte. "Cartography of Resistance: Zagreb 1941-1945: An interview". Connexe : les espaces postcommunistes en question(s) 9, n.º 1 (28 de diciembre de 2023): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5077/journals/connexe.2023.e1401.
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On the occasion of the seventieth anniversary of the liberation of Zagreb, a few interested researchers and activists, supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung Southeast Europe (RLS SEE) in partnership with Zagreb-based curatorial collective [BLOK], started to work on a project entitled Cartography of Resistance [Kartografija otpora]. The starting point is the underground networks established for the purpose of resistance to the fascist Ustasha [Ustaša] authorities during the Second World War on the territory of the Yugoslav countries (1941-1945), which were rooted in the interwar left-oriented labor movement and activism of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia [Komunistička partija Jugoslavije, KPJ]. The research has been carried out in two phases; during 2015 and 2016, and from 2020 until 2022. Both focused on spatial, organizational, political, gender and social aspects of the resistance movement. During the first phase emerged the website “kartografija-otpora.org” that mapped the resistance on the territory of the city of Zagreb. On the basis of research carried out in the second phase, the book entitled Kartografija otpora: Zagreb 1941.-1945. (ed. Josip Jagić, Marko Kostanić) was written and published. The book consists of nine chapters total, where the first three, written by Karlo Držaić, Saša Vejzagić and Josip Jagić, deal with the general institutional and social history of the resistance movement. Krešimir Zovak in his contribution tackles the Peoples’ Justice [Narodna Pravda], exploring controversial topic of Partisan courts. Barbara Blasin wrote about Antifascist Women’s Front in Zagreb, while Ana Lovreković dealt with women working for the Party’s Local Committee. Petra Šarin wrote about Agitprop and the underground printing services. Stefan Treskanica and Goran Korov, members of the team from 2015, investigated the phenomenon of Peoples’ Aid [Narodna pomoć] and explored the activities of the KPJ in the prewar period, between 1931 and 1941. The website was also updated on the basis of these findings with more than 200 locations of terror and resistance. We asked the contributors about the content and specific importance of this book.
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Drozdowski, Mariusz R. "Ruś – Ukraina, Białoruś w Pierwszej Rzeczypospolitej". Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne, n.º 16 (14 de agosto de 2019): 341–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pss.2019.16.20.
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The reviewed book is the eleventh in the series devoted to the “Culture of the First Polish Republic in dialogue with Europe. Hermeneutics of values”. This series is the aftermath of an interesting research project, whose aim is both to comprehensively present the cultural relations of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth with Europe, as well as to recognize the ways and forms of mutual communication of literary, aesthetic, political and religious values. In addition, it aims to present in a broad comparative context the structure of Early Modern culture of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Apart from the introduction, the book contains the dissertations of 11 authors originating from various scientific centers in Poland and abroad (Toruń, Białystok, Vilnius, Venice, Padua, Cracow, Poznań, Rzeszów) and representing different research specialties: philology, history, and history of art. The general and primary goal of the text it is to analyze various aspects of the Ruthenian culture of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, both in its dynamic connection with the Polish-Latin culture and the processes occurring in Eastern European Orthodoxy after the fall of the Byzantine Empire and in connection with the strengthening of the Moscow state. The key issues developed in the volume relate essentially to: values of the Ruthenian culture, some of which coincide or are identical to those recognized by Western-Polish citizens of the Commonwealth, while depend on the centuries old tradition of Eastern-Christian culture.The articles focuses on the values displayed in the Orthodox and Uniate spheres and around the polemics between them, punching with axiological arguments. The most frequently and basic problems that were raised are: determinants of identity, faith (religion), language (languages), social status, origin; the policy of rulers, the problem of ecclesiastical jurisdiction; tradition and change in culture – biblical studies, patristics, liturgy, theology; printing, translations, education; apologetics and polemics, preaching, iconography; a renewal program for the clergy that was to become the vanguard of the renewal of the entire Eastern Church; Bazylian Uniate ( Greek- Catholic) clergy: the idea of cultural integration, education, translation and publishing.
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Udovychenko, V. "SLOW FOOD: FROM THE MOVEMENT TO THE CONCEPT OFTHE ENOGASTROMONIC TOURISM". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, n.º 76-77 (2020): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2020.76-77.12.
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In the tourism sector of the economy, food is taking a high position during short-term’s and long-term travels, on the one hand, and also, on the other hand, the dangerous influence of fast-food is well known to the inhabitants of the Earth. That is why in this paper the key aspects of such activity as Slow Food were taken into account. It is important because Slow Food leads us against globalization, commercialization, and marketization of the world. The purpose of the article is to depict the key aspects of the Slow Food concept itself that developed from the social activists movement and nowadays is understood as the key unit of the enogastronomic tourism. The methods that were applied to the purpose of Slow Food study are quantitative analysis, literature knowledge and studying, method of “two steps”, comparative and geographical-comparative, historical, scientific synthesis, etc. The author’s point of view into the Slow Food existence can be depicted as one that transformed from the public social movement to the scientific concept of the enogastronomic tourism, and it is a result of the research accomplishment. Furthermore, the Slow Food movement essence is represented as a peculiar ecosystem and a route to the new way of people living, sustainable use of natural resources, complex cultural system, material and nonmaterial basis of the enogastronomic tourism. The movement strongly influences the rebuilding of the territorial linkages and the region sustainability, helps to balance the usage of the natural resources, and decrease the dangerous influence of human activities into the natural environment, leads to the cities rebranding and changes the tourist’s behavior in it. The history, prerequisites, and place of Slow Food beginnings are briefly reviewed. The Slow Food movement as such one that widely spread all over the World through Slow Food-events application, thematic literature printing, academician community creation, and special education in the universities programs establishment is characterized. The key directions of the Slow Food activities are depicted. The key aspects of formation and development, the trajectory of Slow Food ideas movement, its transformation from an ideology into the scientific concept of the enogastronomic tourism are taken into account. The definition of “Slow Food” is given, and essential features of the concept are depictured. Also, the key theses and goals, principles and rules, the slogan, and agenda of Slow Food were reviewed. At the same time, and this is the key importance of nowadays development and existence of the Slow Food concept, that there are some problems with the absence of strategic complex approach to its studying and development, and for its essential analysis. All of them could be mentioned as the perspective directions of future research and acquiring knowledge about it.
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Franklin, Simon. "Printing and Social Control in Russia 2: Decrees". Russian History 38, n.º 4 (2011): 467–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633111x594560.
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AbstractOn 16 March 1714 Peter I issued a decree on the printing of decrees. Previously all decrees (ukazy), and indeed almost all legislative texts apart from the 1649 law code (Ulozhenie) of Aleksei Mikhailovich, had been issued in manuscript and disseminated through hand-written copies and oral proclamation. Peter's decree on the use of print was a landmark in the administrative uses of printing in Russia. It was intended as such by Peter, and perceived as such by his successors. The continued success of this initiative is contrasted with the repeated failure of other projects for the systematic use of printing in legislation: the attempts to produce a new systematic code, and to publish regular chronological compilations of laws. This article considers the context, implications, and consequences of Peter's innovative ruling. The main questions under consideration are: why had printing not been used for these purposes earlier? what specific functions was the technology called upon to fulfil? and what were its relations with other technologies? Particular attention is paid to the perceived and actual roles of printing as an aid to (i) distribution, (ii) standardization, and (iii) the emblematic projection of authority. In each case, printing is considered not in isolation, but in its relations with the uses of manuscript and speech. A final section considers some ways in which Peter's instruction was followed or adapted by his 18th-century successors.
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Suchkov, M., A. Sushentsov y A. Baykov. "Leadership and Foreign Policy Decision-Making in the Next Innovation Wave". International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 18, n.º 4 (2020): 62–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2020.18.4.63.1.
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The evolution of digital technologies rooted in the transformation of the world into a holistic quantifiable system brings about foundational shifts in how an individuals interact with information. Current technological progress is cyclical in nature: emerging capabilities create different environment with new threats that prompt further search for technological solutions to address them, and occurs \on two interwoven tracks: the increasing sophistication of the information system itself (better ways to collect, store and analyze data) and better means of human interaction with it (search engines, faster connection, more seamless interface with devices). Similar in scope to the spread of printed books, the digital transformation is still at its nascency: the “printing press” has been invented, but the humanity is yet to perfect it and experience the full array of social and political changes it is bound to incur. This article is an attempt to peek into such “digital future”. Taking stock of the observable trends it charts the course of major shifts in approaches to foreign policy and maps out possible impediments for effective leadership in the new era. The conceptualization of the transformations is picking up speed, yet main IR schools tackling dispersed aspects, such as the impact of digital technologies on the balance of power (realism), on the nature of government and international environment (liberalism) and on the interpretation of the emerging processes (constructivism), do not offer a comprehensive approach. At the same time despite the growing analyzability and, hence, rationality of the world the studies of the decision-making process still struggle to account for the “human nature” of state leadership. The futility of the attempts to measure irrationality underlines the core argument of the article – with the overall trend for deeper convergence between an information system and a human the emerging digital future will be determined by individuals, who will remain the ultimate stewards of international relations. As a result, the efficiency of leadership, including smart utilization of technological advances, will depend on the quality of “human capital” of elites. On the one hand, accessibility of information, faster data travel and the absence of physical boundaries in the digital space enhance analytical abilities of individuals and improve the quality of decisionmaking. On the other hand, the increasing effortlessness of retrieving, storing and disseminating information results in the shift of perspective: laborious process of developing a solution is substituted by search for the most acceptable alternative, solving a crisis is replaced with manipulating the perception of it, and the quality of decisions is judged not by long-term consequences but by immediate movements in opinion polls.
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Sumardi y Septiana Hadiamin. "ANALISIS KELAYAKAN PENAMBAHAN MESIN CETAK DI PERCETAKAN GRAND DEPOK PRINTING". Jurnal Publikasi Ekonomi dan Akuntansi 2, n.º 2 (17 de mayo de 2022): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.51903/jupea.v2i2.291.
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This research is done to find out whether it is feasible or not if this research is done to find out whether it is feasible or not if the Grand Depok Printing printing business adds investment in the procurement of new printing presses. The data used is to use an estimate of initial capital investment analysis. The analysis tool used is the Payback period (PP) method. Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate Of Return (IRR), and Profitability Index (PI) and investigate aspects in business feasibility studies namely Legal Aspects, Market and Marketing Aspects, Technical / Operations Aspects, Financial Aspects, Management / Organization Aspects, Social Economic Aspects, Environmental Dumpak Aspects.
The results of calculations obtained are Payback period for 7 Months and 20 days, Net present value of RP. 8,545,174,145, Internal Rate Of Return of 22.15%, and Prifitability Index of 1,541. Therefore, it can be decided that the procurement of new printing presses at The Grand Depok Printing business in Verbena Shophouse, Grand Depok City, Jl. Boulevard Grand Depok City, Tirtajaya, Kec. Sukmajaya, Depok City, West Java 16412 is worth running..
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Franklin, Simon. "Printing and Social Control in Russia 1: Passports". Russian History 37, n.º 3 (2010): 208–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633110x510428.
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AbstractStudies of the history of print in Russia tend to focus on the printing of books, and to a lesser extent pictures. However, the implications of the spread of information technologies extend beyond their cultural uses. In particular, the adoption of printing (like the spread of writing before it, and the spread of electronic and digital technologies in recent decades) has potential implications for administration and social control. This study – the first in a series on related themes – considers the introduction and uses of print in one category of document, the passport, in the 18th and early 19th centuries. The main sources are legislative. The printing of passports was not just an administrative practice but a legislative issue and a recurrent problem. The use of print for specified types of passport was first decreed in 1726, as an anti-forgery measure, but successive revisions and modifications of the legislation show that precisely the feature which made print attractive as a device to combat fraud - centralised State control of the means of production - also created logistical difficulties which could obstruct the effective operations of the passport system itself. The final section of the survey is comparative, setting Russia's practices and preoccupations in the printing of passports in a wider European and American context, in order to identify what may have been distinctive to Russia.
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Franklin, Simon. "Printing Social Control in Russia 3: Blank Forms". Russian History 42, n.º 1 (6 de febrero de 2015): 114–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763316-04201010.
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Mainly on the basis of material from archives in St Petersburg, this article presents a classification and chronology of early printed blank forms in Russia, attributing their continuous history to Petrine initiatives from c.1714. Such “ephemera”, it is argued, constitute important but neglected components of Russian print culture and administrative practice.
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Zeng, Yiping. "The application and challenges of 3D printing technology in food". Applied and Computational Engineering 3, n.º 1 (25 de mayo de 2023): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/3/20230353.
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This paper reviews the principle, development history and current situation of 3D food printing technology, focusing on the application of 3D printing technology in food, as well as some problems and challenges it faces. The main research methods adopted are literature review and questionnaire survey. After investigation, the application field of 3D food printing technology is very considerable, but at the same time, many problems in different aspects also hinder its popularization. As long as the obstacles are solved, 3D food printing technology is expected to become the main technology in food production in the future, and then move towards 4D technology.
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De Sampaio, Claudio Pereira, Sonia Maria Fabris Luiz, José Antonio Vicentin, Glaykon Alex Vitti Stabile y Cecília Luiz Pereira Stabile. "7 - PRODUCTION OF SURGICAL BIOMODELS TO SUPPORT SURGERY BY 3D PRINTING: A SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION FROM THE DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY PERSPECTIVE". MIX Sustentável 10, n.º 2 (29 de mayo de 2024): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.29183/2447-3073.mix2024.v10.n2.91-101.
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This article presents, describes, and evaluates, from the perspective of Design for Sustainability (DfS), the social, economic, and technological aspects of the process of developing and manufacturing anatomical biomodels to support surgery using 3D printing in a Brazilian public hospital. This process had an interdisciplinary character, involving professionals of Design, Odontology, and Physiotherapy. The assessment was carried out using DfS (Design for Sustainability) social and environmental heuristics (guidelines), and enabled the identification of relevant aspects, as well as opportunities for improvement in processes. Among the results, the importance of having a specific space dedicated to digital manufacturing in public hospitals stands out, which speeds up the development of biomodels, as well as the quantity, diversity, and quality of 3D printing equipment, which allows the exploration of multiple possibilities for processes and materials, speeding up innovation in the hospital environment.
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Wood, Andy. "Custom and the Social Organisation of Writing in Early Modern England". Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 9 (diciembre de 1999): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3679403.
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Social historians of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England have tended to see literacy as a modernising force which eroded oral tradition and overrode local identities. Whereas the increasing literacy of the period has long appeared an important constituent element of Tudor and Stuart England's early modernity, custom has been represented as its mirror image. Attached to cumbersome local identities, borne from the continuing authority of speech, bred within a plebeian culture which was simultaneously pugnacious and conservative, customary law has been taken to define a traditional, backward-looking mind-set which stood at odds to the sharp forces of change cutting into the fabric of early modern English society. 1 Hence, social historians have sometimes perceived the growing elite hostility to custom as a part of a larger attack upon oral culture. In certain accounts, this elite antipathy is presented as a by-product of die standardising impulses of early capitalism. 2 Social historians have presented the increasing role of written documents in the defence of custom as the tainting of an authentic oral tradition, and as further evidence of the growing dom-nation of writing over speech. Crudely stated, orality, and hence custom, is seen as ‘of the people’; while writing was ‘of the elite’. In this respect as in others, social historians have therefore accepted all too readily John Aubrey's nostalgic recollections of late seventeenth century that Before printing, Old Wives tales were ingeniose and since Printing came in fashion, till a little before the Civil warres, the ordinary Sort of people were not taught to reade & now-a-dayes Books are common and most of the poor people understand letters: and the many good Bookes and the variety of Turnes of Affaires, have putt the old Fables out of dores: and the divine art of Printing and Gunpowder have frighted away Robin-good-fellowe and the Fayries.
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Mittal, Shivani, Md Hafizur Rahman Bhuiyan y Michael O. Ngadi. "Challenges and Prospects of Plant-Protein-Based 3D Printing". Foods 12, n.º 24 (15 de diciembre de 2023): 4490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12244490.
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Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a rapidly developing additive manufacturing technique consisting of the deposition of materials layer-by-layer to produce physical 3D structures. The technique offers unique opportunities to design and produce new products that cater to consumer experience and nutritional requirements. In the past two decades, a wide range of materials, especially plant-protein-based materials, have been documented for the development of personalized food owing to their nutritional and environmental benefits. Despite these benefits, 3D printing with plant-protein-based materials present significant challenges because there is a lack of a comprehensive study that takes into account the most relevant aspects of the processes involved in producing plant-protein-based printable items. This review takes into account the multi-dimensional aspects of processes that lead to the formulation of successful printable products which includes an understanding of rheological characteristics of plant proteins and 3D-printing parameters, as well as elucidating the appropriate concentration and structural hierarchy that are required to maintain stability of the substrate after printing. This review also highlighted the significant and most recent research on 3D food printing with a wide range of plant proteins. This review also suggests a future research direction of 3D printing with plant proteins.
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Materné, Jan. "Chapel Members in the Workplace: Tension and Teamwork in the Printing Trades in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries". International Review of Social History 39, S2 (agosto de 1994): 53–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000112933.
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The process by which journeymen became masters and came to run printing houses of their own was seriously undermined in Europe from the sixteenth century on. As a rule, there was a concentration of a few printing presses in a handful of urban workshops. These were dominated by several fairly well-known families which encouraged the development of state control. This was a period of religious and political turmoil, particularly in England and France. Few studies on the early history of the printing industry are as thorough and illuminating as Natalie Zemon Davis's work on Lyons. In this large and prosperous French city, the rapidly expanding sixteenth-century printing industry employed many male immigrants who often spent all their adult lives as wage earners working as pressmen or compositors in a trade that was very different from that of their fathers. Both government and guild intervention contributed extensively and almost continuously to the expansion of this urban body of permanent journeymen in the capital-intensive Printing trade before the Industrial Revolution. Looking back on his career as a journeyman and foreman in the mid eighteenth-century Parisian world of printing, Restif de la Bretonne presumably articulated a widespread opinion when he wrote in his autobiographical writings that among printers “un ouvrier ne devient jamais maitre […] les maîtres engendrent des maîtres, et les compagnons des compagnons et ainsi de génération en génération.” In fact, the position of foreman in a printing establishment was the pinnacle of a lifetime of waged labour. The Dutch journeyman and overseer David Wardenaar in his manual Beschrijving der Boekdrukkunst (1801) described the journeymen (knechts) together with other wage earners as being without alternative prospects (“arbeiders […] bedongen loon […] om dat hij geen ander uitzicht heeft”) and as the workers of an unpayable craft (“gezellen de beärbeiders zijn van het nut […] door deze onbetaalbare kunst”).
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Prasanthi Nori, Lakshmi y S. S. Manikiran. "An outlook on regulatory aspects of 3D printing in pharmaceutical and medical sectors". Current Trends in Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry 4, n.º 3 (15 de agosto de 2022): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ctppc.2022.017.
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Since the time of origin, three-dimensional printing has not only mesmerizing the researchers also health professionals too. Even though the process is exciting, it involves fussy coordination and selection process to get a desirable product. Still the manufactures are in confusion state that to follow which regulations and guidelines to gets an approval for their product of 3d printing. The importance of 3D printing has laid to recognize the best suitable product and ways to prevent its misuse. FDA approved more than 100 3D printed medical devices and it includes Orthopedic, Cranial implants, Dental restorations such as crowns and external prosthetics, surgical instruments. It also approved one 3D printed drug product using Zip Dose technique for the treatment of Epilepsy called SPRITAM (levetiracetam). The objective of this review article is to give a brief introduction, history, evolution of 3D printers, their development process, FDA role and guidelines.
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Kuzmina, N. G. "Editions on the History of Alphabets for Students of the Book Publishing Industry". Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)], n.º 1 (28 de febrero de 2015): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2015-0-1-66-69.
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Problems of literacy, correctness of speech, correction of errors in printed editions, which rose a hundred years ago, are relevant today. For the first time there are examined the textbooks published for students and professionals in book printing. The main substantive aspects of the article are the role and importance of these textbooks. At the turn of XIX-XX centuries in St. Petersburg there were several schools of book printing, where in the classroom the students got acquainted with the basic techniques of typesetting works. There was a need of publishing the special literature. The authors of textbooks have become school teachers. The article analyzes the following editions: R. Nippert «ABC Books of Eastern and Western Languages» (SPb., 1859), A.Serkov «Quick Start Guide for Compositors of Typographic Art» (St. Petersburg., 1861), G. Kerbach «Slavic Alphabet» (SPb., 1894), G. Schroeder «On the History of Alphabets» (SPb., 1896). Publications on the history of alphabets made an enormous contribution to the expansion of knowledge on book printing in Russia and formed the basis for the subsequently developed special educational literature on the art of typesetting, book printing and decorating books.
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Dover, Paul M. "Book review: Lorenz Böninger, Niccolò di Lorenzo della Magna and the Social World of Florentine Printing, ca. 1470–1493". Medieval History Journal 26, n.º 1 (30 de abril de 2023): 164–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09719458221103383.
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Clement, Richard W. y Sandra Hindman. "Printing the Written Word: The Social History of Books, circa 1450-1520." Sixteenth Century Journal 24, n.º 3 (1993): 706. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2542128.
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Halilović, Muamer. "Philosophical and social aspects of al Ya'qubi's history". Kom : casopis za religijske nauke 8, n.º 2 (2019): 85–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/kom1901085h.
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Doğan, Huriye Armağan. "A CITY SHAPED BY MODERNIST ARCHITECTURE: SÜMERBANK TEXTILE (COTTON) PRINTING FACTORY AND ITS WORKER SETTLEMENTS". JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 47, n.º 2 (11 de diciembre de 2023): 190–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jau.2023.19757.
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At the turn of the 20th century, the ideas of the English garden city movement influenced the designers and the governments not only regarding the design of the cities but in different aspects, including the design of industrial settlements. The factories built in the early 20th century mostly employed the ideals of the modern movement and turned the factories into a social reform for workers and the cities where these factories were located. Nazilli Sümerbank Textile (Cotton) Printing Factory is one of these social factories, which can be recognised as a self-contained factory complex that was participating in the social transformation of the area. The aim of this paper is to conduct research regarding the impact of the social factories on the cities and society through the case study of Nazilli Sümerbank Textile (Cotton) Printing Factory and document its workers’ settlements.
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Steckel, Richard H. "Big Social Science History". Social Science History 31, n.º 1 (2007): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200013638.
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Social science historians engage in relatively few large, collaborative projects, yet many of their activities, especially data collection and several aspects of analysis, benefit from what economists call economies of scale. Here I briefly review the historical background of big projects, place research by social science historians in perspective relative to other disciplines, and ponder possible explanations for the dearth of collaborative efforts. Large projects are not to everyone’s taste, and they demand vision, logistical skills, and fund-raising. In conclusion, I suggest 15 large projects that are interesting and feasible.
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Pan, Yanmo, Qinxiu Sun, Yang Liu, Shuai Wei, Zongyuan Han, Ouyang Zheng, Hongwu Ji, Bin Zhang y Shucheng Liu. "Investigation on 3D Printing of Shrimp Surimi Adding Three Edible Oils". Foods 13, n.º 3 (29 de enero de 2024): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13030429.
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Three-dimensional (3D) printing provides a new method for innovative processing of shrimp surimi. However, there still exists a problem of uneven discharge during the 3D printing of surimi. The effects of different amounts of lard oil (LO), soybean oil (SO), and olive oil (OO) (0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%, respectively) added to shrimp surimi on the 3D printability of surimi were evaluated. The findings showed that with the increase in the added oil, the rheological properties, texture properties, water-holding capacity (WHC), and water distribution of surimi with the same kind of oil were significantly improved; the printing accuracy first increased and then decreased; and the printing stability showed an increasing trend (p < 0.05). The surimi with 4% oil had the highest printing adaptability (accuracy and stability). Different kinds of oil have different degrees of impact on the physical properties of surimi, thereby improving 3D-printing adaptability. Among all kinds of oil, LO had the best printing adaptability. In addition, according to various indicators and principal component analysis, adding 4% LO to shrimp surimi gave the best 3D-printing adaptability. But from the aspects of 3D printing properties and nutrition, adding 4% SO was more in line with the nutritional needs of contemporary people.
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Špániová, Marta. "Social Influences on the Typographic Medium in the Reformation and Counter-Reformation Period in Bratislava, the Capital of Hungary". Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi 15, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2021): 357–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33077/uw.25448730.zbkh.2021.670.
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Over the centuries, the typographic medium and book printing responded to the political, economic, cultural, and social conditions very sensitively. The author deals with social influences on the development of book printing in Bratislava from the fifteenth century when the first printer is documented in the town. She ponders the reasons for the long absence of typographic activities in Bratislava from the late fifteenth century to the early seventeenth century. Paradoxically, the Reformation gave an impetus to the further development of book printing in Bratislava, as a Catholic printing house was established there in direct response to Reformation printing in Hungary. Therefore, the author also examines the conditions of Reformation printing to which the beginnings of publishing activities are tied in the territory of Slovakia. In the second part of the study, she focuses on Catholic Revival literature published in Bratislava in the seventeenth century, which played an important role in implementing Catholic reforms in Hungary.
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Maha Abdul Rahman Abdul Razzaq Al Hashimi, Maha Abdul Rahman Abdul Razzaq Al Hashimi. "Digital Keywords: printing, aesthetics, visual creativity". Journal of engineering sciences and information technology 2, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2018): 35–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.m020718.
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The aesthetic of digital printing is one of the most important developments. Note that the importance of digital printing technology in terms of feeling when used, through designs. The aesthetic of digital printing is one of the most important variables. Which vary according to the sense of effectiveness of the print presentation from one way to another or according to technical and psychological differences between them. The requirements for this feature vary depending on the type of final use of the product. The studies have shown that there are elements that interfere with the printing media and the techniques used which is represented in printing using the computer through techniques and three-dimensional according to scientific algorithms that is taken into account the technical aspects of the subject of printing or may be taken into account the art of the use of colors and the strength of the attraction (economic, technical and social links to the work of print art), which varies according to the age of the consumer, which in turn provides comfort and aesthetic to the consumer. On the aesthetic technical features, the role of technical techniques (visual), which is reflected in the experience and design of the product in digital technical printing.
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Hayes, Micheál. "Indigenous Otherness: Some Aspects of Irish Traveller Social History". Éire-Ireland 41, n.º 3 (2006): 133–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/eir.2007.0006.
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Shesteryakov, I. A. "Social and Legal Aspects of Mentoring: History and Modernity". Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), n.º 2 (21 de mayo de 2024): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2024.114.2.099-108.
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The article discusses issues of legal regulation of mentoring in the world of work. The author talks about the history of the issue of legal regulation of mentoring in labor. The article also examines today’s legal regulation of mentoring and offers the author’s definitions of this concept. The author considers the issue of mentoring in connection with the concept of “young worker”. The work notes the ambiguity and diversity of the institution of mentoring, and raises the question of the need to consolidate this legal concept in the current legislation. The article pays attention to the concept of mentoring not only in the Russian Federation, but also in some BRICS countries.
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Sanderson, Steven E., Clark W. Reynolds y Carlos Tello. "U.S.-Mexico Relations: Economic and Social Aspects." Hispanic American Historical Review 68, n.º 3 (agosto de 1988): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2516563.
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Sanderson, Steven E. "U.S.-Mexico Relations: Economic and Social Aspects". Hispanic American Historical Review 68, n.º 3 (1 de agosto de 1988): 627–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-68.3.627.
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Mancini, Lorenzo. "Jesuit Attitudes Toward Printers and Printing in Early Modern Italy". Journal of Jesuit Studies 10, n.º 3 (3 de mayo de 2023): 487–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-10030005.
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Abstract The Society of Jesus engaged with the medium of print almost from its inception and, as in other fields, according to its own way of proceeding. This article studies two aspects of Jesuit engagement with print, using its Italian assistancy as a case study. In the first part, Jesuit attitudes towards printing technology—its dangers and opportunities—are examined, focusing especially on the relationship between Robert Bellarmine and some of his printers. What emerges is an overriding concern for accuracy: the need to disseminate texts without typographical errors in order to avoid misinterpretations and possible accusations of heresy. The second part of the article analyzes one possible solution to this difficulty: Jesuit attempts, at the Roman College and elsewhere, at managing their own printing presses. As these efforts regularly ended in economic failure, they bring into question the traditional view of Jesuits as skilled administrators.
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Sienna, Noam. "Rabbis with Inky Fingers : Making An Eighteenth-Century Hebrew Book Between North Africa and Amsterdam". Studia Rosenthaliana: Journal of the History, Culture and Heritage of the Jews in the Netherlands 46, n.º 1 (1 de noviembre de 2020): 155–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/sr2020.1-2.008.sien.
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Abstract The first edition of Sefer Hatashbe, a collection of responsa printed in Amsterdam in 1739 at the press of Naftali Herz Levi Rofé, is a magnificent example of the fine typography and engraving that contributed to the prominence of 18th-century Dutch Jewish printing. Through an examination of the newly identified manuscript copy which was used in the printing house to typeset this book, I trace the story of the printing of Sefer Hatashbe through the efforts of Meir Crescas of Algiers, and his collaboration with Ashkenazi, Sephardi, Maghrebi, and Italian Jewish communities. I demonstrate how the material facets of book production both relied on and reinforced the various networks ‐ intellectual, financial, religious, communal, familial, social ‐ that linked Jewish communities around the Mediterranean Basin and beyond, across class, nationality, and language.
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Keiser, George R. "Printing the Written Word: The Social History of Books, circa 1450-1520.Sandra Hindman". Speculum 69, n.º 2 (abril de 1994): 498–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2865140.
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Stevens, Norman D. "Andrew Pettegree. The Book in the Renaissance. Hew Haven: Yale University Press, 2010. 421p. ISBN 978-0-300-11009-8. $40". RBM: A Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage 12, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2011): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rbm.12.1.348.
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It is ironic, as Pettegree points out in his “A Note on Sources” (353–56), that it has been the enormous growth of information about early printed books available through the Internet that has made this, by far the most significant publication yet on the social history of the book, possible. As outstanding and important as Lucian Febvre and Henry-Jean Martin’s groundbreaking The Coming of the Book: The Impact of Printing, 1458–1800 (1976) and Elizabeth Eisenstein’s The Printing Press as an Agent of Change (1979) and her subsequent The Printing Revolution in Early Modern Europe (1983) were, this masterpiece . . .
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Embark, Mahmud Embark. "Progress of English Language by the Advent of the Invention of Printing". Al-Mukhtar Journal of Social Science 38, n.º 1 (31 de diciembre de 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54172/mjssc.v38i1.665.
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This paper aimed to provide readers, researchers and those who are interested in English Language, with a range of important information regarding the impact of the invention of printing on the development, improvement, spread of the English language and the changes happened within the English language. Exposure to previous studies that concerned with the relationship between the changes in English language and the invention of printing is an aspect of this paper. The invention of printing contributed to the widespread dissemination of literary works both inside and outside Britain. The printing press had a tremendous impact on many aspects of social life in Britain; The philosophers, theologians, scientists, poets and authors were able to publish their views, theories, philosophy and ideas when they began to publish their works which became available for reading among the public. As a result of the availability of printed materials, English language teachers had been able to build good learning programmes and assigned teaching plans, to help learners to acquire an ideal language. The invention of printing was the main factor that contributed to the dissemination of English language and provided the opportunity to teach and learn English all over the world to become an international language. This was the result of the efforts of many linguists , writers , printing technicians and pioneers such as William Caxton. Comparing the output of this paper with the findings of the previous studies, it was found that the invention of printing benefited the reader, the researcher.
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Embark, Mahmud Embark. "Progress of English Language by the Advent of the Invention of Printing". Al-Mukhtar Journal of Social Science 38, n.º 1 (31 de diciembre de 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54172/mjssc.v38i1.665.
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This paper aimed to provide readers, researchers and those who are interested in English Language, with a range of important information regarding the impact of the invention of printing on the development, improvement, spread of the English language and the changes happened within the English language. Exposure to previous studies that concerned with the relationship between the changes in English language and the invention of printing is an aspect of this paper. The invention of printing contributed to the widespread dissemination of literary works both inside and outside Britain. The printing press had a tremendous impact on many aspects of social life in Britain; The philosophers, theologians, scientists, poets and authors were able to publish their views, theories, philosophy and ideas when they began to publish their works which became available for reading among the public. As a result of the availability of printed materials, English language teachers had been able to build good learning programmes and assigned teaching plans, to help learners to acquire an ideal language. The invention of printing was the main factor that contributed to the dissemination of English language and provided the opportunity to teach and learn English all over the world to become an international language. This was the result of the efforts of many linguists , writers , printing technicians and pioneers such as William Caxton. Comparing the output of this paper with the findings of the previous studies, it was found that the invention of printing benefited the reader, the researcher.
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Lemeškin, Ilja. "Проблемы изучения Малой подорожной книжки. Полемический экскурс". Knygotyra 80 (18 de julio de 2023): 343–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.134.
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A polemical article reacts to the plenary part of the conference Francysk Skaryna and the Renaissance book culture. Skaryna’s Little Travel Book turns 500, held in Vilnius on 22–23 September 2022. After a review of the history of Little Traveler’s Book studies since 1971, five problems in the study of the first printed book of the GDL, touched on in S. Temchin’s plenary speech The Place of Printing of Francysk Skaryna’s “Little Traveller’s Book”: New Assumptions are discussed. In addition, two other aspects related to the study of place and time of printing: genre predetermination and application of modern methods to the study of Little Traveler’s Book are investigated.
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Yoha, Kandasamy Suppiramaniam y Jeyan Arthur Moses. "3D Printing Approach to Valorization of Agri-Food Processing Waste Streams". Foods 12, n.º 1 (3 de enero de 2023): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12010212.
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With increasing evidence of their relevance to resource recovery, waste utilization, zero waste, a circular economy, and sustainability, food-processing waste streams are being viewed as an aspect of both research and commercial interest. Accordingly, different approaches have evolved for their management and utilization. With excellent levels of customization, three-dimensional (3D) printing has found numerous applications in various sectors. The focus of this review article is to explain the state of the art, innovative interventions, and promising features of 3D printing technology for the valorization of agri-food processing waste streams. Based on recent works, this article covers two aspects: the conversion of processing waste streams into edible novel foods or inedible biodegradable materials for food packing and allied applications. However, this application domain cannot be limited to only what is already established, as there are ample prospects for several other application fields intertwining 3D food printing and waste processing. In addition, this article presents the key merits of the technology and emphasizes research needs and directions for future work on this disruptive technology, specific to food-printing applications.
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Iskenderov, Petr. "“Siberian identity”: social-economic and ethno-cultural aspects". OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, n.º 02 (1 de marzo de 2020): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202003statyi01.
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Nalven, Joseph. "Social and Cultural Aspects of Transborder Environmental Cooperation". Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 2, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1986): 107–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1051995.
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Nalven, Joseph. "Social and Cultural Aspects of Transborder Environmental Cooperation". Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 2, n.º 1 (enero de 1986): 107–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.1986.2.1.03a00050.
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Ning, Xin, Tong Liu, Chunlin Wu y Chao Wang. "3D Printing in Construction: Current Status, Implementation Hindrances, and Development Agenda". Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (5 de abril de 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6665333.
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3D printing (3DP) is regarded as an innovation that contributes to automation in civil engineering and offers benefits in design, greenness, and efficiency. It is necessary to objectively analyze the current status and challenges associated with 3DP and identify future research directions to properly understand its construction applications. Previous research has focused more on the technical dimension of 3DP; however, the nontechnical dimension of the technology may hinder its implementation and thus must be paid particular attention to. This study presents a systematic review of the existing literature from both technical and nontechnical dimensions by combining quantitative and qualitative studies. The quantitative study was conducted using scientometric methods. The qualitative study analyzed information, including the technical research status and nontechnical challenges and trends. Two aspects of technical research status are presented, including materials and processes. In addition, nontechnical challenges and trends from the economic, environmental, social, and legislative aspects are proposed. This study provides a comprehensive agenda to advance 3DP in construction and proposes research interests, challenges, and future topics. It is intended to help construction practitioners systematically master existing processes and materials and assess the application degree and necessity of 3DP.
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Milenkovic, Sanja, Goran Belojevic y Radojka Kocijancic. "Social aspects of left-handedness". Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 138, n.º 9-10 (2010): 664–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1010664m.
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Throughout human history left-handedness has been considered as sinful. It has been associated with the devil, weakness, female gender, unhealthiness, evil, something that has to be turned to a ?good? - right side by force. Left-handedness is being more and more acceptable at rational level, but in everyday life it is still considered to be unusual if someone writes with the left hand. Lessening of the number of lefthanders is associated with ageing. There are about 13% lefthanders among people in twenties and less than 1% lefthanders among those in eighties. This finding may be explaned with more pronounced socio-cultural pressure on left-handed people in the past, compared to nowadays. On the other hand, this may also support the hypothesis about a reduced life span of lefthanded people. With cross-exercising of left-handedness, certain typical characteristics and behavioral patterns appear in these people. This was a sort of provoked behavior and an attack on the integrity of an emotional attitude toward oneself. Stuttering may also appear as a consequence of unsuccessful cross-exercising of left-handedness. The hypothesis about left-handedness as an advantage is supported with the reports about relatively more lefthanders in some specific groups such as: mathematicians, sculptors, architects, painters, musicians, actors, tennis players, as well as famous army commanders and rulers.
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A., Arivarasi y Anand Kumar. "Classification of challenges in 3D printing for combined electrochemical and microfluidic applications: a review". Rapid Prototyping Journal 25, n.º 7 (12 de agosto de 2019): 1328–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-05-2018-0115.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe, review, classify and analyze the current challenges in three-dimensional printing processes for combined electrochemical and microfluidic fabrication areas, which include printing devices and sensors in specified areas. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review of the literature focusing on existing challenges is carried out. Focused toward sensors and devices in electrochemical and microfluidic areas, the challenges are oriented for a discussion exploring the suitability of printing varied geometries in an accurate manner. Classifications on challenges are based on four key categories such as process, material, size and application as the printer designs are mostly based on these parameters. Findings A key three-dimensional printing process methodologies have their unique advantages compared to conventional printing methods, still having the challenges to be addressed, in terms of parameters such as cost, performance, speed, quality, accuracy and resolution. Three-dimensional printing is yet to be applied for consumer usable products, which will boost the manufacturing sector. To be specific, the resolution of printing in desktop printers needs improvement. Printing scientific products are halted with prototyping stages. Challenges in three-dimensional printing sensors and devices have to be addressed by forming integrated processes. Research limitations/implications The research is underway to define an integrated process-based on three-dimensional Printing. The detailed technical details are not shared for scientific output. The literature is focused to define the challenges. Practical implications The research can provide ideas to business on innovative designs. Research studies have scope for improvement ideas. Social implications Review is focused on to have an integrated three-dimensional printer combining processes. This is a cost-oriented approach saving much of space reducing complexity. Originality/value To date, no other publication reviews the varied three-dimensional printing challenges by classifying according to process, material, size and application aspects. Study on resolution based data is performed and analyzed for improvements. Addressing the challenges will be the solution to identify an integrated process methodology with a cost-effective approach for printing macro/micro/nano objects and devices.