Tesis sobre el tema "Ports et marinas"
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Varenne, Alix. "Étude de la diversité des nurseries artificielles dans les zones portuaires et de leur connectivité trophique avec les écosystèmes adjacents". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5044.
Texto completoCoastal development modifies shorelines by introducing man-made habitats, which significantly impact coastal biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Ecological engineering solutions, such as artificial fish habitats (AFH), can help rehabilitate extremely modified areas, including ports, by offering shelter for fish. As a side effect, AFH provide a substrate to benthic invertebrates and macroalgae, that could improve ecosystem functioning. The effects of AFH may also extend beyond ports and modify trophic exchange with adjacent habitats via fish feeding hydrodynamics. This thesis investigates the patterns of distribution of invertebrate biodiversity associated with AFH and explores the exchange of biomass between marinas and adjacent Posidonia oceanica meadows along the French Mediterranean coast where these habitats are often adjacent.The objectives are: (1) evaluating how taxonomic diversity and composition of benthic invertebrates vary with AFH immersion time, (2) understanding how AFH types and environmental context modify benthic assemblages, and (3) exploring the exchanges of organic matter between marinas and adjacent meadows. I focused on Biohut® AFH (ECOCEAN), made of a metal cage filled with oyster shells, attached to docks or under pontoons in harbours and marinas.In chapter 1, I examined the role of immersion time in determining the diversity and composition of invertebrate assemblages colonising AFH in 3 commercial harbours. The findings indicated significant variations in invertebrate composition from 6 to 18 months, with increased abundance, taxonomic richness, and evenness over time. In chapter 2, I focused on the geographical and within-port variability in taxonomic composition and diversity of invertebrates dwelling in AFH. The study revealed differences in taxa composition between 2 large regions, characterised by different nutrient loads and correlations between assemblage composition and chlorophyll-a, a proxy for nutrient concentration. The number of taxa was the highest in the nutrient-enriched region. Additionally, invertebrate assemblages varied according to port habitats where the AFH were placed, possibly due to differences in light availability. In chapter 3, I investigated trophic connectivity between P. oceanica meadows and adjacent marinas at 4 sites where both habitats are present. Two marinas were equipped with AFH and the remaining 2 were not. At the unequipped sites, the δ15N values of the particulate organic matter within the marina were the highest indicating human-derived nutrient enrichment. The values decreased within the meadow, gradually according to the distance. This suggests a spill of nutrients over the portion of the meadow adjacent to the inlet. Fish relied on resources from both the seagrass meadow and the marina, similarly among the 4 sites, however, the trophic niches of fishes (Diplodus spp.) captured within the equipped marina were slightly larger than those within unequipped ones and overlapped less with the trophic niches of the fish captured outside. Fish faeces were also part of the organic matter sedimenting within meadows. In chapter 4, I reported initiatives developed with other scientists. They include species functional diversity and trophic relations within AFH, acoustic signatures of organisms dwelling in AFH and biodiversity comparison between ports and marine reserves using environmental DNA.My work has highlighted several aspects that could improve the effectiveness of AFH as ecological engineering solutions. Immersion time, local environmental conditions, and specific locations within ports need particular attention. Although I did not find clear differences in cross-habitat exchange related to AFH, they seemed to play a role in reducing nutrient enrichment. Moreover, since fish play an important role in cross-habitat exchanges and find refuge within AFH, this ecological engineering solution could indirectly contribute to change trophic connectivity
Bel, Hadj Ali Imen. "Contribution à l'étude des sédiments marins tunisiens : cas des ports de Radès et de Gabès". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957865.
Texto completoBel, Hadj Ali Imen. "Contribution à l'étude des sédiments marins tunisiens : cas des ports de Radès et de Gabès". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Lille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECLI0022.
Texto completoCommercial harbors, which represent the basis for numerous exchanges of goods and services at the national and international levels, play a key role in the Tunisian economy. Then, dredging of accumulated sediments has always been required to have a proper functioning of trade by sea. These sediments are either discarded at sea or landfilled. Disposal at sea is prohibited for polluted sediments but it remains the most adopted solution in Tunisia as it is the cheapest one.The objective of this research project is to study the environmental and geotechnical characteristics of sediments dredged from two Tunisian harbors: Rades and Gabes and to find new paths of management of at least one of these dredged sediments. Focus is made on the possibility of a recycling method, which consists in the reuse of sediments as added product in construction or road materials. This solution should have a great economic and environmental interest. The first harbor represents the main facility place in the national transport chain. The second one is selected as its sediments present a serious ecological constraint caused by the discharge of wastes into the marine environment. Physical, chemical, mineralogical and environmental characteristics are determined in order to draw up an accomplished synopsis of studied sediments
Briant, Nicolas. "Devenir et biodisponibilité du Cu, Zn et TBT dans un environnement portuaire fortement contaminé : la marina de Port Camargue". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20120/document.
Texto completoThe Mediterranean coastal area, particularly harbors and marinas represent areas of high pollution associated with population density and activity. They are also places of refuge for many aquatic species. Preliminary studies have shown that sediments from Port Camargue subject to mandatory dredging, present an important level of copper and organotins (OTs) contamination which can affect aquatic ecosystems. In this context, the objectives of this thesis are to characterize the state of contamination in sediments and the water column, the impact of this contamination on target organisms, and identify the processes that control the dynamics of pollutants in the sedimentary column and sediment/water interface. To achieve the objectives, the study coupled in situ approach (core samples, sampling of interstitial water at the interface, caging deployment…) and a laboratory in vitro approach (sorption tests in microcosms). For this study the contamination of the sediment (particulate and dissolved phases) was performed in a first part. Secondly, the speciation of Cu, Zn and Mn as well as OSn in the harbor water was studied over a period of one year before dredging and for the six months during the dredging operations. The effects of contamination were also examined on bivalves (Ruditapes and Loripes) immersed in the water column. Finally, the copper isotopes as tracers of source of contamination were tested in this simple environment, since anthropogenic Cu comes mainly from antifouling paints. The entire study has provided insight into the future, the dynamic and bioavailability of pollutants present and past in a Mediterranean port environment heavily contaminated with Cu and OSn
Hentati, Dorra. "Isolement et caractérisation des bactéries marines hydrocarbonoclastes, production des biosurfactants et étude de la biodiversité microbienne au sein de trois ports de Sfax, Tunisie". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG064/document.
Texto completoPollution of coastal marine ecosystems by hydrocarbons, in particular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is a major environmental problem. The South coast of Sfax (Tunisia) is an example of a polluted ecosystem subject to both urbanization and industrialization including the outfall of untreated domestic sewage and wastewaters, fishery activities, as well as ship traffic and boat pollution. The physico-chemical characterization of the seawater taken from three harbours (pleasure, commercial and fishing) of the city of Sfax, showed a heavy contamination by organic and inorganic micropollutants. These are excellent tracers of urban and industrial pollution, and they are among the most toxic compounds due to their low biodegradation.The molecular fingerprinting technique (PCR-SSCP) showed the dominance of the Bacteria domain followed by Eucarya and Archaea within the studied marine samples. Statistical analysis using the R software, showed that no correlation was identified between the bacterial community identified by PCR-SSCP and the studied physico-chemical parameters.In another part, four marine, aerobic and hydrocarbonoclastic strains: Bacillus stratosphericus FLU5, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NAPH6, Bacillus licheniformis PYR2, isolated after enrichments on fluoranthene, naphthalene and pyrene, respectively, and in the presence of 30 g/l NaCl. Strain Staphylococcus sp. CO100 was isolated after enrichment on crude oil, in the presence of 100 g/l. Chromatographic analysis (GC-MS or GC-FID), showed the interesting biodegradative capacities of these recalcitrant compounds by the isolated bacteria.Besides, these strains showed their capacity to produce efficient surface active agents BS-FLU5, BS-NAPH6, BS-PYR2 and BS-CO100, on several substrates and in particular the residual frying oil, which is a cheap and renewable carbon source alternative, thus minimizing the high cost of producing surfactants. The MALDI-TOF/MS analysis of the purified BS-FLU5, BS-PYR2 and BS-CO100 biosurfactants revealed that they are belonging to lipopeptide family. FTIR analysis showed the glycolipid nature, more precisely the rhamnolipid type, of biosurfactant BS-NAPH6.These four biosurfactants are characterized by interesting tensioactive properties (low CMC, important surface tension reduction...). Furthermore, these surface active agents showed interest stability against a broad range of pH, temperature and salinity. The application of these biosurfactants, in oil recovery, from hydrocarbons-contaminated soil, showed that they were more effective on the hydrocarbon-remobilization than some tested synthetic surfactants. The biosurfactants BS-FLU5, BS-PYR2 and BS-CO100, were found to have notable anti-adhesif and anti-biofilm activities, being able to prevent and eliminate the biofilm formation by pathogenic microorganisms. Moreover, the four tested biosurfactants showed an interesting healing activity, on the wound site in a rat model. They increased significantly the percentage of wound closure when compared to the untreated and CICAFLORA® (a reference pharmaceutical product) treated groups, using two different concentrations (5 and 10 mg/l). Interestingly, the evaluation of the cytotoxicity of the studied biosurfactants, showed that they have no toxic effects on human HEK-239 cells at concentrations up to 1000 μg/ml for BS-FLU5 and BS-CO100 and up to 200 μg/ml for BS-NAPH6 and BS-PYR2. An attempt to produce biosurfactant produce by strain FLU5 on a pilot-scale (fermentors of 20 and 100 liter, as total volume), using a cost-effective medium, was also performed. Preliminary results showed an increase in the quantities of biosurfactantsBS-FLU5 produced on a pilot-scale compared to the lab-scale (Erlenmeyer of 1 liter).These results highlight the interest for potential use of strains FLU5, NAPH6, PYR2 and CO100, as well as their biosurfactants, in a wide variety of industrial, environmental and biotechnological applications
Labonne, Marie-Pierre. "Vie et métier des pêcheurs de Ροrt-en-Βessin : une communauté de marins en mutation, 1792-1945". Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC036/document.
Texto completoIn a dissertation level, inshore occupations have been often given little attention compared to the French deep-sea fishing. Therefore, this halieutic life and activities research of littlefishermen community in Port-en-Bessin, could be inscribed in a air short historiography ofoutports wet fishery craft. Nevertheless, traditional port fishing, asserts itself during thesecond part of 19th century simultaneously to the great ports industrial fisheries. This up untilthen subsistence activity moves to a commercial level.The research and analysis leaded to this dissertation, enable to understand, how this littleNormand haven provided only with some small boats in 1792, becomes on the cusp of WW2the major port of Caen. Actually in order to keep their occupation longevity and despite thefinancial, environmental and political hazards, the seafarer community has managed to getused to them by taking on technical and social changes, unlike nearby fishing stations.Moreover, this study outlines a seafarers category, the skipper ship-owners. They seemparticularly prone to accept innovation leading the whole of the community to the halieuticfinancial success of small ports, whilst keeping the activity’s essentials such as the “sharedwage”system. Lastly, regardless of the era and long way from the miserabilism often evoked,Port-en-Bessin fishermen made good use of the most difficult circumstances in order to keeptheir “material comfort” and get even some affluence
Brahim, Naouraz. "Évaluation du potentiel des capteurs acoustiques sous-marins dans l'inspection des infrastructures portuaires". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25985/25985.pdf.
Texto completoDeldrève, Valérie. "Marins de pêche artisanale en Manche orientale : étude des organisations professionnelles et des pratiques des pêcheurs du Boulonnais et de l'est-Cotentin". Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL12014.
Texto completoThe study of two communities of fishing craftsmen, the former being at etaples (nord-pas de calais), the latter at saint-vaast la hougue (basse normandie), enables to highlight systems of local fishing that is to say variable configurations of the french fishing-craft system. The variety of these local systems is the product of an evolution which took place after the 1950s. Indeed, in less than half a century many changes in technology, economy and culture transformed simultaneously the fishermen's skills, their professional organisations and beyond that, their way of life and thinking. These multiple changes did not have the same repercussions from one community to another. These different evolutions can only be accounted for by the study of the economical background of the area, the balance of power ant the local stakes as well as the structure of the activities peculiar to each community. At the same time we may wonder what consequences these changes had on the fishermen's identity. Fishing generates simultaneously a very strong professional and trade identity. The description of the fishing skills enables to put into relief this identity through the peculiar relationship between the fisherman and his natural, technical and social environment. Wow, this relationship is also changing on account of new technical devices and the crisis ot the sea product market. As a result, these changes have a direct influence on the fishermen's identity which cannot be understood if regardlen of them
Barnier, Madeleine. "Hydrocarbures et acides gras présents dans les milieux marins "propres" : Méditerranée (site de Port-Cros), région subantarctique (îles Amsterdam et Saint Paul)". Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX30038.
Texto completoPruvot, Christelle. "Contribution à l'évaluation de l'impact des dragages et des immersions sur les communautés macrozoobenthiques du port de Dunkerque et de ses zones de vidage". Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-345.pdf.
Texto completoRicordel, Stéphanie. "Le contrôle des conditions de vie et de travail des marins de commerce par l'État du port : dessein et destin des normes établies". Brest, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BRES5002.
Texto completoCochard, Nicolas. "Les marins dans la ville : gens de mer et société urbaine au Havre (1830-1914)". Caen, 2013. http://books.openedition.org/pur/46978.
Texto completoThis thesis aims at studying seafaring personnel and their families in the urban space of Le Havre in the 19th century. With the modernization of navigation, the local maritime population reorganized themselves during the studied period, combining the presence of already settled seagoing people with the arrival of thousands of " immigrants "who came to benefit from the maritime expansion of the city. The aim of the study is not only to find out about the origin of the sailors but also the way they mixed in the local society. We will try to define the degree of integration of the seafaring population within the urban space and in the society at Le Havre, in relation with the mechanization of navigation and the process of industrial revolution. We intend to study the seagoing population at the demographic, social, cultural and economic levels. This being said, the sailors at sea are not our main concern, but their life on land, taking into account, however, the specificities of sea-related trades. The aim of this work is to study closely the way the population of sailors in Le Havre constituted themselves through a period of deep change. Thanks to the registers of sailors, completed by information from civilian archives ( census, registrar's office ) , we will draw an evolutive portrait of a maritime population over 3 generations within a large harbour-city. The study of seamen provides an interesting access to look into the true face of urban societies, especially those of societies in large harbours at the time of mutations in navigation
Joguet, Sandra. "Les marins à la petite pêche des côtes du Pays de Retz (Loire Atlantique) : diversité des pratiques des pêcheurs de Pornic et de la Gravette : unité du groupe socio-professionnel". Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100117.
Texto completoThe inshore fishery on the Pays de Retz coast used to be considered as a complementary activity to farming, industry and coastal traffic, practiced by fishermen, workers and farmers. During the fifties, the improvement of fishing customs allowed fishermen to increase their knowledge of the Bourgneuf Bay and the Loire estuary area, as well as the natural tapping conditions of the local fisheries resources. Since the Pays de Retz inhabitants especially appreciated those resources, fishermen could raise their incomes and get specialized in inshore fisheries. So they based their professionalisation on values and representations that led them to consider the diversity of selling and fishing techniques as a means of providing structure, distinction and value to their socio-professional group
Retureau, Hervé. "Sociétés littorales, gens de mer et activités maritimes dans un port en mutation : l'exemple des Sables-d'Olonne (1747-1866)". Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT2003.
Texto completoSeafarers form, in Les Sables-d'Olonne, an old fishing port, a homogeneous social group throughout the period studied (1747-1866); a group that has adapted to the evolutions of fisheries and the internal transformation of the port city. The prosopographyoriented approach of this thesis is based on a corpus of 682 individuals, which makes it possible to follow the careers of these men since their entry into the trade as cabin boys until their inscription to the "Hors-service". The story of these men at the bottom of the social ladder leads to a better understanding of the social and economic aspects of the port des Sables over the long term. Each social stratum is thus apprehended: from the mass of sailors to the elite captains of ships without neglecting the world of traders and shipowners. A port that abandoned, after the French Revolution, what made its reputation with the Great fishing in Newfoundland to take root in a new activity around 1830-1860 based on the exploitation of the sardine. This booming fishery will revolutionize the city, which is then transformed by the opening of many factories, the development of port infrastructure and the influx of migrants to complement both the crews and providing women with a seasonal employment made possible by the work of the fish industry. This thesis is a story of men, women and children, all linked together and facing the sea in a port in profound mutation
Wang, Dongxing. "Solidification et valorisation de sédiments du port de Dunkerque en travaux routiers". Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10086/document.
Texto completoNearly 50 millions m3 of sediments are dredged each year from rivers and ports in France. The traditional solution such as land deposit and ocean dumping to manage dredged sediments is increasingly restricted. The use of sediments in the field of construction can not only solve problems related to sediments, but also provide a new source of construction materials. The present work focuses on a proposed solution for use of marine sediment in roadbed layer by the respect of a general methodology. After identifying the characteristics of raw sediments, the evaluation of marine sediments by cement and lime in roadbed is assessed in terms of bearing capacity and mechanical performance. The effect of cement and lime on soil compaction, strength, swelling, durability and le change in mineral phases is studied. Fly ash can be used for the valorization of sediments because of its pozzolanic property. For treated sediments, the addition of fly ash induces certainly the change in mechanical and chemical properties, which are evaluated by the compaction tests, the bearing capacity tests, the compressive and tensile strength tests, the freezing-thawing cycle tests, the immersion in water tests and the XRD and DTA/TGA tests. The potential of the proposed formulations treated with fly ash was evaluated for the potential use in road engineering. Finally, the supplementary mechanical study on raw sediments and lime-treated sediments is presented. The mechanical performance of sediments is evaluated by using the compressibility tests, direct shear tests and triaxial tests
Cailloux, Damien. "Les Mystères de l'Ouest : les représentations des bas-fonds portuaires dans l'ouest de la France (XIXe-XXe siècles)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H099/document.
Texto completoThe image of ill-reputed harbour is a common pattern in modern culture. It's built on harbour's slum, sailor's bender, prostitutes and docks, that define the representation of this area. This image echoes other places of misery, vice and crimes. The representation of those harbour's slums, that occupy specific neighborhoods in cities, are created by writers and journalists in mid-19th century. This image is also the legacy of negative vision of port, of buccaneering's stories and sailor's distrust. The harbour's slum is part of a broader universe : sailors with deviant behaviour, ill-reputed neighborhood, backward and dangerous province. During the first part of the 19th century, some places of the coastline have rough reputation but in the 1880's, the novelists, who discover sailor's bender, focus on ports. At the same time, journalists, social commentators and authorities focus on misery and insecurity. Seafarers, who claim his belongings to the slums, prostitutes, soldiers, the poor and criminals play a central role in the fascination and the condemnation of the harbour's slum. During the inter war period, the harbour's slum is seen as dying out. As the mystery vanishes, the nostalgia begins, that lasts after World War II
Hélin, Nathalie. "Honfleur et son arrière-pays : chronique d'un espace militaire (1367-1530)". Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070083.
Texto completoEstablishing an outstanding fortress in Honfleur Charles V led the town and its hinterland, especially the Viscounty of Auge, in a military dynamic. This dynamic has remained so long as naval warfare animates the shores of the English Channel. Initial headquarters of the France Admiralty, the naval base quarters high ranking officers and the best privateers. During its military expansion, Honfleur is a population catcher attracting experts, craftsmen and merchants coming from other French provinces or foreign countries. It is a melting pot where all nationalities merge. Military activities and chandlery stimulate local economy even during the English occupation when the harbor and its hinterland worked with the English government. In troubled times and in a context of depopulation, uncultivated areas such as woods and pastures are stable assets. Officers' wages and privateers' catches are locally reinvested, especially in cattle. "Augeron" manors, agrarian investments, scattered in the countryside, reveal the affluence of local elites. The "Honfleurais" and the "Augerons", who are seafarers, prove to show solidarity, to be cultured, enterprising and multi-active. Seeing mobile, a large part of the population moved to the other bank of the estuary of the river Seine when the Havre de Grace was founded in 1517 to engage into international maritime trade which then takes precedence over military activities
Aumont, Michel. "Une culture du risque maritime : aventures et destins des corsaires granvillais (1688-1815)". Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN1609.
Texto completoThe purpose of this thesis is to know better the corsair activity of Granville's harbour from 1688 till 1815, both from a historic and social point of view. By collecting and confronting provincial and Parisian information sources, and by processing by computer the said information, appears all the reality of a port(bearing) which practiced regularly privateering during the " Second Hundred Years' War ". Getting acquainted with the city of Granville through its history, its infrastructures, its population and its maritime activities, we will ask and answer questions to define the corsair activity from legislative point of view: what is a privateer? Can armed trading vessels be considered as private men-of-war? Privateering, such as it was practiced by the privateers of Granville, is then studied conflict by conflict, to establish the list of privateers, to find the characteristics of the local privateering for ships as well as for the crews, but also to follow various evolutions between 1688 and 1815, by regularly comparing them to those of the other corsair harbors such as Dunkerque or Saint-Malo. Besides this historic and economic field, the third part is particularly dedicated to the actors of the privateering of Granville: the ship-owners, the captains and the crews. What can we discover on their profile, their motivations, their adventures? What were the risks and the rewards? What can we conclude about the risks taken at sea?
Buti, Gilbert. "Activités maritimes et gens de mer à Saint-Tropez (milieu XVIIème s. -début XIXème s. ) : contribution à l'étude des économies maritimes". Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0008.
Texto completoPerrier, Amandine. "Le commerce maritime grec en Méditerranée orientale et en mer Noire aux Vème et IVème s. av. J.-C". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3024.
Texto completoIn this present thesis concerning Greek Archaeology, I undertook to work on the organization of Greek maritime commerce in Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea during the 5th and 4th century BC. I worked mostly on the trade's nature and intensity occurring in this part of the Mediteranean in this time. In order to carry out my work properly, I established a new catalog of greek shipwrecks, that I then confront with textual, epigraphic and archaeological sources. The careful study of the ship's cargo takes part in a better understanding of the commercial actors, trading network and above all of the importance of Athens at this time
Moulinier, Henri. "Essor et déclin de la pêche industrielle à La Rochelle (1871-1994)". Thesis, La Rochelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LAROF001/document.
Texto completoSituated in the heart of the bay of Biscay, La Rochelle, right from its foundation, at the beginning of the XIIth century, was a community of fishermen. It then became one of the most dynamic cities in western France. In 1890 the commercial port moved to a new site, liberating the old port in the city centre for fishing activities. Many sailing ships came to sell their fish on an attractive fish market boosted by the railway connection to the inland part of the country in 1857. A new era started with industrial trawling, a major innovation in Great Britain. In 1871, the English shipowner Craggs tried to introduce steam-powered trawling but suffered a setback . However from 1904 to 1920 important armaments in industrial trawling were created, making La Rochelle, in this early period of expansion, the second fishing port in France and the first one on the Atlantic coast. After the stagnation of French fisheries and a crisis of Rochelais steam-powered trawlers, a new expansion of the port occured after WWII. In the sixties, La Rochelle became the 4th fishing port in France, until in 1965 a break in industrial fishing activities resulted in the loss of the last big trawlers in 1994. There have been numerous documents about other fishing ports in France. This study aims to concentrate on the history of industrial fishing in the port of La Rochelle over a century, highlighting its economic, sociological, political and ecological dimensions. For this purpose a comparative study has been made, analysing the characteristics and the reasons of this expansion as well as the ones of a rapid and premature decline
Merhaby, Dima. "Caractérisation de la pollution organique et inorganique dans les sédiments portuaires du Liban". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10144.
Texto completoLebanon coastal zone (LCZ) which extends over 220 km along the Eastern Mediterranean Sea is a typical case of most coastal areas of the developing countries in the Mediterranean region, where the combination of a wide range of anthropogenic activities are contributing to water pollution and environmental degradation, by the direct and indirect release of a large number of pollutants into the sea via atmospheric and river inputs. Amongst the numerous environmental concerns we are facing, the marine environment is one of the top priorities that must be addressed. Due to its ecological importance, the evaluation of coastal sediment quality constitutes an important area of research to give a clear picture of water pollution status. Much attention was paid of some priority pollutants such as persistent organic pollutant (POPs) and heavy metals as known to be toxic, persistent and bio-accumulative, carcinogenic and mutagenic. There is an urgent need to survey the levels of these pollutants in sediments due to the great lack of information in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea in general and particularly in Lebanese coastal zone which render our study very important and useful regionally and locally by local authority and policy makers during coastal zone management. The semi-enclosed basins such as ports and bays are very vulnerable ecosystem where build-up greatly amount of these pollutants in sediments. This why we focus on our studies of the assessment of ports sediment quality of some possible hotspots where the re-suspension and oxidation of anoxic sediment occur frequently. A special attention was taken to Tripoli harbour which is the second Port of Lebanon due to its location near some reserved island. The pollution levels of LCZ by these pollutants are assigned as moderate to high. An emergency proposal plan was prepared for Tripoli Harbour, this will assists harbour authority to response for all fire and oil spill accidents as a first step for a durable development inside this promising harbor
Merhaby, Dima. "Caractérisation de la pollution organique et inorganique dans les sédiments portuaires du Liban". Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10144/document.
Texto completoLebanon coastal zone (LCZ) which extends over 220 km along the Eastern Mediterranean Sea is a typical case of most coastal areas of the developing countries in the Mediterranean region, where the combination of a wide range of anthropogenic activities are contributing to water pollution and environmental degradation, by the direct and indirect release of a large number of pollutants into the sea via atmospheric and river inputs. Amongst the numerous environmental concerns we are facing, the marine environment is one of the top priorities that must be addressed. Due to its ecological importance, the evaluation of coastal sediment quality constitutes an important area of research to give a clear picture of water pollution status. Much attention was paid of some priority pollutants such as persistent organic pollutant (POPs) and heavy metals as known to be toxic, persistent and bio-accumulative, carcinogenic and mutagenic. There is an urgent need to survey the levels of these pollutants in sediments due to the great lack of information in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea in general and particularly in Lebanese coastal zone which render our study very important and useful regionally and locally by local authority and policy makers during coastal zone management. The semi-enclosed basins such as ports and bays are very vulnerable ecosystem where build-up greatly amount of these pollutants in sediments. This why we focus on our studies of the assessment of ports sediment quality of some possible hotspots where the re-suspension and oxidation of anoxic sediment occur frequently. A special attention was taken to Tripoli harbour which is the second Port of Lebanon due to its location near some reserved island. The pollution levels of LCZ by these pollutants are assigned as moderate to high. An emergency proposal plan was prepared for Tripoli Harbour, this will assists harbour authority to response for all fire and oil spill accidents as a first step for a durable development inside this promising harbor
Levasseur, Olivier. "Les usages de la mer dans le Trégor du XVIIIème siècle". Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20045.
Texto completoThang, Nguyen Toan. "L'extension artificielle des côtes vers le large et ses conséquences en droit international". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210990.
Texto completoEn ce qui concerne la pratique des États, la thèse explique, dans une première partie, que l'extension artificielle des côtes est destinée, tantôt, à protéger les côtes contre l'élévation du niveau de la mer, tantôt à gagner des terres pour diverses fins: habitat humain, agricoles, développement des ports et de leurs infrastructures pour les besoins des navires modernes et du commerce international. Mais parallèlement, cette extension entraîne des effets négatifs pour l'écosystème côtier (chapitre I). Des travaux de ce genre ont été menés, ou vont l'être, en Europe (Pays-Bas, Allemagne, Belgique, France, R.-U. etc), aux États-Unis, en Asie (Bahreïn, Malaisie, Hong Kong, Singapour, Japon), en Australie, et sur certains archipels du Pacifique (chapitre II).
La seconde partie de la thèse examine le droit applicable au phénomène d'extension artificielle des côtes. Sont ainsi passées en revue: les règles relatives à la navigation (chapitre III), les règles relatives aux lignes de base (chapitre IV), les règles relatives aux hauts-fonds découvrants (chapitre V), les règles relatives aux îles et aux rochers (chapitre VI) et enfin les règles relatives à la protection de l'environnement marin (chapitre VII).
Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished