Literatura académica sobre el tema "Physical geography – Russia (Federation) – Siberia"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Physical geography – Russia (Federation) – Siberia"
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Skafarik, A. I. y S. V. Kiseleva. "RESOURCES AVAILABILITY FOR SOLAR MICROGENERATION AND ITS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY IN THE REGIONS OF RUSSIA". Lomonosov Geography Journal 78, n.º 2 (2023) (9 de julio de 2023): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.2.4.
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Measures to support electricity generation at low-power plants using the renewable energy sources as well, which were introduced in the Russian Federation, actualized the task of assessing the effectiveness of such legislative initiatives. The paper presents and tests a methodology for assessing the performance and economic efficiency of network photovoltaic stations, depending on physical-geographical and socio-economic factors. The results of assessing the potential performance of stations in various regions of Russia, obtained on the basis of archives of data on incoming solar radiation for the period from 2010 to 2020, are presented with one hour resolution. It is shown that economic efficiency of Solar Microgeneration Stations (SMS) in the study areas varies widely depending on the combination of such factors as the amount of solar radiation, retail and wholesale electricity tariffs, and the regime of electricity consumption by SMS owners. Despite significant solar energy resources, the payback period of photovoltaic stations in the regions of Southern Siberia (Irkutsk, Ulan-Ude) turned out to be the longest among all areas under study because of the established tariffs for electricity sale and purchase. Optimal conditions for the operation of such stations are characteristic only for the regions of Russia that belong to non-price zones and territorially isolated energy systems of the wholesale market (Magadan and Kaliningrad regions, Kamchatka, Primorsky Krai), where high wholesale electricity prices make the payback expectable within the guaranteed life of the station equipment (20 years).
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Kuklina, Vera y Edward Holland. "The Roads of the Sayan Mountains: Theorizing Remoteness in Eastern Siberia". Periphery. Journal of the Peripheries Studies, n.º 2(3) (24 de abril de 2024): 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.38161/2949-6152-2024-2-55-75.
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This article is an authorized translation from English of the original article, first published in: Geoforum 2018, issue 88, pp. 36-44. The Sayan crossroads is a distinct cultural and economic region in the mountains of eastern Siberia. It spans three federal units in the Russian Federation: the national republics of Tyva (Todzha kozhuun) and Buryatia (Okinskii raion), as well as Irkutsk oblast (Tofalarskoe municipality). Attempts at integration by the state during the Soviet period and afterwards have privileged the construction of roads in a variety of forms to connect these areas economically with regional centers and, in turn, the rest of the country. Yet this process has been uneven and led to divergences in the economic regimes in each of the three regions that make up the crossroads. The evolution of subsistence economies, exploitation by extractive industries, and the development of tourism as an alternative source of income all differ across the three federal subunits. In turn, these divergences within the crossroads as a region point to variation in the condition of remoteness. Remoteness is an instance of relative immobility, determined by physical geography, environment, and ethnicity. And remoteness influences the function that roads play in integrating state spaces both economically and politically. In turn, this article argues for the foregrounding of the remote in the literature on mobilities in human geography, considering what the condition of remoteness allows for and forecloses in the articulation of state power and the integration of hard to-reach areas.
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Slukovskii, Zakhar. "Geochemical Indicators for Paleolimnological Studies of the Anthropogenic Influence on the Environment of the Russian Federation: A Review". Water 15, n.º 3 (19 de enero de 2023): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15030420.
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Lake sediments are a reliable source of information about the past, including data of the origin of water bodies and their changes. Russia has more than 2 million lakes, so paleolimnological studies are relevant here. This review deals with the most significant studies of sequential accumulation of pollutants, including heavy metals in recent lake sediments in Russia. The key areas are northwestern regions of Russia (Murmansk Region, the Republic of Karelia, Arkhangelsk Region), the Urals (Chelyabinsk Region, the Republic of Bashkortostan), and Siberia. The review presents the data of pollutants accumulation, the sedimentation rate in lakes in the anthropogenic period, and the key sources of pollution of the environment in each of the mentioned regions. The article is divided into three parts (sections): industrial areas, urbanized areas, and background (pristine) areas so that readers might better understand the specifics of particular pollution and its impact on lake ecosystems. The impact of metallurgical plants, mining companies, boiler rooms, coal and mazut thermal power plants, transport, and other anthropogenic sources influencing geochemical characteristics of lakes located nearby or at a distance to these sources of pollution are considered. For instance, the direct influence of factories and transport was noted in the study of lake sediments in industrial regions and cities. In the background territories, the influence of long-range transport of pollutants was mainly noted. It was found that sedimentation rates are significantly lower in pristine areas, especially in the Frigid zone, compared to urbanized areas and industrial territories. In addition, the excess concentrations of heavy metals over the background are higher in the sediments of lakes that are directly affected by the source of pollution. At the end of the article, further prospects of the development of paleolimnological studies in Russia are discussed in the context of the continuing anthropogenic impact on the environment.
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Konyushkov, D. E., T. V. Ananko, M. I. Gerasimova, N. V. Savitskaya y S. V. Chuvanov. "Soil orders and their areas on the updated soil map of the Russian Federation, 1 : 2.5 M scale". Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, n.º 112 (25 de noviembre de 2022): 73–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2022-112-73-121.
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An analysis of the soil cover of Russia as presented on the soil map on a scale of 1 : 2.5 M with the use of a new substantive-genetic soil classification system has been performed at the level of soil orders. The high level of classification-based generalization makes it possible to assess the most general patterns of soil geography and soil resources and to identify changes that have occurred as a result of renaming of each polygon on the map with the use of the new classification. The areas occupied by soil orders have been calculated. In total, there are 24 soil orders on the new map, including 21 orders of natural soils and 3 orders (agrozems, turfzems, stratozems) of anthropogenically transformed soils. Soils of the orders of agro-abrazems, chernozems, and turbozems are not presented on the map. As on most small-scale soil maps of Russia, the zonal regularities of the soil cover in the East European Plain and high lithogenic mosaicity in Central and Eastern Siberia are clearly seen. The new map includes soil orders that were absent on the initial map: cryozems, cryometamorphic and hydrometamorphic soils, lithozems, cryoabrazems, cryoturbozems, urbostratozems, and organo-accumulative soils. Soils characteristic of humid conditions predominate: Al-Fe-humus soils (Podzols) (319.2 M ha, or 19% of the land fund of Russia), gley soils (Gleysols) (223.9 M ha, 13%), texture-differentiated soils (Luvisols and Regosols) (190.8 M ha, 11%), and peat soils (Histosols) (143.5 M ha, 8%) and occupy more than a half of the territory of Russia. The area of humus-accumulative soils most suitable for arable use is 103.6 M ha (6%). Considerable areas are occupied by soils of the orders of cryozems (Turbic Cryosols) (111.4 M ha), iron-metamorphic soils (Chromic Cambisols) (92.7 M ha), structure-metamorphic soils (Cambisols) (47.3 M ha), pale-metamorphic soils (Cambic Cryosols) (12.8 M ha), hydrometamorphic soils (Calcic Gleysols) (4.3 M ha), and cryometamorphic soils (Cambisols Gelic) (3.4 M ha), which corresponds to the vast continental territory of Russia with balanced moisture conditions. Separate place belongs to the soils with strict limitations for use (lithosols (Leptosols), weakly developed soils (Regosols, Nudilithic Leptosols)) but playing important biospheric functions and requiring special protection.
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Chereshnia, O. Yu y M. V. Gribok. "Regional Patterns Of Third-Level Digital Inequality In Russia: An Analysis Of Google Trends Data". GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 16, n.º 1 (7 de abril de 2023): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-107.
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Digital inequality extends beyond mere access to technology. This study explores the concept of third-level digital inequality, which describes the situation where individuals or communities have access to technology and the Internet, have required skills, but still struggle to use it effectively. However, there is currently a lack of data and methods for assessing thirdlevel digital inequality. To address this gap, this study aimed to evaluate it on a regional scale by analyzing the popularity of Google search queries. In proposed method, the data are categorized into three groups: everyday services, education, science, and technology, and entertainment. On this basis authors calculated the index of Internet usage efficiency. The study’s findings revealed the territorial patterns of digital inequality in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Regions in North Caucasus and Siberia showed low Internet usage efficiency, while regions in the Urals and Central Russia had high Internet usage efficiency. The study’s methodology is quick, cost-effective, and easy to implement, but it also has limitations. The method only considers the popularity of certain search queries and does not consider the frequency or duration of internet usage, or the specific websites or services accessed, and does not consider individual-level factors that may influence internet usage patterns. The authors emphasize the importance of addressing not only differences in Internet access but also the lack of technology skills, digital literacy, and motivation among certain groups. They conclude that public policies aimed at enhancing internet skills can reduce digital inequality and improve the quality of life of the population.
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BABURIN, V. L., M. D. GORYACHKO, K. V. DEMIDOVA y M. A. MAKUSHIN. "CORE-PERIPHERAL MODEL OF INDUSTRIAL LOCALIZATION: WORLD AND RUSSIA". Ser-5_2023_4 78, n.º 4 (2023) (18 de septiembre de 2023): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.4.1.
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The article deals with the problems of industrial territorial organization in the world and Russia under the “core - periphery” concept. The study is currently important because of the lack of systematic works considering the position of countries and regions in the “core - periphery” structure and the need to elaborate a typology of regions for the purposes of industrial policy. The object of the study is the countries of the world and the regions of Russia, and the subject is the level of their industrial development. The purpose of the study is to suggest a typology of the countries of the world and the regions of Russia in the core-periphery structure of industrial space basing on the qualitative and quantitative methodology. The novelty of the study is the application of an evolutionary and multi-scale approach to the analysis of the distribution of industrial potential across the countries of the world and the subjects of the Russian Federation. The research methodology assumes a qualitative and quantitative procedure for differentiating countries and regions of Russia by industrial productivity, its share in GDP/GRP, the evolutionary stage of development (duration of the industrialization cycle) and geographical location. The main task is to check the operability of the “core - periphery” model in relation to the cycles of industrialization for the end-to-end typology of the countries of the world and the regions of Russia. Special emphasis is placed on the study of differences in industrial productivity under the influence of such geographical factors as the level of industrialization, the resource capacity of production, the scale and branch structure of industry. While analyzing industry at the country level, the emphasis is on the duration of the period of industrialization, the per capita volume of industrial production and the share of industry in GDP. Labor productivity was calculated for the regions of Russia, and the level of innovation activity was also considered. The position of a country or a region in the “core - periphery” system depends on the branch of specialization, the “age” of industry and the industrial policy of the state: the countries and regions that modernize existing funds faster or create new industries preserve their core position. Old industrial countries and regions are shifting into sub-periphery and periphery. The sub-periphery also includes industrial and agricultural regions with a high share of agriculture and small resource regions of Siberia and the Far East. The composition of the periphery is stable and includes the underdeveloped republics of the Caucasus and southern Siberia. The current results made it possible to compare the typology of countries and regions in the “core - periphery” system, while the final results could be used to adjust Russia’s industrial policy.
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Popovicheva, O. B., M. A. Chichaeva, R. G. Kovach, N. S. Kasimov, V. O. Kobelev y А. I. Sinitskiy. "Wildfires as a source of black carbon in the Arctic in August 2022". Arctic: Ecology and Economy 13, n.º 2 (junio de 2023): 257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25283/2223-4594-2023-2-257-270.
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The assessment of aerosol pollution of the atmosphere in the high-latitude regions of the Arctic is among the most important environmental and climate problems. In the summer of 2022, due to abnormal temperatures and a lack of precipitation, the wildfire areas in the Western Siberia and European part of the Russian Federation reached record levels. At the polar aerosol station of the Moscow State University “Island Bely” (the Kara Sea), continuous aethalometric measurements of the short-lived climatic tracer namely black carbon are carried out. In August 2022, seven episodes of pollution were recorded, significantly exceeding the background typical for the Arctic summer. An analysis of the aerosol absorption capacity in a wide range of solar radiation revealed a significant effect of wildfire plumes on the aerosol composition of the Arctic atmosphere. The distribution of high concentrations of black carbon depending on the wind direction and speed pointed to the southern direction, Yamal Peninsula, as a source of high pollution. Regional distribution of black carbon sources calculated by the method of assigning air mass transfer trajectories to measured concentrations on Bely Island identifies the regions of the Western Siberia, the northern and central regions of the European part of Russia, the steppe regions of the East European Plain, and the Southern Urals. Wildfires from identified source regions impacted significantly the composition of the climatically active aerosol component of the atmosphere.
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Yakovenko, Nataliya V., Lyudmila V. Semenova, Elena Y. Nikolskaya, Elena Y. Semenova, Zhanar S. Rakhimbekova, Anzor Kh Karanashev, Marina Ye Tsoy y Natalia A. Azarova. "Innovative Development of Russian Regions: Assessment and Dynamics in the Context of Sustainable Development". Sustainability 16, n.º 3 (2 de febrero de 2024): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16031271.
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Innovative development of regions is a key factor that determines the level of competitiveness of the economies of all countries in the world. This article uses statistical tools to assess the level of innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the work is to assess the innovative development of the subjects of Russia for the period 2010–2020. Objectives of the study: (1) to study the main parameters of innovative development of the subjects of the Russian Federation; (2) to conduct a typology of Russian regions by the level of innovative development on the basis of cluster analysis. The selected time interval (2010–2020) was a period of increasing turbulent flows of development of socio-economic processes at the global, national and regional levels. Cluster analysis was used to identify spatial and functional features of innovative development of Russian regions. The obtained analytical calculations confirm a high degree of differentiation between the Russian regions by all key indicators of innovative development. The results of grouping regions on the basis of cluster analysis showed that there are four clusters based on the sum of normalized indicators, reflecting different levels of innovative development in Russian regions. The analysis revealed that most of the regions belong to the groups with moderate and low levels of innovative development. The regions of the Central and Volga Federal Districts have the highest level of innovative development, while the regions located in the north of the European part of Russia, the North Caucasus, the south of eastern Siberia and the Far East, as well as “new” regions, have a low level. The results of the study can be implemented by regional authorities for systematic monitoring of the level of innovative development of regions, making managerial decisions and developing mechanisms to ensure innovation activity in the regions.
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Konstantinov, A. V. "Scenario Approach to Adaptation of Forest Ecosystems in the Russian Federation under Climate Change". Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk Seriya Geograficheskaya 87, n.º 4 (1 de julio de 2023): 558–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2587556623040039.
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Correlations between the quantitative values of abiotic factors associated with climate change and the criteria for the vulnerability of forest ecosystems for 24 model subjects of the Russian Federation have been established. A high degree of closeness of the relationship between climatic parameters and forest fires was revealed for forest ecosystems in the Center and the South of Russia, as well as Eastern Siberia. Using a matrix model for positioning the adaptive potential of a single regional forest ecosystem, clusters with the most vulnerable to climate change groups of regional forest ecosystems were identified. The application of the developed methodology for the analysis of regional complexes of forest ecosystems made it possible to establish that there is a shift in the indicators of their adaptive potential to the lower limit of their sustainability (Arkhangelsk, Leningrad, Voronezh, Tyumen, Irkutsk oblasts, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Khabarovsk krai). Based on the study and clustering of model federal subjects according to the level of adaptive potential, differentiation of management decisions and forestry measures for enlarged territorial objects, including various federal subjects, was carried out in order to maintain and strengthen the adaptive potential of forest ecosystems. Measures for adapting forest ecosystems to climate change can be implemented in the context of three scenarios: forest management with elements of reactive adaptation to climate change for stable forest ecosystems, implementation of the forestry adaptation strategy to climate change for unstable forest ecosystems and restoration and maintenance of ecosystem functions of forests for degrading forest ecosystems.
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Romanovskaya, A. A. "Trends In Extreme Weather Events With Socio-Economic Damage Over The Period 1991-2019 In Russia And Its Regions". GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 16, n.º 4 (12 de enero de 2024): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2023-2703.
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Increased number of extreme weather events is one of the most serious hazards of climate change over the territory of Russia. However, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of the number of extreme weather events that caused social and economic damage in the country and its regions. This paper analyzes changes in the total number of events with damage (meteorological for the period 1991-2019 and agrometeorological – for 2004-2019), disaggregated by their types and by regions. The Mann-Kendall test is applied to detect statistical significance (0.05 level of significance, normal distribution). The results show an increase in the number of meteorological extreme events with damage for 1990-2019 in Russia from 130 to 257 events per year on average for the 1990s and 2010s, respectively, while the proportion of events with damage in relation to the total number of extreme events decreased over this period. We found statistically significant trends only for a few types of extreme events: hot and cold temperature, strong wind, heavy rain and droughts (increase by 0.9, 9.4, 11.4, 25.9 and 13.3 events/10 years, respectively). Number of heavy rain precipitation events is the only unidirectional stable growth trend. Unusual increasing trend in cold extreme events with damage in Russia can be attributed to the greater damage to the economy and population from cold extremes than hot ones. The regional distribution of trends across the territory of the Russian Federation is heterogeneous. However, significant changes in the number of extreme events of strong winds, heavy rains and soil drought by regions are statistically positive and observed mostly in some southern and central regions of European part and the Western Siberia. The development of adaptation plans to the negative effects of climate change is a first priority for these regions. A system for monitoring economic and non-economic damage from extreme events must be developed in Russia.
Libros sobre el tema "Physical geography – Russia (Federation) – Siberia"
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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Environmental change in Siberia: Earth observation, field studies and modelling. Dordrecht: Springer, 2010.
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I︠A︡kovlevich, Baklanov Petr, Govorushko S. M y Tikhookeanskiĭ institut geografii (Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ nauk), eds. Geograficheskie issledovanii︠a︡ na Dalʹnem Vostoke: Itogi i perspektivy, 2001-2005 : k 35-letii︠u︡ Tikhookeanskogo instituta geografii DVO RAN. Vladivostok: Dalʹnauka, 2006.
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Kozlovsky, Yevgeny A. The Superdeep Well of the Kola Peninsula. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987.
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I︠A︡kovleva, L. M. Territorialʹnai︠a︡ ot︠s︡enka vodnoresursnogo potent︠s︡iala: Raznourovennyĭ analiz. Vladivostok: Dalʹnauka, 1999.
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Timofeevich, Naprasnikov Aleksandr, ed. Mezhgornye kotloviny Zabaĭkalʹi︠a︡: Geograficheskie aspekty osvoenii︠a︡ i okhrany okruzhai︠u︡shcheĭ sredy. Novosibirsk: Sibirskoe otd-nie RAN, 2006.
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Balzter, Heiko. Environmental Change in Siberia: Earth Observation, Field Studies and Modelling. Springer, 2013.
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Kropotkin, Peter. Memoirs of a Revolutionist. Standard Ebooks, 2024.
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Coxe, William. Account of the Russian Discoveries Between Asia and America: To Which Are Added, the Conquest of Siberia, and the History of the Transactions and Commerce Between Russia and China. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2014.
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Kazansky, V. I., Yevgeny A. Kozlovsky, I. P. Lavrushko, G. A. Bylevski, Y. Y. Prizov, D. E. Stolyarov, N. I. Andrianov et al. The Superdeep Well of the Kola Peninsula. Springer, 1987.
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Hanʾguk chugŏsa. Sŏul: Minŭmsa, 1992.
Buscar texto completoActas de conferencias sobre el tema "Physical geography – Russia (Federation) – Siberia"
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Logunova, Elena. "Morphological evolution of the fringe-belts of Krasnoyarsk". En 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6052.
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Elena Logunova1Master of Urban Planning, Post-graduate student, 1Department of Urban Design and Planning, School of Architecture and Design, Siberian Federal University Address: 79 Svobodny pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation E-mail: ikukina@inbox.ru , el.lgnv@yandex.ruScientific adviser: Pd.D., Professor - I. V. Kukina Keywords: fringe-belt, Siberia, urban morphology, fixation lineConference topics and scale: Tools of analysis in urban morphologyThe fringe-belt concept is one of the most important concepts in urban morphology which provides a possibility to analyze existing urban layout. Urban fringe-belt phenomenon in cities of Siberia hitherto was poorly investigated. Thus, it constitutes an extremely broad research area.Phases and processes of formation, transformation and alienation in urban fringe-belts examines at the case of Krasnoyarsk from the 17th to mid 20th centuries. Krasnoyarsk was founded as a military stockaded town in 1628 during the first period of Siberia development and experienced several historical stages in the process of urban growth.Relation of changes in fringe-belts structure and political and socio-economic contexts is evidently at all periods of their physical formation. Natural fixation lines (topographic features, body of big river, and development of small river valley) and man-made fixation lines (city walls, railway corridor) influenced to the formation and evolution processes of fringe-belts and urban fabric generally. Railway was a turning point in the city expansion and contributed to overcoming of the power natural fixation line as the Yenisei river. Unlike the urban core, right bank of Krasnoyarsk formed as a linear city with specific fringe belts.Detailed analysis of Krasnoyarsk city plan indentifies several morphological units separated by fringe-belts. These fringe-belts are characterized by distinctive road network, variety of land-use units and heterogeneous forms in plan. It presents difficulties for reconstruction projects of modern city. An approach for renovation of these territories needs to depend on urban morphology methodology. ReferencesConzen M. P., Kai Gu, Whitehand J. W. R. (2012) ‘Comparing traditional urban form in China and Europe: a fringe-belt approach’ Urban Geography, 33, 1, p. 22–45.Whitehand J.W. R, Morton N. J. (2003) ‘Fringe belts and the recycling of urban land: an academic concept and planning practice’, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, volume 30, p.819- 839. Ünlü T. (2013) ‘Thinking about urban fringe belts: a Mediterranean perspective’, Urban Morphology 17 (1), p. 5-20.