Tesis sobre el tema "Politique sociale – Allemagne – 1933-1945"
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Bohnekamp, Dorothea. "Une expérience dialectique de la République ? : intégration politique et identités juives dans l'entre-deux-guerres : Paris et Berlin, 1918-1933". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0034.
Texto completoMalenfant, Émilie. "Vieillesse sous l’Allemagne nazie (1933-1945) : représentations, assistance et vie quotidienne". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUL099.pdf.
Texto completoThis thesis contributes to two historiographies, that of the Third Reich and that of old age, which have been treated separately so far. With respect to this unexplored connection, this thesis explores three dimensions: representations, discourse and experience. The goal is to insist on old age as a factor of differentiation of experiences and realities in Germany in the 1930s and 1940s, to observe the status of old age and its representations within a society “of the youth” marked by demographic aging, but also to integrate old age into reflections on the nature of the Nazi Volksgemeinschaft. To do so, this study reveals the coexistence of diverse discourses on old age, questions the reasons behind the stigmatization of old age, and then analyzes housing options for the elderly, more specifically old age homes. This thesis shows, first, the contrast between, on the one hand, the great contemporaneity of the old age theme stimulated by demographic aging and the development of geriatrics, and, on the other hand, the disinterest of the Nazi State in this regard. It also puts into perspective the significance of age in the face of the Nazi standard of performance, their true measure of an individual’s worth. Finally, the thesis looks at old age care mechanisms and institutionalised living environments, both to reveal daily and administrative realities and to highlight the agency of older people and family solidarity
Picard, Emmanuelle. "Des usages de l'Allemagne : politique culturelle française en Allemagne et rapprochement franco-allemand, 1945-1963 : politique publique, trajectoires, discours". Phd thesis, Institut d'études politiques de paris - Sciences Po, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00267294.
Texto completoCette dualité entre deux dimensions de l'action se retrouve quand on fait l'étude des acteurs engagés dans sa mise en place. Au côté des profils traditionnels d'enseignants chargés de la politique culturelle extérieure de la France en général se trouve une petit groupe aux trajectoires originales, dont la force essentielle réside dans leur capacité à élargir l'écho de leur action par le travail commun avec les réseaux intellectuels engagés dans le rapprochement franco-allemand. Alors que les médiateurs traditionnels que sont les germanistes ne sont présents que de façon épisodique, les professionnels de la culture engagés sur le terrain rentabilisent leur expérience allemande en la reconvertissant dans la suite de leur trajectoire professionnelle et en saisissant l'occasion de s'imposer comme les nouveaux spécialistes de l'Allemagne. Cette distinction entre les deux groupes rejaillit sur l'évolution du discours à propos de l'Allemagne contemporaine. Le renfermement des germanistes sur des problématiques d'histoire littéraire laisse aux non germanistes la possibilité d'investir la position de spécialistes. Il en découle la production d'une nouvelle représentation du pays en rupture avec les catégories d'explication des décennies précédentes, privilégiant l'image d'une démocratie modèle restreinte à la seule République fédérale.
Zimmermann, Bénédicte. "La constitution du chômage en Allemagne : mise en forme d'une catégorie nationale des politiques publiques (1871-1927)". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996IEPP0002.
Texto completoThe definition of unemployment, as consolidated by the insurance law of 1927, was a source of major controversy for germany at the turn of the century. The issue was found on the political agendas of the reich and municipalities, during the economic crisis of 1981 1894, at the same time as the word arbeitslosigkeit gained academic recognition and found its way into dictionaries. As the result of the attempted translaton of certain forms of proverty and nonlabor into a new public policy category, unemployment underwent a complex definition process characterized by the plurality of the scenes and of the actors taking part in it. Unions, municipalities and the federal state represent so many scenes on which particular interactions took place and a specific definition of the categorization's stake prevaled. Whereas unionists, as a means of effectively improve the economic situation, and municipal agents, who sought to diminish the tax burden on the treasury of public. Assistance in their charge, asked for the reich's intervention, the federal government justified its non-interventionist stand through the state's subsidiarity. When local actors attempted to elaborate a national space of intervention on unemployment by constituting a network of reform-minded individuals, their initiatives came up against the absence of a generality principle likely to transcend the plurality of their individual experiences into a national public policy category. Closely bound to the froms of government, the institutionalisation of this national category was made possible by the reconfiguration of economics and politics indudec by the first world war and
Eickhoff, Engelen Ute. "Die betriebliche Sozialpolitik von Volkswagen und Peugeot von 1944 bis 1979 : eine vergleichende Studie". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0058.
Texto completoThis dissertation contributes to the exploration of this subject long time neglected in historical research because corporate social activities changed distinctly in the post-war era due to the expansion of public social policy and the rise in living standard. Corporate social policy was increasingly subjected to bargaining between the managements, the work councils and the labor unions. For the main factories of Volkswagen and Peugeot situated in relatively sparsely populated areas, social benefits played a similarly important role for employment. Different documents mainly originating from the companies formed the empirical basis. The micro-political approach has been used and complemented by the concept of embeddedness. The transformation of corporate social policy after 1945 was characterized by tendencies like the financial, indirect and subsidiary support of social measures, their codification and the increase of the benefits and the number of recipients. Despite disparities in a number of conditions, the social systems of Volkswagen and Peugeot often developed in the same direction, however, with different key aspects. Among the most important factors of their corporate social policies, we must count the location of the plants, the financial situation of the company, the shortage of labor as weIl as the promotion by the managers and the claims of the employees and their representatives. With regard to the increasing negotiation of corporate social benefits and to their changes in content, it seems fitting to speak of their democratization in the post-war era
Ledoux, Clémence. "L'État-providence et les mondes professionnels : la construction politique des métiers féminisés d’intervention dans la sphère privée : une comparaison France-République fédérale d’Allemagne depuis les années 1970". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0062.
Texto completoThe political construction of gendered care jobs raises questions about the unequal treatment of domestic and care work, but also, more generally about the relationships between public and private spheres. The aim of this thesis is to study the political regulation of care jobs which are almost exclusively (95%) occupied by women. This entails revealing the historical and political processes that have led to the regulation of these occupations at the national level. Drawing from public policy analysis, social welfare studies, and the sociology of work and professions, this thesis distinguishes four processes affecting the collective regulation of these occupations: professionalization, de-professionalization, casualization and decasualization of labour. The theoretical framework is used to compare the situations of Germany and France, two countries for which the rules applied to care jobs have diverged since the 1970s. This dissertation investigates how resources and constraints for the development of norms for the jobs were embedded in social policies targeted to care and domestic work demand. We show that the relations between the state and the church, the stage of problematisation, the content of the instruments of social policy and their visibility are key variables to account for the development of care work regulation
Khoudour-Castéras, David. "Migrations internationales, régimes de change et politiques sociales : un nouveau trilemme de politique économique ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat1n0o44.
Texto completoThe thesis is based on two main ideas : first, labor mobility constitutes a central adjutment mechanism in exchange rate regimes ; second the development of social policies contributes to slowing down the emigration process. The argument rests at the same time on a theoretical reflection, based in particular on the optimum currency area theory, and on historical analysis, focused on two periods of contemporary history : the gold standard period and the interwar period. Thus, Chapter 1 aims at showing the key role of international migration in the adjustement process of the gold standard. Then, Chapter 2 analyses the impact of Bismarck's social legislation on German emigration. Finally, Chapter 3 provides an alternative explanation to the fall of the gold exchange standard. In total, the purpose of the thesis is to show the existence of an economic policy trilemma between international migration, exchange rate regimes and social policies
Rouquier, Viviane. "La caricature antihitlérienne dans la presse satirique allemande de 1923 à 1933". Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844378.
Texto completoDenoyer, Aurélie. "L’exil comme patrie : les réfugiés communistes espagnols en RDA (1950-1989). Trajectoires individuelles, histoire collective". Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST0007.
Texto completoThe Spanish communist refugees welcomed to GDR are in the center of this study. However, the Spanish political exile in East Germany is not being treated as an object but as a field that allows to capture various themes : the French policy towards foreign Communist refugees on its territory during the Cold War, the integration policy in East Germany, the relationships between the SED and the PCE (Partido Comunista de España, the Spanish Communist Party) and the impact of exile on identity construction. The purpose of this study is diverse : this work not only wants to enrich the history of the Spanish exile as a special topic but also examines migration studies as a whole. It aims to contribute to the renewal of research on communism in general and the studies of the East German state in particular. In order to do this, we worked from the archives of many countries, in France, Germany, and Spain. We also conducted some interviews in Berlin, Paris and Barcelona with children of the first wave of Spanish political refugees hosted in the GDR. Following the work on archives and interviews, we tried to reconstruct the biographical trajectories of individuals pursuing the following objective: do not lose sight of the diversity of individual trajectories and collective situations
Die spanischen kommunistischen Flüchtlinge in der DDR stehen im Zentrum dieser Forschungsarbeit. Dennoch wird das politische Exil der Spanier in Ostdeutschland nicht als Objekt betrachtet, sondern als Feld, welches Zugang zu zahlreichen Thematiken bietet : der französischen Politik gegenüber den ausländischen Kommunisten zur Zeit des Kalten Krieges, der Integrationspolitik der DDR, den Beziehungen zwischen der SED und der PCE (Partido Comunista de España, Kommunistische Partei Spaniens), so wie der Wirkung des Exils auf die Identitätskonstruktion. Die Ziele dieser Studie sind vielfältig : auf der einen Seite soll diese Arbeit die Geschichte des spanischen Exils im besonderen und der Migrationsforschung im allgemeinen bereichern, auf der anderen Seite soll zur Erneuerung der Kommunismusforschung und insbesondere der DDR-Forschung beigetragen werden. Um dies zu tun, wurde in Archiven in Frankreich, Deutschland sowie Spanien gearbeitet. Weiterhin wurden in Berlin, Paris und Barcelona Gespräche geführt, mit den Kindern der ersten Welle politischer Flüchtlinge aus Spanien, die in der DDR aufgenommen wurden. Im Anschluss an die Recherchen in Archiven und den geführten Gesprächen, wurden, soweit dies möglich war, die individuellen Lebensläufe jedes Einzelnen rekonstruiert. Dabei blieb folgendes Ziel ständig vor Augen: nicht die Vielfältigkeit individueller Lebensläufe und die allgemeine Situation der Gruppe aus dem Sichtfeld zu verlieren
El foco de esta investigación son los refugiados comunistas españoles en la RDA. Sin embargo, el exilio político español en Alemania del Este no es tratado aquí como objetivo sino como un campo que nos permite capturar varios temas: la política francesa contra los extranjeros comunistas refugiados en su territorio durante la Guerra Fría, la política de integración de Alemania del Este, las relaciones entre la SED y el PCE (Partido Comunista de España) y el impacto del exilio sobre la construcción de la identidad. El propósito de este estudio es múltiple: este trabajo no sólo quiere enriquecer la historia del exilio español y los estudios sobre la migración en general, sino también contribuir a la renovación de la investigación sobre el comunismo y en concreto, sobre el Estado de Alemania Oriental. Para lograr esto, se trabajó en los archivos de muchos países como Francia, Alemania y España. También se hicieron algunas entrevistas en Berlín, París y Barcelona a los individuos de la segunda generación de refugiados políticos españoles alojados en la RDA. Siguiendo el trabajo en archivos y entrevistas, tratamos de reconstruir las trayectorias biográficas de estas personas; con el objetivo de no perder de vista la diversidad de las trayectorias individuales y situaciones colectivas
Romoth, Heike. "Évolution du discours de politique économique et sociale dans les déclarations de politique générale en République Fédérale d’Allemagne entre 1949 et 2009 : analyse linguistique des contextualisations des concepts Staat, Wirtschaft, Wachstum, Wettbewerb et Markt". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA156.
Texto completoIn a linguistic study which emphasises the articulation between discourse and political reality, we have highlighted the transformations regarding the economic and social policy in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from 1949 to 2009. Through the analysis of predications originating from policy statements (Große Regierungserklärung) delivered to the Bundestag, we have singled out the different contextualisations of the concepts Staat, Wirtschaft, Wachstum, Wettbewerb and Markt. Each contextualisation by means of which the speaker selects a portion of reality, puts into perspective a slot in the cognitive frame which is thus activated by the lexeme in use. The cognitive frame which has served us both as an analytic tool and a format of representation constitutes a concept map; its slots are instantiated by predications. We have differentiated two main periods which offer contextual changes: 1) The period extending from 1969 to 1976 is characterised by the contextualisations Staat, Wachstum and Wettbewerb in speeches on the strenghtening of social protection based on State intervention, and the emphasis on the reinforcement of competition between firms and the advantages of economic growth.2) The period extending from 1982 to 2002 is determined by the contextualisations of Staat, Wirtschaft, Wachstum and Wettbewerb. It is characterised by the underlining of the reduction and transformation of the welfare state, economic modernisation, acceleration of growth and extension of the principle of competition to other areas. These contextualisations point out to “a return to the basics“ of the soziale Marktwirtschaft and its neo-liberal guidelines.These linguistic changes and their periodisation roughly concur with the political changes reported by historians. Nevertheless, we were able to demonstrate that recontextualisations can just serve strategic purposes.Furthermore, we have highlighted the referential ambiguity of the lexemes Staat, Wirtschaft, Wachstum, Wettbewerb and Markt, which leads to a difficulty in identifying the referent envisioned by the speaker when he uses these lexemes. This phenomenon, which is linked to the metaphorical and metonymical processes implemented in the conceptualisation and denomination of entities, has led us to put forward the hypothesis of a differentiated granularity of frames, i.e a number of variable slots which depend on the encyclopaedic knowledge of the addressee
Bouiller, Sophie. "Le Parti social-démocrate allemand et la justice sociale dans les années 1980. Une identité social-démocrate à l'épreuve de l'unification (1989-1990)". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL024.
Texto completoThis doctoral thesis analyses the concepts of social justice and the welfare state in light of the social policies of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) in the 1980s. Both in the opposition in the Bundestag in Bonn and in office in some West German Länders, the SPD found itself in an ambiguous position, peculiar to German federalism. The Social Democrats took on a strategy based alternatively on opposition and cooperation with Helmut Kohl’s government, in order to influence the welfare reforms introduced by the Labour Minister Norbert Blüm (Christian Democratic Union, CDU). The SPD simultaneously started to overhaul its political platform with a view to taking back power in 1990. The generational conflicts, which have been widely established by researchers, gave way to a new divide between a “social wing” advocating a traditional policy and a “reforming wing” drawn towards post-materialist and “eco-socialist” values. By virtue of its immediacy, the German unification process (1989-1990) proved to be a litmus test, which allowed the efficiency of the SDP’s agenda and rhetoric to be evaluated. In spite of Rudolf Dreßler’s concrete propositions to improve the social union between East and West Germany, the SDP failed both to share its views on German unification and to impose its determination to overhaul the welfare state. Oskar Lafontaine’s reservations about the economic and social costs spiralling out of control contributed to a blurring of the lines on the SDP’s position on German unification.This doctoral thesis analyses the concepts of social justice and the welfare state in light of the social policies of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) in the 1980s. Both in the opposition in the Bundestag in Bonn and in office in some West German Länders, the SPD found itself in an ambiguous position, peculiar to German federalism. The Social Democrats took on a strategy based alternatively on opposition and cooperation with Helmut Kohl’s government, in order to influence the welfare reforms introduced by the Labour Minister Norbert Blüm (Christian Democratic Union, CDU). The SPD simultaneously started to overhaul its political platform with a view to taking back power in 1990. The generational conflicts, which have been widely established by researchers, gave way to a new divide between a “social wing” advocating a traditional policy and a “reforming wing” drawn towards post-materialist and “eco-socialist” values. By virtue of its immediacy, the German unification process (1989-1990) proved to be a litmus test, which allowed the efficiency of the SDP’s agenda and rhetoric to be evaluated. In spite of Rudolf Dreßler’s concrete propositions to improve the social union between East and West Germany, the SDP failed both to share its views on German unification and to impose its determination to overhaul the welfare state. Oskar Lafontaine’s reservations about the economic and social costs spiralling out of control contributed to a blurring of the lines on the SDP’s position on German unification
Bibert, Alexandre. "Les relations syndicales franco-allemandes (France, RFA, RDA) de 1945 à 1973". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG048.
Texto completoThe Second World War profoundly disrupted European societies. When the war came to an end, a dynamic of recomposition, based either on reconciliation or on sharp divisions, took hold of the continent. The French and German populations were the first to bear the brunt of these evolutions. Because of their numerous adherents, trade unions constituted the most important mass organizations of their time, and consequently offer a particularly interesting perspective on the Franco-German dialogue, especially against the backdrop of the division of Germany into two states, the Cold War, and the construction of Europe, of which economic interpenetration was a main aspect. This thesis considers, at the crossroads of a process of reconciliation and of future cooperation, the establishment and structuring of trade unions exchanges between France and Germany, examines exchange practices, and highlights adjoining convergence and tension phenomena
DURAND, JEAN DANIEL DELBREIL JEAN CLAUDE. "L'OPINION MOSELLANE FACE A LA POLITIQUE ALLEMANDE JANVIER 1933 - SEPTEMBRE 1939 /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1998. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1998/Durand.Jean_Daniel.LMZ9801.pdf.
Texto completoSlama, Kaïs. "Les relations de travail dans le territoire de la Sarre sous l'occupation française (1945-1955) : participation des salariés aux décisions dans l'entreprise sarroise". Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100160/document.
Texto completoThe provisional status of the Sarre after the Second World War called for a temporary political and social regulation in the sense of integration in the french system politically, economically, financially and socially. Reforming the co—management represents the corner stone of this legislation. This reform, which is inspired by the German Federal Republic in terms of professional relationships. has been the expression of thesocio—de1nocrats and all the Sarric syndicates that didn't want to cut with their culturel of social policy. As faras the Sarric syndicates are concerned, the stakes are quite high as they had to choose between "integration"and "tradition"
Wermester, Catherine. "Le corps mutilé dans la peinture allemande : (1919-1933)". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010518.
Texto completoThis overall study deals with images of mutilated bodies which were created during the Weimar germany. It offers new readings of the artworks relying of the method of iconology in the modern sense of the term. The corpus is made of images chosen from the work of twenty or so artists and his interpretation is meant to bring forward the varied significations ascribed to them by the many german avant-gardes of the interwar period. When added to psychoanalytic and mythological readings, the analysis of the official political discourse adopted while refering to mutilated soldiers has made it possible to clarify the role given to the mutilated figure within two essential themes of german art in the 1920's. That is the relationship between art and politics and its reflections on the modern industrial society
Durand, Jean-Daniel. "L'opinion mosellane face à la politique allemande : janvier 1933-septembre 1939". Metz, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1998/Durand.Jean_Daniel.LMZ9801_1.pdf.
Texto completoOne of the main goals of this research is to establish the evolution of political analyses and commentaries by the press in moselle for the whole period (completed by archive documents). Events in german interior and exterior policy affect the sensitivity of journalists in moselle. In this type of nearly erupting volcano that europe became starting in 1935-36, it is difficult for observers, even ones as well-informed as journalists, to form and voice steady opinions. How can you not give in to dread when germany is hurriedly rearming and remilitarizing, not succumb to panic when hitlerian acts of force are multiplying ? Should a rapprochement with berlin be attempted or, on the contrary, should one remain aloof and rearm ? Can the religious persecutions of the third reich be condemned at the risk of seeing "catholic brothers" across the rhine undergo even greater harassment ? Is it possible, conceivable, to set off a conflict with its accompanying deaths and disasters (the memory of the first world war is still present in remarks made) in order to save "weak" austria, "little" czechoslovakia, "non-existent" memel ? These few examples show the difficult situations about which people in the moselle will react, worry, demonstrate. If the moselle population can sometimes have doubts, the journalists must reach decisions, choose, be affirmative, and all this while undergoing local and national political influences. Hate, or sympathy for, the front populaire still has repercussions. Parliamentary, and especially ministerial, fits and starts sometimes put the written press into annoying situations leading to feelings of impotence and, in reaction, the wish of certain journalists to see a strong government set up, one having an unwavering, firm policy. So many french and international events punctuate the period studied ! They will highly influence the evolution of public opinion. Other than the influence of the "leagues", the war in abyssinia, the war in spain, the franco-russian entente, british "appeasement", are all part of these marking events that have probably weighed on the thoughts and minds of northern Lorraine
Vergnon, Gilles. "Catastrophe et renouveau : socialistes, communistes et oppositionnels d'Europe et d'Amérique du Nord sous l'impact de la victoire nazie : crises et reclassements (1933-1934)". Grenoble 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE29005.
Texto completoThis work, which concerns the main european countries (including the ussrand the usa) in two decisive years (1933 and 1934), tries, after a picture of the german left from 1930 till 1933 and an overview of the vision of nazi rise from the main currents of the ruropean left, to sound out and to produce the typologie of their reactions against what is called as early as 1933 the "german disaster". Then, this transnational study brings out three succesive plans of renewal of leftist political strategies, each of them supported by different actors : the attempt of build "new parties", the "revolutionizing" of socialist parties, around "planism" or not, unity with communist parties, which, on communist's initiative, rapidly widens in "all-inclusive democratic blocs"
Gesche, Katja. "Kultur als Instrument der Außenpolitik totalitärer Staaten : das Deutsche Ausland-Institut 1933-1945 /". Köln [u.a.] : Böhlau, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014860597&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Texto completoGallo, David. "La politique de formation idéologique de la SS (1933-1945) : Institutions, discours, pratiques, acteurs et impact de la Weltanschauliche Schulung". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040158.
Texto completoThe following doctoral research traces the history of the policy of « ideological schooling » (weltanschauliche Schulung or weltanschauliche Erziehung) developed between 1933 and 1945 by the SS (Schutzstafel), the organization that considered itself the elite of Nazism. It combines four complementary methodological approaches: an institutional history of the network of organizations tasked with elaborating and implementing the SS’s schooling program, at the center of which stood the SS-Schulungsamt (educational office), that oversaw the work an « educational apparatus » (schulungsapparat) of more than a thousand instructors present at all levels; an analysis of the ideological discourses and teaching methods elaborated by these institutions in their attempts to relay nazi ideology to the rank and file of the SS; the biographies of the men who operated the « educational apparatus », constituting a specific group of perpetrators in the Nazi hierarchy; and an evaluation of the way the SS’s own brand of education impacted those who served in its civil, military or police units. By assessing the nature of the ideological training the SS provided to its members, fruit of the attempt of forging both a new man seeing all fields of life through the lens of Nazi ideology and an homogenous troop of « political soldiers » at the service of the regime, and tracing the evolution of this educational project within the framework of the SS’s growth and transformations, this study seeks to bring a new perspective to the understanding of the mentalities of the men who committed to the cause of the « Third Reich » and fought and murdered in its name
Le, Bouëdec Nathalie. "Entre théorique juridique et engagement politique : Gustav Radbruch, un juriste de gauche sous la république de Weimar". Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040227.
Texto completoWhat did it mean to be a left-wing jurist under the Weimar Republic ? This study attempts to answer this question through the example of Gustav Radbruch (1878-1949), renowned legal philosopher, but also Social-Democratic activist, supporter of the Republic and for some time Member of Parliament and Justice Minister. Even though he is not the most well-known Weimar jurist, Radbruch participated in all the important legal debates of his time – such as the crisis of positivism and values, the legitimation of democracy and the questioning of the liberal, individualistic conception of the law, debates which reflected the most significant issues of that time of crisis, the Weimar Republic. Did he succeed in offering an alternative to the dominant discourse by elaborating solutions to the legal crisis within the frame of the Republic – rather than outside it ? Could a Social-Democratic jurist really reconcile theory and practice in that context ? It is necessary to analyze the way in which Radbruch responded to these challenges and to confront his discourse to that of other Socialist jurists in order to finally be able to give substance to the notion of a left-wing jurist under Weimar
Patry, Pénélope. ""Drømmen om Europas forente stater" ("Le rêve des Etats-Unis d'Europe"). Entre internationalisme et européisme, l'autre Europe du jeune Willy Brandt en exil (1933-1947)". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEN047/document.
Texto completoThe fact that during his Scandinavian exile between 1933 and 1947, the young Willy Brandt has been engaged in the debate about the future Europe and even proposed concrete conditions for its realization is still largely unknown. Still, the question of Europe marked out his exile writings and was as such the focus of particular attention from the young socialist refugee in Norway as early as 1939. This doctoral thesis aims to highlight these early European ideas, the “dream of the United States of Europe”, that Willy Brandt developed during his exile. It shall question not only the role of his Scandinavian exile on the emergence of a European federal thought in Brandt’s exile writings, but also the content of his project, its particularities and furthermore its possible originality. At a time when resistance groups were massively discussing the idea of the European unification, what may characterize Brandt's proposal for Europe? And how did these first European ideas evolve during the Second World War as the contexts of conception and communication also changed. To answer these questions, this PhD thesis is based on the analysis of texts written by Willy Brandt in Scandinavia between 1933 and 1947. The corpus consists of three types of documents: books or monographs about the war and the global international context, journalistic writings (newspaper articles, brochures, pamphlets, conference manuscripts all signed by Brandt between 1933 and 1947) and personal correspondence. The objective has been to identify in all these exile writings the motive of Europe as well as any other element relating to the theme of a united Europe or likely to be part of a more general reflection on international politics and the new post-war European order. This thesis has the particularity of being based essentially on original documents and hitherto largely unexploited sources, which has required a considerable amount of archival research. Moreover, since the sources used in this PhD thesis were written in Norwegian, Swedish and German, learning two Scandinavian languages, namely Norwegian and Swedish, was necessary. This study shows that through its contextual and cultural influence, the Scandinavian exile marked the emergence and evolution of Brandt’s European ideas between 1933 and 1947. The model of a social and democratic Europe the young Brandt dreamed of and developed during the Second World War undeniably bears the imprint of Scandinavia, and in particular Scandinavian socialism. By doing so, the thesis sheds new light on Willy Brandt’s political foothold and shows the importance of his exile years in the formation of a statesman and his foreign and European policy
Die Tatsache, dass Willy Brandt während seines Exils in Skandinavien zurinternationalen Diskussion über die Zukunft eines vereinten Europas beigetragen, und sogarkonkrete Bedingungen für eine künftige Einigung des Kontinents vorgeschlagen hat, ist nochkaum beachtet worden. In seinen Exilschriften tauchte das Thema „Europa“ allerdings immerwieder auf. Vor allem ab 1939 schenkte der junge Flüchtling dem Projekt einer künftigeneuropäischen Einigung besondere Aufmerksamkeit. Zum ersten Mal wird in der vorliegendenForschungsarbeit ein eingehender Überblick über Willy Brandts Europavorstellungen im Exil,deren Ursprung und deren Entwicklung, angeboten, und zwar im Rückgriff auf ursprüngliche,zum Teil bisher unbenutzte Quellen aus deutschem und skandinavischem Archivmaterial.Die Dissertation setzt sich zum Ziel, die Entstehung und die Entwicklung von WillyBrandts frühen Europavorstellungen im besonderen Kontext des skandinavischen Exilszwischen 1933 und 1947 zu analysieren, und fragt folgendes: Inwiefern hat das Exil inSkandinavien die Entstehung und die Ausformung von Brandts außenpolitischenKonzeptionen dauerhaft geprägt? Willy Brandts journalistische und literarische Schriften aus der Exilzeit zwischen 1933und 1947, die ein umfangsreiches Archiv aus Zeitungs-, bzw. Zeitschriftenartikeln, Büchern,Broschüren und gemeinsamen Veröffentlichungen bilden, liegen der vorliegendenForschungsarbeit zugrunde. Ziel ist es gewesen, in diesen Exilschriften das Motiv „Europa“sowie jedes andere Element zu identifizieren und zu erörtern, das sich auf das Thema einesvereinten Europas beziehen oder Teil einer allgemeineren Reflexion über die internationalePolitik und die neue europäische Nachkriegsordnung sein dürfte.Die Besonderheit dieses Forschungskorpus besteht in seiner Mehrsprachigkeit. Die imRahmen des vorliegenden Forschungsprojekts benutzten Texte und Manuskripte wurdennämlich auf Deutsch aber auch auf Norwegisch und auf Schwedisch verfasst. Wichtig war esin dieser Hinsicht, die Originalfassungen heranzuziehen, und damit der gesamtenForschungsarbeit nicht nur Authentizität sondern auch Originalität zu verleihen. In diesemZusammenhang gehörte das Erlernen von zwei skandinavischen Sprachen, nämlichNorwegisch und Schwedisch, natürlich auch zu den Grundlagen des Projekts.Diese Studie hat gezeigt, dass das skandinavische Exil die Entstehung und dieAusformung von Brandts frühen Europavorstellungen zwischen 1933 und 1947 kontextuellund inhaltlich geprägt hat. Im Modell des sozialistischen und demokratischen Europa, wovoner im Exil träumte und das er im Laufe des Zweiten Weltkrieges weiter entwickelte, lassensich nämlich etliche programmatische, kulturelle und politische Einflüsse der skandinavischen– und insbesondere der norwegischen – Sozialdemokratie erkennen. Dabei hat die vorliegendeDissertation die Bedeutung des skandinavischen Exils für die menschliche und politischeEntwicklung des Willy Brandt sowie für die Entstehung eigener außenpolitischer, ja sogareuropäischer Konzepte beim späteren Staatsmann nachvollziehen können
SZMILICHOWSKI, MONICA. "Societe et discours politique dans la pologne des annees 1930 : l'allemagne et la russie dans la vision polonaise". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010320.
Texto completoThe subject which is being discussed during the present doctorate treats of the relations between poland and its two principal neighbours, germany and russia during the decade which preceeded the second world war, precisely from 1930 to 1939. Are being analyzed the polish representations and images of germany and post-revolutionnary russia through the writings of the polish newspapers of that period; the newspapers controlled by the government as well as the ones of the principal oppositional parties. The polish discours treating the representations of its two neighbours (being analyzed through the press and through the writings of the polish litterature of that time) tented at first to fix the barriers which separated poland from a kind of reality it conidered strange and alien. Apart from this primary function the images of the others tried to position poland in relation to this alien reality; they contributed considerably to the definition of what was understood as a specificity of the polish culture and national identity. The points of friction of these representations are numerous and they refer to the images of russia and germany on one hand and the polish national caracter on the other. Among the problems manifested in relation to the polish discours of its neighbours, we find the political and cultural connection poland had with europe on one side and with what is being considered as the east or orient on the other side. Poland understands itself as being an active part of europe, of the west and of the christian civilisation. Germany, although it is being considered as a social entity and a part of that same europe poland feels connected to, is nonetheless perceived as an alien body cutting the european continent in half. The existence of russia is regarded by poland as being an abyss swallowing poland and the polish national and cultural identity in its immense asiatic vastness
Schumann, Dirk. "Politische Gewalt in der Weimarer Republik 1918 - 1933 : Kampf um die Straße und Furcht vor dem Bürgerkrieg /". Essen : Klartext, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb391002292.
Texto completoSaly-Giocanti, Frédéric. "Sociétés urbaines en mutation : mobilités sociales et géographiques à Mannheim et Fribourg de 1871 à 1933". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010705.
Texto completoSoria, Charlotte. "Le Premier Mai, lieu et temps de la fabrique sociale de la "Communauté du peuple" nationale socialiste (1933-1939)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL086.
Texto completoMay Day, an eminently political holiday of the socialist workers' movement, became with the celebration of May Day 1933 an official holiday of the National Socialist regime, an embodiment of its social community project, the "Volksgemeinschaft". But did these political rituals really contribute to the creation of a social order or were they merely a deceptive reflection of the regime's communication? In fact, May Day - a public holiday and festive day since 1933/34 - was a device of power(s), of inclusion and exclusion, which aimed at this social fabrication through political and official celebrations but also through the development of leisure activities within enterprises. It contributed to the emergence of a new, unequal and racist social order through classical mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion or even social ascension for the benefit of the >Volksgenossen< and >Volksgenossinnen< thus defined, not only through coercion but also in a constant process of negotiation. The festive and media arrangements had disappointing results, as the organisers (Joseph Goebbels) did not succeed in implanting the partisan mobilisation model inherited from the NSDAP in the heart of German society. In addition to this model, which was particularly highlighted in the media, new social rights were created: the right to holidays - guaranteed by this public holiday, among others - the right to leisure and tourism, as well as access to the consumption of "community services", including the festive evenings organised everywhere for the benefit of Robert Ley's DAF. At the same time, Jewish Germans were excluded from these "community" rights with difficulty. This exclusion clearly defined the "People's Community", while its meaning remained open to debate between "Community of action" through participation, "Community of effort" through processes of distinction, and "Community of leisure"
Bohm, Sigur. "Utopie sociale et esthétique d'opposition en RDA : de la tradition de l'exil à la pensée dissidente (1933-1989)". Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040006.
Texto completoIn east Germany, the breakdown of the socialist utopia in 1989 and the question of German unity since then are studied from the viewpoint of the history of ideas and of the "aesthetics of opposition" in the GDR. To this end, attention is focused on how, from 1933 to 1945, German opponents of nazism who had emigrated to the united states responded to the "crisis of reason". Special attention is paid, on the one hand, to Anna Seghers, Ernst Bloch, Bertolt Brecht and Lion Feuchtwanger and, on the other, to Hannah Arendt and Hans Sahl. Although these two groups of emigrants stood together in their opposition to nazis, they were divided over stalinism. Their differences of opinion considerably affected cultural life on both east and West Germany. In the east, dissident thought followed up on these differences but within the framework of the crisis of bolshevism (notedly with respect to major critical events in 1919, 1933, 1953, 1961 and 1989). The democratization of East German society, especially at the start of the pacific revolution, exposed the paradoxes of marxist thought and revealed the relevance of the ideas of Leszek Kolakowski, a polish dissident. Within the utopia that had become a labyrinth, the Stasi incarnated the split personality of East German society. This was a major factor in the metamorphosis that changed the socialist hope into a tragedy
Nicole, Jean-Thomas. "LA POLITIQUE ÉTRANGÈRE DU SAINT-SIÈGE FACE À L'ALLEMAGNE NATIONALE-SOCIALISTE : RAPPORT D'UNE PASSION AMBIVALENTE (1933-1938)". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25511/25511.pdf.
Texto completoSimard, Augustin. "Légalité et légitimité : trajectoire d'un couple conceptuel sous la république de Weimar (1919-1933)". Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0087.
Texto completoThis dissertation examines how the antinomy between legality and legitimacy evolved within the constitutional controversies of the Weimar Republic. The investigation starts with Max Weber’s concept of legitimacy as it is conveyed in « Economy and society ». It then analyses how Carl Schmitt deformed Weber’s sociological theses. While Weber only conceived legitimacy as a classificatory landmark, Schmitt explained Weimar’s constitutional failure in regards to a divorce between legality and legitimacy. He opposed a substantial and supra-legal legitimacy to a strictly functional legality. In 1932, as the regime ran into a deadlock, the dichotomy of legality and legitimacy, according to Schmitt, became an inescapable alternative: either self-destruction or protection of the State. Revisiting the link between legality and legitimacy, the young Otto Kirchheimer later rejected this false alternative by pointing out how it actually works in authoritarian projects
Massin, Benoît. "Le savant, la race et la politique : la conversion de la "science de l'Homme" allemande à la "science de la race" (1890-1914) : histoire politique d'une discipline scientifique et contribution à l'étude des origines du racisme nazi". Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0059.
Texto completoContrarily to the usual picture about Germany, the german "science of Man" in the 19th century was defending humanistic values and even more so than some of its western counterparts. However, the "science of race" which preceded the nazi take-over promoted values totally opposed to this humanistic tradition. A dramatic change in german academic science took place between 1890 and 1914. It is also in this period that the main ingredients of what was to become the nazi race ideology were shaped and synthesized. Academic science and the medical profession played a major role in the construction of this new "scientific racism". The main part of the Ph. D. Analyses the factors, both political and scientific, which lead to this change. Through the political history of a scientific discipline a new picture is suggested on Germany's political history and on the "scientific origins" of national-socialist racial ideology
Gallo, David. "La politique de formation idéologique de la SS (1933-1945) : Institutions, discours, pratiques, acteurs et impact de la Weltanschauliche Schulung". Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040158.
Texto completoThe following doctoral research traces the history of the policy of « ideological schooling » (weltanschauliche Schulung or weltanschauliche Erziehung) developed between 1933 and 1945 by the SS (Schutzstafel), the organization that considered itself the elite of Nazism. It combines four complementary methodological approaches: an institutional history of the network of organizations tasked with elaborating and implementing the SS’s schooling program, at the center of which stood the SS-Schulungsamt (educational office), that oversaw the work an « educational apparatus » (schulungsapparat) of more than a thousand instructors present at all levels; an analysis of the ideological discourses and teaching methods elaborated by these institutions in their attempts to relay nazi ideology to the rank and file of the SS; the biographies of the men who operated the « educational apparatus », constituting a specific group of perpetrators in the Nazi hierarchy; and an evaluation of the way the SS’s own brand of education impacted those who served in its civil, military or police units. By assessing the nature of the ideological training the SS provided to its members, fruit of the attempt of forging both a new man seeing all fields of life through the lens of Nazi ideology and an homogenous troop of « political soldiers » at the service of the regime, and tracing the evolution of this educational project within the framework of the SS’s growth and transformations, this study seeks to bring a new perspective to the understanding of the mentalities of the men who committed to the cause of the « Third Reich » and fought and murdered in its name
Wustefeld, Sylvie. "La « gestion autonome » à l’épreuve du national-socialisme : Politique communale et opposition (1933 – 1945) : Carl Friedrich Goerdeler, Arthur Menge, Karl Strölin". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20092.
Texto completoThe author analyzes the validity of the theory of the dual state from the jurist Ernst Fraenkel for the municipal administration in Nazi Germany. She tries to prove the existence of a network of sociability between three big city mayors who have been involved in the Movement of the 20th of July 1944. The link between the involvement of the three mayors in their daily work in the municipal administration and their motivation to turn the back on the Hitler regime is shown. Particular attention is paid to the principle of "self-government", the basis of German municipal administration in the early twentieth century
du, Réau Élisabeth. "Edouard Daladier et le problème de la sécurité de la France : 1933-1940". Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010631.
Texto completoCamarade, Hélène. "Écritures de la résistance dans le journal intime sous le Troisième Reich (1933-1945)". Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20075.
Texto completoThis study is based on diaries in German by the victims of racial politics, opponents and resisters of National Socialism, who remained in Germany between 1933 and 1945. From the analysis of the diaries of Ulrich von Hassell, Elfriede Paul, Theodor Haecker, Friedrich Reck-Malleczewen, Lisa de Boor, Victor Klemperer, Oskar Rosenfeld, Irene Hauser and Elisabeth Block, this work shows how the diarists used their dairies as a clandestine medium of free expression to assert or consolidate their individual identity and to oppose the regime. The study highlights four examples of resistance in the diaries: the preservation of the freedom of thought and the values opposed to the National Socialist ideology; the survival strategy; the willingness to oppose the falsification of history through a written testimony; and the formulation of political plans for Germany in the post-Hitler era
Robert, Valérie. "De l'exclusion à la réintégration : le discours des intellectuels en exil sur les intellectuels en Allemagne nazie, 1933-1939". Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030044.
Texto completoThe german intellectuals who emigrated after 1933 have published many texts in which they comment upon the attitude of those intellectuals who stayed in germany. In these texts, they try at first to impse the gesture of breaking off with them as a norm, as the gesture one has to make in order to belong to the community of the emigres. They turn to a more psitive vision as they try to build a volksfront, in which the intellectuals in germany are supposed to play a role too. It is under the influence of the communists , who in their strategy of unificating the antifascists plead for a reconciliation, that the emigres use less the excluding text model. Some emigres, like heinrich mann and thomas mann, who have never uttered any univocal exclusion, serve as models. The reintegration of the intellectuals who stayed in germany in the community of the "real" intellectuals and of the opponents of nazism takes place in the context of the discussion about the "other germany"; at this point they are considered no more as "renegades" but as members of the "inner emigration", which allows the emigres to refutate the thesis of an identity between hitler and germany. These texts show that the emigration has her own discurse, which is internal and strongly ideological ; they also show the limits of the politisation of the noncommunist emigres, whose discurse keeps within the cultural field. The excluding and normative character of these texts show the influence of the nazi discurse, as the emigres, on judging upon the intellectuals in germany, use the same categories as the nazis, but invert them. There seems to be a contamination, mainly in the form of the discurse. Between the "counter-discurse" of the emigres and the discurse they oppose to
Mayer, Michael. "Antisemitismus in NS-Deutschland und Vichy-Frankreich : die Ministerialbürokratie und die „Judenpolitik“". Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0136.
Texto completoThe first part of the thesis surveys the administration’s anti-Jewish policy in the beginning of national-socialist Germany and Vichy-France and scrutinizes if there had been an autonomous French anti-Semitism. Then the administrational application of the anti-Jewish measures is compared. For better understanding why the racial laws have been promulgated their public presentation by the German and French gouvernement is examined. These results are underlined by the comparison of the point of view the catholic and protestant church took in both countries. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to the behaviour of the administration while the elimination of the Jews took place and investigates therefore the introduction of the Yellow Star und the deportation of the Jews. Finally the discussion about the modification of the racial laws and the accordance of exemptions from these laws is compared. The results are underlined by the comparison of the churches attitude towards this policy
Fertikh, Karim. "Le congrès de Bad Godesberg : contribution à une socio-histoire des programmes politiques". Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0005.
Texto completoThis thesis proposes a sociological analysis of the production and uses of a political manifesto. Its observation field is the Bad Godesberg Program of the Social Democratic Party of Germany adopted in 1959. This manifesto is related to the social, organizational and socio-historical production wich contribute to explain the ways the text become a clear break with a traditional doctrine. This work shows the implementation of a division of labor in the party after 1945, wich did not exist in this form before. The thesis describes and explains the transformation of the intellectual configuration of the party and shows the emergence of experts, holders of university degrees, involved in the production of the manifesto. It highlights, thank to the sociology of work in committees, how these experts work with party leaders, "Efficient agents" of such commission, to define the requirements that the program must meet. This research explores the sociohistorical foundations of technology partisan, and the conventions that the producers of the program in 1959 appropriate. The thesis is also a sociology of the social uses of Congress, showing that beyond the statutory dimensions, the Congress of 1959 was a political meeting that was socially organized. Finally, analyzing the use of the program adopted, this thesis highlights the contradictory meanings that the program acquired until 1970
Fontaine, Thomas. "Déporter : politiques de déportation et répression en France occupée : 1940-1944". Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010602/document.
Texto completoDeportations by means of large-scale transports of 1,000 people, small convoys of 50 prisoners, killing executions, reckless slaughter. ... German repression in Occupied France took many forms. The measure of this repression that claimed the largest number of victims in Occupied France from 1940 to 1944 was deportation. Tens of thousands - at least 60,500 people from France's northern and southern occupied zones - were subject to this enormous forced transfer to the Reich's concentrationary and prison systems. This study demonstrates that to comprehend deportees as a group, we must first focus on the steps involved in their deportation. The concept of deportation policies has enabled us to think through such a process. By envisaging deportation as a congeries of policies, we can examine the objectives of the Germans, specify transfer conditions, and explain their results. Further, this work offers an indispensable contextualization by placing these deportation policies within the larger framework of the repressive methods established in Occupied France. Finally, because this subject could not be delimited and explored using this approach after the World War Il, we discuss the function of representations and of memory, as well as their ramifications for historiography
Seggern, Jessica von. "Alte und neue Demokraten in Schleswig-Holstein : Demokratisierung und Neubildung einer politischen Elite auf Kreis- und Landesebene 1945 bis 1950 /". Stuttgart : Franz Steiner, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41301538f.
Texto completoJardin, Pierre. ""Die Dolchstoßlegende" : la légende du coup de poignard". Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040074.
Texto completoThe belief of " stab in the back " presents the German defeat of November 1918 as a direct consequence of the revolution, which is considered as the victory of social-democracy. The study of the documents shows that the defeat does not occur as a consequence of the revolution: short before the end of war, the military situation of Germany is desperate, its army is collapsing and fights a guerrilla war to contain the allied forces. The idea of "stab in the back" hides the responsibility of the military leaders in the failure. It emphasizes the responsibility of the political leaders, especially Bethmann Hollweg. While trying to incorporate the social-democracy using war in that way, he would have opened her the way to political power. The expression "stab in the back" embodies a return to the anti-socialist discourse that emerged before the war: the party is un-national, it rallied only in appearance the cause of national defence and represents a permanent threat to german unity. For these reasons, social-democracy should be kept aside of it. This conception will give one of the deepest roots of Hitler's discourse
Morel, Jean-François. "Le New York Times devant la consolidation des Nazis au pouvoir et les premières persécutions des Juifs en Allemagne, 1933-1935". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ48944.pdf.
Texto completoBecquet-Lavoinne, Claude. "Général Walther von Seydlitz-Kurzbach, 1888-1976 : un officier prussien face aux totalitarismes du XXe siècle". Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUEL022.
Texto completoMember of one of Prussia's oldest and proudest military families, general Walther von Seydlitz-Kurzbach was torn between his oath of loyalty and his concern for the welfare of Germany, he chose the latter. At Stalingrad he was the only general who called for the disobedience of Hitler's orders, to save the 250000 men of the sixth Army. In September 1943, he decided to head a group of captured German soldiers and officers under Soviet sponsorship, in an attempt to achieve the war, to depose Hitler and to replace the Nazi regime with a lawful government. On 16/4/1944 Hitler condemned the "traitorous general" to death in absentia. Stalin decided to subvert the National Committee for free Germany and turn it into a cadre training school to staff Russia's anticipated share of Germany. General v. Seydlitz did not want to become a communist and refused another dictatorship for Germany. Back to homeland in 1955, he found himself anathema, thus he had proved his opposition, both to Nazism and Stalinism. He was rehabilited in 1995 but his biography between two totalitarianism still raises polemics
Picard, Lionel. "Les engagements politiques de la presse des expulsés de Silésie : l'exemple du Grafschafter Bote". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00841754.
Texto completoWilczynska, Julia. "Le "retour" de l'Alsace à la France après la Seconde Guerre Mondiale (1944-1951) : aspects politiques, culturels et sociaux". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAA025.
Texto completoMy interest in Humanities, cultural and sociological phenomena of the unifying Europe, and my love for languages and other cultures have influenced the choice of the field of my studies. These interests led almost automatically to the consideration of political, social and personal changes in Alsace-Lorraine since that is the place were two different cultures are forced by geography and history to connect, compete and overlap. My thesis focuses on Alsace after the Liberation (1944-1951) when politics, education and culture were the subjects of crucial discussions by the population at large, the administration and politicians
Boulé, Richard. "La montée du fascisme et de la Grande Dépression en Allemagne, vue par la presse de France, de Grande-Bretagne et des États-Unis (1930-32)". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27167.
Texto completoDuring the years 1931-32, international disputes about the Treaty of Versailles accompanied the rise of fascism and Great Depression in Germany. Leaders of the Anglo-Saxon powers justified their support of the Reich by public opinions. Historians have said that the latters were deluded about German issues, but what were those illusions and where do they came from ? This comparison of British, American and French newspapers shows that they were not only made from wrong assessments of objective realities, but also from hidden facts or inventions, even a media war serving to justify some financial and political choices. The fast dissemination of the same inventions on both sides of the Atlantic also suggest the existence of priviledged channels of « opinion fabrics » from Germany, to and between Britain and the United States.
Vallar, Christian. "Vichy : traditionalisme et technocratie". Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE0003.
Texto completoPinhas, Benjamin. "Au-delà du Sonderweg. L'historiographie de la République fédérale d'Allemagne entre l'historisme et les sciences sociales (1949-1989)". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL085.
Texto completoThis work studies the development of the historiography of the Federal Republic of Germany and more specifically the gradual pervasiveness of the new social history in the light of a complex relationship that historians from the Federal Republic have maintained with historicism and the German historical tradition. We shall try to demonstrate to what extent renewed research methodologies have accompanied the emergence of different interpretations of the national history and the German Sonderweg. We shall equally shed a more specific light on the question of the continuity of German historiography across the Weimar Republic and the Federal Republic era. Based on these grounds, the first part of our work provides an insight into the influence of Hans Rosenberg and Eckart Kehr, which prevailed over the community of historians in West Germany during the 1960’s, after they broke up with the doctrine of history of ideas theorized by Friedrich Meinecke, well before the end of the Republic of Weimar. The second part studies the role played by structural history in the transformation of German historiography after the Second World War and the formation of the new social history. Critical social history, whose emergence in the late 1960’s, through the decisive impetus of Hans-Ulrich Wehler and Jürgen Kocka, was nonetheless confronted to the criticisms from the Cultural Studies and cultural history: in the third part, we shall show how the opposition between these two academic orientations has resulted in a renewed reflection on the specificities of German history and the re-questioning of the heuristic value of Sonderweg
Boursier, Jean-Yves. "Le Parti communiste français et la question nationale". Paris 8, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA080392.
Texto completoThe national question is meant to be understood as the relationship to the country as well as a link with a political an historical setting, together with theaspects of conscience awareness of the french civilian society : this does not exclude the problem of the creation and existence of nations. The historic period chosen is the one during which the ideas of thorez are fully unfolded : these ideas are thus presented so as tobe understood as the french way of the marxist leninism doctrine belonging to the komintern which was organized by the pcf. During this period, the same pcf shows how it is at the core and does represent the core of politics at the same time. Hence it cannot split and it aims at preserving the "party". The pcf is almost unable to follow an independant political line and is obliged to cling to other forces to make it stronger; these other forces have to acknowledge the worker's representation monopoly. The pcf is the answer to the political questionning of the first world war result, of the sfio and of the political system of the french third republic grounded upon the crushing of the commune and upon the national disinterest
Pérez, Amín. "Rendre le social plus politique : guerre coloniale, immigration et pratiques sociologiques d'Abdelmalek Sayad et de Pierre Bourdieu". Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0032.
Texto completoWhat is the purpose of sociology and under what conditions can it be practical? These are the questions posed by Pierre Bourdieu and Abdelmalek Sayad in a colonial situation and that this thesis aims to restore. The first part of this thesis follows step by step the work of both ethnographers in training in the context of the independence war of Algeria and at the time of the institutionalization of sociology as a discipline. The analysis of their personal archives, faced with a series of interviews and a bibliometric study of the reception of their works, reflects the social genesis of a critical sociology, out of the political and epistemological debates of the time, and reveals the needs and constraints of a sociological approach making a way to politics. In the second part, we are interested in the becoming of Sayad a sociologist of migrations, and implicated in intellectual, administrative and militant circles. This part suives to contribute to the study of the dominated working for another possible in the field of the dominant, even considering intellectual consecration in places other than the academie world. The biographical analysis and the modes of engagement of Pierre Bourdieu and Abdelmalek Sayad is a contribution to the real possibilities of being a committed sociologist. At the crossroads of a socio-history of colonial and migration issues, of an ethnography of intellectual practices and a history of social science, this thesis renders emprically the inextricably political and scientific sense of sociological practice
Spina, Raphaël. "La France et les Français devant le service du travail obligatoire (1942-1945)". Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00749560.
Texto completoBernier-Monod, Agathe. "Les anciens de Weimar à Bonn. Itinéraires de 34 doyens et doyennes de la seconde démocratie parlementaire allemande". Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040130.
Texto completoThis PhD thesis studies the continuity between the Weimar Reichstag and the Bundestag in Bonn from the perspective of 34 representatives who were elected in both chambers. Constructing the socio-political portrait of this group reveals an essential diversity while at the same time leading to the identification of the socio-moral backgrounds that structured political life in imperial Germany. These men and women experienced their time in the Reichstag differently, depending on their party, gender, constituency, the period in question, and the place they occupied in parliament.The neutralisation of the Reichstag and the fall of the Republic marked a turning point in their lives. The question of why the Weimar Republic had failed would follow them for the rest of their lives. The members of this group reacted differently to the Nazi dictatorship. If their situations varied considerably between 1933 and 1945, the period was generally marked by the experience of loss. The former members of the Reichstag were the main targets of Nazi persecutions aimed at opponents of the regime. Living through oppression turned them into considerate democrats and encouraged their return to politics. Most took part in the institutional reconstruction of West Germany between 1945 and 1949. Their reunion with the parliament from 1949 onward was difficult, since they perceived the Bundestag through the prism of their past experience in the Reichstag. In the Bundestag, they built on their knowledge of parliamentary work, thereby contributing to stabilising the new state. Some of them perpetuated a political culture that had been shaped before 1933 and which can be described as “the Weimar spirit”