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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Person evacuation"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 25 de mayo de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Person evacuation"

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Badrul, M. Kemal y Yosritzal. "Comparing the evacuation speed through a ramp and a stair in a tsunami evacuation drill in Padang". E3S Web of Conferences 331 (2021): 07014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202133107014.

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In a vertical evacuation, there are two types of a route that could be chosen namely a ramp and a stair. A ramp is usually used to help a disabled person with a wheelchair to reach the top of a shelter and a stair is used for normal persons. However, in an evacuation, speed is very important. Therefore, a comparison between the use of stairs and ramp in terms of evacuation speed to reach the top should be evaluated. This paper presents an evaluation of the evacuation speed using stairs and ramps by normal persons. The study found that evacuating using stairs is slightly faster than using a ramp.

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Zhang, Fuqing, Rebecca E. Morss, J. A. Sippel, T. K. Beckman, N. C. Clements, N. L. Hampshire, J. N. Harvey et al. "An In-Person Survey Investigating Public Perceptions of and Responses to Hurricane Rita Forecasts along the Texas Coast". Weather and Forecasting 22, n.º 6 (1 de diciembre de 2007): 1177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007waf2006118.1.

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Abstract Hurricane Rita made landfall near the Texas–Louisiana border in September 2005, causing major damage and disruption. As Rita approached the Gulf Coast, uncertainties in the storm’s track and intensity forecasts, combined with the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, led to major evacuations along the Texas coast and significant traffic jams in the broader Houston area. This study investigates the societal impacts of Hurricane Rita and its forecasts through a face-to-face survey with 120 Texas Gulf Coast residents. The survey explored respondents’ evacuation decisions prior to Hurricane Rita, their perceptions of hurricane risk, and their use of and opinions on Hurricane Rita forecasts. The vast majority of respondents evacuated from Hurricane Rita, and more than half stated that Hurricane Katrina affected their evacuation decision. Although some respondents said that their primary reason for evacuating was local officials’ evacuation order, many reported using information about the hurricane to evaluate the risk it posed to them and their families. Despite the major traffic jams and the minor damage in many evacuated regions, most evacuees interviewed do not regret their decision to evacuate. The majority of respondents stated that they intend to evacuate for a future category 3 hurricane, but the majority would stay for a category 2 hurricane. Most respondents obtained forecasts from multiple sources and reported checking forecasts frequently. Despite the forecast uncertainties, the respondents had high confidence in and satisfaction with the forecasts of Rita provided by the National Hurricane Center.

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3

Jin, Lianghai, Mingzhang Xiang, Shu Chen, Xiazhong Zheng, Ruojun Yao y Yangao Chen. "An Orderly Untangling Model against Arching Effect in Emergency Evacuation Based on Equilibrium Partition of Crowd". Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2757939.

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To untangle the arching effect of a crowd as much as possible in emergency evacuations, we employ a theoretical model of equilibrium partition of crowd batch. Based on the shortest time arrangement of evacuation, the crowd is divided into appropriate batches according to the occupied time of evacuation channel in order to determine the occupant number of every evacuation passageway. The number of each batch crowd is calculated under the condition that the time of entering the evacuation passageway is equal to the time of crossing over the evacuation passageway. Subsequently, the shortest processing time (SPT) rule establishes the evacuation order of each batch. Taking a canteen of China Three Gorges University as a background, we obtain the waiting time from the first person to the last one entering the evacuation channel in every batch by simulation. This research utilizes data from simulations to observe an untangling process against the arching effect based on the SPT rule. More specifically, evacuation time only lasts for 180.1 s in order and is 1.6 s longer than that in disorder, but the arching effect disappears. Policy recommendations are offered to improve the evacuation scheme in disaster operations.

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Zając, Krzysztof, Maciej Sydor y Beata Mrugalska. "QUALITY OF EMERGENCY STAIR TRAVEL DEVICES". Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP 86 (26 de junio de 2023): 23–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.7145.

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Emergency stair travel devices are designed to evacuate people from buildings and used duringinitial unguided spontaneous evacuations as well as by professional emergency services. Therequirements for evacuation chairs are varied: they are determined by the technical conditions ofthe building, by the specific way of operation of non-professional and professional operators, andon the other hand, they must take into account the specificity of evacuated people. The problemis to indicate the quality parameters of the evacuation chairs so that these chairs can be adaptedto the organization and equipment system. The article aims to indicate and justify such qualityparameters. The starting point was a quantitative analysis of scientific documents. It was foundthat there are only 33 scientific documents directly related to research on the evacuation of peoplewith physical disabilities. Based on the literature, the tested evacuated devices were classified intothree main types: hand-carried, tracked, and sled. Three groups of potential users of emergencystair travel devices have been identified: 1) non-professional rescuer, i.e., a person assisting inthe first spontaneous phase of evacuation; (2) professional rescuer, meaning a firefighter or otherprofessional who is physically fit and well versed in the operation of equipment and evacuationprocedures; this type of user usually appears in the second phase of the evacuation; (3) evacuee. Eachof these groups has specific needs and evaluates the quality of the device in different ways. Basedon the analysis of scientific literature, the following predictors of the quality of emergency stairtravel devices have been identified: average evacuation time(s), evacuation speed (m/s), numberof rescuers (pcs.), effort of rescuers (estimated oxygen consumption or pulse rate) and comfort ofthe person being rescued (estimated by pulse frequency or based on surveys). The expert analysispoints out that essential requirements for evacuation devices vary for different people and do notoverlap. For a person being evacuated, for example, the position of the body during evacuation isimportant, and from the point of view of rescuers, the ease of use, mobility and tolerance for errorsin use are important in case of evacuation. Both groups of rescuers have similar requirements, butthey have different priorities.

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Leonard, Ralph B. "Emergency Evacuations in Disasters". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 6, n.º 4 (diciembre de 1991): 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00038978.

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AbstractSome disasters produce circumstances that require the emergency removal of some or all of the citizens from a geographic area. Emergency or mass evacuation can be divided into immediate evacuation, in which the citizens are given no warning of their need to evacuate, and potential evacuation, in which citizens are given time (usually a day or two) to evacuate. The mass evacuation aspect of disaster planning frequently is neglected, but must be planned in detail. An essential ingredient of a plan is the designation of a person who has the authority to order an evacuation and that that person or an authorized alternate, is available instantly 24 hours a day. The plans should identify likely scenarios which could require emergency evacuation for a given community requiring, means of communicating with the citizens, evacuation routes, evacuation mechanisms, and shelter arrangements. All plans need to take into account human behavior during such a stressful situation.

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6

Li, Wei, Sen Li, Yeheng Wang y Junying Yun. "Study on Personnel Detection Based on Retinex and YOLOv4 in Building Fire". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2185, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2022): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2185/1/012039.

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Abstract When a fire occurs in a building, the internal environment is full of dense smoke, which will greatly hinder the evacuation and rescue of the trapped persons. If the evacuation and rescue are not in time, the life safety of the trapped persons will be seriously threatened. In response to this problem, this paper proposes a method for quickly detecting trapped persons in building fires. This method uses a combination of multi-scale Retinex image sharpening algorithm and YOLOv4 person detection algorithm. First obtain the image information of the fire scene, use the multi-scale Retinex algorithm based on the Gaussian pyramid to perform the sharpening process, and then use the YOLOv4 model to perform the personnel detection on the sharpened fire scene image. The experimental results show that the confidence of image person detection after Retinex sharpening processing has been significantly improved.

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7

Ferris, Thomas, Erick Moreno-Centeno, Justin Yates, Kisuk Sung, Mahmoud El-Sherif y David Matarrita-Cascante. "Studying the Usage of Social Media and Mobile Technology during Extreme Events and Their Implications for Evacuation Decisions: A Case Study of Hurricane Sandy". International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 34, n.º 2 (agosto de 2016): 204–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701603400202.

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Mobile technology, and the changing composition and purpose of social networks enabled by mobile devices have begun to noticeably impact the way self-evacuees prepare for and execute evacuations. We surveyed residents of New Jersey after Hurricane Sandy with results showing the ubiquity of mobile technology and its usage stability across social groups. During evacuation periods, increases in the use of microblogging sites were observed suggesting the importance of technology in evacuation contexts. Though traditional communication (e.g., in-person and t.v./radio) maintained high influence in decision planning, individuals exhibited a higher likelihood to accept and use information obtained through social media and mobile networks than has previously been documented. Using a k-means clustering analysis, we classified users based on their reported use of mobile technology during Sandy. Results show five distinct classification sets with varying degrees of mobile technology ownership and usage, further highlighting a changing paradigm in evacuation behaviour spurred by mobile technology.

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Wirth, Ervin y György Szabó. "Overlap-avoiding Tickmodel: an Agent- and GIS-Based Method for Evacuation Simulations". Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering 62, n.º 1 (14 de junio de 2017): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppci.10823.

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Evacuation simulation is a method to determine evacuation times for areas, buildings, or vessels. It is based on the simulation of crowd dynamics and pedestrian motion; in this paper, we investigated the evacuation characteristics with a new motion model. The motion model and modeling space were implemented in an agent-based environment. The model is simple and generally applicable, it navigates the agent towards the destinations (safe zones) in a mixed macro-micro approach. The simulations were tested in a geospatially modeled lecture hall of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME). The evacuation times and the panic rate were both estimated; a new way of measurement was applied for panic. Finally, conclusions were made on the person count ~ evacuation time and person count ~ panic rate relations. The paper introduces the key factors of this complex modeling phenomenon and demonstrates how to set up an agent-based evacuation model. The results can simulate the real phenomenon and constitute valuable assets for decision-making in public safety issues (architectural design, evacuation protocol, regulations of space).

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9

Pang, Edgar C. L. y Wan-Ki Chow. "Adequacy of Safe Egress Design Codes for Supertall Buildings". Journal of Disaster Research 6, n.º 6 (1 de diciembre de 2011): 568–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2011.p0568.

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Emergency evacuation for supertall buildings with heights over 200 m require a very long time for occupants to travel down the buildings. Occupants might jam into protected lobbies and staircases, extending the waiting time. There is not yet any code requirement specifically for emergency evacuation in supertall buildings, which are criticized for using the same codes for buildings with normal heights. Further, the evacuation design for several existing supertall buildings does not even follow prescriptive fire-safety codes. The underlying problems have not yet been addressed by thorough studies. Evacuation in such tall buildings in Hong Kong will be studied in this paper. The assumptions made in the local prescriptive codes for safe egress will be justified. Three buildings with evacuation design complying with the local codes are considered as examples. A commercial building, a hotel, and a residential block in Hong Kong are taken as examples. The key design parameters in the local codes are for 40 people evacuating with a flow rate of 1.1 person/s through the staircase between typical floors. The evacuation time from each floor to the protected lobby is assumed to be within 5 min. The evacuation times in different scenarios with these assumptions are calculated. Such assumptions do not hold under a high occupant load. The total evacuation time would be extended significantly when the travelling flows of occupants are blocked in any of the evacuation routes. Different fire-safety management schemes with staged evacuation, such as assigning higher priorities to evacuate lower or upper floors first, are evaluated. The results observed for safe egress are then discussed.

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Song, Young-Joo, D.-ong-Gil Seo, Mi-Seon Kim y Hak-Joong Kim. "A Study on the Improvement Plan of Performance-based Design of Officetels of Residential Structure". Fire Science and Engineering 35, n.º 5 (31 de octubre de 2021): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.632835ea.

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This study aims to identify the effect of the occupant density, application of the evacuation delay time, and the degree of opening of the fire doors in the household, parameters that are used in the performance-based design of the officetels of a residential structure, on the evaluation of evacuation safety and to suggest realistic alternatives. To this end, a preliminary survey was conducted on the number and ratio of residential officetels among the performance-based design targets in Gwangju Metropolitan City, which were implemented up to December 2020. Following this, two representative examples were selected, and for each type, an occupant density of 9.3 m<sup>2</sup>/person and 18.6 m<sup>2</sup>/person and an evacuation delay time of W1 and W2 were applied. In addition, for the degree of opening of the fire doors, full opening, 1/4 opening, and leakage gap were applied. With these conditions, the evaluation of evacuation safety was performed for 32 cases. Results of the evaluation showed that evacuation safety was secured in all cases for an occupant density of 18.6 m<sup>2</sup>/person, an evacuation delay time of W2, and the application of a leakage gap to the opening of the fire door. Therefore, using the above mentioned three parameters for the performance-based design of officetels of residential structures, we have proposed a more realistic design method in this study.

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Más fuentes

Tesis sobre el tema "Person evacuation"

1

Sun, Yingying. "Action Research to Promote Tsunami Risk Reduction: Ethnographic Approaches to Disaster Education and Tsunami Evacuation". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/192218.

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Tingestedt, Mikaela y Jonas Danielsson. "Utrymning i spårtunnel på upphöjd gångbana : Svaga ljusförhållandens effekt på förflyttningen". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-36255.

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Evacuation of trains in tunnels is currently taking place in diverse ways. One of the methods implies that passengers leave the train along the railways on elevated walkways. The knowledge about the impact of elevated walkways on the safety level is today very limited. As more and more elevated walkways are designed in rail tunnels, it is important that studies and evacuation trials are made to investigate how those affect the safety level of the evacuation. This master thesis’ project aims to investigate the relationship between low light conditions, people's behaviour and ability to evacuate a train on an elevated walkway. To investigate this, the core in the work consisted a practical evacuation trial which purpose was to study people’s movement on a raised walkway under different illumination levels: 200 lux, 5 lux and 1 lux. A total of 16 escape trials were performed as controlled evacuations on a simulated elevated walkway with the measures 1.2x20 meters with a level difference down to the ground plane of 1.24 meters. The result of the evacuation trial showed that the intensity of illumination played a significant role in both the movement speed, the person flow and the peoples distance to the edge. The peoples flow and speed did generally decrease during the partial trials performed during the weaker light intensities, 5 lux and 1 lux, compared to partial trials performed during 200 lux. A general result regarding the effect of light intensity on the people’s distance to the edge is that during the partial trials performed with the weaker light intensities, 5 lux and 1 lux, more people chose to go further from the edge. The conclusion of these results is that a minimum brightness in tunnels should be 1 lux, but a stronger illumination should be sought to increase the safety of the passengers in case of evacuation. Regarding the learning effect on the trial procedure, it can be seen from the results that the more trials carried out, the closer the edge the people went combined with an increased speed and flow. The people became comfortable in the environment and hesitated less, which generated a source of error in the result. A conclusion of the practical evacuation trial is that by conducting a trial in this type of environment, we were given the opportunity to study the problems as well as the complexity that an evacuation may imply. The experiment further provided valuable information and knowledge about the problems that may arise in an evacuation, both from a technical and behavioural perspective.

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3

Santos, Tânia Alexandra Godinho dos. "Segurança do Doente Crítico: Evacuação da Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/30390.

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As Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos devem estar preparadas para a eventual ocorrência de um acidente grave ou catástrofe, seja de âmbito interno ou externo, que poderá resultar na necessidade de evacuação dos doentes. Desta forma, as unidades devem dispor de um plano de emergência e autoproteção, onde estejam descritos os procedimentos a realizar. Evacuar doentes de uma Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos é um processo moroso e complexo, pelo que, os enfermeiros devem estar preparados para agir, face a esta necessidade. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um projeto de intervenção com o objetivo de dar formação sobre esta temática e realizar uma norma de procedimento que todos conheçam e que sirva de orientação face a uma necessidade de evacuação. A realização do relatório permitiu também, descrever a aquisição de competências comuns e específicas do enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica: A Pessoa em Situação Crítica, assim como, das competências de mestre em Enfermagem.
Intensive Care Units must be prepared for the possible occurrence of a major acci-dent or catastrophe, whether internal or external, which may result in the need to evacuate patients. In this way, the units must have an emergency and self-protection plan, which de-scribes the procedures to be performed. Evacuating patients from an Intensive Care Unit is a time consuming and complex process, so nurses must be prepared to act in response to this need. In this sense, an intervention project was carried out with the objective of providing training on this subject and making a standard of procedure that everyone knows and that serves as an orientation towards a need for evacuation. The report also made it possible to describe the acquisition of common and specific competences of the specialist nurse in Med-ical-Surgical Nursing: The Person in a Critical Situation, as well as the competencies of a master’s degree in Nursing.

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4

Santos, Tânia Alexandra Godinho dos. "Segurança do doente crítico: evacuação da unidade de cuidados intensivos". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/26680.

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As Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos devem estar preparadas para a eventual ocorrência de um acidente grave ou catástrofe, seja de âmbito interno ou externo, que poderá resultar na necessidade de evacuação dos doentes. Desta forma, as unidades devem dispor de um plano de emergência e autoproteção, onde estejam descritos os procedimentos a realizar. Evacuar doentes de uma Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos é um processo moroso e complexo, pelo que, os enfermeiros devem estar preparados para agir, face a esta necessidade. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um projeto de intervenção com o objetivo de dar formação sobre esta temática e realizar uma norma de procedimento que todos conheçam e que sirva de orientação face a uma necessidade de evacuação. A realização do relatório permitiu também, descrever a aquisição de competências comuns e específicas do enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica: A Pessoa em Situação Crítica, assim como, das competências de mestre em Enfermagem; ABSTRACT: Intensive Care Units must be prepared for the possible occurrence of a major accident or catastrophe, whether internal or external, which may result in the need to evacuate patients. In this way, the units must have an emergency and self-protection plan, which describes the procedures to be performed. Evacuating patients from an Intensive Care Unit is a time consuming and complex process, so nurses must be prepared to act in response to this need. In this sense, an intervention project was carried out with the objective of providing training on this subject and making a standard of procedure that everyone knows and that serves as an orientation towards a need for evacuation. The report also made it possible to describe the acquisition of common and specific competences of the specialist nurse in Medical- Surgical Nursing: The Person in a Critical Situation, as well as the competencies of a master’s degree in Nursing.

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5

Uhlík, Ondřej. "Posouzení ochrany významných měkkých cílů vůči teroristickým útokům prostřednictvím simulace evakuace osob". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392140.

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Diploma thesis deals with the issue of terrrorism in relation to soft targets and subsequent assessment of the selected soft target in terms of possible terrorist attack. The objective is primary school Sirotkova in Brno. The assessment criteria was evacuation of the school as a whole and its individual parts. A risk analysis was performed for the object to determine real threats in which there were clasified the probability and extent of impacts of potential attacks. The most likely scenarios of the attack were identified, based on this analysis. These scenarios were subsequently implemented into an advanced numerical 3D model, where the evacuation was simulated within these scenarios. In the framework of the school assessment, the work focused on comparing three different approaches to the evacuation process. The evacuation process was compared according to parameters of experimental data obtained from the practise of evacuation of primary school with evacuation processes set acording to the parameters of fire standards CSN and international SFPE fire safety standards. The results of the individual simulations were processed with a statistically determined probability percentile. The outcome of the assessment was to determine the probable evacuation time of the school and its individual parts. Based on these results, there was performed a proposal to optimize the evacuation process of the school, which made the process more efective and shortened the evacuation time to minimalize the impact of a potential terrorist attack.

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Theos, Constantin. "Modélisation du mouvement des personnes lors de l'évacuation d'un bâtiment à la suite d'un sinistre". Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENPC9407.

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Ce travail a porté sur l'élaboration d'un modèle et d'un logiciel de simulation du mouvement de personnes évacuant un bâtiment, lors d'un incendie ou bien à l'occurrence d'une autre situation dégradée justifiant l'évacuation ou la provoquant spontanément. Un algorithme original a été développé, applicable à de fortes densités de personnes dans un environnement complexe comprenant des obstacles au mouvement. Un maillage sert de trame pour représenter, outre les aires offertes au déplacement, les murs et autres obstacles, qu'ils soient matériels ou qu'ils représentent des régions dangereuses. Le logiciel développé simule le déplacement des occupants évoluant en coordonnées continues dans un environnement complexe et interagissant au niveau de la vitesse de leur déplacement ainsi que de la densité maximale d'occupation qu'il est possible d'atteindre. Ce modèle a pu être réalisé au moyen d'une application locale, au niveau du micro-environnement de chaque occupant, des lois de corrélation macroscopiques vitesse-densité identifiées par plusieurs auteurs. L'utilisation d'un post-processeur graphique mis au point lors de ce travail, a rendu possible la mise en évidence des phénomènes inhérents au mouvement de foule (accumulation, blocage, détente,)

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7

Kürkçü, Mehmet. "L’urbanisme et les aménagements hydrauliques de Termessos". Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040148.

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Cette thèse a pour objectif d’étudier les aménagements hydrauliques de Termessos en Pisidie dont le site montagneux et isolé est dépourvu de sources, en rassemblant le corpus de toutes les structures explorables, et d’en définir l’intérêt technologique et socio-Historique durant l’époque hellénistique et impériale. Après le dépouillement des sources écrites et de la bibliographie moderne, nous avons effectué une exploration détaillée du terrain. Plusieurs méthodes ont été appliquées au cours des six prospections archéologiques qui ont eu lieu entre 2010 et 2013, telles qu’une étude géophysique par radar à pénétration du sol et une analyse par magnétomètre à vapeur (gradiomètre). Nous avons eu également recours à la collaboration interdisciplinaire avec des spécialistes architectes, géographes, géologues, hydrologues et archéologues. Dans le cadre d’une recherche comparative, de nombreux sites antiques ont été visités en Anatolie, en Grèce, en France et en Espagne afin de mieux appréhender l’évolution du système hydraulique dans différentes conditions géographiques. Suite à ces travaux, 162 structures hydrauliques ont été observées et inventoriées. Nous avons identifié deux nouveaux types de citernes antiques, un barrage bien conservé, un édifice de spectacle et l’unique sanctuaire dédié à Pan découvert en Anatolie jusqu’ici. Nous avons interprété les vestiges de deux constructions comme des établissements thermaux. Force est de constater que face à un milieu naturel hostile, les Termessiens ont romanisé leur ville en effectuant des travaux considérables, leur permettant de couvrir leurs besoins en eau et d’accéder au niveau de vie urbain de l’époque impériale romaine
The aim of this PhD is not only to focus on Termessos' hydraulic settlement, which has been erected on a sourceless location, but also to examine all explorable structures in order to define their socio-Historical interest and highlight their value to the understanding of hellenistic and roman times. We have started by studying the written sources and by conducting extensive research on site. Different technics have been employed such as georadar technology (Ground Penetration Radar, GPR) and vapour magnetometer (gradiometer) in order to collect data during the six archaeological prospections which took place between 2010 and 2013. Researchers from various disciplines have brought their expertise to this work : architects, geographers, geologists, hydrologists and archaeologists. During this investigation, many ancient sites have been explored in Anatolia, Greece, France and Spain in order to understand the evolution of the hydraulic system with regard to geographical requirements. Followings this, 162 hydraulic structures have been studied and registered. The irrigation and water supply network as well as the sewerage system have been restored. We have discovered two new types of ancient tank, a well preserved water dam, an entertainment building and the only sanctuary dedicated to Pan found in Anatolia so far. The remains of two establishments have been interpreted as thermal baths. Most of all, and despite a challenging natural environment, the Termessians have romanized their city by carrying out great major construction projects allowing them to fulfill their water needs and to celebrate their power

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8

ŽÁČEK, Radovan. "Evakuace velké nemocnice". Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-49335.

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Act no. 328/2001 of the Collection of Laws defines that, apart from others, evacuation must be planned for handling emergency situations that require an alarm of the third or spe-cial degree to be raised. Successful evacuation requires an evacuation plan be made as part of crisis preparedness plans and this project could become a template for preparing evacuation plans for emergency situations at Fakultní nemocnice (a teaching hospital) in Motol, Prague. The teaching hospital in Motol is one of the largest hospitals in central Europe. It has 2,500 beds at its disposal, 350 of which are with intensive care. The hospital has large prem-ises the heart of which consists of two monoblocks, one for children patients and the other for adult ones. The other buildings in the hospital house its technical and administrative facilities or some special departments. The set of persons in question includes all the people in danger on the premises at the time of raised evacuation. It means hospitalized patients, outpatient ones, employees, students and teachers of the 2. Lékařská fakulta UK (the Medical Faculty of Charles University) and visitors. The objective of this work is to create model templates for evacuation plans for se-lected wards as well as larger departments, including the entire hospital complex. The other objective is to verify, or refute, the hypothesis that evacuation, partial or complete, of a large hospital can be finished within 12 hours. The methodology was based on detailed data collection about each ward and bed de-partments (location, number of beds, number of staff at various time of the day etc). Another source of information was a detailed survey of the entire premises focused at finding potential evacuation routes inside as well as outside the buildings, capacity of corridors, stairways, lifts, and other important information related to evacuation. The results of the project are presented in the form of ten model evacuation plans for various individual parts as well as whole units of the hospital: 1. Evacuation of one ward of the children{\crq}s monoblock, 2. Evacuation of one wing of the children{\crq}s monoblock, 3. Entire evacuation of the children{\crq}s monoblock, 4. Evacuation of one ward of the adult{\crq}s monoblock, 5. Evacuation of one floor in one communication node of the adult{\crq}s monoblock, 6. Evacua-tion of one entire communication node of the adult{\crq}s monoblock, 7. Entire evacuation of the adult{\crq}s monoblock, 8. Evacuation of the other hospital facilities, 9. Evacuation of another pa-vilion, 10. Entire evacuation of the whole hospital. The final results show that it is not possible to have one universal evacuation plan that would include all potential situations but several plans for particular kinds of exposure and sizes of departments in danger. The hypothesis was verified for variants 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 8. and 9. but it was not verified for variants 7. and 10. Evacuation of the entire adult{\crq}s mon-oblock and evacuation of the whole hospital cannot be finished within 12 hours after alert.

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MÍCHAL, Petr. "Zhodnocení vlivu požárně bezpečnostních zařízení na bezpečnost unikajících osob z objektu". Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-137789.

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The safety evacuation from the fire affected building is the most imported thing, which is bound to the fire safety of building. The evacuation of persons is necessary process and procedure which can safe lives and health in the most of extraordinary event caused by fire of buildings or technologies. The typical efect attend fires set in buildings, which threaten persons, property and fire - fighting fire brigades. These threaten efects are products of combustion, flame, heat and deficiency of oxygen. I present the way how to use the fire safety devices in various types of buildings in my diploma work, above all towards to safety escape persons from the fire affected building. I describe the practical positive and also negative finding during installation and mutual coordination the fire safety devices.

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Libros sobre el tema "Person evacuation"

1

United States. National Park Service., ed. The evacuation and relocation of persons of Japanese ancestry during World War II: A historical study of the Manzanar War Relocation Center. [Denver? Colo.]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, 1996.

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Unrau, Harlan D. Manzanar National Historic Site, California: The evacuation and relocation of persons of Japanese ancestry during World War II : a historical study of the Manzanar War Relocation Center. [Denver, Colo.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, 1996.

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Unrau, Harlan D. Manzanar National Historic Site, California: The evacuation and relocation of persons of Japanese ancestry during World War II : a historical study of the Manzanar War Relocation Center. [Denver, Colo.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, 1996.

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Unrau, Harlan D. Manzanar National Historic Site, California: The evacuation and relocation of persons of Japanese ancestry during World War II : a historical study of the Manzanar War Relocation Center. [Denver, Colo.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, 1996.

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Unrau, Harlan D. Manzanar National Historic Site, California: The evacuation and relocation of persons of Japanese ancestry during World War II : a historical study of the Manzanar War Relocation Center. [Denver, Colo.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, 1996.

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The disappearance of Danny Doyle. Ludlow, Shropshire: Fiction Express, 2014.

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"Vykovyrennye": Lichnostnoe vosprii︠a︡tie ėvakuat︠s︡ii v gody Velikoĭ otechestvennoĭ voĭny : monografii︠a︡. Magnitogorsk: Izd-vo Magnitogorsk. gos. tekh. un-ta im. G. I. Nosova, 2016.

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Mahogany, Pamela. Oral history interview with Pamela Mahogany, June 4, 2006: Interview U-0243, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007). Chapel Hill, N.C: University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2008.

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Simpson, A. W. B. Detention without trial in the Second World War: Comparing the British and American experience. [Toronto, Ont.]: Faculty of Law, University of Toronto, 1990.

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1952-, Harter Karen, Child Lee, Dallas Sandra, Maron Margaret y Reader's Digest Association, eds. Select Editions: Volume 4 2007. Pleasantville, N.Y: Reader's Digest Association, 2007.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Person evacuation"

1

Youn, H., Y. Hwang y Y. Kwon. "A Study of Density of the Person in a Classroom for Building Evacuation Safety Regulations in Korea". En Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, 805–11. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_78.

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Saran, Karthi, Kunal Yadav, Yash Prakash, Nithin Subhash, Amritha Suresh y Siddharth Mahesh. "‘Saarathi’—Novel Design and Prototype of Single Person Operated Casualty Evacuation Stretcher". En Applications of Computational Methods in Manufacturing and Product Design, 221–36. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0296-3_20.

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Jong-Hoon, K., K. Woon-Hyung, R. Sam-Kew, L. Duck-Hee, J. Woo-Sung y H. Kyung. "Experiments on Egress of Persons with Mobile Disability in Train Car". En Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, 813–17. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_79.

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Yusif-zade, Kenan. "Medical Evacuation of Emergency Affected Persons". En Hot Topics in Acute Care Surgery and Trauma, 79–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34116-9_8.

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Fisher, D. A. y A. Jenkins. "Micro-Simulation Modeling of Persons with Reduced Mobility: Is the London Framework Applicable in North America and Does it Affect Modeling Output". En Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, 713–23. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9725-8_63.

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Moser, Ivana Righetto y João Carlos Souza. "Fires in Historic Buildings: Assessment of Evacuation of Persons by Computational Simulation". En Operations Management for Social Good, 863–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23816-2_85.

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Popovych, Nataliia, Karyna Danova, Viktoriia Malysheva y Maria Skopets. "Layout of Buildings in the Context of Organization the Evacuation of Persons with Disabilities". En Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 271–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17385-1_22.

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Jahani, Alireza, Shenene Jess, Derek Groen, Diana Suleimenova y Yani Xue. "Developing an Agent-Based Simulation Model to Forecast Flood-Induced Evacuation and Internally Displaced Persons". En Computational Science – ICCS 2023, 550–63. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36027-5_43.

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Graham, Philip. "14. Postscript". En Susan Isaacs, 313–32. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0297.14.

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The twenty-first century has seen a continuation of interest in the influence of Susan Isaacs in the field of education and beyond. Since her death, there has been growing interest in the idea of children as individuals with their own interests and personalities on which both parents and teachers should build. It has become more widely understood however that child centred methods of education are likely to benefit some groups, girls and the highly privileged, more than others. The twenty first century has also seen greater appreciation of the importance of the ideas of Geoffrey Pyke in the development of the educational philosophy of the Malting House School. It is clear that Isaacs herself developed reservations about the totally free disciplinary approach shown in the early days of the school. Recent scholarship has given greater prominence to Melanie Klein, indirectly through Susan Isaacs, in the popularisation of psychoanalysis, especially in educational circles, in the 1920s and 1930s. In fact, the increasing profile given to psychoanalytic concepts over this period, had many, highly diverse roots. Given the manner in which, in recent years, the lives of so many children throughout the world have been disrupted by war and civil conflict, it is not surprising that Isaacs’s work on the effects of evacuation and family disruption should have roused interest. Her Evacuation Survey may be seen as one of the earliest relevant studies. Finally, and here the evidence is much more tenuous, Isaacs has been seen as an early anti-colonialist. Such claims are unnecessary to establish Isaacs’s reputation, sufficiently well based as it is on her strong claim to fame in the fields of both early education and psychoanalysis.

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Kwee-Meier, Sonja, Karsten Müller, Alexander Mertens y Christopher M. Schlick. "Assessment of Health Risks for Rescue Workers in Evacuations During Person Transportation with Rescue Devices in Corridors and Stairways". En Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 343–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41929-9_32.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Person evacuation"

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Liu, Xin, Yangming Zhao y Chunming Qiao. "Autonomous Vehicle Dispatching for Person Evacuation". En GLOBECOM 2019 - 2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globecom38437.2019.9014065.

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Annadata, Prasad, Wisam Eltarjaman y Ramakrishna Thurimella. "Person Detection Techniques for an IoT Based Emergency Evacuation Assistance System". En MOBIQUITOUS 2016: Computing Networking and Services. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3004010.3004019.

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Abdelaal, Ali, Charitha Dias, Majid Sarvi, Wael Alhajyaseen y Faris Tarlochan. "Mega Events and Crowd Evacuation at Tourist Attractions: A Case Study of Souq Waqif using Pedestride® Crowd Simulation Tool". En Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0238.

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Evacuating individuals at large gathering places can be achieved safely and efficiently through the detailed understanding of crowd dynamics within a certain location. Souq Waqif is a major tourist attraction in Qatar that is expected to see a sever increase in the number of visitors throughout the FIFA World Cup 2022 period. Due to the complexity of running evacuation drills in public areas, crowd simulation software are commonly used to assess crowd management and control strategies at such locations. The present study is aimed at gauging crowd dynamics in Souq Waqif during both normal and emergency evacuation using Pedestride® Crowd Simulation tool. The tool has been developed at Melbourne University, and was validated and calibrated using empirical data collected through real-world observations as well as controlled experiments. The study demonstrated that at increased demands and during emergency evacuation, crowds are likely to take similar routes what leads to a much higher flows towards certain exits. Moreover, the results showed that increasing visitors demands could raise the maximum crowd density to unsafe level of 6 person per square meter at specific gates and junctions. In order to mitigate unfavorable situations such as stampeding in the course of an emergency, dynamic exit signs are proposed to direct crowds to nearest and least occupied exits.

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Hall, T. A. y B. H. J. W. Seligman. "ARKTOS Evacuation Craft for Beaufort Sea Shear Zone Operation". En SNAME 9th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-171.

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A major area of concern for any offshore oil development beyond the Beaufort Sea transition ice region, the Shear Zone, is Escape, Evacuation and Rescue (EER) capability, due to the extreme environmental conditions that will be encountered. In response to a Shell Offshore, Inc. (Shell) initiative, a conceptual design for a 75 person ARKTOS Amphibious Evacuation Craft has been developed for operation in this region. This paper describes recent advances in ARKTOS Craft technology and new conceptual design features that have been developed for recent and future ARKTOS Craft, including the Concept Shear Zone Craft.

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Jian, Yao y Tian Dongmei. "Study on the Theory of Person Safety Evacuation in Coal Mine during the Gas Disaster". En 2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology (iCBEB). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbeb.2012.384.

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Kakizaki, Takao, Jiro Urii y Mitsuru Endo. "Post-Tsunami Evacuation Simulation Using 3D Kinematic Digital Human Models and Experimental Verification". En ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12455.

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A post-tsunami evacuation simulation using 3D kinematic digital human models (KDHs) and its experimental verification are addressed in the present study. Methods for carrying or assisting (transporting) injured people were experimentally investigated and the results were used for KDH data calibration to increase the accuracy of the simulations. It was found that, on flat ground, both the transit speed and the amount of time spent on intermittent rests were strongly affected by the load on the transporters. During ascent of stairways, the transit speed depended on the type of carry method being used, and decreased in the order saddleback carry, two-person arm carry and slightly injured walking. Several KDH evacuee motion primitives were developed for stairway ascent to a tsunami evacuation tower. The simulation results show that the evacuation time was affected by the number of evacuees and the congestion due to the transportation of injured people. The developed simulation techniques can be effectively utilized in the planning of tsunami tower evacuation and predicting related crowd behavior.

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Seligman, Bruce y Frank Bercha. "ARKTOS New Developments". En SNAME 10th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2012-140.

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The ARKTOS vehicle is an amphibious craft system capable of operation in a wide range of Arctic ice conditions and seastates. It is approved as an evacuation system by various regulators, including the US Coast Guard (USCG), and is currently operational in several marine cold regions as an EER and utility system. Following is a description of recent additional operational and ergonomical tests of the 52 Person USCG Approved ARKTOS Evacuation Craft. This description is followed by a summary of some of the ongoing developments for the system in oil spill control, ice management, and its extension to new applications in forestry and pipeline construction in swampy locations. As part of a reliability investigation of the ARKTOS EER capability, a series of non-Arctic calm condition manoeuvrability and performance drills were carried out to focus on both global performance and operator ergonomic factors. These tests were carried out at a temperate location in the Fraser River Delta and Robert’s Bank, near Vancouver, B.C. Operation of the Craft in deep water with jets only, shallow water using both tracks and jets, and on tidal flats above water using tracks only. The planned utilization of the Craft by ENI Petroleum, Inc. in the Beaufort Sea is described. Next, descriptions of some other current new developments for oil spill cleanup, river and sea ice management, and disaster response applications are given. Conclusions and recommendations for further developments and reliability improvements are given.

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Mak, Lawrence, Andrew Kuczora, Michel B. DuCharme, James Boone, Rob Brown, Brian Farnworth, Kerri-Ann Evely, Fabien A. Basset y Scott MacKinnon. "Assessment of Thermal Protection of Life Rafts in Passenger Vessel Abandonment Situations". En ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57398.

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Inflatable life rafts are currently used on almost all passenger, fishing and commercial vessels, and offshore oil installations. Worldwide, life rafts are the primary evacuation system from fishing vessels with relatively small crews to large Roll on/Roll off passenger vessels with over a thousand passengers and crew. While International Maritime Organization (IMO) standards currently require inflatable life raft components to “provide insulation” or “be sufficiently insulated”, there are no performance criteria for these requirements (IMO, 1996). In a passenger ship abandonment situation in cold water, passengers may be wearing very little personal protective clothing. Therefore, life rafts provide the only significant thermal protection against the cold ocean environment while they await rescue. Manufacturers equip life rafts with an insulated floor to reduce heat loss from direct contact with the cold ocean water. The insulation provided is critically important for life raft occupants who have little protective clothing. The heat loss of unprotected persons is drastically increased if there is a layer of water on the floor as would likely be the case when someone climbs into the life raft from the ocean or if water is splashed into the life raft in heavy weather. Experiments were conducted in mild cold (16°C water temperature and 19°C air temperature) and cold conditions (5°C water temperature and 5°C air temperature) to assess the thermal protection of a 16-person, Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) approved, commercially available life raft. This paper presents results in the mild cold condition only. It has been found that the wave height effect may be ignored as a first approximation to reduce the number of environmental variables because the results demonstrated that wave height effect is less important with leeway. Heat conductance decreases considerably with floor inflation. Heat conductance is about the same with floor inflated 50% and 100%. The CO2 concentration in the 11-person test exceeded 5000 ppm in less than an hour inside the life raft, with closed canopy and no active ventilation. This hostile microclimate inside the life raft suggests that active ventilation at a known rate is required to keep the CO2 level at a safe controlled level when longer duration tests are to be conducted in the future. Wet clothing has a significant effect on occupant heat loss.

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Mak, Lawrence, Andrew Kuczora y Antonio Simo˜es Re´. "An Empirical Method for the Estimation of Towing Resistance of a Life Raft in Various Sea States". En ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29059.

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Current IMO regulations require life rafts to be tow tested only in calm water. In real evacuation situations, life rafts are deployed in the prevailing environmental conditions, with wind and waves. Added wave resistance is small at low wave heights but increases nonlinearly with increased wave height. If life rafts are to be towed in moderate seas (up to 4 m significant wave height), tow force estimates based only on calm water tow resistance become less reliable. Tow patches, towline, towing craft etc. also need to be designed to withstand dynamic wave loading in addition to mean load. Therefore, mean tow force, tow force variation and maximum tow force are important. A full-scale 16-person, commercially available, SOLAS approved life raft was towed in the tank, in upwind, head seas with significant wave height of 0.5 m. The measured tow force showed that it could be treated as a linear system with wave amplitude, by demonstrating that tow force is mainly inertial and follows a Rayleigh distribution. Therefore, extreme-value statistics used for waves can be applied to developing equations for predicting tow force. A method is proposed to predict life raft tow force at different tow speeds and in various sea states, with waves and wind. The method involved using tank experiments to obtain tow force response for one sea state. The information can then be used to predict life raft tow force in wind and waves for different sea states. Three equations are proposed to demonstrate that a simple tank experiment could provide valuable information necessary to empirically estimate the mean tow force, tow force variation and maximum tow force for a specific life raft in different sea states. The equations are developed for upwind, head seas. These equations were extensively validated using tow force measured in the tank. They were partially validated with limited sea trial data, by towing the same 16-person life raft and a 42-person life raft in upwind, head seas with significant wave height of 1.3 m. The equations were able to predict maximum tow forces to within 15% of the measured.

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Panaretou, Ioannis, Stavros Hadjithephanous, Corinne Kassapoglou-Faist, Philippe Dallemange, Sofia Louloudi, Dimitrios Karadimas, Christos Panagiotou, Charalampos Kostopoulos, Konstantinos Michail y Anastasis Kounoudes. "OffshoreMuster: An Integrated Real Time Localisation, Mustering and Evacuation Management System for Offshore Oil & Gas Health and Safety Operations". En Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207661-ms.

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Abstract Oil & Gas offshore platforms are industrial "towns", ranked among the most hazardous working environments. Emergency situations in such environments are unpredictable and characterized by time pressure and rapidly changing conditions. OffshoreMuster brings together the latest technological advancements in real-time personnel tracking and e-mustering, complementing the existing Health and Safety (HSE) procedures, by enabling situation awareness over personnel location and status which is a key factor supporting better decision-making towards zero casualty in emergency situations. The system's underlying technology, developed after years of dedicated research and development efforts, consists of specialised low-power wireless wearable devices, customised gateways and a secure backbone network infrastructure feeding a modular decision support software system with real-time streams of data for processing and visualisation of information relevant to personnel situation assessment. HSE processes have been transformed into systematic procedures, allowing additional computer-aided decision support features, like the real-time observation of the fire-fighting team response status, the concentration of people in specific areas, instant alerting or the last-known position of a missing person. Lightweight ubiquitous devices in the form of a bracelet or embedded in the uniform are assigned to People on Board (PoB) and periodically transmit real-time location and status awareness data. A network of dedicated gateways, which are placed at specific locations on the platform or vessel, connected through the infrastructure's ethernet or wireless network, relay the data to a central decision support system. Specialised localisation algorithms and data analytics tools process the data to estimate the personnel positions and PoB status information, interactively visualising in real-time location awareness, incident escalation and alerting, which can significantly reduce response time and speed up a safe evacuation procedure. Computer-aided decision support combined with ultra-low power autonomous IoT technologies systems play a significant role in controlling, managing, and preventing critical incidents in harsh working environments, contributing into minimisation of accidents occurrence in Oil & Gas environments. The presented underling technology has been validated in maritime environments with more than 500 people taking part in real drills (TRL-8). The technology has been tailored to enhance the safety of personnel working in offshore Oil & Gas assets, currently being under laboratory testing and evaluation while a full-scale industrial deployment is scheduled for the autumn of 2021. The OffshoreMuster hardware and software components, integrated into a unified solution tailored for the offshore Oil & Gas industry, are presented for the first time. The system has been designed and developed with the support of the European Commission, co-funded by the Fast Track to Innovation Program (Grant Agreement Number 878950).

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