Tesis sobre el tema "Politique publique – Environnement"
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Inserguet-Brisset, Véronique. "Propriete publique et environnement". Limoges, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIMO0419.
Texto completoAkoka, Fanette. "Contrats de la commande publique et environnement". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0510.
Texto completoThe worrisome environmental situation has led to a diversification in the types of legal actions leading to its protection. Public procurement, endowed with a strong economic power, qualifies as a public policy lever. Public procurement can thus be a medium for environmental protection. Its scope is relativized by the sources of the contracts studied, which prioritize free competition over the environment, and by their implementation. The latter, strongly conditioned by competitive imperatives and by the principles of public procurement, is confronted with extrinsic obstacles to the contract, such as unilateral administrative acts with an environmental focus. Public procurement contracts contribute « de lege lata » to the protection of the environment, by virtue of certain legislative obligations, through the insertion of the environment in conventional contractual mechanisms and by the emergence of new (pre)contractual techniques that are aimed at environmental quality and performance. The systematization of the integration of the environment into public procurement by means of legislative obligations coupled with inducements is leading to comprehensive « de lege ferenda » protection of the environment through public procurement
Rumpala, Yannick. "Régulation publique et environnement : questions écologiques, réponses économiques /". Paris ; Budapest ; Torino : l'Harmattan, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39058481h.
Texto completoBibliogr. p. 369-370.
Guyon, Thierry. "Les entreprises nationales et l'environnement". Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO33033.
Texto completoSpanou, Calliope. "L'administration et les nouveaux mouvements sociaux : consommation, environnement, femmes". Amiens, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AMIE0001.
Texto completoDuring the 60's and the 70's, new social movements appear, independently from the working class movement, and focus on new social issues. The political and administrative system takes cognizance of these issues and create new administrative agencies to take charge of them ; in this process, the role of political parties and unions seems rather limited and the politicization and intermediation are mainly carried out by a social movement or by the administration itself. The administrative agencies created on this occasion are transverse, weak and hybrid and have to overcome the hostility of older agencies. Their survival demands the adoption of special strategies and especially the cooperation with the social movements which form their constituency. This way, the administrative agency and the militants become interdependent, come closer and influence each other: it is then possible to speak of a "militant administration". However, tension and conflict are not excluded from their relationship because of the role confusion and the lack of precise task division between the two partners. These are also some of the basic reasons why corporatism is absent from their relations
Delgado, Pugley Deborah. "Les politiques climatiques et la Panamazonie : l'action des peuples amazoniens et l'économie politique des changements environnementaux". Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0017.
Texto completoThis thesis aims to analyse the attempts to reform land and resources management policies tha emanate from global environmental political regimes and concern the Upper Amazon region. It examines some of the coalitions, alliances, and negotiation strategies that have accompanied and shaped the process of climate change politics from the preparation of COP 15 in Copenhagen (2009) to the preparation of COP 21 in Paris (2015). Using a form of multi-sited ethnography, it compares and contrasts the involvement in REDD+ (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries) negotiations of, on the one hand, Peru and Bolivia, and, on the other hand, two transnational movements, the indigenous peoples movement and the forest conservation coallitions of NGOs. How do indigenous peoples of the Amazon region have occupied the political space created by climate change negotiations? Hav< they succeeded to gain recognition and to negotiate a better access to resources and services? Are they calling into question the assumptions of the regimes that govern the environmental transformation of these lands? Indigenous people's organizations have being targets and partners of environmental and development policies but they have being rarely recognized the capacity to express what is "true for all" in a community of interest. By following key mobilizatior processes of indigenous peoples during the period studied (2010-2014) in Bolivia and Peru as well as in the transnational level this thesis aims to enrich the understanding of indigenous social movements, including normative global orders as a key level of analysis and focusing on the way this political realm articulates the relationship between the "human" and "the environment. "
Chevalier, Carole Annie Christiane. "L' environnement juridique de l'activité médico-sociale". Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON10037.
Texto completoCros, Christine. "Politique publique d'environnement et efficacité économique : permis négociables ou instrument réglementaire pour la maîtrise de la pollution atmosphérique : une approche comparative États Unis/France". Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010067.
Texto completoThe key issue of the thesis is the paradox of the weak implementation of economic instruments whereas 1) they are theoretically and also empirically considered as efficient; 2) the market imposes itself as the central reference to modern economies, and 3) economic efficiency is nowadays a legitimacy measure of public policies. Two different answers are given: either theoretical analysis does not enable to explain the real economic efficiency of a political instrument, or environmental policies do not have economic efficiency as their main objective. The analysis take place in a context of a limited rationality and an intertemporal consistency of public policies. The purpose is to understand the role of economic efficiency criteria during the adoption, building, and evolution of an environmental policy with an analytical point of view, and not a normative one. The institutional analysis of the american and the french pollution control policies, representative of the implementation of a trading permit system for the first, and of a regulatory instrument for the second, prove that the theoretical analysis of an instrument can not explain a real coordination, but only one organisational form among others. An institutional trajectory is the interpretation of policy instruments from 5 fundamental elements: legitimacy of agents foundation; regulator hypothesis on the information; decision-making foundation; collective action foundation; rationality of the collective action. A coordination changes when the occurrence of an event moves one of the fondamental elements, and disorganizes the satisficing equilibrium of the agents. Then, the economic efficiency becomes a negociation point. A political instrument is adopted for its own ability to solve a dysfunction without disruptinging the coordination
Aggeri, Franck. "Environnement et pilotage de l'innovation : un modèle dynamique du développement durable : le cas du recyclage automobile". Paris, ENMP, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENMP0874.
Texto completoSauquet, Alexandre. "Three contributions to the top-down and bottom-up approaches to global environmental problems". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10429.
Texto completoThe primary approach to dealing with global environmental problems is to conclude international environmental agreements. In this top-down approach, a crucial step is to obtain the participation of countries. This thesis attempts to examine two prominent drivers/obstacles to participation : countries' interactions, in Chapter 3, and national elections, in Chapter 4.Yet, the relative failure of the top-down approach to solve environmental challenges has pushed interest toward bottom-up approaches. While a top-down approach consists in defining targets during multilateral negotiations and in obtaining the agreement of countries to respect these targets, a bottom-up approach begins with a unilateral initiative and moves toward globalsolutions. An environmental issue for which the bottom-up approach plays a crucial role is biodiversity conservation. In Chapter 5, we present the ICMS-Ecologico, an innovative conservation instrument that has been considered to be an interesting tool for the implementation of commitments in international environmental agreements, and, in Chapter 6, we test one condition for its efficiency. We synthesize the analytical and methodological contributions of this thesis and discuss their potential extensions in Chapter 7
Laplane-Capo, Pascale. "L'action sanitaire publique en matière d'habitat". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON10031/document.
Texto completoPublic health action in habitat is organized through goals led the function of a period or a society. In France today, the fight against health risks inside, outside homes, the prevention against health risks found in homes and the guarantee everyone access to a decent housing are goals with borderline against the expected result. It is possible to develop guidelines for greater involvement of all in a protective housing of health. The establishment of a healthy housing project developed within the framework of local orientations is one of the new ways to bring the action of local needs
Wallaert, Sylvie. "L' intégration des exigences environnementales en droit positif". Littoral, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DUNK0194.
Texto completoThis thesis aims at studying the positioning of environmental policies and the perfectible list of the tools of Law to integrate the environment. The protection of the environment as a value to protect still too often finds a various place and authority within the arbitration of other laws and systems. It is as much about a process of integration as the Law of the environment. The Law of the environment must do with a pure and simple articulation to the other branches of Law and takes a long time to find a real identity. In the same way it can’t get rid of the anthropocentric paradigm. It is legitimate to question the autonomisation of the Law of environment around a very precise object and means of action. Isn’t in particular a specialised judge necessary to really integrate the environmental requirements? It is thus necessary to wonder if a new legal regulation of the environment must be studied outside the strict state-controlled frame and if the precursory and revealing role of the integration of governmental requirements can take part mutatis mutandis in the renewal of the Law and the exchanges between the legal systems. The environmental integration would therefore serve evolutions which would fluidly fit into the Law, refresching it
Sarrasin, Bruno. "Élaboration et mise en oeuvre du plan d'action environnemental à Madagascar (1987-2001) : construction et problèmes d'une politique publique". Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010287.
Texto completoXiong, Hang. "Décentralisation et environnement en Chine". Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713933.
Texto completoPuel, Christophe. "Vie d'un site industriel et protection de l'environnement". Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10034.
Texto completoThe life of an industrial site is subject to basic environmental legislation (the Act of 19th july 1976). This law governs classified facilities but is not intented to cover all legal aspects. It is hardly surprising, therefore, to find that a certain nomber of legal and regulatory provisions comply to varying degrees with regulations applying to classified facilities (pollution, damage, refurbishment. . . )
Morvan, Régis. "Les politiques publiques locales de protection de l'environnement : éléments d'analyse des systèmes comptables des administrations publiques locales". Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON10050.
Texto completoNougarol, Renaud. "La tarification incitative des déchets ménagers comme processus d’économisation ? : sociologie des cadrages et des débordements d’une politique publique". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20086.
Texto completoIn France, public authorities have been trying to generalize Unit-Based Pricing of household waste (UBP). It is a pricing system that consists in charging users for the waste management service depending on the amount of waste they produce. Nevertheless, UBP is not largely implemented because the actors responsible for its implementation fear being confronted to a certain number of economic issues, social issues and environmental issues.Keeping in mind the triple observation that the scientific literature on this subject was essentially written by economists, that economists generally favour the economic incentive, and that they have a central place in public action, the general hypothesis of this research is about the role of economists and their studies to set the agenda of UBP in France by a dynamics of "framing" of its "overflowing" (of its problems). This thesis defends the idea of an economization process characterized by successive "translations" – before and during the Grenelle de l'Environnement – of the work of a waste-assessment organisation marked by the presence of certain economists and certain economic studies favourable to UBP. These "translations" have been carried out by Communist representatives, and this thesis is in accordance with the various works which show that the economisation cannot be reduced to organic links with the liberal economic doctrine or with a form of "neoliberalism" which would constitute the explanatory variable of public policies change.In addition, this research focuses on the local implementation of UBP. By describing, step by step, how members of a local community set up their unit-based pricing project between 2013 and 2016, the work undertaken shows how they have "managed" various "overflows" related to its implementation
Bavay, Reynald. "Planification et action territoriale : les limites de l'intervention publique : le cas de différentes aires urbaines en France, en Belgique et en Grande-Bretagne". Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50377-1999-19-1.pdf.
Texto completoVazquez-Gérin, Mauricio. "Les asymétries d'information et de légitimité comme facteurs explicatifs du niveau de coercition dans le choix des instruments de politiques publiques : Le cas des politiques environnementales au Québec et au Massachusetts". Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28937/28937.pdf.
Texto completoMiroudel-Landel, Marie-Aude. "Enjeux de la monétarisation et de l'aménagement durable dans une politique publique de transport : le cas du Lyon-Turin". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENH030.
Texto completoHow are used and appropriated the environmental external costs and which are their stakes in the decision-making process of a transport infrastructure project? Through the story of the railway project transalpine Lyon Turin, this thesis questions about the uses and the appropriations of the valuation of the environmental nuisances. In the nonlinear unfolding of the project (1989-2010), we will reveal the technical uses of the monetary valuations inserted into a wide instrument of evaluation, the public economic calculation, to deal with its political and social appropriations. By its transformations and the emergence of an alpine question of transport following the accident in the tunnel of Mont Blanc and its reading under risk register, Lyon Turin gains in precision and in public visibility. In spite of its complexity, its cost and weak profitability, it becomes the symbol of a new sustainable transport policy. Yet, the values allotted to the environmental external costs following the Boiteux groups do not manage to modify the results of the evaluations. Within the framework of the alpine area, the project offers a political solution to crisis and questions the relevance of economic calculation to measure the collective interest of the project. The instrument, in the heart of the issues on the realization of the project, is constantly reinvested in the process of negotiation and decision. The controversies on the realization of the project give to see the issues of a project life, cost-benefit analyses and let charge the interest of the protagonists for environmental external costs as an instrument of public action
Alphandéry, Pierre. "Les campagnes françaises de l'agriculture à l'environnement (1945-2000) : politiques publiques, dynamiques sociales et enjeux territoriaux". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001IEPP0012.
Texto completoGuyot, Delmotte Florence. "L' administration et les risques naturels et technologiques". Littoral, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DUNK0244.
Texto completoThe problem posed by the treatment of risk management requires taking into account various issues. The first challenge lies in the support of all actors in defining the acceptable level of risk and the implementation and evaluation of public policy on natural and technological hazards. The second issue concerns the involvement of external partners in the implementation of public policy. The third issue concerns the ability of the administrative organization to manage the public to risks. Therefore, the main interest of this thesis was to highlight the evolution of treatment of risk management. This study found the limits of the system : one administrative territorialization necessary but inadequate, a failure of consistency in prevention, insufficient accountability of various actors, an original scheme, but the fragile. . . The vision proposed by this study is based on the clarification and simplification on the legal framework achieved and efforts still to provide. .
Bonnaud, Laure. "Experts et contrôleurs d'État : les inspecteurs des installations classées de 1810 à nos jours". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENS0032.
Texto completoVidal, Marion. "Sortir des phytos en viticulture : pratiques professionnelles, action collective et normalisation environnementale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20058.
Texto completoPesticides used in agriculture are a known environmental problematic fact. Despite the involvement of agriculture and the contribution of significant public funding, agri-environmental public policies deployed for over 40 years struggle to achieve their goals, where sustainable production systems remain convincing but marginal. Faced with this context, designing and spreading alternative techniques to chemicals remains a challenge for government and professionals. From case of a professional project aiming at removing herbicides in the South West of France vineyards, this thesis proposes to re-examine, through the prism of a sociology that pay attention to action (less than actors), the innovation capacity of agriculture and the responsiveness of public authorities about agri-environment, focusing on the analysis of professional collective action as a way of regulating environmental public issues, and considering its development out, in parallel, upstream or below established public policies offer. The research shows that in such conditions, objects, mobiles and collectives comprised by environmental action are heterogeneous, ambiguous, variable and flexible, throughout their discussions. Plurality and change situations emphasize as much unpredictability of collective action that impossibility of standardization, that are likely to call (on the contrary) differentiated institutional responses to the same environmental problem
Merlinsky, María Gabriela. "Atravesando el Río : la construcción social y política de la cuestión ambiental en Argentina : dos estudios de caso en torno al conflicto por las plantas de celulosa en el Río Uruguay y al conflicto por el saneamiento de la Cuenca Matanza-Riachuelo". Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/150970102#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Texto completoThis research considers the incursion into a field of new problems, relative to the emergence of the environmental issue as a socially problematised matter in Argentina. Our aim is to contribute to the analysis of the way in which the social selection of the environmental issues occurs in different societies and its relationship with more general processes of change. The road taken has been the analysis of the environmental conflicts considered as moments of socialization and turning points in the material and symbolic construction of the environmental issue. In this exploration, we have selected two cases of relevance for their ability to impact the public arenas of deliberation around the environmental problems, and because they represent hinge times in the construction of the environmental institutionality in Argentina: the conflict over the pulp mills on the Uruguay River and the conflict over the clean-up of the Matanza-Riachuelo River Basin. The thesis describes the emergence of these conflicts and the course they followed establishing an influence on the formation of public arenas around the environmental issue. It also identifies the instances of institutional rupture triggered by these conflicts and their exemplary nature for the national environmental debate and the social construction of the collective risk
Lécou, Sébastien. "Missions de service public et régulation en environnement concurrentiel : application au secteur postal". Paris 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00187041.
Texto completoNeuwels, Julie. "Architecture, développement et action publique :conjugaison en mutation dans un contexte de recherche de durabilité. Le cas de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/218362.
Texto completoFor almost thirty years, the reference to "sustainable development" announces a new phase of questioning and therefore a remodeling of the architecture societal role. The scope and content of these changes are not obvious because sustainable development has a critical potentiality nevertheless its activation remains uncertain. Trying to frontally understand how this critical potential is activated in the field of architecture, this research analyzes how the problems, issues and solutions are discussed and formalized in public policies. This analysis is applied to the Brussels-Capital Region context that seems at first to be characterized by a proactive eco-construction policy. Approaching architecture as an instrument of thought and as a form of political action in the line with Henri Lefebvre’s works, we question the evolution of triptych architecture, public action and modern ideologies induced, voluntarily or involuntarily, on behalf of sustainability. The top-down analysis of these relationships, their matches and their tensions challenge to expand the scope of the "green building" or "eco-building" reflections. To this end, the research takes the form of a problematization genesis developed through three reading lines. The first focuses on the legacy in the frame of reference of sustainable architecture. This general analysis of the past provide supports to understand the construction process of the shares and current thoughts. The second axis is interested in formalizing of the frame of reference of sustainable architecture, approached through the balance between action by accountability and action by coercive regulation. The third axis analyzes the negotiating of sustainable architecture’s forms in the environmental emergency and a postpolitical context resulting from the neoliberal hegemony. This genesis shows that the sustainability reference favored some re-politicization of the architecture societal role in Brussels, but this re-politicization is less obvious than it seems at first. In particular, your object of investigation is indeed characterized by a proactive eco-construction policy, suggesting a strong sustainability which distances itself from reliance on technical progress. Nevertheless, the Brussels eco-building’s policies are not immune to an industrial logic that is developed from the technician register and market codes. This industrial logic weakens the activation of the sustainable development critical potential, even though many actors influencing the decisions defend strong ecological ideologies. As a result, three major paradoxes limit the politicization of the sustainable architecture as conceptualized and formalized in the Brussels-Capital Region.
Doctorat en Art de bâtir et urbanisme (Architecture)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Vidal, Marion. "Sortir des phytos en viticulture : pratiques professionnelles, action collective et normalisation environnementale". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20058/document.
Texto completoPesticides used in agriculture are a known environmental problematic fact. Despite the involvement of agriculture and the contribution of significant public funding, agri-environmental public policies deployed for over 40 years struggle to achieve their goals, where sustainable production systems remain convincing but marginal. Faced with this context, designing and spreading alternative techniques to chemicals remains a challenge for government and professionals. From case of a professional project aiming at removing herbicides in the South West of France vineyards, this thesis proposes to re-examine, through the prism of a sociology that pay attention to action (less than actors), the innovation capacity of agriculture and the responsiveness of public authorities about agri-environment, focusing on the analysis of professional collective action as a way of regulating environmental public issues, and considering its development out, in parallel, upstream or below established public policies offer. The research shows that in such conditions, objects, mobiles and collectives comprised by environmental action are heterogeneous, ambiguous, variable and flexible, throughout their discussions. Plurality and change situations emphasize as much unpredictability of collective action that impossibility of standardization, that are likely to call (on the contrary) differentiated institutional responses to the same environmental problem
Guilleux, Céline. "L'institutionnalisation de la santé environnementale en France. : D'une approche globale homme / environnement à la sectorisation d'actions de santé publique". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3007/document.
Texto completoThe last fifteen years, debates around environmental health problems increased in the public space. Brought on by heterogeneous social actors (scientists, activists, public health professionals, sick persons...), they highlight new social concerns about environmental and health dangers. Based on a methodology associating discourse analysis, network analysis and direct observation, the thesis examines the institutionalisation of environmental health and argues that its main stake is the passage from a global approach of the relations between health and environment to its division into public health actions. To demonstrate this, our work analyses the emergence of environmental explanations of health constructed by pluridisciplinary scientific networks during the 90s. This approach differs from the sanitary movement by regarding invisible health dangers (electromagnetic fields, endocrine disruptors, nanoparticles...) and defining individuals as living beings evolving in ecosystems. Its social aknowledgement grows during the 2000s as a result of activist networks organised around its divulgation. Furthermore, the thesis shows the part played by professional NGOs of environmental health in the transformation of local and environmental illness claims into public health reform claims more generally. The integration of these claims in public health risk assessment leads to a progressive normalization and division of environmental health (occupational health, habitation, air pollution, endocrine disruptors...). This process leads to definition of new behavioral norms recommending individuals become their own risk managers
Lo, Prete Mariantonia. "Port de commerce et environnement, une relation en évolution : ce que nous apprennent les recours contentieux dans les ports français et italiens en mer Méditerranée". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1178.
Texto completoPorts are inevitably the site of litigation born out of environmental issues. Our research aims to understand how the environment is taken into account in port development. For that purpose, we analysed litigation where public and private players went to court over environmental issues. To do so, we created a method based on a geo-law grid that we used to read and analyse judgements on environmental issues linked to ports, and to grasp the variety of characteristics of these judgements on which we can base a quantitative and qualitative analysis. Our thesis is unique in using a legal approach to study port development. Using the prism of litigation provides valuable information to understand the relationships between private and public players involved in the development of ports as they face environmental issues. As a contribution to this purpose, we provide profiles of how the environment has been taken into account in port development. These port profiles can help us better understand new environmental disputes, and help us find better ways to take the environment into account in port development
Nakanabo, Diallo Rozenn. "Politiques de la nature et nature de l'Etat : (re)déploiement de la souveraineté de l'Etat et action publique transnationale au Mozambique". Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957654.
Texto completoNakanabo, Diallo Rozenn. "Politiques de la nature et nature de l’Etat : (re)déploiement de la souveraineté de l’Etat et action publique transnationale au Mozambique". Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40012/document.
Texto completoMozambique is a donor darling since independence in 1975, and more particularly since the Peace Agreement in 1992. As far as nature conservation is concerned, international donors take part to policymaking, including law making and daily management of national parks. Policymaking is thus transnational: narrations, funding and exogenous actors underline it. This work analyses this phenomenon at the top of the state, that is taking specifically into consideration administrative elites working in the tourism ministry (which is in charge of conservation matters) and in two national parks (Gorongosa and Limpopo). Thanks to a sociological study of policymaking, we show how Mozambican elites are located in a grey zone: they respond to donors (such as the World Bank), which pay them, but they are at the same time bound to the party-state Frelimo, at the head of the country ever since independence. Their mastery of donors’ worldviews goes together with the affirmation of a state’s perimeter of competences. In other words, our hypothesis considers these elites as taking part to the transnationalisation of policymaking, but simultaneously as asserting the state as a central actor, in spite of its weak capacities. In a counter-intuitive way, the state domination process can take place in an aid regime, which can even give birth to a (re)deployment of state sovereignty
Catherin, Véronique. "La construction politique des conflits : la contestation du projet autoroutier Balbigny-Lyon (A 89)". Lyon 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO22006.
Texto completoThe contestation of the public policies are more and more frequent when they have some negative consequences on the people's everyday life. National politic of transports, specifically motorway infrastructure, don't escape of this situation, on the contrary. By opposing a public projet, the protesters question the legitimacy of the public action. They take part in public debate and political life. When the administration impose its projects without discussion and justification, the last solution for the citizens to be recognized as legitimate actors is to involve themselves in a conflict against the administration. The contestation of the motorway project "Balbigny-Lyon" constitute an interessant example for studying the conflictual relations between citizens and administration. Two dimensions of this conflict opposing the administration, the citizens and the elects is analysed : first, the cognitive dimension ; second, the strategy of the different protagonists. This analysis has two objectifs : to widen the theories of sociology of mobilization toward approaches of constructivism and interactionism which are not usefull in this scientific field ; to study a conflict in all of his dimension. In this second sense, this work is focused to the protagonist's social representations and to the elaboration of the opponent's tactics
Lemaire, Xavier. "La France en Guyane ou le pouvoir ultra-périphèrique : sociologie de l'action administrative et institution imaginaire de la différence culturelle dans un département français d'Amérique". Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0075.
Texto completoBerumen, Colin Noemi Paulina. "La politique de sécurité alimentaire en Afrique du Sud face aux enjeux sectoriels et territoriaux : la complexité de l'action publique dans un environnement régionalisé illustré par le cas des provinces du KwaZulu-Natal et du Limpopo". Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40035.
Texto completoThe object of this study is the dynamics of intergovernmental relations in South Africa and interactions between players taking part directly in the definition and organization of the food security policy. Through the analysis of public policies approach, we exemplify these dynamics on the basis of a comparative study of food security policies in Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal provinces in South Africa. We give an account of the comings and goings between different levels of the South Africa government, as well as those between the different players and international or national authorities, in the conception and organization of the policies. Thanks to the “prismatic effect” metaphor, our analysis identifies the divergences arousing from these comings and goings between the players, and highlights that their perceptions of the alimentary stakes are influenced and shaped by a series of social, economical and political circumstances which will “send” one or several interpretations of the problem. This leads to a dispersion effect of the original idea of “food security”, according to each player’s representations and references concerning the subject, thus complexifying the definition and organization of public policies. This study, far from setting out categorical conclusions, brings out new questions. It reveals in particular three difficulties that the public policy approach and the multi-level governance pose on a theoretical level and on the praxis level: (1) the opposition of empirical propositions; (2) the opposition between local government authorities and national government authorities in identifying public problems; and (3) the questions about the role of the multi-level governance approach in defining and organizing public policies. This invites us to explore new ways of approaching social facts and drawing the outlines of a social and political order which is yet uncertain
Godard, Olivier. "Environnement et régulation du développement en économie mixte de marché : de l'externalisation à l'intégration institutionnelle en univers controversé". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010020.
Texto completoEnvironmental problems are making economic development patterns questionable. Analyses of public policies reveal the strength of other concepts than the classical scheme of bad static allocation of resources. On the basis of works in the field of self-organisation, the thesis shows than the very concept of the environment has the structure of an "entangled hierarchy" between the meaning coming from the socio-economic system and the meaning coming from the global environment. Self-reference and hetero-reference re combined in the way of shaping issues, particularly in contexts of "controversial universes", that should be clearly distinguished from "stabilized universes" to which neo-classical concepts are more appropriate. A typology of internalisation mechanisms shows their diversity and stresses the value of one particular type, i. E. "contestable legitimacy". The fact that several conflicting systems of justification compete for guiding public action gives way to approach of the choice between policy instruments. Taking account of this legitimacy constraint, a comparison between tax regimes and tradeable permits is undertaken for an international coordination of global warming risks
Saifane, Manal. "Le pilotage de la politique publique de la biodiversité, vers son expérimentation au Liban : transposition des dispositifs français facilitant l'évolution des pratiques en matière de planification urbaine". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL125.
Texto completoWith the aim of supporting Lebanese decision makers in the choice of public environmental policy reforms to take into account biodiversity in urban projects, the ambition of this research is to study the opportunity of transferring existing mechanisms of sustainable development in France to Lebanon. Thus, the purpose of this thesis is to analyze the progressive integration of biodiversity in the planning system. It is about identifying transferable actions to Lebanon with the Benchmarking method. This approach is complemented by an observation of institutional reforms and the implementation modalities of public action. The transposition of mechanisms to Lebanon requires the implementation of diagnosis shared by all stakeholders because the Lebanese context is different : many constraints limit the development of sustainable and efficient planning. Nevertheless, defining a co-led project requires decision makers to adopt a strategic vision of the urban project. This process goes through a concerted phase where a citizen participation involved. As for the mobilization of the stakeholders, it is based on the proposal of innovative approaches that were formulated theoretically and empirically. On the one hand, we introduced the concept of green index allowing stakeholders to assess the environmental quality of a project. On the other hand, we have modeled a city concept, called Soft City, where nature is everywhere in the city, with a view to applying it in Beirut. To facilitate its experimentation, methodological guides and monitoring and evaluation frameworks were developed for the concerned stakeholders in order to encourage them to implement the innovative tools and concepts
Lépori, Mélanie. "Conditions d'habitat, entourage, politiques publiques : l'adaptation des logements des personnes âgées en Europe". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAG012/document.
Texto completoThe consequences of the ageing of Europe’s population ageing are not limited to changes in the population structure. National and European contemporary public policies have been tackling its social and economic implications, particularly in the field of housing. This PhD thesis studies the adjustment of housing to ageing in Europe. To do so, it examines the ways in which both the elderly and public policy-makers take into account the impact of individual ageing on housing and living conditions. Housing adjustments in individuals aged 50 were measured with a focus on housing conditions (type of housing, occupation, and amenities), living conditions and home care. The Danish, French and Spanish cases are most particularly analysed, based on data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Three research questions are addressed : in which countries are adjustments made ? How do individuals adjust ? Who adjusts and when ? Each of these questions is answered with a specific methodology : clustering, trajectory analysis and logistical regressions. Adjustments are shown to be ultimately limited, and mainly focused on the environment. No typical adjustment scheme is identified ; adjustments may or may not be responses to needs in terms of health or household size
Guerlet, Grégory. "La gestion des ports par une entite publique : aspects européens et environnementaux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Littoral, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DUNK0347.
Texto completoIn the past shelters for ships in iniquity, harbours true port places consisting of industrialo-port zones became. Doors were opened on the world, harbours are in the middle of the trades of States and constitute a not negligible trump in the foreign trade of these. Different laws and port reforms led the French legislator and the port actors to refocus the missions of each within the port place so that our harbours achieve the challenge of the competition imposed by our neighbours of the Benelux notably, and also answer the environmental pressures which Europe imposes on harbours. In France, harbours always have were considered to be utility with a duality which was translated by an administrative service for regalian missions and an industrial and commercial service for the more commercial missions. The French vision of the port public service appears since then outdated and France owes adapt to a harmonization of the management of its harbours in European norms. The reform of 2008 transferred tools to private firms, allowing the harbours to reorganize itself around development and management. It is necessary to consider the harbour as in the center of the chain of the commercial transport and an integrated management of these last appears necessary, implicating a development of our harbours side earths up, with of the Earth, fluvial and rail services which will be an answer to competition. The multimodality of harours is a working which France must set up and is under way of building, with a catch in count of environmentin the middle of every plan. France disposes big facede coastal region here not much or badly exploited. Port policy begins becoming one of the preferences of the national leaders and will allow in France of (re)to find itsmaritime vocation which for the time being too much for a long time ignored
Boccarossa, Alexandra. "Surveiller et agir : le rôle du territoire dans la mobilisation et la mise en oeuvre d’un réseau de suivi de la qualité des cours d’eau bretons (1992-2017)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/2018theseBoccarossaA.pdf.
Texto completoSince the establishment of the first national waterways and rivers quality monitoring in 1971, several types of measures coexist at the drainage basin scale: on the one hand, the monitoring networks supported by the State services; on theother hand, the water quality monitoring of the drainage basin (SQE-BV) provided by decentralized actors. The acquisition of complementary knowledge on water from the field measurement has accompanied the evolution of local practices of water management, in a different way depending on the regions, the basins and sub-basins. Thanks to the regulatory constraint and a State-Region partnership, Breton waterways have been the subject of a highly developed surveillance policy. This approach was motivated in the 1990s because of the urgency to act in front of a greater pollution visibility. This thesis illustrates the regionalised approach by several case studies, including that of the precursor basin of Yvel-Yvet. The whole thesis, based on the study of these local follow-ups and on a temporality of more than twenty years, mobilizes the concept of instrument of public action to explain the stages, the socio-political motivations and the implementation scales of this territorialized policy of regaining water quality
Rousseau, Thomas. "Politiques et techniques de l’éclairage public pour répondre aux enjeux du développement durable en France : Acteurs, mutations et impacts urbains". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0101.
Texto completoThe importance of having a nocturnal look on the city and of integrating artificial lighting into the urban landscape is growing at the same time as the need for a more pleasant environment in the city favouring social cohesion. At the same time, the particularly difficult social and economic climate and the ever stronger environmental considerations are forcing society and town councils to change faced with the stakes and new paradigms which are essential. In this context, urban lighting requires new approaches in the same way as the optimization of public policies devoted to transport, waste or water management. The nocturnal development in the cities cristallizes the multiple stakes and needs for change concerning the development of cultural heritage, consideration of practices, the comfort of public space, the support for cultural events, urban marking, the cost control of plans or preserving the night sky. To meet the needs and better articulate street lighting, it is imperative to take into consideration the stakes concerning the durability of street lighting. Local authorities have to find less functionalist and more qualitative approaches. It is a case of moving from street lighting to the development of urban lighting. This brings up certain questions. What are the policies and techniques of street lighting set up to meet the requirements of sustainable development ? What are the stakes ? In what way is it important to take them into account in the current socioeconomic context ? What approaches and strategies are being put into action ? Who are the key players to meet these stakes ? Are they the same ones over the whole country? Do they meet the requirements of long-term lighting ? Based on a survey of around one hundred towns in metropolitan France, our work aims at a better understanding of the consideration of durability in the public policies of lighting which seem mainly guided by economic strategies and the will to meet the requirements of the « economic » section of sustainable development. At the same time, the human and social dimension of sustainability in public lighting seems to be developing with an ever growing consideration for practices in the cities. We shall see that the tendencies of public policies on lighting are changing. What new ideas are spreading around ? What are the impacts on the city and the way of developing it ? This work also allows us to remind ourselves of the importance of lighting management in public policies and of the place of the users. The tendencies accepted by the town councils do not seem to be dictated either by the technical offer and the manufacturers or by the price of energy but rather by a combined mix of nocturnal issues depending on the size of the town, urban policies and the geographical, cultural and economic context
Juteau-Martineau, Guilhem. "Quand les instruments de participation reconduisent l'incapacité politique : le cas de la régulation sociale et environnementale des activités pétrolières en Équateur". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://dante.univ-tlse2.fr/id/eprint/7252.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we study the social (Reynaud, 1987, 1991) and environmental regulation of oil activities in the Ecuadorian Amazon, through two case studies: the parishes of Pacayacu and Dayuma, where oil exploitation begins in the mid-1970s. From the 1990s, a series of publications (Little, 1992, UPPSAE, 1992, Kimerling, 1993, CESR, 1994, San Sebastian, 2000) links petroleum activities to different environmental, health and socio-cultural impacts. Their mediatization forces the state and oil companies to adopt a series of social and environmental standards. Recently, a series of instruments of institutionalized political participation claim to integrate local populations in the environmental regulation of oil activities. In this thesis, we study the implementation of these norms and their effects on the capacities of populations located in the area of influence of oil activities to collectively reduce their overall vulnerability (Wilches-Chaux, 1989). The historical evolution of the structural vulnerability of populations, particularly economic and social, leads to the diversion of environmental standards from their primary objective (right to a healthy environment): on the one hand, people accept pollution in exchange for punctual economic and social favors granted by the companies; on the other hand companies agree to run off a portion of the oil profits to ensure social peace. We show that under the guise of reform, the new instruments (Lascoumes, Le Gales, 2012) fulfill a function of "socialwashing", staging the social acceptance of oil activities by the populations with the aim of producing an image effect (social participation) in the service of promoting the expansion of the oil border in new territories
Rousseau, Thomas. "Politiques et techniques de l’éclairage public pour répondre aux enjeux du développement durable en France : Acteurs, mutations et impacts urbains". Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0101.
Texto completoThe importance of having a nocturnal look on the city and of integrating artificial lighting into the urban landscape is growing at the same time as the need for a more pleasant environment in the city favouring social cohesion. At the same time, the particularly difficult social and economic climate and the ever stronger environmental considerations are forcing society and town councils to change faced with the stakes and new paradigms which are essential. In this context, urban lighting requires new approaches in the same way as the optimization of public policies devoted to transport, waste or water management. The nocturnal development in the cities cristallizes the multiple stakes and needs for change concerning the development of cultural heritage, consideration of practices, the comfort of public space, the support for cultural events, urban marking, the cost control of plans or preserving the night sky. To meet the needs and better articulate street lighting, it is imperative to take into consideration the stakes concerning the durability of street lighting. Local authorities have to find less functionalist and more qualitative approaches. It is a case of moving from street lighting to the development of urban lighting. This brings up certain questions. What are the policies and techniques of street lighting set up to meet the requirements of sustainable development ? What are the stakes ? In what way is it important to take them into account in the current socioeconomic context ? What approaches and strategies are being put into action ? Who are the key players to meet these stakes ? Are they the same ones over the whole country? Do they meet the requirements of long-term lighting ? Based on a survey of around one hundred towns in metropolitan France, our work aims at a better understanding of the consideration of durability in the public policies of lighting which seem mainly guided by economic strategies and the will to meet the requirements of the « economic » section of sustainable development. At the same time, the human and social dimension of sustainability in public lighting seems to be developing with an ever growing consideration for practices in the cities. We shall see that the tendencies of public policies on lighting are changing. What new ideas are spreading around ? What are the impacts on the city and the way of developing it ? This work also allows us to remind ourselves of the importance of lighting management in public policies and of the place of the users. The tendencies accepted by the town councils do not seem to be dictated either by the technical offer and the manufacturers or by the price of energy but rather by a combined mix of nocturnal issues depending on the size of the town, urban policies and the geographical, cultural and economic context
Zéroual, Thomas. "Les politiques de transport durable peuvent-elles favoriser un transport de marchandises propre ? : une application au commerce de détail de la région Nord-Pas-de-Calais". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL12008.
Texto completoRelated to the growing transport's externalities, more and more criticizecl, mainh for freight transport policies have graduallv taken into account new targets in terms of sustainable development. Because of the low improvement concerning environmental externalities for freight transport. we wonder if the sustainable freight transport policies are able to achieve their goals. Our thesis wants to highlight the role of the underlying theories in the weak results of the sustainable freight transport policies. The main hvpothesis of this thesis is that the public policies select specific actions or measures according to a particu]ar representation of the problems that is always Iinked to a theoretical framework. This theoretical framework influences the goals and the political tools of the sustainable freight transport policies. However, this orientation can explain the difficulties of the sustainable freight transport policies to reduce environmental externalities. The stake is thus to put the stress on the underlving theories in the sustainable freight transport policies and their links with the resu]ts
Tietzmann, e. Silva José Antônio. "Vers un droit pour les établissements humains durables". Limoges, 2007. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/57051f81-0679-40f2-8c91-74257de437f6/blobholder:0/2007LIMO1009.pdf.
Texto completoThis thesis proposes a new legal frame, able to establish the concept of sustainable human settlement (according to UN notion), comparing Brazilian and French urban, environment and land use law
Guerlet, Grégory. "La gestion des ports par une entite publique : aspects européens et environnementaux". Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00983306.
Texto completoRivere, Marc. "Socio-histoire du vélo dans l'espace urbain : d'une écologie politique à une économie médiatique… : Toulouse, Genève, Saragosse". Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20030.
Texto completoWhile it used to be quaint and unsuitable, it is now in free service and fashionable… Bicycles' recent renewal in urban spaces is the result of a process which was initiated during the 1970s under the influence of activists who claimed their belonging to the environmental wing of politics. This study seeks to understand how this « cause » was born and was then given recognition to eventually benefit to the new actors who, themselves, now vary its usages. As an entity which only makes sense in the public sphere, that is which claims a transformation of this very space and of its use to assert itself as a part of it, the bicycle highlights the enduring mutation of cities and of those who initiate it. Deliberately focusing on three cities where apathy towards a reconsideration of cars supremacy still dominates should help us understand the major role played by political, cultural, historical and economical facts in each city. Thus, studying the bicycle cause emphasises the contemporary expression of an ever changing society and allows a deeper comprehension of the evolutions of the public space for the past thirty years
Rode, Sylvain. "Au risque du fleuve. La territorialisation de la politique de prévention du risque d'inondation en Loire moyenne". Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00444166.
Texto completoCaurla, Sylvain. "Modélisation de la filière forêt-bois françaiseÉvaluation des impacts des politiques climatiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AGPT0006.
Texto completoThis PhD thesis addresses the issue of assessing the impacts of various climate policies on the French forest sector. It starts from the observation that, in France, most climate policies are based upon the stimulation of additional fuelwood consumption through bottom-up processes. Besides assessing the economic and environmental impacts of these fuelwood policies, we also analyze the impacts of two alternatives climate policies : a policy based upon carbon sequestration in forest and a policy to stimulate the forest sector through a top-down carbon tax policy. In order to test these policies, we develop a bio-economic model of the French sector called French forest sector model (FFSM). It contains two interconnected modules: the economic module represents the economy of the national forest sector in a partial equilibrium framework while the biological module represents the French forest resources dynamics. FFSM takes into account the consumption of 6 final products, the production of 3 primary products and represents tradesbetween the 22 French administrative regions and between France and the rest of the world. From FFSM, we assess the economic effectiveness of policies by interpreting policies costs and by measuring the impacts on the sector through economic variables. We also assess the environmental effectiveness by comparing their carbon balances and their impacts on the forest resource dynamics
Waciega, Kamila Olga. "Regional policies of decarbonisation in Europe : case of Silesia in Poland and Nord-Pas-de-Calais in France". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0012.
Texto completoThe object of the study is a comparative examination of two regions' adaptation to the new political, legal and financial context that results from the development and extension of the EU integration in the field of energy and climate change – or decarbonisation agenda. The ‘usages’ refer to stakeholders’ ability and willingness to take advantage of the European opportunities and constraints provided to them to shape national (and in this case regional) policies. In addition to the intentional dimensions ‘usages’ also cover the actual practices observed in each region. We search to determine to what extent the ability of the regional executives to mobilise EU resources for the purpose of pursuing their strategies in the field of decarbonisation depends on whether they are situated in an ‘old’ or a ‘new’ member state of the EU. We attempt to assess to what extent their ability to innovate and to organise a territorial resilience is related to the East/West divide.The analysis is conduced on two case studies: two European regions that are today major CO2 emitters, because they are still industrialized, densely populated, they host energy production sites, and their housing requires deep and extensive thermal renovation. Two regions in Europe appeared particularly fitting that description, and cumulate all disadvantages (as regards the importance of CO2 emissions). Upper Silesia in Poland and Nord-Pas-de-Calais in France can still be considered as industrialized territories that can be compared in a “new/old” member state of the EU perspective. The present research looks at differences in usages in the two case studies. We search for pertinent explanatory variables for those divergences to be found in each region’s past, deconstructed in institutional, interest-related and ideational components. We place our model in a path-dependence perspective and we look at how it is relevant in a regional setting