Tesis sobre el tema "Pour un oui pour un non"
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Bouchet-Fouillet, Marie. "Les mots comme peinture en noir et blanc : de l'impossible partage dans la pièce Pour un oui ou pour un non de Nathalie Sarraute, au possible partage d'une création". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ2004.
Texto completoThis work on Nathalie Sarraute's piece, Pour un oui ou pour un non, rests on two bases each composed of two parts. The first part of the base I addresses the heuristic approach including the contextualization of the piece and the methodical reading of two scenes: the opening scene and the window scene. Both, under cover of showing a friendship stamped by the general opinion, reveal the irreducible and nevertheless complementary opposition, of two characters at the same time attracted and repulsed by the world of the Other. Behind an intonation hides the subtle interplay of misunderstandings and misunderstandings that make H.1 and H.2 two sides of the same coin. The second part concerns the study of the play in the field: in a professional terminable class and a theater workshop. This approach allows the piece and its author to be made accessible to an audience unfamiliar with this type of work. Professional terminal students produced a short film. As for the students of the theater course, different readings of the play allowed them to progress in the work on the voice and the gestures.The second base including the creation part is based on the writing of a "play": At the edges of a world, in the form of dialogues built from impressions or spontaneous reminiscences. The writing evolves over the remarks of the two readers who act out a chosen scene. The staging follows the course of the modifications made. The text is largely inspired by Nathalie Sarraute and Botho Strauss, in particular for the role of the window, pivotal to the entrances of a character close to Marie Steuber. The second part is the report of this work in the form of a logbook: The story of an inkwell which reports in a more or less chronological form, the evolution of the repetitions with the readers as well as the modifications made to the initial text until its total rewriting. All of these different approaches to a theatrical text are proof of a "possible sharing" outside of the black and white of opposing points of view
Illayk, Abbas. "Évolution du nombre de composants en panne pour un système réparable non-Markovien". Lille 1, 2003. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/8a4c0b86-722d-4ea2-8464-13200e65618f.
Texto completoPlouzennec, Nathalie. "Développement de processus d'analyse d'images en photoélasticimétrie pour un feuillet plan obtenu par découpage mécanique ou optique". Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2372.
Texto completoSalloum, Zahraa. "Maximum de vraisemblance empirique pour la détection de changements dans un modèle avec un nombre faible ou très grand de variables". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1008/document.
Texto completoIn this PHD thesis, we propose a nonparametric method based on the empirical likelihood for detecting the change in the parameters of nonlinear regression models and the change in the coefficient of linear regression models, when the number of model variables may increase as the sample size increases. Firstly, we test the null hypothesis of no-change against the alternative of one change in the regression parameters. Under null hypothesis, the consistency and the convergence rate of the regression parameter estimators are proved. The asymptotic distribution of the test statistic under the null hypothesis is obtained, which allows to find the asymptotic critical value. On the other hand, we prove that the proposed test statistic has the asymptotic power equal to 1. The epidemic model, a particular case of model with two change-points, under the alternative hypothesis, is also studied. Afterwards, we use the empirical likelihood method for constructing the confidence regions for the difference between the parameters of a two-phases nonlinear model with random design. We show that the empirical likelihood ratio has an asymptotic χ2 distribu- tion. Empirical likelihood method is also used to construct the confidence regions for the difference between the parameters of a two-phases nonlinear model with response variables missing at randoms (MAR). In order to construct the confidence regions of the parameter in question, we propose three empirical likelihood statistics : empirical likelihood based on complete-case data, weighted empirical likelihood and empirical likelihood with imputed va- lues. We prove that all three empirical likelihood ratios have asymptotically χ2 distributions. An another aim for this thesis is to test the change in the coefficient of linear regres- sion models for high-dimensional model. This amounts to testing the null hypothesis of no change against the alternative of one change in the regression coefficients. Based on the theoretical asymptotic behaviour of the empirical likelihood ratio statistic, we propose, for a deterministic design, a simpler test statistic, easier to use in practice. The asymptotic normality of the proposed test statistic under the null hypothesis is proved, a result which is different from the χ2 law for a model with a fixed variable number. Under alternative hypothesis, the test statistic diverges
Subagdja, Djadjat. "Composition chimique et valeur nutritive des différentes pailles traitées ou non traitées par l'ammoniac (revue bibliographique) : valorisation de la paille de riz par un traitement à l'ammoniac". Montpellier 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON20106.
Texto completoRégnier, Virginie. "Répartition du flot d'énergie pour des ondes dispersives et non-dispersives sur des espaces ramifiés élémentaires ou localement élémentaires de dimension un et deux". Valenciennes, 2002. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/cf59ac6e-7d94-4f23-a29f-f87326d558d6.
Texto completoWe study the transient behaviour of dispersive or non-dispersive waves on elementary or locally elementary ramified spaces. We get the same transmitted and reflected energy coefficients on a star-shaped network with identical dispersion coefficients on all the branches as in dimension two with identical wave propagation velocities but only for non-dispersive waves in that case. On the other hand, in the case of differing mass terms in dimension one, the frequency of the initial signal is involved in the splitting of energy at a node. For an initial condition with a narrow frequency band (in a sense which we define mathematically), the reflected and transmitted parts of the energy are bounded from above and below. A delay in the reflection is detected for low frequencies, which depends on the carrier frequency. Numerical values are calculated for a particular suitable initial condition to exemplify the above results
Thillays, François Bardet Etienne. "Etude rétrospective monocentrique de 101 patients traités au CRLCC Nantes Atlantique pour un cancer non résécable de l'oropharynx ou de la cavité buccale par chimioradiothérapie selon le schéma ARCORO résultats et étude de la toxicité tardive. /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/SPEthillays.pdf.
Texto completoCastagliola, Philippe. "Un système incrémental pour la fusion multi-capteurs pour un robot mobile". Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD391.
Texto completoNdione, Méry. "Dynamique et identification des sources de contamination fécale dans un espace littoral connaissant des pratiques de tourisme et de loisirs : l’exemple de la baie d’Aytré". Thesis, La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROS006.
Texto completoThe microbiological quality of bathing water is progressively decreasing from year to year, and can constitute a major public health problem. Thus, sanitary monitoring of the microbiological quality of bathing waters is carried out in accordance with the European directive (2006/7/EC) to ensure the sanitary safety of bathers and preserve the image of these recreational ecosystems. For many years, the bay of Aytré (Charente Maritime, France), has been classified as "poor quality" and this beach is prohibited for bathing since 2018. The health issues and the preponderant role of this beach on the tourism development and the local economy led to investigate the origin and the spatiotemporal determinism of this fecal contamination. This thesis presents an integrated approach to the analysis of the fecal contamination of Aytré Bay through a multidisciplinary study of different hypotheses analysed since the beginning of the 2000s by the local authorities. The level of fecal contamination of the bathing water during a year was relatively low with a notable seasonal variation in the abundance of the fecal contamination indicators Escherichia coli and enterococci. Exceedances of the regulatory thresholds on 24% and 32% of the water samples from Platin Nord and Platin Sud, the two bathing sites in Aytré Bay, were mainly due to enterococci. The microbiological quality of the sediment over time showed that the sediment was not a diffuse source of contamination in the water. The combined analysis of protein, genetic and chemical markers revealed the presence of enterococci species of environmental origin on the one hand, and on the other hand, a contamination of mainly animal origin and a small contribution from human origin. The analytical strategy and tools developed during this study will help to improve the sanitary surveillance methods of bathing waters
Shang, Wei. "Un système et un langage pour le traitement d'inférences non monotone". Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD299.
Texto completoIn this thesis a non-monotonic inference system is presented, its purpose is to represent revisable knowledge and perform corresponding reasoning. A study of different research strategies of the solution space is presented, it is shown, through the exemples, that the recording of the inference dependencies can considerably optimize the research in the solution space. Then we describe un belief revision system: AS of J. De Kleer. It is a dependency based one, and is used as m inference unit in our system. Several non-standard logics are also presented, we pay pie1mly attention to R. Reiter's default logic, for which a restrained version (normal defaults) is realized. ANMIL is the inference Ianguage of this system, it is described in detail. The language is a predicate based one, the non-monotony resides in the default and the assumed rules. Its inference environment is the mufti-contexts one, the assumptions me automatically managed. We also explain the principal commands and give the syntax of ANMIL. ANMIS is the inference system. Its concepts are presented. Two sub-systems can be distinguished : an inference engine and a belief revision manager. This kind of architecture, in our opinion, is the best one for performing non-monotonic inference. The different inference strategies are employed according to the type of rides. The techniques and difficulties of the implementation of the system are discussed
BUI, XUAN-NAM. "Planification de trajectoire pour un robot polygonal non holonome dans un environnement polygonal". Paris, ENMP, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENMP0443.
Texto completoPerrier, Clotilde. "Génération de mouvements pour un manipulateur mobile non-holonome". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20109.
Texto completoFabry, Julia. "Non nova, sed nove : un temps d'image pour s'inventer". Saint-Etienne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STET2107.
Texto completoIn the form of a DVD, a film : "Trois lieux d'être, in three parts : "La forge", "H. L. M. ", "Pianète" reinvest the places of childhood. Investigation in time and the space when all the matters mix, where each vision takes a different form, where each image has its specific qualities. The places then become sublimated spaces, favourable with all imaginations, but those which we always knew. The report which accompanies this film gives him a reflexive lighting, including in the literal sense of the trem. In its double reflexion it reference with work its own effects, as out of mirror, while associating the problems to him "Non nova, Sed nove" : not new things but of the innovation, whose lighting makes in the light of others practise gives another dimension to the images. The problematic description of the plastic object is done in a permanent play beetween images and text, which make direction the ones compared to the others. It is the iconography which gives to the report its fundamental structure to reach an entire universe then. It is in a double permanent movement between surface and depth that my images settle. Work sometimes on the superficiality of the digital image, sometimes on the infinite depth which the superposition of its layers can maintain, evokes a form palimpsest of luminous points
Kammoun, Slim. "Assistance à la navigation pour les non-voyants : vers un positionnement, un SIG et un suivi adaptés". Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2035/.
Texto completoNavigation, especially in unknown areas, is a major problem for the visually impaired (VI). Over the past 50 years, a number of electronic travel aids (ETAs) have been developed with the aim of improving mobility of the VI. Despite many research efforts, these systems are rarely used. Although the explanation is likely to be incomplete, it is possible to identify three important factors : (1) positioning accuracy provided by these devices is not sufficient to guide a VI pedestrian, (2) these systems are based on Geographical Information Systems not adapted to pedestrian mobility, and (3) the guidance methods should be adapted to the task of VI pedestrian wayfinding. All these three components are sources of usability issues. In this thesis, committed in the collaborative research project called NAVIG, we present the design and implementation of an electronic navigation aid for the blind. In this work, we relied on the analysis of the needs of the visually impaired to propose solutions for improving positioning and guidance. First, we present a solution based on real-time fusion of A-GPS and embedded artificial vision positioning signals. The benefit of our device is two-fold : 1/ it provides a more accurate positioning, compatible with Blind mobility and guidance ; 2/ it matches the needs of Blind users in terms of space perception. Second, we define a classification of objects that should be included in every geographical information system (GIS) that is used in a navigation aid. This classification was based on multiple brainstorming and interviews with blind people and orientation and mobility (O&M) instructors. We present a database scheme integrating the principal classes proposed in this classification. We also propose a methodology allowing the selection of the most appropriate route, based on user needs, and relying on the proposed classification of geographical data. Finally, regarding pedestrian tracking, we propose 3 new strategies adapted to pedestrian navigation. The evaluation of those strategies was performed into a virtual environment framework. To do so, we designed a multimodal (input and output) Virtual Environment (VE) that simulates different interactions that could be used for space perception and guidance in an ETA. This platform subserves two goals : help designers to systematically test guidance strategies (i. E. For the development of new ETAs) and train blind people to use interactive ETAs, with an emphasis on cognitive mapping enhancement. Using this platform we performed several evaluations with 16 users to define the best tracking strategies. To conclude, the combined positioning (vision, GPS) was successfully evaluated in two real environments (Toulouse University campus, and a district in the Toulouse center). Results from evaluations of tracking strategies shown that it is very important to adapt such strategies to pedestrian navigation
Uccheddu, Basile. "Observateurs pour un procédé de cristallisation en batch". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00751922.
Texto completoLAZARUS, XAVIER. "Module universel non ramifié pour un groupe réductif p-adique". Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112066.
Texto completoGherari, Zineddine. "Stratégie de commandes neurofloues pour un système continu non linéaire". Paris 12, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA120062.
Texto completoDonin, de Rosière Emmanuel. "Un langage non déterministe pour l'écriture de scénarios de test". Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1S151.
Texto completoThe testing phase is an important step in the development and now represents a crucial issue for telecommunication companies. One possible way for reducing the development time and increasing the software quality is to automize as possible the testing phase. So, we need tools for expressing easily complex, but common, behaviours in order to execute automatically test compaign without any human intervention. This study tries to get round this problem and, just after an analysis of the current testing languages which deal with active black-box testing, it will put forward several new constructions for this domain trying to solve this problem. Several of this constructions use a nondeterministic paradigm for easily expressing concurrent or non-controllable behaviours. Moreover, we will try to verify these ideas through a prototype which implements these new functionnalities and also validate these constructions during a real test of an industrial project
Luo, Haining. "Simulation numérique directe pour un écoulement turbulent dans un T-jonction d'un fluide non-Newtonien". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEC026/document.
Texto completoFor the simplicity in geometry by comparing it with other mixers in the industry, flows in T-junction configuration have been studied. More specifically, Direct Numerical Simulations is carried out using OpenFOAM on a convergent T-junction configuration with circular and rectangular cross-section. Both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids (Bird-Carreau model) are taken into account. Firstly, DNS data is compared to Nguyen’s experimental work on the circular T-junction at regime deflecting [1]. Good agreement between simlation and experiment is achieved. The organization of coherent structures is illustrated in laminar and turbulent for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian cases. Secondly, two flow regimes (deflecting and impinging) are simulated in a rectangular T-junction for the same Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. The existence of non-Newtonian coherent structures (e.g. kidney vortex ) is shown. These structures are regarded as essential mixing mechanism of passive scalar mixing. The mixing efficiency is increased in regime impinging compared to regime deflecting. The shifting of the turbulence peak is only observed in regime impinging
Aubry, Geoffroy. "Un cadre logique pour la génération d'arguments". Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00632496.
Texto completoBertocchi, Guillaume. "Circuit optique sur LiNbO3 pour un relais quantique intégré". Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE4066.
Texto completoThis manuscript presents the numerical study, manufacture processes, and experimental characterization of an integrated optical circuit intended to be at the heart of a quantum relay particularly designed for qubits encoded on photos as telecom wavelengths. In spite of progress in photonics and telecommunications technologies, losses in optical fibres and especially darkcounts in the detectors limit the maximum achievable distance for quantum communication to about a hundred kms. The quantum relay, based on quantum teleportation, makes it possible to increase the communication signal-to-noise ratio and thus to push this maximum distance forward. In this context, we show that integrated optics offers compact and stable components suitable for insertion of a “relay-ship” in fibre-based quantum communication systems. We adapted a quantum relay model to our particular case showing the relevance of such a structure with realistic parameters. Subsequently we determined the properties of all the necessary optical functions using BPM simulation. Actually, a photon-pair source and two electro-optically controlled, 50 / 50 beam splitters have to be merged on a single chip. In addition, tapered-waveguide sections have been designed at each input / output of the chip in order to improve coupling between fibres and integrated structures. All the required optical functions on the chip were tested and validated by performing characterizations in both classical and single-photon regimes. As a conclusion, we showed that this “quantum relay-chip” could increase the maximal achievable distance of a quantum communication link by a factor of 1,7
Oukacha, Ouazna. "Optimisation de consommation pour un véhicule de type voiture". Thesis, Toulon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUL0016/document.
Texto completoThe present thesis is a study of an optimal control problem having a non-differentiable, but Lipschitz, costfunction. It is inspired by the minimization of the energy consumption of a car-like vehicle or robot along aroad which profile is known. This problem is stated by means of a simple model of the longitudinal dynamicsand a running cost that comprises both an absolute value function and a function that accounts for theefficiency of the energy conversion process. A regularity result that excludes chattering phenomena from theset of solutions is proven. It is valid for the class of control affine systems, which includes the consideredproblem. Three case studies are detailed and analysed. The optimal trajectories are shown to be made of bang,inactivated and backward arcs
López, Carranza Santiago Nicolás. "Transition laminaire-turbulent en conduite cylindrique pour un fluide non Newtonien". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0118/document.
Texto completoThe main objective of this thesis is to provide a description of the transition to turbulence of a shear thinning fluid in pipe flow. A linear stability analysis of the base flow is done. Results show that the flow is linearly stable and the optimal perturbation is given by a pair of counter rotating vortex. This kind of perturbation is used as an initial condition of a computational code which integrates the governing equations. Inertial and viscous non linear terms generate a secondary base flow with inflection points, which is linearly unstable to 3D perturbations. A secondary instability analysis is done, regarding the shape of unstable eigenvectors. Depending the rheological parameters and the size of the primary perturbation, the unstable mode might be near the wall or the center of the pipe. Finally, a non linear stability analysis of the streaks to 3D perturbations of weak amplitude, obtaining a delay in the transition to turbulence due to shear thinning
Bandara, Thusitha Asela. "Un protocole de charge adaptatif pour les batteries Lithium-Ion". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAM095.
Texto completoLithium ion (Li ion) secondary batteries have become the most prevalent technology for a broad range of electronic devices from consumer gadgets to high-end locomotives and energy storages in smart grids. The rapid proliferation of both mobile and mobility devices, and recent developments in electric vehicles (EVs) have tremendously increased the demand for Li ion batteries (LIBs) and indirectly created a huge dependency of peoples’ mobility life. Therefore, now it is extremely critical to have LIBs to continuously power up the mobility devices for longer period of time. Anyway, as a rechargeable energy source, the LIBs will naturally drains its’ capacity after a certain period of time permitted by the power demand of the device and the storage capacity of the battery. Therefore, any charging mechanism which can charge-back the battery up to the fully charged status within the shortest possible time, also called fast charging, is highly demanded and extremely valuable in this context.However, the fast charging itself is a very challenging issue due to a number of reasons such as the complex effects (polarization, li-plating, li-deposition, depletion of active materials and etc.) of multi-disciplinary factors co-exists within the internal reactions, limitations in measuring advanced electrochemical and electro-physical factors, the inherent safety issues with the use of high rates and the tendency of deteriorating health and cycle life of a battery as a most common aftermath of fast charging. Therefore, a number of different approaches can be found in the battery research and literature, and mostly realized under three different sections: one is the introduction of new chemistries which can store more electric power, the second is the structural or design changes which can tolerate some of the adverse effects of fast charging or may be even improve their performances and the third and most interesting is the algorithmic based fast charging protocols which can also help to leverage the performance in both the other approaches.Therefore, our thesis has focused on a new fast charging protocol for LIBs to fully charge within about 20 minutes time duration. This new protocol is based on a concept of non-linear voltammetry (NLV) with the use of a set of adaptation parameters related to the state of charge (SOC) and the state of health (SOH) of the battery. The fundamental of this concept is the foreseen relationship that the “product of”, “the rate of the change of drawn/charge-current (dI/dt)” and “the rate of the corresponding voltage change (dv/dt)”, is a “constant”, and expressed as (|dI/dt|)α * (dv/dt) = K. Here, the K is a constant and the “α” could be any non-zero value. The principle analogy here is when the battery voltage is increased, the resulted current accepted by the charge circuitry will naturally depends on the intrinsic kinetic-parameters which effects on charging at that peculiar moment of the battery system. Accordingly, in case of a rapid increase of current, the above relationship will regulate the voltage-change to be a smaller value, inversely proportional to the current ramp. Conversely, a small ramp in current will encourage this model to apply a large voltage change and accordingly let the cell to quickly push in to certain voltage regions which naturally favors in charging with high rates
Ho, Emmeline. "Vers un modèle vibronique innovant pour les hydrocarbures conjugués". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS087/document.
Texto completoThe present work is focused on the rationalization of the excitation transfer mechanism in polyphenylene ethynylenes (PPEs). A static study was performed using TDDFT, allowing to confirm both the localization of the excited states of meta-PPEs on para building blocks and the hierarchy in the interactions governing the photochemical properties of PPEs. Conical intersections were identified, along with few components of their branching spaces. Studying those supported the assumption of an energy transfer proceeding through internal conversion between excited states localized on different building blocks.In addition, we proposed a multiscale vibronic model for the energy of the eletronic states. In particular, we expressed the energies of the frontier orbitals of PPEs in terms of the energies of the frontier orbitals of benzene and acetylene, using an effective Hückel-type Hamiltonian. Perfoming different optimizations, we achieved to propose an expression for the energy of the electronic transition in terms of a reduced number of local nuclear coordinates
Trupin, Eric. "Segmentation de documents : Application a un systeme de lecture pour non-voyants". Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUES009.
Texto completoBruneton, Eric. "Un support d'exécution pour l'adaptation des aspects non-fonctionnels des applications réparties". Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0085.
Texto completoWegner, Karas Elizabeth. "Exemples de chemins centraux non réguliers et un algorithme de filtre pour l'optimisation non-linéaire". Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010070.
Texto completoBarbata, Asma. "Filtrage et commande basée sur un observateur pour les systèmes stochastiques". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0013/document.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the filtering and control of nonlinear systems described by Itô stochastic differential equations whose diffusion is controlled by a noise which is multiplied with the state vector. In this manuscript, the goal is to relax the conditions of stability used in the literature using the almost sure exponential stability, also called exponential stability with probability equal to one. A new theorem on the almost sure exponential stability of the equilibrium point of a class of triangular nonlinear stochastic systems is proposed: the stability of the whole system is ensured by the stability of each decoupled subsystem. This theorem is applied to the filtering of stochastics systems with multiplicative noises. Conditions for asymptotic rejection of perturbations occurring in a stochastic differential equation with multiplicative noises have been proposed. The considered stability is the almost sure exponential one. A bound of the Lyapunov exponent ensures the almost sure convergence rate to zero for the state of the system. A bang-bang control law is synthesized for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems in two cases: (i) state feedback and (ii) measured output feedback with an observer. The used stability is the almost sure exponential one. The bounded real lemma is developed for stochastic algebro-differential systems with multiplicative noises and the Itô formula given for thèse systems. This approach has been used for the synthesis of an H-ihfinity measured output feedback control law with the exponential mean square stability. An observer for nonlinear stochastic algebro-differential systems was proposed using the almost sure exponential stability
Brahim-Belhouari, Sofiane. "Choix de structures de modèles pertinentes pour un problème d’inversion". Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112150.
Texto completoLidouh, Abdeluaab. "Homogénéisation de frontière pour la modélisation du contact entre un corps déformable non linéaire et un corps rigide". Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX11010.
Texto completoGolden, Boris. "Un formalisme unifié pour l'architecture des systèmes complexes". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00827107.
Texto completoDeloux, Estelle. "POLITIQUES DE MAINTENANCE CONDITIONNELLE POUR UN SYSTEME A DEGRADATION CONTINUE SOUMIS A UN ENVIRONNEMENT STRESSANT". Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348191.
Texto completoGenet, Martin. "Vers un matériau virtuel pour les composites céramiques". Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00473030.
Texto completoFortier, Steven. "Estimation du biais de la copule conditionnelle pour un test d'indépendance conditionnelle". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7518.
Texto completoChen, Yuxin. "Apprentissage interactif de mots et d'objets pour un robot humanoïde". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLY003/document.
Texto completoFuture applications of robotics, especially personal service robots, will require continuous adaptability to the environment, and particularly the ability to recognize new objects and learn new words through interaction with humans. Though having made tremendous progress by using machine learning, current computational models for object detection and representation still rely heavily on good training data and ideal learning supervision. In contrast, two year old children have an impressive ability to learn to recognize new objects and at the same time to learn the object names during interaction with adults and without precise supervision. Therefore, following the developmental robotics approach, we develop in the thesis learning approaches for objects, associating their names and corresponding features, inspired by the infants' capabilities, in particular, the ambiguous interaction with humans, inspired by the interaction that occurs between children and parents.The general idea is to use cross-situational learning (finding the common points between different presentations of an object or a feature) and to implement multi-modal concept discovery based on two latent topic discovery approaches : Non Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) and Latent Dirichlet Association (LDA). Based on vision descriptors and sound/voice inputs, the proposed approaches will find the underlying regularities in the raw dataflow to produce sets of words and their associated visual meanings (eg. the name of an object and its shape, or a color adjective and its correspondence in images). We developed a complete approach based on these algorithms and compared their behavior in front of two sources of uncertainties: referential ambiguities, in situations where multiple words are given that describe multiple objects features; and linguistic ambiguities, in situations where keywords we intend to learn are merged in complete sentences. This thesis highlights the algorithmic solutions required to be able to perform efficient learning of these word-referent associations from data acquired in a simplified but realistic acquisition setup that made it possible to perform extensive simulations and preliminary experiments in real human-robot interactions. We also gave solutions for the automatic estimation of the number of topics for both NMF and LDA.We finally proposed two active learning strategies, Maximum Reconstruction Error Based Selection (MRES) and Confidence Based Exploration (CBE), to improve the quality and speed of incremental learning by letting the algorithms choose the next learning samples. We compared the behaviors produced by these algorithms and show their common points and differences with those of humans in similar learning situations
Djeddi, Mounir. "APPROCHES POUR L'ANALYSE DES SIGNAUX A PHASE POLYNOMIALE DANS UN ENVIRONNEMENT NON GAUSSIEN". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010277.
Texto completoSAHMIM, Slah. "Un schéma aux volumes finis avec matrice signe pour les systèmes non homogènes". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010000.
Texto completoMariucci, Ester. "Quelques résultats d'équivalence asymptotique pour des expériences statistiques dans un cadre non paramétrique". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAM031/document.
Texto completoThe subject of this Ph.D. thesis is the asymptotic equivalence, in the Le Cam sense, between different statistical models. Specifically, we explore the case of statistical models associated with the discrete observation of jump processes or diffusion processes as well as more classical density models.Below, we briefly introduce the different chapters of this dissertation.We begin by presenting our results in a first introductory chapter. Then, in Chapter 2, we recall the key points of the Le Cam theory on statistical experiences focusing on a nonparametric context.Chapters 3 and 4 deal with asymptotic equivalences for statistical models associated with discrete observation (high frequency) of jump processes. First, we focus on an equivalence problem regarding the estimation of the drift, assumed to belong to a certain functional class. It turns out (Chapter 3) that there is an asymptotic equivalence, for what concerns the estimation of the drift, between the statistical model associated with the discrete observation of an additive process $X$ and the Gaussian statistical model associated with the discrete observation of the continuous part of $X$. Then we study the problem of nonparametric density estimation for the Lévy density $f$ of a pure jump Lévy process $Y$. Chapter 4 illustrates the asymptotic equivalence, for what concerns the estimation of $f$, between the statistical model associated with the discrete observation of $Y$ and a certain Gaussian white noise model having $sqrt f$ as drift.In Chapter 5 we present an extension of the well-known asymptotic equivalence between density estimation experiments and a Gaussian white noise model.Chapter 6 describes the asymptotic equivalence between a scalar diffusion model with unknown drift and with diffusion coefficient tending to zero and the corresponding Euler scheme. In Chapter 7 we present a bound for the $L_1$ distance between the laws of additive processes.Chapter 8 is devoted to conclusions and discusses possible extensions of the results of this thesis
Rosario, João Mauricio. "Etude de faisabilité d'une commande de type non-linéaire pour un robot manipulateur". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ECAP0117.
Texto completoGLAS, BRUNO. "Un modele connexionniste non supervise pour l'apprentissage et la reconnaissance de sequences temporelles". Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA112132.
Texto completoSahmim, Slah. "Un schéma aux volumes finis avec matrice signe pour les systèmes non homogènes". Paris 13, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA132012.
Texto completoAbi, rizk Lara. "Ondes progressives et propriétés de propagation pour un problème d’épidémiologie évolutive non-local". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0244.
Texto completoIn this thesis we study the existence of a travelling wave solutions for an integro-differential system of equations from evolutionary epidemiology. We use ideas from dynamical system ideas theory coupled with estimates of the asymptotic behaviour of profiles. We prove that the wave solutions have a rather simple structure. This analysis allows us to reduce the infinite dimensional travelling wave profile system of equations to a four dimensional ODE system. The latter is used to prove the existence of travelling wave solutions for any wave speed larger than a minimal wave speed c?, provided that the epidemic threshold R0, which is expressed as a function of the principal eigenvalue of a certain integral operator, is strictly greater than 1. This same threshold condition is also used to prove that any travelling wave connects two determined stationary states. In the second part, we study the propagation properties of the solutions for the same spatially distributed system of equations, when the initial density of infected plants is a compactly supported function with the space variable x. When R0 > 1, we prove that spreading occurs with a definite spreading speed that coincides with the minimal speed c? of the travelling wave solutions discussed in the first part. Moreover, the solution of the Cauchy problem asymptotically converges to some specific function for which the moving frame variable x and the phenotype one y are separated
Djeddi, Mounir. "Approches pour l'analyse des signaux à phase polynomiale dans un environnement non gaussien". Paris 11, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010277.
Texto completoPolynomial phase signals (PPS) have found use in many area of engineering such as in radar and communication. The main problem is to estimate the parameters of such signals. Many research works have been conducted in the last decade and led to the development of various algorithms based on different mathematical tools such as time-frequency, subspace methods, High order statistics and Kalman filtering. Though, these methods have proven to perform well in estimating the signal parameters, they assume that the noise is Gaussian. The research work presented in the thesis deals with the analysis of PPS in non Gaussian environment. In this context, the noise is considered to have either an alpha-stable distribution, or epsilon-contaminated model. Three approaches of estimation are explored. The first method concerns robust time-frequency analysis of PPS, we propose to integrate the fractional lower statistics in the kernel of the polynomial phase Wigner-Ville Distribution to obtain a robust time-frequency distribution able to reveal the instantaneous frequency of the PPS. The second approach, deals with robust subspace method based on the MUSIC estimator using the covariation matrix, we propose a modified MUSIC algorithm which is able to track the values of the coefficients of the phase. Finally, using the nonlinear state space model of PPS, we explore the use of the Kalman filter for robust estimation of PPS in epsilon-contaminated noise. In this context, three types of Kalman filters are proposed: The robust extended Kalman filter, the parallel extended Kalman filter. To avoid linearization an alternative method is proposed based on parallel unscented Kalman filters
Carfantan, Hervé. "Approche bayesienne pour un probleme inverse non lineaire en imagerie a ondes diffractees". Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112441.
Texto completoDieuleveult, Caroline de. "Un modèle numérique global et performant pour le couplage géochimie-transport". Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S119.
Texto completoReactive transport of contaminants in saturated porous media is a complex problem, modelled by partial differential algebraic equations (PDAE). This work introduces a robust and efficient numerical method to solve reactive transport problem, the global DAE method. The global DAE method discretises spatially the PDAE system then solves the resulting algebraic differential equations (DAE) thanks to a competitive external DAE solver. This solver uses an adapted time scheme and an advanced management system of the time step and of the calculus. It is based on a modified Newton method which uses a competitive direct sparse linear solver and on a sophisticated time scheme, the BDF scheme (Backward Differentiation Formulas). Results obtained with this method are conclusive. During comparison with sequential methods, the global method DAE proves to be interesting, particularly for diffusive transport conditions. The method serves also with some of the Geochemistry Momas benchmarks where it proves to be robust. A methodological framework is also defined in this work, allowing a well defined classification of many methods used in litterature
Dieuleveult, Caroline de Erhel Jocelyne. "Un modèle numérique global et performant pour le couplage géochimie-transport". Rennes : [s.n.], 2008. ftp://ftp.irisa.fr/techreports/theses/2008/Dieuleveult.pdf.
Texto completoFERRIGNO, Sandie. "Un test d'adéquation global pour la fonction de répartition conditionnelle". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008559.
Texto completol'on doit valider pour justifier son utilisation. Dans ce travail, on propose une approche globale où toutes les hypothèses faites pour asseoir ce modèle sont testées simultanément.
Plus précisément, on construit un test basé sur une quantité qui permet de canaliser toute l'information liant X à Y : la fonction de répartition conditionnelle de Y sachant (X = x) définie par F(y|x)=P(Y<=y|X=x). Notre test compare la valeur prise par l'estimateur polynômial local de F(y|x) à une estimation paramétrique du modèle supposé et rejette sa
validité si la distance entre ces deux quantités est trop grande. Dans un premier temps, on considère le cas où la fonction de répartition supposée est entièrement spécifiée et, dans
ce contexte, on établit le comportement asymptotique du test. Dans la deuxième partie du travail, on généralise ce résultat au cas plus courant en pratique où le modèle supposé contient un certain nombre de paramètres inconnus. On étudie ensuite la puissance locale du test en déterminant son comportement asymptotique local sous des suites d'hypothèses contigües. Enfin, on propose un critère de choix de la fenêtre d'ajustement qui intervient lors de l'étape d'estimation polynômiale locale de la fonction de répartition conditionnelle.
Amroun, Hamdi. "Modèles statistiques avancés pour la reconnaissance de l’activité physique dans un environnement non contrôlé en utilisant un réseau d’objets connectés". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS406/document.
Texto completoWith the arrival of connected objects, the recognition of physical activity is experiencing a new era. New considerations need to be taken into account in order to achieve a better treatment process. In this thesis, we explored the treatment process for recognizing physical activity in an uncontrolled environment. The recognized physical activities, with only one inertial unit (accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer), are called elementary. Other types of context-dependent activities are called "context-based". We extracted the DCT as the main descriptor for the recognition of elementary activities. In order to recognize the physical activities based on the context, we defined three levels of granularity: a first level depending on embedded connected objects (smartphone, smartwatch and samrt TV . A second level concerns the study of participants' behaviors interacting with the smart TV screen. The third level concerns the study of participants' attention to TV. We took into consideration the imperfection aspect of the data by merging the multi sensor data with the Dempster-Shafer model. As such, we have proposed different approaches for calculating and approximating mass functions. In order to avoid calculating and selecting the different descriptors, we proposed an approach based on the use of deep learning algorithms (DNN). We proposed two models: a first model consisting of recognizing the elementary activities by selecting the DCT as the main descriptor (DNN-DCT). The second model is to learn raw data from context-based activities (CNN-raw). The disadvantage of the DNN-DCT model is that it is fast but less accurate, while the CNN-raw model is more accurate but very slow. We have proposed an empirical study to compare different methods that can accelerate learning while maintaining a high level of accuracy. We thus explored the method of optimization by particle swarm (PSO). The results are very satisfactory (97%) compared to deep neural network with stochastic gradients descent and Nesterov accelerated Gradient optimization. The results of our work suggest the use of good descriptors in the case where the context matters little, the taking into account of the imperfection of the sensor data requires that it be used and faster models
Halberstadt, Serge. "Gestion de trafic pour des services en mode non connecte sur un reseau atm". Paris, ENST, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENST0039.
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