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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Peer review of research grant proposals"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 31 de julio de 2024

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1

Lindquist, RD, MF Tracy, and D. Treat-Jacobson. "Peer review of nursing research proposals." American Journal of Critical Care 4, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1995.4.1.59.

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The grant review process that operationalizes peer review for the critique, scoring, approval, and selection of research grants for funding may intimidate a novice reviewer. This article describes the peer review panel and process of grant review, specifies the role and responsibilities of the reviewer in the review session, and presents considerations for the evaluation of proposals and the preparation of a written critique. A sample critique is provided.

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Marchant, Mary A. "The Keys to Preparing Successful Research Grant Proposals." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 33, no. 3 (December 2001): 605–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800021040.

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AbstractThis article seeks to demystify the competitive grant recommendation process of scientific peer review panels. The National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program (NRICGP) administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Cooperative State Research, Extension, and Education Service (USDA-CSREES) serves as the focus of this article. This article provides a brief background on the NRICGP and discusses the application process, the scientific peer review process, guidelines for grant writing, and ways to interpret reviewer comments if a proposal is not funded. The essentials of go

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Conix, Stijn, Andreas De Block, and Krist Vaesen. "Grant writing and grant peer review as questionable research practices." F1000Research 10 (November 8, 2021): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73893.1.

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A large part of governmental research funding is currently distributed through the peer review of project proposals. In this paper, we argue that such funding systems incentivize and even force researchers to violate five moral values, each of which is central to commonly used scientific codes of conduct. Our argument complements existing epistemic arguments against peer-review project funding systems and, accordingly, strengthens the mounting calls for reform of these systems.

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Conix, Stijn, Andreas De Block, and Krist Vaesen. "Grant writing and grant peer review as questionable research practices." F1000Research 10 (December 24, 2021): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.73893.2.

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A large part of governmental research funding is currently distributed through the peer review of project proposals. In this paper, we argue that such funding systems incentivize and even force researchers to violate five moral values, each of which is central to commonly used scientific codes of conduct. Our argument complements existing epistemic arguments against peer-review project funding systems and, accordingly, strengthens the mounting calls for reform of these systems.

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Botham, Crystal M., Shay Brawn, Latishya Steele, Cisco B. Barrón, Sofie R. Kleppner, and Daniel Herschlag. "Biosciences Proposal Bootcamp: Structured peer and faculty feedback improves trainees’ proposals and grantsmanship self-efficacy." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 28, 2020): e0243973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243973.

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Grant writing is an essential skill to develop for academic and other career success but providing individual feedback to large numbers of trainees is challenging. In 2014, we launched the Stanford Biosciences Grant Writing Academy to support graduate students and postdocs in writing research proposals. Its core program is a multi-week Proposal Bootcamp designed to increase the feedback writers receive as they develop and refine their proposals. The Proposal Bootcamp consisted of two-hour weekly meetings that included mini lectures and peer review. Bootcamp participants also attended faculty r

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Gallo, Stephen A., and Karen B. Schmaling. "Peer review: Risk and risk tolerance." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 26, 2022): e0273813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273813.

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Peer review, commonly used in grant funding decisions, relies on scientists’ ability to evaluate research proposals’ quality. Such judgments are sometimes beyond reviewers’ discriminatory power and could lead to a reliance on subjective biases, including preferences for lower risk, incremental projects. However, peer reviewers’ risk tolerance has not been well studied. We conducted a cross-sectional experiment of peer reviewers’ evaluations of mock primary reviewers’ comments in which the level and sources of risks and weaknesses were manipulated. Here we show that proposal risks more strongly

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Mutz, Rüdiger, Lutz Bornmann, and Hans-Dieter Daniel. "Does Gender Matter in Grant Peer Review?" Zeitschrift für Psychologie 220, no. 2 (January 2012): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000103.

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One of the most frequently voiced criticisms of the peer review process is gender bias. In this study we evaluated the grant peer review process (external reviewers’ ratings, and board of trustees’ final decision: approval or no approval for funding) at the Austrian Science Fund with respect to gender. The data consisted of 8,496 research proposals (census) across all disciplines from 1999 to 2009, which were rated on a scale from 1 to 100 (poor to excellent) by 18,357 external reviewers in 23,977 reviews. In line with the current state of research, we found that the final decision was not ass

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Frampton, Geoff, Jonathan Shepherd, Karen Pickett, and Jeremy Wyatt. "PP021 Peer Review Innovations For Grant Applications: Efficient And Effective?" International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 78–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317002124.

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INTRODUCTION:Peer review of grant applications is employed routinely by health research funding bodies to determine which research proposals should be funded. Peer review faces a number of criticisms, however, especially that it is time consuming, financially expensive, and may not select the best proposals. Various modifications to peer review have been examined in research studies but these have not been systematically reviewed to guide Health Technology Assessment (HTA) funding agencies.METHODS:We developed a systematic map based on a logic model to summarize the characteristics of empirica

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Holland, Christy K. "How to write a peer-polished proposal in 15 weeks." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (March 1, 2024): A104—A105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0026964.

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Creating a meticulously crafted proposal requires a strategic approach and systematic planning. An overview of a semester-long graduate course on how to write successful NIH grant applications will be provided. Particular emphasis is given to developing proposals for the Ruth L. Kirschstein Predoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (https://researchtraining.nih.gov/programs/fellowships/F31) or to disease-based foundations. The writing process involves drafting components in several key phases. The initial four weeks focus on understanding the proposal requirements, identifying the

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Guthrie, Susan, Daniela Rodriguez Rincon, Gordon McInroy, Becky Ioppolo, and Salil Gunashekar. "Measuring bias, burden and conservatism in research funding processes." F1000Research 8 (June 12, 2019): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.19156.1.

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Background: Grant funding allocation is a complex process that in most cases relies on peer review. A recent study identified a number of challenges associated with the use of peer review in the evaluation of grant proposals. Three important issues identified were bias, burden, and conservatism, and the work concluded that further experimentation and measurement is needed to assess the performance of funding processes. Methods: We have conducted a review of international practice in the evaluation and improvement of grant funding processes in relation to bias, burden and conservatism, based on

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Roumbanis, Lambros. "The oracles of science: On grant peer review and competitive funding." Social Science Information 60, no. 3 (July 5, 2021): 356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/05390184211019241.

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From a purely epistemological point of view, evaluating and predicting the future success of new research projects is often considered very difficult. Is it possible to forecast important findings and breakthrough in science, and if not, then what is the point trying to do it anyway? Still, that is what funding agencies all over the world expect their reviewers to do, but a number of previous studies has shown that this form of evaluation of innovation, promise and future impact are a fundamentally uncertain and arbitrary practice. This is the context that I will discuss in the present essay,

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Düzgüneş, Nejat. "‘Science by consensus’ impedes scientific creativity and progress: An alternative to funding biomedical research." F1000Research 11 (August 19, 2022): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.124082.1.

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The very low success rates of grant applications to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) are highly detrimental to the progress of science and the careers of scientists. The peer review process that evaluates proposals has been claimed arbitrarily to be the best there is. This consensus system, however, has never been evaluated scientifically against an alternative. Here we delineate the 15 major problems with the peer review process, and challenge the Science Advisor to the President, and the leadership of NIH, NSF, and the U.S. Academy of Sciences

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Fogelholm, Mikael, Saara Leppinen, Anssi Auvinen, Jani Raitanen, Anu Nuutinen, and Kalervo Väänänen. "Panel discussion does not improve reliability of peer review for medical research grant proposals." Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 65, no. 1 (January 2012): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.05.001.

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Cerroni, Andrea. "Socio-cognitive perverse effects in peer review. Reflections and proposals." Journal of Science Communication 02, no. 03 (September 21, 2003): F05. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.02030905.

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Peer review is the evaluation method that has characterized the scientific growth of the last four centuries, the first four of what is called modern science, indeed. It is matter of scientific communication inside scientific community, a subject too poorly studied in comparison with its critical importance for a scientific study of science (science of science). Peer review has been used for scientific paper evaluation before publication (editorial peer review) and for research proposal evaluation before financial support (grants peer review). Both cases present similar pros and cons, so I wil

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Düzgüneş, Nejat. "‘Science by consensus’ impedes scientific creativity and progress: A simple alternative to funding biomedical research." F1000Research 11 (December 4, 2023): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.124082.2.

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The very low success rates of grant applications to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) are highly detrimental to the progress of science and the careers of scientists. The peer review process that evaluates proposals has been claimed arbitrarily to be the best there is. This consensus system, however, has never been evaluated scientifically against an alternative. Here we delineate the 15 major problems with the peer review process. We challenge the Science Advisor to the President, and the leadership of NIH, NSF, the U.S. National Academy of Scie

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Düzgüneş, Nejat. "‘Science by consensus’ impedes scientific creativity and progress: A simple alternative to funding biomedical research." F1000Research 11 (February 21, 2024): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.124082.3.

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The very low success rates of grant applications to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) are highly detrimental to the progress of science and the careers of scientists. The peer review process that evaluates proposals has been claimed arbitrarily to be the best there is. This consensus system, however, has never been evaluated scientifically against an alternative. Here we delineate the 15 major problems with the peer review process. We challenge the Science Advisor to the President, and the leadership of NIH, NSF, the U.S. National Academy of Scie

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Dumanis, Sonya B., Lauren Ullrich, Patricia M. Washington, and Patrick A. Forcelli. "It's Money! Real-World Grant Experience through a Student-Run, Peer-Reviewed Program." CBE—Life Sciences Education 12, no. 3 (September 2013): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.12-05-0058.

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Grantsmanship is an integral component of surviving and thriving in academic science, especially in the current funding climate. Therefore, any additional opportunities to write, read, and review grants during graduate school may have lasting benefits on one's career. We present here our experience with a small, student-run grant program at Georgetown University Medical Center. Founded in 2010, this program has several goals: 1) to give graduate students an opportunity to conduct small, independent research projects; 2) to encourage graduate students to write grants early and often; and 3) to

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Severin, Anna, Joao Martins, Rachel Heyard, François Delavy, Anne Jorstad, and Matthias Egger. "Gender and other potential biases in peer review: cross-sectional analysis of 38 250 external peer review reports." BMJ Open 10, no. 8 (August 2020): e035058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035058.

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ObjectivesTo examine whether the gender of applicants and peer reviewers and other factors influence peer review of grant proposals submitted to a national funding agency.SettingSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF).DesignCross-sectional analysis of peer review reports submitted from 2009 to 2016 using linear mixed effects regression models adjusted for research topic, applicant’s age, nationality, affiliation and calendar period.ParticipantsExternal peer reviewers.Primary outcome measureOverall score on a scale from 1 (worst) to 6 (best).ResultsAnalyses included 38 250 reports on 12 294 gr

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Cicchetti, Domenic V. "The reliability of peer review for manuscript and grant submissions: A cross-disciplinary investigation." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14, no. 1 (March 1991): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00065675.

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AbstractThe reliability of peer review of scientific documents and the evaluative criteria scientists use to judge the work of their peers are critically reexamined with special attention to the consistently low levels of reliability that have been reported. Referees of grant proposals agree much more about what is unworthy of support than about what does have scientific value. In the case of manuscript submissions this seems to depend on whether a discipline (or subfield) is general and diffuse (e.g., cross-disciplinary physics, general fields of medicine, cultural anthropology, social psycho

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Graham, Chris L. B., Thomas E. Landrain, Amber Vjestica, Camille Masselot, Elliot Lawton, Leo Blondel, Luca Haenal, Bastian Greshake Tzovaras, and Marc Santolini. "Community review: a robust and scalable selection system for resource allocation within open science and innovation communities." F1000Research 11 (April 18, 2023): 1440. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.125886.2.

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Resource allocation is essential to the selection and implementation of innovative projects in science and technology. With large stakes involved in concentrating large fundings over a few promising projects, current “winner-take-all” models for grant applications are time-intensive endeavours that mobilise significant researcher time in writing extensive project proposals, and rely on the availability of a few time-saturated volunteer experts. Such processes usually carry over several months, resulting in high effective costs compared to expected benefits. Faced with the need for a rapid resp

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F. Recher, Harry. "Editorial Policy on Referees." Pacific Conservation Biology 5, no. 3 (1999): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc990162.

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There is more to being a scientist than completing a research project and communicating the results to one's peers and the general public. Scientists have a wide range of responsibilities both within the scientific community and within society as a whole. I have frequently urged my colleagues to participate in the political processes of environmental management and conservation. It is equally necessary for scientists to contribute to the mechanics of keeping the scientific community functional. Individuals need to take responsibility for organizing scientific meetings, administering scientific

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Haworth, Kevin J., Carl J. Fichtenbaum, Eric P. Smith, Nives Zimmerman, and Margaret V. Powers-Fletcher. "Value of multidisciplinary peer mentoring." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (March 1, 2023): A192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0018624.

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Biomedical acoustics is a multidisciplinary field. As such, both the scientific field and its members have the potential to benefit from the interactions and cross-fertilization of different subfields. Peer mentoring groups (PMGs) can promote multidisciplinary interaction. A PMG involves the intentional, structured, and consistent interaction of individuals at similar career stages. The horizontal organization of a PMG can promote a safe and supportive environment, enabling greater knowledge sharing. PMG knowledge sharing is bidirectional, providing benefits to all participants and an opportun

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McDaniel, Andrew, Douglas R. Fullen, Kathleen R. Cho, David R. Lucas, Thomas J. Giordano, Joel Greenson, Andrew P. Lieberman, Lakshmi P. Kunju, Jeffrey L. Myers, and Michael H. Roh. "Funding Anatomic Pathology Research: A Retrospective Analysis of an Intramural Funding Mechanism." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 137, no. 9 (September 1, 2013): 1270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2012-0546-oa.

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Context.—In 2006, the department of pathology at our institution established an intramural research funding mechanism to support anatomic pathology research projects for faculty and trainee development. A review committee consisting of faculty members with diverse academic interests evaluated applications; proposals were eligible for a maximum award amount of $30 000 per project with a maximum program cost of $150 000 annually. Objective.—To report our experience based on a retrospective review of the research proposals submitted to the committee since the inception of the Anatomic Pathology R

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Gurung, Jeevan Kumar. "Obtrusive Plagiarism and Data Falsification in Biological Sciences: Trends and Remedies." Damak Campus Journal 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2023): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dcj.v11i1.63481.

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Scientific misconduct includes plagiarism, falsification and fabrication. The intentional presentation of other’s work as own work without any authority is referred as plagiarism. Plagiarism also contains other’s images, structure and designed elements. It affects both published and unpublished materials obtained through evaluation of dissertations, peer review process or grant proposals. Fabrication is another research misconduct in which some fake activities are committed such as making up data, results and reporting them. If there is no any experimentation, it is also called fabrication. Th

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Poole, Millicent E. "Reviewing for Research Excellence: Expectations, Procedures and Outcomes." Australian Journal of Education 37, no. 3 (November 1993): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419303700301.

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This paper describes the process by which the Humanities and Social Sciences Panel of the Australian Research Council (ARC) gives effect to the principle of funding ‘research excellence’. A member of this Panel for four years, the author provides an account of the ARC Research Allocation Policy, what criteria assessors are asked to use in judging each research grant application, and the quality controls operating within the system. Peer review is identified as the central element in assessing the excellence of the research proposal, the possibility of a significant conceptual advance and the q

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Torres-Cintrón, Mariela, Margarita Irizarry-Ramírez, and Harold Saavedra. "98729 Professional Development Core of the Hispanic Alliance for Clinical and Translational Research: a scientific productivity catalyst for underrepresented minorities (URM) in Clinical and Translational Research (CTR)." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5, s1 (March 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.570.

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ABSTRACT IMPACT: The Hispanic Alliance for Clinical and Translational Research Professional Development Core (PDC) will contribute to the improvement of the health of an increasing US Hispanic population, by supporting and training a new cadre of Hispanic/Latino CTR researchers and community leaders that understand this population’s prevalent health needs. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To use the Professional Development Core (PDC) of the Hispanic Alliance for Clinical and Translational Research (Alliance) as a hub that coordinates training, mentoring programs, and grant support to address the need for mo

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Bloch, Sidney, and Garry Walter. "The Impact Factor: Time for Change." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 35, no. 5 (October 2001): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0004867010060502.

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Objective: The Impact Factor (IF) has received virtually no attention in the psychiatric literature, despite its long-term use, expanding influence and evidence of misapplication. We examine the IF's validity as a measure of a paper's scientific worth, and consider alternative ways to conduct such an appraisal. Method: We explored medical databases and websites, and conferred with acknowledged experts on the subject. Results: Irremediable problems, both conceptual and technical, make the IF a flawed measure. The notion that citations vouch for the quality of an article is questionable. Moreove

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Haryadi, Haryadi, Citra Amalia, Doddy Teguh Yuwono, Fitri Amalia Sholehah, and Santika Santika. "SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN SELEKSI BANTUAN DANA HIBAH PENELITIAN DENGAN METODE ANALYTIC NETWORK PROCE (ANP)." Jurnal Informatika dan Rekayasa Elektronik 4, no. 1 (April 19, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36595/jire.v4i1.293.

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At the end of 2019, the ranking for research was issued by the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education at that time, UM Palangkaraya moved up the rankings from the fostered cluster to MADYA. This encourages the institution to further improve the quality of research quality from lecturers. One of them is by providing Penelitian Penelitian Kompetitif Dosen Interna (PKDI). For this reason, research programs carried out in tertiary institutions are required to produce high quality and useful products. The manifestation of this openness is that program proposals received by LP2M will

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Kline, Chelsea, Matthew Baumgart, Julie Bynum, Sheryl Zimmerman, and Sam Fazio. "ACCELERATING DEMENTIA RESEARCH AND EARLY-CAREER DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE SUMMER RESEARCH INSTITUTE." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2023): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.2543.

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Abstract Today, there are more than six million Americans living with Alzheimer’s disease and more than 11 million unpaid caregivers. By 2060, the number of Americans living with Alzheimer’s could reach 14 million. These statistics highlight the need for early career investigators to join the dementia research workforce and accelerate breakthroughs in this field. In 2020, the National Institutes on Aging (NIA) funded the Alzheimer’s Association Interdisciplinary Summer Research Institute (AA-ISRI) focused on early career investigators interested in psychosocial and public health research relat

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Warren, Andrea, Shilpa Constantinides, Edward Frongillo, and Christine Blake. "Stakeholder Engagement Strategies for Policy and Programmatic Uptake: Lessons from the Drivers of Food Choice Competitive Grants Program." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa053_125.

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Abstract Objectives This study drew upon experiences of stakeholder engagement in food choice research to advance knowledge about best practices. Methods The Drivers of Food Choice Competitive Grants Program aimed to understand food choice in low- and middle-income-countries. All funded proposals included stakeholder engagement strategies. Data were from document review of proposals and reports and semi-structured interviews with the principal investigators of the 15 projects. Interviews were transcribed and uploaded into NVIVO 12. The lead author analyzed interviews thematically using an a pr

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Van Wart, Audra, Ulrike Mende, Judy Kimberly, Ghada Bourjeily, and Sharon Rounds. "127 Advance RI-K Scholar Career Development Program: A one-year intensive program for developing early career faculty in an IDeA state." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 8, s1 (April 2024): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.124.

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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: We developed a state-wide program to support early career faculty in preparing mentored career development awards, and connect them to resources, mentorship, and career development opportunities. We aimed to build self-efficacy along multiple axes, including research design and grantsmanship, and to facilitate networking with mentors and peers. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The program recruited four cohorts of faculty over the course of four years, for a total of 32 faculty participants (63% physician scientists). Participants were selected by a Steering Committee, and represent

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Bayindir, Esra Eren, Mehmet Yigit Gurdal, and Ismail Saglam. "A Game Theoretic Approach to Peer Review of Grant Proposals." Journal of Informetrics 13, no. 4 (November 2019): 100981. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2019.100981.

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Porter, Alan L., and Frederick A. Rossini. "Peer Review of Interdisciplinary Research Proposals." Science, Technology, & Human Values 10, no. 3 (July 1985): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016224398501000304.

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Azizi, Kiran, Shahan Waheed, Rubina Barolia, Naveed Ahmed, and Madiha Ismail. "Understanding perceptions and factors involved in do not resuscitate (DNR) decision making in the emergency department of a low-resource country: a mixed-methods study protocol." BMJ Open 10, no. 9 (September 2020): e038915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038915.

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IntroductionDo not resuscitate (DNR) decision making is an integral component of emergency medicine practice. There is a paucity of data, protocols and guidelines regarding the perceptions and barriers that are involved in the interactions among healthcare professionals, patients and their caregivers regarding DNR decision making. The aim of this study is, therefore, to explore the perceptions and factors influencing DNR decision making in the emergency department and to evaluate the use of a context-based protocol for DNR decision making.Methods and analysisThis will be a sequential mixed met

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Gupta, Vishnu Kumar. "Quality Control through Peer Review Process in Scholarly Communication: Review of Related Literature." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 8, no. 3 (October 7, 2017): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v8.n3.p3.

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<p>This review of related literature on the theme of peer review process in scholarly communication explains the status of research on periodicals, grant peer review and fellowships. The paper highlights the quality related issues of the scholarly communication and peer review process. Peer reviewers are invited to grant applications or assess fellowship or review manuscript in a peer review process undertake the responsibility for confirming top-level quality and standards in their concerned subject fields. <em></em></p>

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Hodgson, Corinne. "How reliable is peer review? An examination of operating grant proposals simultaneously submitted to two similar peer review systems." Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 50, no. 11 (November 1997): 1189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0895-4356(97)00167-4.

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Ardern, Clare L., Nadia Martino, Sammy Nag, Robyn Tamblyn, David Moher, Adrian Mota, and Karim M. Khan. "Three years of quality assurance data assessing the performance of over 4000 grant peer review contributions to the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Project Grant Competition." FACETS 8 (January 1, 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0175.

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The Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) commenced a Quality Assurance Program in 2019 to monitor the quality of peer review in its Project Grant Competition Peer Review Committees. Our primary aim was to describe the performance of CIHR grant peer reviewers, based on the assessments made by CIHR peer review leaders during the first 3 years of the Research Quality Assurance Program. All Peer Review Committee Chairs and (or) Scientific Officers who led peer review for CIHR in 2019, 2020, and 2021 completed Reviewer Quality Feedback forms immediately following Peer Review Committee meet

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Luo, Junwen, Thomas Feliciani, Martin Reinhart, Judith Hartstein, Vineeth Das, Olalere Alabi, and Kalpana Shankar. "Analyzing sentiments in peer review reports: Evidence from two science funding agencies." Quantitative Science Studies 2, no. 4 (2021): 1271–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00156.

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Abstract Using a novel combination of methods and data sets from two national funding agency contexts, this study explores whether review sentiment can be used as a reliable proxy for understanding peer reviewer opinions. We measure reviewer opinions via their review sentiments on both specific review subjects and proposals’ overall funding worthiness with three different methods: manual content analysis and two dictionary-based sentiment analysis algorithms (TextBlob and VADER). The reliability of review sentiment to detect reviewer opinions is addressed by its correlation with review scores

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39

Kotchen, Theodore A. "NIH Peer Review of Grant Applications for Clinical Research." JAMA 291, no. 7 (February 18, 2004): 836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.291.7.836.

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40

Giraudeau, Bruno, Clémence Leyrat, Amélie Le Gouge, Julie Léger, and Agnès Caille. "Peer Review of Grant Applications: A Simple Method to Identify Proposals with Discordant Reviews." PLoS ONE 6, no. 11 (November 14, 2011): e27557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027557.

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41

Scherngell, T., I. Roche, M. Horlesberger, D. Besagni, M. E. Zuger, and D. Holste. "Initial comparative analysis of model and peer review process for ERC starting grant proposals." Research Evaluation 22, no. 4 (August 8, 2013): 248–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reseval/rvt015.

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42

van Gunsteren, Wilfred. "On the pitfalls of peer review." F1000Research 4 (November 11, 2015): 1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.7342.1.

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The review process of academic, scientific research and its basic tenets is considered, thereby distinguishing between (i) reviewing of manuscripts to be published in the scientific literature, (ii) reviewing of research proposals to be financed by funding agencies, (iii) reviewing of educational or research institutions with respect to their proper functioning, and (iv) reviewing of scientists with the aim of appointing or tenuring faculty.

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43

Hall, Meldra, Jeffrey Engler, Japera Hemming, Ernest Alema-Mensah, Adriana Baez, Kimberly Lawson, Alexander Quarshie, et al. "Using a Virtual Community (the Health Equity Learning Collaboratory) to Support Early-Stage Investigators Pursuing Grant Funding." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 11 (October 30, 2018): 2408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112408.

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Junior investigators often have limited access to networks of scientific experts and resources that facilitate competitive grant submissions. Since environments in which scientists are trained are critically important for long-term success, we built and tested a virtual environment for early-stage investigators (ESIs) working on grant proposals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the virtual community’s influence on grant submission patterns among participants from underrepresented groups. As part of a grant writing coaching model, junior investigators were recruited into a professional dev

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44

Vodyanitskaya, E. "Peer Review Regulation in the German Science and Research Association." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 5(26) (October 28, 2012): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2012-5-26-227-234.

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The article describes peer review procedures used by the German Science and Research Association. It gives thorough analysis of the stages of peer review and provides a number of critical comments to the procedure regarding provision of additional information to grant applicants, increased reimbursement of the reviewers, reveal of information about the reviewers.

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45

Tamblyn, Robyn, Nadyne Girard, James Hanley, Bettina Habib, Adrian Mota, Karim M. Khan, and Clare L. Ardern. "Ranking versus rating in peer review of research grant applications." PLOS ONE 18, no. 10 (October 5, 2023): e0292306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292306.

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The allocation of public funds for research has been predominantly based on peer review where reviewers are asked to rate an application on some form of ordinal scale from poor to excellent. Poor reliability and bias of peer review rating has led funding agencies to experiment with different approaches to assess applications. In this study, we compared the reliability and potential sources of bias associated with application rating with those of application ranking in 3,156 applications to the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Ranking was more reliable than rating and less susceptible to

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46

Colletti, Lisa M., Joseph C. Kolars, and James O. Woolliscroft. "GME Innovations Grant Program at the University of Michigan Health System—Fostering Changes in Education and Clinical Care." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 5, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 665–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-12-00317.1.

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Abstract Background Changes in graduate medical education (GME) have resulted in curricula, goals and objectives, and assessment methods becoming more formal, yet there is little financial support for the educational research required to develop better teaching approaches and assessment tools. Objective We sought to encourage the development of new educational tools and assessment methods to improve the overall conduct of GME at the University of Michigan. Intervention The University of Michigan Health System has recently established a new educational grant that is designed to foster innovativ

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47

Langille, Lynn L., and Theresa Mackenzie. "Navigating the Road to Success: Guidelines for Preparing Competitive Grant Proposals." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 2, no. 1 (March 14, 2007): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8kk5s.

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Purpose - Difficulty in securing research funding has been cited as one barrier to the involvement of more librarians and information professionals in conducting original research. This article seeks to support the work of librarians who wish to secure research funding by describing some key approaches to the creation of successful grant applications.   Approach - The authors draw on more than 15 years experience in supporting the development of successful research grant proposals. Twelve grant-writing best practices or ‘key approaches’ are described, and a planning timeline is sug

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48

Pier, Elizabeth L., Markus Brauer, Amarette Filut, Anna Kaatz, Joshua Raclaw, Mitchell J. Nathan, Cecilia E. Ford, and Molly Carnes. "Low agreement among reviewers evaluating the same NIH grant applications." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 12 (March 5, 2018): 2952–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1714379115.

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Obtaining grant funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is increasingly competitive, as funding success rates have declined over the past decade. To allocate relatively scarce funds, scientific peer reviewers must differentiate the very best applications from comparatively weaker ones. Despite the importance of this determination, little research has explored how reviewers assign ratings to the applications they review and whether there is consistency in the reviewers’ evaluation of the same application. Replicating all aspects of the NIH peer-review process, we examined 43 indivi

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49

Bergenholtz, Henning, and Rufus Gouws. "Proposals for the Writing of Peer Reviews in Lexicography." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 27, no. 54 (December 22, 2015): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v27i54.22950.

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<p>In lexicography a good review is important for the dictionary maker(s), the publishing house and the whole lexicographical community. It is also important for the reviewers because it can expand their research record. Up to a few years ago reviews were still acknowledged in research databases. Currently they can be included in a database, but they do not count as scientific outputs. The situation for peer reviews is similar. Peer reviews are an important quality assurance tool in the scientific publication process. Good peer reviews have some mutual characteristics with reviews, espec

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50

Owoaje, Eme T. "Grant writing." Journal of Global Medicine 3, S1 (December 30, 2023): e135. http://dx.doi.org/10.51496/jogm.v3.s1.135.

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Grant writing is the process of responding to an application for a financial grant from institutions such as research organisations, government agencies, corporations, foundations, trusts, and international funding organisations. The skills required to write successful grants are referred to as grantsmanship. Over the past few decades, the process of applying for grants has become increasingly complex and highly competitive. Therefore, the grant proposals must be based on innovative ideas, capable of advancing the current status of knowledge, compelling, and well-written. Types of Research Gra

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