Artículos de revistas: "Preparation act"

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WATANABE, AKIRA. "Promotion Act for Preparation of Allotment Garden." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 9, n.º 4 (1991): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.9.4_56.

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Cowie, Mike y Megan Crawford. "Principal preparation – still an act of faith?" School Leadership & Management 27, n.º 2 (28 de marzo de 2007): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13632430701237198.

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Pedrazzoli, Liliana, Chantal Wälchli, Maria Brouver Vasilenko, Angela Kuck, Boris Müller-Hübenthal, Lukas Rist y Ana Paula Simões-Wüst. "Eurythmy Therapy in the Preparation of Patients for Surgery". Alternative and Complementary Therapies 19, n.º 4 (agosto de 2013): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/act.2013.19409.

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Dornan, Tim, Hannah Gillespie, Florence Findlay‐White, Ciara Lee, Helen Reid y Richard Conn. "Situation, Me, Act, and Check (SMAC): A toolkit that helps students learn to Act Wisely in practice". Clinical Teacher 19, n.º 1 (29 de diciembre de 2021): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tct.13444.

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Lapshin, V. F. y E. H. Nadiseva. "LEGAL CONTENT OF CATEGORY“PREPARATION FOR PERFORMANCE OF AN INTENTIONAL CRIME”". Russian Family Doctor, n.º 1 (15 de diciembre de 2020): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rfd10677.

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The implementation of criminal liability for an unfinished crime, interrupted at the stage of preparation, is not consistent with the basic criminal law requirements, since the act committed at the stage of preparation, clearly does not contain any signs of a crime or its composition. At the same time, the imposition of punishment is carried out in accordance with the sanction of the norms of the Special part of the criminal code, which indicates the existence of an act not actually committed by the convicted person. This allows us to raise questions about the legality and necessity of bringing a person to criminal responsibility for an act recognized as preparation for the Commission of an intentional crime. The analysis of provisions of the current criminal legislation, sources of scientific literature, and also materials of judicial practice on criminal cases about incrimination of preparatory actions, allowed to draw a conclusion according to which attraction of the person to responsibility for Commission of the act characterized as preparation for Commission of crime, contradicts the principle of legality and justice. In this regard, it is proposed to change the current criminal legislation, eliminating the rules on the preparation of the Institute of unfinished crime.

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Lapshin, V. F. y E. H. Nadiseva. "LEGAL CONTENT OF CATEGORY“PREPARATION FOR PERFORMANCE OF AN INTENTIONAL CRIME”". Russian Family Doctor, n.º 1 (15 de diciembre de 2020): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rfd10709.

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The implementation of criminal liability for an unfinished crime, interrupted at the stage of preparation, is not consistent with the basic criminal law requirements, since the act committed at the stage of preparation, clearly does not contain any signs of a crime or its composition. At the same time, the imposition of punishment is carried out in accordance with the sanction of the norms of the Special part of the criminal code, which indicates the existence of an act not actually committed by the convicted person. This allows us to raise questions about the legality and necessity of bringing a person to criminal responsibility for an act recognized as preparation for the Commission of an intentional crime. The analysis of provisions of the current criminal legislation, sources of scientific literature, and also materials of judicial practice on criminal cases about incrimination of preparatory actions, allowed to draw a conclusion according to which attraction of the person to responsibility for Commission of the act characterized as preparation for Commission of crime, contradicts the principle of legality and justice. In this regard, it is proposed to change the current criminal legislation, eliminating the rules on the preparation of the Institute of unfinished crime.

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7

Lapshin, V. F. y E. H. Nadiseva. "LEGAL CONTENT OF CATEGORY“PREPARATION FOR PERFORMANCE OF AN INTENTIONAL CRIME”". Yugra State University Bulletin 16, n.º 1 (15 de diciembre de 2020): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/byusu20200139-45.

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The implementation of criminal liability for an unfinished crime, interrupted at the stage of preparation, is not consistent with the basic criminal law requirements, since the act committed at the stage of preparation, clearly does not contain any signs of a crime or its composition. At the same time, the imposition of punishment is carried out in accordance with the sanction of the norms of the Special part of the criminal code, which indicates the existence of an act not actually committed by the convicted person. This allows us to raise questions about the legality and necessity of bringing a person to criminal responsibility for an act recognized as preparation for the Commission of an intentional crime. The analysis of provisions of the current criminal legislation, sources of scientific literature, and also materials of judicial practice on criminal cases about incrimination of preparatory actions, allowed to draw a conclusion according to which attraction of the person to responsibility for Commission of the act characterized as preparation for Commission of crime, contradicts the principle of legality and justice. In this regard, it is proposed to change the current criminal legislation, eliminating the rules on the preparation of the Institute of unfinished crime.

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8

Meropol, Neal J., Terrance Lynn Albrecht, Yu-Ning Wong, Al Bowen Benson, Joanne S. Buzaglo, Michael Collins, Jennifer Rachel Eads et al. "Randomized trial of a web-based intervention to address barriers to clinical trials." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, n.º 15_suppl (20 de mayo de 2013): 6500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.6500.

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6500 Background: Cancer patients (pts) have knowledge and attitudinal barriers to participation in clinical trials (CT). We developed PRE-ACT (Preparatory Education About Clinical Trials), a tailored, interactive, web-based intervention to address these barriers and improve preparation for consideration of CT as a treatment option. Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized, multicenter, phase III clinical trial of PRE-ACT vs. control (general text about CT excerpted from NCI materials). All assessments and interventions were conducted online. Cancer pts >18 years old were enrolled before initial oncologist consultation. Pts completed a baseline assessment including CT knowledge (19-item); CT attitudes (28-item); preparation for decision making (10-item); and validated measures of preferences for shared decision making and quality/length of life. PRE-ACT pts received a summary of their preferences and a list of their top CT barriers. Based on ranking of individual barriers, pts were presented with a video library of 30-90 second clips addressing their top barriers (10 maximum). After the educational intervention a follow up survey reassessed CT barriers and preparation. Results: 1255 pts were randomized; median age 59 (range 20-88); 58% female; 12% non-white / 2% Hispanic; 76.4% some college education. 1081 pts completed baseline and post-intervention assessments. The control and PRE-ACT groups both had improved knowledge, reduced attitudinal barriers, and improved preparation (p<.0001 for all comparisons). PRE-ACT was more effective than control in improving knowledge (p=.0006) and attitudes (p<.0001). Furthermore, pts in the PRE-ACT arm were more satisfied with the amount (p=.002) and format (<.0001) of information, and felt more prepared to consider CT (p=.0003). Conclusions: This large-scale randomized trial of a tailored, web-based, video intervention demonstrates that educational information delivered online before the oncologist visit can significantly reduce knowledge barriers and attitudinal barriers and improve preparation for consideration of clinical trials. Both text and PRE-ACT are effective, with greater improvements and satisfaction in the PRE-ACT group. Clinical trial information: NCT00750009.

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Awad, Fady, Mina Awad, Karen Mattick y Paul Dieppe. "Mental health in medical students: time to act". Clinical Teacher 16, n.º 4 (28 de junio de 2019): 312–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tct.13047.

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10

Marek, Karel. "Jak se upřesňuje zákon o veřejných zakázkách část 2". Forenzní vědy, právo, kriminalistika 6, n.º 1 (mayo de 2021): 34–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37355/vpk-2021/1-03.

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In the recent past, we discussed the legal regulation of public procurement in the Czech Republic. As an amendment to the Act on Procurement the European Commission. By submitting a draft amandment to the Act, Czech republic will fulfill the task of the European Commision. Minor adjustments may be made to the legislative process. However, today ́s treatise can contribute to the preparation of the addresses of the regulation (including the preparation of their internal regulations and procedures).

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11

Little, Susan Haynes y Jana Busick. "Creating a CNE Audit Tool Using the Plan-Do-Study-Act Model". Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing 50, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 2019): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20190115-02.

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12

Jones, Jason y Janee Both Gragg. "Transitional Foster Youth’s Perceptions of Preparation to Act as Self-Advocates". Family Journal 20, n.º 4 (12 de septiembre de 2012): 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066480712451423.

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Foster youth face a number of challenges as they transition from adolescence to young adulthood. Emancipation for foster youth occurs between the ages of 18 and 22, during which those successful in this transition are required to make well thought out decisions and act in their own best interest. However, few foster youth have learned the skills necessary to act as self-advocates. This in-depth phenomenological study explored the perceptions of three emancipated foster youth who were judged to be more effective self-advocates than their peers, concerning how prepared they felt to act as self-advocates. Research findings highlight the fact that many emancipated foster youth are rarely taught self-advocacy skills explicitly but rather learn the skills themselves through trial and error or happenstance and suggest ways that therapists can make the process. Research findings also suggest that acting as a self-advocate may enhance the educational choices and familial relationships of transitional foster youth.

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Tian, Yishen, Rong Hu, Guangshi Du y Na Xu. "Microfluidic Chips: Emerging Technologies for Adoptive Cell Immunotherapy". Micromachines 14, n.º 4 (19 de abril de 2023): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14040877.

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Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is a personalized therapy that has shown great success in treating hematologic malignancies in clinic, and has also demonstrated potential applications for solid tumors. The process of ACT involves multiple steps, including the separation of desired cells from patient tissues, cell engineering by virus vector systems, and infusion back into patients after strict tests to guarantee the quality and safety of the products. ACT is an innovative medicine in development; however, the multi-step method is time-consuming and costly, and the preparation of the targeted adoptive cells remains a challenge. Microfluidic chips are a novel platform with the advantages of manipulating fluid in micro/nano scales, and have been developed for various biological research applications as well as ACT. The use of microfluidics to isolate, screen, and incubate cells in vitro has the advantages of high throughput, low cell damage, and fast amplification rates, which can greatly simplify ACT preparation steps and reduce costs. Moreover, the customizable microfluidic chips fit the personalized demands of ACT. In this mini-review, we describe the advantages and applications of microfluidic chips for cell sorting, cell screening, and cell culture in ACT compared to other existing methods. Finally, we discuss the challenges and potential outcomes of future microfluidics-related work in ACT.

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14

Hynds, Robin L., Jessica L. Hatch y Joanne G. Samuels. "The Affordable Care Act 2010". Journal for Nurses in Professional Development 30, n.º 6 (2014): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nnd.0000000000000101.

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15

Modi, Kavan. "Preparation of States in Open Quantum Mechanics". Open Systems & Information Dynamics 18, n.º 03 (septiembre de 2011): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1230161211000170.

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We study preparation of states for open quantum mechanics. For non-Markovian systems that are initially correlated with the environment, the effects of the preparation procedure are nontrivial. This is due to the indirect effects on the state of the environment induced via the correlations with the system and the act of preparation on the system. We give three concrete examples of preparation procedure to elucidate our claims.

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16

Deol, Harnimarta, Gurpreet Singh, Manoj Kumar y Vandana Bhalla. "Metal nanoparticles embedded in AIEE active supramolecular assemblies: robust, green and reusable nanocatalysts". Dalton Transactions 48, n.º 15 (2019): 4769–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9dt00307j.

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Multi-functional AIEE-active supramolecular assemblies act as nanoreactors for the preparation of different types of metal NPs. The in situ generated metal NPs stabilized by supramolecular assemblies act as nanocatalysts for various organic transformations under thermal/visible light irradiation.

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17

Long, Zhihao. "Progress in the Application of Targeted Agents in Non-small Cell Cancer". International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences 2, n.º 3 (22 de mayo de 2023): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijbls.v2i3.8645.

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Research subject: primary targeted preparation, that is, the drug is released from the capillary bed into the target site; Secondary targeted preparation, that is, drug release from special cells (such as tumor cells) entering the target; Tertiary targeted preparations are drugs that act on certain parts of cells. Research methods: Compared with traditional preparations, targeted preparations can improve drug selectivity, reduce adverse reactions, enhance efficacy and improve patient compliance, and become the focus of new drug research and development. Therefore, scientific and reasonable targeted evaluation techniques and methods should be established based on this point to improve the safety, effectiveness and quality control of such drug preparations. Objective: This paper reviews the targeted application of anti-tumor targeting agents, and introduces the targeted technology and application from the aspects of targeting and pharmacology, so as to provide reference for the development trend of anti-tumor targeting agents in the future. Conclusion: According to the study, attention should be paid to improving the drug encapsulation rate and drug loading, and increasing the drug stability, so as to obtain drug preparations with large drug loading, good stability and strong targeting.

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Calderwood, Audrey H., Elaine M. Mahoney y Brian C. Jacobson. "A Plan-Do-Study-Act Approach to Improving Bowel Preparation Quality". American Journal of Medical Quality 32, n.º 2 (9 de julio de 2016): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1062860616628642.

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Up to 20% of patients presenting for colonoscopy have inadequate bowel cleanliness. In this study, the Plan-Do-Study-Act quality improvement process was used to improve bowel cleanliness among outpatients undergoing screening colonoscopy at Boston Medical Center. Rates of inadequate bowel cleanliness were assessed at baseline (April 2010 to September 2012), during several rapid-cycle experiments (October 2012 to September 2013), and through an observation phase (October 2013 to September 2015). The baseline rate of inadequate cleanliness was 9% with a target of 5%. Gap analysis identified 3 areas amenable to specific interventions: contacting patients, commitment to the procedure, and complexity and variation in instructions. Rates of inadequate cleanliness decreased to 4% at the end of the last intervention, but began rising for new reasons. Standardizing instructions and the use of navigators improved preparation quality. Bowel cleanliness is the end result of a multistep process with areas for improvement at many levels. Long-term monitoring is required to ensure ongoing success.

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Narotama, Indra y Lathifah Hanim. "Investigation Action Against Children Who Are Circulating Pharmaceuticals Stocks That Does Not Have Permission In Jurisdictions Police Resort (Polres) Kudus". Jurnal Daulat Hukum 2, n.º 1 (15 de marzo de 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v2i1.4205.

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This research to know the legal basis for investigation of cases of children who distribute pharmaceutical preparation which does not have a marketing authorization, the implementation of the investigation on the case of children who distribute pharmaceutical preparation which does not have a marketing authorization in the territory of the police station of the Kudus, barriers and solutions in the implementation of the investigation on the case of children who circulate preparations pharmacy that does not have a marketing authorization in the territory of the Kudus Police.The method used is empirical juridical methods. Specifications research used the descriptive analysis. Data was collected by interviewing the parties involved in research, direct observation and recording of documents.The results showed that the basic legal basis for investigation of trafficking cases and abuse of pharmaceutical preparations without a marketing authorization is Act No.36 of 2009 on Health, which sentencing criminal offense trafficking and abuse of pharmaceutical preparations without a marketing authorization provided for in Article 197, it refers to the the provisions of Article 106 paragraph (1) in the form of pharmaceutical preparations and medical devices can only be released after obtaining marketing authorization. The process of investigation of the case of children who distribute pharmaceuticals do not have a marketing authorization in the territory of the Kudus Police have been done by the procedural law in Indonesia, namely the Criminal Code, it is proved to have been implemented procedures Investigators action in the process of investigation. The process of investigation is also under the provisions of Article 189Undang Act No. 36 of 2009 on Health and Act No. 3 of 1997 on Juvenile Court and the provisions of Article 82 of Act No. 23 of 2002 on Child Protection. Barriers faced by investigators Kudus Police in carrying out investigation on the case of children who distribute pharmaceuticals do not have a marketing authorization in the jurisdiction of the Kudus Police is limited both the quantity and quality of human resources of law enforcement officers who understand the case for children, operating costs, low awareness of the witness in attending the examination process, the lack of legal awareness of the society and time specified in the investigation of cases children are very little, while filing must be submitted as soon as possible.Keywords: Investigation; Children; Pharmacy Circulation Without Permission.

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Papatzimas, James, Evgueni Gorobets, Duncan Brownsey, Ranjan Maity, Nizar Bahlis y Darren Derksen. "A General Strategy for the Preparation of Thalidomide-Conjugate Linkers". Synlett 28, n.º 20 (23 de agosto de 2017): 2881–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1588539.

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The synthesis of small-molecule linkers for installation of thalidomide-based conjugates is described. Linker properties have been recognized as vital to conjugate success in drug discovery and delivery systems. These small-molecule tethers act as linkages between molecules, can also aid in cell permeability, and act as solubilizing agents. This work shows our progress in synthesizing conjugates with a variety of linker characteristics. The adaptability and manipulation of these and other linkers holds potential in improving synthetic control of chemical connectivities toward therapeutic development.

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Kertaningrum, Prita Hapsari y Widayati Widayati. "Community Participation In Development Of Environmental Impact Analysis Documents (AMDAL) Based On Arnstein Concept". Law Development Journal 3, n.º 2 (17 de julio de 2021): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/ldj.3.2.175-183.

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With the enactment of Act No. 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation, Act No. 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management underwent changes, so that one of the main changes is community participation in the process of preparing the Environmental Impact Analysis (AMDAL) document. This article examines community participation in the preparation of the AMDAL document based on the Job Creation Act according to the concept of community participation by Arnstein. With a normative juridical approach, it can be concluded that community participation in the preparation of AMDAL documents according to the Job Creation Law is included in the second level (Tokenism) meaning that public participation is limited in the form of submitting suggestions, opinions and responses but there is no guarantee that the opinions expressed will be considered in decision-making.

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Daud, Nur Saadah, Ade Ainun Insani y Eny Nurhikma. "FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF PEEL-OFF GEL MASK FROM EXTRACT OF RED SPINACH (Amaranthus tricolor L.)". Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis 7, n.º 3 (18 de enero de 2022): 332–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v7i3.6095.

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Red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) contains various secondary metabolites that act as antioxidants. These activities can be used to maintain the health of facial skin due to the negative impact of free radicals in the form of cosmetic preparations of peel-off gel mask. This study aims to make a peel-off gel mask preparation from red spinach extract that meets the requirements for physical evaluation of the preparation. The extraction process was carried out by maceration method using 96% ethanol as solvent. The thick extract was then made into a peel-off gel mask preparation with variations in extract concentration of 0.5% (F1), 1% (F2), and 2% (F3). Furthermore, physical evaluation of the preparation at room temperature for 4 weeks of storage, drying time test, irritation test, preference test, and cycling test was carried out. The red spinach used has been determined as Amaranthus tricolor L. The results of phytochemical screening of the thick extract showed that the extract contained positive alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids. The results of the evaluation showed that all preparations met the physical evaluation requirements and were not irritating. The higher the concentration of the extract, the darker the color of the preparation and the higher the pH and viscosity values. The preparation was stable during storage at room temperature but decreased in pH value and dispersion after passing 6 cycles of cycling test. The results of the preference test showed 60% of respondents liked F3, which is a formula with a dark green color, a distinctive aroma of red spinach, homogeneous, pH 7.54, dispersion of 6.2 cm, the viscosity of 7200 cps and drying time of 20.23 minutes.

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Lyons, Margaret G. "Open Access Is Almost Here: Navigating Through Copyright, Fair Use, and the TEACH Act". Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing 41, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 2010): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20100126-03.

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Cahya, Cucu Arum Dwi y Rahmah Tusyifa. "WORKSHOP OF FORMULATION AND EVALUATION BLUSH ON PREPARATION FROM RED ROSE EXTRACT (ROSA DAMASCENE MILL)". JURNAL PENGMAS KESTRA (JPK) 2, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2022): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jpk.v2i1.1116.

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Blush On is a cosmetic preparation that can be used to color the cheeks and aims to produce a tapered and fresher accent on the face. Roses (Rosa damscene Mill) is known to have anthocyanin content that serves as a natural dye and as a bioactive compound that can act as a free radical catching material. The purpose of this study is to make use of red roses as a natural dye on cosmetic preparations namely blush. The extract is obtained by maceration using aquadest and citric acid, blush on formulation made dye from red rose extract with a concentration of 2%, 4% with talcum, zinc oxide, kaolin and nipagin ingredients. Tests conducted include: homogeneity test, organoleptic test, pH test, oles test, irritation test, and crack test. The results of the study with a concentration of 2% and 4% produced a homogeneous blush, pH preparations ranging from 5.0 – 5.5, not cracked when dropped from a height of 8-10 inches, preparations do not irritate. The conclusion of this study shows that red rose extract (Rosa damscene Mill) can be used as a dye in blush preparations. the higher the concentration of the extract used, the darker the pigment color on the preparation.

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Kenner, Carole, Jana L. Pressler y Harriet R. Parmar. "A Red and Black Balancing Act?" Nurse Educator 32, n.º 6 (noviembre de 2007): 231–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nne.0000299481.31636.54.

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Callahan, Rebecca, David DeMatthews y Pedro Reyes. "The Impact of Brown on EL Students: Addressing Linguistic and Educational Rights Through School Leadership Practice and Preparation". Journal of Research on Leadership Education 14, n.º 4 (26 de septiembre de 2019): 281–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942775119878464.

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In 1974, the Supreme Court drew on the 1954 Brown decision in Lau v Nichols, placing English learner (EL) students’ right to a meaningful education at the forefront of educational policy. Subsequent federal decisions and legislation (i.e., Castañeda; Equal Educational Opportunities Act [EEOA], No Child Left Behind [NCLB], and Every Student Succeeds Act [ESSA]) have placed the responsibility for providing quality educational programming on districts, schools, and school leaders. In this article, we propose a framework for the integration of linguistic equity in leadership preparation and an historical case of a university-based principal preparation program that has integrated this framework into coursework and clinical experiences.

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27

Bottequin, Jean-Marie. "STOP & ACT – Impro-Theater as Psycho-Drama". Global Psychotherapist 3, n.º 1 (20 de enero de 2023): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52982/lkj185.

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The article presents the technique of “Stop & Act” developed by the author, a special kind of improvisational theater. It is a derivative of psycho-drama based on Jacob Levi Moreno and intended for larger groups. In improvised play, “challenging” issues, e.g. unresolved or still “pending” conflicts, interests or other explosive topics, are openly discussed and acted out in short theater scenes, without too much staging. The goals, rules, target audience, benefits of impro-theater are given in the article. The most important aspects of the “Stop & Act” were described such as: the preparation stage, the script, the game, the actors, go-go-girls, the stage, the audience, the presenter, the feedback and the investment.

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SÖDERMAN, TARJA y TUOMAS KALLIO. "STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT IN FINLAND: AN EVALUATION OF THE SEA ACT APPLICATION". Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 11, n.º 01 (marzo de 2009): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333209003269.

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Experiences from the Finnish Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Act were studied by surveying 35 SEA processes. Integration of plan or programme preparation and assessment, organisation of assessment, public participation and consultation, treatment of alternatives, scoping, impact assessment methods, effectiveness, environmental reporting, follow-up, effects on plan or programme preparation, assessment costs and consistency of the assessment were examined and evaluated. The results suggest that SEA is not yet used properly in decision-making. Several shortcomings characterised assessment practices in public participation, establishment and comparison of alternatives, definition of environmental problems, recognition of significant impacts and readiness to use SEA as a planning tool to integrate environmental considerations into the planning. In consequence, the assessments had only minor effects on the adopted plans and programmes. The most critical challenges in Finnish SEA practise are focusing on the most significant environmental issues and strengthening the links between planning, participation and decision-making.

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Kozłowska, Małgorzata Klaudia. "Special roads act as a legal instrument which improve road investments in Poland". Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2018, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 2018): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_18_02_05.

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The development of the national road network, its constant expansion and modernization is the basis for the long-term economic and civilization advancement of the country. Before accession to the European Union in May 2004. Poland had the least developed road infrastructure among all the candidate countries. From 25.05.2003 in polish legal system is in force the Act concerning the preparation and implementation of investment in public roads. The intention of the legislature was to simplify the procedures for the preparation and realization of investments in public roads to enable creation of efficient transport connections via a modern network of highways, expressways and roads of other categories. Special road act is a legal tool by which the national road network can be developed efficiently and in a simplified way.

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Holmes, V. A. y J. M. W. Wallace. "Haemostasis in normal pregnancy: a balancing act?" Biochemical Society Transactions 33, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 2005): 428–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0330428.

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Pregnancy is a risk factor for venous thrombosis and the incidence of venous thromboembolism during normal pregnancy is 6-fold higher during pregnancy than in the general female population of child-bearing age. This incidence is, however, remarkably low given the increases in markers of haemostatic activation observed during normal pregnancy. During normal healthy pregnancy there are substantial changes in the haemostatic system, many of which are procoagulant and supposed to be in preparation for the haemostatic challenge of delivery. Normal haemostasis requires a balance between coagulation and fibrinolysis to maintain the integrity of the vasculature, and complex physiological changes are evident during pregnancy which appear to ensure a constant coagulation/fibrinolysis balance. This balance is maintained, at least partly, by an increase in fibrinolytic activity, but decreases in other factors such as factor XI and monocyte tissue factor expression may also serve to counterbalance procoagulant changes.

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31

Shah-Khan, Sardar Musa, Jeremy Cumberledge y Gorman Joel Reynolds. "Using the plan-do-study-act approach to improve inpatient colonoscopy preparation". BMJ Open Quality 6, n.º 2 (diciembre de 2017): e000230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2017-000230.

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Shah-Khan, Sardar M., Jeremy D. Cumberledge y Joel Reynolds. "Using the Plan-Do-Study-Act Approach to Improve Inpatient Colonoscopy Preparation". American Journal of Gastroenterology 112 (octubre de 2017): S599. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/00000434-201710001-01099.

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Kuznetsova, Anna, Sergey Gridnev y Anna Drygina. "The effectiveness of the use of microbiological preparations when interacting with seed stocks of the genus Prunus L." E3S Web of Conferences 285 (2021): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128502003.

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An important element of increasing the efficiency of production of high-quality planting material of fruit crops according to the criteria of environmental management, resource conservation and productivity is the use of adaptive, technological rootstocks, as well as microbiological preparations that are environmentally friendly and multifunctional. They stimulate plant growth by changing their hormonal status, act as fungicides, as bio protectors, forcing the plant turn into its defense mechanisms, as bio fertilizers that promote the absorption of atmospheric nitrogen by plants, hard-to-reach forms of phosphorus, a number of trace elements, have an anti-stress effect, etc. To control the process of obtaining seedlings of the highest quality category, it is necessary to study the living system “plant-microbiological preparation-environment”. As a result of this research, it was found that the high temperature background in combination with severe drought, observed during the years of research, adversely affected both the development of rootstocks in the first field of the nursery, and the effect of microbiological preparations. When developing resource-saving elements in technology - the selection of genotypes and microbiological preparations for growing rootstocks, bypassing the school of seedlings, form 3-106 was highlighted, when using the preparation Pseudobacterin-2. Found a regularity - a positive interaction in the conditions of the Ust-Labinsk district of OLL “Experimental Nursery (EN) named after K.A. Timiryazev” seedlings of rootstocks for sweet cherry and cherry, of different origin, and the preparation Pseudobacterin-2. In conditions of high temperatures in the spring-summer period, the isolated preparation increased the germination capacity and the yield of high-quality planting material.

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Saidin, Nurulaina, Fadilah Abd Rahman y Noriham Abdullah. "A critical analysis of the legal framework on animal feed in Malaysia: with special reference to the Feed Act 2009". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, n.º 2.10 (2 de abril de 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.10.10947.

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In the halal food supply chain, animal feed is an essential element which has direct implication for the safety, quality and halal integrity of animal-based food products. Comprehensive monitoring and control in the preparation, production, storage, and distribution of the animal feed are needed to ensure acceptable quality standard. Matters related to the importation, manufacture, sale and uses of feed and feed additive in Malaysia is regulated under the Feed Act 2009 and its regulations. This Act is introduced to ensure the quality and safety of feed by controlling the importation, manufacture, sale, and uses of feed and feed additive. In the context of animal feed in Malaysia, this paper seeks to highlight and examine its legal framework, focusing on the analysis of the Feed Act 2009. This study utilises qualitative approach using library research. The findings of the study demonstrate that, despite the existence of a specific law governing the animal feed activities, there is no provision addresses the issue of halal in the ingredients, preparation, production, storage, and distribution of animal feed. It is therefore suggested that a halal standard for animal feed preparation, production, storage, and distribution is further be developed to enhance the production of halal and safe animal feed in Malaysia.

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Keith, Kenneth J. ""Concerning Change": the Adoption and Implementation of the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990". Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 31, n.º 4 (1 de noviembre de 2000): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v31i4.5933.

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This article draws on a paper delivered by the author, a Judge of the New Zealand Court of Appeal, to the 10th Anniversary International Conference of the Society for the Reform of Criminal Law, London, 27 July – 1 August 1997. In it, the author comments on the process leading to the enactment of the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 and its implementation. The origins and basic characteristics of the Act are discussed, and the impact of the Act on the preparation of legislation is explored. The author then considers the impact of the Act on the Courts and raises some important issues and questions regarding the future of the Act.

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Kadaryanto, Bagio. "The Implications Of The Establishment Of New Autonomous Regions Based On Act 23/2014". Al-Risalah 17, n.º 01 (17 de enero de 2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30631/al-risalah.v17i01.14.

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Consequences of the implementation of the Act Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government spawned extraordinary complexity of the problems in some areas. One of the problems that arise is a rampant discourse of regional expansion that occurs both at the provincial and district/city. In essence, the establishment, merger, and abolition of the area aim to improve public services to be more optimal, shorten the span of control, and accelerate the welfare of society in strengthening the integrity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the implications of the establishment of new autonomous regions in the frame of the Republic of Indonesia based on Act Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government; and to understand the implications of the establishment of new autonomous regions preparation for improving people's welfare by Act Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government. This type of research is a normative legal research. Methods and techniques of data collection through library studies or studies document. Mechanicalanalysis of legal material is a descriptive qualitative. Conclusions from this research are that the implications of the establishment of regional preparation of new autonomous within the framework of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia before Act Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government due to the local communities feel there is an imbalance of equity and fairness between regions with each other in the local government areas. Implications of the establishment of new autonomous regions preparation for improving people's welfare by Act Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government that in order to establish an area or region of the expansion needed a measure as the basis for the determination. Establishment and expansion of new areas should be based on the divisions that are objective with those aspects of the financing of Human Resources and other support facilities.

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Kadaryanto, Bagio. "The Implications Of The Establishment Of New Autonomous Regions Based On Act 23/2014". Al-Risalah: Forum Kajian Hukum dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan 17, n.º 01 (17 de enero de 2018): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.30631/alrisalah.v17i01.14.

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Consequences of the implementation of the Act Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government spawned extraordinary complexity of the problems in some areas. One of the problems that arise is a rampant discourse of regional expansion that occurs both at the provincial and district/city. In essence, the establishment, merger, and abolition of the area aim to improve public services to be more optimal, shorten the span of control, and accelerate the welfare of society in strengthening the integrity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the implications of the establishment of new autonomous regions in the frame of the Republic of Indonesia based on Act Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government; and to understand the implications of the establishment of new autonomous regions preparation for improving people's welfare by Act Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government. This type of research is a normative legal research. Methods and techniques of data collection through library studies or studies document. Mechanicalanalysis of legal material is a descriptive qualitative. Conclusions from this research are that the implications of the establishment of regional preparation of new autonomous within the framework of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia before Act Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government due to the local communities feel there is an imbalance of equity and fairness between regions with each other in the local government areas. Implications of the establishment of new autonomous regions preparation for improving people's welfare by Act Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government that in order to establish an area or region of the expansion needed a measure as the basis for the determination. Establishment and expansion of new areas should be based on the divisions that are objective with those aspects of the financing of Human Resources and other support facilities.

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38

Zezin, Alexey A., Vladimir I. Feldman, Sergei S. Abramchuk, Gurgen V. Danelyan, Victor V. Dyo, Felix A. Plamper, Axel H. E. Müller y Dmitry V. Pergushov. "Efficient size control of copper nanoparticles generated in irradiated aqueous solutions of star-shaped polyelectrolyte containers". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, n.º 17 (2015): 11490–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp00269a.

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Burkholder, Eric, Lena Blackmon y Carl Wieman. "What factors impact student performance in introductory physics?" PLOS ONE 15, n.º 12 (17 de diciembre de 2020): e0244146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244146.

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In a previous study, we found that students' incoming preparation in physics—crudely measured by concept inventory prescores and math SAT or ACT scores—explains 34% of the variation in Physics 1 final exam scores at Stanford University. In this study, we sought to understand the large variation in exam scores not explained by these measures of incoming preparation. Why are some students’ successful in physics 1 independent of their preparation? To answer this question, we interviewed 34 students with particularly low concept inventory prescores and math SAT/ACT scores about their experiences in the course. We unexpectedly found a set of common practices and attitudes. We found that students’ use of instructional resources had relatively little impact on course performance, while student characteristics, student attitudes, and students’ interactions outside the classroom all had a more substantial impact on course performance. These results offer some guidance as to how instructors might help all students succeed in introductory physics courses.

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40

Aldossary, Sara Abdulraman. "Sesamol counter act toxicity of arsenic on testicular tissues". Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences 11, n.º 5 (31 de octubre de 2022): 5259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v11i5.3794.

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The main aim of the study includes analyzing the protective effects of sesamol of testicular in arsenic-induced toxicity. Primarily there have been different treatments and sample preparation methods that includethe mixing of drugs seasonal and arsenic, as they were immersed into the aqueous solution of tween 80 and further arsenic stabilisation was done using gum of 0.2%. A total of four groups, each group having 8 rats selected. Testicular catalase is decreased in arsenic treated rats whereas testicular (Glutathione synthetase) GSH, testicular (nitric oxide) NO and testicular malondialdehyde are increased in arsenic treated rats. These indicate sesamol has a protective effect against arsenic induced testicular toxicity.

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Meropol, Neal J., Yu-Ning Wong, Terrance Albrecht, Sharon Manne, Suzanne M. Miller, Anne Lederman Flamm, Al Bowen Benson et al. "Randomized Trial of a Web-Based Intervention to Address Barriers to Clinical Trials". Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, n.º 5 (10 de febrero de 2016): 469–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.63.2257.

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Purpose Lack of knowledge and negative attitudes have been identified as barriers to participation in clinical trials by patients with cancer. We developed Preparatory Education About Clinical Trials (PRE-ACT), a theory-guided, Web-based, interactive computer program, to deliver tailored video educational content to patients in an effort to overcome barriers to considering clinical trials as a treatment option. Patients and Methods A prospective, randomized clinical trial compared PRE-ACT with a control condition that provided general clinical trials information produced by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in text format. One thousand two hundred fifty-five patients with cancer were randomly allocated before their initial visit with an oncologist to PRE-ACT (n = 623) or control (n = 632). PRE-ACT had three main components: assessment of clinical trials knowledge and attitudinal barriers, values assessment with clarification back to patients, and provision of a video library tailored to address each patient’s barriers. Outcomes included knowledge and attitudes and preparation for decision making about clinical trials. Results Both PRE-ACT and control interventions improved knowledge and attitudes (all P < .001) compared with baseline. Patients randomly allocated to PRE-ACT showed a significantly greater increase in knowledge (P < .001) and a significantly greater decrease in attitudinal barriers (P < .001) than did their control (text-only) counterparts. Participants in both arms significantly increased their preparedness to consider clinical trials (P < .001), and there was a trend favoring the PRE-ACT group (P < .09). PRE-ACT was also associated with greater patient satisfaction than was NCI text alone. Conclusion These data show that patient education before the first oncologist visit improves knowledge, attitudes, and preparation for decision making about clinical trials. Both text and tailored video were effective. The PRE-ACT interactive video program was more effective than NCI text in improving knowledge and reducing attitudinal barriers.

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Warren, Chezare A. "Empathy, Teacher Dispositions, and Preparation for Culturally Responsive Pedagogy". Journal of Teacher Education 69, n.º 2 (16 de junio de 2017): 169–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022487117712487.

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Culturally responsive pedagogy (CRP) offers elaborate empirical and theoretical conventions for becoming an effective teacher of diverse youth. Empathy has been found to improve classroom teachers’ capacity to (re)act or respond to youth in ways that produce evidence of CRP. However, there are too few instructive models in teacher education that help connect teacher candidates’ knowledge of students and communities to development of efficacious physical habits, tendencies, and trends in observable behavior or teacher dispositions. The application of empathy operationalized through perspective taking is one such model useful to preparing teacher candidates to make professional decisions that produce evidence of CRP. Engaging teacher candidates in perspective taking—adopting the social perspectives of others as an act and process of knowing—invites them to obtain (and reason with) new knowledge of students and the sociocultural context where she or he will teach. Recommendations for modeling and practicing perspective taking in teacher education are discussed.

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Bakkiyaraj, R., G. Bharath, K. Hasini Ramsait, Ahmed Abdel-Wahab, Edreese H. Alsharaeh, Shen-Ming Chen y M. Balakrishnan. "Solution combustion synthesis and physico-chemical properties of ultrafine CeO2 nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activity". RSC Advances 6, n.º 56 (2016): 51238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra00382f.

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44

Gooden, Mark A., Bradley W. Davis, Daniel D. Spikes, Dottie L. Hall y Linda Lee. "Leaders Changing how they Act by Changing how They Think: Applying Principles of an Anti-Racist Principal Preparation Program". Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 120, n.º 14 (noviembre de 2018): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811812001409.

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Systemic racism and the impending inequities in schooling persist, making it apparent the concept of race still matters when it comes to educational leadership. In response, this chapter examines linkages between principal preparation programs, the orientations of the aspiring leaders enrolled within them, and the potential for program graduates to facilitate institutional change for racial equity. The concept of anti-racist leadership is explored to better understand how principal preparation programs can better prepare aspiring leaders to address how race, power, and individual, institutional, and cultural racism impact beliefs, structures, and outcomes for students of color. This preparation is accomplished by examining how a principal preparation program, adopting an anti-racist curriculum, further develops the racial consciousness of its predominantly White student cohort. The anti-racist curriculum made the impact of race more salient to students and had an impact on their leadership beliefs, decisions, and actions once they served in school leadership positions.

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45

Atwood, L., C. James, G. P. Morris y S. Vanner. "Cellular pathways of mast cell- and capsaicin-sensitive nerve-evoked ileal submucosal arteriolar dilations". American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 275, n.º 5 (1 de noviembre de 1998): G1063—G1072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1998.275.5.g1063.

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This study characterized mast cell- and capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerve vasodilator mechanisms regulating submucosal arterioles in the guinea pig ileum. The outside diameter of arterioles in in vitro submucosal preparations from milk-sensitized guinea pigs was monitored using videomicroscopy. Superfusion of the cow’s milk protein, β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg; 5 μM), evoked large dilations, which became completely desensitized. β-Lg-evoked dilations were blocked by pyrilamine or N G-monomethyl-l-arginine plus indomethacin but not by TTX. Electron microscopic studies revealed that mast cells, in preparations receiving β-Lg, demonstrated significant reductions of the dispersed and intact granule areas compared with preparations not exposed to β-Lg. Paired experiments were conducted to determine if capsaicin-sensitive, nerve-evoked responses involved mast cell degranulation. One preparation received capsaicin (200 nM) followed by β-Lg (5 μM); the other preparation received the drugs in reverse order. Prior treatment with capsaicin or β-Lg had no effect on subsequent dilations evoked by the alternate treatment. Electron microscopy showed that nerve-arteriole associations were 10 times closer than nerve-mast cell associations. Mast cell numbers were not increased by milk sensitization. These findings suggest that mast cell- and capsaicin-sensitive nerve-evoked vasodilator mechanisms act independently in a model in which mast cell numbers are not increased.

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46

&NA;. "2014 Changes to the Affordable Care Act". Nurse Educator 38, n.º 6 (2013): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nne.0000435275.24011.58.

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Wang, M. K. y E. W. Overstrom. "77CLONED EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN VITRO: COMPARISON OF CONVENTIONAL AND INDUCED ENUCLEATION PROCEDURES FOR BOVINE CYTOPLAST PREPARATION". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 16, n.º 2 (2004): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv16n1ab77.

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Induced enucleation (IE) of oocytes with demecolcine produces competent ooplasts for SCNT as demonstrated previously in mouse, goat, cow and pig. Whether bovine IE cytoplasts are more or less competent than conventionally enucleated MII oocytes to support nuclear reprogramming of somatic chromatin and embryo development in vitro is not known. This study compared in vitro development of cloned bovine embryos produced by conventional and IE enucleation methods. Three experimental groups were: (1) Parthenogenetic controls. In vitro-matured, MII-arrested bovine oocytes were activated by a single (1×Act, 10μM ionomycin in Tyrodes-HEPES, 5min) or double activation (2×Act; 1×Act, wash 5min, 10μgmL−1 cycloheximide [CHX] 20min, repeat 1×Act) followed by incubation in CHX and 5μgmL−1 cytochalasin B (CB) for 6h, and then culture (BARC medium) for 7 days. (2) Conventional SCNT. MII oocytes were enucleated by micromanipulation in HEPES-buffered enucleation medium (BARC containing 7.5μgmL−1 CB, 5μgmL−1 Hoechst 33342, 10% FBS) under UV illumination (3–5s). Donor cells (fibroblasts, passage 7–9) were inserted into the perivitelline space, and the reconstructed couplets activated (1×Act). Reconstructed couplets were then electrofused, placed in BARC medium containing 10μgmL−1 CHX and 5μgmL−1 CB (6h), and then cultured for 7 days. (3) IE SCNT. MII oocytes were activated (1×Act), placed into BARC-5% FBS containing 0.4μgmL−1 demecolcine (DEME), 10μgmL−1 CHX, 2μgmL−1 cytochalasin D for 20min, then 20min without DEME, then returned to DEME. At 1–1.5h post-activation, the extruding second polar body (PB2) containing nuclear chromatin was removed by micromanipulation, couplets were reconstructed and fused as above, and additionally activated (two pulses, 20–30V/mm, 20μs). Embryos were cultured in 10μgmL−1 CHX and 5μgmL−1 CB medium for 4–5 hour, then BARC for 7 days. The results (Table 1) reveal that 2×Act increases embryo development at Day 2, but not Day 7. Further, there are no significant differences in embryo development rates between conventional and IE SCNT protocols. Respectively, 46%, 32% and 21% of cleaved control (1×Act), conventional and IE embryos developed to 16 cells on Day 7. In vitro development of cleavage embryos to the blastocyst stage was greater in controls (25–32%) than in conventional (22%) and IE (17%) SCNT groups on Day 7. Further comparisons of in vivo development between conventional and IE SCNT methods following embryo transfer are warranted. Supported by ACT, Cyagra and USDA NRI \#2001-35205-09966. Table 1 Embryo development: Conventional v. induced enucleation

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Suhesti, Tuti Sri, M. Mudrik H. Rohman y Sunarto Sunarto. "Formulation of Gel Hand Sanitizer of Nagasari Leaf Extract (Mesua ferrea L.)". Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 1 (5 de enero de 2022): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v1i1.36465.

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Nagasari (Mesua ferrea L.) is one of the biodiversity to be developed as an antiseptic preparation. These plants are known to contain flavonoid compounds, tannins, and terpenoids that act as antibacterial. Hand sanitizer gel preparations can increase the effectiveness of topically. The physical properties of a good gel depend on a gelling agent, one of which is HPMC. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in HPMC levels on physical properties and antibacterial activity. Gels were prepared with various HPMC levels of 1%, 2%, and 3%. The gel was tested for physical properties and stability. All formulas produced preparations that met the requirements for good physical properties and stability. Testing of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus showed that an increase in HPMC levels could decrease the ability to release the active substance of the preparation. The diameter of the inhibition zone obtained was 10.0 mm (HPMC 1%); 9.5 mm (2% HPMC) and 8.0 mm (3% HPMC). Increasing the concentration of HPMC will increase the viscosity and adhesion but decrease the spreadability. The three formulas had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with moderate criteria.Keywords: Extract of nagasari leaf, Gel, HPMC, Staphylococcus aureus

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Pawłowski, Sławomir. "Lex deweloper – analiza porównawcza projektu pierwotnego specustawy mieszkaniowej z ostatecznie uchwaloną ustawą". Studia Prawa Publicznego, n.º 2 (30) (15 de junio de 2020): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/spp.2020.2.30.2.

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The study is a comparative analysis of the original draft Act on facilitating the preparation and implementation of housing and associated investments, i.e. from March 2018 with the text finally adopted on 5 July 2018. Making such comparative analysis is justified by significant changes that occurred in the original concept of the act intended to encourage private investors to significantly accelerate the fulfilment of housing needs in Poland. Being similar to special public investment acts, the act initially established the voivode as the authority competent to take the final decision in the first instance. In addition, this decision was to take the form of an integrated decision, in which not only permission for the location of a residential investment would be issued, but also, in a simplified mode, consent for cutting down trees in cities would be obtained. These and other solutions were criticized during public consultations, and these opinions were taken into account. This elaboration will present the thesis that the original shape of the Act on facilitating the preparation and implementation of housing and associated investments would unjustifiably affect the planning authority of the commune, whose position would be marginalized. In addition, there is also a discussion of the legal nature of the location decision, which in the adopted act took the form of a commune council resolution. This part of the study will first analyze the legal nature of municipal council resolutions in general, including whether they will always take the form of general and abstract acts. This will be the starting point for assessing whether this resolution will constitute a general act of applying the law, i.e. a general administrative act.

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Huang, Xiaofei, Yichuan Pang, Yalan Liu, Yi Zhou, Zhengke Wang y Qiaoling Hu. "Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles with high antimicrobial activity and low cytotoxicity using catechol-conjugated chitosan". RSC Advances 6, n.º 69 (2016): 64357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra09035d.

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Catechol-conjugated chitosan was synthesized to act as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the preparation of silver nanoparticles. The resulting silver nanoparticles exhibit strong antibacterial activity and low cytotoxicity.

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