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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Peinture à l'huile – Propriétés physico-chimiques"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Peinture à l'huile – Propriétés physico-chimiques"
Kpoviessi, Dossou Sika Salomé, Georges C. Accrombessi, Cosme Kossouoh, Mohamed M. Soumanou y Mansourou Moudachirou. "Propriétés physico-chimiques et composition de l'huile non conventionnelle de pourghère (Jatropha curcas) de différentes régions du Bénin". Comptes Rendus Chimie 7, n.º 10-11 (octubre de 2004): 1007–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2003.10.021.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Peinture à l'huile – Propriétés physico-chimiques"
Laporte, Lucie. "Propriétés des huiles utilisées en peinture : rôle des siccatifs au plomb". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUS375.pdf.
Texto completoSince the 15th century, artistic painters have prepared paint mixtures by adding oil binders to various pigments. Oils commonly used in historical paints, such as linseed oil, are called drying oils: they exhibit natural hardening properties after a long period of exposure to air. To accelerate the drying process, numerous historical recipes mention the use of inorganic drying compounds (or “driers”). Among them, lead (II) oxide PbO was the most frequently used. The driers were ground, added to the oil and the mixture was heated, possibly with water. Such treatments modify the chemical composition of the systems: the triglycerides of the oil are partially saponified and lead soaps are formed. Simultaneously, the physicochemical properties of the oils (consistency, color) change. This work aims to detail the changes induced by the pre-treatment of oils and to understand their origin. To do so, the historical recipes were first translated into a reproducible formulation protocol. In a second step, the characterization of the obtained treated oils was performed at the macroscopic, mesoscopic and molecular scales. The impact of the initial amount of PbO (from 0 to 50 mol%) and of the addition of water were studied. On a macroscopic scale, the rheological properties are significantly modified: oils cooked with 0 to 31% PbO behaved like Newtonian fluids. With 50% PbO, metal soaps induced important modifications of the rheological properties, leading to viscoelastic systems with shear-thinning behavior. At the supramolecular scale, SAXS and cryo-TEM analyses revealed the presence of lamellar domains dispersed in an unorganized matrix. The lead soap content has an impact on the extent and on the characteristic distance of the lamellar domains. To understand the impact of shear on the lamellar structuring identified at rest, the samples were then analyzed by rheo-SAXS on a synchrotron beamline. Continuous shear led to a preferential parallel orientation of the lamellae. A progressive delamination was also observed, increasingly marked for the most saponified samples. Surprisingly, an oscillatory shear on the viscoelastic sample induced the formation of unilamellar cylinders aligned in the shear plane, together with a decrease in the elasticity of the sample. In parallel, the influence of the addition of water during heating was studied: a progressive demixing of the samples was observed, and the two phases were analyzed. The fine characterization of the chemical composition of the saponified oils proved to be arduous but highlighted the great diversity of species present in the treated oils (soaps, partially saponified triglycerides, isomerized and cyclized aliphatic chains, etc.), due to the numerous reaction mechanisms involved during heating. The multi-scale approach applied to saponified oils sheds new light on this type of material: the link between supramolecular structuring and rheological behavior has been clearly established. The reconstitution of historical recipes of oils heated with PbO and the use of complementary analytical techniques allow us to better understand the pictorial practices in use from the 15th century. In order to further refine our knowledge of these systems, the study of saponified oils during drying would require further research. Observations performed on the liquid systems could thus be correlated with the alterations that occur on the works of art in the long term
Rosé, Gauthier. "Approche multimodale par spectrométrie de masse pour la caractérisation des processus de vieillissement de matériaux organiques et polymères dans des œuvres patrimoniales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUS423.pdf.
Texto completoA detailed analysis of cultural heritage work is crucial for their preservation and protection. This task requires a wide range of skills, especially in the case of artworks, where knowledge of their historical context and chemical composition is essential. The restoration or conservation of old paintings presents significant challenges due to the chemical complexity of the materials involved, the transformations they may have undergone over time, and the limited availability of samples. In her Ph.D. thesis (Sorbonne University, 2022), C. Bouvier demonstrated that imaging through ToF-SIMS (Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) is a relevant method for studying aging processes in old paintings. Cross-sections of paint analysed at very high spatial resolution revealed valuable information on the underlying chemical processes. However, the vast number of compounds present in these samples made mass spectra interpretation challenging, especially in understanding the degradation processes of drying oils used as binders in paintings. This thesis aimed to develop a combined analytical approach to overcome these limitations and enable a more in-depth identification of paint cross-sections, focusing specifically on the characterisation of organic polymer compounds present in the natural resins and drying oils of the paintings. The chosen experimental strategy first involved analysing resin references by Py-GC×GC-MS (Pyrolysis-comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) to identify markers for diterpenic and triterpenic resins. Previously undetected compounds were revealed and subsequently used to differentiate resins in ToF-SIMS spectra. A GC-MS method was then developed to quantify various drying oils. These results validated ToF-SIMS measurements from the literature based on fatty acid intensity ratios, demonstrating the approach's reliability in characterising the aging processes in paintings. Additionally, this approach enabled the analysis of chemical species in drying agents as a function of the depth of the paint layer, the initial content of the drying agent, and the aging time. The obtained results facilitated the ToF-SIMS analysis of complex samples. A varnish model (resin-oil mixture) was prepared and analysed at different stages of light-induced degradation in a controlled environment, alongside historical samples from a Renaissance painting and a pastel. The objective was to determine the causes of degradation and the chemical composition of these samples. Complementary spectroscopic analyses, including Optical PhotoThermal InfraRed spectroscopy (O-PTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), were employed to support these results. Different degradation pathways were eventually established for the Italian Renaissance painting, and experimental data confirmed certain processes described in pastel manufacturing treatises by determining the composition of a sample. In conclusion, the combination of Py-GC×GC-MS and ToF-SIMS imaging was employed for the first time in this thesis. The results demonstrated the relevance of this multimodal approach for a comprehensive understanding of the aging processes in drying oils. This work significantly enriched the existing database for identifying organic constituents in old paintings
Viguerie, Laurence de. "Propriétés physico-chimiques et caractérisation des matériaux du sfumato". Paris 6, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00544509.
Texto completoDe, Viguerie Laurence. "Propriétés physico-chimiques et caractérisation des matériaux du ‘sfumato'". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00544509.
Texto completoDurand, Morgan. "Propriétés physico-chimiques, fonctionnelles et applicatives des éthers courts d’isosorbide". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10196.
Texto completoIn the last past years, an increasing awareness of the hazards linked to the use of solvents has strengthened the regulation and forced to optimize their use. This evolution entailed an increasing interest for bio-solvents, i.e. solvents from renewable materials and with good health and environmental properties. In this context, isosorbide, a diol obtained by the double deshydratation of sorbitol, might be valuable synthon for the design of a wide range of molecules and polymers. The short isosorbide diethers (_ 5 carbones per alkyl chain), as they are biosourced and liquid at ambient temperature, are potentialy promising solvents, that is why they have been studied. The monomethyl isosorbides (-endo et -exo forms) have also been evaluated, as they are the main impurities of the commercial dimethyl isosorbide (DMI), the most promising compound of this solvents family. The physicochemical, functional and applicative properties that are necessary to the characterization and the use of new solvents have been assessed : the thermo-physical properties (vapor pressure, vaporization enthalpy), the optical and electrical properties (refractive index, dielectric constant, dipole moment), the functional properties (viscosity, partition coefficient, Kamlet et Taft solvatochromic parameters) have been measured. The environmental, health and safety profile of DMI has been determined and compared to common solvents, allowing the evaluation of its "greenness". As DMI is fully miscible with water, its physicochemical properties in aqueous solutions have been studied as well, and have enlightened a self-aggregation of DMI within a large concentration range.A solvent design process has then been developped in order to estimate the potential use of these new solvents. A novel approach for the classification of solvents has been proposed, based solely on the solvent molecular structure and relying on the "COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Real Solvents" (COSMO-RS) in which solvents are considered in their liquid state. This approach has allowed the classification of 152 solvents into 10 classes without requiring the knowledge of any experimental data. The approach has been applied to DMI and allowed to find some potential applications that have been evaluated, among which the use of DMI as fluxing agent for bitumen composition, coalescing agent for water-borne paints, solvent for paint strippers, solvent for ink removal, or coupling agent for the formulation of liquid detergents
Durand, Morgan. "Propriétés physico-chimiques, fonctionnelles et applicatives des éthers courts d’isosorbide". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10196/document.
Texto completoIn the last past years, an increasing awareness of the hazards linked to the use of solvents has strengthened the regulation and forced to optimize their use. This evolution entailed an increasing interest for bio-solvents, i.e. solvents from renewable materials and with good health and environmental properties. In this context, isosorbide, a diol obtained by the double deshydratation of sorbitol, might be valuable synthon for the design of a wide range of molecules and polymers. The short isosorbide diethers (_ 5 carbones per alkyl chain), as they are biosourced and liquid at ambient temperature, are potentialy promising solvents, that is why they have been studied. The monomethyl isosorbides (-endo et -exo forms) have also been evaluated, as they are the main impurities of the commercial dimethyl isosorbide (DMI), the most promising compound of this solvents family. The physicochemical, functional and applicative properties that are necessary to the characterization and the use of new solvents have been assessed : the thermo-physical properties (vapor pressure, vaporization enthalpy), the optical and electrical properties (refractive index, dielectric constant, dipole moment), the functional properties (viscosity, partition coefficient, Kamlet et Taft solvatochromic parameters) have been measured. The environmental, health and safety profile of DMI has been determined and compared to common solvents, allowing the evaluation of its "greenness". As DMI is fully miscible with water, its physicochemical properties in aqueous solutions have been studied as well, and have enlightened a self-aggregation of DMI within a large concentration range.A solvent design process has then been developped in order to estimate the potential use of these new solvents. A novel approach for the classification of solvents has been proposed, based solely on the solvent molecular structure and relying on the "COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Real Solvents" (COSMO-RS) in which solvents are considered in their liquid state. This approach has allowed the classification of 152 solvents into 10 classes without requiring the knowledge of any experimental data. The approach has been applied to DMI and allowed to find some potential applications that have been evaluated, among which the use of DMI as fluxing agent for bitumen composition, coalescing agent for water-borne paints, solvent for paint strippers, solvent for ink removal, or coupling agent for the formulation of liquid detergents
Salvant, Johanna. "Caractérisation des propriétés physico-chimiques des matériaux de peinture employés par Van Gogh : les peintures blanches". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00834371.
Texto completoMitalane-Goulhiane, Jalila. "Les biofilms bactériens : influence des propriétés physico-chimiques de surface sur l'adhésion et détection d'un biopolymère chez Pseudomonas aeruginosa". Lorient, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LORIS080.
Texto completoBiofilms can be defined as communities of micro organisms attached to a surface and embedded in a protective matrix. Bacterial biofilms are implicated in a significant amount of human infections, fouling, product contamination …. A comprehension of the process of biofilm formation will make it possible to prevent its formation on different surfaces or at least a better control of it. This thesis is divided into two different subjects in connection with biofilm formation. The first goal of this research project was carried out within the framework of the development of new antifouling techniques in seawater. Our work consisted in seeking the parameters influencing the first stages of formation of the biofilm i. E. The adhesion of the bacteria. Experiences were carried out on adherent bacteria on a surface immersed in sea water. We determined three of their surface physico-chemical characters which could be implied in their adhesion. The hydrophobicity of surface, the electrostatic charge and the acid-base character. Although all the bacteria adhered to a hydrophilic surface, they presented at the same time the hydrophilic and hydrophobic character with a preponderance of the hydrophilic character. They all presented an electronegative net charge of the surface at pH of seawater. The majority presented an electron-donating character; some could not generate Lewis acid-base interactions with the support. Consequently, according to these results it seemed very difficult to us to explain the adhesion of the bacteria by the combination of these various physico-chemical properties. Lastly, the development of new antifouling paints should take into account in addition to these surface properties other cellular properties which the bacterium uses for its adhesion on an immersed surface in sea water. The second objective of this thesis is to seek the cellular modifications taking place during their transition from planctonic organisms to surface-attached community. The model bacterium of this research is the wild type PAO1 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Analysis were made using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry on intact bacteria. The result obtained consists in the discovery of new a biopolymer on the surface of this bacterium having a range of mass ranging between 2000 and 8000 g/mol and whose monomer is characterized by a molecular mass of 128. The various tests applied to this biopolymer have leads to a certain number of properties which characterize it. The research of the role of this biopolymer in the formation of the biofilm informed us on its participation in adhesion of the bacteria which synthesize it
Chagnon, Lucie. "Formulation et caractérisation de revêtements polyuréthane hydrodiluables présentant des propriétés d'autoréparation". Thesis, Mulhouse, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MULH8495.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the understanding of physical chemistry mecanisms who give to a material its abrasion / scratch resistance properties, surface protection and porosity of aqueous polymer formulations deposited in thin films for ‘industrial painting" applications. In a first step, all the physical and chemical properties of two aqueous polymer formulations containing polyhydroxy acrylic industrial resins were determined. The second step was, meanwhile, focused on the study of the impact of changes in the three-dimensional network structure on the properties of resistance to scratching and self-repairing films, particularly by thermal activation