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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Pérovskite d’halogénure de plomb"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Pérovskite d’halogénure de plomb"
Baronnier, Justine. "Encapsulation de nanocristaux II-VI dans une matrice semiconductrice de pérovskite hybride d’halogénure de plomb en vue de la création d’un dispositif de contrôle du clignotement". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1297.
Texto completoTo construct a device for controlling the blinking of nanocrystals, it was necessary to create a solid-state active material that can be integrated in such an apparatus. To this end, we have encapsulated cadmium-based quantum dots (QDs) in a crystalline matrix of a hybrid lead-bromide perovskite. This manuscript describes all the steps that have been undertaken to achieve the creation of this new composite. We have developed a synthesis of QDs that are resistant to encapsulation in an ionic matrix by means of an organic-inorganic ligand exchange that allowed us to integrate nanocrystals into the matrix while conserving their luminescence properties. We were thus able to document efficient encapsulation and a coupling between the QDs and the matrix. These two characteristics are favorable for using this composite in a control device which ultimately aims at optically following the luminescence of the BQs and applying an electric field to extract and evacuate the excess charges responsible for the nonemissive state. The successful completion of this step will enable us in the future to study the phenomenon of blinking and, more importantly, to construct a stable on-demand single-photon source
Si, Ahmed Fariza. "Elaboration et caractérisation de matériaux de type pérovskite, à faible teneur en plomb ou dépourvus de plomb". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCK005.
Texto completoMost of ferroelectric materials currently used in the industrial applications are lead-based ceramics. Such compounds are harmful to the environment due to the toxicity and volatility of lead oxide during the preparation process of these materials. Therefore, environmental friendly lead-free ceramics or low-lead content materials with equivalent properties has become one of the main topics as an alternative to lead-based ceramics. In this view, the present work focuses on investigating materials with formulas :Ba1-xPbx(Ti1-yZry)O3 (2.5% ≤ x ≤ 10%) and Ba1-xEr2x/3(Ti1-yZry)O3.Solid state route was used for materials elaboration. The experimental techniques used are thermogravimetric analysis, dilatometry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled to an EDX microanalysis system and impedance spectrometry. The use of these various processes allowed us to optimize the synthesis conditions and to obtain dense ceramics with density superior to 90%. In addition, the structural parameters were refined by the Rietveld method and then discussed. Furthermore, these ceramics exhibited normal and/or relaxor ferroelectric properties then some of them have very interesting dielectric characteristics in the vicinity of room temperature. Such lead-free ceramics or low-lead content materials reduce significantly the environmental pollution. Due to their good dielectric performances, they could be potential candidates for replacing lead-based materials currently used in various electronic equipments
Si, Ahmed Fariza. "Elaboration et caractérisation de matériaux de type pérovskite, à faible teneur en plomb ou dépourvus de plomb". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCK005.
Texto completoMost of ferroelectric materials currently used in the industrial applications are lead-based ceramics. Such compounds are harmful to the environment due to the toxicity and volatility of lead oxide during the preparation process of these materials. Therefore, environmental friendly lead-free ceramics or low-lead content materials with equivalent properties has become one of the main topics as an alternative to lead-based ceramics. In this view, the present work focuses on investigating materials with formulas :Ba1-xPbx(Ti1-yZry)O3 (2.5% ≤ x ≤ 10%) and Ba1-xEr2x/3(Ti1-yZry)O3.Solid state route was used for materials elaboration. The experimental techniques used are thermogravimetric analysis, dilatometry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled to an EDX microanalysis system and impedance spectrometry. The use of these various processes allowed us to optimize the synthesis conditions and to obtain dense ceramics with density superior to 90%. In addition, the structural parameters were refined by the Rietveld method and then discussed. Furthermore, these ceramics exhibited normal and/or relaxor ferroelectric properties then some of them have very interesting dielectric characteristics in the vicinity of room temperature. Such lead-free ceramics or low-lead content materials reduce significantly the environmental pollution. Due to their good dielectric performances, they could be potential candidates for replacing lead-based materials currently used in various electronic equipments
Jean, Florian. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces et d'objets nanométriques de pérovskite sans plomb Na0,5Bi0,5TiO3". Limoges, 2013. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/db1bf760-c4fb-4369-87a9-39d5b07e7dbb/blobholder:0/2013LIMO4053.pdf.
Texto completoThe present work is devoted to the synthesis and the characterization of the lead-free Na0. 5Bi0. 5TiO3 (NBT) material by different techniques in the form of thin films and nano-objects supported or not. In a first step, NBT thin films were elaborated by pulsed laser deposition on different single crystal oxide substrates in order to reach the epitaxial growth. The effect of the insertion of a CeO2 buffer layer on the growth of the films was studied. The electrical properties (ferroelectric, dielectric, tunability in the microwave regime) were measured on epitaxial NBT thin films doped or not and deposited on LaAlO3 bare substrate and SrTiO3 substrate coated with an oxide electrode of LaNiO3. In a second step, NBT nano-objects were elaborated by different chemical routes. The sol-gel, hydrothermal and hybrid synthesis allowed the formation of the perovskite phase of NBT. For each route, different parameters influencing the structure or the form of the nano-objects were studied. A physical route, the laser ablation in a liquid media, has also been explored. Finally, NBT nano-objects were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition and by chemical solution deposition on single crystal substrates coated or not with a platinum electrode. The use of bare vicinal c-sapphire substrates combined with the physical route allows the self-organization of the objects at the surface of the substrate. The local electrical properties were measured by PFM for isolated grains, highlighting their polar nature
El, Romh Mohamad Ali. "Oxydes sans plomb pour la détection de gaz : OSPÉGAZ". Thesis, Littoral, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DUNK0448/document.
Texto completoToday gas detection, which now mainly uses optical sensors, electrochemical sensors based on lead, and catalytic sensors, is a very promising market (estimated at 3 billion euros) with a strong growth (10% per year). The need for new instrumentation systems dedicated to the monitoring of the air quality and to the detection of hazardous substances, requires the study and development of new sensors compatible with the European environmental standards : Restriction of the use of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) ; Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals (REACh). The OSPÉGAZ project aims to develop innovative integrated instrumentations systems for the characterization of different environmental exposures linked to the actions recommended by the PNSE2 for proven health impacts. Our research project aims to develop innovating and cost-effective gas sensors containing lead-free oxides and dedicated to the detection of flammable gases and protection against toxic risks. The works of the thesis presented in this manuscript is a part of this project. The objectives were, firstly, to develop a new process for ink preparation in UDSMM laboratory, for the elaboration, electrical and physicochemical characterizations, of thick porous film, and secondly to make gas sensors based on these films. We chose to use the BaTiO3 (well-known material in literature) material as a first material in order to develop the process of thick film elaboration. After that, we chose the BaSrTiFeO₃ as gas-sensitive material, and we studied two compositions of Ba₁₋ ₓ Sr ₓ Ti₁₋yFeyO₃ with two different concentrations or iron : Ba₀.₈₅Sr₀.₁₅Ti₀.₉Fe₀.₁O₃ (BSTF 10%) and Ba₀.₈₅Sr₀.₁₅Ti₀.₉₈Fe₀.₀₂O₃ (BSTF 2%). Electrical characterizations were made in a wide range of frequency (100 HZ to 1 MHz) and temperature (25° C to 500° C). The dielectric properties as a function of temperature and frequency were studied using two different structures of capacitance : metal-insulator-metal (MIM) and interdigital electrodes (CID). Finally we have developed semi-conductor gas sensors based on BT, BST and BSTF (10% ; 2%) thick films. All our sensors were tested under different gases such as carbon monoxide CO (200ppm), hydrogen sulphide H₂S (50ppm) and sulfur dioxide SO₂ (20ppm), at various temperature, in the laboratory of SIMTRONICS SAS. We have measured the greatest relative sensitivity under H₂S (50ppm) gas ; 55.4% and 48% respectively for BSTF (10%) and BSTF (2%), at 450°C. Good relative sensitivity and very interesting dynamic responsesof BSTF show that the material has a great potential for the detection of gas. The optimization of the sensor geometry, iron rate and operating temperature should allow us to improve the performance of our demonstrators
QUIGNON, Sébastien. "Synthèse et caractérisations de couches minces de matériaux piézoélectriques sans plomb". Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985252.
Texto completoLelievre, Jerome. "Nouveaux matériaux sans plomb à base de bismuth : vers des composés de type (A,A') (B)O₃ et (A,A') (B,B') O₃". Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0102/document.
Texto completoThe present work focused on the research of new lead-free perovskite materials with the formula (A⁺,Bi³⁺)BO₃ and(A⁺,Bi³+)(B,B’)O₃ with A⁺ = {Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Rb⁺}. The aim of this study is to find potential candidates to replace the lead-based perovskite used in the electronic devices nowadays. The possibility to substitute the lead ion par a couple (A⁺,Bi³⁺) has been examined for (i) the simple perovskites PbTiO₃ and PbZrO₃ and (ii) the complex perovskites Pb(Mg⅟₃Nb⅔)O₃ and Pb(Zn⅟₃Nb⅔)O₃.The synthesis of the composition (Li⅟₂Bi⅟₂)TiO₃ (LBT) has led to a pyrochlore Bi₂Ti₂O₇-like compound. The other compositions have conducted to the perovskites compounds (Na⅟₂Bi⅟₂)ZrO₃ (NBZ), (K⅟₂Bi⅟₂)ZrO₃ (KBZ), (Na⅟₂Bi⅟₂)(Mg⅓Nb⅔)O₃ (NBMN),(K⅟₂Bi⅟₂)(Mg⅟₃Nb⅔)O₃ (KBMN) and (K⅟₂Bi⅟₂)(Zn⅟₃Nb⅔)O₃ (KBZN). A lot of work has been carried out for the syntheses, using different precursor or process, in order to suppress the secondary phases which are often obtained with these perovskites. The crystalline structures have been studied by neutron diffraction, using the Rietveld method. These have been determined for the LBT, NBZ, KBZ and KBMN compounds. The electrical properties of these materials have also been studied. None of them is ferroelectric. KBZ is électrostrictif. Finally, NBZ, NBMN and KBMN present some interesting relaxor properties
Quignon, Sébastien. "Synthèse et caractérisations de couches minces de matériaux piézoélectriques sans plomb". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VALE0038/document.
Texto completoIndustrial interest, political pressure: two major reasons for the synthesis of unleaded piezoelectric thin layers with high performances have become an important research topic. The objective of this work is the synthesis and characterization of a promising material: NBT. The development of NBT thin films by rf-magnetron sputtering was optimized. The study shows that annealing at 675°C under oxygen allows better crystallization of NBT. Electrical characterizations showed good dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. Polarization and displacement values obtained by applying an electric field are remarkable. However, values of remnant polarization are low. The temperature study was used to determine phase transitions and highlighted the relaxor character of NBT. The mixture of BT with the NBT in a solid solution should improve the electrical performances. Leakage currents caused the opposite effect, that is to say, a degradation of the properties of our thin films
Dubrail, Julien. "Incorporation du Plomb dans des matrices d'intérêt géophysique et environnemental". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00581558.
Texto completoLepoittevin, Christophe. "Nouvelles ferrites de strontium présentant des structures complexes : synthèse et caractérisation structurale". Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN2063.
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