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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Pistacia lentisus"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 10 de marzo de 2023

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Pistacia lentisus"

Sehaki, Chabha, Nathalie Jullian, Fadila Ayati, Farida Fernane y Eric Gontier. "A Review of Pistacia lentiscus Polyphenols: Chemical Diversity and Pharmacological Activities". Plants 12, n.º 2 (7 de enero de 2023): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12020279.

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Pistacia lentiscus (lentisk) is a plant species of the Anacardiaceae family. It is a medicinal plant that grows wild in the Mediterranean region. This review aims to update the existing knowledge regarding P. lentiscus polyphenols by consulting references dated from 1996 to 2022. The data are organized and analyzed as follows: (i) to show the chemical diversity of phenolic products from P. lentiscus; (ii) to summarize the variability in phenolic composition and quantity; this could be attributed to plant origin, environmental conditions, phenological stage, and the polarity of the extraction solvents; (iii) to present the pharmacological properties in agreement with the traditional uses of this plant; and (iv) to demonstrate the correlation between the chemical profile and the pharmacological effect. Various compositions were observed, including phenolic acids, flavonoid glycosides, anthocyanins, catechins, and their derivatives. The biological and therapeutic potentials of lentisk extracts have been evaluated in terms of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Most of these activities are related to the phenolic composition of this plant. The content of this review will undoubtedly contribute to the choice of techniques for isolating the different bioactive molecules contained in the P. lentiscus. It is also of significance for the potential development of a micro-industrial sector based on the valorization of lentisk polyphenols.

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Wissal, Dhifi, Jelali Nahida, Chaabani Emna, Beji Maroua, Fatnassi Saloua, Omri Semia y Mnif Wissem. "Chemical composition of Lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus L.) seed oil". African Journal of Agricultural Research 8, n.º 16 (2 de mayo de 2013): 1395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar11.1837.

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Yildirim, Hakan, Ahmet Onay, Kazim Gunduz, Sezai Ercisli y Firat Ege Karaat. "An improved micropropagation protocol for lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus L.)". Folia Horticulturae 31, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2019): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2019-0003.

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AbstractThis study presents an efficient improvement in the in vitro propagation protocol for one cloned genotype of lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus L.) by assessing the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) concentrations, different cytokinins and amino acids and their concentrations on shoot proliferation, the effects of shoot length on rooting and the effects of compost type (sterile and non-sterile) on acclimatization. The best growth medium for multiple shoot induction was the MS medium supplemented with a combination of 1 mg l−1 BA, 100 mg l−1 tryptophan and 0.5 mg l-1 GA3, which gave a mean shoot length of 1.64 ± 0.07 cm and a mean bud number of 5.46 ± 0.16. The best results in terms of root length, rooting rate and the number of roots per shoot were obtained with 2 cm long shoots. The rooted plantlets were readily acclimatized in the sterile compost. In conclusion, the micropropagation protocol developed in this study can be used for large-scale propagation of P. lentiscus L. in reforestation programmes.

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&NA;. "Pistacia lentiscus". Reactions Weekly &NA;, n.º 1413 (agosto de 2012): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201214130-00133.

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Benalia, Nabiha, Abdenour Boumechhour, Sergio Ortiz, Cristian A. Echague, Thorsten Rose, Bernd L. Fiebich, Smain Chemat et al. "Identification of alkylsalicylic acids in Lentisk oil (Pistacia lentiscus L.) and viability assay on Human Normal Dermal Fibroblasts". OCL 28 (2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2021009.

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Pistacia lentiscus L. (Anacardiaceae) is widely distributed in the Mediterranean basin. Its fruit oil is used in traditional medicine to treat burns, skin impairments as well as inflammatory diseases as soothing massage or internal use. An increased interest is spotted lately with several commercial brands are spun portraying the benefits of this oil but with no stringent regulations to ascertain its safe use as an edible or cosmeceutical product. This work concerned the investigation of secondary metabolites presents in Pistacia lentiscus fruits oil using both GC-MS and HPLC-DAD-MS technics, and the evaluation of cytotoxicity on human normal dermal fibroblasts to assess safety of use as cosmetic ingredient. This study stands as the first one to report the identification of alkylsalicylic acids in fruits oil and unsaponifiable fraction of Pistacia lentiscus fruit oil which calls for therefore, quantification of alkylsalicylic acids, known as skin irritants, in Pistacia lentiscus oil, used as nutraceuticals or cosmeceuticals by manufacturers.

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KOÇ, İbrahim, Ahmet ONAY y Yelda ÖZDEN ÇİFTÇİ. "In vitro regeneration and conservation of the lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus L.)". TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY 38 (2014): 653–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/biy-1401-69.

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Ahmed MA Hamad y Milud A Altaiaf. "Evaluation of antioxidants activity of some tree barks grown in Libya (Al Jabal Al Akhdar) Pinus halepensis Mill, Pistacia lentiscus L, Juniperus phoenicea L". Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 2, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2021): 060–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2021.2.1.0047.

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The aim of the present study investigated anti-oxidant activity of various methanol-water extracts from tree barks grown in Libya (Al Jabal AL Akhdar) by four anti-oxidant assays FRAP. DPPH. H2O2 and Metal chelating activity. Additionally, these antioxidant activities were compared with BHA, BHT as reference antioxidants. Tree bark has a large, diverse class of compounds, many with antioxidant properties. This study showed FRAP inhibitory activity of the Pinus halepensis bark extracts 56.8%, while Juniperus phoenicea L 57.6%, and Pistacia lentiscus L bark extracts was 69.2% The DPPH radical scavenging in the bark extracts exerted an inhibition of 66.8 %, 62.3% ,74.6% for Pinus halepensis, Juniperus phoenicea and Pistacia lentiscus L respectively. While H2O2 activity shows variation, ranging from 67. 8 to 81. 3%. The Metal chelating activity of the barks extract was 59% in Pinus halepensis and 57% in Juniperus phoenicea L bark extracts furthermore Pistacia lentiscus L was 67.8% in addition the Metal chelating activity of BHT and BHA 92%, 94% respectively. The high antioxidant activity of bark was founded in Pistacia lentiscus L bark extracts.

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Elez Garofulić, Ivona, Valentina Kruk, Ana Martić, Ivan Martić, Zoran Zorić, Sandra Pedisić, Sanja Dragović y Verica Dragović-Uzelac. "Evaluation of Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Pistacia lentiscus L. Leaves and Fruit Extract Obtained by Optimized Microwave-Assisted Extraction". Foods 9, n.º 11 (27 de octubre de 2020): 1556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9111556.

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Pistacia lentiscus L. is a Mediterranean shrub known for its health promoting effects attributed to a large extent to polyphenols accumulated in all parts of the plant. Microwave-assisted extraction is a green extraction technique enabling fast and effective isolation of plant polyphenols. Therefore, the aim of this research was to optimize the microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenols from Pistacia lentiscus L. leaves and fruit in terms of temperature, extraction time and microwave power and to evaluate their polyphenolic profile by UPLC/ESI-MS2 and antioxidant capacity by ORAC assay. Optimal extraction conditions for leaf polyphenols were 69 °C, 512 W and 12 min, while for fruit were slightly more intensive—75 °C, 602 W and 15 min. Obtained total phenolic content in leaves and fruit was similar to that obtained after 30 min of the heat-reflux method. The polyphenolic profile of extracts included 34 compounds, with myricetin glycosides being the most abundant compounds among flavonoids in Pistacia lentiscus L. leaves and fruit and gallic acid and its derivates among the phenolic acids. ORAC assay showed higher antioxidant capacity for Pistacia lentiscus L. leaves extract than for fruit, which is in correlation with their respective phenolic content.

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Mechqoq, Hicham, Sohaib Hourfane, Mohamed El Yaagoubi, Abdallah El Hamdaoui, Fouad Msanda, Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida, Joao Miguel Rocha y Noureddine El Aouad. "Phytochemical Screening, and In Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Dermocosmetic Activities of Four Moroccan Plants: Halimium antiatlanticum, Adenocarpus artemisiifolius, Pistacia lentiscus and Leonotis nepetifolia". Cosmetics 9, n.º 5 (9 de septiembre de 2022): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics9050094.

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In this study, four Moroccan plants, Halimium antiatlanticum, Adenocarpus artemisiifolius, Pistacia lentiscus and Leonotis nepetifolia, were evaluated for their phytoconstituents and biological activities. Methanolic extracts of these plants were obtained by Soxhlet apparatus, phytochemical screening was performed, and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined. Then, the antioxidant and dermocosmetic activities of the methanolic extracts were evaluated. The obtained results revealed that the leaves and/or aerial parts contained tannins, polyphenols, flavonoids, coumarins, carotenoids, terpenoids and saponins. The higher total phenolic content values were recorded on Pistacia lentiscus and Halimium antiatlanticum with 396.64 ± 30.79 and 304.96 ± 55.61 mgGAE/gDW, respectively. The antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays, and showed that Pistacia lentiscus and Halimium antiatlanticum were the most active extracts, with, respectively, IC50 values of 3.705 ± 0.445 and 5.037 ± 0.122 µg/mL for DPPH. The same results were observed for the FRAP and ABTS assays. Those extracts also showed a strong collagenase inhibitory activity at 200 µg/mL, with 78.51 ± 2.27% for Pistacia lentiscus and 73.10 ± 8.52% for Halimium antiatlanticum. Adenocarpus artemisiifolius showed the highest elastase inhibition rate, with 76.30 ± 5.29%. This study disclosed the dermocosmetic potential of Halimium antiatlanticum and Adenocarpus artemisiifolius, two Moroccan endemic plants that can be traditionally used by local populations or exploited by the cosmetic industry.

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Kilinç, F. M., V. Süzerer, Y. Özden Çiftçi, I. Koç, H. Akdemir, H. Yildirim, E. Tilkat y A. Onay. "IMPROVED SHOOT MULTIPLICATION OF LENTISK (PISTACIA LENTISCUS L.) USING DIFFERENT CARBOHYDRATES AND MEDIA". Acta Horticulturae, n.º 1028 (marzo de 2014): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2014.1028.25.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Pistacia lentisus"

Ben, Douissa Faouzia. "Étude chimique et biologique de Pistacia lentiscus L". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE18010.

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Dans l'objectif de valoriser les plantes de la pharmacopée tunisienne, l'étude chimique et biologique des feuilles de Pistacia lentiscus (Anacardiaceae) a été réalisée. Les résultats sont présentés dans deux grands chapitres : travaux antérieurs, et travaux expérimentaux. Après la présentation des travaux antérieurs, la seconde partie du manuscrit illustre la préparation des extraits bruts et de l'huile essentielle, leur évaluation biologique, leur purification et enfin l'identification des produits purs. Les domaines d'activités biologiques explorés sont les actions anti-inflammatoire, anti-oxydante, antibactérienne, mutagène et antimutagène. Les extraits les plus polaires, ainsi que l'huile essentielle ont montré des activités intéressantes. L'analyse chimique de l'huile essentielle a permis de mettre en évidence 46 composés dont trois sont majoritaires et qui laissent supposer une composition typique de l'espèce tunisienne par rapport aux autres lentisques du pourtour méditerranéen. Parallèlement aux composés volatiles, l'extrait butanolique et les oligomères flavoniques totaux (OFT) ont été étudiés. Douze composés purs ont été obtenus et identifiés. Il s'agit de l'acide gallique, du benzoate de méthyle, de l'afzéline, la myricitrine, la 3-O-rutinosyl-myricétine, l'arbutine, le b-glucopyranosyl orcinol, du para-hydroxybenzoate de b-glucopyranose, de l'acide 3,5-O-digalloyl quinique, du 3,5-O-digalloyl-a-quinate de méthyle, du (1S,4R,6S)-1,8-epoxy-p-menthan-6-yl-O-b-glucopyranoside et de l’acide 3, 4, 5-trihydroxy-hexylidène acétique. Ainsi ce travail a permis de compléter l'analyse phytochimique des feuilles de P. Lentiscus de Tunisie. Un lien a pu être établi entre ses activités anti-inflammatoires et son utilisation en médecine traditionnelle. De plus, d'autres activités ont été démontrées pour la première fois pour cette plante ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles perspectives quant à l'utilisation des extraits de cette plante comme phytomédicament
In the aim of valorization of plants extracts from Tunisian Pharmacopoeia, a phytochemical and biological study was realized on leaves of Pistacia lentiscus (Anacardiaceae), a well-known aromatic plant. In this manuscript the results are presented in two chapters: literature data, and experimental data. The latter part shows out the extraction procedures, the biological tests, the purification methods and structural elucidations of pure components. The biological evaluations concern the anti-inflammatory, mutagenesis/anti-mutagenesis, anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidative effects. Polar extracts and the essential oil exhibited interesting activities. Chemical study of the essential oil revealed 46 different compounds with three major one, which were indicative of a presumed typical chemotype for the Tunisian lentisc leaves essential oil, compared to other Mediterranean species. The non volatile fraction was also analyzed and lead to the identification of twelve pure components. They were identified as : gallic acid, methyl benzoic ester, afzelin, myricitrin, 3-O-rutinosyl-myricetin, arbutin, b-glucopyranosyl-orcinol, b-glucopyranosyl para-hydroxybenzoic ester, 3,5-O-digalloyl-quinic acid, 3,5-O-digalloyl-a-quinic methyl ester, (1S,4R,6S)-1,8-epoxy-p-menthan-6-yl-O-b-glucopyranoside, and 3, 4, 5-trihydroxy-hexylidene acetic acid. In conclusion, this work is a complement of the literature data with the phytochemical study of leaves of P. Lentiscus from Tunisia. A link was established between its anti-inflammatory effects and its use as traditional medicine. Additionally, other activities have been demonstrated for the first time in this plant. This would open new perspectives concerning the used of these extracts as phytomedicines

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Chaabani, Emna. "Eco-extraction et valorisation des métabolites primaires et secondaires des différentes parties de Pistacia lentiscus". Thesis, Avignon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AVIG0714.

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Le développement de la chimie verte, l’épuisement des ressources pétrolières et la prise de conscience des risques liée à l’utilisation des solvants pétroliers ont conduit à la recherche de nouvelles alternatives pour réduire l’utilisation des solvants nocifs non renouvelables tels que l’hexane. L’objectif de cette thèse a donc consisté en la recherche de solvants alternatifs plus respectueux de la santé et de l’environnement pour l’éco-extraction des composés phénoliques et des acides gras à partir des graines de Pistacia lentiscus et des arômes à partir de ces feuilles. Pour ce faire, une première approche in silico basée sur des outils de prédictions tels que COSMO-RS a été complétée par une approche expérimentale associée à des traitements chimiométriques. Cette démarche a conduit à la sélection de quatre solvants verts, le MetHF pour l’extraction des acides gras, l’EtOAc pour l’extraction des arômes, l’EtOH/H2O (70/30) pour l’extraction des polyphénols et des flavonoïdes et l’EtOH/H2O (80/20) pour l’extraction des anthocyanes. Par la suite, l’activité anti-inflammatoire de l’extrait lipidique obtenu par le MeTHF et l’activité antioxydante des extraits aromatiques et des extraits phénoliques de P. lentiscus ont été évaluées in vitro. Ces travaux ont montré que l’huile végétale a présenté une activité anti-inflammatoire potentielle, inhibant de 91,9% la libération d’oxyde nitrique (NO.) dans les macrophages RAW 264,7. De plus, les résultats ont permis de mettre en évidence la richesse des fruits en antioxydants. En effet, l’extrait obtenu par l’EtOH/H2O (80/20) a montré une activité antiradicalaire (IC50 = 2,39 μg/ml) comparable à celle de l’antioxydant de synthèse le Trolox (IC50 = 2,56 μg/ml). En outre, l’extrait aromatique de P. lentiscus obtenu avec l’EtOAc a présenté une activité antiradicalaire intéressante contre le DPPH (IC50 = 5,82 μg/ml)
The development of Green chemistry, the depletion of petroleum resources and the awareness of the risks associated to the use of petroleum solvents have led to search a new alternatives to reduce the use of non-renewable petrochemical harmful solvents such as hexane. The objective of this thesis has consisted in the research of alternative solvents more respectful of health and environment for the eco-extraction of fatty acids and phenolic compounds from Pistacia lentiscus fruits and aromas from these leaves. A first in silico approach using the COSMO-RS predictions was supplemented by an experimental approach paired with chemometrics analysis. This led to selection of four alternative solvents, MeTHF for oil extraction, EtOAc for aromas extraction, EtOH/H2O (70/30) for polyphenols and flavonoids extraction and EtOH/H2O (80/20) for anthocyanins extraction. Subsequently, the anti-inflammatory activity of MeTHF lipid extract and the antioxidant activity of aromatic and phenolic extracts of P. lentiscus were evaluated in vitro. Results showed that vegetable oil exhibited a potential anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting by 91.9% the release of (nitric oxide) NO in RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, results highlighted the richness of the fruits in antioxidants. In fact, EtOH/H2O (80/20) extract showed a good antiradical activity (IC50 = 2.39 μg/ml) comparable to that of the synthetic antioxidant Trolox (IC50 = 2.56 μg / ml). In addition, the aromatic extract obtained with EtOAc showed an interesting anti-radical activity against DPPH (IC50 = 5.82 μg/ml)

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Khiari, Karim. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés thermo-physiques des biocarburants de seconde génération et leur influence sur le comportement des moteurs". Thesis, Nantes, Ecole des Mines, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EMNA0314/document.

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La croissance mondiale, économique et industrielle, ainsi que la rapide progression démographique des populations, ont fait augmenter la demande en énergie fossile. Ces dernières années, beaucoup de recherches ont été orientées vers de nouvelles ressources énergétiques qui peuvent remplacer les carburants fossiles conventionnels. Les biocarburants sont des carburants écologiques renouvelables, obtenus grâce à la transformation des matières grasses animales et végétales. Ils sont classés en tant que ressource idéale, non-toxique et renouvelable, substituant avantageusement le Diesel conventionnel. Dans cette optique, nous nous sommes intéressés à la production des biocarburants à partir d’une source végétale, non alimentaire, très abondante dans le bassin méditerranéen, en l’occurrence le pistachier lentisque, par deux procédés, l’un est chimique appelé transestérification et l’autre est thermochimique, la solvolyse. Les caractérisations des biocarburants conformément aux normes en vigueur, ont montré que les propriétés physico-chimiques sont comparables à celles du Diesel conventionnel. Un moteur Diesel monocylindre refroidi à l'air, a été utilisé pour évaluer les caractéristiques de la combustion de ces biocarburants, à 1500 tr/min, sous diverses conditions de charges du moteur. Les caractéristiques de la combustion (pression du cylindre, délai d’auto-inflammation, taux de dégagement de chaleur et durée de combustion) des biocarburants obtenus, sont comparées à celles du Diesel conventionnel
The world economic and industrial growths, as well as the demographic rapid progression, have increased the fossil energy demand. These last years, much of researches were directed towards new energy resources which can replace the conventional fossil fuels. The biofuels are renewable ecological fuels derived from biomass; they are classified as an ideal resource, non-toxic and renewable component with respect to the conventional Diesel. In this context, we were firstly interested to the production of the biofuels starting from a non-edible vegetable source widely available in the Mediterranean basin which is the Pistacia Lentiscus using two processes. The first one is a chemical method named “transesterification” and the second one is a thermochemical procedure called “solvolysis”. The biofuels physicochemical properties, measured via standard methods, are similar to those of Diesel fuel. A single cylinder, naturally aspirated DI Diesel engine is operated at 1500 rpm with either pure produced biofuels or their blends with Diesel fuel for several ratios (50, 30 and 5 v%) and engine load conditions. The combustion parameters, their blends are compared with those of Diesel fuel

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Casarin, Elisabetta. "Studio dei meccanismi molecolari coinvolti nell'attività antiproliferativa dell'olio essenziale di Pistacia lentiscus". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3421591.

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The phytocomplex from Pistacia lentiscus, a shrub of the Anacardiaceae family, is an essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves, fruits or from a trunk exudate (mastic gum). The mastic gum has been known to be effective in several gastric diseases, against Helicobacter Pylori and for its antibacterial and antifungine activities. Furthermore, Pistacia oil's major chemical constituents are monoterpenes with chemiopreventive and chemiotherapic properties. We investigated the antiproliferative properties of the volatile oil from Pistacia lentiscus twigs and leaves using human cell lines from ovarian (2008 and cis-platinum resistant, C13*) and colon (LoVo) adenocarcinoma, and human stable fibroblast line (HFFF2) as in vitro models. The MTT test showed that, after 3-hour treatment, phytocomplex (about 150 µg/ml) was able to inhibit the growth of all adenocarcinoma cell lines. After 24 hour treatment the IC50 on 2008 and LoVo cells resulted 3 times lower. On fibroblast line the phytocomplex was active only after 72 hour treatment. Western blotting analysis confirmed the oil capability to reduce carcinoma cell growth by decreasing the expression of p-ERK, MAPKs induced by mitogenic stimuli. In treated cells: vacuolisation, decreasing cellular size and brightness, directly proportional to reduction of cell viability, were observed by optical microscope. Using annexin V with propidium iodide we observed that oil was able to stimulate apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. ROS has been recognized as an important mediator of the stress response; in particular, by regulating the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore upstream of ROS generation there is a respiratory chain block that leads even an increase of mitochondrial membrane potential. Analysis of mitochondrial membrane potential, with Rhodamine123, and ROS generation, with H2DCF-DA, showed the oil capability to activate mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Oil-treatment also induced alteration on H+ gradient and interruption of electron flow between respiratory chain complexes III and IV, thereby causing loss of ATP. In the initiation of apoptosis caspases play critical roles. They can be grouped into "apoptotic initiators", for example caspase 8 and 9, and "apoptotic effectors", such as caspase 3, according to their substrate specificities and target proteins. Our data indicated that Pistacia lentiscus oil caused programmed cell death via a caspase-dependent pathway. In fact, after 3 hour treatment and 21 hour incubation, caspase 3 activity level, resulted higher than in the control, especially for the highest dose used. We also performed a flow cytometry-based cell cycle analysis, observing that the phytocomplex induced dose-dependent arrest in G2/M phase by decreasing cyclin B1 levels on all adenocarcinoma lines, especially on ovarian cells, and acting on acetylated tubulin and microtubules' polymerization/depolymerization.
Il fitocomplesso ricavato da Pistacia lentiscus, una pianta arbustiva della famiglia delle Anacardiaceae, è un olio essenziale ottenuto per idrodistillazione da foglie, frutti o dall'essudato del tronco (mastice). Il mastice (il più noto dei fitocomplessi) è risultato essere efficace verso vari disturbi a livello gastrico e contro l'Helicobacter Pylori ed inoltre di avere attività antibatterica ed antifungina. I principali costituenti degli oli ottenuti dal genere Pistacia sono i monoterpeni che presentano proprietà preventive e chemioterapiche. Oggetto di studio di questi tre anni di dottorato è un olio essenziale di Pistacia lentiscus, ottenuto per idrodistillazione da foglie e ramoscelli, testato su una linea cellulare di adenocarcinoma del colon (cellule LoVo), una di adenocarcinoma dell'ovaio (cellule 2008) e la loro variante cis-platino resistente (cellule C13*) ed una linea di fibroblasti umani (cellule HFFF2). Il test dell'MTT dimostra che dopo 3 ore di trattamento il fitocomplesso, alla dose di 150 µg/ml circa, è in grado di inibire la proliferazione di tutte le linee di adenocarcinoma. Dopo 24 ore di trattamento, invece, l'IC50 risulta 3 volte inferiore per le linee LoVo e 2008. Per contro, sulla linea non tumorale di fibroblasti umani il fitocomplesso si dimostra attivo solo dopo 72 ore di trattamento. L'analisi mediante Western blotting conferma la capacità dell'olio di ridurre la crescita cellulare delle cellule di adenocarcinoma diminuendo in maniera dose-dipendente l'espressione delle p-ERK, MAP chinasi indotte da stimoli mitogeni. Mediante microscopia ottica, inoltre, si può apprezzare come le cellule trattate risultino più piccole, rotondeggianti e meno "luminose", ad indicare una loro minore vitalità . Approfondendo i meccanismi d'azione dell'olio (mediante l'utilizzo di annexina V e ioduro di propidio) si osserva che il trattamento è in grado di attivare nelle cellule tumorali meccanismi di morte cellulare programmata. E' noto che i ROS sono degli importanti mediatori della risposta agli stress cellulari, in particolare attraverso la mediazione della perdita del potenziale della membrana mitocondriale, e che, a monte della produzione di ROS, c'è un blocco della catena respiratoria che porta ad un concomitante aumento del potenziale della membrana mitocondriale. Le analisi di questo, mediante Rodamina 123, e della generazione di ROS, utilizzando H2DCF-DA, dimostrano la capacità dell'olio di attivare la via apoptotica mitocondriale. Il trattamento è quindi anche in grado di indurre un'alterazione nel gradiente protonico ed un'interruzione del passaggio di elettroni attraverso la catena respiratoria causando così anche la diminuzione della produzione di ATP. Nell'attivazione del processo apoptotico le caspasi giocano un ruolo cruciale. Questi enzimi, a seconda della specificità di substrato e del target, possono essere raggruppati in "niziatori" o "effettori" di apoptosi, tra questi ultimi la caspasi 3 risulta essere sicuramente la più importante. I nostri risultati indicano che l'olio di Pistacia lentiscus è in grado di attivare la morte cellulare programmata attraverso la via caspasi-dipendente. Infatti, dopo 3 ore di trattamento e 21 di incubazione, i livelli della caspasi 3 si dimostrano più alti rispetto a quelli del controllo, specialmente per la dose maggiore adottata. E' stata effettuata anche un'analisi citofluorimetrica del ciclo cellulare che ha permesso di osservare come il fitocomplesso induca un arresto del ciclo in fase G2/M in maniera dose-dipendente. Questo arresto avviene attraverso una diminuzione dei livelli citoplasmatici di ciclina B1, specialmente nelle linee di adenocarcinoma ovarico, e agendo sui livelli di tubulina acetilata e sui meccanismi di polimerizzazione/depolimerizzazione dei microtubuli.

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Maaroufi, Zeineb. "Valorisation des extraits de quelques plantes aromatiques et médicinales de Tunisie en tant que nouvelles substances antileishmaniennes In vitro antileishmanial potentialities of essential oils from Citrus limon and Pistacia lentiscus harvested in Tunisia". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASQ012.

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La valorisation des molécules bioactives issues des plantes médicinales est une stratégie prometteuse dans la recherche de principes actifs pour le traitement de la leishmaniose permettant de s’affranchir des problèmes de toxicité et de résistance provoqués par les traitements conventionnels.Trois plantes ont été choisies à savoir Artemisia herba-alba, Citrus limon et Pistacia lentiscus, chacune récoltées dans deux régions différentes de la Tunisie. Pour chaque plante, les molécules bioactives ont été extraites pour obtenir une huile essentielle et des extraits aqueux et organiques. L’activité antileishmanienne in vitro de tous ces extraits a été évaluée sur deux formes du parasite Leishmania major : amastigote axénique ou intramacrophagique. Les extraits et les huiles essentielles ont prouvé un potentiel antileishmanien important. L’activité dépendait aussi bien de la nature de l’extrait (technique d’extraction et/ou la région de récolte de la plante) que de la forme du parasite (axénique ou intramacrophagique). En raison de l’originalité des résultats, nous avons sélectionné l’extrait acétone du Citrus limon (Cext) pour être encapsulé une nanoémulsion (NE) stabilisée par la β-lactoglobuline (β-lg) et composée de 80 % de phase aqueuse (solution de β-lg à 1,2 (m/m) %) et de 20 % de phase huileuse (huile de sésame (SO) ou Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)). L’encapsulation de Cext à des concentrations de 0,1, 0,5 et 1 (m/m) % a permis de sélectionner le système le plus actif vis-à-vis des amastigotes intramacrophagiques, le moins toxique vis-à-vis des cellules hôtes et n'interférant pas dans la stabilité des NEs au cours du temps. Ainsi, la NE à base de MCT contenant 0,1 % d'extrait (Cext NE MCT) a montré une cytotoxicité minimale (Indice de Sélectivité = 21,4 ± 6,1). Par ailleurs, en dépit de sa toxicité, la NE à base d’HS (Cext NE SO) a été également sélectionnée pour les propriétés cicatrisantes déjà décrites pour l'SO. Enfin, l’évaluation de l’efficacité antileishmanienne in vivo a été réalisée par application topique de NE contenant ou pas l’extrait sur des lésions de leishmaniose cutanée à L. major chez des souris BALB/c. Les résultats ont prouvé que l’efficacité antileishmanienne des formulations dépendait significativement du type d’huile utilisée. Cext NE MCT a démontré la meilleure efficacité révélée par une diminution significative de la charge parasitaire, une stabilisation de la taille de la lésion, ainsi qu’une diminution de l’inflammation de la peau des souris. Les résultats du traitement avec la NE MCT sans extrait a prouvé que la formulation choisie contribue à l’efficacité antileishmanienne par un effet de synergie. En outre, l’encapsulation a permis de pallier les problèmes de toxicité observés lors de l'application topique de Cext MCT. D’autre part, l'application de Cext NE SO a engendré une toxicité neurologique et aucune efficacité antiparasitaire n'a été notée. Cependant, Cext SO administré directement sur les lésions a révélé une bonne efficacité du traitement, aussi bien par la diminution de la taille des lésions que dans la réduction de la charge parasitaire chez les souris traitées. L’analyse histologique des peaux lésées a également montré une cicatrisation de la plaie. L'efficacité de cette formulation pourrait être expliquée par une amélioration de la pénétration de l'extrait à travers la peau en raison de la présence dans l'huile de sésame d'acides gras mono et polyinsaturés, tels que les acides oléique et linoléique. Cette étude a permis de mettre en évidence le potentiel des formulations lipidiques dans le traitement local des lésions de Leishmaniose cutanée
The valorization of bioactive molecules extracted from medicinal plants is a promising strategy in the search of active pharmaceutical ingredients for the treatment of leishmaniasis while overcoming problems of toxicity and resistance caused by conventional treatments.Three plant species were chosen namely Artemisia herba-alba, Citrus limon and Pistacia lentiscus and were each harvested from two different regions of Tunisia. Bioactive molecules were extracted to obtain an essential oil as well as aqueous and organic extracts. The in vitro antileishmanial activity of all these extracts was evaluated on two forms of Leishmania major parasite: axenic and intramacrophagic amastigotes. Extracts and essential oils showed significant antileishmanial potential. The activity depended both on the extract nature (extraction technique and / or the plant harvesting region) and on the form of the parasite (axenic or intramacrophage). For a matter of originality, Citrus limon acetone extract (Cext) was selected and encapsulated in a nanoemulsion (NE) stabilized by β-lactoglobulin (β-lg). This NE was composed of 80 % of aqueous phase (β-lg solution at 1.2 wt%) and 20 % oily phase (sesame oil (SO) or Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)). Cext encapsulation at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 wt% allowed to select the most active system toward intramacrophage amastigotes, the least toxic toward host cells and which did not interfere with NEs stability over time. Thus, MCT-based NE containing 0.1 % extract (Cext NE MCT) showed minimal cytotoxicity (Selectivity Index = 21.4 ± 6.1). Furthermore, despite its toxicity, SO-based NE (Cext NE SO) was also selected for the healing properties already described for SO. Finally, the antileishmanial efficacy evaluation in vivo was carried out by topical application of NEs containing or not the extract on cuteanous leishmaniasis lesions due to L. major in BALB/c mice. Results showed that the antileishmanial activity of the formulations depended significantly on the oil type. Cext NE MCT demonstrated the best efficacy revealed by a significant decrease in parasite load, stabilization of the lesion size, as well as a decrease in the skin inflammation. Results of treatment with NE MCT without extract showed that the chosen formulation contributes to antileishmanial efficacy through a synergistic effect. In addition, the extract encapsulation allowed to overcome toxicity observed with topical application of Cext MCT. On the other hand, the application of Cext NE SO produced neurological toxicity and no antiparasitic efficacy was noticed. However, Cext SO administered topically showed high treatment efficacy, by reducing the lesions size and the skin parasite load. Histological analysis of infected skin also showed wound healing. The antiparasitic efficacy of this formulation could be explained by penetration enhancement of the extract through the skin due to the presence in sesame oil of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic and linoleic acids. This study revealed the potential of lipid formulations potential as a local treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions

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CONCAS, SARA. "Studio delle forme chimiche e mineralogiche e della mobilità/biodisponibilità di metalli pesanti in suoli, piante (Pistacia lentiscus L.) e soluzioni del suolo del Bacino del Rio San Giorgio (Iglesias – Gonnesa, Sardegna sud - occidentale, Italia) finalizzato allo sviluppo di strategie di soil remediation". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266440.

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This study was addressed to the environmental consequences that the intense extractive activity of lead and zinc has produced in the district around the towns of Iglesias and Gonnesa (southwestern Sardinia, Italy), with particular reference to the soil and to possible actions of phytoremediation. The research project, performed in cooperation with various national and international institutions, including ENEA, CNR and NTU (Nottingham Trent University), focuses the investigation on different aspects related to environmental pollution by elements such as Zn, Pb and Hg associated with the mines of the district. The study is located in the area of the Rio San Giorgio basin, where the following representative sites were chosen: one of the ‘hazard centers’ of the district, consisting of mining flotation wastes at Campo Pisano, close to the town of Iglesias; three natural sites, not directly affected by morphological alterations due to mineral extraction, located along the ‘metalliferous ring’, that is the Cambrian limestones-dolomites that host the Pb-Zn mineralisation; the Sa Masa swamp, that is the final collector of drainage waters of the river basin, closed by the Iglesias valley to the north and the Sulcis coal district to the south. The aims of this work are: i) to quantify the total content of ‘heavy metals’ in the various abiotic sectors (soils and soil pore waters), and in the biotic sector, specifically Pistacia lentiscus L., a spontaneous vegetal species; ii) to identify the chemical and mineralogical forms of heavy metals, and to define their mobility and bioavailability in the interactive environmental system soil - plant - soil pore water; iii) to study the relationship between the different concentrations of heavy metals in the various environmental media considered, to understand the mobility mechanisms; iv) to establish how much Pistacia lentiscus L. takes up and translocates each metal from roots to leaves, through the relationship of the contents measured in each plant parts, hypogeans and epigeans; v) to provide a full description in situ of the spontaneous system of vegetal species selected, that characterizes these contaminated zones, as an example of phytostabilization and soil remediation techniques, aimed to reclamation and stabilization of the abandoned mining areas. In the sampling points, soil profiles were opened, making a distinction in pedological horizons according the standard procedures of soil investigations; samples were collected for each horizon for subsequent laboratory analysis. These included the determination of chemical and physical characteristics according to the official Italian soil study methods. In general, the soils studied in the mining wastes are not pedogenised; those on dolomitic limestones are sparsely and moderately deep, in lithic contact with the underlying rock; the soils in the marshy deposits are characterized by a sequence of different sedimentary cycles (marked by textural differences). The pH reaction is generally from neutral to weakly alkaline (from 7.1 to 8.1), with variations and exceptions attributable to different parent materials from which the studied soils originate. The mineralogical and chemical analyses point out a great abundance of calcite and dolomite, in agreement with the geological substrate of the area. The organic carbon contents are generally higher in the surface horizons, with minimum value of 11 g/Kg and maximum of 202 g/Kg, and they decrease at increasing depths. The study of thin sections allowed to refine the attribution of acronyms to the horizons, according to the international soil classification systems of the Soil Taxonomy and IUSS Working Group. On the same soil samples were carried out further mineralogical determinations (X-ray powder diffraction), loss on ignition (LOI), and chemical composition (major elements with X fluorescence; trace metals with acid digestion followed by analysis with ICP-OES). In agreement with thin sections, calcite and dolomite result abundant, as well as quartz; in some samples the presence of barite, pyrite and gypsum was detected, as well as trace 'heavy metals' minerals (hemimorphite, cerussite, hydrozincite, anglesite). Consistent with mineralogy, the chemical composition is dominated by CaO-MgO-SiO2. Among the analysed heavy metals, Zn, Pb, As, Cd, and Hg very often occur in higher concentrations than Italian law limits (D.Lgs 152/2006) for the metal contents in soils for industrial use; particularly high are the contents of Zn (1655-220946 mg/Kg), and Pb (1360-54914 mg/Kg). These values are found also in the soils developed on natural substrates, presumably not much interested by anthropic impacts, reflecting therefore a natural geochemical anomaly; however, in the sites impacted by the mining activity all values are higher, demonstrating the influence of anthropic action. The mobility of metals was estimated through two different single extraction chemical methods: with DTPA solution, followed by analysis of the extracted metals by ICP-OES, and with sodium citrate/hydroxylamine hydrochloride/TEA followed by colorimetric titration with Dithizone (DZ) solution. The data comparison showed a good correlation between these two methods (R2=0.93), with values obtained from the DZ method roughly double with respect to those from the DTPA method. The mobile fraction extracted with both methods reveals a good correlation also with the total metal contents in soils (R2=0.98 for DZ; R2=0.92 for DTPA). As mentioned previously, a particularly innovative aspect of this study was the sampling and analysis of soil pore waters. Their chemical composition is variable among the various sites, and one can identify at least two principal compositional types (Ca-SO4, Ca-Mg-HCO3): to this last type, a Na-Cl-SO4 component of possible seawater origin is locally associated. Regarding the trace elements, the metals more abundant are Ba in some sites, and Zn in others; this last is usually the more abundant trace metal, particularly if compared to Pb. The modelisation with the speciation programs PHREEQC and WHAM shows in general an approach to equilibrium of the solutions with the minerals present in soils; specifically, the concentrations of Ba, Zn and Pb appear substantially controlled by barite, hydrozincite and cerussite, respectively. As concerns the transfer of metals to the biosphere, it was carried out also the sampling of P.lentiscus, on which the contents of Zn, Pb and Hg were determined, for roots, stems and leaves separately. In general, the metal concentrations decrease according to the order roots>stems>leaves, with the partial exception of Hg, for which there is locally an enrichment in leaves (TF>1), perhaps influenced from foliar absorption of Hg volatilised from soils. The metal contents in plants are considerably lower than those in soils (BAC<<1), and nevertheless roughly proportional to them. The P.lentiscus seems in fact to behave as a tolerant species with strategies of exclusion, and with character of 'indicator'. It is confirmed therefore that this species is particularly apt to revegetation actions aimed at the phytostabilisation of soils.

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Azuama, Onyedikachi Cecil. "Recherche de nouveaux actifs d'origine végétale contre le pathogène opportuniste de l'homme Pseudomonas aeruginosa Battling Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence with natural plant bioactive compounds Membrane-interactive compounds from Pistacia lentiscus L. thwart Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence Tackling Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence by mulinane-like diterpenoids from Azorella atacamensis Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence attenuation by extracts of Parastrephia terestiuscula, Baccharis grisebachii, Haplopappus rigidus medicinal plants of the Asteraceae family from the Atacama Desert area The absence of SigX results in impaired carbon metabolism and membrane fluidity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Activation of the Cell Wall stress response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected by a Pf4 Phage Variant The temperature-regulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cmaX-cfrX-cmp-X operon reveals an intriguing molecular network involving the Sigma factors AlgU and SigX". Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR077.

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La résistance aux antimicrobiens est l’un des défis majeurs du XX1eme siècle. Pseudomonas aeruginosa est inscrit sur la liste des organismes pathogènes qui deviennent résistants aux antibiotiques conventionnels. De nouvelles stratégies visant à atténuer la virulence sans perturber la croissance et la viabilité bactériennes, également connues sous le nom de stratégie anti-virulence, sont développées. Les plantes sont connues pour produire de nombreux métabolites secondaires. Des extraits de fruits de Pistachia Lentiscus originaires d'Algérie et de 40 extraits de plantes originaires du Nord-Chili ont été criblés pour leur capacité à atténuer la production de la pyocyanine, un facteur de virulence majeur de P. aeruginosa, dans le but d’évaluer leur potentiel effet antivirulence. Les extraits sélectionnés (Pistacia lentiscus, Azorella atacamensis, Baccharis grisebachii, Haplopappus rigidus et Parastrephia terestiucula), ont été fractionnés et l’ensemble de ces extraits et fractions a montré une atténuation de la production d’autres facteurs de virulence (élastase, rhamnolipides), qui a pu être attribuée, au moins partiellement à une diminution de la communication bactérienne via le mécanisme du quorum sensing. Ces extraits et fractions altèrent également la fluidité membranaire de P. aeruginosa. Cet effet anti-virulence a été validé dans un modèle d'infection cellulaire, et sur le nématode Caenorhabditis elegans. Dans toutes ces conditions, la croissance de P. aeruginosa n'a pas été affectée. Un profilage chimique des extraits et fractions de P. lentiscus et d'A atacamensis a révélé la présence d'acide gingkolique et de diterpenoides de type azorellane/mulinane comme potentiels composés bioactifs. De futures études visent à identifier les composés bioactifs sur P. aeruginosa H103, ainsi que sur un panel de souches cliniques, et à évaluer un potentiel effet potentialisateur de l'activité des antibiotiques. Ces travaux visent in fine à proposer ces composés d’origine végétale comme adjuvants dans le traitement des infections à P. aeruginosa
Antimicrobial resistance has become a great challenge in therapeutic medicine so much so that the World health organization forecasts the possibility of a post-antibiotic era where minor injuries may lead to mortality. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is among the list of organisms that are highly resistant to conventional antibiotics, partly due to its broad genome, which facilitates the elaboration of virulence determinants and rapid adaptation to various environments, in addition to its inherent resistance mechanisms. In view of this, alternative measures of controlling microbial virulence activities using novel approaches that do not disturb its growth and viability, also known as anti-virulence strategy, are gaining wider attention. Since plants are repositories of several metabolites with chemical defense system against environmental pathogens, through ethnobotanical led studies, the effect of Pistacia lentiscus fruit extracts originating from Algeria and forty plant extracts originating from North-Chile were biologically and chemically evaluated with the aim of deciphering their anti-virulence effects against P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, this study tried to gain more insight into the bioactive compounds and possible mechanism of action. From the results obtained, selected plant extracts attenuated P. aeruginosa mainly pyocyanin activity and /or elastase and rhamnolipids virulence production which appears to be associated with the inhibition of quorum sensing activities and the alteration in membrane activities. The anti-virulence effect of the selected extracts (P. lentiscus, Azorella atacamensis, Baccharis grisebachii, Haplopappus rigidus and Parastrephia terestiucula) were also validated in biological models of infections where they mediated the toxicity of P. aeruginosa towards A549 human monolayer cells and/or Caenorhabditis elegans nematode. Interestingly, growth of the pathogen was not affected. Further chemical profiling of P. Lentiscus, and A atacamensis extracts revealed the presence of gingkolic acid and azorellane/mulinane diterpenoids as the putative bioactive compounds. Future studies intend to explore these extracts and their derived compounds on the potentiation of antibiotic activity in a panel of clinical strains. In general, this study sets the pace for the possible use of these plant extracts as adjuvants in treatment of P. aeruginosa infections

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Detti, Cassandra. "New insights on the diversity of phytocomplexes from Mediterranean shrubs species and their potential nutraceutical and industrial applications". Doctoral thesis, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1279479.

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Mediterranean plants are exposed to different environmental stresses, such as high temperatures, solar irradiance, and low water availability, that coexist together, especially during the summer period. To cope with such a combination of stresses, these plants have developed a suite of morpho-anatomical, physiological, and biochemical mechanisms. In particular, they increase the production of secondary metabolites with many defensive functions. Among them, polyphenolic compounds play an important ecological role, acting as UV screeners and antioxidants against reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are produced when the photosynthetic metabolism is impaired by abiotic constraints. The aim of this PhD project was to investigate four native Mediterranean wild species (Arbutus unedo L., Cistus x incanus L., Myrtus communis L. and Pistacia lentiscus L.) as sources of phytocomplexes that can be exploited for nutraceutical and other industrial applications. We have planned the set-up of green extractive methods to obtain polyphenolic rich extracts from their leaves and fruits, to perform a field-experiment for enhancing the polyphenolic production, and to test the potential utilization of these phytocomplexes as nutraceuticals. To achieve this, the initial part of the project was the setting up of efficient ultrasound-assisted (UAE) extractions using the Response Surface Methodology. In particular, a fractional factorial screening was performed to verify the effects of different levels of temperature, solvent volume, percentage of ethanol and time followed by an optimization step using a Box-Behnken design. Then, a field-experiment for enhancing the leaf polyphenolic and arbutin yield in A. unedo plants was performed through the application of water stress on a seasonal basis. Finally, the potential utilization of A. unedo and M. communis as nutraceuticals sources was also tested through the inclusion of their polyphenolic fruit extracts into whey milk, a dairy waste product. Regarding the optimization of the extractions, for P. lentiscus, higher content of total polyphenols can be achieved extracting the leaves using 50% of ethanol at 50 °C for 15 minutes with a solvent ratio of 0.13 L g-1. For A. unedo, a higher amount of arbutin was obtained using 75% of ethanol at ambient temperature for 15 minutes with a solvent ratio of 0.06 L g-1. Finally, for C. incanus the highest content of polyphenols was obtained using 60% EtOH at 40 °C for 60 minutes using 0.1 L g-1 solvent proportion. The results of the field experiment showed that the application of water stress during the cultivation of A. unedo plants triggered the biosynthesis of polyphenolic compounds in the leaves, increasing their content from summer until the beginning of autumn. Finally, polyphenolic fruit extracts of A. unedo and M. communis showed to be suitable for the inclusion in whey, maintaining their high polyphenolic content during storage thus proving their possible application as functional additives in the food industry. In conclusion, all the selected species provided extracts with high yields of polyphenols to be applied in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical sectors, thus the cultivation of these plants may represent an alternative source of income for farmers in the Mediterranean drought-stressed areas

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Martins, Eva de Almeida. "O Poder de Pistacia lentiscus". Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/83625.

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Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas apresentado à Faculdade de Farmácia
Pistacia lentiscus (var. chia), também conhecida como mastic tree, uma pequena árvore pertencente à família Anacardiaceae, é produzida exclusivamente no Sul da ilha de Chios, na Grécia. É usada há mais de 2500 anos em medicina tradicional Grega, mas as suas propriedades vêm descritas nas obras de Heródoto, Dioscórides e Galeno. Vários autores romanos, árabes, do período bizantino e europeus fazem extensas referências às propriedades de mastic, nome dado à resina produzida por P. lentiscus, conhecida por mastic tree. As suas propriedades antibacterianas, especialmente contra Helicobacter pylori, antifúngicas, antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórias, antineoplásicas e citoprotetoras, hepatoprotetoras e antidiabéticas, hipocolesterolémicas, a sua aplicação em Tecnologia Farmacêutica são abordadas nesta monografia no sentido de avaliar o potencial de Pistacia lentiscus como novo agente terapêutico de origem natural. A maioria das publicações existentes sobre Pistacia lentiscus L. refere-se à variedade Pistacia lentiscus var. chia. Num estudo recente realizado pelo Professor Kazim Browicz (Browicz, Plant Systematics and Evolution, 1987), este propõe a substituição de “var.” por “cv.”, uma vez que se trata de um clone cultivado, “cultivated clone”. Ainda assim, numa tentativa de harmonização, na proposta de revisão apresentada pela EMA à Grécia, sugere-se a aceitação de Pistacia lentiscus L., conforme a monografia constante na Farmacopeia Europeia, sem qualquer especificação de variedade ou cultivo (EMA, 2015).
Pistacia lentiscus (var. chia), also known as mastic tree, an evergreen shrub belonging to the Anacardiaceae family, is exclusively cultivated in the southern part of Chios Island, in Greece. It has been used for over 2500 years in traditional Greek medicine, although its properties are mentioned in the works of Herodotus, Dioscorides and Galen. Several Roman, Arab, Byzantine and European authors make extensive references to mastic’s properties, the resin produced by Pistacia lentiscus, known as mastic tree. Its antibacterial properties, especially against Helicobacter pylori, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and cytoprotective, hepatoprotective and antidiabetic, hypocholesterolemic properties, its use in Pharmaceutical Technology are analysed in this monograph with the intent of evaluating the potential of Pistacia lentiscus as a new therapeutic agent of natural origin. The vast majority of the existing publications on Pistacia lentiscus L. refers to the variety Pistacia lentiscus var. chia. In a recent study conducted by Professor Kazim Browicz (Browicz, Plant Systematics and Evolution, 1987), Professor Kazim Browicz proposes the use of “cv.” instead of “var.”, given that it is a cultivated clone. In the proposal made by EMA for revision from Greece, it is documented that the best scientific way should be the acceptance in the European Pharmacopoeia’s monograph of the species Pistacia lentiscus L. without any further specified variety or cultivar (EMA, 2015).

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Pistacia lentisus"

Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Pistacia lentiscus". En Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 431. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_8024.

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Khare, C. P. "Pistacia lentiscus Linn." En Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_1216.

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Akbar, Shahid. "Pistacia lentiscus L. (Anacardiaceae)". En Handbook of 200 Medicinal Plants, 1443–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16807-0_149.

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Landau, S., H. Muklada, A. Markovics y H. Azaizeh. "Traditional Uses of Pistacia lentiscus in Veterinary and Human Medicine". En Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the World, 163–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9276-9_8.

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Gacem, Mohamed Amine, Aminata Ould El Hadj-Khelil, Badreddine Boudjemaa y Hiba Gacem. "Phytochemistry, Toxicity and Pharmacology of Pistacia lentiscus, Artemisia herba-alba and Citrullus colocynthis". En Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 39, 57–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38881-2_3.

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Correia, O. y M. C. Diaz Barradas. "Photosynthetic Characteristics of Leaves of a Dioecious Species (Pistacia Lentiscus L.) under Summer Stress Conditions". En Photosynthesis: Mechanisms and Effects, 4039–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3953-3_936.

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Rauf, Abdur, Yahya S. Al-Awthan, Naveed Muhammad, Muhammad Mukarram Shah, Saikat Mitra, Talha Bin Emran, Omar Bahattab y Mohammad S. Mubarak. "Pharmacological Investigation of Genus Pistacia". En Pharmacognosy - Medicinal Plants [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97322.

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Resumen

Several plants in the genus Pistacia are used in the treatment of various pathogenic and non-pathogenic disorders. Especially important are the major species belonging to this genus such as Pistacia lentiscus, Pistacia atlantica, Pistacia vera, Pistacia terebinthus, and Pistacia khinjuk, among others; these have been reported for their potential benefits both in medical and commercial purposes. In addition, members of this genus exhibit numerous ethnomedicinal uses, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antihypertension, antihyperlipidemic, antiviral, and antiasthma. In light of these potential uses, the present chapter aimed to collect and summarize the literature about all of this medicinal information. Accordingly, this chapter focuses on the pharmacological uses and benefits of the genus Pistacia, especially those related to health issues.

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Chouaibi, Moncef, Leila Rezig, Nesrine Gaout, Khaled Ben Daoued, Kamel Msaada y Salem Hamdi. "Cold pressed Pistacia lentiscus seed oils". En Cold Pressed Oils, 373–84. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-818188-1.00034-7.

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Papanicolaou, D., M. Melanitou y K. Katsaboxakis. "Changes in chemical composition of the essential oil of Chios “mastic resin” from Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia tree during solidification and storage". En Food Flavors: Generation, Analysis and Process Influence, Proceedings of the 8th International Flavor Conference, 303–10. Elsevier, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4501(06)80163-9.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Pistacia lentisus"

Khiari, Karim, Lyes Tarabet, Sary Awad, Khaled Loubar, Rachid Mahmoud y Mohand Tazerout. "Combustion Characteristics of Pistacia Lentiscus Biodiesel in DI Diesel Engine". En 12th International Conference on Engines & Vehicles. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2015-24-2481.

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Chebouti, Nadjiba Meziou. "ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF PISTACIA LENTISCUS GROWING IN FOREST OF BOUMERDES". En 14th SGEM GeoConference on WATER RESOURCES. FOREST, MARINE AND OCEAN ECOSYSTEMS. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b32/s14.042.

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Benremouga, Rym, Lynda Lamoudi y Kamel Daoud. "Extraction of Pistacia lentiscus seeds growing in Algeria and determination of the fatty acid composition". En V. Symposium of Young Researchers on Pharmaceutical Technology,Biotechnology and Regulatory Science. Szeged: Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Faculty of Pharmacy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/syrptbrs.2023.58.

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Halabalaki, M. "Phytochemistry, quality control aspects and metabolomic approaches for the systematic investigation of Pistacia lentiscus L. var resin". En 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399698.

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Liodakis, Stylianos y Joannis Antonopoulos. "Evaluating the fire retardation efficiency of diammonium phosphate, ammonium sulphate and magnesium carbonate minerals on Pistacia lentiscus L". En 2006 First International Symposium on Environment Identities and Mediterranean Area. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iseima.2006.345047.

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Cheilari, A., P. Papalexis, A. Vontzalidou, E. Dina, I. Smyrnioudis y N. Aligiannis. "NMR metabolic profiling of Greek Pistacia lentiscus leaves and fruit extracts for the identification of biomarkers with skin beneficial effects". En 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399840.

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Halabalaki, M., D. Svingou, E. V. Mikropoulou, G. B. Lemús Ríngele, V. Pachi y I. Smyrnioudis. "Development and validation of HPLC-ELSD method for Pistacia lentiscus L. characteristic triterpenic acids determination, in resin and food supplements". En GA – 70th Annual Meeting 2022. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759051.

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Kurt, MU, M. Demir, G. Üner, M. Aygün, P. B. Kırmızıbayrak y E. Bedir. "Phytochemical Studies on Mastic Gum of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia Collected from Karaburun Peninsula and Neuroprotective Activities of the Isolates". En GA – 70th Annual Meeting 2022. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759141.

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Anagnostou, C., A. Papachristodoulou, S. Beteinakis, M. Dionysopoulou, S. Dimou, G. Diallinas y M. Halabalaki. "Phytochemical investigation, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of the extracts and isolated compounds of Pistachia lentiscus var Chia leaves". En GA – 69th Annual Meeting 2021, Virtual conference. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1736941.

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Brunetti, Cecilia, Cassandra Detti, Luana Beatriz Nascimento, Francesco Ferrini y Antonella Gori. "Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of Pistacia lentiscus L. leaves in a green way to obtain the highest content of polyphenols using a response surface methodology". En The 1st International Electronic Conference on Plant Science. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecps2020-08885.

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Informes sobre el tema "Pistacia lentisus"

Trendafilova, Antoaneta, Firas Feki, Sabina Taneva, Angel Konakchiev, Zhanina Petkova, Vladimir Dimitrov, Sami Sayadi y Svetlana Momchilova. Characterization of Pistacia lentiscus Fruit Cake - a New Approach for Utilization of Waste from Fatty Oil Production. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, agosto de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2021.08.04.

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