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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Principe de minimisation de la production d'entropie"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Principe de minimisation de la production d'entropie"
Mamouni, Mahdi-Amine. "Thermodynamique des réseaux et application à la thermoélectricité". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPAST131.
Texto completoIn this context, where the evolution of a system is governed by the gradients of intensive quantities, it becomes possible to completely model the behavior of machines, the produced power, and the created entropy, thus surpassing the simple endoreversible framework. In the case of systems described by a single intensive quantity, the behavior found is that of simple empirical laws such as Ohm’s law, Fourier’s law, or Darcy’s law. When several coupled intensive quantities are involved, the behavior becomes complex to model, especially if the system exhibits inhomogeneities in the physical properties of the working fluid. The work carried out in this thesis addresses these issues. It is based on the design of a thermodynamic network simulator, specifically applied to thermoelectricity, which is a particularly fruitful model system. The system is described by force-flux relations and a finite volume approach, which allows for the reconstruction of a thermodynamic network faithful to the studied system. This approach rigorously takes into account the hypothesis of continuity of intensive quantities between each volume element, whose validity is first demonstrated by considering the fluctuation of entropy production and its residual character in a stationary situation. This result also helped clarify the debate on the principles of entropy production minimization, a debate that still stirs part of the scientific community. This approach was validated by several simulations of thermoelectric networks in various regimes, stationary, transient, and harmonic. The obtained response includes both linear and nonlinear electrical and thermal terms, the latter resulting from energy-matter couplings. Beyond thermoelectricity, this simulator made it possible to integrate ferroelectric and antiferroelectric materials, whose thermal conductivity varies according to polarization. Transient simulations including materials with modifiable thermal conductivity thus allow determining the heat redistribution time in the network following this modulation. This work paves the way for complex thermoelectric simulations that are not accessible by other means, such as the study and design of heterogeneous thermoelectric modules. The integration of local description over volume allows for the emergence of global behavior resulting from the consideration of exotic inclusion effects on coupling, suggesting new development perspectives, notably in the context of thermomagnetic effects arising from local current loops
Mihelich, Martin. "Vers une compréhension du principe de maximisation de production d'entropie". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS038/document.
Texto completoIn this thesis we try to understand why the maximum entropy production principlegives really good results in a wide range of Physics fields and notably in climatology. Thus we study this principle on classical toy models which mimic the behaviour of climat models. In particular we worked on the Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process(ASEP) and on the Zero Range Process (ZRP). This enabled us first to connect MEP to an other principle which is the maximum Kolmogorov-Sinaï entropy principle (MKS). Moreover the application of MEP on these systems gives results that are physically coherent. We then wanted to extend this link between MEP and MKS in more complicated systems, before showing that, for Markov Chains, maximise the KS entropy is the same as minimise the time the system takes to reach its stationnary state (mixing time). Thus, we applied MEP to the atmospheric convection
Herpe, Julien. "Caractérisation des performances des surfaces d'échange basée sur l'évaluation numérique du taux de production d'entropie : Application aux échangeurs de chaleur d'automobiles". Valenciennes, 2007. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/3074eb79-699c-460a-8414-06d91163304f.
Texto completoThis thesis presents a methodology for the characterization of automotive finned tube heat exchanger performances, which is based on the second law of thermodynamics. In order to integrate this methodology as a part of an optimization platform of finned surfaces, the proposed approach is based on the numerical tools. The study is focused on the estimation of the entropy production number N s1 = ƒ (S gen) and on the evolution of this criterion with respects to the key parameters of the fin surface design. A RANS approach is used to calculate each term of the entropy production rate S gen. We focus our attention on the entropy production rate near the wall and specific near wall treatments for the entropy production terms are introduced and discussed. With all local information obtained, the entropy production criterion is calculated. The methodology is first applied to a finned tube with longitudinal vortices generators. The angle of attack of the vortices generators and the fin material are modified in order to study the influence of the conjugated heat transfer on the entropy production rate. As a second step, louvered fins are examined. The influences on N s1 of the operating point, of the thermal contact resistance between the tube and the fin, and of geometrical parameters are examined. This study reveals the existence of a thermodynamic optimum which depends on these parameters. The entropy production number that links the viscous and thermal dissipation terms shows a competition between two antagonist phenomena and permits to determine the boundary that characterize the predominance of the one with respect to the other
El, Hajj Raymond. "Etude mathématique et numérique de modèles de transport : application à la spintronique". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00342139.
Texto completoEl, Hajjj Raymond. "Etude mathématique et numérique de modèles de transport". Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/353/.
Texto completoThis thesis is decomposed into three parts. The main part is devoted to the study of spin polarized currents in semiconductor materials. An hierarchy of microscopic and macroscopic models are derived and analyzed. These models takes into account the spin relaxation and precession mechanisms acting on the spin dynamics in semiconductors. We have essentially two mechanisms : the spin-orbit coupling and the spin-flip interactions. We begin by presenting a semiclassical analysis (via the Wigner transformation) of the Schrödinger equation with spin-orbit hamiltonian. At kinetic level, the spinor Vlasov (or Boltzmann) equation is an equation of distribution function with 2x2 hermitian positive matrix value. Starting then from the spinor form of the Boltzmann equation with different spin-flip and non spin-flip collision operators and using diffusion asymptotic technics, different continuum models are derived. We derive drift-diffusion, SHE and Energy-Transport models of two-components or spin-vector types with spin rotation and relaxation effects. Two numerical applications are then presented : the simulation of transistor with spin rotational effect and the study of spin accumulation effect in inhomogenous semiconductor interfaces. In the second part, the diffusion limit of the linear Boltzmann equation with a strong magnetic field is performed. The Larmor radius is supposed to be much smaller than the mean free path. The limiting equation is shown to be a diffusion equation in the parallel direction while in the orthogonal direction, the guiding center motion is obtained. The diffusion constant in the parallel direction is obtained through the study of a new collision operator obtained by averages of the original one. Moreover, a correction to the guiding center motion is derived. .