Tesis sobre el tema "Politique publique d'innovation"
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DUEZ, STEPHANE. "L'evolution des politiques publiques d'innovation vers la definition de strategies regionales de developpement : le cas du programme technologique regional textiles techniques". Lille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL20009.
Texto completoThe innovation public policies have known since nearly 10 years a profound change both in the definition and in the management. A consensus is going to be formed in the definition of these policies at a local level. From this notion of technological programme, the nord-pas de calais regional council set up an alternative framework of intervention for the sector-related development in order to increase the relationships between science, technology and market of a given area. A first experimentation was setted up by nord-pas de calais regional council in industrial textiles area. The first part of this thesis is to show how the definition of these policies has move from a national level to a regional level. Two explanation factors are developed in the first part of this thesis : the first is linked to the characterization of innovation processus, the second one is linked to the mutation of institutional framework, in particular by the decentralization phenomenon in a european construction context. The second part of this thesis is to test the pertinence of the technological programme to a local scale throughout the notion of "network" which has two levels. In a first time, we will test the pertinence of this new technology in terms of "objective-network", that is to say "the technico-economic network" to a local scale and to show the different strategies of development opposite to the different experimentations developed in the other french areas or regions. In a second time, we will test the pertinence of this technology in terms of institutional partnership. We will talk about "operational network". We will study the consequences of this evolution in an infra-regional level and inter-regional level
Tassone, Laurence. "La production de connaissances à travers des accords interinstitutionnels de coopération de recherche". Aix-Marseille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX24003.
Texto completoHammoud-Chobert, Serghinia. "Les partenariats d'innovation en droit de la commande publique". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0491.
Texto completoPublic procurement is being seen increasingly as an instrument of innovation policy. With this in mind, the new 2014 European Union directives on public procurement introduces a new public procurement contract of « innovation partnership », has tranposed into national law by decree n° 2014-1097 of 26 september 2014, which concerns simplification measures applicable to public procurement contracts. This new market combines the researche and purchase innovative product, service or works and that are unavailable on the market. This present work aims firstly to demonstrate the contractual originality of the innovation partenschip approaching the economic and competitive reality of the market and, on the other hand the illusion of a novelty in the public procurement procedures, insofar as this procedure approximates the existing procedures notably the competitive dialogue and the former markets negotialted with publicity and competitive tendering. Similarly, the innovation partnerschip raises many questions of legal status of intellectual property, the distribution of risk, and so on, and the introduction of a genuine innovation procedure of fluidfication of the procurement of innovative public procurement
Saboya, Vargas Francisco. "La modernisation de l'État comme solution à la crise : le cas colombien". Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010254.
Texto completoMonjon, Stéphanie. "Les dimensions temporelles, informationnelles et stratégiques des comportements d'innovation : approches empiriques et théoriques". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010065.
Texto completoAssielou, N'Doli. "Évaluation des processus d'innovation". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL111N/document.
Texto completoInnovation represents a vital process for companies to insure their development. Several actions and new strategies are implemented by companies to increase their performances and so face market requirements. A good knowledge of both the innovation process and the company organization is necessary to allow the top management to manage them effectively and to adapt them to the challenges and the changes in their environment. Consequently, it is important for the companies to have tools and methods to measure continuously their innovation activities. The objective of our research is to suggest a framework to measure innovation capacities of companies based on a set of fifteen innovation practices, each practice is subdivided into several criteria which are directly observable phenomena in company. The methodological approach is based on the multicriteria aggregation method and the use of statistical notion of value-test to propose a typology of innovative companies of four classes (proactive, preactive, reactive and passive). An experimental study was led on a sample group of twenty French industrial companies. A software implementing our methodological proposition was developed. It allows to analyze and to estimate the innovative processes of a set of companies, to allocate them to a class and to give them recommendations for the relevant actions to follow to increase their innovation potential. This research proposes an effective decision-aid tool that helps in the innovation management
Baier, Elisabeth Claudia. "Les entreprises multinationales dans les systèmes régionaux d'innovation : facteurs d'attraction et mécanismes d'intégration". Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/BAIER_Elisabeth_Claudia_2011.pdf.
Texto completoInternationalisation tendencies are increasingly observable for R&D functions of multinational enterprises (MNEs) impacting innovation strategies as well as knowledge generation in MNEs. Nonetheless, MNEs are still underrepresented in many theories of regional innovative activity. The present work is devoted to explain mutual influences between MNEs and regional innovation networks during innovation processes and thus to enhance the understanding of the role of MNEs in regional innovation systems. The spatial-temporal concept of embeddedness serves as analytical framework to integrate the multi-territoriality of corporate network structures and regional network structures. An analytical framework integrates different research perspectives and allows to analyses of the integration of MNEs in regional innovation networks through the identification of attraction factors and interaction mechanisms between regional and organisational learning. Due to the complexity a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods is chosen. The attractiveness of regions for MNEs is influenced by national framework conditions and regional patterns alike, highlighting the importance of vertical policy coordination. The development of tailored policy instruments for the attraction of FDI in R&D should be suitable to accommodate regional characteristics and organisational peculiarities. Managers from MNEs and regional actors can contribute to the development of durable relationships and support the integration of R&D functions of MNEs in regional innovation systems. Although MNEs are global actors with complex multilayered organisational structures that seem to defy the logic of embeddedness, corporate R&D functions can be territorially embedded to a certain degree without hampering corporate success and regional development perspectives
Internationalisierungstendenzen sind zunehmend für wissensintensive Unternehmensaktivitäten von multinationalen Unternehmen (MNU) wie beispielsweise Forschung und Entwicklung (FuE) zu beobachten und beeinflussen spürbar die innovationsstrategien von MNU sowie die generierung von unternehmensrelevantem wissen. Jedoch sind MNU als wichtige forschungsobjekte in den arbeiten zur regionalen innovationsforschung immer noch unterrepräsentiert. Diese arbeit verfolgt daher das ziel, zum besseren verständnis der rolle der MNU in regionalen innovationssystemen beizutragen. Der ansatz der embeddedness dient hierbei als analytischer rahmen der multiterritorialität, der hilft, die unternehmenseigenen sowie die regionalen netzwerkstrukturen integriert zu erfassen. Ein für diese arbeit entworfener analytischer rahmen integriert die verschiedenen forschungsperspektiven und ermöglicht es, die integration von FuE-Einheiten von MNU in regionale innovationsnetzwerke zu untersuchen. Dabei wird der interaktion zwischen regionalem und organisationalem lernen besondere aufmerksamkeit geschenkt und die integrationsmechanismen und attrahierungspotenziale analysiert. Die attraktivität von regionen für MNU wird sowohl von nationalen rahmenbedingungen als auch von regionalen bedingungen beeinflusst, was die bedeutung der vertikalen politikkoordination unterstreicht. Die entwicklung von maßgeschneiderten politikinstrumenten, um regionen für ausländische direktinvestitionen attraktiv zu machen, sollte sowohl regionale eigenheiten als auch MNU-spezifische charakteristika berücksichtigen. Was wiederum bedeutet, das manager von MNU und regionale akteure gleichermaßen zur entwicklung von beiderseitig gewinnbringenden beziehungen beitragen können und so die integration von FuE-Einheiten von MNU in regionale innovationsnetzwerke unterstützen. Obwohl MNU globale akteure mit komplexen mehrschichtigen organisationsstrukturen sind und somit der logik der embeddedness auf den ersten blick zu widersprechen scheinen, können bestimmte unternehmenseinheiten – wie beispielsweise FuE-Einheiten – zu einem gewissen grad territorial eingebettet werden, ohne den unternehmenserfolg oder regionale entwicklungsperspektiven zu behindern
Bretagne, Valérie. "Les Ateliers d'insertion par la pratique artistique (Adipa) : entre instrument d'insertion traditionnelle et source d'innovation sociale". Thesis, Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN21014/document.
Texto completoThe thesis relates to the intervention of artists in the workshops of social integration. A theoretical anchoring interactionnist makes it possible to show in what the traditional model of insertion is destabilized by the presence of artists. The material collected is of a qualitative nature. The questioned actors gather tribunitiens (carrying change), the ambivalents (oscillating between tradition and innovation) and of the conservatives (being opposed to the change). The first part shows in what the tribunitiens disturb the values and the standards of traditional insertion. The second part shows in what they disturb the practices and the modes of control. The third part is centered on the type of innovation proposed by the carriers of the change. While the ambivalent ones propose the development of a cultural insertion perceived like a new hopper, the tribunitiens propose the emergence of a citizen insertion. But if this last proposal opens alternatives to the statics of the system, it is also carrying a utopian form which, if it passed in a state of social practice legitimate, could reinforce the process of marginalisation of the recipients of the social assistance
Vavakova, Blanka. "La science de la Nation ? : les paradoxes politiques de la logique économique". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999IEPP0009.
Texto completoThis thesis seeks to explain changes underway in the relationship between the state, science and industry in France and to analyze the consequences of these changes for the national system of research and more particuiariy for researchers within it. Its point of departure is the research policy adopted by the French socialist government in 1982. In keeping with the view prevalent within the OECD at that time, that science plays a central role in the competitiveness of enterprises and hence of nations, this policy aimed at (i) the mobilization of public research in the service of industry, (ii) the creation of a role for France's regions in ensuring the integration of scientific research into the regional development process, and (iii) the stregthening of the national science and technology base through the promotion of European R&D cooperation programmes. The impact and significance of France's research policy, however, cannot be understood in isolation from two parallel processes that have shaped its outcome - decentralization and the opening to foreign investment it is thus, that the republican slogan "science in the service of the nation , which to then had characterized the relationship between the state, research and industry in France, has begun to loose its meaning as new political (regions, Europe) and economic actors (multinational corporations) emerge with their own power and interests
Oliveira, Xavier Sabrina. "La thèse CIFRE : Etude pluridisciplinaire d'un instrument juridique au service de la politique de recherche et d'innovation dans une approche Franco-Brésilienne". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALD001.
Texto completoThe objective of this thesis was to conduct a multidisciplinary study of a legal instrument, CIFRE device at the service of research and innovation policy in a Franco-Brazilian approach. Our ambition was to understand the contractual set of the CIFRE device, which fits into a complex ecosystem, and which is made up of several actors (government / business / university / doctoral student). These actors belong to universes far from each other and have distinct characteristics such as, for example, divergent vocabularies and different perspectives vis-à-vis the device. This choice led us to carry out an in-depth and systematic study, which includes agreements and labor low (a universe in constant evolution), in addition a meticulous analysis of the positioning of this device vis-à-vis RD&I policies in the era of the knowledge society has been achieved. In addition, we have added to our research work the CIFRE / Brazil project, implemented in 2013, which strengthens the long and fruitful scientific and technological interaction between our two countries. This integration made our study even more complex because we found ourselves faced with a system that extended to the international field. Finally, to complete this already well-supplied scenario, we analyzed Brazilian initiatives in the stricto sensu industrial. The method used for this doctoral work is based on theoretical and practical studies which, through “upstream” and “downstream” feedback, feed into the contractual engineering of the CIFRE device (nutrition in loop). This configuration adopted to carry out this doctoral study made it possible to conclude that the contractual set of the CIFRE device fulfills its role well since its creation in 1981, however faced with the current conjuncture of multi-actor production based on the knowledge society, several points deserve special attention (points of vigilance). The studies carried out on the CIFRE / Brazil project allow us to affirm that it accommodates the same legal questions as the CIFRE device, with the ensuing implications in the contractual clauses, however it also has administrative complications. It should be noted that a good understanding of the CIFRE and CIFRE / Brazil systems offers Brazilian initiatives in the stricto sensu industrial (Master and Professional Doctorate - CAPES and Academic Doctorate for Innovation - DAI / CNPq) good opportunities for improvement. This allows this doctoral work to present an exhaustive study of the device (theoretical and practical analysis) by providing a vision of the contractual whole and by signaling the points of dysfunction and their possibilities for improvement. The conclusions which are presented are, therefore, very important contributions for Brazilian initiatives in the stricto sensu industrial, because they make it possible to inform the Brazilian public authorities on the possibilities of improving existing programs in order to achieve efficiency, traceability and the employability of the CIFRE device
Benaim, Mickaël. "Gouvernance et politiques de science en région : une approche multi-acteurs et multi-niveaux". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842827.
Texto completoTissioui, Mohamed. "La dynamique du processus de structuration des métiers dans un contexte d'innovation : Cas des métiers de soins médicaux". Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN0669.
Texto completoTavner, Bastien. "L'innovation centrée usagers dans la cité par projets : ethnographie de l'appropriation d'une consigne plurivoque dans le secteur numérique : le cas du programme PACA Labs". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENST0037.
Texto completoBased on the longitudinal study of four projects, this thesis examine the impact of user-centered innovation development by analyzing the collective trajectories compelled by the instruction − common but ambiguous − that invites the project teams to involve “real users” in the innovation process. By referring on intersected contributions in sociology of innovation and sociology of the uses of ICTs, I explore more specifically the strategies of enrolment, the protocols for interact with users and the different ways to categorize the users that the actors choose to describe the innovation process and try to control it. Focused on the development of socio-marketable products and services, these projects place on users various purposes and matters of concern that are unevenly distributed in the project teams. Beyond the specific proofs in each trajectory, this thesis aims to challenge the possibility of developing an innovation more “participative” in the short-term world of the Projects-oriented Cité
Cabanel, Cédric. "Le système régional d'innovation de la région PACA : vulnérabilité et résilience territoriale dans un contexte ante et post crise économique". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0036.
Texto completoDuring the 2007-2012 period, the world went through a period of multiple crises with devastating social and economic effects. This context has reinforced the role of innovation as a vector for recovery, which should restore the economic climate and meet new social and environmental challenges. However, these activities have themselves known heterogeneous impacts and trajectories, pushing them to certain mutations which depend in particular on the specificities of their territories of establishment.Thus, this thesis questions the evolution of innovation in the PACA region through the concept of system and in times of crisis. It is a question of observing the role of public authorities on the innovation process, especially in the face of a moment of crisis that can trigger multiple processes of vulnerability and territorial resilience.The example of high-tech sectors, metropolitan areas and new places of innovation, testify to the complexity of the crisis process. They illustrate the difficulty for public authorities to intervene globally and judiciously
Bonnet, Clément. "L'innovation dans les technologies de l'énergie bas-carbone : analyses théoriques et évaluations empiriques". Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100177/document.
Texto completoInnovation in low-carbon energy technologies (LCETs) is impeded by externalities on the environment on the one hand, and on knowledge on the other hand. These market failures need to be addressed through public policies. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the conditions for effectiveness of policies aiming at supporting innovation in LCETs. It does so by having recourse to theoretical analyses in conjunction with empirical assessments. The thesis is structured into five chapters. Chapter 1 questions the need to implement innovation policies specifically dedicated to LCETs — as opposed to neutral innovation policies that do not discriminate between these technologies and other technologies. A review of the economic instruments that have been implemented is proposed and indicates the predominance of a demand-pull approach — over a supply-push approach — to support innovation in LCETs. Chapter 2 evaluates the effects of demand-pull support instruments by conducting a counterfactual analysis to determine the extent to which the diffusion of wind power in six European countries is imputable to these instruments. Chapter 3 develops an econometrical method aiming at providing a robust measure of the produced knowledge that pertains to LCETs. A common latent factor model is used to estimate the quality of inventions that have been patented by six countries between 1980 and 2010 in fifteen low-carbon energy technologies. Chapter 4 revisits the question of the optimal design of a patent system when specifically dedicated to a process invention, whose reward depends on the pricing of environmental externalities. Chapter 5 summarizes our results and articulates key issues and messages
Rochet, Claude. "L'innovation, une affaire d'Etat? : piloter la réforme face à la troisième révolution industrielle". Phd thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00070834.
Texto completoThe main hypothesis of this research relies on the discrepancy between the evolution of the state and that of the other components of the socio-economic system as a factor of nations competitiveness. By adopting an evolutionist and historical perspective, the state is analyzed as an actor of the nations' evolution in their ability to absorb technological progress. The framework relies on the northian distinction between organizations and institutions, focusing on innovation's dynamics within public institutions and organizations. Both are analyzed as adaptive systems co-evolving in two temporal dimensions: the braudelian long-term since the Renaissance, and the present short-term of the information technologies revolution. The first part focuses on innovation as a socio-economic process stepping from disruption to continuities. Chapter I put in perspective the evolution of the state and of the technology. Chapter II analyzes what is at stake with the information technologies revolution. Chapter III assesses the role of the state and its evolution in the history of Great Britain and the US. The second part studies what are the possibilities for the state to get transformed (chapter I) drawing on an assessment on the New Public Management movement. The analyze goes on organizations (chapter II) through a comparison between cases of organizational transformation in France and in the US. A compared analysis between the ongoing institutional change in the budgetary framework in France and Canada allows to assess how to link institutional and organizational transformation. As a conclusion, the steering of such a reform appear to be socially feasible and technically mature, but suffers from a lag of evolution at the institutional level where politicians and mainstreams ideas dally in integrating the parameters of the third industrial revolution paradigm
Grégoris, Marie-Thérèse. "Toulouse : de la métropole à la technopole". Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20043.
Texto completoCapitale régionale en 1960, Toulouse est désignée comme une métropole en 1990. Le processus qui a fait évoluer l'économie urbaine fondée sur des fonctions administratives et commerciales vers des fonctions de conception dure trente ans. Il est provoqué par des facteurs et nourri par des dynamiques urbaines qui diffèrent selon les grandes périodes d'évolution du système productif. Au cours des années soixante, les politiques locales et nationales d'encadrement de la croissance ouvrent la ville a l'industrie. La biographie d'un maire expansionniste, le déroulement des implantations des industries électroniques et du complexe aérospatial, dus à la politique d'aménagement du territoire, montrent comment s'insèrent les greffons de la future technopole. Au cours des années soixante-dix, les effets de la crise, les comportements sociaux reconnus dans la périurbanisation entrainent des dynamiques économiques municipales dans la banlieue. Dans ces lieux, apparaissent les parcs d'activités, précurseurs des technopoles. Au début des années quatre-vingts, la mutation du système productif suscite l'émergence de nouvelles technologies. A Toulouse, des ingénieurs-chercheurs, formes dans les établissements de l'électronique, de l'aéronautique, du spatial créent des petites entreprises qui investissent ces créneaux d'activités. .
Worack, Stephan. "Indigenous invention, M&A, and international collaboration : essays on China's rise to innovation". Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E054.
Texto completoThe subject of this doctoral thesis revolves around the analysis of China’s policies, foreign direct investment, and international collaboration with regard to innovation. Chapter one, co-written with Ilja Rudyk, explores the rise of Chinese inventions in Europe, China’s innovation policies, and assesses their effect with regard to domestic ownership in strategic technologies through the lens of European patent data. Further, our methodology allows for an assessment of effects of the policies on characteristics of the patents, reflecting their quality. Chapter two, joint work with Anthony Howell and Jia Lin, investigates the effects of Chinese cross-border mergers and acquisitions on the domestic innovation activities and financial performance of the firms engaging in such foreign direct investment. The third chapter addresses the relationship between international collaboration and patent quality through an analysis of Chinese patent applications in Europe. It investigates the pattern of Chinese international co-inventions in Europe and scrutinizes the role cross-border co-invention play for the quality of Chinese overseas patent applications. It thereby contributes to the understanding of China’s internationalization and technological catch-up
Park, Jiyeon. "Aménagement du territoire, levier de développement durable : étude comparée des systèmes d'innovation français et sud-coréens dans le processus de métropolisation". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG036.
Texto completoThe development of a Metropolis is very often associated with the construction of a vast territory, which limits it to the simple search for a pertinent perimeter or level. It implies, however, much more. The French intercommunality, that opens up to various forms of cooperation between different territorial entities, is an interesting approach in this respect. France is, indeed, often presented aborad as an example of cooperation and of decentralization, especially in countries with a strong centralizing tradition, such as South Korea. In this perspective, we will carry out comparative case studies mirroring the process of metropolisation in France and in South Korea. Our study seeks to illustrate how to structure the innovation system (IS) according to the co-construction scheme PAS, making it possible, among otherthings, to co-create an ecosystem of exchange, sharing and arbitration -and thus serving as a driving force and optimizing force in an urban system of specialization. Finally, our study aims at orienting spatial planning towards the integrated approach of sustainable development
Taupin, Louise. "Condition du passage à l'échelle d'une startup deeptech : gérer la conception du patrimoine de création". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPSLM074.
Texto completoFaced with contemporary social and environmental challenges, supporting the emergence of technological innovations is a path worth exploring. The new technologies developed by deep tech start-up carry the ambition to address these issues, on a large scale. However, the conditions for their deployment and the mechanisms for managing design efforts in the scale-up phase are still not well understood. By approaching the scaling-up of deep tech start-up through the theories and methods developed in the field of design, this thesishighlights that deep tech start-up shape their creative heritage during this scale-up phase. Based on three intervention-research projects implemented within deep tech start-up, this research provides a new condition for scaling-up management and offers recommendations to public authorities so as to best deploy the potential impact of these start-up
Hurdebourcq, Philippe. "L'innovation institutionnelle territoriale au service du développement économique : tentative de modélisation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1103.
Texto completoSince the end of the Fordist system, numerous researchers have researched the reasons for which some French territories managed to overcome the systemic crises to which they were subject whereas others did not. Paradoxically, whereas all of them developed within similar economic, social and institutional contexts, they have shown that the resilience of some resulted directly from endogenous factors. Local [characteristics], far from being absorbed by globalisation, have on the contrary appeared as a defence against the trend towards uniformity and a factor in competitiveness for firms. However, the meso economic approach underlying these analyses assumes that the territory can itself initiate a dynamic of coordination by its agents, whether they belong to the public or the private sphere, and can encourage them to integrate collaborative policies. However, these virtuous principles, creating value for firms and bringing cohesion to the territories themselves, cannot become effective unless individuals, business leaders, institutional managers and their staff accept these principles and agree to devote time and resources to them.However, our experience demonstrates relative ignorance on the part of actors liable to be concerned. The challenges and constraints relating to each tend, on the contrary, to be a barrier. That is why our research, based on in-depth testimony collected from the principal local actors aims to offer keys for ensuring the application of these meso concepts to the micro economic reality of these territories, with the aim of enabling them to apply and to benefit in concrete terms from the main principles of the territorial economy