Tesis sobre el tema "Postural system"
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Magre, Fernanda Lopes [UNESP]. "Demanda supra-postural em tarefas de ancoragem háptica afeta a estabilidade postural?" Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/158281.
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Os sistemas sensoriais e motor trabalham de forma integrada para restabelecer o equilíbrio corporal durante a realização de outras tarefas (e.g., carregar uma bandeja com copos, trocar uma lâmpada enquanto equilibramos numa escada, etc.), as quais identificamos como “supra-posturais”. Ainda, indivíduos usam a percepção háptica para incorporar ferramentas na realização dessas tarefas que podem, concomitantemente, auxiliar no controle da postura. Uma ferramenta identificada como útil ao controle postural é o sistema âncora que consiste numa tarefa de manipular sutilmente cabos flexíveis anexos a cargas de reduzida massa que ficam em contato com o solo. Segurando a ponta desses cabos com as mãos, os indivíduos, via exploração ativa do sistema háptico, ajustam seu corpo no espaço mais eficientemente do que sem esta ferramenta. O objetivo desse estudo é analisar em tarefa de ancoragem háptica como componentes de tarefa supra-postural (i.e., deslocar o sistema âncora ritmicamente para cima e para baixo; com e sem contato com o solo e com e sem presença de cargas anexas ao sistema âncora) afetam os níveis de oscilação corporal em tarefas de equilíbrio. Participaram do estudo 15 adultos jovens que realizaram duas sessões de coleta em dias distintos (sessão de ancoragem com cargas e sessão de ancoragem sem cargas). Os participantes ficaram em pé sobre uma plataforma de força com os pés na posição tandem, vendados, durante 30 segundos, e, ao som de um metrônomo (55 BPM), levantaram e abaixaram ritmicamente o sistema âncora (i.e., com cargas anexas) ou cabos de nylon livres (i.e., sem cargas anexas) de acordo com as seguintes condições: ancoragem estática, ancoragem dinâmica em fase, ancoragem dinâmica fora de fase e ancoragem mista. As mesmas condições foram realizadas nas duas sessões de ancoragem. Para cada condição foram realizadas 2 tentativas. As variáveis do centro de pressão (COP) incluíram o comprimento total do COP (CT-COP), RMS do deslocamento médio-lateral (RMS-ml), velocidade média de oscilação médio-lateral (Velocidade-ml) e frequência com 80% da potência espectral na direção médio-lateral (F80-ml). Os resultados revelaram que um sistema de ancoragem sem cargas não promove efeitos estabilizadores na postura, o que não o caracteriza como uma tarefa predominantemente supra-postural. Ainda, manter as cargas em suspensão durante uma tarefa de ancoragem não promove efeitos estabilizadores na postura tal como ocorre ao manter as cargas em contato com o solo. Por fim, ancorar-se com cargas estáticas no solo promove efeitos estabilizadores para a postura melhores do que ancorar-se com cargas de forma dinâmica. Esses resultados demonstram a influência da informação sensorial para controlar a postura em um sistema de ancoragem háptica, que depende de uma referência fixa para orientação postural (i.e., cargas das âncoras em contato com uma superfície).
The sensory and motor systems work in an integrated way to reestablish balance while performing other motor tasks (e.g., carry a tray with cups, changing a light bulb while balancing on a ladder, etc.), which we identify as “supra-postural.” Moreover, individuals use haptic perception to control tools while performing these tasks that can, at the same time, aid the postural control system. A tool identified as useful to the postural function is the anchor system, which consists in subtle manipulation of flexible cables attached to low mass loads that are kept in contact with the ground. Holding these cables with their hands, individuals, via active exploration, adjust their bodies in space more efficiently than without this tool. The purpose of this study is to analyze in haptic anchorage tasks how does supra-postural components (e.g., intentionally move rhythmically the anchor system up and down; with or without anchor masses touching the ground, and with or without the end loads attached to the anchor system) affect body sway during balancing tasks. Fifteen young adults participated in this study in two sessions of data collection separated in two different days (anchors with loads and free-load anchors). The participants stood on a force platform with their feet in tandem position, blindfolded, for 30 seconds. To the sound of a metronome (55 BPM), they moved anchor system or the nylon strings (e.g., without the attached loads) up and down according to the following conditions: quiet anchoring, in-phase and out-of-phase dynamic anchoring, and mixed anchoring (e.g., one hand quiet anchoring while the other keep a dynamic anchoring). The variables of the center of pressure (COP) included the COP’s path length (PL-COP), ellipse area, RMS of medial-lateral displacement (RMS-ml), mean speed of medial-lateral oscillation (MSS-ml) and the frequency at 80% of the power spectrum (F80-ml). Our results revealed that an unloaded anchorage system does not provide stabilizing effects for the posture system and is not characterized as a supra-postural task, contrary to the anchor system with loads. Also, keeping the loads in suspension during an anchoring task does not stabilize posture as much as when keeping the loads in contact with the ground. Finally, anchoring with steady loads on the ground promotes stabilizing effects of the posture compared to dynamic anchoring with loads moving rhythmically. These results illustrate that sensory information to control posture during haptic anchoring tasks rely on a fixed reference for postural orientation (i.e., anchor loads in contact with a surface).
Valente, João Filipe Torres. "Servo-system for controlled postural balance disruption". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/19139.
Texto completoO estudo do equilíbrio postural é uma preocupação que se aplica igualmente a seres humanos e robôs com pernas. Em relação a Humanos este problema foca-se na deteção de patologias, avaliação da capacidade de manter o equilíbrio e recolher dados acerca da forma como o equilíbrio é mantido. Por outro lado, o estudo da postura de um robô tem como objetivo avaliar e melhorar o seu controlo. Dada a necessidade de testar o equilíbrio do Projeto Humanóide da Universidade de Aveiro - PHUA, surgiu a ideia de criar um sistema de distúrbio do equilíbrio. A ideia é o sistema perturbar o equilíbrio utilizando forças de tração que poderão ser aplicadas em todas as direções do plano horizontal. Como primeira abordagem, o conceito é testado num pêndulo assistido por elásticos, com o objetivo de perceber qual a melhor forma de controlar o sistema e encontrar possíveis problemas para o seu controlo. Numa primeira fase, é desenhado um controlador para criar um estado de balanço em que as forças são iguais fazendo com que o pêndulo fique imóvel. Numa segunda fase, depois de atingir o estado descrito anteriormente, o pêndulo é brevemente puxado num sentido e são medidas as forças e o ângulo do pêndulo para se analisarem os efeitos do estímulo. Desta maneira, várias formas de aplicar estímulos são testadas assim como diferentes estímulos. Percebeu-se que: é possível aplicar estímulos repetíveis com este conceito; o facto de o sistema ser acoplado e não-linear causa dificuldades para o controlo, sendo necessário adoptar novas estratégias. Esta dissertação vai servir como suporte para o trabalho futuro, (que será construir o sistema à escala do PHUA) oferecendo um conjunto de informações e guias.
Postural balance is a concern that applies to both humans and bipedal robots. For Humans, this issue is focused on detecting some pathologies, evaluating individual balance capability, and gather data on how equilibrium is maintained. On the other hand the robot’s postural study aims to evaluate the machine’s control and help tune it. Given the need to test the equilibrium of University of Aveiro Humanoid Project - PHUA, the idea of creating a balance disruption system came up. The idea is that the system disrupts the balance using pull forces that can be applied in every direction of the horizontal plane. As a first approach, the concept is tested on a pendulum assisted by elastics, with the objective of understanding which is the best way to control the system and find possible problems to its control. On an initial phase, a controller is designed to create a state of balance where the pull forces are equal making the pendulum stand still. On a second phase, after achieving the state of balance described previously, the pendulum is briefly pulled in a direction and tensile forces and the pendulum’s angle are measured, with the purpose of analysing the effects of the stimulus. This way, different manners of applying stimuli and different types of stimuli are tested. It was realised that: it is possible to apply repeatable stimuli with this concept; the fact that the system is coupled and non-linear brings obstacles to its control, being necessary to adopt new control strategies. This dissertation will serve as a support for future work, (which is building the system at PHUA scale) offering a set of informations and guidelines.
Torres-Oviedo, Gelsy. "Robust muscle synergies for postural control". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22691.
Texto completoCommittee Chair: Ting, Lena H.; Committee Member: Chang, Young-Hui; Committee Member: Lee, Robert H.; Committee Member: Nichols, T. Richard; Committee Member: Wolf, Steve L.
Kejonen, P. (Pirjo). "Body movements during postural stabilization:measurements with a motion analysis system". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514267931.
Texto completoToledo, Diana Rezende de [UNESP]. "Alterações sensoriais e motoras associadas ao envelhecimento e controle postural de idosos". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87454.
Texto completoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O avanço da idade vem acompanhado de muitas alterações estruturais, funcionais e comportamentais. Como um bom desempenho do controle postural depende da integridade dos sistemas sensoriais e motor, as deteriorações que ocorrem nestes sistemas com o envelhecimento poderiam influenciar o desempenho de controle postural em indivíduos idosos. Entretanto, ainda não estão claras quais alterações funcionais nos sistemas sensoriais e motor são provocadas pelo envelhecimento por si só, bem como a relação entre estas alterações e as mudanças no desempenho de controle postural de adultos idosos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho dos sistemas sensoriais e motor e do controle postural de adultos idosos e investigar a relação entre as alterações destes sistemas e o controle postural desta população. Vinte adultos idosos (68,9±3,7 anos) (GAI) e 20 adultos jovens (21,9±2,1 anos) (GAJ) foram submetidos a avaliações sensoriais, motoras e de controle portural. As avaliações sensoriais foram compostas por avaliação visual (acuidade e sensibilidade ao contraste) e somatossensorial (sensibilidade cutânea e sensibilidade ao movimento passivo). As avaliações motoras consistiram de medidas de torque articular e de latência de ativação muscular após perturbação da superfície de suporte. As avaliações de controle postural consistiram de medidas de oscilação corporal durante manutenção da postura ereta (em semi-tandem stance), resolução de conflito sensorial (movimentação discreta de uma sala móvel) e acoplamento entre informação visual e oscilação corporal (movimentação periódica,...
With aging, individuals exhibit several structural, functional and behavioral changes. As a good postural control performance depends on the integrity of the sensory and motor systems, deterioration of these systems occurring with aging could influence the postural control performance of older adults. However, it is still unclear which sensory and motor functional changes are due to aging per se, neither the relationship between these changes and the changes of the performance of postural control in older adults. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the performance of the sensory and motor systems and postural control in older adults and to investigate the relationship between changes in these systems and postural control in this population. Twenty older adults (68,9±3,7 years) (GAI) and 20 young adults (21,9±2,1 years) (GAJ) were submitted to sensory, motor and postural control assessments. Sensory assessments were composed of visual (acuity and contrast sensitivity) and somatosensory assessments (tactile sensitivity of and sensitivity to passive motion). Motor assessments consisted of measurements of joint torque and muscular activity latency after displacement of support surface. Postural control assessments consisted of measuring the body oscillation during maintenance of the upright stance (semi-tandem stance), the resolution of a sensory conflict (discrete movement of a moving room) and the coupling between visual information...(Complete abastract, click electronic access below)
Pavan, Narcisa Zeferino da Silva. "Alternativas tecnológicas na aplicação de um estímulo sensório-motor sobre o equilíbrio postural: estudo retrospectivo". Doctoral thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5190.
Texto completoIntrodução: Distúrbios do equilíbrio corporal, como tonturas, vertigens e desequilíbrios, são frequentes. Em muitos casos eles podem ser causados por disfunção propriocetiva. Para manter o equilíbrio corporal, o sistema nervoso central depende de informações aferentes dos sistemas vestibular, visual e somatossensorial que, associado à cognição, promove a interação entre corpo e espaço. Objetivo: Analisar as mudanças no equilíbrio corporal antes e após a aplicação de um estímulo pressórico sensoriomotor sobre a região da articulação atlantoccipital utilizando um instrumento denominado ZEPH´S (PI0900380-0). Metodologia: Estudo retrospectivo, com amostra de 137 pacientes que foram subdivididos em um grupo experimental, com 70 pacientes que se submeteram à intervenção proposta e um grupo controlo, com 67 pacientes que não se submeteram a qualquer intervenção. Todos apresentavam queixas relacionadas aos distúrbios do equilíbrio, com diagnóstico etiológico não vestibular e não neurológico. Resultados: Análises estatísticas comparativas foram feitas entre os grupos. Testes de Qui-Quadrado, McNemar e Cochran avaliaram os testes de Romberg, Gagey e Fukuda-Unterberger, além do nistagmo espontâneo de olhos abertos e fechados e o nistagmo direcional. Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes em todas as componentes no grupo experimental, no início e depois de 7, 30 e 180 dias da intervenção e no início e após 30 dias no grupo controlo e também na comparação entre os grupos experimental e controlo. Nos testes de Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon e Friedman para a Escala Visual Analógica foram observadas alterações estatisticamente significantes entre os quatro momentos no grupo experimental, nos dois momentos no grupo controlo e na comparação do grupo experimental com o grupo controlo. Os resultados dos testes com diferenças estatisticamente significantes demonstram o êxito do tratamento experimental. Conclusão: A intervenção testada com a utilização do instrumento ZEPH’S apresentou resultados positivos, com diferenças estatisticamente significantes relativos aos sinais e sintomas dos pacientes, quando comparados o momento da avaliação com os momentos após a intervenção e também se comparados ao grupo controlo.
Introduction: Body balance disorders, such as dizziness and disequilibrium, are commonly observed. In most cases, these disorders are consequence of proprioceptive dysfunction. To preserve the body balance, the central nervous system depends on afferent information of visual, vestibular and somatosensory systems and promotes the interaction between body and space in association with cognition. Objective: To analyze the changes in body balance before and after the use of a pressure sensoriomotor stimulus over the atlanto-occipital joint with using an instrument named ZEPH´S (PI0900380-0). Method: This is a retrospective study with a sample of 167 patients. From these patients, 70 constituted the experimental group and have undergone intervention with the instrument ZEPH’S, 67 patients composed the control group that had not undergone any treatment. All patients had complaints related to balance disorders and no etiological diagnosis of vestibular and neural imbalance. Comparative statistical analyses among the groups were used to evaluate the treatment outcome. Results: The Cochran's Q test, McNemar's test and Chi-square test evaluated the Romberg, Fukuda and Gagey tests, opened eyes spontaneous nystagmus, closed eyes spontaneous nystagmus and directional nystagmus and observed statistically significant differences before and after 7, 30 e 180 days of the stimuli within the experimental group and between the experimental and control groups. The Mann-Whitney’s test, Wilcoxon’s test and Friedman’s test evaluated the Visual Analogic Scale scores and experienced statistically significant changes among the four moments in the experimental group and between the experimental and control groups. All tests demonstrated a statistically significant difference regarding the success of the experimental treatment. Conclusion: The intervention through the ZEPH’S instrument showed positive results with statistically significant differences when the patient conditions were compared before and after the intervention, and also when compared to the control group.
Introduction: Les troubles de l'équilibre du corps, des étourdissements, des vertiges et le déséquilibre sont fréquents. Dans de nombreux cas il peut être provoqué par un dysfonctionnement proprioceptif. Pour maintenir l'équilibre du corps, le système nerveux central dépend des informations afférentes du vestibulaire, visuel et somatosensoriel celui associé à la cognition, favorise l'interaction entre le corps et l'espace. Objectif: analyser les changements dans l'équilibre du corps avant et après l'application d'une stimulation sensorimotrice de pression sur la région de l'articulation atlanto-occipitale l'aide d'un instrument appelé ZEPH'S (PI0900380-0). Méthodologie: Une étude rétrospective auprès d'un échantillon de 137 patients qui ont été divisés en un groupe expérimental, avec 70 patients qui ont subi une intervention proposée et un groupe de contrôle, avec 67 patients qui ne subissent aucune intervention. Tous les patients avaient des plaintes liées aux troubles de l'équilibre et aucun diagnostic étiologique de le déséquilibre vestibulaire ou neurologique. Résultats: Analyses statistiques comparatives ont été faites entre les groupes. Tests du khi-deux, McNemar et Cochran évalué le test de Romberg, Gagey et Fukuda-Unterberger, en plus de nystagme spontané avec les yeux ouverts et fermés et nystagme directionnelle. Des différences statistiquement significatives ont été observées dans toutes les composantes du groupe expérimental au début et après 7, 30 et 180 jours de l'intervention et au départ et après 30 jours dans le groupe de contrôle et également lorsque l'on compare les groupes expérimentaux et de contrôle. Les tests de Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon et Friedman pour l'Echelle Visuelle Analogique changements statistiquement significative n'a été observée entre les quatre étapes dans le groupe expérimental, en deux phases dans le de contrôle et le groupe expérimental par rapport au groupe de contrôle. Les résultats des essais avec des différences statistiquement significatives montrent le succès du traitement expérimental. Conclusion: L'intervention testée en utilisant la mesure ZEPH'S montré des résultats positifs, avec des différences statistiquement significatives pour les signes et les symptômes des patients, en comparaison avec le temps de moments d'évaluation après l'intervention et également par rapport au groupe de contrôle.
Liu, Lingyi. "Concussion balance and postural stability assessment system using kinetic data analysis". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50256.
Texto completoApplied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
Amenabar, Katharine. "Closed loop system identification of postural control with bilateral vestibular loss". College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9686.
Texto completoThesis research directed by: Dept. of Kinesiology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
Toledo, Diana Rezende de. "Alterações sensoriais e motoras associadas ao envelhecimento e controle postural de idosos /". Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87454.
Texto completoBanca: Fabio Viadanna Serrão
Banca: Eliane Mauerberg de Castro
Resumo: O avanço da idade vem acompanhado de muitas alterações estruturais, funcionais e comportamentais. Como um bom desempenho do controle postural depende da integridade dos sistemas sensoriais e motor, as deteriorações que ocorrem nestes sistemas com o envelhecimento poderiam influenciar o desempenho de controle postural em indivíduos idosos. Entretanto, ainda não estão claras quais alterações funcionais nos sistemas sensoriais e motor são provocadas pelo envelhecimento por si só, bem como a relação entre estas alterações e as mudanças no desempenho de controle postural de adultos idosos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho dos sistemas sensoriais e motor e do controle postural de adultos idosos e investigar a relação entre as alterações destes sistemas e o controle postural desta população. Vinte adultos idosos (68,9±3,7 anos) (GAI) e 20 adultos jovens (21,9±2,1 anos) (GAJ) foram submetidos a avaliações sensoriais, motoras e de controle portural. As avaliações sensoriais foram compostas por avaliação visual (acuidade e sensibilidade ao contraste) e somatossensorial (sensibilidade cutânea e sensibilidade ao movimento passivo). As avaliações motoras consistiram de medidas de torque articular e de latência de ativação muscular após perturbação da superfície de suporte. As avaliações de controle postural consistiram de medidas de oscilação corporal durante manutenção da postura ereta (em semi-tandem stance), resolução de conflito sensorial (movimentação discreta de uma sala móvel) e acoplamento entre informação visual e oscilação corporal (movimentação periódica, ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: With aging, individuals exhibit several structural, functional and behavioral changes. As a good postural control performance depends on the integrity of the sensory and motor systems, deterioration of these systems occurring with aging could influence the postural control performance of older adults. However, it is still unclear which sensory and motor functional changes are due to aging per se, neither the relationship between these changes and the changes of the performance of postural control in older adults. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the performance of the sensory and motor systems and postural control in older adults and to investigate the relationship between changes in these systems and postural control in this population. Twenty older adults (68,9±3,7 years) (GAI) and 20 young adults (21,9±2,1 years) (GAJ) were submitted to sensory, motor and postural control assessments. Sensory assessments were composed of visual (acuity and contrast sensitivity) and somatosensory assessments (tactile sensitivity of and sensitivity to passive motion). Motor assessments consisted of measurements of joint torque and muscular activity latency after displacement of support surface. Postural control assessments consisted of measuring the body oscillation during maintenance of the upright stance (semi-tandem stance), the resolution of a sensory conflict (discrete movement of a moving room) and the coupling between visual information...(Complete abastract, click electronic access below)
Mestre
Lim, Yi Huey. "The Postural Control System in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Insights from Exploring the Effects of Visual Information on Postural Control". Thesis, Curtin University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/78788.
Texto completoDavidson, Bradley Steven. "Biomechanical Evaluation of Lumbar Extensor Fatigue Effects on the Postural Control System". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30929.
Texto completoMaster of Science
Iasi, Thayná Cristina Parsaneze [UNESP]. "Contato distal do sistema âncora em diferentes pontos do corpo durante tarefas de controle postural". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153328.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Manter ou reestabelecer uma postura estável depende da detecção de informações por meio de sistemas sensoriais e sistemas de ação-percepção como o sistema háptico. O sistema háptico usa a exploração ativa inclusive durante o uso de ferramentas rígidas ou não rígidas para detectar propriedades importantes do ambiente. Um paradigma proposto sobre o papel do sistema háptico no controle da postura foi o sistema âncora. Os achados dos efeitos estabilizadores da postura com o uso do sistema âncora ilustram como o processo de detecção de informação do ambiente, distal ao corpo e mediado pela ferramenta âncora, depende da relação quase-estável no contato entre a superfície de apoio do corpo e a porção distal das âncoras. A extensão da utilidade desse contato distal para orientação postural ainda é pouco conhecida quanto ao contexto de perturbação da superfície. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o papel da ancoragem realizada no próprio corpo, ou seja, com a porção distal em contato com quatro pontos corporais (i.e., cintura escapular, cintura, joelho e tornozelo), e verificar sua eficiência na redução da taxa de oscilação postural em contraste com a ancoragem tradicional (referência externa). Ainda, analisar a influência da localização desses pontos, distal ou proximal ao solo, quanto à função de ancoragem háptica. Para isso, foram testados 27 sujeitos ativos de ambos os sexos, que permaneceram imóveis em posição tandem sobre uma plataforma de força, com restrição da visão. As condições da tarefa de ancoragem incluíram: a ancoragem tradicional e ancoragem com conexão distal em contato com os quatro pontos corporais (cintura escapular, cintura, joelho e tornozelo). Foram analisadas as variáveis referentes à oscilação corporal (TT-CP, área da elipse, AMO-ML) e referentes à regulação da oscilação do centro de pressão (VM-ML). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a ancoragem nos pontos de contato corporal, via TT-CP e AMO-ML, reduziu a taxa de oscilação postural quando comparada à condição sem âncora. Entretanto, a âncora tradicional é mais eficiente do que quando a resistência vem da porção anexa em qualquer parte do corpo. Quando a comparação é feita entre os pontos de contato corporal, observamos que eles não diferem entre si. Concluímos que mesmo o contato de ancoragem no corpo sendo parcialmente eficiente na redução da taxa de oscilação corporal, este contexto não equipara aos níveis de redução de oscilação gerados por uma ancoragem com referência externa.
Maintaining or reestablishing a stable posture depends on the detection of information through sensory systems and action-perception systems such as the haptic system. The haptic system uses active exploration, even during the use of rigid and non-rigid tools used to detect important properties of the environment. A proposed paradigm about the role of the haptic system in posture control was the anchor system. The findings of the stabilizing effects of posture with the use of the anchor system demonstrate how the process of detecting information from the environment, distal to the body and mediated by the anchor tool, depends on the almost-stable relationship in the contact between body support surface and the distal portion of the anchors. The extent of the utility of this distal contact for postural orientation is still poorly known in the context of surface disturbance. The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of anchoring in own body, therefore, with the distal portion in contact with four corporal points (i.e., scapular waist, waist, knee and ankle), and verify the efficiency in reducing the rate of the postural oscillation in contrast to the traditional anchorage (external reference). Nevertheless, to analyze the influence of the location of these points, distal or proximal to the ground, regarding the function of haptic anchorage. For this, were tested 27 active subjects of both sexes, who remained immobile in a tandem position on a force platform, with visual restriction. The anchoring task conditions included: traditional anchorage and the anchorage with distal connection in contact with four body points (scapular waist, waist, knee, ankle). Were analyzed the variables related to body oscillation (TT-CP, ellipse area, OA-ML) and referring to regulation of the center of pressure oscillation (MD-ML). The results obtained showed that anchorage at the body contact points, via TT-CP and OA-ML, reduced the rate of postural oscillation when compared to non-anchor condition. However, the traditional anchor is more efficient than when the resistance comes from the attached portion in any part of the body When the comparison is made between the points of body contact, we observe that they do not differ from each other. We conclude that even the anchoring contact in the body being partially efficient in reducing the rate of body oscillation, this context does not equate to the levels of oscillation reduction generated by an anchorage with external reference.
Livengood, Ann L. "EFFECT OF THE SMARTSTEPTM STABILIZATION SYSTEM ON BALANCE IN OLDER ADULTS IN AN INDEPENDENT LIVING RESIDENCE". Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/974.
Texto completoTitle from document title page (viewed on February 3, 2009). Document formatted into pages; contains: vii, 122 p. : ill. (some col.). On t.p. the registered trademark symbol "TM" is superscript following SmartStep in the title. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-119).
Figueiredo, Gabriella Andreeta. "A utilização do sentido háptico em tarefas de controle postural imediatamente após esforço físico". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59134/tde-13042018-135803/.
Texto completoExploratory activity during haptic anchoring has a positive effect during challenging postural control tasks. In such case, improvement of postural stability has been demonstrated in a variety of groups (i.e., young adults, older adults, children, and disabled participants) and experimental conditions (i.e., different levels of postural task complexity). The issue of this study is to analyze in contexts of postural tasks whether there is a relation between the homeostatic imbalance caused by maximal physical exertion (that affects the postural system by the impact on the autonomic system) and the haptic system (which integrates additional strategy of voluntary control to the postural system). The purpose of our study was to test whether the haptic information provided by the use of the anchor system exhibits immediate effects on attenuation of postural instability levels increased by general fatigue caused by maximal physical exertion. The anchor system incorporates simultaneous exploratory activity to the execution of a challenging postural task. The anchoring context includes the handling of two flexible cables with loads attached at their ends that enable haptic exploration. In this study, two groups were composed, an experimental group with twenty-three physically active young adults and a control group composed of ten young adults. Both groups performed two experimental sessions (with anchor, without anchor) with tasks of postural control. For the experimental group, the two sessions consisted of: a. balance tasks before physical effort, b. exposure to an incremental exercise protocol, and c. balance tasks after the exercise protocol distributed in 4 periods up to 15 minutes. To induce physical exertion, we used a maximum incremental protocol on a treadmill, and two experimental sessions were conducted on different days with a maximum of 14 days between them. The control group performed the same sessions, however the protocol of induction to physical effort was replaced by an equivalent period of rest. The aim of the control group was to verify the presence of a learning effect during the execution of the tasks. The results for the experimental group of variables related to CT displacement in time domain showed that haptic information from the anchor system attenuated postural instability during conditions of postural control tasks where the participant was under effects of fatigue. In all experimental conditions maximal physical exercise on the treadmill increased postural oscillation, as expected. However, when the haptic information was associated with the experimental task, the postural sway was significantly decreased. Although haptic information significantly attenuated the effects of general fatigue on postural sway the rate of recovery of the basal values of the postural sway was, in the anchoring condition, reduced because of its proximity to the typical oscillation values of the task without the fatigue. The results of the control group demonstrated that the tasks used were not enough to promote a learning effect. The organism from short-term stimuli compensated for the effects of balance degradation caused by fatigue. Haptic information was useful for the posture control system to compensate for the disturbance effects caused by fatigue.
Lopes, Andrei Guilherme. "Efeitos da atividade física no controle postural e capacidade funcional de idosos /". Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100413.
Texto completoBanca: Eliane Mauerberg de Castro
Banca: Renato de Moraes
Banca: Paulo Barbosa de Freitas Junior
Banca: Paula Hentschel Lobo da Costa
Resumo: O envelhecimento, associado ao sedentarismo vem acompanhado de muitas alterações estruturais, funcionais e comportamentais. O controle postural depende da integridade dos sistemas sensoriais e motor e, portanto, as deteriorações que ocorrem nestes sistemas com a ausência de um estilo de vida saudável, podem influenciar o desempenho de controle postural. Entretanto, ainda não estão claras quais alterações funcionais nos sistemas sensoriais e motor podem ser promovidas pela pratica de exercícios físicos, bem como a relação entre estas alterações e as mudanças no desempenho de controle postural de adultos idosos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi examinar os efeitos de um programa de atividade física no controle postural e componentes de capacidade funcional de idosos, abordando aspectos sensoriais, motores e o relacionamento entre ambos. Treze adultos idosos com idade entre 60 e 70 anos foram submetidos a avaliações sensoriais, motoras, de controle postural e capacidade funcional antes e após a participação em um programa de exercícios físicos generalizado. As avaliações sensoriais foram compostas por avaliação visual (acuidade e sensibilidade ao contraste) e somatossensorial (sensibilidade cutânea e sensibilidade ao movimento passivo). As avaliações motoras consistiram de medidas de torque articular e de latência de ativação muscular após perturbação da superfície de suporte. As avaliações de controle postural consistiram de medidas de oscilação corporal durante manutenção da postura ereta (em semitandem stance) e para capacidade funcional foi aplicada a bateria da AAHPERD, Os resultados indicaram que o programa de exercícios proposto influenciou positivamente as capacidades de agilidade, força e capacidade aeróbia e, ainda, a capacidade de produzir torque e latência muscular. Estes resultados indicam que o aumento causado na força muscular... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Aging and a sedentary life style exhibit several structural, functional and behavioral changes. A good postural control performance depends on the integrity of the sensory and motor systems, deterioration of these systems occurring with aging could influence the postural control performance, specifically in older adults that are more susceptible to falls. However, it is still unclear which sensory and motor functional changes can be affected by a physical fitness program, neither the relationship between these changes and the changes of the performance of postural control in older adults. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a exercise training program in the performance of the sensory and motor systems and postural control in older adults and to investigate the relationship between changes in these systems and postural control in this population. Thirteen older adults with age from 60 to 70 years old were submitted to sensory, motor and postural control assessments. Sensory assessments were composed of visual (acuity and contrast sensitivity) and somatosensory assessments (tactile sensitivity of and sensitivity to passive motion). Motor assessments consisted of measurements of joint torque and muscular activity latency after displacement of support surface. Postural control assessments consisted of measuring the body oscillation during maintenance of the upright stance (semi-tandem stance) and de functional capacity where measured by the Functional fitness tests of AAHPERD. The results indicated that the training program improved de agility, strength and aerobic capacity of the functional capacity, the torque capacity and a reduction of the muscular latency. The absence of training effects on the postural control can indicate that the processing of sensory information can be more weight on de stand stance than the physical capabilities. The present study shows...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Chvatal, Stacie Ann. "Muscle synergies for directional control of center of mass in various postural strategies". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43648.
Texto completoIodice, Valeria. "The Postural Tachycardia Syndrome : a multi-system condition : clinical features, pathophysiology, genetics and novel treatment". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38561.
Texto completoLopes, Andrei Guilherme [UNESP]. "Efeitos da atividade física no controle postural e capacidade funcional de idosos". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100413.
Texto completoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O envelhecimento, associado ao sedentarismo vem acompanhado de muitas alterações estruturais, funcionais e comportamentais. O controle postural depende da integridade dos sistemas sensoriais e motor e, portanto, as deteriorações que ocorrem nestes sistemas com a ausência de um estilo de vida saudável, podem influenciar o desempenho de controle postural. Entretanto, ainda não estão claras quais alterações funcionais nos sistemas sensoriais e motor podem ser promovidas pela pratica de exercícios físicos, bem como a relação entre estas alterações e as mudanças no desempenho de controle postural de adultos idosos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi examinar os efeitos de um programa de atividade física no controle postural e componentes de capacidade funcional de idosos, abordando aspectos sensoriais, motores e o relacionamento entre ambos. Treze adultos idosos com idade entre 60 e 70 anos foram submetidos a avaliações sensoriais, motoras, de controle postural e capacidade funcional antes e após a participação em um programa de exercícios físicos generalizado. As avaliações sensoriais foram compostas por avaliação visual (acuidade e sensibilidade ao contraste) e somatossensorial (sensibilidade cutânea e sensibilidade ao movimento passivo). As avaliações motoras consistiram de medidas de torque articular e de latência de ativação muscular após perturbação da superfície de suporte. As avaliações de controle postural consistiram de medidas de oscilação corporal durante manutenção da postura ereta (em semitandem stance) e para capacidade funcional foi aplicada a bateria da AAHPERD, Os resultados indicaram que o programa de exercícios proposto influenciou positivamente as capacidades de agilidade, força e capacidade aeróbia e, ainda, a capacidade de produzir torque e latência muscular. Estes resultados indicam que o aumento causado na força muscular...
Aging and a sedentary life style exhibit several structural, functional and behavioral changes. A good postural control performance depends on the integrity of the sensory and motor systems, deterioration of these systems occurring with aging could influence the postural control performance, specifically in older adults that are more susceptible to falls. However, it is still unclear which sensory and motor functional changes can be affected by a physical fitness program, neither the relationship between these changes and the changes of the performance of postural control in older adults. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a exercise training program in the performance of the sensory and motor systems and postural control in older adults and to investigate the relationship between changes in these systems and postural control in this population. Thirteen older adults with age from 60 to 70 years old were submitted to sensory, motor and postural control assessments. Sensory assessments were composed of visual (acuity and contrast sensitivity) and somatosensory assessments (tactile sensitivity of and sensitivity to passive motion). Motor assessments consisted of measurements of joint torque and muscular activity latency after displacement of support surface. Postural control assessments consisted of measuring the body oscillation during maintenance of the upright stance (semi-tandem stance) and de functional capacity where measured by the Functional fitness tests of AAHPERD. The results indicated that the training program improved de agility, strength and aerobic capacity of the functional capacity, the torque capacity and a reduction of the muscular latency. The absence of training effects on the postural control can indicate that the processing of sensory information can be more weight on de stand stance than the physical capabilities. The present study shows...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Siqueira, Cassio Marinho. "influência do equilíbrio postural no teste 3º dedo ao solo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5170/tde-27022019-125330/.
Texto completoFlexibility evaluation is a standard assessment in clinical and in sports settings. The Toe-touch test (TTT) is a common assessment tool to evaluate posterior muscular chain flexibility. It is a simple, reliable and reproductive test. But the test procedure implies a balance demand as it requires a great amount of body mass to be forward displaced. It was then hypothesized that the balance demand during the TTT and the subject\'s ability to deal with it may affect the flexibility measured by the test. Objective: The main objective was to verify the influence of postural balance on the flexibility measured by the TTT by means of three experimental paradigms with the following specific purposes: 1) to verify whether the minimization of the balance demand during the test may improve test results; 2) to verify whether the test outcome might be influenced by ground inclination (toes up or toes down); and 3) To verify if it is possible to briefly guide the subject to perform a better balance strategy to deal with the balance demand of the test. Methods: 20 young adults (6 men and 14 women) volunteered to participate. They were evaluated over a force platform during quiet stance and during 6 trials of the TTT under the following balance conditions: 1) Standard balance condition TTT (ST); 2) TTT with a balance support device (SupT); 3) ST re-test; 4) TTT over an inclined surface with toes up (TUT); 5) TTT over an inclined surface with toes down (TDT); 6) TTT with balance instructions (InsT). For each test it was calculated the mean position of the Center of Pressure (CP), the ankle, knee, hip, lumbar and trunk angles, as well as the sum of all these angles and the TTT outcome, i.e., the distance from the third finger to the ground. In the first experimental paradigm these variables were compared between tests ST, SupT and re-test. In the second paradigm the comparisons were performed between tests ST, TUT and TDT. And, finally, tests ST and InsT were compared in the third paradigm. In paradigms 1 and 2 the repeated measure ANOVA was performed with significance level of p < 0.05 and T student tests with Bonferroni correction as post-hoc tests. Additionally, the Pearson correlation test was used to calculate the correlation between CP and the tests outcomes. For the third paradigm it was used the T student test with significance level p < 0.05. Results: The first paradigm showed an average improvement of 73% in the test outcome associated by a forward CP displacement and greater ankle and trunk flexion in SupT compared to ST. The SupT also showed a greater flexion of 30? in the sum of angles. Re-test of ST showed learning effects with intermediary results between ST and SupT. Additionally, it was found a negative correlation between CP position and test outcome, the forward the CP, the better the test result. The second paradigm showed a great test improvement in TUT with greater flexion in ankle and in the summed angles compared to TDT and ST. And paradigm 3 showed an improvement of 62% in test outcome associated with forward CP displacement and greater ankle, lumbar, trunk and summed angles in InsT compared to ST. Conclusions: The TTT is highly influenced by balance. Test outcome was improved under less demanding conditions than those with more demanding condition. In the standard balance condition, test outcome was better when the balance strategy involved the forward displacement of the CP. The instruction to the subject to adopt that balance strategy lead to better test outcome
Fourie, Sarie Marissa. "3D measurement of cervical and thoracic postural dynamism in sitting : a pilot study". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85712.
Texto completoENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to improve the measurement of postural dynamism in the sitting position using a three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis system. The primary objective was to describe pilot data for postural dynamism of the cervical and thoracic spines while working at a desktop computer. The secondary objective was to refine the process of posture measurement and analysis by decreasing data processing time. Certain factors in 3D motion analysis can lead to an increase in gaps in data collected during trial capture, which in turn will lead to a longer time of data processing. In the first phase of this study, a number of such factors were identified and altered. A series of pilot studies was performed to test the improvement of data processing time when altering these factors. In the first two pilot studies, camera and tripod positionings were explored and refined, workstation layout and anatomical landmark marker placement were investigated, and optimal capture frequency was established. In both these pilot studies, outcomes were established by means of trial and error by experimenting with a variety of different options for the different outcomes. In the third pilot study, computer software which provides computer tasks for the participant during primary trial capture was tested. Two independent computer users performed all the activities as per software, after which they were required to give oral feedback and suggestions on improvement in terms of user friendliness. The objective of the fourth and final pilot study was to include all of the outcomes from the preceeding pilot studies and attempt a trial run of the actual data collection process. A study participant with no affiliation to the research project was used and a complete trial run was performed after which the measurement process was deemed feasible. In the primary study, 18 student volunteers completed a sequence of computer tasks, including keyboard, mouse and reading activities. Prior to data capture, full range of motion of the thoracic and cervical spines were measured in three dimensions for every participant. Data capture took place for the full duration of performance of all computer activities. Outcome parameters for postural dynamism included true range of motion (degrees), proportional range of motion (percentage) and motion frequency (movement per minute) in all three planes of motion of the cervical and thoracic spines. Typing tasks were associated with biggest movement ranges and motion frequencies. Mouse activity was associated with the most stationary posture, exhibiting the least frequent movement as well as the smallest ranges of motion. The results from this study allow us to better understand the dynamic nature of posture, as well as postural dynamism associated with different computer tasks. This study provides a baseline for future research of 3D motion analysis of the sitting posture. It also marks the need for further research regarding ergonomics, use and potential alternatives in the computer workstation and input devices.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het ten doel gehad om die meting van posturale dinamisme in die sitposisie te verbeter deur middel van „n drie-dimensionele (3D) bewegingsanalisesisteem. Die primêre doelwit was om loodsdata te beskryf vir posturale dinamisme van die servikale en torakale werwelkolomme terwyl op „n rekenaar gewerk word. Die sekondêre doelwit was om die proses van postuurmeting en analise te verfyn deur die dataprosesseringstyd te verminder. Sekere faktore van 3D bewegingsanalise kan „n vermeerdering van gapings in ingesamelde data tot gevolg hê, wat weer kan lei na „n verlengde tydperiode van dataprosessering. In die eerste fase van hierdie studie is sulke faktore identifiseer en aangepas. „n Reeks loodsstudies is uitgevoer om die verbetering van dataprosesseringstyd te toets namate aanpassings aan hierdie faktore gemaak is. Tydens die eerste twee loodsstudies is verskillende kamera en driepoot posisionering ondersoek en verfyn, werkstasie uitleg en anatomiese baken merker plasing is ondersoek en die optimale dataversamelingsfrekwensie is vasgestel. In beide hierdie loodsstudies is die uitkomste vasgestel op grond van toets- en fouteer deur te eksperimenteer met „n verskeidenheid opsies soos van toepassing op die betrokke uitkomste. Tydens die derde loodsstudie is rekenaarsagteware getoets wat die rekenaaraktiwiteit vir die studiedeelnemers verskaf het tydens primêre data-insameling. Twee onafhanklike persone het al die aktiwiteite volgens die sagteware voltooi en het verbale terugvoer en aanbevelings gegee oor hoe om die program te verbeter. Die vierdie en finale loodsstudie het gepoog om al die uitkomste van die eerste drie loodsstudies in te sluit en „n toetsmeting te doen van die ware dataversamelingsproses. „n Onafhanklike studiedeelnemer met geen affiliasie tot die navorsingsprojek nie het „n toetslopie van die hele versamelingsproses gedoen en die metingsproses is haalbaar verklaar. Tydens die primêre studie het 18 student-vrywilligers „n reeks rekenaartake gedoen (insluitend sleutelbord en muisaktiwiteite sowel as „n leesopdrag). Voor die aanvang van dataversameling is die volle bewegingsomvange van die torakale en servikale werwelkolomme van elke deelnemer gemeet. Dataversameling is vir die volle durasie van die uitvoer van rekenaaraktiwiteite gedoen. Uitkomsparameters vir posturale dinamisme het die volgende ingesluit: Omvang van beweging (grade), proporsionele omvang van beweging (persentasie) en bewegingsfrekwensie (bewegings per minuut) in al drie bewegingsvlakke van die servikale en torakale werwelkolomme. Sleutelbord-aktiwiteite is geässosieer met die grootste bewegingsomvange en die meeste bewegingsfrekwensie. Muisaktiwiteit is geässosieer met die mees stasionêre postuur en het die heel minste gereelde beweging getoon in die algemeen. Die resultate van hierdie studie help om die dinamise natuur van postuur beter te verstaan, sowel as posturale dinamisme wat met verskillende rekenaartake verbind word. Die studie bied „n basislyn vir die toekomstige navorsings wat posturale dinamisme met verskillende rekenaartake meet. Dit merk ook die behoefte aan verdere navorsing aangaande ergonomika, gebruik en alternatiewe tot rekenaarwerkstasie en –toerusting.
Dyck, Richard Henry. "Cytochrome oxidase histopathology in the central nervous system of developing rats displaying methylmercury-induced movement and postural disorders". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27873.
Texto completoMedicine, Faculty of
Graduate
Gonzales, Leandro Cesar. "Controle da postura em idosos com adição de informação háptica: relação com a visão e a somatossensação". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17152/tde-05122016-114941/.
Texto completoAlthough the use of the anchor system reduces body sway in older adults, it is not clear how the additional haptic information interacts with other sensory systems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anchor system contribution to postural sway in older adults during a quiet standing task with different sensory manipulations: vision (with and without) and somatosensation (with and without a foam on the support surface). Thirty individuals participated in this study. They stood on a force plate, with their feet apart at shoulder width. Three factors were manipulated: use of the anchor system, vision availability and support surface texture. The anchor system consists of two flexible cables hold by the hands with loads of 125 g connected to each end that is in contact with the ground. In the trials without vision, participants closed their eyes and a blindfold was placed over their eyes. In the eyes open condition, participants fixed their gaze on a target positioned at eye level. For the manipulation of texture of the surface, a foam with the dimensions of the force plate was placed over it. In the rigid surface condition, participants stood directly over the surface of the force plate. Based on center of pressure (CP) displacement, the following variables were calculated: 95% ellipse area, mean sway amplitude (MSA), and mean sway velocity (MSV). The statistical analysis results for the ellipse area and MSV showed main effect of anchor (p<=0.0001), vision (p<=0.0001) and surface (p<=0.0001), as well as interaction between vision and surface (p<=0.0001) and anchor and surface (p=0.002). For MSA, the results revealed main effect of anchor (p<=0.0001), vision (p<=0.0001) and surface (p<=0.0001) and interaction between vision and surface (p<=0.0001). The use of the anchor reduced body sway in all three variables analyzed. Moreover, the absence of vision and the foam surface increased body sway. The use of the anchor did not contribute to reduce body sway on the rigid surface, but on the foam surface the use of anchor reduced body sway. The anchor system helped reducing body sway and this reduction was more effective when the participant was on the foam surface. Therefore, it follows that in more challenging situations the use of the anchor system appears to be more effective.
Silva, Jair Araujo Lopes da. "A contribuição do sistema âncora em diferentes pontos de contato corporal sobre o controle da postura em idosos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17152/tde-21072016-151026/.
Texto completoThe increase in the number of older adults in recent years has brought social and economic impacts. The process of aging and/or specific diseases carries progressive sensory, motor and central processing losses that are related to the increased rate of falls with increasing age. These losses predispose the elderly to suffer from physical mobility limitations, fear of falling or even falls. This scenario evokes the need for special attention to the quality of life for older adults, with new interventions and physical rehabilitation programs. Among these new approaches to improve the functioning of the postural control system, we have the addition of haptic information which helps to reduce body sway during maintenance of upright posture. One way to add haptic information to the postural control system is the anchor system. It consists of a non-rigid tool with two flexible cables with 125g mass resting on the ground and with the other end secured by the hands (traditional anchor). Since light touch in different body regions reduces body sway, it is possible, likewise, that the use of the anchor system in different parts of the body to be effective in reducing body sway. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of using the anchor system in different points of contact (forearm and shoulder) on body sway of older adults during maintenance of upright posture Thirty older adults participated in this study. They stood upright on a force plate to obtain center of pressure displacement (CoP) with their feet in the semi tandem position. Five experimental conditions were carried out: no anchor, traditional anchor, anchors on the hands secured with clasps, anchors on the forearms secured with clasps and anchors on shoulders secured with clasps. Based on data provided by the CP displacement, the following variables were calculated: ellipse area, mean sway amplitude and mean sway velocity. The results showed a reduction in the area of the ellipse and in the mean sway amplitude (anteriorposterior direction) for conditions with anchors hold on the hands and forearms compared to the no anchor condition. The results also indicated a reduction in the mean sway velocity (anterior-posterior direction) with the anchors on the forearms compared to the no anchor condition. For the medial-lateral direction, the mean sway velocity reduced with the anchor on the hands and forearms compared to the no anchor condition. The use of the anchor system in the shoulder region did not reduce body sway. In conclusion, the use of the anchor system reduced body sway when it was placed on the forearms in the same way as when placed/secured on the hands. The improvement observed with the use of anchors does not seem to be related to the amount of tactile receptors in the point of contact of the anchor cables
Wolfe, Amy. "The effect of restricted environments on selected postural, physiological and perceptual responses". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005193.
Texto completoJalasutram, Srikanth. "Design of an intelligent posture guidance system for workspace seating". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41117.
Texto completoFroio, Juliana Lôbo [UNESP]. "Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca de crianças obesas na condição de repouso e após mudança postural ativa". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151760.
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Objetivo: investigar a influência da obesidade na modulação autonômica parassimpática e simpática da FC de crianças, nas condições de repouso e da MPA, e também as relações da obesidade com alterações no exame de sangue em jejum e índices antropométricos. Materiais e métodos: Foram estudados dois grupos, um de 23 crianças obesas (percentil do IMC igual ou maior que 97) e outro de 23 eutróficas (percentil igual ou menor que 85), confirmados pela avaliação antropométrica, cada grupo com 23 indivíduos. Exames laboratoriais de sangue foram classificados. A FC e os intervalos R-R (iR-R) instantâneos foram registrados em repouso com respiração espontânea, em decúbito dorsal por quinze minutos e analisados os índices temporais, espectrais e simbólicos. Após o tempo de coleta na postura anterior, o indivíduo ficou em pé ativamente e permaneceu assim por mais cinco minutos. A pressão arterial foi medida na postura decúbito dorsal e entre 90o e 120o segundos na postura em pé. Os ajustes da mudança postural ativa (MPA) foram analisados calculando-se a razão entre o maior valor do iR-R entre o 20º e o 40º batimento e o menor entre o 5º e o 20º batimentos obtidos na postura em pé (EWING, 1985) e a diferença entre os valores de pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) aferidos nas duas posturas. Resultados: Os principais achados nas análises de repouso referem-se ao fato de as medidas de obesidade global e abdominal estarem relacionadas negativamente com a bioquímica sanguínea e com os índices simbólicos de VFC. Já em relação à MPA, observou-se que a razão iR-R e a variação da PAS foram similares entre os grupos e não se correlacionam com as medidas antropométricas e bioquímicas, entretanto, podem estar associadas às diferenças nos mecanismos autonômicos. Considerações finais: Na condição de repouso, as crianças obesas apresentam menor complexidade na modulação da FC e essa alteração está relacionada tanto à obesidade global, quanto abdominal. Em relação aos ajustes à MPA, a magnitude das respostas da FC e da PAS dos obesos é similar aos eutróficos e não está associada significativamente com as medidas antropométricas e bioquímicas. Entretanto, as respostas da FC, na condição testada, sofrem efeitos da modulação parassimpática, apesar de explicar apenas parcialmente esses ajustes. E a variação da PAS correlaciona-se positivamente com a modulação parassimpática e negativamente com modulação simpática e o balanço simpatovagal.
Objective: to investigate the influence of obesity on the parasympathetic and sympathetic autonomic modulation of the HR of children, in the resting conditions and the MPA, as well as the relationships of obesity with changes in fasting blood test and anthropometric indices. Materials and methods: Two groups were studied, one of 23 obese children (BMI percentile equal to or greater than 97) and one of 23 eutrophic (percentile equal to or less than 85), confirmed by the anthropometric evaluation, each group with 23 individuals. Blood laboratory tests were classified. The HR and the instantaneous R-R (iR-R) intervals were recorded at rest with spontaneous breathing, in dorsal decubitus for fifteen minutes and the temporal, spectral and symbolic indices analyzed. After the collection time in the previous posture, the individual stood up actively and remained so for another five minutes. Blood pressure was measured in the dorsal decubitus position and between 90o and 120o seconds in standing posture. The adjustments of the active postural change (MPA) were analyzed by calculating the ratio between the highest value of the iR-R between the 20 th and 40 th beats and the lowest between the 5th and the 20th beats obtained in standing posture (EWING, 1985) And the difference between the values of systolic blood pressure (SBP) measured in both positions. Results: The main findings in the rest analyzes refer to the fact that the measures of global and abdominal obesity are negatively related to the blood biochemistry and to the symbolic indexes of HRV. Regarding MPA, it was observed that the iR-R ratio and the SBP variation were similar between the groups and did not correlate with the anthropometric and biochemical measures, however, they may be associated with the differences in the autonomic mechanisms. Conclusion: In the resting condition, obese children present a lower complexity in HR modulation and this alteration is related to both global and abdominal obesity. Regarding adjustments to MPA, the magnitude of the HR and SBP responses of obese individuals is similar to eutrophic and is not significantly associated with anthropometric and biochemical measures. However, the HR responses, under the condition tested, suffer effects of the parasympathetic modulation, although only partially explain these adjustments. And the variation of SBP correlates positively with the parasympathetic modulation and negatively with sympathetic modulation and the sympatovagal balance.
Fountain, Leslie J. K. "Examining the relationship between Rapid Upper Limb Assessment's (RULA) postural scoring system and selected physiological and psychophysiological measures". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0021/MQ57234.pdf.
Texto completoWinkler, Andrea-Sylvia. "Investigation of the pathogenesis of anaemia and symptomatic postural hypotension in diabetic autonomic neuropathy and multiple system atrophy". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246858.
Texto completoLandin, Kasper y Atle Ager. "Effekterna av nackkoordinationsträning och stående balansträning med instabila system vad gäller nackproprioception och postural kontroll. : En experimentell pilotstudie". Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63904.
Texto completoPontes, Fernando Vicente de. "Adequação postural em cadeiras de rodas de pessoas com deficiência: estudo retrospectivo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5170/tde-18122017-100521/.
Texto completoIntroduction: The positioning system or adaptations in wheelchair provide the user with the postural control necessary for daily activities, the maintenance of independence, and interaction with the environment. In addition, they avoid respiratory complications and the appearance of deformities in individuals. Indicating the best positioning system is one of the most challenging tasks for healthcare professionals specializing in its prescription because it can be difficult to assess which components best meet the needs of an individual. Thus, we are concerned with the development of evidence in this area, and therefore the collection of information about wheelchair prescription and its components of postural adequacy are essential for the construction of historical series, evaluation of their use, and the possibility of new actions and policies in this regard. Objective: To characterize and quantify wheelchair adaptations prescribed and dispensed by an occupational therapy service of a specialized orthopedic hospital in relation to the needs arising from the diagnoses attended from 2005 to 2013. Methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective descriptive observational study performed at the Occupational Therapy Service of the Orthopedics and Traumatology Institute of the Clinics Hospital of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo using the patient records of all wheelchair users, attended by the wheelchair prescription group and positioning system of the field of study. Were collected sociodemographic information (gender and age), diagnosis, whether a new wheelchair was received, whether wheelchair adaptations were received, and the adaptations prescribed. Results: A total of 1480 patient records were investigated, the majority of which were male (62.1%); the mean age of the sample was 24.1 years (SD = 17.2). Of these, 30.9% had a diagnosis of cerebral palsy, followed by spinal cord injury (22.6%), Duchenne muscular dystrophy (13.8%), amputation due to trauma and other pathologies (8.3%). and myelomeningocele (4.2%). Of the 1480 users, 69.3% received a new wheelchair and 30.7% already had one donated by other services and / or purchased by the patient. Almost all the chairs needed adaptations in their structure (96.1%), and only 57 wheelchairs (3.9%) did not require any. The most frequent adaptation was the pelvic belt (96.1%), followed by the rigid base seat, and backrest (95.1% and 94.5%, respectively). Conclusions: It is noted that the sample studied required many positioning items for their wheelchairs. Despite the high demand for these assistive technological resources, research in this area is scarce. Therefore, the research proposed by this study has produced important evidences for the clinical practice of occupational therapists that act on the prescription of wheelchairs and systems of postural adequacy for people with disabilities, presenting data that contribute to a better indication of these equipment\'s
Pereira, Andressa Busch Rocha. "Efeito do uso do sistema âncora no controle postural após a fadiga dos músculos flexores plantares em idosos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17152/tde-29032018-104533/.
Texto completoThe fatigue of the planta flexor muscles disturbs postural control. On the other hand, the use of the anchor system reduces postural sway. However, it is unknown whether the use of this tool would compensate for the increase of the body sway caused by muscle fatigue of the plantar flexor muscles. The additional haptic information provided by light touch and taping was able to compensate for the disturbing effect of fatigue in young adults. However, it is unknown how the old adults would respond to this disturbance with the use of additional haptic information. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the use of the anchor system is able to compensate for the increase of the body sway due to fatigue of the plantar flexor muscles in young and old adults. The groups of participants were tested barefoot and with eyes closed in four conditions in upright posture: with and without the anchor system, before and after the fatigue protocol. The anchor system consists of two flexible cables with a light load (125 g) attached to one end of each cable. Participants should hold one cable in each hand and the keep the cable taut without removing the loads from the ground. The fatigue protocol consisted of performing a single series of bilateral plantar flexion of the ankles repeatedly and continuously and uninterrupted. As expected, the fatigue protocol increased body sway in both groups. Both groups benefited from the use of anchors with reduction of body sway. However, this effect was independent of fatigue. We conclude that the anchor system contributed to the reduction of body sway in young and old adults. However, the anchor system was not able to compensate for the disturbing effect in postural control created by fatigue of the plantar flexor muscles.
Partlow, Adam. "A knowledge based engineering system for the prescription and manufacture of custom contoured seating for clients with severe musculoskeletal and postural conditions". Thesis, University of South Wales, 2014. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/a-knowledge-based-engineering-system-for-the-prescription-and-manufacture-of-custom-contoured-seating-for-clients-with-severe-musculoskeletal-and-postural-conditions(d6dbc8e7-3874-4f1a-a824-1583b0250f52).html.
Texto completoKavanagh, Justin y n/a. "Dynamic Stability of the Upper Body During Walking". Griffith University. School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070219.172055.
Texto completoKavanagh, Justin. "Dynamic Stability of the Upper Body During Walking". Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365494.
Texto completoThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science
Full Text
Amabile, Celia. "Quantitative analysis and biomechanical modeling of the balance alteration during aging". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0031/document.
Texto completoAging of the global population challenges scientific community in finding ways to live longer, but also in better condition. Falling of the elderly is known to be the start of a vicious cycle leading to loss of autonomy, involving great costs for the society as well as for the patient. Falling is the consequence of the loss of an efficient balance involving skeleton, muscles and cognitive capacities. The objective of this PhD was to search for early changes leading to pathological aging, in order to detect people at risk. The first part reports the characterization of the postural alignment, of both young and older asymptomatic adults, from 3D reconstruction of their skeleton based on bi-planar X-rays. An invariant was found and compensatory strategies have been identified for aging adults. The second part focuses on the 3D reconstructions of the muscles, based on MRI images, both for young adults and older adults with spinal deformities. This part identifies muscular changes in relation with postural alterations. The last part of this PhD tackles the adjustment and personalization of a biomechanical musculo-skeletal model computing the resulting load in the inter-vertebral joint. The control loop approach of the model aims to limit these loads by activating appropriate muscles. The use of 3D personalized geometry as input of the model allows a better understanding of specific compensatory mechanisms occurring during aging or pathological evolution. This part reveals the influence of the postural alteration on the muscular recruitment pattern. This PhD brings to light aging alterations of the skeleton and muscles; this could lead to biomarkers’ identification allowing a better identification of aging people at risk
Cogo, Lícia Assunção. "A INFLUÊNCIA DO ORGANOFOSFORADO CLORPIRIFÓS NO SISTEMA VESTIBULAR DE COBAIAS". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6552.
Texto completoSome chemicals have caused much damage to humans and the environment. Among these substances are chemical compounds like pesticides, often considered responsible for poisoning the workers, making it a public health problem. The aim of this study was to verify whether the organophosphate chlorpyrifos was influential in the vestibular system of guinea pigs in acute exposure. This was an experimental research. The research used 18 albino guinea pigs of the species Cavia porcellus, divided into three groups, with group I control the other, using distilled water and containing five animals. In Group II, six animals were administered 0.5 mg / kg / day of pesticide chlorpyrifos and group III, with seven animals at a dose of 1mg/kg/day of the same pesticide. The three groups were under experiment for 10 days. For analysis of the results was performed functional analysis of the vestibular system by electronystagmography (caloric test - with ice water) and histopathological analysis by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed no statistically significant difference for the variable frequency of appearance of nystagmus and angular velocity of the slow component in electronystagmography, and the number of ciliary tufts histologically by scanning electron microscopy. It was concluded that the organophosphate chlorpyrifos did not cause damage to the vestibular system of the guinea pigs at the doses tested in acute exposure.
Algumas substâncias químicas têm causado muitos danos ao ser humano e ao meio ambiente. Dentre estas substâncias encontram-se os compostos químicos do tipo agrotóxicos, frequentemente considerados como responsáveis por intoxicações a trabalhadores, tornando isto um problema de saúde pública. O objetivo geral deste estudo consistiu em verificar se o organofosforado clorpirifós teve influência no sistema vestibular de cobaias em exposição aguda. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa experimental. A pesquisa utilizou 18 cobaias albinas da espécie Cavia porcellus, divididas em três grupos; sendo o grupo I o controle dos demais, utilizando água destilada e contendo cinco animais. No grupo II, com seis animais, foi administrada a dose de 0,5mg/kg/dia de agrotóxico clorpirifós e no grupo III, com sete animais a dose de 1mg/kg/dia do mesmo agrotóxico. Os três grupos estiveram sob experimento durante 10 dias. Para análise dos resultados foi realizada a análise funcional do sistema vestibular através da eletronistagmografia (prova calórica com água gelada) e a análise histopatológica através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os resultados não demonstraram diferença estatística significante para as variáveis frequência de aparecimento de nistagmo e velocidade angular da componente lenta na eletronistagmografia; e no número de tufos ciliares na análise histopatológica por microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Concluiu-se que o organofosforado clorpirifós não ocasionou dano ao sistema vestibular das cobaias nas doses testadas em exposição aguda.
Helde, Kristian. "Exploring a Visual Flow Display to Enhance Spatial Orientation during Flight". Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-689.
Texto completoThe problem of spatial disorientation during flight of aircraft is briefly described, as are definitions of the phenomenon. Traditional countermeasure efforts that are often directed towards changes in the central visual field are reconsidered in favour of presentation of information in the peripheral visual field. It is proposed to use optic flow to support spatial orientation, as well as to omit such information from the central visual field. An experiment was conducted, and results showed that forward visual flow gave very important spatial information. The flow could be cropped to a certain degree in the periphery (horizontally), as well as parts of the central presentation could be omitted without decreasing effects in the experiment. Implications relevant to possible implementations in aircraft are discussed.
Hall, Courtney D., Carolyn K. Clevenger, Rachel A. Wolf, James S. Lin, Theodore M. Johnson y Steven L. Wolf. "Feasibility of a Low-Cost, Interactive Gaming System to Assess Balance in Older Women". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/546.
Texto completoTia, Banty. "Couplage perception-action et équilibre postural : approche fondamentale. Application de l'observation pour le réentrainement chez les sujets agés". Thesis, Dijon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DIJOS027.
Texto completoVoluntary imitation is known as a major means of acquisition of motor skills. Besides, another form of imitation, automatic and involuntary, was initially more extensively studied in social psychology, perhaps because of its close interaction with prosocial behaviors. Recently, there was a renewal of interest in automatic imitation, following research works of the 1990s that highlighted common neural substrates for movement observation and execution. In this context, scientific studies started, through various experimental paradigms, to investigate facilitation and interference effects between observed and executed movements. Research work presented in this thesis aims to improve our understanding of the mechanisms involved in motor contagion and to identify their possible application to motor retraining. For this purpose, we evaluated, in our first study, the impact of observation of postural imbalance on body sway of young (24.5 ± 5 years), healthy observers. Postural control mainly relies on subcortical structures for maintaining postural tonus and ensuring multisensory integration. Similarly to vegetative functions that are independent of voluntary control, these neural substrates would be more easily contaminated by observed movements. However in response to observed imbalance, postural regulation mechanisms, superimposed to inhibitory processes that prevent compulsive imitation, restrain observers’ disequilibrium. Therefore, this experimental paradigm enabled us to test the limits of contagion mechanisms in a situation highly soliciting inhibitory and regulation processes. Our results led us to highlight a contagion effect of observed imbalance on subjects’ postural sway, which confirmed the importance of imitation processes. These results raise an important question in terms of applications for movement retraining in patients with postural disorders, more specifically in elderly patients with impaired stabilization functions. In effect, if observation of postural imbalance leads to a motor contagion response, it is also likely to solicit regulatory and inhibitory functions for observers’ postural stabilization. Thus, could repeated observation of such disequilibrium movements lead to an improvement of stabilization functions for subjects with postural deficits? To investigate this question, it will be necessary to repeat this protocol with the target population, since observers’ response is likely to vary with age and motor competences. To complete this work, we conducted a second study to assess the impact of the motor repertoire on motor contagion responses. Although it is widely accepted that the motor system (biomechanical constraints, level of expertise) affects perceptual processes, its effect on imitative responses has been little studied. We analyzed postural reactions of young (24.2 ± 3.7 years), healthy observers when presented with sequences of anteroposterior and medio-lateral imbalance. Postural equilibration strategies are associated with different constraints along these two axes, with a medio-lateral symmetry and an anteroposterior asymmetry – this latter asymmetry results from a location of the center of mass ahead of the ankle joint, which induces an increased solicitation of muscles from the posterior plane for stabilization. An impact of the motor system on the contagion process could therefore appear in the form of different postural responses in our two observation conditions. Our results indicated a greater contagion effect during observation of anteroposterior compared to medio-lateral imbalance. Postural contagion is therefore conditioned by observers’ equilibration strategy. In our third study, we considered using this contagion effect for perceptual training aimed at the maintenance and improvement of elderly subjects’ motor performances. The issue of an observational training device is especially relevant when considering people for whom physical exercise is limited due to fatigue or pain.etc
Bonfim, Thatia Regina [UNESP]. "Informação sensorial e controle motor em indivíduos com lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100427.
Texto completoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Após a lesão do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior (LCA), a percepção de movimento e o controle postural estão comprometidos, possivelmente pela redução de informação sensorial da perna lesada. Assim, o objetivo desta tese foi investigar o efeito do uso de informação sensorial adicional na propriocepção e no controle postural de indivíduos com lesão do LCA e de indivíduos com joelhos sadios. Foi realizada uma breve revisão teórica e dois conjuntos de análises em um mesmo estudo experimental. O primeiro conjunto de análises investigou o efeito da adição de informação sensorial no limiar para detecção de movimento passivo da articulação do joelho e no controle postural de 28 indivíduos com lesão unilateral do LCA e de 28 indivíduos com joelhos sadios. O limiar para detecção de movimento passivo (LDMP) foi avaliado nas posições de 15 e 45 graus, para as direções de flexão e extensão. O controle postural foi investigado por meio da área de deslocamento, amplitude e velocidade média de oscilação e freqüência mediana de oscilação do centro de pressão (CP). As condições de informação sensorial foram: informação normal, bandagem infra-patelar, faixa infra-patelar e toque suave em uma barra estacionária (força inferior a 1 Newton). Os resultados demonstraram que o LDMP é maior em indivíduos com lesão do LCA, no entanto, há redução do mesmo com a utilização de informação sensorial adicional. A área, a amplitude e a velocidade média de oscilação do CP são maiores após a lesão do LCA e há uma redução com o uso de informação sensorial adicional. Indivíduos com joelhos sadios apresentam uma redução da oscilação corporal apenas na condição de toque suave.
After Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) lesion, perception of movement and postural control are compromised, possibly by reduction of the sensorial information from the injured leg. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to examine the effect of the use of additional sensorial information in the proprioception and in the postural control of individuals with ACL lesion and individuals with healthy knees. A short theoretical revision and two groups of specific in a same experimental study were realized. The first group of analyses investigated the effect of the addition of sensorial information in the threshold to detection of passive knee motion and in the control postural of 28 individuals with ACL unilateral lesion and 28 individuals with healthy knees. The threshold to detection of passive motion (TDPM) was evaluated in the positions of 15 and 45 degrees, for flexion and extension directions. Postural control was investigated through the displacement area, mean sway amplitude, mean sway velocity and medium frequency of the center of pressure (CP). The conditions of sensorial information were: normal information, infra-patellar adhesive tape, infra-patelar band and light touch in a stationary bar (applied force below 1 Newton). The results demonstrated that TDPM is larger in individuals with ACL lesion; however, TDPM is reduced with the use of additional sensorial information. The area, mean sway amplitude and mean sway velocity of the CP are larger after ACL lesion and there is a reduction with the use of additional sensorial information. Individuals with healthy knees presented a reduction of the body oscillation only in the condition of light touch.
Gardenghi, Giulliano. ""Estudo comparativo entre o tratamento farmacológico, o treinamento físico moderado e o treinamento postural passivo em pacientes portadores de síncope neurocardiogênica"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-26052006-143504/.
Texto completoNeurocardiogenic syncope is an autonomic disfunction that leads to hypotension and loss of conciousness. Seventy patients were randomized in 4 groups: control, physical training, tilt training and pharmacological treatment. Clinical outcome, anxiety levels and baroreflex sensitivity for heart rate and muscle sympathetic nervous activity were evaluated. Lower recurrence rates were obtained in all groups. Anxiety levels decrease was achieved in 3 groups, except controls. Physical training improved baroreflex sensitivity
Equi, Marcia Berlanga. "Investigação de sobrecarga do sistema musculoesquelético em auxiliares de cozinha utilizando o método RULA e o mapa de desconforto postural". Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-09102014-115019/.
Texto completoThe decades of 80 and 90 had been characterized for intense actions in the area of occupational health. However the index of attacks and complaints in upper limbs continue being a huge problem. The workers who carry out activities of food preparation present a great overload in upper limbs. The aim of this study was to analyze the musculoskeletal overload and the postural discomfort in workers of two industrial kitchens through the RULA method and the postural discomfort map. The tasks were filmed and evaluated during 10 days in each restaurant. Each task was evaluated by two independent observers aiming to identify the results of the RULA method and factors that could influence the musculoskeletal overload, such as furniture, tools of work, mechanization of the work process, posture, and processed food use. The workers had also filled the postural discomfort map. It was seen that there was not any significant difference in the results of the RULA method between the two studied restaurants. However it was observed some differences when we compare the tasks that involved the processed food use in one of the restaurants, where it had been identified minor musculoskeletal overload to these employees. These data did not cause significant differences in the final result of all the tasks, due to the influence of other basic factors in this analysis: the furniture, the tools of work and the postural orientation. It was not determined significant difference in the postural discomfort map among these populations except right forearm and right leg
Perseguini, Natália Maria. "Análises espectral e simbólica da modulação autonômica cardíaca em repouso e em resposta à mudança postural de idosos saudáveis: comparação entre gêneros". Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/5271.
Texto completoUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais
The dissertation consisted of two works. The objective of the first study was to use linear and non-linear methods to investigate the cardiac autonomic modulation in elderly men and women in response to a postural change from the supine to the standing position. Fourteen men (66 ± 3.5 years) and ten women (65 ± 3.3 years) who did not use hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) were evaluated. All volunteers were apparently healthy. The RR intervals (RRi) and the beat-to-beat heart rate (HR) were recorded in the supine and standing positions. The HR variability (HRV) was studied by spectral analysis: low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) in absolute units (LF and HF) and normalized units (LFun and HFun) as well as the low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio. Symbolic analysis (0V%, 1V%, 2LV% and 2ULV% indexes) and Shannon entropy were also calculated for the HRV analysis. Men presented higher LF, LFnu and LF/HF ratio, and lower HFnu and 1V% symbolic index when compared to women in the supine position. Shannon entropy was higher among men than among women in the standing position. During the postural change there were a decrease in LF and an increase in Shannon entropy in the men s group. There was an increase in LFnu and LH/HF ratio as well as a decrease in HF, HFnu and 2LV% symbolic index due to the postural change from supine to standing position in the women s group. In conclusion, women presented a more appropriate response to the postural change than men in the age range studied, showing that the cardiac autonomic modulation may be better preserved in women than in men. Similarly, the objective of the second study was to investigate the HR autonomic modulation in elderly men and women HRT users and no-users by linear and nonlinear methods. So, 15 men (66 ± 3.4 years), 13 women without HRT (64 ± 3.5 years) and 7 women HRT users (61 ± 2.1 years), all of them apparently healthy, were evaluated. The RRi and the beat-to-beat HR were recorded in the supine position. The data analysis was carried out on the same methods described in the first study. The cardiac autonomic modulation analysis in the supine position shows that the women without HRT presented higher HFnu and lower LFnu, LF/HF ratio and 0V% symbolic index when compared to the men. No differences were observed in the comparison between the women who used and did not use HRT. We concluded that the women without HRT seem to have a higher cardiac vagal modulation and a lower cardiac sympathetic modulation when compared to the men. The use of HRT may not offer advantages to the cardiac autonomic modulation in elderly women.
A dissertação constou de 2 estudos descritos a seguir. O estudo I teve por objetivo verificar, por métodos lineares e não lineares, a modulação autonômica da freqüência cardíaca (FC) de idosos aparentemente saudáveis em resposta à mudança postural de supino para ortostatismo. Participaram deste estudo 14 homens (66 ± 3,5 anos) e 10 mulheres (65 ± 3,3 anos) sem uso de terapia de reposição hormonal (TRH). Os intervalos R-R (iR-R) e a FC batimento a batimento foram registrados nas posições supina e ortostática. A VFC foi analisada por meio dos índices espectrais de baixa freqüência (BF) e alta freqüência (AF) em unidades absolutas (BF e AF) e unidades normalizadas (BFun e AFun), da razão entre as bandas de baixa e alta freqüências (BF/AF). A análise simbólica da VFC (índices 0V%, 1V%, 2LV% e 2ULV%) e a entropia de Shannon também foram calculadas. Na análise da VFC em resposta à mudança postural, os homens apresentaram maiores valores de BF, BFun e razão BF/AF e menores valores de AFun e índice simbólico 1V% em comparação às mulheres, na posição supina. A entropia de Shannon foi maior no grupo de homens comparado ao grupo de mulheres na posição ortostática. Nos homens, a mudança postural levou à diminuição de BF e aumento da entropia de Shannon. Nas mulheres, houve aumento de BFun e da razão BF/AF e diminuição de AF, de AFun e do índice simbólico 2LV% devido à mudança de posição de supino para ortostatismo. Concluímos que, na faixa etária estudada, as mulheres apresentaram uma resposta mais adequada à mudança postural que os homens, mostrando que a modulação autonômica cardíaca nas mulheres parece estar mais preservada. Também foi realizado o estudo II, que teve por objetivo verificar, por métodos lineares e não lineares, a modulação autonômica da FC de homens e mulheres idosas com e sem o uso de TRH. Para isso, foram avaliados 15 homens (66 ± 3,4 anos), 13 mulheres sem TRH (64 ± 3,5 anos) e 7 mulheres com TRH (61 ± 2,1 anos), todos aparentemente saudáveis. Os iR-R e a FC batimento a batimento foram registrados na posição supina. A análise de dados foi realizada como descrito para o estudo I. A análise da modulação autonômica cardíaca na posição supina mostrou que as mulheres sem uso de TRH apresentaram maior AFun e menores BFun, razão BF/AF e índice 0V% comparadas aos homens. Nenhuma diferença foi observada na comparação entre as de mulheres sem TRH e as mulheres com TRH. Concluímos que as mulheres não usuárias de TRH parecem ter uma maior modulação vagal e uma menor modulação simpática cardíaca quando comparadas aos homens, sendo que o uso de TRH parece não oferecer vantagens com relação à modulação autonômica cardíaca de mulheres idosas.
Dozza, Marco <1978>. "Biofeedback systems for human postural control". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/391/.
Texto completoDelorenzi, Chiara. "Sindrome della Spinta nel paziente con stroke: correlazione con aspetti clinici, neurofisiologici e neuropsicologici. Scoping Review". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24553/.
Texto completoSchwesig, René. "Das posturale System in der Lebensspanne /". Hamburg : Kovač, 2006. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/3-8300-2339-1.htm.
Texto completoD'Agosto, Tatyana de Oliveira. "Modulação autonômica cardíaca: influência da aptidão aeróbia, nível de atividade física e idade". Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2010. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2631.
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O sistema nervoso autônomo (SNA) modula a freqüência cardíaca (FC) em situações de repouso e dinâmicas. Em repouso a variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca (VFC) é uma ferramenta não invasiva para avaliação do SNA. Em situação dinâmica, a transição repouso – exercício (Ton) e testes provocativos como manobra postural ativa (MPA) são capazes de modificar a atuação do SNA, possibilitando a avaliação da capacidade de adaptação do sistema. Fatores como aptidão aeróbia, nível de atividade física (NAF) e a idade podem influenciar diretamente a modulação autonômica cardíaca de repouso. Entretanto, em situações dinâmicas a influência desses fatores é pouco conhecida e contraditória. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar as associações da aptidão aeróbia, NAF e idade na modulação autonômica cardíaca em condições de repouso, no Ton e na postura ortostática após a MPA. No primeiro estudo, analisou-se a relação entre aptidão aeróbia e modulação autonômica cardíaca em 28 indivíduos jovens, com controle do NAF. Analisaram-se a FC e VFC na condição de repouso e, para análise do Ton, foram calculado índices de amplitude, delta de FC e RMSSD em janelas de 15 s. Não houve relação entre aptidão aeróbia e VFC em repouso (SDNN r = -0,22, pNN50 r= -0,25, HF log (ms2) r= -0,31; p>0,05). No Ton, foi observado que o grupo com maior nível de aptidão aeróbia apresentou maior amplitude (61,5 ± 14,6 bpm no grupo VO2 alto e 46,2 ± 11,8 bpm no grupo VO2 baixo; p<0,05) e delta de FC 60s (47,2 ± 11,7 bpm no grupo VO2 alto e 36,4± 12,2 bpm no grupo VO2 baixo; p<0,05). O segundo estudo avaliou a relação entre o NAF e modulação autonômica cardíaca em 26 homens jovens, com controle da aptidão aeróbia e NAF diferentes mensurado pelo escore bruto esportivo de Baecke. Analisaram-se a FC e VFC na condição repouso e, para análise do Ton, foram calculados índices de amplitude, delta de FC e RMSSD em janelas de 15 s. Não houve relação entre NAF e VFC em repouso (SDNN r = -0,32, pNN50 r= -0,26, HF log(ms2) r= -0,37; p>0,05) e no Ton (Aon r= -0,04, D60s r= -0,34; p>0,05). O terceiro estudo analisou a influência da idade na MPA em 20 homens, divididos em dois grupos, sendo Grupo EV: indivíduos acima de 50 anos (n=10), Grupo JV: jovens (n=10). A VFC foi mensurada na posição supina (20 min) e após a MPA, sendo 6 analisados os últimos 5 minutos. Calculou-se VFC por meio de índices lineares e por índices não lineares de entropia. Grupo EV apresentou redução da VFC em repouso e menor capacidade de adaptação à MPA (RMMSD: 62,8 ± 20,7 ms para 33,8 ± 8,3 ms no JV após MPA e 18,1 ± 12,7 para 14,4±13,7 ms no EV após MPA; HF log (ms2): 7,2 ± 0,8 para 5,9 ± 0,7 ms2 no JV após MPA e 4,7 ± 1,1 para 3,6 ± 1,3 ms2 no EV após MPA; p<0,05). O grupo EV não apresentou modificação significativa dos índices lineares como mecanismos de adaptação à MPA, sendo que a redução da entropia pode ser uma explicação para elevação da FC com MPA (correlação entre delta FC e delta entropia ApEn r= -0,48 e SampEn r=-0,65, p<0,05). Podemos perceber que aptidão aeróbia e nível de atividade física não influenciam a modulação autonômica cardíaca em repouso em indivíduos jovens com características homogêneas. Com relação a situações dinâmicas, somente a aptidão aeróbia foi capaz de influenciar o Ton. A idade influência a resposta do SNA tanto no repouso quando após MPA, com mecanismos fisiológicos distintos para adaptação da postura ortostática. Além disso, índices não lineares forneceram informações adicionais da capacidade de adaptação do SNA com envelhecimento na MPA.
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) modulates heart rate (HR) at rest and dynamic situations. At rest the heart rate variability (HRV) is constitute noninvasive tool for evaluate of the ANS. In dynamic situations rest - exercise transient (Ton) and provocative tests as active postural maneuver (APM) are able to modify the SNA dynamics contributing to cardiovascular assessment. Factors such as aerobic fitness, physical activity level (PAL) and age may directly influence the cardiac autonomic modulation at rest. However, in dynamic situations the influence of these factors is poorly understood and contradictory. The study objective was to determine the associations of aerobic fitness, physical activity and aging with cardiac autonomic modulation at rest, in the Ton and the orthostatic posture. The first study examined the relationship between aerobic fitness and cardiac autonomic modulation in 28 young men, with control of the PAL. We analyzed the HR and HRV in resting condition and, for the analysis of the Ton, was calculated rates amplitude, delta HR and RMSSD 15 s. There was no relationship between aerobic fitness and HRV at rest (r = -0.22 SDNN, pNN50 r = -0.25, HF In (ms2) r = -0.31; p>0,05). In Ton, we found that the group with higher level of aerobic fitness had a higher amplitude (61.5 ± 14.6 bpm in group high VO2 and 46.2 ± 11.8 bpm in group low VO2; p<0,05) and delta HR 60s (47.2 ± 11.7 bpm in group high VO2 and 36.4 ± 12.2 bpm in group VO2 below; p<0,05). The second study evaluated the relationship between PAL and cardiac autonomic modulation in 26 young men, with control of aerobic fitness and physical activity levels measured at different raw of the Baecke score sports. We analyzed the HR and HRV in resting condition and for analysis of the Ton, were calculated rates of amplitude, delta HR and RMSSD for 15 s. There was no relation between PAL and HRV at rest (r = -0.32 SDNN, pNN50 r = -0.26, HF In (ms2) r = 0.37; p>0,05) and Ton (Aon r = -0.04, D60s r = -0.34; p>0,05). The third study examined the influence of age on the APM on 20 men, divided into two groups, Group EV: individuals over 50 years (n = 10), Group JV: young (n = 10). HRV was measured in the supine position (20 min) and after the APM, and analyzed the last 5 minutes. HRV was calculated by linear indices and nonlinear indices of entropy. EV Group decreased HRV at rest and less adaptability to AMP (RMMSD: 62.8 ± 20.7 ms 8 to 33.8 ± 8.3 ms in the JV after AMP and 18.1 ± 12.7 to 14, 4 ± 13.7 ms in EV after AMP; HF In (ms2): 7.2 ± 0.8 to 5.9 ± 0.7 ms2 in the JV after AMP and 4.7 ± 1.1 to 3.6 ± 1.3 ms2 in EV after AMP; p <0,05). The EV group showed no significant change in the indices as linear mechanisms of adaptation to the AMP and the reduction of entropy may be an explanation for a rise in HR with AMP (correlation between delta HR and delta entropy ApEn r = -0.48 and SampEn r =- 0.65; p <0,05). We can see that aerobic fitness and physical activity level did not influence the cardiac autonomic modulation at rest in young individuals with homogeneous characteristics. With respect to dynamic situations only aerobic fitness was able to influence the Ton. Age influences the response of ANS both at rest when after AMP, with distinct physiological mechanisms of adaptation to orthostatic posture. In addition, non-linear indices provided additional information the adaptability of the ANS with aging in the AMP.
Smith, Dean L. "Postural Coordination During Quiet Stance and Suprapostural Activity". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1091063392.
Texto completoHummel, Pieter. "Changes in posture during pregnancy /". Woerden : Sterprint Offset, 1987. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/29632.
Texto completoSantos, Fabiola Carvalho Lopes dos. "Razão de chance de ocorrência de dor, variáveis posturais e disfunção em violinistas na cidade de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5163/tde-27072012-081823/.
Texto completoThe relation between musicians and musculoskeletal pain is more and more common in musical research centers, like universities and orchestras. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the odds ratio of occurrence of pain, postural changes, and disabilities of violinists in São Paulo. It has been assessed thirty- eight violinists with a mean age of 21.5 ± 4.7 years. Postural analysis was carried out by means of Photogrammetry with the aid of the software SAPO v.0.63 and previously placed in bone markers, observed in the references front (anterior and posterior) and sagittal plane. The assessment of pain was accomplished using Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAS), McGill questionnaire and also Dash questionnaire for musculoskeletal dysfunction. For the calculation of the probability of occurrence of pain, a logistic regression model was employed and all variables related to posture, age, gender, hours of practice, and time of practice were considered. The results regarding the VAS and DASH were analyzed using multivariate techniques, k-media. The most important variables for the discrimination between the groups regarding the VAS scores were head and shoulder posture and thoracic kyphosis and for the DASH index, were the lateral spinal deviation and the head tilt. This study found a relationship between pain, dysfunction and postural variables in violinists in the city of São Paulo. The index DASH presented signs of dysfunction that related with postural variables as well as the VAS index. The McGill Questionnaire showed statistical significance in the mixed category and the violinists with less practice time have a higher average pain