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Halim, Wandy y Franky Liauw. "GALERI EDUKASI PLASTIK DENGAN PENDEKATAN METODE PERANCANGAN PLASTIS". Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 3, n.º 2 (3 de febrero de 2022): 1361. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v3i2.12297.
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In human life, waste is a problem that will inevitably become, and will never end. This waste problem is caused by high human consumptive behavior. Plastic waste is one of the waste problems that need serious attention because the problem of plastic waste has become a global environmental problem. To be able to overcome this large plastic waste, it takes speed in absorbing plastic waste and its use in the field of processing because plastic waste is waste that is very difficult to decompose. In Indonesia, public awareness and knowledge of plastic waste are still very lacking, so that the processing of plastic waste is still not optimal. RE-Plastic Gallery is a plastic educational gallery facility that applies the plastis design method. This plastis design method takes the nature of the plastic itself, namely plastis which means it is easy to form. With this plastis nature, plastis forms, plastis spaces, and plastis activities will be applied to the design of educational galleries. People's view of plastic waste will be changed through interactive exhibition activities, ranging from exhibitions on what plastic is, the impact of plastic on the environment, plastic artworks, plastic products, to research results on plastics aimed at fighting plastic waste. That way, people who initially dispose of plastic waste will hunt for plastic waste because they are aware that plastic is useful, valuable, profitable, and also fun.Keywords: educational gallery; plastic; plastis design method AbstrakDalam kehidupan manusia di dunia, permasalahan sampah merupakan permasalahan yang pasti akan dialami, dan tidak akan pernah ada habisnya. Permasalahan sampah ini disebabkan oleh tingginya perilaku konsumtif manusia. Sampah plastik merupakan salah satu masalah sampah yang perlu mendapat perhatian yang serius karena masalah sampah plastik ini sudah menjadi masalah lingkungan skala global. Untuk dapat mengatasi sampah plastik yang besar ini, dibutuhkan kecepatan dalam menyerap sampah plastik dan pemanfaatannya dalam bidang pengolahan karena sampah plastik merupakan sampah yang sangat sulit untuk terurai. Di Indonesia, kesadaran dan pengetahuan masyarakat akan sampah plastik masih sangatlah kurang, sehingga pengolahan sampah plastik ini masih belum maksimal. RE-Plastic Gallery merupakan fasilitas galeri edukasi plastik yang menerapkan metode perancangan plastis. Metode perancangan plastis ini mengambil sifat dari plastik itu sendiri yaitu plastis yang berarti mudah untuk dibentuk. Dengan sifat plastis ini, akan diterapkan bentuk yang plastis, ruang yang plastis, dan kegiatan yang plastis pada desain galeri edukasi. Pandangan masyarakat mengenai sampah plastik akan diubah melalui kegiatan pameran yang interaktif, mulai dari pameran mengenai apa itu plastik, dampak plastik ke lingkungan, karya-karya seni plastik, produk-produk plastik, hingga hasil-hasil penelitian mengenai plastik yang bertujuan untuk memerangi sampah plastik. Dengan begitu masyarakat yang pada awalnya membuang sampah plastik akan memburu sampah plastik, karena tersadarkan bahwa plastik itu sebenarnya bermanfaat, berharga, menguntungkan, dan juga menyenangkan.
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Hadi, Sutopo, Yandri Yandri y Tati Suhartati. "Penyuluhan Keselamatan Penggunaan Plastik Kemasan pada Makanan Bagi Ibu-Ibu PKK dan Masyarakat Di Desa Bumi Raharjo, Kecamatan Bumi Ratu Nuban, Lampung Tengah". SINAR SANG SURYA: Jurnal Pusat Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 6, n.º 1 (15 de febrero de 2022): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/sss.v6i1.1903.
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ABSTRAK Plastik adalah suatu produk kimia yang telah dikenal dan digunakan secara luas oleh seluruh lapisan masyarakat, baik yang bermukim di pedesaan apalagi yang tinggal di kota-kota besar. Saat ini setiap hari ketergantungan terhadap plastik semakin tinggi, namun bahayanya kurang disadari oleh masyarakat. Sesungguhnya penggunaan bahan plastik dalam konsumsi makanan tidak perlu ditakutkan, asalkan kita tahu cara menggunakannya dengan benar. Bagi masyarakat awam, cara mudah untuk menghindari bahaya plastik, yaitu dengan membedakan antara plastik untuk kemasan makanan dan untuk keperluan lainnya. Karena karakteristik peruntukannya, maka bahan baku dan proses pembuatannya pun beda, sehingga masyarakat harus faham dan memerlukan pengetahuan khsusus tentang plastik. Hasil penyampaian materi tentang plastik berdampak juga positif kepada Ibu-Ibu anggota PKK di desa Bumi Raharjo dengan pemahaman yang meningkat sangat drastis tentang penggunaan plastik untuk bahan makanan. Kata kunci : Pelatihan Pengenalan Plastik, Penggunaan Plastik, Pengelolaan Plastik ABSTRACT Plastic is a chemical product that is widely known and used by all levels of society, both those who live in rural areas and those who live in big cities. Currently, every day the dependence on plastic is getting higher, but the dangers are not realized by the public. In fact, the use of plastic materials in food consumption is nothing to be afraid of, as long as we know how to use them properly. For ordinary people, an easy way to avoid the dangers of plastic is to differentiate between plastic for food packaging and for other purposes. Due to the characteristics of the designation, the raw materials and manufacturing processes are different, so people must understand and require special knowledge about plastics. The results of the delivery of material about plastics also had a positive impact on PKK members in the village of Bumi Raharjo with a drastically increased understanding of the use of plastic for food.Keywords: Plastic Recognition Training, Plastic Use, Plastic Management
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Aravik, Havis, Hoirul Amri y Choiriyah Choiriyah. "Operasi Plastik Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam". Mizan: Journal of Islamic Law 2, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2018): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.32507/mizan.v2i2.296.
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Abstract.This study discusses how the legal position of plastic surgery is in the perspective of Islamic law. The results of this study state that plastic surgery is one of the problems faced by Muslims in the contemporary era. Plastic surgery is generally divided into two parts, namely plastic surgery which is permitted because for the purpose of plastic surgery and surgery that is forbidden because to beautify themselves. The necessity of plastic surgery to beautify oneself because it brings a lot of harm not only to the perpetrator, but also acts that include actions to change Allah's creation.Keywords: Surgery, Plastics, Islamic Law, Mudharat, Benefits Abstrak.Studi ini membahas tentang bagaimana operasi plastik dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Hasil studi ini menyatakan bahwa operasi plastik merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi umat Islam di era kontemporer. Operasi plastik secara umum terbagi menjadi dua bagian, yakni operasi plastik yang diperbolehkan karena untuk tujuan pengobatan dan operasi plastik yang diharamkan karena untuk mempercantik diri. Keharaman operasi plastik untuk mempercantik diri karena mendatangkan banyak mudharat tidak hanya bagi si pelaku, juga perbuatan itu termasuk dari perbuatan merubah ciptaan Allah SWT.Kata Kunci: Operasi, Plastik, Hukum Islam, Mudharat, Manfaat
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Kholidah, Neneng Rika Jazilatul, Sarjono Sarjono, Yuniarta Ita Purnama y Yupita Yupita. "Pemanfaatan Botol Bekas menjadi Tempat Pensil yang Bernilai Seni dan Ekonomis di Kelas V SDN Samberan Kecamatan Kanor Kabupaten Bojonegoro". J-ABDIPAMAS (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) 4, n.º 1 (20 de abril de 2020): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.30734/j-abdipamas.v4i1.852.
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ABSTRACTThe purpose of this community service program is the utilization of bottles become an aesthetic and economic pancil case at State Elementary School Samberan Kanor Bojonegoro to reduce the negative effect of plastic waste. The aims of this program are: (1) to give the knowledge and training for State Elementary School Samberan students about the utilization of secondhand goods to be beneficial pancil cases; (2) to improve the creativities of State Elementary School Samberan students in the utilization of plastic bottle; (3) to give the creative ideas to students, So  they can follow the creative contest about recycle plastic bottle; (4) to decrease the pollution by recycle the plastic secondhand goods. To reach the aims, we used the active, creative, and joyful method. The data was gained by observation, lecture, question-answer, and demonstration. The result showed that the students become more enthusiastic in joining this community service program. They create the pancil case from recycling bottle That would reduce the use of plastics and the negative effect of plastics waste. ABSTRAK Tujuan dari Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah Pemanfaatan Botol Bekas Menjadi Tempat Pensil Yang Bernilai Seni Dan Ekonomis di SDN Samberan Kecamatan Kanor Kabupaten Bojonegoro, untuk mengurangi dampak negatif sampah plastik. Tujuan dari program ini adalah : (1) Untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan pelatihan kepada siswa-siswi SDN Samberan mengenai pemanfaatan barang bekas menjadi tempat pensil yang bermanfaat; (2) Untuk Meningkatkan kreativitas siswa-siswi SDN Samberan dalam memanfaatkan botol plastik.(3) Untuk memberikan ide kreatif kepada siswa sehingga mereka dapat mengikuti ajang kreatifitas tentangan penggunaan ulang botol plasti. (4) Mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan dengan cara memanfaatkan barang-barang plastik bekas. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut digunakan metode yang aktif, kreatif dan menyenangkan. Data dikumpulkan degan menggunakan observasi, ceramah, tanya jawab, dan demonstrasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa siswa menjadi lebih antusias mengikuti program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini. Mereka menghasilkan tempat pensil dari botol bekas yang bisa mengurangi penggunaan plastik dan mengurangi dampak negatif dari sampah plastik.
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Dian Eksana Wibowo, Endaryanta,. "UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KUAT GESER TANAH LEMPUNG DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN LIMBAH PLASTIK". INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur 12, n.º 1 (9 de agosto de 2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/inersia.v12i1.10341.
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ABSTRACTThe objectives of this study was to determine: (1) the effect of the addition of plastic waste ofmineral watercontainers (in some variations and percentages) to qu (the value of unconfined compressive strength) of clay, (2)the effect of the addition of the plastic waste to φ (the shear strength) of clay, (3) the effect of the addition of theplastic waste to c (the adhesiveness) of clay. This study applied anexperiment method. The plastics were cut intothe sizes of 1x1 cm and 1x0,5 cm, then they were mixed in the clay, compacted, and then tested. Theclaysamples were taken from Wates (Jl. Wates km 7) Kulonprogro and Kasongan Bantul at a depth of -0.20 m. Theplastic waste used was the mineral water container (PET plastic). The results showed that the addition of plasticwaste ofmineral water containers: (1) raises the value of qu (unconfined compressive strength) of the clay fromWates with 1% - 2% of plastics and the clay from Kasongan with 1% of plastics (2) raisesthe shear strength φ, ifthe level of plastics was 1% - 3% in the clay from Wates and Kasongan but if only the plastics were cut into smallpieces (c) decreases the adhesion, unless the plastic were in small sizes at the level of 3% (clay from Wates) andif the plastics were in large size (clay from Kasongan).Keywords: clay, plastic waste, unconfined compressive strengthABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui pengaruh penambahan potongan limbah plastik wadah air mineral(pada beberapa variasi dan persentase) terhadap qu (nilai kuat-tekan-bebas) tanah lempung, (2) mengetahuipengaruh penambahan potongan limbah plastik terhadap φ (sudut kuat geser) tanah lempung, (3) mengetahuipengaruh penambahan potongan limbah plastik terhadap c (lekatan) tanah lempung.Penelitian ini menggunakanmetode Eksperimen. Limbah plastik dipotongukuran 1x1 (cm) dan 1x 0,5 (cm) kemudian dicampurkan pada tanahlempung, dipadatkan, lalu diuji kuat tekan bebasnya. Sampel lempung diambil dari Wates (Jl. Wates km 7)Kulonprogo dan Kasongan Bantul pada elevasi -0,20 m. Limbah Plastik menggunakan bekas wadah air mineral(plastik jenis PET).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan potongan limbah plastik ukuran tersebutpada lempung dapat: (1) menaikkan nilai qu (kuat tekan bebas) tanah pada kadar plastik 1%-2% lempung Watesdan kadar plastik 1% pada lempung Kasongan(2) menaikkan sudut-kuat-geser φ jika kadar plastik 1%-3%lempung Wates dan Lempung Kasongan tetapi hanya jika plastiknya dipotong kecil (c) menurunkan lekatan,kecuali jika potongan plastik ukurannya kecil pada kadar plastik 3% (lempung Wates) dan jika potongan plastikukurannya besar (lempung Kasongan).Kata kunci: lempung, limbah plastik, tekan bebas
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Kamsiati, Elmi, Heny Herawati y Endang Yuli Purwani. "POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN PLASTIK BIODEGRADABLE BERBASIS PATI SAGU DAN UBIKAYU DI INDONESIA / The Development Potential of Sago and Cassava Starch-Based Biodegradable Plastic in Indonesia". Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian 36, n.º 2 (29 de diciembre de 2017): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jp3.v36n2.2017.p67-76.
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<p>Plastic is a packaging materials that are widely used but has an adverse impact on the environment because it is difficult to degrade in nature. Production technology of biodegradable plastics from natural resources that have characteristic environmentally friendly has developed. Starch-based biodegradable plastic is a widely developed type because the production process is simple and the raw materials more readily available. The starch of cassava and sago has potential as a raw material of biodegradable plastic because of the availability and its characteristic. Also, to make starch as the main ingredient, plasticizers and structural strengthening materials are required to produce biodegradable plastic with excellent characteristics. The production stages of biodegradable plastics include mixing, heating, and casting. The starch-based biodegradable plastic that can apply to an environmentally friendly packaging material has an excellent opportunity developed in Indonesia.</p><p>Keywords: Starch, sago, cassava, biodegradable plastics, production technology</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Plastik merupakan bahan pengemas yang banyak digunakan namun berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan karena sulit terdegradasi di alam. Teknologi produksi plastik biodegradable atau bioplastik yang dibuat dari bahan alami dan ramah lingkungan sudah mulai dikembangkan. Plastik biodegradable berbahan dasar pati relatif lebih mudah diproduksi dan bahan baku mudah diperoleh. Pati ubi kayu dan sagu memiliki potensi sebagai bahan baku plastik biodegradable ditinjau dari ketersediaan dan karakteristiknya. Selain pati sebagai bahan utama, diperlukan pula plastisizer atau bahan pemlastis dan bahan penguat struktur untuk menghasilkan plastik biodegradable dengan karakteristik yang baik. Tahapan produksinya meliputi pencampuran, pemanasan, dan pencetakan. Plastik biodegradable berbahan dasar pati dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pengemas yang ramah lingkungan dan berpeluang besar dikembangkan.</p><p>Kata kunci: Pati, sagu, ubi kayu, bioplastik, teknologi produksi</p>
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Ousterhout, Douglas K. y Eric J. Stelnicki. "Plastic Surgery’s Plastics". Clinics in Plastic Surgery 23, n.º 1 (enero de 1996): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-1298(20)31149-4.
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Haug, R. H. "Plastic surgery's plastics". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 54, n.º 12 (diciembre de 1996): 1477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-2391(96)90277-3.
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Endaryanta, Endaryanta y Dian Eksana Wibowo. "Pemanfaatan dan Modifikasi Limbah Plastik untuk Perbaikan Sifat Teknik (Kuat-Geser) Tanah Lempung". INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur 12, n.º 2 (16 de enero de 2017): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/inersia.v12i2.12585.
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ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine: (1) the value of unconfined compressive strength (qu) clay mixed shredded plastic waste serrated; (2) the value of the internal friction angle (φ) soil mixed shredded plastic waste serrated; (3) the value of soil friction (c) soil mixed shredded plastic waste serrated. This study used an experimental method. Plastic waste is cut by the jagged edges 1x1 cm and 1x0,5 cm then mixed in clay, compacted, and then tested robust free press and direct shear. Clay samples taken at elevation -0.30 m of area from Punukan Kulon Progo and Kasongan Bantul. Waste plastics using a former mineral water containers (plastic types PET). The results showed that the addition of pieces of plastic waste that size on clay will: (1) raise the value of the unconfined compressive strength (qu) of land at the rate of plastic 3% clay Kasongan, and if pieces of plastic rather large 1x1 cm on clay Wates (2) increase the internal friction angle (φ) if the levels of plastic 3% (clay Kasongan) and on clay Wates but only if the plastic is cut rather large 1x1 cm. (3) Soil frictionis going up at the rate of 2% plastic (clay Kasongan), raise the coherence, clay Wates if the plastic pieces small size 0,5x1 cm.Keywords: clay, direct shear, free press, waste plasticsABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) nilai kuat-tekan bebas (qu) tanah lempung yang dicampur cacahan limbah plastik bergerigi; (2) nilaisudut gesek intern (φ) tanah yang dicampur cacahan limbah plastik bergerigi; (3) nilai lekatan (c) tanah yang dicampur cacahan limbah plastik bergerigi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Limbah plastik dipotong-potong secara tepi bergerigi ukuran 1x1 cm dan 1x0,5 cm kemudian dicampurkan pada tanah lempung, dipadatkan, lalu diuji kuat tekan bebas dan geser langsung. Sampel lempung diambil pada elevasi -0,30 m dari daerah Punukan Kabupaten Kulonprogo dan Kasongan Kabupaten Bantul. Limbah plastik menggunakan bekas wadah air mineral (plastik jenis PET).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan potongan limbah plastik ukuran tersebut pada lempung akan: (1) menaikkan nilai kuat tekan bebas (qu) tanah pada kadar plastik 3% lempung Kasongan, dan jika potongan plastiknya agak besar 1x1cm pada lempung Wates (2) menaikkan sudut-kuat-geser (φ) jika kadar plastik 3% (lempung Kasongan) dan pada Lempung Wates tetapi hanya jika plastiknya dipotong agak besar 1x1cm. (3) lekatan akan naik pada kadar plastik 2% (lempung Kasongan), menaikkan lekatan, Lempung Wates jika potongan plastik ukuran kecil 0,5x1cm.Kata kunci: geser langsung, lempung, limbah plastik, tekan-bebas.
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Reksi, Muhammad Ridho, Dian Rahayu Jati y Yulisa Fitrianingsih. "PERBANDINGAN KUAT TEKAN BATA PLASTIK BERJENIS POLYPROPYLENE (PP) POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PET) DAN HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE)". Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Lahan Basah 9, n.º 1 (24 de mayo de 2021): 019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jtllb.v9i1.46772.
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AbstractPlastic waste needs attention because it can cause serious problems if not managed properly. Of the various types of plastics, the most widely disposed of to the environment are Polypropylene, Polyethylene Terephthalate, and High-Density Polyethylene which are usually in the form of plastic bags and bottles. This research was conducted to make bricks made of plastic as an alternative material for infrastructure that is economical, strong, and durable, which is seen based on the compressive strength value based on its type, namely PP, PET, and HDPE plastic bricks. The compressive strength testing phase is carried out three times in each type. The selling price of plastic bricks is determined by the Markup pricing method. The process of plastic brick making includes collecting plastic waste, washing, drying, chopping, melting, and printing. Based on the research results, the plastic bricks produced from the types of PET, HDPE, and PP are in the form of blocks with a size of 19 cm x 10 cm x 6.5 cm, where the PET type brick requires 5.1 kg of waste, 3.6 kg of HDPE type, and the type of PP as much as 3 kg. The compressive strength test values for PP, PET, and HDPE plastic bricks have met the compressive strength standards based on SNI 15-2094-2000, with the highest average compressive strength test values found in PP plastic bricks of 246 kg/cm², plastic bricks HDPE type 166 kg/cm², and plastic brick type PET 98.7 kg/cm². The selling price of plastic bricks without including the purchase price of plastic as raw material for making plastic bricks (Scenario I) for PP plastic bricks costs Rp1.907,00/brick, PET types Rp3.024,00/brick, and HDPE types Rp3.464,00/brick. While the selling price of plastic bricks by entering the purchase price of plastic as raw material for making plastic bricks (Scenario II) for PP plastic bricks Rp2.867,00/brick, PET type Rp4.624,00/brick, and HDPE type Rp3.944,00/brick.Keywords: Compressive Strength, Markup Pricing, Plastic Brick. AbstrakSampah plastik perlu mendapatkan perhatian karena menimbulkan masalah yang serius jika tidak dikelola dengan baik. Dari berbagai jenis plastik, yang paling banyak dibuang ke lingkungan adalah jenis Polypropylene, Polyethylene Terephthalate, dan High Density Polyethylene yang biasanya dalam bentuk kantong dan botol plastik. Penelitian ini dilakukan guna membuat bata berbahan plastik sebagai bahan alternatif infrastruktur yang bersifat ekonomis, kuat dan tahan lama yang dilihat berdasarkan nilai kuat tekan berdasarkan jenisnya, yaitu bata plastik jenis PP, PET, dan HDPE. Tahap pengujian kuat tekan dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali pengulangan di setiap jenisnya. Harga jual bata plastik ditentukan dengan metode Markup pricing. Proses pembuatan bata plastik yaitu pengumpulan sampah plastik, pencucian, penjemuran, pencacahan, pelelehan, dan pencetakan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, bata plastik yang dihasilkan dari jenis PET, HDPE, dan PP berbentuk balok dengan ukuran 19 cm x 10 cm x 6,5 cm, dimana bata jenis PET memerlukan sampah sebanyak 5,1 kg, jenis HDPE sebanyak 3,6 kg, dan jenis PP sebanyak 3 kg. Nilai uji kuat tekan pada bata plastik jenis PP, PET, dan HDPE telah memenuhi standar kuat tekan berdasarkan SNI 15-2094-2000, dengan nilai uji kuat tekan rata-rata tertinggi terdapat pada bata plastik jenis PP sebesar 246 kg/cm², bata plastik jenis HDPE 166 kg/cm², dan bata plastik jenis PET 98,7 kg/cm². Harga jual bata plastik tanpa memasukkan harga beli plastik sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata plastik (Skenario I) pada bata plastik jenis PP seharga Rp1.907,00/bata, jenis PET Rp3.024,00/bata, dan jenis HDPE Rp3.464,00/bata. Sedangkan harga jual bata plastik dengan memasukkan harga beli plastik sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata plastik (Skenario II) pada bata plastik jenis PP Rp2.867,00/bata, jenis PET Rp4.624,00/bata, dan jenis HDPE Rp3.944,00/bata.Kata Kunci: Bata Plastik, Kuat Tekan, Markup Pricing.
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Udjiana, S. Sigit, Sigit Hadiantoro y Noor Isnaini Azkiya. "Pengaruh Jumlah Filler Kalsium Silikat dalam Pembuatan Biodegradable Plastic dari Biji Nangka". Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan 6, n.º 1 (30 de abril de 2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v6i1.242.
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Biodegradable plastic adalah plastik yang memiliki sifat ramah lingkungan karena mampu terurai oleh mikroorganisme yang ada pada tanah. Pati berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan biodegadable plastic karena dapat mudah terdegradasi dan menghasilkan senyawa yang ramah lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini sumber pati didapat dari biji nangka dengan kandungan pati sebesar 29,73%. Penambahan kalsium silikat sebagai filler bertujuan untuk memperbaiki sifat mekanik biodegadable plastic. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh filler kalsium silikat terhadap kuat tarik, presentase biodegradasi (%) dan persentase serapan air (%) dari biodegadable plastic yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, semakin banyak filler kalsium silikat maka biodegadable plastic memiliki kuat tarik yang semakin tinggi. Sedangkan kemampuan absorpsi biodegadable plastic terhadap air menurun seiring dengan semakin banyaknya jumlah kalsium silikat yang ditambahkan. Kemampuan biodegradasi plastik juga menurun seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah filler kalsium. Biodegadable plastic dengan penambahan filler kalsium silikat 6% memiliki kuat tarik antara 7,85 MPa persentase serapan air sekitar 5% dan persentase biodegradasi sekitar 7%.Biodegradable plastic is a plastic that has environmentally friendly properties because it is able to decompose by microorganisms in the soil. Starch has the potential to be used as a basic material for making biodegradable plastics because it can be easily degraded and produces environmentally friendly compounds. In this study, the source of starch was obtained from jackfruit seeds with a starch content of 29.73%. The addition of calcium silicate as a filler aims to improve the mechanical properties of biodegradable plastic. This study aims to determine the effect of calcium silicate filler on tensile strength, % biodegradation and % water absorption of the resulting biodegradable plastic. Based on the results obtained, the more calcium silicate filler the biodegradable plastic has a higher tensile strength. Meanwhile, the absorption ability of biodegradable plastic to water decreases with the increasing amount of calcium silicate added. The biodegradability of plastics also decreases with the increase in the amount of calcium filler. Biodegradable plastic with the addition of 6% calcium silicate has tensile strength between 7,85 Mpa, percent water absorption between 5% and percent biodegradation between 7%.
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Clarinsa, Regina Martha y Suyatno Sutoyo. "PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI PLASTIK BIODEGRADABLE DARI KOMPOSIT HDPE (HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE) DAN PATI UMBI SUWEG (Amorphophallus campanulatus)". Unesa Journal of Chemistry 10, n.º 1 (25 de enero de 2021): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ujc.v10n1.p85-95.
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Abstrak. Plastik yang berasal dari polimer sintetik menjadi permasalahan lingkungan karena tidak dapat terdegradasi lebih cepat di dalam tanah. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk membuat plastik biodegradable komposit HDPE dengan pati umbi suweg (HDPE-PSW) serta menentukan komposisi terbaik dari campuran HDPE dengan pati umbi suweg yang memiliki sifat biodegradabilitas yang memenuhi standart SNI. Pati diperoleh dari umbi suweg menggunakan metode ekstraksi dengan pelarut air. Proses pembuatan plastik biodegradable dilakukan dengan metode grafting menggunakan pereaksi maleat anhidrida dan bahan pemlastis berupa gliserol. Variasi komposisi massa HDPE dan pati suweg yang digunakan berturut-turut 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, dan 4:6 gram. Sifat biodegradabilitas ditentukan dengan metode Soil Burial Test sedangkan gugus fungsi ditentukan menggunakan spektrofotometer FTIR. Dari proses ekstraksi diperoleh pati dengan rendemen 5,25%. Pati diperoleh dalam bentuk serbuk berwarna putih, tidak berbau, sedikit larut dalam air dan etanol, serta menunjukkan hasil positif dengan pereaksi larutan iodium. Hasil uji biodegradasi menunjukkan bahwa plastik komposit HDPE-PSW 6:4 dan 5:5 mendekati standar SNI karena setelah didegradasi selama seminggu menunjukkan persentase degradasi mendekati 60%, yakni masing-masing 58,9% dan 60,6%. Kedua komposisi plastik HDPE-PSW tersebut juga memiliki persentase degradasi mendekati plastik biodegradable komersial Cassaplast (59,4%). Berdasarkan hasil uji FTIR, plastik biodegradable HDPE-PSW memiliki gugus fungsi yang sama dengan plastik HDPE dan pati umbi suweg. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa proses grafting dalam pembuatan plastik biodegradable HDPE-PSW telah terjadi.
Kata kunci : Plastik biodegradable, pati umbi suweg, HDPE
Abstract. Plastic which derived from synthetic polymers is an environmental problem because it couldn’t easily degradation in the ground. This research is aimed to make the biodegradable plastic composite of HDPE with suweg tuber starch (HDPE-PSW) as well as determining the best composition of HDPE-suweg tuber starch mixture which has biodegradability properties according to SNI standards. Suweg tuber made with ekstraction method which uses water solvent. Biodegradable plastics have been processed using grafting method with maleic anhydride reactant and glycerol plasticizer. The varians mass of HDPE plastic and suweg starch are 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, and 4:6 grams. Biodegradability of biodegradable plastics depend on Soil Burial Test method meanwhile analysis of functional group depend with FTIR spectrophotometer. From the extraction process obtained starch with a yield of 5.25%. Starch was obtained in the form of white powder, odorless, slightly soluble in water and ethanol, and showed positive results with iodine solution reagent. The biodegradation test results showed that the HDPE-PSW plastic composite of 6:4 and 5:5 approached the SNI standard because after being degraded for a week showed the percentage of degradation was approaching 60% ie 58.9% and 60.6%, respectively. The two HDPE-PSW plastic compositions also had a degradation percentage close to Cassaplast's commercial biodegradable plastic (59.4%). Based on the results of the FTIR test, HDPE-PSW biodegradable plastic had the same functional group as HDPE plastic and suweg tuber starch. This showed that the grafting process in the manufacture of biodegradable HDPE-PSW plastic had taken place.
Key words: Biodegradable plastics, suweg tuber starch, HDPE
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Prigiya, Regina Elriana Oki. "Pembuangan Limbah Plastik: Studi Kasus Limbah Rumah Tangga Di Desa Sigi". Areopagus : Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Teologi Kristen 19, n.º 2 (30 de septiembre de 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.46965/ja.v19i2.611.
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Abstrak:Plastik telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan sehari-hari manusia. Sifat dasar plastik yang tidak mudah lapuk, ringan, antikarat, dan murah, sering kali menjadi alasan penggunaan plastik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, termasuk masyarakat di Desa Sigi. Seluruh aktifitas hidup masyarakat seringkali menggunakan plastik, baik dalam aktifitas rumah tangga, sosial maupun ekonomi. Penggunaan barang berbahan dasar plastik berbanding lurus terhadap limbah plastik yang dihasilkan, akhirnya bermuara pada permasalahan lingkungan dan rusaknya keseimbangan alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentang dampak penggunaan plastik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat di Desa Sigi. Metode dalam penulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, seperti observasi, wawancara dan pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner. Plastik menjadi permasalahan lingkungan karena dalam proses produksinya turut menyumbang emisi karbon ke udara, selain itu, juga bisa menyebabkan pencemaran terhadap tanah dan air. Penggunaan plastik yang berlebihan dan tidak bertanggungjawab hanya akan menimbulkan masalah lingkungan. Jika masalah ini tidak ditangani dengan baik, benar dan tepat tentu nantinya akan menjadi bumerang bagi manusia.Kata kunci: plastik, lingkungan, perilaku masyarakat Abstract:Plastic had become a part of people's daily lived. The basic properties of plastics that were not easily weathered, light, stainless, and cheap, are often the reason for the use of plastic in daily life, including people in Sigi. All activities of people's lived often use plastic, both in household, social and economic activities. The use of plastic-based goods is directly proportional to the resulting plastic waste, eventually resulting in environmental problems and damage to the balance of nature. This study aims to explain the impact of plastic use in people's daily lives in Sigi Village. This method of writing uses qualitative methods, such as observation, interview and data collection through questionnaires. Plastic becomes an environmental problem because in the production process contributes carbon emissions to the air, in addition, it can also cause pollution to soil and water. Excessive and irresponsible use of plastic will only cause environmental problems. If this problem is not handled properly, rightly and appropriately it will certainly backfire for humans.Key Words: plastic, enviroment, people’s behavior
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Kristanto, Laurensius Ricky, Jasson Prestiliano y T. Arie Setiawan Prasida. "PERANCANGAN CARD GAME MENGENAL PLASTIK UNTUK ANAK USIA 9 – 12 TAHUN DENGAN MEKANIK MEMORY". ANDHARUPA: Jurnal Desain Komunikasi Visual & Multimedia 5, n.º 02 (12 de septiembre de 2019): 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/andharupa.v5i2.2363.
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AbstrakIndonesia merupakan salah satu penyumbang sampah plastik terbesar di dunia. Sampah plastik adalah sampah anorganik yang sulit terurai dan mencemari lingkungan. Plastik diklarifikasikan menjadi tujuh jenis tingkatan dan memiliki karakternya masing-masing. Peringatan akan bahaya sampah plastik yang ada, dianggap hanya bisa dipahami oleh orang dewasa saja. Supaya anak-anak dapat lebih mengenal plastik, dipilihlah media permainan sebagai media pembelajaran yang dapat lebih menarik untuk anak-anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan jenis-jenis plastik yang ada kepada anak-anak sejak dini, supaya plastik dapat lebih dikenal oleh anak-anak. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian campuran yang memadukan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan strategi linier. Metode perancangan permainan melalui tahapan konsep, uji coba, tahapan desain, prototyping, uji coba, dan produksi permainan. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah permainan kartu dengan mekanisme permainan yang mengandalkan daya ingat. Mekanisme tersebut digunakan untuk membentuk kebiasaan baik sejak dini dan merangsang daya ingat anak yang sedang berkembang. Penelitian ini mampu membuat anak-anak untuk lebih mengenal jenis-jenis plastik yang ada beserta sifatnya, dan menjadi media pembelajaran yang menyenangkan bagi anak-anak. Kata Kunci: plastik, permainan kartu, edukasi, memori AbstractIndonesia is one of the largest plastic waste contributors in the world. Plastic waste is inorganic waste that is difficult to decompose and pollute the environment. Plastics are clarified into 7 types of levels and have their characters. Warnings of the dangers of plastic waste are considered only to be understood by adults. For children to get to know plastics, the game is chosen as a learning medium that can be more interesting for children. This research aims to introduce the types of plastic available to children from an early age, so that plastic can be better known by children. The method used is a mixed method that combines qualitative and quantitative approaches with a linear strategy. The method of designing a game through the concept phase, playtesting, design phase, prototyping, playtesting, and game production. The final result of this research is a card game with a mechanism that relies on memory. The mechanism is used to form good habits from an early age and stimulate the memory of children. This research can make children more familiar with the types of plastic that exist and their characters, and become an exciting learning media for children. Keywords: plastic, card game, education, memory
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Celauro, Clara, Rosalia Teresi, Francesco Graziano, Francesco Paolo La Mantia y Antonio Protopapa. "Preliminary Evaluation of Plasmix Compound from Plastics Packaging Waste for Reuse in Bituminous Pavements". Sustainability 13, n.º 4 (19 de febrero de 2021): 2258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042258.
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Finding an appropriate technical solution for reusing waste plastics is crucial for creating a circular plastic economy. Although mechanical recycling is the best option for recycling post-consumer plastics, some heterogeneous mixed plastics cannot be recycled to produce secondary material due to their very low properties. In this case, alternative routes should be considered in order to limit their disposal as much as possible. Therefore, in order to solve the environmental problems in the landfills of plastic waste recycling, and to improve the mechanical performance of bitumen for road pavement, the reuse of these post-consumer plastic wastes are preliminarily evaluated for the modification of bitumen for road use. The field of polymers used so far and widely studied concerns virgin materials, or highly homogeneous materials, in case of recycled plastics. In this work, a highly heterogeneous mixed plastic—Plasmix—from the separate collection in Italy, is used as a bitumen modifier for road construction. The research focused on the dry (into the mixture) and wet (into the binder) addition of different content of the Plasmix compound, with the aim of assessing the feasibility of the modification itself. Results of the mechanical tests carried out prove an increase in performance and that there is a potential of the addition of the Plasmix compound both for binder and mixture modifications.
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Astuti, Arieyanti Dwi. "PENERAPAN KANTONG PLASTIK BERBAYAR SEBAGAI UPAYA MEREDUKSI PENGGUNAAN KANTONG PLASTIK". Jurnal Litbang: Media Informasi Penelitian, Pengembangan dan IPTEK 12, n.º 1 (26 de diciembre de 2018): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33658/jl.v12i1.50.
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ENGLISHThe use of plastic bag tends to increase and it causes the increase of plastic waste. Plastic waste is a hazardous material because it is difficult to be decomposed biologically. Waste management in Indonesia is regulated by Law Number 18/2008 and Government Regulation Number 81/ 2012. Besides the use of biodegradable plastics, reducing the number of plastic bag can be done by implementing a no free plastic bag policy. The policy was issued by the Directorate General Waste Management, Waste and Hazardous and Toxic under the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK). The content of this policy is to urge people to bring their own bag when shopping, otherwise they have to buy plastic bags. The policy has been implemented in several countries and succeeded in reducing the number of plastic bags significantly. In Indonesia, the pilot implementation of the policy was conducted from February 21, 2016 to June 5, 2016 in 22 cities. Funds raised from the sale of plastic bag are public funds that will be used for waste management activities. By implementating this policy is expected to reduce the use of plastic bag in Indonesia, as in other countries that already have implemented it. INDONESIAPenggunaan kantong plastik yang cenderung mengalami peningkatan, akan meningkatkan jumlah sampah plastik. Sampah plastik merupakan sampah berbahaya karena sifatnya yang sulit terurai secara biologis. Pengelolaan sampah di Indonesia sudah diatur dalam UU No 18 Tahun 2008 dan PP No 81 Tahun 2012. Selain dengan penggunaan plastik biodegradable, penurunan jumlah penggunaan kantong plastik dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan kebijakan kantong plastik berbayar. Kebijakan ini dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) melalui surat edaran Direktorat Jenderal Pengelolaan Sampah, Limbah dan Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun. Isi dari kebijakan ini menghimbau masyarakat untuk membawa alternatif kantong plastik saat berbelanja atau jika masyarakat tidak membawa kantong plastik belanjaan, pelaku ritel akan mengenakan harga pada kantong plastik yang diminta masyarakat saat belanja. Kebijakan ini sudah banyak diterapkan di beberapa negara dan berhasil menurunkan jumlah penggunaan kantong plastik secara signifikan. Di Indonesia, uji coba penerapan kebijakan ini dilakukan mulai 21 Februari 2016 hingga 5 Juni 2016 di 22 kota. Dana yang terkumpul dari hasil penjualan kantong plastik merupakan dana publik yang nantinya digunakan untuk kegiatan pengelolaan sampah. Dengan penerapan kebijakan ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi penggunaan kantong plastik di Indonesia, seperti pada negara-negara lain yang sudah menerapkan kebijakan ini sebelumnya.
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Lestari, Putri Winda, Bella Charisca Septaria y Camelia Eka Putri. "Edukasi “Minim Plastik” sebagai wujud cinta lingkungan di SDN Pejaten Timur 20 Pagi". Transformasi: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 16, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2020): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/transformasi.v16i1.2034.
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[Bahasa]: Salah satu jenis sampah yang paling sulit terurai adalah sampah plastik. Hanya 5% dari sampah plastik yang didaur ulang dengan efektif, sementara 40% lainnya berakhir di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) dan sisanya berakhir di ekosistem seperti lautan. Sampah plastik dapat menimbulkan pencemaran, baik di tanah, air, maupun udara. Pengelolaan seperti penggunaan kembali (reuse) atau daur ulang plastik (recycle) saja tidak cukup. Harus ada upaya untuk mengurangi penggunaan plastik. Melihat besarnya dampak dari pencemaran sampah plastik, maka diperlukan peran aktif seluruh elemen masyarakat. Berdasarkan survey awal di SDN Pejaten Timur 20 Pagi Jakarta Selatan, masih banyak siswa yang tidak membawa tumbler atau kotak makanan. Siswa cenderung mengkonsumsi makanan atau snack yang ditawarkan di kantin atau pedagang sekitar sekolah. Hal ini menyebabkan jumlah sampah plastik yang dihasilkan cukup tinggi. Sehingga dianggap perlu dilakukan edukasi tentang pengurangan penggunaan plastik sebagai wujud cinta lingkungan. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa tentang pengurangan penggunaan plastik sebagai wujud cinta lingkungan. Metode yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan ini adalah community development dengan menggunakan edukasi sebagai cara untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang pengurangan penggunaan plastik. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan tentang “Minim Plastik” setelah dilakukan edukasi di SDN Pejaten Timur 20 Pagi. Kegiatan ini efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan minim plastik sebagai upaya mewujudkan perilaku cinta lingkungan.
Kata Kunci: edukasi, minim plastik, sampah, lingkungan
[English]: One of the most difficult types of waste to decompose is plastic. Indeed, only 5 of the plastic waste is recycled effectively, 40% is dumped in landfills, and the remaining ends at ecosystem such as sea. Plastic can cause pollution, either in soil, water, or air. A waste management such as reuse or recycling is not enough. There must be efforts to reduce the use of plastic. Considering the magnitude of the impact of plastic waste pollution, the active role of all elements of society is needed. Based on the initial survey at SDN Pejaten Timur 20 Pagi, there are still many students who do not carry tumblers or lunch boxes. Students tend to consume food or snacks offered in canteens or traders around the school. This causes the amount of plastic waste produced is quite high. It is considered necessary to educate the students to reduce the use of plastic as an environmental action. The aims of this community service is to increase students' knowledge of reducing the use of plastic as an act of caring environment. The method used in this program was community development using education to increase knowledge of reducing the use of plastics. The results showed an increase in knowledge about "Minimal Plastic" at SDN Pejaten Timur 20 Pagi after the program. This program is effective in increasing the knowledge about how to reduce the use of plastic to reach the goal.
Keywords: education, plastic reduction, garbage, environment
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Allan, K. "Pioneering plastic [plastics industry]". Engineering & Technology 4, n.º 1 (16 de enero de 2009): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2009.0115.
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Dewi, Wayan Weda, Dian Tamitiadini y Ika Rizki Yustisia. "PENDEKATAN TRANSTHEORICAL SEBAGAI MODEL ADAPTASI PERUBAHAN PERILAKU SADAR LINGKUNGAN DI PROVINSI BALI". Profetik: Jurnal Komunikasi 13, n.º 1 (5 de septiembre de 2020): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/pjk.v13i1.1711.
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Abstract. Studies of environmental issues in Indonesia are still minim. Eventhough, Indonesia has many serious problem related to environmental issue. One of them is listed as the second largest constibutor of plastic waste in Asia. Piles of plastic waste cause various problems such as sea water pollution and decreased quality of human life. In order to reduce the negative impact of this plastic waste pile, of course good synergy between various parties including the Government, the community and business actors is needed. Bali is one of the province that commited to reducing the consumption of disposable plastics by implementing a pro-environment policy related to limiting the consumption of plastic bags. Using descriptive qualitative method, this research focusing on indetifying stages of social change using the concept of stages approach to the strategy of reducing plastic consumption, especially in Bali Province. This research is directed at literacy efforts in the community and business actors regarding the impact of the use of disposable plastics (PSP) as well as social intervention efforts through the preparation of pro-environment campaign models in reducing plastic consumption. In addition, the focus of the research also wants to see the extent to which stages of change have been achieved on the part of consumers and businesses in Bali. This model can be used as a basis for the Bali provincial government in formulating policies related to the use of plastics which are harmful to the environment.Abstrak. Kajian mengenai isu lingkungan dalam perspektif komunikasi lingkungan masih minim di Indonesia. Padahal Indonesia memiliki sejumlah permasalahan serius terkait isu lingkungan, salah satunya tercatat sebagai negara ke-dua terbesar penyumbang limbah plastik di level Asia. Timbunan sampah plastik menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan seperti pencemaran air laut dan menurunnya kualitas hidup manusia. Guna mengurangi dampak negatif timbunan sampah plastik ini tentunya diperlukan sinergi yang baik antar berbagai pihak di antaranya Pemerintah, masyarakat, dan juga pelaku usaha. Provinsi Bali menjadi salah satu provinsi yang berkomitmen terhadap pengurangan konsumsi plastik sekali pakai dengan jalan menerapkan kebijakan pro lingkungan terkait pembatasan konsumsi kantong plastik bagi pelaku usaha. Menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini berfokus pada identifikasi tahapan perubahan sosial menggunakan pendekatan konsep stages of change dalam strategi pengurangan konsumsi plastik khususnya di Provinsi Bali. Penelitian ini diarahkan pada upaya literasi pada masyarakat dan pelaku usaha mengenai dampak penggunaan plastik sekali pakai (PSP) serta upaya intervensi sosial melalui penyusunan model kampanye pro lingkungan dalam mengurangi konsumsi plastik. Selain itu, fokus penelitian juga ingin melihat sejauh mana tahapan perubahan perilaku (stages of change) telah dicapai di sisi konsumen dan pelaku usaha di Bali. Model ini dapat dijadikan landasan bagi pemerintah Provinsi Bali dalam menyusun kebijakan terkait penggunaan plastik yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan.
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Nasution, Sarah Purnama. "PENGGUNAAN BAHAN SILIKON SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENGGANTI SEDOTAN PLASTIK". Jurnal Seni dan Reka Rancang: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Desain 2, n.º 1 (24 de agosto de 2021): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/jsrr.v2i1.10104.
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AbstractUse of Silicon Materials as an Alternative to Replacing Plastic Straws. Continuous development hasresulted in many changes in the pattern of people’s living needs, especially in the use of natural resources.This results in reduced natural resources and damage to natural sustainability. One example is the useof plastic straws in the lives of Indonesian people. The use of plastic straws is increasing with increasingconsumption patterns of the Indonesian people. However, these problems can be minimized by the useof environmentally friendly raw materials. Materials that can be an alternative to the problem are theuse of silicon instead of plastic straws. Silicon is a harmless chemical that is synthetic polymer rubberwhich is chemically formed through a series of oxygen-oxygen, which can be used for several times. Thisscientific paper aims to analyze the use of plastic straws in everyday life that have an impact on theenvironment. analyze the impact of alternative use of straws made of silicon so that it can help reducethe use of plastic, and formulate recommendations for making bottled bottles, and ready to eat places ofsilicon.Keywords: chemicals, environmentally friendly plastics, plastic straws, silicon AbstrakPenggunaan Bahan Silikon Sebagai Alternatif Pengganti Sedotan Plastik. Perkembanganzaman yang terus menerus mengakibatkan banyaknya perubahan pada pola kebutuhan hidupmasyarakat terutama pada penggunaan sumber daya alam. Hal tersebut mengakibatkanberkurangnya sumber daya alam dan terjadinya kerusakan pada kelestarian alam. Adapunsalah satu contohnya yaitu penggunaan sedotan plastik dalam kehidupan masyarakatIndonesia. Penggunaan sedotan plastik semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya polakonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia. Namun permasalahan tersebut dapat diminilisasi denganpenggunaan bahan baku ramah lingkungan. Bahan yang dapat menjadi alternatif darimasalah tersebut yaitu penggunaan silikon sebagai pengganti sedotan plastik. Silikonmerupakan bahan kimia yang tidak berbahaya yaitu karet polimer sintetis yang secara strukturkimianya terbentuk melalui rangkaian silicone-oxygen, dapat digunakan untuk beberapa kalipenggunaan. Makalah ilmiah ini memiliki tujuan yaitu menganalisis penggunaan sedotanplastik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari yang berdampak terhadap lingkungan. menganalisisdampak dari alternatif penggunaan sedotan yang terbuat dari silikon sehingga dapatmembantu pengurangan penggunaan plastik, dan menyusun rekomendasi pembuatan botolkemasan, dan tempat makan siap saji dari bahan silikon.Kata kunci: bahan kimia, plastik, ramah lingkungan, sedotan plastik, silikon.
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Calista, Jasmine y Petrus Rudi Kasimun. "APLIKASI SENSORIAL ARCHITECTURE PADA FASILITAS PENGOLAHAN DAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PLASTIK DI KELURAHAN PAPANGGO". Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 3, n.º 2 (3 de febrero de 2022): 3033. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v3i2.12446.
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Plastic is one of the most popular materials because of its flexiblity, low cost, and durability. However, despite being durable, a lot of plastics are only used once before ending up in landfills or the environment; piles of plastic waste can be seen floating on the sea because of their non-degradable nature. The plastic waste treatment and management facility responds to this problem in two ways, namely through processing plastic waste into raw materials used in making the filament for 3D printing, and through management, by the manufacture of alternative materials (algae bioplastic) using the wastewater obtained from washing plastics and by inviting the community to participate through upcycling. Through this, plastic waste can be converted into a usable product (such as furniture, ornaments, and others), and if said product is defected or broken, it can be recycled back and turned into raw material for another printing process, thus creating a circular economy. Furthermore, as citizens’ awareness towards the proper management of plastic waste and the reduction of plastic consumption plays an important role in addressing this issue, this project uses the sensorial architecture of the seven senses (sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste, skeleton and muscle) as a design approach to make the users ‘feel’ the building. As a result, the purpose of this project, which is to help in managing plastic waste and to raise awareness regarding this issue, can be achieved through the programs and spatial experience. By using technology and sensorial architecture design, not only does this project generate product from plastic waste, but also creates a new ecology to an industrial building.Keywords: 3D printing; plastic waste; sensorial architecture; seven senses; spatial experience AbstrakPlastik merupakan salah satu bahan yang paling sering digunakan karena sifatnya yang fleksibel, murah, dan tahan lama. Namun, meski mempunyai sifat yang tahan lama, banyak plastik yang hanya dipakai sekali sebelum akhirnya berakhir di TPA atau di lingkungan. Sifatnya yang tidak bisa / sulit terdegradasi menyebabkan dampak buruk pada lingkungan, terutama ekosistem laut. Perancangan fasilitas pengolahan dan pengelolaan sampah plastik merespon terhadap masalah ini dengan dua cara, yaitu melalui pengolahan sampah plastik menjadi bahan dasar filamen dalam fasilitas pencetakan 3D dan pengelolaan melalui pembuatan bahan alternatif (alga bioplastik) dari air bekas hasil pencucian plastik, dan dengan mengajak masyarakat untuk turut ikut serta melalui program upcycling. Melalui cara ini, sampah plastik dapat diolah menjadi barang yang dapat digunakan kembali, dan hasil produk (berupa furnitur, ornamen, dan lainnya) yang sudah rusak dapat didaur ulang dan diolah kembali menjadi produk yang baru sehingga menciptakan sebuah ekonomi yang sirkuler. Selain itu, karena kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan dan pengurangan konsumsi plastik juga menjadi bagian penting dalam mengatasi masalah ini, perancangan menerapkan pendekatan desain arsitektur sensori melalui ketujuh indera manusia (penglihatan, pendengaran, penciuman, peraba, pengecap, tulang dan otot) agar dapat menjadi bangunan yang dapat ‘dirasakan’ oleh penggunanya. Dengan ini, tujuan perancangan untuk membantu mengelola sampah plastik dan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap kondisi lingkungan sekarang ini dapat disampaikan melalui program dan pengalaman ruang yang dirasakan. Melalui penggunaan teknologi dan penerapan desain arsitektur sensori, perancangan tidak hanya menghasilkan produk olahan sampah plastik, tetapi juga menciptakan ekologi baru pada bangunan industri.
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Yolanda, Ismi Rania y Acwin Hendra Saputra. "PENERAPAN KEBIJAKAN EKSTENSIFIKASI BARANG KENA CUKAI TERHADAP PRODUK PLASTIK DI INDONESIA". JURNAL PERSPEKTIF BEA DAN CUKAI 5, n.º 2 (30 de noviembre de 2021): 290–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.31092/jpbc.v5i2.1309.
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ABSTRACT: The increase in plastic consumption per capita in Indonesia by 17 kilograms per year and consumption growth reaching 6%-7% per year have re-ignited discussions about the plan to expand excisable goods on plastics. Previously in 2016 the government had discussed the imposition of excise on plastic consumption which had been approved by the House of Representatives. This study seeks to explore how the plastic excise tax collection scheme plan will be implemented in Indonesia and the extent to which the discussion process has been carried out. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach which is carried out by describing and interpreting the collected data and finds that the delay in implementing the plastic bag excise policy is caused by several factors, namely the misalignment of perspectives between internal government units and the unstable economic situation, especially due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, it is a challenge for the government to determine the right time and the next single-use plastic object that will be subject to excise. The government should also maintain accountability by continuously providing information on the amount of excise levy and its allocation, while still paying attention to the development of the national economic recovery and excise policies for plastic products to reduce the impact of negative externalities on single-use plastic consumption. Keywords: excisable goods, plastic excise, extensification, negative externalities, plastic bags ABSTRAK: Peningkatan konsumsi plastik per kapita di Indonesia sebesar 17 kilogram per tahun dan pertumbuhan konsumsi mencapai 6%-7% per tahun memantik kembali diskusi tentang rencana ekstensifikasi barang kena cukai atas plastik. Sebelumnya pada tahun 2016 pemerintah telah mewacanakan pengenaaan cukai konsumsi plastik yang telah disetujui oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat. Penelitian ini berusaha menggali kembali bagaimana rencana skema pemungutan cukai plastik yang akan diterapkan di Indonesia dan sejauh mana proses pembahasan yang sudah dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang dilakukan dengan penggambaran dan penginterpretasian atas data yang terkumpul dan mendapati bahwa penundaan penerapan kebijakan cukai kantong plastik disebabkan oleh beberapa hal, yaitu ketidakselarasan perspektif antarunit internal pemerintah dan keadaan ekonomi yang belum stabil terutama karena dampak pandemi Covid-19. Oleh karena itu, menjadi tantangan bagi pemerintah dalam menentukan waktu yang tepat dan objek plastik sekali pakai selanjutnya yang akan dikenakan cukai. Pemerintah juga harus menjaga akuntabilitas dengan terus memberikan informasi besaran pungutan cukai dan peruntukannya, dengan tetap memperhatikan perkembangan pemulihan ekonomi nasional dan kebijakan cukai produk plastik untuk mengurangi dampak eksternalitas negatif atas konsumsi plastik sekali pakai. Kata Kunci: barang kena cukai, cukai plastik, ekstensifikasi, eksternalitas negatif, kantong plastik
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Aziz, Isna Rasdianah, Cut Muthiadin y Hafsan Hafsan. "BIODEGRADASI PLASTIK LDPE HITAM DAN PUTIH PADA SAMPAH TPA ANTANG DALAM KOLOM WINOGRADSKY". Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi 12, n.º 2 (31 de octubre de 2019): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v12i2.10037.
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AbstrakDalam dunia industri, baik industri sandang, pangan, papan, transportasi, medis maupun rekreasi tidak terlepas dari penggunaan kantong plastik. Karena bersifat praktis, berbagai jenis kantong plastik sebagai kemasan selalu menjadi pilihan dalam aktivitas masyarakat. Akan tetapi, sifat plastik yang sulit terdegradasi pada lingkungan alami menimbulkan permasalahan sebagai salah satu sumber pencemaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi mikroorganisme tanah yang diisolasi dari sampah Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Antang Makassar dalam mendegradasi kantong plastik LDPE hitam dan putih. Metode biodegradasi plastik yang digunakan adalah kolom Winogradsky dengan menggunakan kolom kaca 1.000 mL yang berisi 500 gram tanah sampah TPA Antang dan plastik uji LDPE warna hitam dan putih. Kemudian dilakukan pengukuran persentase degradasi selama 3 bulan masa inkubasi dengan waktu panen selama 3 minggu sekali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 6 isolat dalam kolom Winogradsky mampu mendegradasi plastik LDPE hitam sebesar 3,5% dan 6 isolat lainnya mampu mendegradasi plastik LDPE putih sebesar 2%. Selanjutnya, isolat ini dapat digunakan sebagai agen biodegradasi plastik di TPA Antang Makassar.Abstract The use of plastic bags is almost unavoidable in industries, including the food, clothing, transportation, construction, medical, and recreational industries. Various types of plastic bags have been used in various types of packaging, because of the value of practicality. However, the difficulties in the degradation process become a problem as a pollution source in the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of soil microbes isolated in Antang landfill, Makassar, in degrading black and white plastics of LDPE. The biodegradation method used was the Winogradsky column using a 1,000 mL glass column containing 500 grams of Antang landfill soil and using black and white LDPE as well. The percentage of degradation was measured for three months incubation period with harvest time for three weeks. The results showed that the inoculum in Winogradsky column was able to degrade the black plastic by 3.5% and the white plastic by 2%. The results of macroscopic and microscopic characterization showed that six isolates were degrading the black plastic and six isolates were degrading the white plastic, with different characteristics. Furthermore, this isolate can be utilized as a biodegradation agent for plastic in the Antang landfill.
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Rifa, Tasfiea y Mohammad Belayet Hossain. "Micro Plastic Pollution in Southasia: The Impact of Plastic Pollution over the Unsustainable Development Goals". Lex Publica 9, n.º 2 (4 de febrero de 2023): 01–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.58829/lp.9.2.2022.01-28.
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Abstract.
One of the most pressing environmental issues facing the world right now is plastic waste. Once in the environment, plastics continuously degrade into microplastics, which are fragments of plastic. There are more national and international promises to reduce microplastic pollution as the world's plastic production rises. National governments are increasingly banning single-use plastic products or imposing taxes on them. Consider the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the UN Environment Assembly Resolutions on Marine Litter and Microplastics, and Addressing Single-Use Plastic Products Pollution as examples of these commitments. In 2015, the UN announced the adoption of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In an effort to increase their sustainability, the SDGs have been extensively adopted by governments and businesses. There are 17 SDGs, comprising 169 targets, which are measurable against 247 unique indicators but there is only one indicator under Goal 14, specifically related to reducing impacts from microplastics. There are various international and regional legal policies which have provisions that indicate plastic pollution but none of them have mentioned microplastic pollution. There are some recent national legislations regarding microplastic pollution. This paper briefly discusses the concept of microplastics and the situation of microplastics pollution in selected South Asian countries including India, Bangladesh, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Pakistan. There is a brief overview of international and regional legal policies along with litigations are cultivated in this paper. The paper also analyzes the impact of plastic pollution over The Un Sustainable Development Goals.
Abstrak.
Salah satu masalah lingkungan paling mendesak yang dihadapi dunia saat ini adalah sampah plastik. Begitu berada di lingkungan, plastik terus terdegradasi menjadi mikroplastik, yang merupakan pecahan plastik. Ada lebih banyak janji nasional dan internasional untuk mengurangi polusi mikroplastik saat produksi plastik dunia meningkat. Pemerintah nasional semakin melarang produk plastik sekali pakai atau mengenakan pajak pada mereka. Pertimbangkan Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan PBB, Resolusi Majelis Lingkungan PBB tentang Sampah Laut dan Mikroplastik, dan Mengatasi Polusi Produk Plastik Sekali Pakai sebagai contoh dari komitmen ini. Pada 2015, PBB mengumumkan adopsi 17 Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (SDGs). Dalam upaya meningkatkan keberlanjutannya, SDGs telah diadopsi secara luas oleh pemerintah dan bisnis. Ada 17 SDGs, yang terdiri dari 169 target, yang dapat diukur dengan 247 indikator unik, tetapi hanya ada satu indikator di bawah Tujuan 14, khususnya terkait pengurangan dampak mikroplastik. Terdapat berbagai kebijakan hukum internasional dan regional yang memiliki ketentuan yang mengindikasikan pencemaran plastik namun belum ada satupun yang menyebutkan pencemaran mikroplastik. Ada beberapa undang-undang nasional baru-baru ini.
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Bajak, Chatrina Maria Agustina, Ferdinand Gansalangi, Christien Anggreini Rambi y Suniaty Kasengke. "PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN TENTANG PEMANFAATAN WADAH PLASTIK DI KAMPUNG LAPANGO KECAMATAN MANGANITU SELATAN KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE". Jurnal Ilmiah Tatengkorang 5, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2021): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54484/tkrg.v5i1.356.
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Saat ini ada 7 (tujuh) jenis wadah plastik yang beredar di masyarakat. Masing-masing diberi simbol pada setiap kemasannya. Beberapa bahaya yang dapat di timbulkan karena penggunaan plastik bagi kesehatan tubuh antara lain dapat menyebabkan kanker, gangguan sistem saraf, depresi, pembekakan hati, gangguan reproduksi, dan radang paru – paru. Selain menganggu kesehatan tubuh, plastik juga dapat menggangu ekosistem lingkungan, yaitu mengakibatkan banjir, menurunkan kesuburan tanah, menjerat hewan, meracuni makhluk hidup, pencemaraan air, dan polusi udara. Tujuan dilaksanakannya PKMS adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang pemanfaatan wadah plastik yang benar. Jumlah partisipan yang bersedia menjadi responden dalam pengambilan data saat pengabdian berjumlah 27 orang. Materi penyuluhan yang diberikan berupa pengetahuan tentang jenis-jenis plastik yang aman dan tidak aman untuk dipakai berulang, bagaimana mengurangi penggunaan plastik dalam kehidupan setiap hari, serta bagaimana mendaur ulang sampah plastik sekali pakai. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman responden sebelum penyuluhan 96% berada pada kategori cukup. Setelah penyuluhan hasil evaluasi menunjukkan 100% responden berada pada tingkat pemahaman kategori baik.
There are 7 (seven) types of plastic containers circulating in society today which their symbols are on each packaging. The dangers posed by plastic to the health of the body are causing cancer, disrupting the nervous system, depression, liver tearing, reproductive disorders, and pneumonia. In addition to disrupting the health of the body, plastic also disrupts environmental ecosystems, resulting in flooding, lowering soil fertility, ensnaring animals, poisoning living things, water pollution, and air pollution.The purpose of the implementation of the program was to improve the public's understanding about the right utilization of plastic containers. The number of respondents who were in the data collection at the time was 27 people. Materials provided by the team were about the types of plastics those were safe and unsafe to use repeatedly and how to reduce the use of plastic and recycle plastic waste. The evaluation results showed that 96% increase in respondents' level of understanding prior to counseling. The evaluation results showed 100% of respondents were at a good category level of understanding.
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Ervinawati, Ervinawati, Zulkifli Musannip Efendi Siregar y Fadzil Hanafi Asnora. "Memberdayakan Limbah Kantong Plastik Menjadi Nilai Yang Ekonomis Di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al Ikhlas Dusun Sidomulyo". Jurdimas (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Royal 5, n.º 2 (29 de mayo de 2022): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33330/jurdimas.v5i2.1493.
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Abstract: The existence of plastic waste has always been a major problem that threatens environmental sustainability. Increased plastic pollution in the soil can cause adverse effects on crops, and affect soil fertility. Plants are important for the environment and ecosystem so that plastic damages plants in the ecosystem. Community service activities carried out are in the form of training. The methods used in this training are preparing tools and materials, presentation of training materials and product manufacturing techniques, and product manufacturing processes. This plastic waste recycling activity can help create a healthy environment free from plastic waste, promote the recycling movement of plastic waste, make new materials from recycled plastic waste, use recycled materials from plastic waste, implement marketing of materials recycled materials from plastic waste, as well as realizing consumer satisfaction from the use of recycled products from plastic waste. It turns out that plastic waste which is considered useless, worthless and dangerous because it cannot decompose quickly in the environment, can provide benefits and has economic value as well as can reduce the negative impact of using plastic waste.Keywords: plastic flowers; plastic waste recycling; plastic waste. Abstrak: Keberadaan sampah plastik selalu menjadi masalah utama yang mengancam kelestarian lingkungan hidup. Meningkatnya pencemaran plastik di tanah dapat menyebabkan dampak buruk pada tanaman, dan mempengaruhi kesuburan tanah. Tumbuhan penting bagi lingkungan dan ekosistem sehingga plastik merusak tanaman di ekosistem tersebut. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan adalah berupa pelatihan. Metode yang dilakukan dalam pelatihan ini yaitu menyiapkan alat dan bahan, presentasi materi pelatihan serta teknik pembuatan produk, dan proses pembuatan produk. Kegiatan daur ulang sampah plastik tersebut dapat membantu terwujudnya lingkungan yang sehat bebas dari sampah plastik, menggalakkan gerakan daur ulang dari sampah plastik, membuat bahan-bahan baru dari daur ulang sampah plastik, menggunakan bahan-bahan daur ulang dari sampah plastik, terlaksananya pemasaran bahan-bahan daur ulang dari sampah plastik, serta mewujudkan kepuasan konsumen dari pemanfaatan produk-produk daur ulang dari sampah plastik. Ternyata sampah plastik yang dianggap tidak bermanfaat, tidak berharga dan berbahaya karena tidak dapat terurai secara cepat di lingkungan, dapat memberi manfaat dan bernilai ekonomis serta dapat mengurangi dampak negatif dari penggunaan sampah plastik. Kata kunci: bunga plastik; daur ulang sampah plastik; limbah plastik.
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B, Suresh y Poojitha . "Waste Vegetable Peals as Bioplastics: A Review". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, n.º 5 (31 de mayo de 2022): 2169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42784.
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Abstract: Bio-plastic is a significant role in our ecosystem as it is eco-friendly and compatible, when matched to plastic carry bags. Bio-plastic are produced by organic waste in environment and it degrading faster than plastic which was made of chain of polymers. Plastic made our environment poisonous, aquatic animals to die and many more. Environmental friendly plastic is made of many organic wastes like banana peel, sugarcane bagasse, newspaper, shrimps etc. Bio-plastic mostly utilised in food packaging so that they are edible to humans and doesn’t cause any disease and disintegrates fast. Bio-plastic is helpful to mankind and useful to reduce environmental pollution. Bio-plastics are not affected to nature ecosystem because it can changes back into carbon dioxide. The plastics are substituted by number of varieties of bio-plastics. In this research paper chiefly discussed on utilization of substrates like vegetable waste, fruit and green leaves including water hyacinth as alternate substrate as bio- plastics. Market demand for bio-plastic is developing due to consumer-friendly products. It is less related with conventional plastics production than other bio-plastics. Keywords: bio-plastic, environmental friendly, organic substance.
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Rezki, Miftahul, Muh Ridwan, Asty Dewi Susanty, Rahmayana Rahmayana, Sri Ulfa, Fadhil Muhammad H, Arya Apriansyah Arya Apriansyah et al. "MESIN PENCACAH PLASTIK (PLASTIC SHREDDER)". Community Services and Social Work Bulletin 1, n.º 2 (30 de enero de 2022): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31000/cswb.v1i2.5871.
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Plastic type material is a material that is often used by many people in everyday life, the use of plastic materials, especially working in the world of health, industry or household, many people make plastic materials such as glass, plates, and more used as the necessities of everyday life. The sheer amount of plastic use has the potential to increase Polluttion and it is also very bad for the environment, mostly plastic materials are dumped without further processing, to reduce the impact of plastic materials needed for chopping tools to reduce the accumulation process. Using an AC motor as a drive system for chopping the plastic can make the plastic into a smaller part.
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Techawinyutham, Laongdaw y Wiroj Techawinyutham. "Effect of Solvent Cleaning on Thermo-Mechanical and Rheological Properties of Plastic Wastes from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)". Key Engineering Materials 856 (agosto de 2020): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.856.230.
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The plastics from municipal solid waste (MSW) were modified to improve cleanness for adding value. The stir and sonication were performed as cleaning processes. Xylene, tetrachloroethylene, chloroform, acetone and toluene were used as solvent cleaning. The most suitable cleaning process was sonication method with cleaning time of 5 min and the appropriate solvent was xylene for washing the plastic wastes for further study in terms of thermo-mechanical and rheological properties. The cleaning process was successful as evidence in thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results. The properties of new plastics, cleaned plastic wastes and plastic wastes were compared and analyzed. Tensile strength of the specimens from plastic wastes was slightly decreased; however, elongation and impact strength of cleaned plastic wastes and plastic wastes sharply dropped as compared to new plastics. Tensile modulus of cleaned plastic wastes was slightly better than that of new plastics. Thermal stability of plastic waste was slightly lower than that of new plastic. Shear storage modulus (Gʹ), shear loss modulus (Gʺ) and shear viscosity (η) of new plastics showed the maximum value; on the other hand, those properties of cleaned plastic wastes and plastic wastes were similar. The cleaning method with solvent did not destroy thermo-mechanical and rheological properties of the cleaned plastic wastes.
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del Rosario, Ernesto. "Biodegradation of Plastic Waste". Transactions of the National Academy of Science and Technology 41, n.º 2019 (14 de marzo de 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.57043/transnastphl.2019.1099.
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Plastic waste has greatly contributed to water and land pollution worldwide and marine plastic waste has caused havoc on numerous biological species. Most plastics are fossil-based and cannot be fully degraded by microorganisms. Bio-based plastics derived from biomass, such as starch or cellulose, can be generally degraded into CO2 and microbial biomass. Recent scientific studies have shown that several pro-degradant additives did not perform, as claimed by plastic processors, under standard biodegradation conditions. Life cycle assessment studies in the United States and Canada confirm that the standard polyethylene grocery bag has significantly lower environmental impacts than a 30% recycled content paper bag. Major factors that differentiate cradle-to-grave impacts of plastics and alternative packaging materials include: (a) less weight of plastic material required to perform same packaging function, (b) lower water consumption per kg of plastics compared to alternatives, (d) no methane releases for land-filled plastics and (e) higher energy credits for plastics disposed via waste-to-energy combustion. A Dutch study showed that substitution of fossil-based plastics by bio-based polymers generally leads to lower non-renewable energy use and reduced greenhouse gas emission. Research at the University of the Philippines (UP) deals with the utilization of agricultural by-products, such as chitin and cellulose, to make bioplastic film for packaging. Nanoclay was also incorporated to produce a nano-composite polymer. Plastic degrading microorganisms have been isolated by UP researchers from local sources including plant root nodules, alkaline spring and soil samples. The following policies regarding plastic products are being recommended under Philippine conditions: (a) government incentives for processors/manufacturers of biodegradable plastic products, (b) restricted importation and sale of non-biodegradable, esp. single-use, plastic products, and (c) funding and logistical support for R & D on commercial additives for plastic biodegradation, local production of bioplastics and isolation of plastic-degrading microorganisms.
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Putri, Novia Wirna, Fitriyani Fitriyani, Trif Vando Rahmalber, Dea Devina Falikha, Syafa Indah Tafsia y Suci Dwi Setiawati. "Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Penerapan Kebijakan Pengurangan Kantong Plastik sebagai Upaya Mengurangi Sampah Plastik di Kota Padang". Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia 22, n.º 3 (8 de mayo de 2023): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkli.22.3.259-267.
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Latar belakang: Jumlah timbulan sampah di Kota Padang pada tahun 2019 adalah sebesar 624,24 ton/ hari. Berdasarkan data tersebut sebesar 62,42 ton/hari sampah tidak terkelola. Jumlah sampah yang diangkut ke TPA setiap hari sekitar 400 sampai 600 ton, dan sekitar 15 % nya merupakan sampah plastik. Pembatasan penggunaan kantong plastik sekali pakai di Kota Padang mengacu kepada Perwaliko nomor 36 tahun 2018. Hasil survei awal menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 50 % responden memiliki pengetahuan rendah dan 60 % sikap negatif dan 60 % responden memiliki partisipasi rendah mengenai penerapan kebijakan pengurangan kantong plastik di Kota Padang. Untuk mencapai keberhasilan penerapan kebijakan ini diperlukan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penanganan sampah plastik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat dengan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penerapan kebijakan pengurangan kantong plastik sebagai upaya mengurangi sampah plastik di Kota Padang.Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan crossectional. Jumlah sampel adalah 180 responden dengan lokasi penelitian yaitu di pusat perbelanjaan modern (Transmart Padang), toko modern (Minimarket Budiman) dan pasar tradisional (Pasar Raya Padang). Lokasi dipilih sesuai dengan Peraturan Walikota Padang terkait penerapan kebijakan penggunaan kantong plastik di Kota Padang. Pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah accidental sampling. Analisis data menggunakan univariat dan bivariat.Hasil: Sebanyak 51,1 % responden memiliki partisipasi masyarakat yang kurang baik, 34,4 % responden memiliki pengetahuan yang rendah tentang kebijakan pengurangan penggunaan kantong plastik, 41,1 % responden memiliki sikap yang negatif terhadap kebijakan penggunaan kantong plastik.. Terdapat hubungan pengetahuan (p=0,006), sikap (0,043) dengan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penerapan kebijakan pengurangan kantong plastik sebagai upaya mengurangi sampah plastik di Kota Padang.Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penerapan kebijakan pengurangan kantong plastik sebagai upaya mengurangi sampah plastik di Kota Padang. ABSTRACT Title: Knowledge, Attitude, and Public Participation in The Implementation of Plastic Bag Reduction Policies as an Effort to Reduce Plastic Waste in Padang CityBackground: The amount of waste generated in Padang City in 2019 was 624.24 tons/day. Based on these data, 62.42 tons/day of unmanaged waste. The amount of waste that is transported to landfills is around 400 to 600 tons/day, and about 15% of it is plastic waste. Restrictions on the use of single-use plastics bags in the city of Padang refer to Perwaliko number 36 of 2018. To achieve the successful implementation of this policy, community participation in handling plastic waste is required. Establish the correlation between knowledge and attitudes with community participation in implementing plastic bag reduction policies as an attempt to minimize plastic waste in the city of Padang is the aim of this studyMethod: The type of research is analytic observational with a cross-sectional design. The number of samples was 180 respondents with the research locations being in modern shopping centers (Transmart Padang), modern shops (Minimarket Budiman), and traditional markets (Pasar Raya Padang). The choice of location was in accordance with the Mayor of Padang Regulation regarding the implementation of the policy of using plastic bags in the City of Padang. The sampling used was accidental sampling. Data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis.Result: 51.1% of respondents had poor community participation, 34.4% of respondents had low knowledge, and 41.1% of respondents had negative attitudes. As many as 38% of respondents stated that plastic waste can cause pollution, and 22% can release toxic substances into the environment. There is a relationship between knowledge (p = 0.006), and attitude (0.043) with community participation in the application of plastic bag reduction policies as an attempt to minimize plastic waste in the city of Padang.Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge and attitudes with community participation in the implementation of plastic bag reduction policies as an attempt to minimize plastic waste in the city of Padang.
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Zhang, Haigang, Yilin Hou, Wenjin Zhao y Hui Na. "Control Strategies of Plastic Biodegradation through Adjusting Additives Ratios Using In Silico Approaches Associated with Proportional Factorial Experimental Design". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 9 (6 de mayo de 2022): 5670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095670.
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Plastics, as a polymer material, have long been a source of environmental concern. This paper uses polystyrene plastics as the research object, and the relative contribution of each component of plastic additives to plastic degradation is screened using the molecular dynamics method. The factorial experimental design method is combined with molecular dynamics simulation to adjust the additive composition scheme, analyze the mechanism of interaction between the additive components, and select the plastic additive combination that is most readily absorbed and degraded by microorganisms. Seven different types of plastic additives, including plasticizers, antioxidants, light and heat stabilizers, flame retardants, lubricants, and fillers, are chosen as external stimuli affecting the biodegradability of plastics. Using molecular dynamics simulation technology, it is demonstrated that plastic additives can promote the biodegradability of plastics. The factorial experimental design analysis revealed that all plastic additives can promote plastic biodegradation and plasticizer is the most favorable factor affecting plastic degradation, that hydrophobicity interactions are the primary reason for enhancing plastic degradation, and that screening No. 116–45 (plasticizer A, light stabilizer C, flame retardant E) is the most advantageous combination of biodegradable plastic additives. The plastic biodegradation effect regulation scheme proposed in this study is based on optimizing the proportion of additive components. To continue research on aquatic biodegradable plastics, the optimal combination of plastic components that can be absorbed and degraded by microorganisms is recommended.
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A, Nanhini. "Isolation of Plastic Degrading Fungi from Plastic Dumped Sites". Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 9, n.º 2 (2 de abril de 2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000290.
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Plastics that are biodegradable can be considered environment friendly, they have an increasing range of potential application and are driven by the growing use of plastics in packaging. In this study, the biodegradation of Low-density Polyethylene films was analyzed about 1 month of incubation in liquid culture method. In this investigation, soil samples were collected from two different plastic dumped sites and the fungus were isolated through spread plate technique from diluted soil samples. Among the six fungal isolates were tested for checking its degradation ability of plastics. This study showed the cultural analysis for its ability to adhere and grow on the LDPE films. The activity enzyme produced by these fungal isolates was responsible for the biodegradation. Isolating plastic-degrading fungi from plastic dumped sites serves several important purposes, Understanding the role of fungi in plastic degradation can shed light on the ecological impact of plastic pollution on ecosystems. It can also help identify potential solutions to mitigate this impact. Isolating fungi from plastic dumped sites contributes to the exploration of microbial biodiversity in these environments. It can lead to the discovery of novel fungal species with unique abilities to degrade plastic.
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Antony Sentoso, Nicholas Nicholas, Tan Phey Lien, Jesslyn Larissa, Selvia Eka Marliana, Richmond Richmond y Joven Alfando Cang. "Analisis Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dan Green Human Resources Management pada PT Batam Plastik". CiDEA Journal 2, n.º 2 (25 de diciembre de 2023): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.56444/cideajournal.v2i2.1280.
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The plastic manufacturing industry in Indonesia has become a much needed industry because consumption power continues to rise. One company in Batam that produces plastic is PT Batam Plastik. As a plastic factory, PT Batam Plastik will add plastic waste that cannot be broken down in Batam City. This article was created to analyze the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program and green human resource management at PT Batam Plastik. This type of qualitative research uses data collection techniques using interview and observation techniques. Based on the results of the analysis that has been carried out, PT Plastik Batam has implemented the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program and environmentally friendly human resource management correctly. This is based on data from interviews conducted where PT Plastik Batam recycles plastic waste into recycled products and has trained its employees on how to recycle plastic and reuse plastic.
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Ravindra B. Malabadi, Kiran P. Kolkar, Raju K. Chalannavar, Reshanth Vassanthini y Bhagyavana S. Mudigoudra. "Industrial Cannabis sativa: Hemp Plastic-Updates". World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 20, n.º 1 (30 de octubre de 2023): 715–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.20.1.2102.
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This review paper updates the benefits of using hemp fibre for the production hemp plastic. Traditional fossil-fuel based plastic production emits massive levels of greenhouse gasses, and the material can take hundreds of years to break down. Traditionally, plastics are made from petroleum-based compounds, which release toxic gases into the atmosphere. Petroleum-based plastics and its by-product have a devastating effect on the land, water, and wildlife. Biodegradable plastics are produced using petro-chemicals just like conventional plastics except some additives are included in their manufacturing which helps them in there fast degradation. Hemp plastic is a type of biodegradable plastic made from hemp fibres, which has a sufficiently high cellulose concentration in manufacturing polymers. The resulting material is fully biodegradable and recyclable. It can then be processed into various products, including packaging, consumer goods, automotive parts, and more conventional plastics. Hemp plastic which is 100% biodegradable, can be a better alternative to synthetic plastic. Hemp plastic is also lightweight, with an impressively high density to weight ratio. This makes hemp plastic a potentially good material for making lightweight components in the car and aerospace industry. Conversely, hemp plastic helps to minimize the greenhouse effect. Hemp plastic offers great thermal, UV, and dimensional stability. Some types of hemp plastic are also resistant to flame. Hemp plastic is solely produced using the cellulose extracted from hemp plant and therefore, causes no toxicity during its production.
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Sadhukhan, Jhuma y Kartik Sekar. "Economic Conditions to Circularize Clinical Plastics". Energies 15, n.º 23 (27 de noviembre de 2022): 8974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15238974.
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Over 5.5 million tons of plastic waste are generated globally from the research sectors. A university laboratory, e.g., pathology, can generate 250 tons of clinical plastic waste annually. The UK National Health Service (NHS) generates 133 kilotons (kt) of clinical plastic waste annually. Healthcare facilities in the US generate 1.7 million tons of clinical plastic waste annually. In addition, 95% of the clinical plastics are single-use plastics derived from fossil resources, i.e., crude oils. These single-use clinical plastic wastes are incinerated, contributing to global warming, or go to the landfill, contributing to resource depletion. Plastic leakage is a major threat to the environment. This linear plastics economy model, take-make-dispose, must be replaced by a circular plastics economy, i.e., sort plastic wastes, wash, decontaminate, recover materials, blend with bio-based compounds as necessary and circulate recyclate plastics, for holistic systemic sustainability. While there are multi-faceted environmental drivers for a circular plastics economy, there are many uncertainties in the economic attributes, electricity price, labor cost and chemical cost being the primary ones influencing the cost of production of secondary or recyclate plastics, requiring government and policy support, such as a gate fee on plastic waste by the generators to the recyclers. An essential macroeconomic condition for techno-economically (or micro-economically) feasible plastic waste recycling is low oil and gas prices that influence the recyclate plastics and electricity prices. It is essential to de-fossilize the economy by decoupling renewable electricity generation from natural gas consumption and fossil-independent biopolymer productions displacing fossil-derived plastics to stimulate the circular economy. This study shows a comprehensive and robust technoeconomic analysis of mechanical recycling of clinical plastic wastes into secondary plastics recovery.
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Alpiana, Alpiana, Diah Rahmawati y Joni Safaat Adiansyah. "PEMBENTUKAN TAMAN HIJAU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SAMPAH PLASTIK". SELAPARANG Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan 3, n.º 2 (10 de mayo de 2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v3i2.1897.
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ABSTRAK Sampah merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang ada di sekitar kita, dimana sumber sampah salah satunya berasal dari suatu kelompok dengan jumlah aktivitas manusia yang komposisinya 75% terdiri dari sampah organik dan 25% sampah anorganik. Sampah anorganik yang paling banyak dijumpai di masyarakat adalah sampah plastik. Pada tahun 2008 produksi sampah plastik untuk kemasan mencapai 925.000 ton dan sekitar 80% berpotensi menjadi sampah yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Karena potensi yang cukup besar, alangkah lebih baik untuk dimanfaatkan sampah plastik ini menjadi suatu produk yang mendukung kehidupan kita. Salah satu cara pemanfaatan sampah plastik khususnya yang berasal dari sampah botol minimum yaitu dengan penggunaan sampah botol menjadi pot untuk taman hijau akan membantu Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram memiliki gerakan menanam dan mengurangi sampah plastik. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat menggunakan sampah plastik untuk dibuatkan menjadi pot yang dapat digantung atau dirangkai sehingga bisa menjadi taman hijau. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan yaitu sampah plastik dan kawat atau tali. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan dilakukan pengumpulan terlebih dahulu, dilakukan pemilahan, membersihkan plastik, membentuk pot, melakukan penanaman, dan dilakukan perawatan. Mitra dalam kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat adalah pengelola kantin dan mahasiswa. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat melibatkan mitra pengelola kantin yang berperan untuk pengumpulan botol plastik yang nantinya akan dipilih sesuai dengan kebutuhan pot yang dibuat untuk taman hijau dan mahasiswa yang berperan menjadi pionir dalam membuat taman hijau dan perawatan untuk taman hijau. Taman hijau yang telah terbentuk telah menjadi langkah kecil untuk mencapai zero waste yang merupakan program NTB Gemilang. Kata kunci : sampah; plastik; taman hijau. ABSTRACT Garbage is one of the problems around us, where one source of waste comes from a group with a total of 75% of human activity consisting of organic waste and 25% inorganic waste. Inorganic waste that is most often found in the community is plastic waste. In 2008 the production of plastic waste for packaging reached 925,000 tons and around 80% has the potential to become hazardous waste for the environment. Because of its considerable potential, it would be better to make use of this plastic waste into a product that supports our lives. One way to utilize plastic waste, especially those originating from minimum bottle waste, is the use of bottle waste into pots for green parks will help the University of Muhammadiyah Mataram have a movement to plant and reduce plastic waste. Community service activities use plastic waste to be made into pots that can be hung or strung together so that they can become green parks. The materials used are plastic waste and wire or rope. The materials used are collected in advance, sorting, cleaning plastics, forming pots, planting, and carried out maintenance. Partners in community service activities are canteen managers and students. Community service activities involve canteen management partners whose role is to collect plastic bottles which will be selected according to the needs of pots made for green parks and students who play a pioneering role in making green parks and care for green parks. The green park that has been formed has become a small step towards achieving zero waste which is the NTB Gemilang program. Keywords : garbage; plastic; green garden.
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Yuriz, Yasmin, Tuan Noor Hasanah Tuan Ismail, Ismail Mohamed y Nik Normunira Mat Hassan. "CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES OF PLASTIC WASTES: POSSIBILITY OF REINFORCING MATERIAL FOR SOIL". Jurnal Teknologi 83, n.º 4 (7 de junio de 2021): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v83.14676.
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The current statistic shows that the percentage of plastic has significantly increased in the landfill and leads to environmental issues due to its non-biodegradable characteristic. However, these challenges can be turned into opportunities by reusing and recycling such waste for civil engineering applications. Hence, the focuses of this paper are to analyze the possibility of utilizing plastic waste in the soil reinforcement field using VOSviewer software and to evaluate the chemical, thermal, physical, and mechanical properties of the plastics (plastic straw, plastic bottle, and plastic bag). The data for this study was collected from the articles published in Scopus. Nevertheless, there are very limited articles that relate soil reinforcement with the thermal, chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of plastic waste. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the properties of plastic waste, which were plastic bottles, plastic bags, and plastic straw. The properties of plastic waste have been investigated to ensure it meets the requirement for soil reinforcement technology. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated the presence of carbon and hydrogen chains in those plastics waste. The plastic straw, plastic bag, and plastic bottle were degraded at 382°C, 456°C, and 449°C, respectively. This finding indicated that all of these plastics waste were thermally stable in the tropical temperature. Moreover, the densities of the plastics waste were less than 1 g/cm3, which contributes to the lightweight material and it’s very crucial to eliminating the self-loading from the reinforcement material.
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Azzaki, Dawud Abdullah, Dian Rahayu Jati, Aini Sulastri, Robby Irsan y Jumiati Jumiati. "Analisis Pemanfaatan Sampah Plastik dengan Metode Buang, Pisah, dan Untung Menggunakan Sistem Barcode". Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 20, n.º 2 (3 de enero de 2022): 252–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.20.2.252-262.
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Sampah yang meningkat tanpa adanya penanganan lebih lanjut akan mengakibatkan permasalahan serius. Penimbunan sampah dapat bertahan dengan waktu yang lama, yang disebabkan oleh lambatnya waktu dekomposisi dari timbunan sampah, khususnya sampah plastik. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui jumlah sampah plastik yang dihasilkan, keuntungan yang dihasilkan dan keberlanjutan dari penerapan metode Buang, Pisah, Untung (Bungpitung) menggunakan sistem barcode. Penelitian mengambil metode purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data berupa data sekunder harga jual sampah plastik dan data primer timbulan sampah plastik dan wawancara. Penelitian menggunakan analisis metode gabungan (mixed methods) penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Total timbulan sampah plastik dari semua responden sebesar 136.508 gr dengan rata-rata timbulan sampah plastik 65 gr/orang/hari. Bentuk sampah plastik dominan terbanyak Gelas Bening Sablon (GBS) sebesar 35.526 gr. Bentuk sampah plastik dominan terbanyak dari total seluruh jenis yaitu Botol Bening Biru (BBB) sebesar 40.525 gr. Total keuntungan sampah plastik yang diperoleh dari semua responden sebesar Rp 128.945 dengan rata-rata keuntungan sampah plastik Rp 61,4 /hari. Tingginya nilai timbulan sampah plastik, tingginya nilai keuntungan yang dihasilkan, kontinuitas penerapan metode bungpitung, peningkatan wawasan mengenai pengelolaan sampah plastik, peningkatan perilaku dalam mengelola sampah plastik serta pendapat secara langsung oleh responden mengenai kelayakan metode Bungpitung merupakan bukti metode Bungpitung layak diterapkan pada masyarakat di masa yang akan datang.ABSTRACTIncreased waste without further handling will lead to serious problems. The landfill can last for a long time, which is caused by the slow decomposition time of the landfill, especially plastic waste. This study aims to determine the amount of plastic waste produced, the profits generated from the application of the Dispose, Separate, Profit (Bungpitung) method using a barcode system. The research took the purposive sampling method. Collecting data in the form of secondary data on the selling price of plastic waste and primary data on the generation of plastic waste and interviews. This study uses a combined analysis (mixed methods) of quantitative and qualitative research. The total generation of plastic waste from all respondents is 136,508 grams with an average plastic waste generation of 65 grams/person/day. The dominant form of plastic waste is Screen Printing Clear Plastic Cups (GBS) as much as 35.526 gr. The most common form of plastic waste of all types is Blue Clear Plastic Bottle (BBB) of 40,525 gr. The total profit from plastic waste obtained from all respondents is Rp. 128,945 with an average profit of Rp. 61.4/day for plastic waste. The high value of plastic waste generation, the increase in the value of the profits generated, the continuity of the application of the bungpitung method, increased insight into plastic waste management, increased behavior in managing plastic waste, and direct assessment by respondents about Bungpitung methods suitable for use in the community in the future.
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Baran, Bernadeta. "Resource (in)efficiency in the EU: a case of plastic waste". Ekonomia i Prawo 21, n.º 1 (31 de marzo de 2022): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/eip.2022.003.
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Motivation: Plastics are versatile materials with applications in numerous sectors. They contribute to effective resource protection during their usage phase but a great challenge is increasing amount of unmanaged plastic waste and its environmental impact. Meanwhile, plastic waste is a valuable raw material. Appropriate management reduces environmental pressure and brings economic benefits. The transition to circularity is a strategic objective of the EU but it involves numerous obstacles. This article deals with these issues.
Aim: The purpose of the article is to indicate the scale of losses in one of key waste stream — plastic waste — by looking at origin, way of collection and treatment of end-of-use plastics. The analysis aims to show the level of recycling in relation to the demand for plastic (as commonly used recycling indicator refers only to the plastic waste collected), the way the plastic waste is managed in various sectors and the specific barriers to its recycling.
Results: Recycling of plastic waste accounts for only about 5–10% of the total demand for plastic. Overall, post-consumer plastic waste collected for treatment constitutes 49% of plastics production. 32.5% of those collected plastics is recycled, compared with 25% of plastics landfilled and 42.5% recovered for energy. Still a lot of plastic waste is exported to developing countries, some is hidden in untracked trade flow or illegal landfills. The EU is shifting from linear to circular approach but it is only the beginning of economic transformation towards plastics circularity.
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Gazzotti, Stefano, Beatrice De Felice, Marco Aldo Ortenzi y Marco Parolini. "Approaches for Management and Valorization of Non-Homogeneous, Non-Recyclable Plastic Waste". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 16 (15 de agosto de 2022): 10088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610088.
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The environmental accumulation of plastic wastes has become one of the most discussed topics in the scientific community. The development of new strategies to tackle this issue is of crucial importance, and different approaches are being investigated to effectively reduce plastic waste generated by improper or inefficient disposal. In addition to the efforts addressing the development of biodegradable plastics, the research is currently focused on the development of innovative recycling approaches. Indeed, although most plastic materials are potentially recyclable, only 15% of the worldwide plastic waste is currently recycled, while the remaining 85% is usually incinerated to recover thermal energy or landfilled. The hurdles to efficient recycling come from improper management of end-of-life plastic goods. Moreover, the highly heterogeneous nature and versatility of plastic and polymeric materials have led to the development of multilayered materials, composites, blends and many other different species, whose management and/or reprocessing to yield high-value products is extremely challenging. Thus, although these materials are extremely valuable from an industrial point of view, they add a high degree of complexity to the recycling process because each one of them is different from the other, but they cannot be separated efficiently. The aim of the present review is to return a comprehensive overview of environmental and management issues related to the complex and heterogeneous mixture of plastic waste that is generated at the end of the sorting procedures in Italian plastic recycling plants, the so-called ‘Plasmix’. This review lists the difficulties and limitations related to the management of non-recyclable Plasmix and highlights the strategies for the proper, sustainable and valuable use of this plastic waste.
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Ashwinikumar B. Kshirsagar y Ashok A. Shinde. "Bio-plastic from renewable biomass sources". International Journal of Science and Research Archive 8, n.º 1 (30 de enero de 2023): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.8.1.0012.
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Bio-plastics are environment – friendly and biodegradable hence provide an effective way to replace the conventional plastics. In this experiment five different crops were taken and then extracted the starch from each crop. Starch is used as a source for producing bio-plastics. Bio-plastic were generated from different starches. Sorghum showed the maximum production of starch (369gm). 15% glycerol is used as a plasticiser and bio-plastics was produced from the extracted starch. Glycerol increases its flexibility. Sodium meta-bisulphate was used as a antimicrobial activity. Maize showed the maximum production of plastic i.e. 28.26 gm. Once the bio-plastics made, the quality parameters were studied. Like tensile strength, elongation test and degradation test. While calculating tensile strength the stretchiness and toughness of that particular bio-plastic sample is important and the tensile strength of maize is 5.80 Mpa found to be maximum among all. An elongation test was carried out, and maximum elongation was takes place in plastic made from potato starch i.e it was elongated about 1.89 cm. In the degradation test the bio-plastic from rice takes more time for degradation. It degrades at the rate of 5.67 gm plastic in 10 days and plastic from sorghum degrades rapidly than other crops. In this study, the experiment conducted in order to produce biodegradable plastic from starch isolated from the different crops. The plastic sample produced may not characteristics of a petrochemical based plastic but it is good in biodegradability. Its tensile strength found that the plastic can be stretched as a conventional plastic. Bio-plastic s doesn’t contain any harmful chemicals. It will help us to protect the environment.
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Thanh, Nguyen Truong, Kim Lavane y Nguyen Vo Chau Ngan. "Potential For Recycling Single-Use Plastic Waste - Case Study in Can Tho City, Vietnam". International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology 10, n.º 1 (21 de octubre de 2023): 1184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i1.2823.
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Circular economy is an economic ideal that has been concretized by the Vietnamese Government in the Law on Environmental Protection 2020. As a part of this model, plastic waste reuse and recycling are encouraged to extend the product life cycle. This study investigates the composition of recyclable plastic waste within the domestic waste sources in Can Tho city. The wastes were collected at waste gathering places, residential areas, markets, bus stations, and schools in the urban district of Ninh Kieu and suburban district of Cai Rang in Can Tho city. The results show that disposable plastic items are very diverse such as grocery bags, plastic bags, foam boxes, straws, drinking water bottles, etc. Plastic components accounted from 6.82 % in Cai Rang district to 14.89 % in Ninh Kieu district of the total waste. In which, LDPE plastic was the highest with 38.17 %, HDPE plastic and PETE plastic accounted for 20.81% and 4.89 %, respectively. Particularly, PETE is less found than other plastics as it is collected by scrap person at the disposal sources or by sanitation worker at the waste gathering place. PETE and HDPE plastics are completely recyclable, accounting for 25.70 %. In addition, LDPE plastic is also recyclable (38.17%) compared to other components. Thus, the recyclable plastic ratio of PETE, HDPE, and LDPE reaches 63.88 %. Meanwhile, non-recyclable plastics, accounted for 36.12 %, such as PS plastic (14.18 %), PP plastic (9.83 %) and other plastics (12.12 %). From the results, the amount of recyclable plastic discarded into the environment is nearly twice that of non-recyclable plastic. The potential to utilize recyclable plastics will most likely fit the circular economy model, which will both extend the product life cycle while limiting waste generation and minimizing adverse environmental impacts.
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Grąz, Katarzyna, Agnieszka Generowicz, Justyna Kwaśny, Anna Gronba-Chyła, Paweł Kwaśnicki, Józef Ciuła, Jacek Łapiński y Wioletta Bajdur. "Microplastics from Plastic Waste as a Limitation of Sustainability of the Environment". Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska 25 (2023): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.54740/ros.2023.037.
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The massive emergence of plastics has contributed to their widespread use in everyday life. Unfortunately, the lack of appropriate technologies for processing these materials has contributed to environmental pollution by plastic particles. This study investigated the possibility of obtaining nanoparticles from selected plastics such as polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate. Polyethylene was obtained from plastic bag waste, and polyethylene terephthalate was from crushed plastic bottles of mineral water. The first stage of nanoparticle production was to grind the collected used plastic waste, i.e., plastic bags and plastic bottles, to the smallest possible size using a cutting mill. Next, the waste was ground in a planetary-ball mill and then homogenised in a homogeniser. The particle size distribution of the obtained particles for selected waste plastics was examined using the Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) method. The objective of the work was achieved – as a result of the performed procedures, nanoparticles of waste plastics were obtained. The following average sizes for particular materials were obtained: plastic bottles (PET) 212.81 nm, plastic bags (PE) 208.14 nm, and smaller particles, e.g. 27.74 nm.
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Zhou, Ziheng. "Analysis on Chinas Plastic Control Based on Promotion Challenges of Plastic Ban and Degradable Plastic". Applied and Computational Engineering 3, n.º 1 (25 de mayo de 2023): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/3/20230502.
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The production of plastics has made many aspects of modern life easier, but at the expense of the environment in ways that cannot be reversed. Since every country began enacting its own set of regulations to curb the manufacturing and consumption of conventional plastics, the question of biodegradable polymers has been at the forefront of public discourse. The use of biodegradable plastic is fraught with difficulties that need for decisive measures to be taken in light of extensive research. The paper highlights the urgent need to stress plastic pollution, and it analyzes the progress and current barriers of China's pushing plastic ban and degradable plastic. The paper also focuses on the urgent need to stress plastic pollution. In addition, the paper offers recommendations for China's policies and activities, serving as a point of reference for the treatment of plastic pollution and the prevention of it in a manner that is environmentally responsible.
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Prata, Joana C., Ana L. Patrício Silva, João P. da Costa, Catherine Mouneyrac, Tony R. Walker, Armando C. Duarte y Teresa Rocha-Santos. "Solutions and Integrated Strategies for the Control and Mitigation of Plastic and Microplastic Pollution". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, n.º 13 (7 de julio de 2019): 2411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132411.
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Plastic pollution is generated by the unsustainable use and disposal of plastic products in modern society, threatening economies, ecosystems, and human health. Current clean-up strategies have attempted to mitigate the negative effects of plastic pollution but are unable to compete with increasing quantities of plastic entering the environment. Thus, reducing inputs of plastic to the environment must be prioritized through a global multidisciplinary approach. Mismanaged waste is a major land-based source of plastic pollution that can be reduced through improvements in the life-cycle of plastics, especially in production, consumption, and disposal, through an Integrated Waste Management System. In this review paper, we discuss current practices to improve life cycle and waste management of plastics that can be implemented to reduce health and environmental impacts of plastics and reduce plastics pollution. Ten recommendations for stakeholders to reduce plastic pollution include (1) regulation of production and consumption; (2) eco-design; (3) increasing the demand for recycled plastics; (4) reducing the use of plastics; (5) use of renewable energy for recycling; (6) extended producer responsibility over waste; (7) improvements in waste collection systems; (8) prioritization of recycling; (9) use of bio-based and biodegradable plastics; and (10) improvement in recyclability of e-waste.
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T S, Athulya y Reshma J K. "Tackling Low-Value Plastics: Environmental and Health Concerns". International Journal of Research and Review 11, n.º 1 (30 de enero de 2024): 717–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20240181.
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Plastic pollution, spanning macroplastics to nanoplastics, poses multifaceted challenges. Low-value plastics (LVP), like multi-layered plastics (MLP) and soft plastics, are often discarded, exacerbating environmental issues. LVP's classification, with high collection costs and complex recycling, demands immediate attention. This study explores LVP management solutions, including converting to plastic lumber and RDF products. Anticipated advancements in multilayer plastic recycling offer hope, with downcycling as an option. LVP's environmental and health impacts, including microplastic contamination and toxin release during incineration, underscore the need for sustainable waste practices and plastic alternatives. Addressing LVP is crucial for environmental and human health, ensuring sustainability. Keywords: Low-value plastics, Multi-Layered Plastic (MLP), Health implications, Recycling challenges
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Lee, Ga Hyun, Do-Wook Kim, Yun Hui Jin, Sang Min Kim, Eui Seok Lim, Min Ji Cha, Ja Kyong Ko et al. "Biotechnological Plastic Degradation and Valorization Using Systems Metabolic Engineering". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, n.º 20 (14 de octubre de 2023): 15181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242015181.
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Various kinds of plastics have been developed over the past century, vastly improving the quality of life. However, the indiscriminate production and irresponsible management of plastics have led to the accumulation of plastic waste, emerging as a pressing environmental concern. To establish a clean and sustainable plastic economy, plastic recycling becomes imperative to mitigate resource depletion and replace non-eco-friendly processes, such as incineration. Although chemical and mechanical recycling technologies exist, the prevalence of composite plastics in product manufacturing complicates recycling efforts. In recent years, the biodegradation of plastics using enzymes and microorganisms has been reported, opening a new possibility for biotechnological plastic degradation and bio-upcycling. This review provides an overview of microbial strains capable of degrading various plastics, highlighting key enzymes and their role. In addition, recent advances in plastic waste valorization technology based on systems metabolic engineering are explored in detail. Finally, future perspectives on systems metabolic engineering strategies to develop a circular plastic bioeconomy are discussed.
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Alamsyah, Ridha y Sri Ainun Fadli. "Kondisi Sampah Plastik di Pantai Desa Pattongko Kabupaten Sinjai Sulawesi Selatan". Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia 22, n.º 2 (28 de marzo de 2023): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkli.22.2.208-213.
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Latar belakang: Sampah plastik merupakan salah satu masalah dunia saat ini yang belum tertangani dengan baik. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara penghasil sampah plastik terbesar di dunia, yaitu 9,13 juta ton. Berbagai upaya perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi dampak sampah plastik. Salah satunya dengan mendata kondisi sampah, termasuk di wilayah pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah dan tingkat kepadatan sampah plastik di Desa Pattongko. Data ini akan menjadi referensi dalam pengelolaan pesisir terutama yang berkaitan dengan solusi pengurangan dampak sampah plastik.Metode: Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik survei, yang dilakukan dengan pengamatan di kawasan shoreline. Menggunakan tiga stasiun dengan karakteristik yang berbeda yang ada di Pantai Desa Pattongko Kabupaten Sinjai. Menarik transek sepanjang 100 meter tegak lurus garis pantai pada batas pasang tertinggi dan surut terendah, kemudian dibagi menjadi empat bagian. Sampah plastik yang diamati berdiameter lebih dari 2,5 cm. Data disajikan dengan grafik jumlah sampah perstasiun. Selanjutnya menghitung tingkat kepadatan sampah menggunakan indeks kebersihan pantai.Hasil: Hasil yang diperoleh rata-rata jumlah sampah tertinggi di stasiun I 33,25±21,55 dengan tingkat kepadatan 0,24 butir/m2. Kemudian di stasiun 3 dengan rata-rata sampah 38,5±22,17 dengan tingkat kepadatan 0,24 butir/m2. Rata-rata jumlah sampah terendah terdapat di stasiun 2 20,00±11,97 dengan tingkat kepadatan 0,11 butir/m2.Simpulan: Sampah plastik merupakan jenis yang mendominasi area pengamatan. Pengamatan berkala dilakukan untuk mengendalikan penggunaan plastik, dan diperlukan kesadaran masyarakat untuk mengurangi penggunaan dan pencemaran plastik ABSTRACTTitle: Condition of Plastic Waste on the Beach of Pattongko Village Sinjai Regency, South SulawesiBackground: Plastic waste is one of the world's problems today that has not been handled properly. Indonesia is one of the largest plastic waste producing countries in the world, namely 9.13 million tons. Various efforts need to be made to reduce the impact of plastic waste. One of them is by recording the condition of waste, including in coastal areas. This study aims to determine the amount and density of plastic waste in Pattongko Village. This data will be a reference in coastal management, especially with regard to solutions to reduce the impact of plastic waste. Method: Sampling used a survey technique, which was carried out by observing the shoreline area. Using three stations with different characteristics in Pattongko Village Beach, Sinjai Regency. Draw a 100 meter long transect perpendicular to the shoreline at the highest tide and lowest low tide, then divide it into four parts. Observed plastic waste with a diameter of more than 2.5 cm. The data is presented with a graph of the amount of waste per station. Next, calculate the level of density of garbage using the coastal cleanliness index.Result: The results obtained are the highest average amount of waste at station I 33.25±21.55 with a density level of 0.24 items/m2. Then at station 3 with an average waste of 38.5±22.17 with a density level of 0.24 items/m2. The lowest average amount of waste was found at station 2 20.00±11.97 with a density level of 0.11 items/m2.Conclusion: Plastic debris is the type that dominates the observation area. Periodic observations are made to control the use of plastic, and public awareness is needed to reduce the use and pollution of plastics
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Astuti, Arieyanti Dwi, Jatmiko Wahyudi, Aeda Ernawati y Siti Qorrotu Aini. "Kajian Pendirian Usaha Biji Plastik di Kabupaten Pati, Jawa Tengah". Jurnal Litbang: Media Informasi Penelitian, Pengembangan dan IPTEK 16, n.º 2 (12 de diciembre de 2020): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.33658/jl.v16i2.204.
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ENGLISHEstablishment of a company which recycles plastic waste into plastic pellet not only benefits for eliminating waste but also for driving circular economy. Recycling plastic waste in particular low density polyethylene (LDPE) can be conducted in a small-scale industry with simple technology and low investment. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of a plastics pellet business from both financial and non-financial perspectives. Financial perspective encompasses net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and payback period (PP) while non-financial perspective includes market, technical, socio-economic and environmental aspects. The result shows that according to both financial and non-financial aspects, the establishment of recycling company is feasible. The recycling business has the NPV= IDR 10,631,879,342; IRR = 15.38%; and PP = 2 years 1 months 26 days. As main raw material, LDPE is abundant and the demand for plastic pellet continues to grow. Technically, the company will be situated close to landfill considering many factors in order to comply with the regulation. From socio-economic aspect, the company will create jobs and generates local taxes. Environmentally, utilizing 3.6 tons of LDPE daily from landfill enables the company to lengthen life span of landfill and to eliminate plastic waste. INDONESIAPendirian perusahaan daur ulang yang memproses sampah plastik menjadi biji plastik memberikan manfaat tidak hanya untuk mengurangi timbulan sampah namun juga dapat untuk menggerakkan perputaran ekonomi. Daur ulang sampah plastik khususnya plastik jenis Low Density Poly Ethylene (LDPE) dapat dijalankan oleh perusahaan berskala kecil dengan menggunakan teknologi sederhana dan modal yang tidak terlalu tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kelayakan usaha biji plastik ditinjau dari aspek finansial dan non finansial. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha daur ulang sampah plastik jenis LDPE menjadi biji plastik layak untuk dijalankan. Berdasarkan aspek finansial, usaha ini memiliki nilai NPV = Rp10.631.879.342; IRR = 15,38%; PP = 2 tahun 1 bulan 26 hari. Bahan baku sampah plastik LDPE tersedia melimpah dan belum banyak didaur ulang. Selain itu permintaan terhadap produk biji plastik terus mengalami peningkatan. Lokasi perusahaan direncanakan terletak tidak jauh dari Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) Sukoharjo Kabupaten Pati dengan pertimbangan lokasi tersebut memenuhi persyaratan yang ditetapkan oleh peraturan. Pendirian usaha daur ulang berpotensi membuka lapangan kerja dan memberikan pajak daerah. Ditinjau dari aspek lingkungan, kemampuan perusahaan untuk mendaur ulang 3,6 ton sampah plastik LDPE per hari berkontribusi untuk memperpanjang usia pakai TPA dan dapat mengurangi timbulan sampah plastik.